System for reducing a release of ammonia for a ship, and related method

Abstract

The invention relates to a system (2) for reducing a release of ammonia for a ship (100), in particular for a ship (100) having a main engine (102) and / or an auxiliary engine (104) and / or an ammonia consumer, which can be operated with ammonia, having a separating container (6), which is fluidically connected to an emergency flushing device (8) of a main engine (102) and / or an auxiliary engine (104) and / or an ammonia consumer of the ship (100), having a collecting container (10), which is fluidically connected to a safety-valve collecting system (12) of the ship (100), wherein the safety-valve collecting system (12) is designed to collect and discharge streams of ammonia that occur when the safety valves open. The invention proposes an ammonia separation system (14), which is fluidically connected to the separating container (6) and the collecting container (10) and is designed to separate ammonia from the streams supplied.

Description

[0001] System for reducing the release of ammonia from a ship and related procedure

[0002] The invention relates to a system for reducing ammonia emissions from a ship, in particular a ship with a main engine and / or an auxiliary engine and / or an ammonia consumer, which can be operated with ammonia, comprising an ammonia separation system configured to separate ammonia from the streams supplied to the ammonia separation system. The ammonia consumer can be a fuel cell or a steam boiler, which can be operated with ammonia.

[0003] Ammonia separation systems, in the form of adsorbers, catalysts, absorbers, or gas scrubbers, are used to remove specific components from exhaust air or flue gases and are employed in a wide variety of technical applications. They primarily serve to reduce the pollutant load of air released from a system into the atmosphere to a level that meets legal requirements. They also serve to remove components from reactants that could potentially be problematic in subsequent processes or could even form pollutants.

[0004] The maritime industry is striving for the decarbonization of shipping due to climate targets set by international organizations. One means of achieving this is the use of alternative fuels that do not contain carbon, such as ammonia. Combustion engines and other ammonia consumers, such as steam boilers and fuel cells, which can be powered by ammonia in addition to conventional fuels, as well as associated ammonia fuel supply systems, are currently under development.

[0005] A major challenge in the use of ammonia is that it is toxic to organisms in higher concentrations and quantities. Since exposure to ammonia can have serious health consequences or even lead to death, when using ammonia propulsion systems and ammonia-consuming devices on board ships, it is essential to ensure that the ammonia concentration in the ship's working areas is strictly limited.

[0006] Limit values ​​and occupational safety standards are currently not uniformly defined internationally. However, the fundamental aim is to keep the ammonia fuel contained within the appropriate fuel supply system for the ship's main engine and / or auxiliary engine. Situations can arise, however, in which ammonia can escape into the atmosphere, thus posing a potential hazard to the people on board. One such hazard is the classic loss of integrity due to leaks, which are often difficult to control. For such leaks, so-called "spill collection systems" are installed, and the relevant compartments are ventilated. Furthermore, emergency purging systems are known to be used on board ships. These systems, among other things, largely remove ammonia from the consumer-side ammonia supply systems, particularly those outside the ship's fuel preparation room, by introducing inert gas in an emergency.Ammonia, which is removed during the purging processes of the piping and ammonia consumer system, is fed, for example, to an ammonia separation system. Two-stroke engines that operate on the liquid injection principle often require a recirculation system to fill and empty the supply system with liquid ammonia. These flows are fed to a recirculation tank and, where possible, returned to the ammonia consumer. Non-recirculating gas is fed to a separator tank. Depending on the engine design, a continuous recirculation flow is required for cooling and leak tightness; this flow is fed into the supply to the main and / or auxiliary engine and / or ammonia consumer. Similar systems are also known for safety valves to remove ammonia flows generated when the safety valves open and feed them into an ammonia separation system.Unlike the classic applications of ammonia capture systems, these processes are characterized by the fact that ammonia is produced in large quantities for short periods, either as pure gas or at high concentrations. Absorbers typically used in ammonia capture systems are generally not designed for such operation with highly fluctuating ammonia levels, or the systems would have to be dimensioned so large that this is neither feasible nor economical on board merchant ships.

