Printhead apparatus and 3D printing device

Abstract

A printhead apparatus (100) for 3D printing, wherein an extrusion portion (110) comprises a switching assembly (11) and a plurality of extrusion assemblies (12), and each extrusion assembly (12) is provided with an extrusion channel (T1) and a switch portion (13); the switching assembly (11) comprises a moving component (14) capable of being driven to rotate, wherein the moving component (14) is provided with a trigger portion (15), and the plurality of switch portions (13) respectively corresponds to different positions on a rotational path of the trigger portion (15), so that the plurality of switch portions (13) is triggered when the moving component (14) rotates to different angles; and a pushing component (51) of a nozzle portion (120) collides with vertical supports (311) of a gantry (310) to achieve the switching of nozzle assemblies (52).

Description

Print head assembly and 3D printing equipment

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202410703434.1, filed on May 31, 2024, entitled "Printhead Device and 3D Printing Equipment", and to Chinese Patent Application No. 202421244581.9, filed on May 31, 2024, entitled "Multi-Consumable Extrusion Device, Printhead and 3D Printing Equipment", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of 3D printing, and more specifically, to printhead devices and 3D printing equipment. Background Technology

[0003] Existing 3D printing equipment, such as 3D printing equipment based on fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology, can only achieve single-material printing or, although it can switch between multiple materials, its structure is relatively complex. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a printhead assembly and a 3D printing device to solve the problem of the complex structure of existing 3D printing devices for switching between multiple consumables.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a printhead device, including an extrusion section and a printhead section. The extrusion section includes a switching assembly and multiple extrusion assemblies, each extrusion assembly having an extrusion channel and a switching part; when the switching part is triggered, the corresponding extrusion assembly can extrude consumables from the extrusion channel; the switching assembly includes a movable member capable of being driven to rotate, the movable member having a trigger part, and the multiple switching parts respectively corresponding to different positions on the rotation path of the trigger part, so that the multiple switching parts are triggered when the movable member rotates to different angles. The printhead section is movably disposed along the X direction; the printhead section includes a fixed frame, a pusher, and multiple printhead assemblies; each printhead assembly has an ejection channel, and the ejection channels of the multiple printhead assemblies respectively correspond to and connect to the extrusion channels of the multiple extrusion assemblies; the pusher is movably mounted on the fixed frame along the X direction; the multiple printhead assemblies are movably mounted on the fixed frame along the Z direction, and the multiple printhead assemblies respectively abut against different positions of the pusher along the Z direction. After the nozzle section is displaced along the X-direction until the pusher is stopped, the nozzle section continues to displace along the X-direction so that the retainer and multiple nozzle assemblies are displaced relative to the pusher in the X-direction, so that the pusher pushes the nozzle assembly corresponding to the selected extrusion assembly to be displaced along the Z-direction to the printing position.

[0006] In use, the printhead assembly of this application can trigger the switching section of the selected extrusion assembly by controlling the rotating part to different angles; simultaneously, controlling the nozzle part to move along the X-axis causes the pusher to collide with the column, thereby displacing the pusher relative to the printhead assembly along the X-axis, thus displacing the corresponding printhead assembly along the Z-axis to the printing position. In this way, the selected extrusion assembly can extrude consumables from the extrusion channel into the ejection channel of the corresponding printhead assembly, and eject them from the ejection channel to form a printed part.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the extrusion section further includes a mounting frame, a first drive member, an active extrusion wheel, and multiple elastic members. The first drive member is tractively connected to the active extrusion wheel and is used to drive the active extrusion wheel to rotate. Multiple extrusion assemblies are arranged sequentially along a first direction, and each extrusion assembly is movably connected to the mounting frame along a second direction. Each extrusion assembly includes a support and a driven extrusion wheel. The support has an extrusion channel, the driven extrusion wheel is rotatably mounted on the support and located on one side of the extrusion channel, and the active extrusion wheel is located on the other side of the extrusion channel. A triggering part is eccentrically positioned relative to the rotation center of the movable member. The movable member has a top surface, and the triggering part is a relief groove recessed from the top surface. Multiple elastic members elastically press multiple extrusion assemblies against one side of the top surface of the movable member along the second direction. When the movable member rotates to the point where the switching part of the selected extrusion assembly corresponds to the relief groove along the second direction, the elastic members drive the driven extrusion wheel of the corresponding extrusion assembly to approach the active extrusion wheel and extrude the consumable material through the extrusion channel together with the active extrusion wheel. The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the support has a through hole extending along a first direction, the through holes of the supports of multiple extrusion components are connected along the first direction, and the active extrusion wheel is rotatably disposed through the multiple through holes for engaging with multiple driven extrusion wheels respectively; the size of the through hole is larger than that of the active extrusion wheel to allow the support to be displaced relative to the active extrusion wheel in a second direction.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the clearance groove is a conical groove that is larger on the outside and smaller on the inside. The bracket has a recessed receiving groove on the side facing the movable part; the switching part includes a ball and a stop post. The ball is supported in the receiving groove by the stop post. The ball part protrudes outside the bracket and is located on the rotation path of the clearance groove, so that when the movable part rotates to the point where the ball of any nozzle assembly corresponds to the clearance groove in the second direction, the elastic member pushes the corresponding nozzle assembly to move towards the side closer to the movable part in the second direction until the ball abuts against the bottom surface of the receiving groove, so that the driven extrusion wheel approaches the active extrusion wheel to cooperate in extruding consumables.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the mounting bracket has a groove extending in a second direction, and the support has a sliding protrusion extending in the second direction, the sliding protrusion being slidably engaged with the groove.

[0011] In one possible implementation, a mounting groove is recessed on one side of the support in the thickness direction, and the mounting groove is laterally connected to the extrusion channel. A shaft portion is protruding from the bottom surface of the mounting groove; the driven extrusion wheel is mounted on the shaft portion and rotatably accommodated in the mounting groove.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the mounting frame includes a top wall, a bottom wall, a front wall, a rear wall, a left wall, and a right wall; the top and bottom walls are spaced apart and opposite each other along a third direction, the front and rear walls are spaced apart and opposite each other along a second direction, and the left and right walls are spaced apart and opposite each other along a first direction. The top, bottom, front, rear, left, and right walls together enclose the internal space of the mounting frame; each extrusion assembly is slidably mounted in the internal space. The third direction is perpendicular to the first direction and perpendicular to the second direction.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the top wall, bottom wall, left wall, and rear wall are integrally designed to form the main frame, and the front wall and right wall are integrally designed to form an L-shaped cover, with the cover and the main frame being detachably connected.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the two ends of the active extrusion wheel are rotatably mounted on the left and right walls, respectively. A first drive member is mounted on the outer surface of the left wall and connected to the active extrusion wheel through a hole in the rear wall of the left wall. A movable member is rotatably mounted on the inner side of the front wall, and a second drive member is mounted on the outer surface of the front wall, passing through the front wall and connecting to the movable member to drive the movable member to rotate. A first opening is provided in the top wall, and the upper end of the extrusion channel of each extrusion component corresponds to the first opening, so that the consumable can enter the extrusion channel from the first opening. A second opening is provided in the bottom wall, and the lower end of the extrusion channel of each extrusion component corresponds to the second opening, so that the consumable can be extruded from the extrusion channel and exit the mounting frame through the second opening.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the extrusion section further includes an adapter frame; the top end of the adapter frame is connected to the mounting frame. The adapter frame has multiple material guide channels, the inlets of which correspond to the outlets of the extrusion channels of multiple extrusion components; the outlets of the material guide channels are used to connect to the nozzle section.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the feed channel is a channel that includes a curved portion.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the multiple material guide channels are arranged in a row along a first direction on the inlet side, and the multiple material guide channels are partially staggered along a second direction on the outlet side.

