Pesticidally active indazole compounds

Abstract

Compounds of formula (I) wherein the substituents are as defined in claim 1, and the agrochemically acceptable salts, stereoisomers, enantiomers, tautomers and N-oxides of those compounds, can be used as insecticides.

Description

109921 | 83176 FFPESTICIDALLY ACTIVE INDAZOLE COMPOUNDS TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present invention relates to pesticidally active indazole compounds, e.g. as active ingredients,which have pesticidal activity, in particular insecticidally active indazole compounds. The invention also relates to the preparation of these indazole compounds, to intermediates useful in the preparation of these indazole compounds, to the preparation of these intermediates, to agrochemical compositions which comprise at least one of these indazole compounds, to preparation of these compositions and to the use of these indazole compounds or compositions in agriculture or horticulture, for controlling animal pests, including arthropods, and in particular insects or representatives of the order Acarina. BACKGROUND

[0002] WO 2023 / 037249, WO 2023 / 285175, WO 2022 / 157188 and WO 2019 / 197468 describe certain fusedheterobicyclic carboxamide derivatives with pesticidal activity. Conversely, certain 1H-indazole-4-carboxamidederivatives were disclosed as RORγt inhibitors (WO 2018 / 181456) or as CCR1 receptor antagonists (WO2011 / 049917, WO 2009 / 134666). WO 2021 / 069567, WO 2021 / 069575, WO 2019 / 201835, and WO2019 / 197468 describe some heteroaryI-triazole and heteroaryI- pyrazine compounds as pesticides. WO2025 / 045835, WO 2025 / 045837 and WO 2025 / 045838 also disclose heteroaryI-triazole and heteroaryI- pyrazine compounds as pesticides. BRIEF SUMMARY

[0003] It has now surprisingly been found that certain novel indazole compounds have pesticidalactivity. More specifically, certain novel indazole-4-carboxamide compounds and aza analogues thereof, havepesticidal activity.

[0004] Hence, the present invention accordingly relates, in a first aspect, to a compound of the formula (I)wherein A is CH or N; X is an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom;109921 | 83176 FFthe staggered line represents theconnection of Q to the rest of compound of the formula (I); R1is hydrogen, C1-C6alkyl, C1-C6cyanoalkyl, C1-C3alkoxyC1-C6alkyl, C2-C6alkenyl, C2-C6alkynyl, C3- C4cycloalkylC1-C2alkyl, or C1-C6alkoxycarbonyl; R2a is hydrogen, C1-C4alkyl, C1-C3haloalkyl, C3-C4cycloalkyl, or cyclopropyl substituted with a singlehalogen or cyano; R2bis hydrogen, halogen, C1-C3haloalkyl, C1-C3haloalkoxy, cyano, SF5, C1-C3alkylsulfanyl, C1-C3alkylsulfinyl, C1-C3alkylsulfonyl, C1-C3haloalkylsulfanyl, C1-C3haloalkylsulfinyl, C1-C3haloalkylsulfonyl, C1-C5cyanoalkyl, C1-C5cyanoalkoxy, C3-C4cycloalkylC1-C2alkyl, C3-C4cycloalkylC1-C2haloalkyl, C3-C4cycloalkylcarbonyl, or C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one or two substituents independentlyselected from the group consisting of halogen, -CN, C1-C3alkyl, and C1-C3haloalkyl;R3is C1-C3alkyl or C1-C3haloalkyl; R4is pyridinyl, pyrimidyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, or thiazolyl, each of which, independently of each other, is optionally substituted with a single substituent R4b; or R4is oxo-pyridazinyl optionally N-substitutedwith a single substituent R4c;R4a is pyridinyl, pyrimidyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, thiazolyl, pyrazol-1-yl, or N-linked triazolyl, each ofwhich, independently of each other, is optionally substituted with a single substituent R4b; or R4ais oxo-pyridazinyl optionally N-substituted with a single substituent R4c;R4bis hydrogen, halogen, cyano, hydroxy, C1-C3haloalkyl, C1-C3alkoxy, C1-C3haloalkoxy, - C(O)NR10R11, -N(R11)C(O)OR10, or -N(R11)C(O)R10; R4cis C1-C3alkyl, C1-C3haloalkyl, allyl, propargyl, or C3-C6cycloalkylC1-C4alkyl; R5, R5aand R5bare independently hydrogen, halogen, C1-C3alkyl, C1-C3alkoxy, or C3-C4cycloalkyl; R10is hydrogen, C1-C3alkyl, C3-C6cycloalkyl, C3-C4cycloalkylC1-C2alkyl, C1-C3cyanoalkyl, cyanoC3-C6cycloalkyl, C1-C3alkoxyC1-C3alkyl, or C1-C4haloalkyl;R11 is hydrogen, hydroxy, C1-C3alkyl, C3-C4cycloalkyl, cyanoC3-C6cycloalkyl, C1-C3cyanoalkyl, C1-C3alkoxyC1-C3alkyl, C1-C3haloalkyl, or C1-C3alkoxy; or an agrochemically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, enantiomer, tautomer, or N-oxide of the compound of formula (I).