[0007] It is therefore an object of the present invention to further develop a system for reducing ammonia emissions from a ship of the type mentioned above in such a way as to eliminate the disadvantages found in the prior art as far as possible. In particular, a system was to be provided which is designed to feed ammonia and ammonia mixtures from an emergency purging device and / or a recirculation system and a safety valve collection system to an ammonia separation system in an optimized manner, so that the latter can be operated with a largely constant ammonia volume flow and can be designed to be smaller and more cost-effective overall.

[0008] According to the invention, the problem is solved in a system of the type mentioned at the outset by the fact that it has a separator tank which is fluidly connected to an emergency purging device of a main engine and / or auxiliary engine and / or an ammonia consumer of the ship, a collection tank which is fluidly connected to a safety valve collection system of the ship, wherein the safety valve collection system is configured to collect and discharge ammonia flows generated when safety valves are opened, and wherein the ammonia separator system is fluidly connected to the separator tank and the collection tank.

[0009] The invention utilizes the understanding that the collection tank, which captures the ammonia flows generated when safety valves open, can buffer them to a certain extent. Since the release of the safety valves is always time-limited, this also allows the pressure in the release system to be controlled. The feed to the ammonia separation system can then be optimized, allowing the system to be smaller overall, as the collection tank provides a degree of intermediate buffering of the ammonia or ammonia mixture flows from the recirculation tank. The gas feed to the ammonia separation system is thus, in a sense, "smoothed out."This buffers peak volume flows, significantly reduces the quantities immediately occurring that are passed on to the ammonia separation system, and thus ensures that the ammonia separation system not only functions reliably, but can also be optimized in terms of system costs and dimensions.

[0010] A separator, which is fluid-conducting and connected to the emergency flushing system, collects the mixture of highly concentrated ammonia gas and liquid produced during flushing. The separated liquid is then returned to the return tank.

[0011] According to one embodiment, the system further comprises a return tank which is fluidly connected to the separator tank and is designed to receive liquid separated from the separator tank and supply it via a recirculation tank to the main engine, auxiliary engine, or ammonia consumer. In this way, the retention of ammonia fuel within the system can be maximized. In other words, the liquid ammonia discharged from the emergency purging system can first be separated in the separator tank and from there into the return tank, from where it is fed back into the fuel supply system and can be used as fuel for the main engine and / or auxiliary engine. This achieves two things. Firstly, ammonia is used efficiently and supplied to the ship's engines.Secondly, this results in less ammonia being released into the ammonia capture system, thus reducing its power requirements. This measure also reduces ammonia emissions into the atmosphere.

[0012] The return tank is preferably connected to the separator tank via a fluid line and a compensating line, the latter having a valve, in particular a controlled valve. According to one embodiment, the return tank is connected to a recirculation tank via a fluid line. The use of such a recirculation tank has proven advantageous for feeding the gas or gas mixture from the return tank to a recirculation stream of the main engine or auxiliary engine and from there to a corresponding fuel gas supply system of the ship.

[0013] The recirculation tank is designed to collect liquid ammonia and supply it to the ammonia consumers, as well as to return non-recirculating gas to the collection tank. According to one embodiment, the return tank is fluid-conducting and connected to an inert gas source or an ammonia gas source for supplying inert gas or gaseous ammonia to the return tank. The separated ammonia in the return tank is then returned to the recirculation tank via the inert gas or ammonia gas. For this purpose, the valves in the supply line and the equalization line are closed, and the outlet valve in the fluid line between the return line and the recirculation system is opened. The ammonia gas source provides so-called "hot gas" in the form of compressed ammonia gas, which can also be returned to the process via the recirculation tank. Alternatively, inert gas can be used, as described.Both gases enable the corresponding emptying or further transport of the fluid contained in the separation tank and / or the return tank.

[0014] According to one embodiment, the system includes a combustion unit connected to the collection container via a fluid line, the fluid line having a lockable valve for blocking or releasing fluid flow through the fluid line. In this way, ammonia gas, which cannot be stored or reused in the system, can be fed to a combustion unit and thus neutralized.

[0015] According to one embodiment, the collection tank has a pressure sensor configured to detect the fluid pressure within the tank. The system includes a control device designed to open the valve of the fluid line to the combustion unit when a certain initial pressure is exceeded in the collection tank. If the pressure in the collection tank rises above a specific level, i.e., an initial pressure, the excess ammonia or ammonia mixture is fed to a combustion unit for safe disposal. Alternatively, instead of using a pressure sensor and a corresponding control device, a pressure relief valve can also be used.