[0018] In one possible implementation, on the outlet side, four guide channels are spaced apart in a first direction, and along the first direction, the first and third guide channels are offset from the second and fourth guide channels in a second direction.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the adapter frame is further connected to a detection assembly, which includes a detection circuit board and multiple detection switches mounted on the detection circuit board. A side hole extending through to a material guide channel is provided on the outer side of the adapter frame. The detection circuit board is mounted on the outer side of the adapter frame, and the detection switches extend into the side hole. A steel ball is provided at the connection between the side hole and the material guide channel; when there is consumable material in the material guide channel, the consumable material laterally pushes the steel ball, causing the steel ball to press against the detection switch, thereby being detected by the detection switch.

[0020] In one possible implementation, the number of triggers is less than the number of switches, and the extrusion assembly is configured such that each switch is located on the rotation path of at least one trigger in the moving part, and that only one switch is located at the trigger at any given time.

[0021] In one possible implementation, there are two triggers, the lines connecting the two triggers to the rotation center of the movable member are not collinear and their lengths are unequal. There are four extrusion assemblies, the switching parts of the four extrusion assemblies are arranged in a row along a first direction, and the switching parts of the two middle extrusion assemblies are respectively located on the rotation path of the trigger with the shorter connecting line length, while the switching parts of the two outer extrusion assemblies are respectively located on the rotation path of the trigger with the longer connecting line length.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the printhead assembly has rollers on the side near the pusher; there are four printhead assemblies in total, and the rollers of the four printhead assemblies are arranged in a rectangular pattern. The pusher includes two push bars extending along the X-direction; each push bar has a base surface facing the roller side along the Z-direction, and the base surface protrudes from the base surface towards the roller side to form two spaced-apart convex surfaces. The four convex surfaces are spaced apart along the X-direction, and when the pusher is displaced to different positions relative to the mounting bracket along the X-direction, different convex surfaces abut against the rollers of the corresponding printhead assembly to push the corresponding printhead assembly to the printing position along the Z-direction.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the push bar further includes a slope that transitions between the convex surface and the base surface, allowing the roller to roll between the base surface and the convex surface when the push bar is displaced relative to the mounting bracket. The push member includes two connecting bars, each connected to one end of a push bar, and the two connecting bars and the two push bars together form a rectangular frame structure.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the printhead portion further includes a calibration plate connected to the mounting bracket and located at the outlet end of the printhead assembly's ejection channel; the calibration plate has a plurality of calibration holes on its side facing the printhead assembly, the calibration holes being conical. The printhead assembly includes a nozzle located at the outlet end of the ejection channel, the nozzle being conical to fit the calibration holes, so that the calibration holes correct the nozzle position as the printhead assembly is displaced along the Z-axis to the printing position.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the extrusion portion is fixedly connected to the nozzle portion and is movable along the X direction together with the nozzle portion; alternatively, the extrusion portion is fixedly connected to the frame, and the extrusion channel of the extrusion portion and the ejection channel of the nozzle portion are connected by a consumable connecting pipe.

[0026] Secondly, this application provides a 3D printing device, including a frame, an X-axis, and the aforementioned printhead assembly. The frame includes two columns spaced apart along the X-axis. The X-axis connects the two columns. The nozzle portion is slidably mounted on the X-axis and is displaceable such that the pusher is limited by the columns, resulting in relative displacement along the X-axis relative to the mounting frame and the plurality of nozzle assemblies; the extrusion portion is fixed relative to the frame, or the extrusion portion is fixed relative to the nozzle portion. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a 3D printing device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 2 shows a perspective view of the extrusion section of the 3D printing equipment in Figure 1;

[0030] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the extruded portion in Figure 2 along line AA;

[0031] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the extruded portion in Figure 2 along line BB;

[0032] Figure 5 is an exploded view of the extruded portion in Figure 2;

[0033] Figure 6 is an exploded view of a portion of the extruded section in Figure 2;

[0034] Figure 7 is an exploded view of a portion of the extruded section in Figure 2;

[0035] Figure 8 is a structural view of the switching components and switch elements in Figure 2;

[0036] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the combination of the switching part of the movable component in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the fit between the moving parts and the ball bearings in Figure 2;

[0038] Figure 11 is a three-dimensional view of the nozzle portion according to an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 12 is an exploded view of the nozzle section in Figure 11;

[0040] Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view of the nozzle portion in Figure 11;

[0041] Figure 14 is another cross-sectional view of the nozzle portion in Figure 11;

[0042] Figure 15 is a three-dimensional view of the nozzle part in Figure 11 from another perspective;

[0043] Figure 16 is an exploded view of the nozzle assembly in Figure 11;

[0044] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a 3D printing device according to another embodiment of this application.

[0045] Key Component Symbols: 3D Printing Equipment 1000, 1000a; Printing Platform 200; Frame 300; Gantry 310; Base 320; Column 311; Crossbeam 312; X-axis 400; Consumables 800; Print Head Assembly 100; Nozzle Section 120; Extrusion Section 110; Consumable Tube 140; Switching Assembly 11; Extrusion Assembly 12; Switch Section 13; Moving Part 14; Trigger Section 15; Mounting Bracket 16; First Drive Part 17; Active Extrusion Roller 18; Elastic Part 19; Sliding Protrusion 20; Support 21; Driven Extrusion Roller 22; Shaft 23; Ball Bearing 24; Push Column 25; Top Wall 26; Bottom Wall 27; Front Wall 28; Rear Wall 29; Left Wall 30; Right Wall 31; Main Frame 32; Cover Part33 Bearing 34 Adapter 35 Pipe Connector 36 Detection Component 37 Detection Circuit Board 38 Detection Switch 39 Steel Ball 40 Second Drive Component 41 Slide C0 Mounting Slot C1 Clearance Slot C2 Receiving Slot C3 Through Hole K1 First Opening K2 Second Opening K3 Enlarged Hole K4 Side Hole K5 Top Surface P5 Internal Space Q1 Extrusion Channel T1 Material Guide Channel T3 First Direction Y1 Second Direction Y2 Third Direction Y3 Fixing Frame 50 Pusher Component 51 Nozzle Assembly 52 Roller 54 Pusher Strip 55 Connecting Strip 56 Bottom Wall 64 Top Wall 65 Side Wall 66 Guide Block 68 Sliding Part 70 Guide Part 71 Guide Protrusion 73 Baffle74 Feed connector 75 Nozzle bracket 76 Heat conduction pipe 77 Heating pipe 78 Nozzle 79 Heat dissipation fins 80 Heat insulation sleeve 81 Isolation column 82 Guide plate 83 Throat 86 Spray channel T2 Base surface P1 Convex surface P2 Sloping surface P3 First convex surface P21 Second convex surface P22 Third convex surface P23 Fourth convex surface P24 Clearance hole K7 Guide hole K8 Guide hole K9 Guide groove C4 Detailed Implementation

[0046] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0047] It should be noted that when a component is said to be "fixed to" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there may be an intervening component. When a component is said to be "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intervening component. When a component is said to be "set on" another component, it can be directly set on the other component or there may be an intervening component. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this document are for illustrative purposes only.

[0048] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "or / and" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0049] Some embodiments of this application are described in detail. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0050] Example

[0051] Referring to Figure 1, this embodiment provides a 3D printing device 1000, which can specifically be a 3D printing device 1000 based on FDM technology.