[0005] The present invention also provides a method of preparation of compounds of formula (I) as well asintermediate compounds useful in the preparation of compounds of formula (I).109921 | 83176 FF

[0006] In a second aspect, the present invention makes available a composition comprising a compound offormula (I) as defined in the first aspect, one or more auxiliaries and diluent, and optionally one or more other active ingredient.

[0007] In a third aspect, the present invention makes available a method of combating and controlling pests,such as insects, acarines, nematodes, or molluscs, which comprises applying to a pest, to a locus of a pest, or to a plant susceptible to attack by a pest a pesticidally, such as insecticidally, acaricidally, nematicidally, or molluscicidally, effective amount of a compound as defined in the first aspect or of a composition as defined in the second aspect.

[0008] In a fourth aspect, the present invention makes available a method for the protection of plantpropagation material from the attack by a pest, such as insects, acarines, nematodes, or molluscs, which comprises treating the propagation material or the site where the propagation material is planted, with aneffective amount of a compound of formula (I) as defined in the first aspect or of a composition as defined inthe second aspect.

[0009] In a fifth aspect, the present invention makes available a plant propagation material, such as a seed,comprising, or treated with, or coated with, or adhered thereto, a compound of formula (I) as defined in the firstaspect or of a composition as defined in the second aspect.

[0010] The present invention in a further aspect provides a method of controlling parasites in or on an animalin need thereof comprising administering an effective amount of a compound of formula (I) as defined in the first aspect. The present invention further provides a method of controlling ectoparasites on an animal in needthereof comprising administering an effective amount of a compound of formula (I) as defined in the first aspect.The present invention further provides a method for preventing and / or treating diseases transmitted byectoparasites comprising administering an effective amount of a compound of formula (I) as defined in the firstaspect, to an animal in need thereof. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] Compounds of formula (I) which have at least one basic centre can form, for example, acid additionsalts, for example with strong inorganic acids such as mineral acids, for example perchloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, nitrous acid, a phosphorus acid or a hydrohalic acid, with strong organic carboxylic acids, such as C1-C4alkanecarboxylic acids which are unsubstituted or substituted, for example by halogen, for example acetic acid, such as saturated or unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, for example oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid,maleic acid, fumaric acid or phthalic acid, such as hydroxycarboxylic acids, for example ascorbic acid, lacticacid, malic acid, tartaric acid or citric acid, or such as benzoic acid, or with organic sulfonic acids, such as C1-C4alkane- or arylsulfonic acids which are unsubstituted or substituted, for example by halogen, for examplemethane- or p-toluenesulfonic acid. Compounds of formula (I) which have at least one acidic group can form,for example, salts with bases, for example mineral salts such as alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts, forexample sodium, potassium or magnesium salts, or salts with ammonia or an organic amine, such asmor-pholine, piperidine, pyrrolidine, a mono-, di- or tri-lower-alkylamine, for example ethyl-, diethyl-, triethyl- ordimethylpropylamine, or a mono-, di- or trihydroxy-lower-alkylamine, for example mono-, di- or triethanolamine.109921 | 83176 FF

[0012] In each case, the compounds of formula (I) according to the invention are in free form, in oxidizedform as a N-oxide or in salt form, e.g. an agronomically usable salt form.

[0013] N-oxides are oxidized forms of tertiary amines or oxidized forms of nitrogen containing heteroaromaticcompounds. They are described for instance in the book "Heterocyclic N-oxides" by A. Albini and S. Pietra, CRC Press, Boca Raton 1991.

[0014] The compounds of formula (I) according to the invention also include hydrates which may be formedduring the salt formation.