[0016] According to one embodiment, the control device is configured to open a valve in a fluid line to the ammonia separation system when a second pressure in the collection tank is exceeded, where the second pressure is greater than the first. In other words, an attempt can first be made to combust and thus dispose of excess ammonia. If this alone does not sufficiently reduce the pressure, ammonia streams can be fed into the ammonia separation system. The partial combustion of the ammonia reduces the amount of ammonia transmitted to the ammonia separation system, thereby optimizing the cost and size of the ammonia separation system as described.

[0017] According to one embodiment, the control device is configured to open a controlled valve on an outlet line to the outlet when a third pressure in the collection tank is exceeded, where the third pressure is greater than the second pressure. Should the pressure unexpectedly reach a third pressure value that is greater than the second value, a controlled valve is opened that directs the pressure via an outlet line directly to the outlet. This pressure level is an unexpectedly high pressure. The outlet flow is potentially further diluted before reaching the outlet by the addition of air from the ventilation device.

[0018] According to one embodiment, a cooling system can be assigned to the collection tank and / or separation tank, which is designed to cool the fluid contained in the respective tank. This maximizes the amount of ammonia that can be recovered. Collection tank

[0019] According to one embodiment, the ammonia separation system includes a gas absorber configured to dissolve ammonia into a liquid, optionally in that the gas absorber is designed as a combined absorption and adsorption system. The gas absorber performs a type of gas scrubbing. For this purpose, it is exposed to seawater or other water-based liquids, or to a water bath into which the ammonia-containing gaseous stream is introduced. This results in the formation of an aqueous solution containing the ammonia.

[0020] According to one embodiment, the ammonia separation system includes a ventilation device, in particular a fan or blower, wherein the ventilation device is configured to dilute the residual gas exiting the gas absorber and release it into the atmosphere. The ventilation device serves to dilute the residual gas exiting the separation system to an acceptable level to prevent health hazards. The diluted mixture has a significantly lower ammonia concentration and is safely released into the atmosphere at an outlet located at a high point. According to one embodiment, the gas absorber is traversed by a main water flow, wherein a volumetric flow rate of the main water flow is controlled depending on at least one of the following: pressure in the collection tank, gas switching of the main engine and / or auxiliary engine, and / or the ammonia consumer.In other words, the main water flow can be automatically activated when the process signals indicate a corresponding requirement, i.e., when a certain pressure in the collection tank is exceeded or a gas switchover of the main machine and / or auxiliary machine takes place.

[0021] According to one embodiment, the ammonia separation system comprises a batch-operated pre-absorber and a fluid-conducting continuous absorber system connected to it. In the batch-operated pre-absorber, ammonia is preferably physically dissolved in water. In the fluid-conducting continuous absorber system connected to it, purge gas streams and residual gas quantities from the pre-absorber are continuously purified to the prescribed limit values. According to one embodiment, the continuous absorber system can consist of a single separation stage. Alternatively, the continuous absorber system can consist of several separation stages.

[0022] A continuous absorber system is preferably associated with an absorber cooler. This serves to dissipate the heat of reaction generated.

[0023] According to one embodiment, a solution storage tank is connected to the continuous absorber system, which is designed to adjust the pH value of a liquid supplied from it. In this way, the required amount of fresh water for the system can be reduced by adjusting the pH value of the washing liquid with acid.

[0024] The invention has been described above with reference to a method. In a further aspect, the invention relates to a method for reducing the release of ammonia from a ship, in particular with a system according to one of the above embodiments.

[0025] The invention solves the problem described above with regard to the method by comprising the following steps: collecting an ammonia stream from an emergency purging device of a main engine and / or auxiliary engine and / or an ammonia consumer of a ship in a separator tank, collecting an ammonia stream from a safety valve collection system and / or a recirculation tank of the ship in a collection tank, feeding fluid streams from the separator tank and the collection tank to an ammonia separation system and separating ammonia in the ammonia separation system.