[0052] The 3D printing equipment 1000 includes a frame 300, a printing platform 200, a print head assembly 100, and displacement components in the X, Y, and Z directions. The print head assembly 100 and the printing platform 200 move relative to each other in a controlled manner under the action of the displacement components. For example, the printing platform 200 can be displaced relative to the frame 300 in the Y direction under the action of the Y-direction displacement component, and the print head assembly 100 can be displaced in the X and / or Z directions under the action of the X and Z-direction displacement components, heating and melting the filament according to a set path and printing it onto the printing platform 200.

[0053] The displacement components in the X, Y, and Z directions can be driven by lead screws and nuts, belts, or other drive mechanisms, and there are no restrictions here.

[0054] In this embodiment, the printhead assembly 100 includes an extrusion section 110 and a nozzle section 120. The extrusion section 110 is fixedly connected to the nozzle section 120 (e.g., both are connected to the same frame for mutual fixation) so that they can move synchronously along the X or Z direction. The extrusion section 110 is used to extrude filament, and the nozzle section 120 is used to receive the filament extruded by the extrusion section 110 and heat and melt it for printing onto the printing platform 200 to form a printed part.

[0055] For example, the extrusion portion 110 and the nozzle portion 120 can be fixed together by the same housing. A consumable tube 140 can be connected between the extrusion portion 110 and the nozzle portion 120 to facilitate the conduction of consumables.

[0056] In this embodiment, the frame 300 includes a base 320 and a gantry 310, with the gantry 310 vertically connected to the base 320. The printing platform 200 is movably disposed on the base 320. The gantry 310 includes two columns 311 spaced apart along the X-direction and a crossbeam 312 connecting the ends of the two columns away from the base 320, wherein the columns extend along the Z-direction. An X-axis optical axis 400 movable along the Z-direction can be connected between the two columns, and the printhead assembly is movably connected to the X-axis optical axis 400 along the X-direction. Thus, the printhead assembly can be displaced along the X-direction or displaced along the Z-direction together with the X-axis optical axis 400.

[0057] Figures 2-10 show an extrusion section 110 provided in an embodiment of this application. The extrusion section 110 of this embodiment can realize the extrusion of multiple consumables, for example, it can be used for the extrusion of consumables of various colors. Figures 11-16 show a nozzle section 120 provided in an embodiment of this application, which can receive and eject multiple consumables extruded by the printing extrusion section 110. They will be described in detail below.

[0058] As shown in Figures 2-5, the extrusion section 110 includes a switching component 11 and multiple extrusion components 12. The multiple extrusion components 12 can be used to extrude various consumables 800 respectively, and the switching component 11 is used to switch different extrusion components 12 to a working state that can extrude consumables 800.

[0059] The extrusion assembly 12 has an extrusion channel T1 and a switching part 13; when the switching part 13 is triggered, the corresponding extrusion assembly 12 can extrude consumable 800 from the extrusion channel T1. The switching assembly 11 includes a movable member 14 that can be driven to rotate. The movable member 14 has a bearing surface P5, and a trigger part 15 is provided on the bearing surface P5. The trigger part 15 is eccentrically arranged relative to the rotation center D1 of the movable member 14. Multiple switching parts 13 correspond to different positions on the rotation path of the trigger part 15, so that multiple switching parts 13 are triggered when the movable member 14 rotates to different angles.

[0060] In this embodiment, the extrusion section 110 further includes a mounting frame 16, a first driving member 17, an active extrusion wheel 18, and a plurality of elastic members 19.

[0061] Multiple extrusion components 12 are arranged sequentially along a first direction Y1, and each extrusion component 12 is movably connected to the mounting frame 16 along a second direction Y2. For example, the mounting frame 16 has a groove C0 extending along the second direction Y2, and the bracket 21 has a sliding protrusion 20 extending along the second direction Y2, which is slidably engaged with the groove C0.

[0062] In this embodiment, the first direction Y1 is parallel to the X direction, and the second direction Y2 is parallel to the Y direction. In other embodiments, the first direction Y1 can also be set to be parallel to the Y direction, and the second direction Y2 to be parallel to the X direction.

[0063] The extrusion assembly 12 includes a support 21 and a driven extrusion wheel 22. The extrusion channel T1 is opened on the support 21. The driven extrusion wheel 22 is rotatably mounted on the support 21 and located on one side of the extrusion channel T1. The driving extrusion wheel 18 is located on the other side of the extrusion channel T1.

[0064] In this embodiment, the support 21 is generally rectangular, with its length along the second direction Y2, its thickness along the first direction Y1, and its width along the third direction Y3. The extrusion channel T1 passes through the support 21 along the third direction Y3. The support 21 has a small thickness dimension, so the total size occupied by multiple supports 21 along the first direction Y1 (i.e., the thickness direction) can also be controlled to be small, which can avoid the total size of multiple extrusion components 12 along the stacking direction (first direction Y1) being too large and affecting the compactness of the extrusion section 110.

[0065] In this embodiment, adjacent extrusion components 12 can be in direct contact or a certain gap can be provided. Providing a gap can prevent adjacent extrusion components 12 from interfering with or rubbing against each other.

[0066] Referring to Figures 6 and 7, optionally, a mounting groove C1 is recessed on one side of the thickness direction of the support 21, and the mounting groove C1 is laterally connected to the extrusion channel T1. A shaft portion 23 is protruding from the bottom surface of the mounting groove C1. The driven extrusion wheel 22 is mounted on the shaft portion 23 and rotatably accommodated in the mounting groove C1. Optionally, the driven extrusion wheel 22 can be a rolling bearing.

[0067] The active extrusion wheel 18 is rotatably mounted on the mounting frame 16. The first drive member 17 is mounted on the mounting frame 16 and connected to the active extrusion wheel 18 for driving the active extrusion wheel 18 to rotate, thereby providing extrusion power. In this embodiment, the bracket 21 is provided with a through hole K1 extending along the first direction Y1, and the through hole K1 is laterally connected to the extrusion channel T1. The through holes K1 of the brackets 21 of the multiple extrusion assemblies 12 are connected along the first direction Y1, and the active extrusion wheel 18 passes through the multiple through holes K1, thereby cooperating with the multiple driven extrusion wheels 22 respectively. The size of the through hole K1 is larger than that of the active extrusion wheel 18, thereby allowing the bracket 21 to be displaced relative to the active extrusion wheel 18 along the second direction Y2, avoiding the restriction of the active extrusion wheel 18 on the displacement of the bracket 21 along the second direction Y2. In this way, the active extrusion wheel 18 corresponds to multiple driven extrusion wheels 22 at the same time, and only one first drive member 17 is needed to provide extrusion power for multiple extrusion assemblies 12, resulting in a simple structure.

[0068] Referring to Figures 6-10, in this embodiment, the movable member 14 is generally a circular plate, with one side serving as the abutment surface P5. The triggering part 15 is a relief groove C2 recessed from the abutment surface P5. Multiple elastic members 19 elastically press multiple extrusion components 12 against one side of the abutment surface P5 of the movable member 14 along the second direction Y2. Optionally, one end of the elastic member 19 abuts against the mounting bracket 16, and the other end abuts against the end of the bracket 21 away from the movable member 14 along the second direction Y2.

[0069] When the movable part 14 rotates to the point that the switch part 13 of the selected extrusion assembly 12 corresponds to the clearance groove C2 along the second direction Y2, the elastic part 19 drives the corresponding extrusion assembly 12 and the driven extrusion wheel 22 to approach the active extrusion wheel 18 and together with the active extrusion wheel 18, extrudes the consumable 800 through the extrusion channel T1.