[0015] The term "C1-Cnalkyl" as used herein refers to a saturated straight-chain or branched hydrocarbonradical attached via any of the carbon atoms having 1 to n carbon atoms, for example, any one of the radicals methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, 1-methylbutyl, 2-methylbutyl, 3-methylbutyl, 2, 2-dimethylpropyl, 1-ethylpropyl, n-hexyl, n-pentyl, 1,1-dimethylpropyl, 1,2-dimethylpropyl, 1-methylpentyl, 2-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 4- methylpentyl, 1,1-dimethylbutyl, 1,2-dimethylbutyl, 1,3-dimethylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylbutyl, 2,3-dimethylbutyl, 3,3- dimethylbutyl, 1-ethylbutyl, 2-ethylbutyl, 1,1,2-trimethylpropyl, 1,2,2-trimethylpropyl, 1-ethyl-1-methylpropyl, or 1-ethyl-2-methylpropyl.

[0016] The term "C1-Cnhaloalkyl" as used herein refers to a straight-chain or branched saturated alkyl radicalattached via any of the carbon atoms having 1 to n carbon atoms (as mentioned above), where some or all of the hydrogen atoms in these radicals may be replaced by fluorine, chlorine, bromine and / or iodine, i.e., for example, any one of chloromethyl, dichloromethyl, trichloromethyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, chlorofluoromethyl, dichlorofluoromethyl, chlorodifluoromethyl, 2-fluoroethyl, 2-chloroethyl, 2-bromoethyl, 2- iodoethyl, 2,2-difluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, 2-chloro-2-fluoroethyl, 2-chloro-2,2-difluoroethyl, 2,2-dichloro- 2-fluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trichloroethyl, pentafluoroethyl, 2-fluoropropyl, 3-fluoropropyl, 2,2-difluoropropyl, 2,3- difluoropropyl, 2-chloropropyl, 3-chloropropyl, 2,3-dichloropropyl, 2-bromopropyl, 3-bromopropyl, 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl, 3,3,3-trichloropropyl, 2,2,3,3,3- pentafluoropropyl, heptafluoropropyl, 1-(fluoromethyl)-2-fluoroethyl, 1-(chloromethyl)-2-chloroethyl, 1-(bromomethyl)-2-bromoethyl, 4-fluorobutyl, 4-chlorobutyl, 4- bromobutyl or nonafluorobutyl. Accordingly "C1-C2fluoroalkyl" refers to a C1-C2alkyl radical which carries 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 fluorine atoms, for example, any one of difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, 1-fluoroethyl, 2-fluoroethyl, 2,2-difluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl or pentafluoroethyl.

[0017] The term "C1-Cnalkoxy" as used herein refers to a straight-chain or branched saturated alkyl radicalhaving 1 to n carbon atoms (as mentioned above) which is attached via an oxygen atom, i.e., for example, any one of the radicals methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, 1-methylethoxy, n-butoxy, 1-methylpropoxy, 2-methylpropoxyor 1,1-dimethylethoxy. The term "haloC1-Cnalkoxy" as used herein refers to a C1-Cnalkoxy radical where oneor more hydrogen atoms on the alkyl radical is replaced by the same or different halo atom(s) - examplesinclude trifluoromethoxy, 2-fluoroethoxy, 3-fluoropropoxy, 3,3,3-trifluoropropoxy, 4-chlorobutoxy.

[0018] The term "C1-Cncyanoalkyl" as used herein refers to a straight chain or branched saturated alkylradical having 1 to n carbon atoms (as mentioned above), where one of the hydrogen atoms in these radicals is replaced by a cyano group: for example, cyanomethyl, 2-cyanoethyl, 2-cyanopropyl, 3-cyanopropyl, 1- (cyanomethyl)-2-ethyl, 1-(methyl)-2-cyanoethyl, 4-cyanobutyl, and the like.109921 | 83176 FF

[0019] The term "C3-Cncycloalkyl" as used herein refers to a saturated monocyclic hydrocarbon radicalattached via any of the ring carbon atoms and having 3 to n carbon atoms, such as cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, and cyclohexyl.

[0020] The term "cyanoC3-Cncycloalkyl" as used herein refers to a C3-Cncycloalkyl where one of thehydrogen atoms in these radicals is replaced by a cyano group.