[0026] The method takes advantage of the same benefits and preferred embodiments as the system according to the invention, and vice versa. In this regard, reference is made to the above statements, and their content is hereby incorporated.

[0027] In summary, collecting and temporarily storing ammonia streams in a separator or collection tank buffers the immediate amount of ammonia generated in the system. Furthermore, the fuel's retention within the system can be maximized, and the immediate amount discharged to the ammonia separation system can be significantly reduced. Consequently, the ammonia separation system can be operated optimally, and its size and cost can be reduced.

[0028] The process is further developed by the following steps: determining the fluid pressure in the collection tank, and feeding the fluid from the collection tank to a combustion unit when a first pressure in the collection tank is exceeded. Thus, if the pressure in the collection tank rises above this first pressure, the excess ammonia is fed to a combustion unit and thereby safely neutralized.

[0029] According to one embodiment, the method is further developed by the following step: feeding the fluid from the collection tank to the ammonia separation system when a second pressure in the collection tank is exceeded, wherein the second pressure is greater than the first pressure. In the event that a further pressure increase occurs despite the feeding to the combustion unit, the gas flow is fed to the ammonia separation system. Overall, this reduces the total amount of gas directly fed to the ammonia separation system.

[0030] The process is further developed by the following step: The fluid is discharged from the collection tank into an outlet line when a third pressure in the collection tank is exceeded, where the third pressure is greater than the second pressure. Should the pressure unexpectedly reach a third pressure value greater than the second value, a controlled valve is opened, directing the pressure via an outlet line directly to the outlet. According to one embodiment, the water flowing from the gas absorber is discharged via a seacock and / or neutralized by adding an acid, concentrated and disposed of, and / or purified of ammonia via a thermal stripper, with the ammonia being fed back into the process.In this way, the outflowing water can either be safely disposed of, or the ammonia concentration can first be reduced, the ammonia can be reused in the process if necessary, and overall it can be ensured that the necessary limits regarding the release of ammonia into the atmosphere or water are met.

[0031] In another aspect, the invention relates to a ship with a main engine and / or an auxiliary engine and / or an ammonia consumer, all of which are operable with ammonia. The invention solves the aforementioned problem with respect to the ship by providing it with a system for reducing ammonia emissions according to one of the preceding embodiments. The ship also benefits from the same advantages and preferred embodiments as the system and method according to the invention, and vice versa. In this regard, reference is made to the above statements, and their content is hereby incorporated.

[0032] The invention is described in more detail below with reference to a preferred embodiment and the accompanying figures.

[0033] This shows:

[0034] Fig. 1a shows an embodiment of a system according to the invention for reducing the release of ammonia in a schematic representation;

[0035] Fig. 1b shows an alternative embodiment of a system according to the invention for reducing the release of ammonia in a schematic representation;

[0036] Fig. 1c shows an alternative embodiment of an ammonia separation system in a schematic representation; Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of a ship with a system according to the invention for reducing the release of ammonia;

[0037] Fig. 3 shows a block diagram of a method according to the invention.

[0038] Figure 1a shows a system 2 for reducing ammonia emissions. The system 2 includes an ammonia separation system 14. The ammonia separation system 14 is configured to separate ammonia from the streams supplied to it. Furthermore, the system 2 includes a separator tank 6, which is fluid-conducted to an emergency purging device 8 of a main engine 102 and / or auxiliary engine 104 of a ship 100 shown in Figure 2. The system 2 also includes a collection tank 10, which is fluid-conducted to a safety valve collection system 12 of the ship 100. The safety valve collection system 12 is configured to collect and discharge ammonia streams generated when safety valves are opened. The collection tank 10 is also connected to a recirculation tank 18.The ammonia separation system 14 is connected to the collection tank 10 via line 4 and to the separation tank 6 via line 48. The system 2 also includes a return tank 16. This is fluid-conductingly connected to the separation tank 6 via a line 50 and is designed to receive the liquid separated from the separation tank 6 and supply it to the main engine 102 or auxiliary engine 104, in the manner described in more detail below.