[0070] In this embodiment, optionally, the bracket 21 is recessed with a receiving groove C3 on the side facing the movable member 14; the switching part 13 includes a ball 24 and a stop post 25. The ball 24 is supported in the receiving groove C3 by the stop post 25. The ball 24 protrudes out of the bracket 21 and is located on the rotation path of the clearance groove C2. When the movable member 14 rotates to the point where the ball 24 of any extrusion assembly 12 corresponds to the clearance groove C2 along the second direction Y2, the elastic member 19 pushes the corresponding extrusion assembly 12 to move along the second direction Y2 towards the side closer to the movable member 14 until the ball 24 abuts against the bottom surface of the receiving groove C3, so that the driven extrusion wheel 22 approaches the active extrusion wheel 18 to cooperate with the extrusion consumable 800.

[0071] Optionally, the clearance groove C2 is a conical groove with a larger outer diameter and a smaller inner diameter, and the ball bearing 24 is spherical. Thus, when the movable part 14 rotates, the ball bearing 24 can smoothly move from the top surface P5 along the side surface of the clearance groove C2 to the bottom surface of the clearance groove C2, and also smoothly move from the bottom surface of the clearance groove C2 along the side surface of the clearance groove C2 to the top surface P5, thereby ensuring that the movable part 14 can rotate smoothly without being jammed by the ball bearing 24. The depth of the clearance groove C2 should be large enough to allow the driven extrusion wheel 22 to displace and engage with the driving extrusion wheel 18 to press against the consumable material 800.

[0072] In this embodiment, the number of triggering parts 15 (such as clearance groove C5) is less than the number of switching parts 13. The extrusion assembly 12 is configured such that each switching part 13 is located on the rotation path of at least one triggering part 15 in the moving part 14, and at the same time there is only one switching part 13 located at the triggering part 15.

[0073] In some implementations, the number of switch portions 13 is A+B (A and B are both positive integers greater than or equal to 1, and A≥B), and the spacing between any two adjacent switch portions 13 in the first direction Y1 is the same. Switch portions 13 are distributed on both sides of the rotation axis H of the movable member 14 along the first direction Y1. As shown in FIG9, along the first direction Y1, the number of switch portions 13 located on the right side of the rotation axis H is A, and the number of switch portions 13 located on the left side of the rotation axis H is B. For every B switch portions 13, a corresponding switch portion 13 can be found within the number A switch portions 13, so that two switch portions 13 can share a common clearance groove C5.

[0074] In the switch section 13 located on the right side of the rotation axis H, the distances from each switch section 13 to the rotation axis H are L, arranged from left to right. 11 L 12 ...L 1A In the switch section 13 located on the left side of the rotation axis H, the distances of each switch section 13 from the rotation axis H are L, arranged from right to left. 21 L 22 ...L 2B .

[0075] Along the first direction Y1, the clearance grooves C5 are distributed individually on the left or right side of the rotation axis H, or the clearance grooves C5 are distributed simultaneously on the left and right sides of the rotation axis H. The number of clearance grooves C5 is C.

[0076] The clearance slots C5 are arranged in order from closest to farthest from the rotation axis H, with each clearance slot C5 corresponding to one of the switch parts 13 located on the right side of the rotation axis H, and the distances of each clearance slot C5 from the rotation axis H are L, respectively. 31 L 32 ...L 3C .

[0077] Where C = A, and A ≥ B, L11 = L 31 ,L 12 =L 32 L1A=L 3C And so on, to ensure that the switch section 13 located on the right side of the rotation axis H along the first direction Y1 is located on the rotation path of the C number of clearance slots C5. Furthermore, L 11 =L 21 ,L 12 =L 22 ,L 1B =L 2B And so on.

[0078] It is understandable that the distribution of each switch part 13 located on the right side of the rotation axis H does not have to be arranged sequentially along the first direction Y1. That is, each switch part 13 located on the right side of the rotation axis H can be staggered in the third direction Y3, as long as the above formula is satisfied to ensure L 1A =L 3C That's it. Correspondingly, the distribution of each switch unit 13 located on the left side of the rotation axis H does not necessarily have to be arranged sequentially along the first direction Y1. That is, each switch unit 13 located on the left side of the rotation axis H can be staggered in the third direction Y3, as long as the above formula is satisfied to ensure L... 2B =L 3B That's all.

[0079] In other embodiments, the spacing between any two adjacent switch portions 13 located on the right side of the rotation axis H in the first direction Y1 can also be different, as long as it is in accordance with L. 11 L 12 ...L 1A Set the corresponding L distance 31 L 32 ...L 3C Distance is sufficient.

[0080] For example, as shown in Figures 7 and 8, in this embodiment, there are two clearance grooves C2 that serve as the trigger part 15 (C=2), and four extrusion assembly 12 and its switching part 13 (A+B=4, A=B=2).

[0081] The lines connecting the two clearance slots C2 to the rotation center D1 of the movable part 14 are not collinear and their lengths are unequal. For example, the length of the line connecting the center D2 of one clearance slot C2 to the rotation center D1 of the movable part 14 is r1, and the length of the line connecting the center D3 of the other clearance slot C2 to the rotation center D1 of the movable part 14 is r2, where r2 > r1. The included angle α1 between the lines connecting the centers of the two clearance slots C2 and the rotation center D1 of the movable part 14 can be set as needed, for example, to 90°.

[0082] There are four extrusion assemblies 12. The balls 24 of the switching parts 13 of the four extrusion assemblies 12 are arranged in a row along the first direction Y1, and the line connecting the centers of the four balls 24 passes through the rotation center D1 of the movable member 14. The balls 24 of the switching parts 13 of the two middle extrusion assemblies 12 are respectively located on the rotation path of the clearance groove C2 with a shorter connecting line length, and the two are set at a 180° angle relative to the rotation center D1 of the movable member 14; the balls 24 of the two outer extrusion assemblies 12 are respectively located on the rotation path of the clearance groove C2 with a longer connecting line length, and the two are set at a 180° angle relative to the rotation center D1 of the movable member 14.

[0083] Thus, each time the movable part 14 rotates 90°, different extrusion components 12 can be switched to the working state.

[0084] For example, in the state shown in Figure 10, the rightmost ball 24 corresponds to the outer clearance groove C2. Thus, the extrusion assembly 12 corresponding to this ball 24 can be displaced closer to the movable member 14 under the action of the elastic member 19, thereby bringing the driven extrusion wheel 22 of the extrusion assembly 12 closer to the active extrusion wheel 18, realizing the extrusion of consumable 800. The other three balls 24 are limited and kept in their original positions by the abutment surface P5 of the movable member 14, and their driven extrusion wheels 22 and active extrusion wheels 18 are too far apart to extrude consumable 800.

[0085] Based on the state shown in Figure 10, if the movable part 14 rotates counterclockwise by 90°, the rightmost ball 24 rolls out of the outer clearance groove C2 and abuts against the abutting surface P5 of the movable part 14, causing the corresponding extrusion assembly 12 to retract, thereby separating its driven extrusion wheel 22 from the active extrusion wheel 18, preventing the consumable 800 from being extruded. At the same time, the second ball 24 on the right rolls into the inner clearance groove C2, and the extrusion assembly 12 corresponding to this ball 24 can be pushed by the elastic member 19 along the second direction Y2 towards the movable part 14, so that the driven extrusion wheel 22 of the extrusion assembly 12 cooperates with the active extrusion wheel 18 to extrude the consumable 800. Continuing to rotate 90° will switch the other extrusion assemblies 12 to the working state.

[0086] In this embodiment, the movable part 14 can rotate counterclockwise or clockwise, both of which can achieve the switching of the extrusion assembly 12.

[0087] In other embodiments, the included angle required for the movable member 14 to switch the extrusion assembly 12 can be other angles, such as 60°, 45°, etc., in which case a single switching member can switch more extrusion assemblies 12.