[0021] The term "C3-Cncycloalkylcarbonyl" as used herein refers to a C3-Cncycloalkyl radical bonded to acarbonyl (C=O) group, which carbonyl group is connected to the rest of the molecule. Similarly the terms "C1- Cnalkylcarbonyl", "C1-Cnalkoxycarbonyl", "phenyloxycarbonyl" and "benzyloxycarbonyl" as used herein refers to an C1-Cnalkyl, C1-Cnalkoxy, phenyloxy and benzyloxy group bonded to a carbonyl (C=O) group, which carbonyl group is connected to the rest of the molecule.

[0022] The term "C3-C4cycloalkylC1-C2alkyl" as used herein refers to a cyclopropyl or cyclobutyl radicalbonded via a methylene or ethylene bridge to the rest of the molecule. When the C3-C4cycloalkylC1-C2alkylradical is substituted, the substituent(s) can be bonded to the C3-C4cycloalkyl radical and / or to the C1-C2alkyl bridge.

[0023] The term "C1-Cnalkylsulfanyl" as used herein refers to a C1-Cnalkyl moiety linked through a sulfuratom. Similarly, the term "C1-Cnhaloalkylthio" or "C1-Cnhaloalkylsulfanyl" as used herein refers to a C1-Cnhaloalkyl moiety linked through a sulfur atom. Similarly, the term "C3-Cncycloalkylsulfanyl" refers to 3-nmembered cycloalkyl moiety linked through a sulfur atom.

[0024] The term "C1-Cnalkylsulfinyl" as used herein refers to a C1-Cnalkyl moiety linked through the sulfuratom of the S(=O) group. Similarly, the term "C1-Cnhaloalkylsulfinyl " or "C1-Cnhaloalkylsulfinyl" as used hereinrefers to a C1-Cnhaloalkyl moiety linked through the sulfur atom of the S(=O) group. Similarly, the term "C3-Cncycloalkylsulfinyl" refers to 3-n membered cycloalkyl moiety linked through the sulfur atom of the S(=O)group.

[0025] The term "C1-Cnalkylsulfonyl" as used herein refers to a C1-Cnalkyl moiety linked through the sulfuratom of the S(=O)2 group. Similarly, the term "C1-Cnhaloalkylsulfonyl " or "C1-Cnhaloalkylsulfonyl" as usedherein refers to a C1-Cnhaloalkyl moiety linked through the sulfur atom of the S(=O)2 group. Similarly, the term"C3-Cncycloalkylsulfonyl" refers to 3-n membered cycloalkyl moiety linked through the sulfur atom of the S(=O)2group.

[0026] The term "C2-Cnalkenyl" as used herein refers to a straight or branched alkenyl chain having fromtwo to n carbon atoms and one or two double bonds, for example, ethenyl, prop-1-enyl, but-2-enyl.

[0027] The term "C2-Cnalkynyl" as used herein refers to a straight or branched alkynyl chain having fromtwo to n carbon atoms and one triple bond, for example, ethynyl, prop-2-ynyl, but-3-ynyl.

[0028] Halogen or "halo" is generally fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine. This also applies, correspondingly,to halogen in combination with other meanings, such as haloalkyl.

[0029] The term "optionally substituted" as used herein means that the group referenced is eitherunsubstituted or is substituted by a designated substituent, for example, "C3-C4cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo atoms" means C3-C4cycloalkyl, C3-C4cycloalkyl substituted with 1 halo atom and C3-C4cycloalkyl substituted with 2 halo atoms.109921 | 83176 FF

[0030] As used herein, the term "controlling" refers to reducing the number of pests, eliminating pests and / orpreventing further pest damage such that damage to a plant or to a plant derived product is reduced.

[0031] As used herein, the term "pest" refers to insects, and molluscs that are found in agriculture,horticulture, forestry, the storage of products of vegetable origin (such as fruit, grain and timber); and thosepests associated with the damage of man-made structures. The term pest encompasses all stages in the lifecycle of the pest.

[0032] As used herein, the term "effective amount" refers to the amount of the compound, or a salt thereof,which, upon single or multiple applications provides the desired effect.

[0033] An effective amount is readily determined by the skilled person in the art, by the use of knowntechniques and by observing results obtained under analogous circumstances. In determining the effective amount a number of factors are considered including, but not limited to: the type of plant or derived product to be applied; the pest to be controlled & its lifecycle; the particular compound applied; the type of application; and other relevant circumstances.