[0039] Line 50 is connected to a valve 60, which is configured to block or release the flow of fluid through line 50. The return tank 16 is connected to a recirculation tank 18 via a fluid line 22. The return tank 16 is also connected to an inert gas source or ammonia gas source 24 for supplying inert gas or ammonia to the return tank 16, whereby the separated ammonia in the return tank 16 is fed to the recirculation tank 18 by means of the inert gas or ammonia gas. In addition, the return tank 16 is connected to the separation tank 6 via line 52. A controlled valve 60 is also provided in the area of ​​fluid line 22 to open or close the line 22.

[0040] System 2 further comprises a combustion unit 26. This is connected to the collection tank 10 via a fluid line 28, to which a controlled valve 60 is assigned. The collection tank 10 has a pressure sensor 32, which is configured to sensing a fluid pressure p in the collection tank 10. System 2 further comprises a control unit 34, which is configured to open the controlled valve 60 of the fluid line 28 to the combustion unit 26 when a first pressure p1 (see Figure 3) in the collection tank 10 is exceeded. The control unit 34 is further configured to open a valve 20 of a fluid line 4 to the ammonia separation system 14 when a second pressure p2 (see also Figure 3) in the collection tank 10 is exceeded, wherein the second pressure p2 is greater than the first pressure p1.In the unlikely event that a third pressure p3 is exceeded in the collection tank, a valve 60 opens, directing the gas via the outlet line 58 to the outlet 46. Optionally, the gas is further diluted by the ventilation device 40 before being released to the atmosphere. A cooling system 36 is optionally assigned to the collection tank 10, which is designed to cool the fluid contained in the collection tank.

[0041] The ammonia separation system 14 includes a gas absorber 38. This absorber is designed to dissolve the ammonia gas supplied from the collection tank 10 and / or the separation tank 6 into a liquid. For this purpose, a main water stream 42 is supplied to the gas absorber, the supply being controllable via a valve 60. After enrichment with ammonia, the stream of water and ammonia can be discharged as an outlet stream 44, with a valve 60 again being provided to control the discharge. The ammonia separation system 14 includes a ventilation device 40, which is designed to dilute the residual gas exiting the gas absorber 38 and supply it via a fan line 54 to an outlet 46, from where it is released to the atmosphere. The main water flow 42, which flows through the gas absorber 38, is, for example,The operation of the recirculation tank 18 is controlled depending on the pressure p in the collection tank 10 or depending on a gas switchover of the main engine 102 and / or auxiliary engine 104. As described, fluid is supplied to the recirculation tank 18 from the return tank 16 via the fluid line 22. The recirculation tank 18 is also fluid-conductingly connected to a fuel gas supply system 64, which is designed to compress and process the fuel gas, in this case ammonia, so that it can be supplied to the main engine 102 and / or auxiliary engine 104 as fuel.

[0042] The recirculation tank 18 is further connected to the collection tank 10 via a line 56, which has a valve 60. Recirculated fuel gas, i.e., ammonia, is supplied to the recirculation tank 18 from a fuel gas recovery system 62. Alternatively, recirculated fuel gas can be supplied from the fuel gas recovery system

[0043] 62 can also be fed directly to the Fuelgas supply system 64.

[0044] Figure 1b shows a system 2 for reducing ammonia emissions. The system 2 includes an ammonia separation system 14. The ammonia separation system 14 is configured to separate ammonia from the streams supplied to it. Furthermore, the system 2 includes a separator tank 6, which is fluid-conducted to an emergency purging device 8 of a main engine 102 and / or auxiliary engine 104 of a ship 100 shown in Figure 2. The system 2 also includes a collection tank 10, which is fluid-conducted to a safety valve collection system 12 of the ship 100. The safety valve collection system 12 is configured to collect and discharge ammonia streams generated when safety valves are opened. The collection tank 10 is also connected to a recirculation tank 18.In contrast to the embodiment shown in Figure 1a, the ammonia separation system 14 is connected to the separation tank 6 exclusively via line 48. The collection tank 10 is connected to the separation tank 6 via lines 68 and 70. Collection tank 10 and separation tank 6 are thus connected in series.

[0045] Furthermore, system 2 is designed as explained with reference to Figure 1a.

[0046] The gas absorber 38 of the ammonia separation system 14 has a recirculation line 66 that connects an outlet of the gas absorber to the main water flow 42. This allows the main water flow to be recirculated or operated as a so-called bubble column and renewed depending on the concentration. Optionally, the absorption capacity can be improved by adjusting the pH value to a low level.