[0088] In other embodiments, the rotation angle required to switch between different extrusion components 12 can be either evenly distributed or non-evenly distributed, and no limitation is made here.

[0089] In this embodiment, only a single rotatable movable part 14 is needed to switch between multiple extrusion components 12, thereby enabling the extrusion of various consumables 800. The structure is compact and reasonable, and the operation is convenient.

[0090] Referring again to Figures 2-6, in this embodiment, the mounting frame 16 is shell-shaped, including a top wall 26 and a bottom wall 27 spaced apart along a third direction Y3, a front wall 28 and a rear wall 29 spaced apart along a second direction Y2, and a left wall 30 and a right wall 31 spaced apart along a first direction Y1. These six walls together form the internal space Q1 of the mounting frame 16. Each extrusion assembly 12 is slidably mounted in the internal space Q1.

[0091] Optionally, in this embodiment, the top wall 26, bottom wall 27, left wall 30 and rear wall 29 are integrally designed to form the main frame 32, and the front wall 28 and right wall 31 are integrally designed to form an L-shaped cover 33. The cover 33 and the main frame 32 are detachably connected by screws or other structures.

[0092] The two ends of the active extrusion wheel 18 can be rotatably disposed on the left wall 30 and the right wall 31 respectively. The first drive member 17 can be installed on the outer surface of the left wall 30 and connected to the active extrusion wheel 18 through the hole in the rear wall 29 of the left wall 30.

[0093] The movable component 14 is rotatably mounted on the inner side of the front wall 28 via the bearing 34. A second drive component 41 (such as a motor) is mounted on the outer surface of the front wall 28 and passes through the front wall 28 to connect to the movable component 14, thereby driving the movable component 14 to rotate.

[0094] The top wall 26 has a first opening K2, and the upper end of the extrusion channel T1 of each extrusion component 12 corresponds to the first opening K2, so that the consumable 800 enters the extrusion channel T1 from the first opening K2.

[0095] The bottom wall 27 has a second opening K3, and the lower end of the extrusion channel T1 of each extrusion assembly 12 corresponds to the second opening K3, so that the consumable 800 is extruded from the extrusion channel T1 and passes out of the mounting frame 16 through the second opening K3.

[0096] As shown in Figures 3-6, in this embodiment, the extrusion portion 110 further includes an adapter frame 35. The top end of the adapter frame 35 is located within the second opening K3, and the portion of the adapter frame 35 located within the second opening K3 is connected to the mounting frame 16.

[0097] The adapter frame 35 is provided with multiple material guide channels T3, and the inlets of the multiple material guide channels T3 are respectively connected to the outlets of the extrusion channels T1 of the multiple extrusion components 12. The outlets of the material guide channels T3 are used to connect to the nozzle section 120.

[0098] In this embodiment, the material guiding channel T3 can be a channel extending in a straight line or a channel including a curved portion.

[0099] Multiple material guide channels T3 are arranged in a row along the first direction Y1 on their inlet side, but are staggered along the second direction Y2 on their outlet side. On the outlet side, the four material guide channels T3 are spaced apart along the first direction Y1, with the first and third material guide channels T3 staggered from the second and fourth material guide channels T3 by a certain distance along the second direction Y2. This arrangement allows for the convenient provision of an enlarged orifice K4 with a diameter relatively larger than that of the material guide channel T3 on the outlet side. The enlarged orifice K4 is used to connect to the pipe connector 36, which is used to connect to the consumable tube 140, which is used to connect to the nozzle section 120.

[0100] By using the aforementioned staggered arrangement, the enlarged hole K4 can have a larger diameter, thus accommodating larger-sized pipe fittings 36. However, for the arrangement where the pipes are still arranged in a row along the first direction Y1 on the outlet side, the diameter of the enlarged hole K4 can only be limited to a smaller size; otherwise, the various consumable pipes 800 installed on the enlarged hole K4 may interfere with each other.

[0101] To achieve the aforementioned staggered design, the two adjacent guide channels T3 along the first direction Y1 are deflected in opposite directions. As shown in Figure 3, the guide channel T3 deflects to the right, while the guide channel T3 adjacent to the guide channel T3 shown in Figure 3 deflects to the left.

[0102] Referring again to Figures 3 and 6, in this embodiment, the adapter 35 is also connected to a detection component 37, which includes a detection circuit board 38 and a plurality of detection switches 39 mounted on the detection circuit board 38.

[0103] The outer side of the adapter frame 35 has a side hole K5 that extends to the material guide channel T3. A detection circuit board 38 is mounted on the outer side of the adapter frame 35, and a detection switch 39 extends into the side hole K5. A steel ball 40 is also provided at the connection between the side hole K5 and the material guide channel T3. When there is consumable 800 in the material guide channel T3, the consumable 800 pushes the steel ball 40 laterally, causing the steel ball 40 to press against the detection switch 39, which is then detected by the detection switch 39. In this way, the detection switch 39 can sense whether consumable 800 has entered the material guide channel T3.

[0104] In other embodiments, the aforementioned adapter frame 35 may be omitted, and the bottom wall 27 of the mounting frame 16 may be directly overlapped and connected to the nozzle portion 120. In this case, the pipe connector 36 and the consumable pipe 140 may also be omitted.

[0105] The nozzle portion 120 provided in the embodiments of this application is described below with reference to Figures 11-16.

[0106] The nozzle portion 120 provided in this embodiment includes a mounting frame 50, a pusher 51, and multiple nozzle assemblies 52. The multiple nozzle assemblies 52 are movably mounted on the mounting frame 50 along the Z-direction. The multiple nozzle assemblies 52 can be distributed within the XY plane. The pusher 51 is slidably disposed on the mounting frame 50 along the X-direction, and the multiple nozzle assemblies 52 abut against different positions of the pusher 51 along the Z-direction. Optionally, each nozzle assembly 52 can be elastically supported upwards along the Z-direction by an elastic support member (such as a spring, a spring sheet, etc.) below the pusher 51.

[0107] In this embodiment, the number of nozzle assemblies 52 can be set to be equal to the number of extrusion assemblies 12. For example, as shown in the figure, the number of nozzle assemblies 52 is four, which is equal to the number of extrusion assemblies 12. Each nozzle assembly 52 has an ejection channel T2, and the ejection channels T2 of the multiple nozzle assemblies 52 are respectively connected to the extrusion channels T1 of the multiple extrusion assemblies 12. Thus, the consumables extruded by each extrusion assembly 12 can enter the ejection channel T2 of the nozzle assembly 52 one-to-one, thereby enabling the ejection of different consumables. The ejection channel T2 can be directly connected to the extrusion channel T1 along the Z-direction.

[0108] Each printhead assembly 52 has a standby position and a printing position. In this embodiment, the lower position along the Z-axis is the printing position, and the upper position along the Z-axis is the standby position.

[0109] As described above (see Figure 1), in this embodiment, the printhead device 100 is movably mounted along the X direction on the X-axis optical axis 400 of the frame 300 of the 3D printing equipment 1000.

[0110] When it is necessary to switch consumables, the printhead assembly 100 (including the printhead portion 120) can be displaced along the X-direction. After the printhead portion 120 is displaced until the pusher 51 abuts against one of the columns 311 and is limited by the column 311, the printhead portion 120 can continue to displace along the X-direction toward the column 311. At this time, although the pusher 51 is limited by the column 311 and cannot continue to move, the mounting bracket 50 of the printhead portion 120 and the multiple printhead assemblies 52 can continue to displace along the X-direction. Thus, the pusher 51 undergoes relative displacement along the X-direction relative to the printhead assembly 52 and the mounting bracket 50. That is, by controlling the displacement of the printhead portion 120 along the X-direction, the relative displacement of the pusher 51 relative to the mounting bracket 50 and the printhead assembly 52 in the X-direction can be controlled. Under different relative displacements, the pusher 51 can push different printhead assemblies 52 to the printing position along the Z-direction.

[0111] In this embodiment, a roller 54 is provided on the side of the nozzle assembly 52 near the pusher 51; there are four nozzle assemblies 52 in total, and the rollers 54 of the four nozzle assemblies 52 are arranged in a rectangular distribution, that is, in a two-row, two-column configuration. The rotation axis of the rollers 54 is along the Y direction.

[0112] The pusher 51 includes two push bars 55 and two connecting bars 56. The push bars 55 extend along the X direction, and the connecting bars 56 extend along the Y direction. The two connecting bars 56 are respectively connected to the two ends of the two push bars 55, and the two connecting bars 56 and the two push bars 55 are connected to form a rectangular frame structure of the pusher 51.

[0113] Each push bar 55 engages with the rollers 54 of the two nozzle assemblies 52. Thus, when the pusher 51 is displaced relative to the nozzle assembly 52 in the X direction, the rollers 54 roll relative to the push bar 55 to different positions in the X direction.

[0114] In this embodiment, each pusher bar 55 has a base surface P1 facing the roller 54 along the Z direction. The pusher bar 55 protrudes from the base surface P1 toward the roller 54 to form two spaced-apart convex surfaces P2. The four convex surfaces P2 of the two pusher bars 55 are spaced apart along the X direction. Optionally, the pusher bar 55 also includes a slope surface P3, which transitionally connects the convex surfaces P2 and the base surface P1, so that when the pusher bar 55 is displaced relative to the fixed frame 50, the roller 54 rolls between the base surface P1 and the convex surfaces P2. Optionally, the slope surface P3 can be an inclined plane, or an arc or S-shaped arc surface. In this way, when the pusher 51 undergoes relative displacement, some rollers 54 can smoothly roll from the convex surface P2 across the slope surface P3 to the base surface P1, or they can smoothly roll from the base surface P1 across the slope surface P3 to the convex surface P2, thereby realizing the switching of the printhead assembly 52 between the printing position and the standby position.

[0115] In this embodiment, the two convex surfaces P2 of one pusher bar 55 are located at its longitudinal ends, and the base surface P1 of the pusher bar 55 is located between the two convex surfaces P2. The base surface P1 and the two convex surfaces P2 are connected by a slope surface P3. The two convex surfaces P2 of the other pusher bar 55 are located at the middle position along its longitudinal direction, so that the four convex surfaces P2 are all spaced apart in the X direction. As the pusher 51 moves to different positions relative to the fixed frame 50 in the X direction, the different convex surfaces P2 abut against the rollers 54 of the corresponding printhead assembly 52 to push the printhead assembly 52 downward in the Z direction to the printing position. The rollers 54 of the remaining printhead assemblies 52 abut against the base surface P1 of the corresponding pusher bar 55, so that the corresponding printhead assembly 52 is in the standby position.

[0116] In this embodiment, since the convex surfaces P2 are arranged at intervals along the X direction, only one printhead assembly 52 is in the printing position at any given time, while the other printhead assemblies 52 are in the standby position. Of course, in other embodiments, multiple printhead assemblies 52 can also be arranged in the printing position simultaneously. In this case, the arrangement position of the convex surfaces P2 can be adjusted appropriately as needed.

[0117] In this embodiment, the nozzle assembly 52 is slidably fitted to the fixing frame 50 along the Z direction. In other embodiments, the sliding direction of the nozzle assembly 52 may be located between the Z and X directions, and its specific sliding direction can be adjusted according to actual needs. This embodiment does not specifically limit it.

[0118] The working process of the nozzle section 120 switching nozzle assembly 52 in this embodiment is described below by way of example.

[0119] For ease of description, see Figures 12 and 13. The two convex surfaces P2 on one of the push bars 55 are defined as the first convex surface P21 and the second convex surface P22, respectively, and the two convex surfaces P2 on the other push bar 55 are defined as the third convex surface P23 and the fourth convex surface P24, respectively.

[0120] As shown in Figure 13, the first convex surface P21 of the pusher 51 abuts against the roller 54 of one of the printhead assemblies 52, which is located in a downward printing position along the Z direction, while the rollers 54 of the other printhead assemblies 52 abut against the base surface P1, thus being in a higher standby position. In this state, the printhead portion 120 moves to the right along the X direction until the pusher 51 contacts the right-side column 311. The printhead portion 120 continues to move to the right along the X direction, causing the mounting bracket 50 and multiple printhead assemblies 52 to move to the right relative to the pusher 51 along the X direction. This is manifested in the rollers 54 of each printhead assembly 52 rolling to the right relative to the pusher 51 along the X direction. This allows the rollers 54 of the printhead assembly 52 in the printing position (as shown in Figure 13) to roll to the position abutting the base surface P1, thus moving that printhead assembly 52 to the standby position. The rollers 54 of another printhead assembly 52 roll to the corresponding rightmost second convex surface P22, moving that printhead assembly 52 to the printing position. This allows for switching between different printhead assemblies 52 to the printing position.

[0121] Referring to the above process, different displacements of the nozzle section 120 along the X direction can be achieved by sequentially switching between different nozzle assemblies 52.

[0122] To enable switching between any nozzle assembly 52, it may be necessary for the pusher 51 to collide with the corresponding column 311 of the two columns 311 according to the required displacement direction.

[0123] In this embodiment, by designing multiple convex surfaces P2 spaced apart along the X direction, the pusher 51, which can only move in the X direction, can switch between multiple printhead assemblies 52 distributed in a matrix in the X and Y directions. This facilitates the compact arrangement of multiple printhead assemblies 52 and avoids the printhead section 120 being too large along the arrangement direction due to multiple printhead assemblies 52 arranged in a single row. Furthermore, the pusher 51 arranged in this manner can switch the printhead assemblies 52 by colliding with the column 311 of the gantry, realizing the individual switching action of the four printhead assemblies 52 between the printing position and the standby position. There is no need to set up additional drive structures such as motors, which simplifies the structure and saves the cost of the printhead device 100, resulting in good economic benefits.

[0124] In this embodiment, referring to Figures 13 and 14, the mounting bracket 50 includes a bottom wall 64, a top wall 65, and two side walls 66. The bottom wall 64 and the top wall 65 are spaced apart along the Z direction, and the two side walls 66 are spaced apart along the Y direction. The two ends of the two side walls 66 are respectively connected to the bottom wall 64 and the top wall 65. The pushing member 51 is slidably disposed on the side of the top wall 65 facing the bottom wall 64 along a first direction. Multiple printhead assemblies 52 are arranged in a rectangular array between the two side walls 66. The bottom wall 64 is provided with multiple clearance holes K7, each corresponding to a multiple printhead assembly 52, so that the pushing member 51 can push the selected printhead assembly 52 out of the clearance hole K7 to extend to the outside of the bottom wall 64 and enter the printing position. The other printhead assemblies 52 remain between the top wall 65 and the bottom wall 64 and remain in the standby position.

[0125] Optionally, referring to Figures 13 to 15, the fixing frame 50 also includes several guide blocks 68. The guide blocks 68 are provided with guide holes K8, which are arranged through the Z direction. The nozzle assembly 52 is slidably fitted into the guide hole K8 in the Z direction, so that the nozzle assembly 52 moves more accurately in the Z direction under the drive of the pusher 51, thereby improving the accuracy of the selected nozzle assembly 52 entering the printing position and improving the printing accuracy.