[0047] Figure 1c shows an alternative embodiment of an ammonia separation system 14. As also shown in Figures 1a and 1b, the ammonia separation system 14 is fluidly connected to the separation tank 6 via a line 48. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1c, the line 48 leads to a pre-absorber 72, also referred to as a Waterseal. This pre-absorber 72 operates discontinuously. Ammonia is physically dissolved in water within the pre-absorber 72. The pre-absorber 72 is connected to a water tank 76 via a drain line 74. Furthermore, the pre-absorber 72 can be cooled by means of a cooling line 78, which is connected to a seawater inlet 18 and a seawater outlet 82. The pre-absorber 72 is connected via lines 90, 96 and 92 to an absorber 99, also referred to as a scrubber. The absorber 99 is part of a continuous absorber system 97.This system is designed such that an outlet of the absorber 99 is connected to a circulation line 96 and, by means of at least one pump 95, directs the fluid into an absorber cooler 94 to cool it. The cooled fluid then returns to the absorber 99 via line 96. The continuous absorber system 97 continuously cleans all purge gas streams and residual gas quantities from the pre-absorber 72 to the prescribed limits. The continuous absorber system 97 can consist of a single separation stage, i.e., an absorber 99, as shown here, or alternatively of several separation stages. The absorber cooler 94 is connected to the seawater inlet 80 and seawater outlet 82 via a cooling line 78. The absorber 99 is connected to a solution storage tank 84 via a line 98. Acid can be supplied to the solution storage tank 84 via an acid supply 86 and water via a water supply 88.The required amount of fresh water for system 97 can thus be reduced by adjusting the pH value of the washing liquid with acid. As also described with reference to Figures 1a and 1b, the absorber 99 is connected to an outlet 46 via the fan line 54. Fresh air can be supplied to the mixture to be discharged by means of a ventilation device 40.

[0048] Figure 2 shows an example of a ship 100. The ship 100 has a main engine 102 and an auxiliary engine 104, which can be operated with ammonia. The main engine 102 and the auxiliary engine 104 have an emergency purging device 8, which in turn is fluidly connected to the system 2 according to the invention to reduce the release of ammonia. The ship's safety valve collection system 12 is also connected to the system 2. The system 2 is thus configured to receive ammonia flows from both the safety valve collection system 12 and the emergency purging device 8.

[0049] Figure 3 shows a block diagram of a method 200 for reducing ammonia release for a ship 100, in particular with a system 2 according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the method 200 comprises the steps: collecting 202 an ammonia stream from an emergency purge device 8 of a main engine 102 and / or auxiliary engine 104 of a ship 100 in a separator tank, collecting 204 an ammonia stream from a safety valve collection system 12 of the ship 100 in a collection tank 10, feeding 206 fluid streams from the separator tank 6 and the collection tank 10 to an ammonia separation system 14, separating 208 ammonia in the ammonia separation system 14, determining 210 a fluid pressure p in the collection tank 10, and feeding 212 the fluid from the Collection container 10 to a combustion device 26, when a first pressure p1 in the collection container 10 is exceeded,Supply 214 of the fluid from the collection tank 10 to the ammonia separation system 14 when a second pressure p2 in the collection tank 10 is exceeded, where the second pressure p2 is greater than the first pressure p1. In the unlikely event of a third pressure p3 being exceeded in the collection tank, a valve 60 is opened, which supplies the gas to the outlet 46 via the outlet line 58. It is potentially further diluted by the ventilation device 40 before being released to the atmosphere. The pressure p3 is greater than the pressure p2.

[0050] List of reference signs

[0051] 2. System for reducing ammonia release

[0052] 4 lines

[0053] 6 separator tanks

[0054] 8 Emergency flushing device

[0055] 10 collection containers

[0056] 12 Safety valve manifold system

[0057] 14 Ammonia separation system

[0058] 16 return containers

[0059] 18 recirculation tanks

[0060] 20 valve

[0061] 22 Fluid line between return tank and recirculation tank

[0062] 24 Inert gas source / ammonia gas source

[0063] 26 Combustion unit

[0064] 28 Fluid line

[0065] 30 lockable valve

[0066] 32 Pressure sensor of the collection container

[0067] 34 Control unit

[0068] 36 Cooling system

[0069] 38 gas absorbers

[0070] 40 Ventilation system

[0071] 42 Main water stream

[0072] 44 Output current gas absorber

[0073] 46 Outlet (“Vent”)

[0074] 48 Pipe between separator tank and ammonia separation system

[0075] 50 First line between return tank and separation tank

[0076] 52 Second line between return tank and separator tank

[0077] 54 fan cable

[0078] 56 Pipe between recirculation tank and collection tank

[0079] 58 Outlet pipe

[0080] 60 controlled valve

[0081] 62 Fuel gas recirculation system

[0082] 64 Fuel gas supply system

[0083] 66 Recirculation line

[0084] 68 Connecting line

[0085] 70 Separator tank feed line 72 Pre-absorber (Waterseal)

[0086] 74 Drain pipe

[0087] 76 Water tank

[0088] 78 Cooling line

[0089] 80 Seawater inlet

[0090] 82 Seawater outlet

[0091] 84 solution storage tank

[0092] 86 Acid intake

[0093] 88 Water supply

[0094] 90 connecting cable

[0095] 92 Absorber line

[0096] 94 absorption chillers

[0097] 95 pump

[0098] 96 Circulation line

[0099] 97 continuous absorber system

[0100] 98 Management

[0101] 99 Absorbers (Scrubbers)

[0102] 100 ships

[0103] 102 Main engine

[0104] 104 Auxiliary machine

[0105] 106 ammonia consumers (steam boilers, fuel cell systems)

[0106] 200 methods for reducing ammonia emissions from a ship

[0107] 202 Collecting an ammonia stream from an emergency flushing device

[0108] 204 Collecting an ammonia stream from a safety valve collection system

[0109] 206 Supplying fluid flows from the separation tank and the collection tank to an ammonia separation system

[0110] 208 Separation of ammonia in the ammonia separation system

[0111] 210 Determining the fluid pressure in the collection container

[0112] 212 Supplying the fluid to a combustion unit

[0113] 214 Supplying the fluid to the ammonia separation system

[0114] 216 Feeding the fluid from the collection tank to the ammonia

[0115] Separation system

[0116] P Fluid pressure p1 first fluid pressure

[0117] P2 second fluid pressure

[0118] P3 third fluid pressure

Claims

Claims 1. System (2) for reducing the release of ammonia for a ship (100), in particular for a ship (100) with a main engine (102) and / or an auxiliary engine (104) and / or an ammonia consumer which can be operated with ammonia, with - an ammonia separation system (14) which is configured to separate ammonia from the streams supplied to the ammonia separation system (14), characterized by - a separator tank (6) which is fluid-conductingly connected to an emergency flushing device (8) of a main engine (102) and / or auxiliary engine (104) and / or an ammonia consumer of the ship (100), - a collection tank (10) which is fluidly connected to a safety valve collection system (12) of the ship (100), wherein the safety valve collection system (12) is designed to collect and discharge ammonia flows generated when safety valves are opened, wherein the ammonia separation system (14) is fluidly connected to the separation tank (6) and the collection tank (10).

2. System (2) according to claim 1, wherein the system (2) further comprises a return container (16) which is fluidly connected to the separation container (6) and is configured to receive liquid separated from the separation container (6) and supply it to the main machine (102) or auxiliary machine (104) for the ammonia consumer.

3. System (2) according to claim 2, wherein the return container (16) is connected to a recirculation container (18) via a fluid line (22), wherein the recirculation container (18) is configured to collect liquid ammonia and supply it to the ammonia consumers and to supply non-recirculating gas to the collection container (10).

4. System (2) according to claim 3, wherein the return container (16) is fluidly connected to an inert gas source or an ammonia gas source (24) for supplying inert gas or ammonia gas to the return container (16), and wherein the separated ammonia is contained in the The return container (16) is supplied to the recirculation container (18) by means of inert gas or ammonia gas.

5. System (2) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a combustion device (26) which is connected to the collection container (10) via a fluid line (28), wherein the fluid line (28) has a valve (60) for blocking or releasing a fluid flow through the fluid line (28).