[0126] Optionally, in this embodiment, two guide blocks 68 are provided, and the two guide blocks 68 are spaced apart along the X direction on the bottom wall 64. Each guide block 68 has two guide holes K8 distributed along the Y direction.

[0127] Optionally, referring to Figures 14 and 15, the nozzle assembly 52 includes a sliding part 70, and the top wall 65 is further provided with a guide part 71. The guide part 71 is provided with a guide groove C4. The sliding part 70 is slidably fitted in the guide groove C4 along the Z direction. The cooperation between the guide groove C4 and the sliding part 70 can guide the nozzle assembly 52 in the Z direction and limit the nozzle assembly 52 in the X direction to ensure that the nozzle assembly 52 will not move along the X direction under the drive of the pusher 51.

[0128] Referring to Figure 15, the guide part 71 includes a guide protrusion 73 and a baffle 74. The guide groove C4 is provided on the guide protrusion 73, and the guide groove C4 has an opening on one side in the X direction and the Z direction. The baffle 74 covers the opening of the guide groove C4 in the X direction. In this way, the baffle 74 can play a blocking and limiting role in the X direction.

[0129] Optionally, referring to Figures 13 and 14, the mounting bracket 50 also includes a feed connector 75, which is fixedly disposed on the top wall 65 to guide the consumable through the top wall 65 and into the spray channel T2 of the nozzle assembly 52.

[0130] In this embodiment, referring to Figure 16, the nozzle assembly 52 includes a nozzle support 76, a heat-conducting pipe 77, a heating pipe 78, and a nozzle 79. One end of the nozzle support 76 along the Z-direction engages with a pusher 51, and the other end is connected to the heat-conducting pipe 77. The nozzle support 76 has a first channel, and the heat-conducting pipe 77 has a second channel. The first channel and the second channel communicate to form an ejection channel T2. The nozzle 79 is connected to the end of the heat-conducting pipe 77 opposite to the nozzle support 76 and communicates with the second channel. The heating pipe 78 is sleeved on the outside of the heat-conducting pipe 77 and is used to heat the heat-conducting pipe 77, thereby heating the consumable material in the second channel to melt it and extrude it from the nozzle 79.

[0131] Optionally, referring to Figure 16, a sliding part 70 is provided on the top of the nozzle bracket 76. A roller 54 is rotatably connected to the top of the nozzle bracket 76.

[0132] Optionally, referring to Figure 16, the side of the printhead bracket 76 is provided with heat dissipation fins 80 to achieve heat dissipation, ensure that the consumables in the first channel do not melt and clog, and ensure smooth printing.

[0133] Optionally, referring to Figure 16, the nozzle assembly 52 also includes a heat insulation sleeve 81. The heat insulation sleeve 81 is fitted on the outside of the heat-conducting pipe 77 to improve the heat insulation effect of the nozzle assembly 52, reduce the cooling rate of consumables, and ensure that consumables are not blocked at the nozzle 79.

[0134] Optionally, referring to Figure 16, the nozzle assembly 52 also includes a throat 86, one end of which extends into the first channel and the other end into the second channel, serving as a heat insulation effect to ensure that the consumables in the first channel do not melt and become blocked.

[0135] Optionally, referring to Figure 16, the nozzle assembly 52 also includes an isolation column 82, which is supported between the heat pipe 77 and the nozzle bracket 76.

[0136] Referring to Figures 14 and 15, in this embodiment, the nozzle part 120 further includes a guide plate 83, which is connected to the fixing frame 50 and located at one end of the outlet of the spray channel T2 of the nozzle assembly 52; the guide plate 83 has a plurality of guide holes K9 on the side facing the nozzle assembly 52, and the guide holes K9 are conical.

[0137] The nozzle 79 of the printhead assembly 52 is located at the outlet end of the ejection channel T2. The nozzle 79 is tapered to fit the guide hole K9 so that the guide hole K9 guides the position of the nozzle 79 during the process of the printhead assembly 52 moving along the Z direction to the printing position.

[0138] The nozzle 79 of the printhead assembly 52 is guided by the guide hole K9, so that the distance between the nozzle 79 and the printing platform 200 and the projection position of the nozzle 79 on the printing platform 200 are more in line with the set requirements. This helps to ensure the printing accuracy of the printhead device 100, and also saves the leveling steps and improves the printing efficiency.

[0139] In the foregoing embodiments, the extrusion portion 110 and the nozzle portion 120 of the printhead device 100 are a proximal extrusion scheme that is fixed to each other and moves synchronously along the X direction.

[0140] In the 3D printing equipment 1000a shown in Figure 17, the print head assembly 100 adopts a remote extrusion scheme. In the print head assembly 100, the nozzle part 120 is movably disposed along the X-axis optical axis 400, while the extrusion part 110 is fixedly disposed relative to the X-axis optical axis 400 of the gantry 310 slidably disposed along the Z-axis of the frame 300 (for example, fixed on the connecting part at the long end of the X-axis optical axis 400). The material guide channel T3 of the extrusion part 110 and the ejection channel T2 of the nozzle part 120 are connected by a consumable tube 140, which can be a Teflon tube.

[0141] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application and are not intended to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions to the technical solutions of this application should not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of this application.

Claims

1. A printhead device, characterized by, Comprising: an extrusion portion, the extrusion portion comprising a switching assembly and a plurality of extrusion assemblies, the extrusion assemblies having an extrusion channel and a switch portion; the switch portion being triggered to enable the corresponding extrusion assembly to extrude a consumable from the extrusion channel; the switching assembly comprising a movable member rotatable by a driving force, the movable member having a trigger portion, a plurality of the switch portions respectively corresponding to different positions on a rotation path of the trigger portion to enable a plurality of the switch portions to be triggered when the movable member is rotated to different angles; a nozzle portion movably arranged along an X direction; the nozzle portion comprising a fixed frame, a pushing member and a plurality of nozzle assemblies; the nozzle assemblies having a nozzle channel, a plurality of the nozzle channels of the nozzle assemblies respectively corresponding to a plurality of the extrusion channels of the extrusion assemblies; the pushing member movably mounted to the fixed frame along the X direction; a plurality of the nozzle assemblies movably mounted to the fixed frame along a Z direction, a plurality of the nozzle assemblies respectively abutting against different positions of the pushing member along the Z direction; after the nozzle portion is displaced along the X direction to a position where the pushing member is limited, the nozzle portion continues to be displaced along the X direction to enable the fixed frame and a plurality of the nozzle assemblies to be relatively displaced along the X direction relative to the pushing member to enable the pushing member to push the nozzle assembly corresponding to a selected extrusion assembly to be displaced along the Z direction to a printing position.

2. The printing head device according to claim 1, wherein: the extrusion portion further comprises a mounting frame, a first driving member, a driving extrusion wheel and a plurality of elastic members; the first driving member being drivingly connected to the driving extrusion wheel for rotating the driving extrusion wheel; a plurality of the extrusion assemblies are sequentially arranged along a first direction, and each of the extrusion assemblies is movably connected to the mounting frame along a second direction; the extrusion assembly comprises a support and a driven extrusion wheel, the support being provided with the extrusion channel, the driven extrusion wheel being rotatably mounted to the support and located at one side of the extrusion channel, the driving extrusion wheel being located at the other side of the extrusion channel; the trigger portion is eccentrically arranged relative to a rotation center of the movable member, the movable member has an abutting surface, the trigger portion is a recessed groove recessed from the abutting surface, a plurality of the elastic members elastically abut a plurality of the extrusion assemblies on one side of the abutting surface of the movable member along the second direction, and when the movable member is rotated to enable the switch portion of the selected extrusion assembly to correspond to the recessed groove along the second direction, the elastic member drives the driven extrusion wheel of the corresponding extrusion assembly to approach the driving extrusion wheel and jointly extrude a consumable passing through the extrusion channel with the driving extrusion wheel, wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

3. The printing head device according to claim 2, wherein: The bracket is provided with a through hole penetrating along the first direction, the through holes of the brackets of the plurality of extrusion assemblies are communicated along the first direction, the driving extrusion wheel is rotatably arranged in the plurality of through holes for cooperating with the plurality of driven extrusion wheels respectively; the size of the through hole is larger than that of the driving extrusion wheel, so as to allow the bracket to be displaced along the second direction relative to the driving extrusion wheel.

4. The print head device of claim 2, wherein: the avoiding slot is a conical slot with a large outer diameter and a small inner diameter; the bracket is recessed with a receiving slot on the side facing the movable member; the switch part includes a ball and a stop column, the ball is supported in the receiving slot by the stop column, the ball partially protrudes out of the bracket, and the ball is located on the rotating path of the avoiding slot, so that when the movable member rotates to any of the nozzle assemblies, the ball in the second direction corresponds to the avoiding slot, the elastic member pushes the corresponding nozzle assembly to displace along the second direction to the side close to the movable member to the position where the ball abuts against the bottom surface of the receiving slot, so that the driven extrusion wheel is close to the driving extrusion wheel to cooperate with the extrusion of the consumable.

5. The print head device of claim 2, wherein: the mounting frame is provided with a sliding groove extending along the second direction, and the bracket is provided with a sliding convex strip extending along the second direction, the sliding convex strip being slidably fitted in the sliding groove.

6. The print head device of claim 2, wherein: the surface of the bracket on the thickness direction side is recessed with a mounting slot, and the mounting slot is laterally communicated with the extrusion channel; the bottom surface of the mounting slot is convexly provided with a shaft part; the driven extrusion wheel is mounted on the shaft part and rotatably accommodated in the mounting slot.

7. The print head device of claim 2, wherein: the mounting frame includes a top wall, a bottom wall, a front wall, a rear wall, a left wall and a right wall; the top wall and the bottom wall are spaced apart in a third direction, the front wall and the rear wall are spaced apart in the second direction, and the left wall and the right wall are spaced apart in the first direction; the top wall, the bottom wall, the front wall, the rear wall, the left wall and the right wall together enclose an internal space of the mounting frame; each of the extrusion assemblies is slidably mounted in the internal space; wherein the third direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and the third direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

8. The print head device of claim 7, wherein: the top wall, the bottom wall, the left wall and the rear wall are integrally designed to form a main frame, and the front wall and the right wall are integrally designed to form an L-shaped cover, the cover and the main frame are detachably connected.

9. The print head device of claim 8, wherein: the two ends of the driving extrusion wheel are rotatably arranged in the left wall and the right wall respectively, the first driving member is mounted on the outer surface of the left wall and connected to the driving extrusion wheel through the hole of the left wall and the rear wall. A second driving member is mounted on the outer surface of the front wall and connects the movable member through the front wall for driving the movable member to rotate; The top wall is provided with a first opening, and the upper ends of the extrusion channels of the extrusion assemblies correspond to the first opening respectively, so that the consumables can enter the extrusion channels from the first opening; The bottom wall is provided with a second opening, and the lower ends of the extrusion channels of the extrusion assemblies correspond to the second opening respectively, so that the consumables can be extruded from the extrusion channels and then pass out of the mounting frame from the second opening.

10. The print head device of claim 2, wherein: The extrusion part further comprises an adapter frame, and a top end of the adapter frame is connected to the mounting frame; The adapter frame is provided with a plurality of material guide channels, and the entrances of the material guide channels correspond to the exits of the extrusion channels of the extrusion assemblies respectively; and the exits of the material guide channels are connected to the nozzle part.

11. The print head device of claim 10, wherein: The material guide channel is a channel comprising a curved portion.

12. The print head device of claim 11, wherein: The entrances of the plurality of material guide channels are arranged in a row along the first direction, and the exits of the plurality of material guide channels are staggered along the second direction.

13. The print head device of claim 12, wherein: At the exit side, four of the material guide channels are spaced apart along the first direction, and along the first direction, the first and third material guide channels are staggered along the second direction with the second and fourth material guide channels.

14. The print head device of claim 11, wherein: The adapter frame is further connected with a detection assembly, and the detection assembly comprises a detection circuit board and a plurality of detection switches mounted on the detection circuit board; The outer side of the adapter frame is provided with a side hole penetrating into the material guide channel, the detection circuit board is mounted on the outer side of the adapter frame, and the detection switches extend into the side hole; The side hole and the material guide channel are provided with a steel ball at the connection position, and when there is a consumable in the material guide channel, the consumable pushes the steel ball laterally, so that the steel ball presses the detection switch and is sensed by the detection switch.

15. The print head device of claim 1, wherein: The number of the trigger parts is less than the number of the switch parts, and the extrusion assembly is configured such that each of the switch parts is located in the rotation path of at least one of the trigger parts of the movable member, and only one of the switch parts is located at the trigger part at the same time.

16. The print head device of claim 15, wherein: The trigger parts are two, and the line connecting the two trigger parts with the rotation center of the movable member is not collinear and the lengths of the two lines are different. The number of the extrusion assemblies is four, the switch parts of the four extrusion assemblies are arranged in a row along the first direction, and the switch parts of the two extrusion assemblies in the middle are respectively located on the rotation path of the trigger part with the smaller length of the connecting line, and the switch parts of the two extrusion assemblies on the outside are respectively located on the rotation path of the trigger part with the larger length of the connecting line.

17. The printhead device of claim 1, wherein: The side of the nozzle assembly close to the pusher is provided with a roller; the nozzle assembly has four in total, and the rollers of the four nozzle assemblies are distributed in a rectangle; The pusher comprises two pusher strips, and the pusher strips extend along the X direction; the pusher strips have base surfaces on the side facing the rollers along the Z direction, and the base surfaces are convex from the base surfaces to the side facing the rollers, forming two convex surfaces spaced from each other; The four convex surfaces are spaced along the X direction, and when the pusher is displaced to different positions relative to the mounting frame along the X direction, different convex surfaces abut against the rollers of the corresponding nozzle assemblies to push the corresponding nozzle assemblies to the printing position along the Z direction.

18. The printhead device of claim 17, wherein: The pusher strips further comprise slope surfaces, which are transitionally connected between the convex surfaces and the base surfaces, so that when the pusher strips are displaced relative to the mounting frame, the rollers roll between the base surfaces and the convex surfaces; The pusher comprises two connecting strips, which are respectively connected to the two ends of the two pusher strips, and the two connecting strips and the two pusher strips are connected to form a rectangular frame structure.

19. The printhead device of claim 1, wherein: The nozzle part further comprises a correction plate, which is connected to the fixed frame and located at the outlet end of the ejection channel of the nozzle assembly; one side of the correction plate facing the nozzle assembly is provided with a plurality of correction holes, which are conical; The nozzle assembly comprises a nozzle at the outlet end of the ejection channel, which is conical and adapted to the correction hole, so that during the displacement of the nozzle assembly to the printing position along the Z direction, the correction hole corrects the position of the nozzle.

20. A 3D printing device, characterized by Comprise: The frame comprises two upright columns arranged along the X direction; The X direction optical axis is connected between the two upright columns; The printhead device of any one of claims 1-19; The nozzle part is slidably mounted on the X direction optical axis along the X direction, and can be displaced so that the pusher is limited by the upright columns to relatively displace along the X direction relative to the fixed frame and the plurality of nozzle assemblies; the extrusion part is relatively fixed with the frame, or the extrusion part is relatively fixed with the nozzle part.

Images