6. System (2) according to claim 5, wherein the collection container (10) has a pressure sensor (32) which is configured to sensing a fluid pressure (p) in the collection container (10), and wherein the system (2) has a control device (34) which is configured to open the valve (60) of the fluid line (28) to the combustion device (26) when a first pressure (p1) in the collection container (10) is exceeded.

7. System (2) according to claim 6, wherein the control device (34) is configured to open a valve (20) of a fluid line (4) to the ammonia separation system (14) when a second pressure (p2) in the collection container (10) is exceeded, wherein the second pressure (p2) is greater than the first pressure (p1).

8. System (2) according to claim 7, wherein the control device (34) is configured to open a controlled valve (60) of an outlet line (58) to an outlet (46) when a third pressure (p3) in the collection container (10) is exceeded, wherein the third pressure (p3) is greater than the second pressure (p2).

9. System (2) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a cooling system (36) is associated with the collection container (10) and / or the separation container (6), which is configured to cool the fluid contained in the collection container (10) and / or the separation container (6).

10. System (2) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the ammonia separation system (14) comprises a gas absorber (38) which is configured to dissolve the ammonia into a liquid, optionally, wherein the gas absorber (38) is configured as a combined absorption and adsorption system.

11. System (2) according to claim 10, wherein the ammonia separation system (14) comprises a ventilation device (40), in particular a fan or a blower, which is configured to dilute the residual gas exiting the gas absorber (38) and release it to the atmosphere.

12. System (2) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the ammonia separation system (14) comprises a discontinuously operated pre-absorber (72) and a fluid-conducting continuous absorber system (97) connected thereto.

13. System (2) according to claim 12, wherein the continuous absorber system (97) comprises one or more absorbers (99).

14. System (2) according to claim 12 or 13, wherein an absorber cooler (94) is associated with the continuous absorber system (97).

15. System (2) according to one of claims 12 to 14, wherein a solution storage tank (84) is connected to the continuous absorber system (97), which is configured to adjust the pH value of a liquid supplied therefrom.

16. System (2) according to one of claims 10 or 11, wherein the gas absorber (38) is through which a main water stream (42) flows, and wherein a volume flow of the main water stream (42) is controlled depending on at least one of the following: Pressure (p) in the collection tank (10), gas switching of the main engine (102) and / or auxiliary engine (104) and / or the ammonia consumer.

17. Method (200) for reducing the release of ammonia to a ship (100), in particular with a system (2) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the method (200) comprises the steps: Collecting (202) an ammonia stream from an emergency purging device (8) of a main engine (102) and / or auxiliary engine (104) and / or an ammonia consumer of a ship (100) in a separator tank (6); Collecting (204) an ammonia stream from a safety valve collection system (12) and / or a recirculation tank (18) of the ship (100) into a collection tank (10); Feeding (206) fluid streams from the separation tank (6) and the collection tank (10) to an ammonia separation system (14); Separation (208) of ammonia in the ammonia separation system (14).

18. Method (200) according to claim 17, comprising the steps: Determine (210) a fluid pressure (p) in the collection container (10); Supply (212) of the fluid from the collection container (10) to a combustion device (26) when a first pressure (p1) in the collection container (10) is exceeded.

19. Method (200) according to claim 18, comprising the step: Supply (214) of the fluid from the collection tank (10) to the ammonia separation system (14) when a second pressure (p2) in the collection tank (10) is exceeded, wherein the second pressure (p2) is greater than the first pressure (p1).

20. Method (200) according to claim 19, Draining the fluid from the collection container (10) into an outlet line (58) when a third pressure (p3) in the collection container (10) is exceeded, wherein the third pressure (p3) is greater than the second pressure (p2).

21. Method (200) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the water flowing from the gas absorber (38) is discharged via a sea valve and / or neutralized, concentrated and disposed of by adding an acid and / or purified of ammonia via, for example, a thermal stripper, wherein the ammonia is fed into the process.

22. Ship (100) with a main engine (102) and / or an auxiliary engine (104) and / or an ammonia consumer which are operable with ammonia, wherein the ship (100) has a system (2) for reducing a release of ammonia according to any one of claims 1 to 16.

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