[0034] As one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate, compounds of formula (I) contain a stereogeniccentre which is indicated with an asterisk in formula (I*) below:where A, R1, R2a, R2b, R3, Q and X are as defined in the first aspect.

[0035] The present invention contemplates both racemates and individual enantiomers. Compounds offormula (I') having a preferred stereochemistry are set out below:

[0036] Particularly preferred compounds of the present invention are compounds of formula (I’), where A,R1, R2a, R2b, R3, Q and X are as defined in the first aspect, and stereoisomers, enantiomers, tautomers and N-oxides of the compounds of formula (I’), and agrochemically acceptable salts thereof.

[0037] Particularly preferred compounds of formula (I’) include compounds of formula (I’a) as shown below,where X is oxygen, and A, R1, R2a, R2b, R3 and Q are as defined in the first aspect, and stereoisomers,enantiomers, tautomers and N-oxides of the compounds of formula (I*a), and agrochemically acceptable salts thereof:109921 | 83176 FF

[0038] Particularly preferred compounds of the present invention are compounds of formula (I), (I*), (I*a),and preferred compounds thereof of the formula (I’) and (I’a), where A is CH, X is oxygen, and where R1, R2a,R2b, R3, and Q are as defined in the first aspect, as shown with formula (I*b) and (I’b) below:

[0039] Embodiments according to the invention are provided as set out below.

[0040] In an embodiment of each aspect of the invention, A is N. When A is N, the moiety containing A is apyrazolo[4,3-b]pyridine group. In another embodiment of each aspect of the invention, A is CH. In a preferred embodiment of each aspect of the invention, A is CH. When A is CH, the moiety containing A is an indazole group.

[0041] In an embodiment of each aspect of the invention, X is oxygen (i.e. an oxygen atom). In anembodiment of each aspect of the invention, X is S (i.e. a sulfur atom). Preferably, in embodiments of eachaspect of the invention, X is oxygen.

[0042] In an embodiment of each aspect of the invention, R1 is as follows:A. R1 is hydrogen, C1-C6alkyl, C1-C6cyanoalkyl, C1-C3alkoxyC1-C6alkyl, C2-C6alkenyl, C2-C6alkynyl, C3-C4cycloalkylC1-C2alkyl, or C1-C6alkoxycarbonyl; or B. R1 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, or cyclopropyl-methyl; orC. R1 is hydrogen, methyl, or cyclopropylmethyl; orD. R1 is hydrogen or methyl; orE. R1 is methyl; orF. R1 is hydrogen.

[0043] In preferred embodiments of each aspects of the invention, R1 is hydrogen, methyl,or cyclopropylmethyl; or R1 is hydrogen or methyl. More preferably, R1 is hydrogen or methyl. Most preferably,R1is hydrogen.

[0044] In an embodiment of each aspect of the invention, R2a is as follows:A. R2a is hydrogen, C1-C4alkyl, C1-C3haloalkyl, C3-C4cycloalkyl, or cyclopropyl substituted with a singlehalogen or cyano; or109921 | 83176 FFB. R2a is hydrogen, C1-C3alkyl, C1-C3fluoroalkyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, or cyclopropyl substituted with asingle fluoro or cyano; or C. R2a is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, cyclopropyl, 1-fluorocyclopropyl, or 1-cyanocyclopropyl; or D. R2a is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, 1-fluorocyclopropyl, or 1-cyanocyclopropyl; orE. R2a is methyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, 1-fluorocyclopropyl, or 1-cyanocyclopropyl; orF. R2a is methyl, ethyl, or cyclopropyl; orG. R2a is methyl or cyclopropyl; orH. R2a is cyclopropyl.

[0045] In preferred embodiments of each aspect of the invention, R2a is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl,1-fluorocyclopropyl, or 1-cyanocyclopropyl. Preferably, R2ais methyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, 1-fluorocyclopropyl, or 1-cyanocyclopropyl. Most preferably, R2ais methyl, ethyl, or cyclopropyl. For instance, R2ais cyclopropyl.

[0046] In an embodiment of each aspect of the invention, R2b is as follows:A. R2b is hydrogen, halogen, C1-C3haloalkyl, C1-C3haloalkoxy, cyano, SF5, C1-C3alkylsulfanyl, C1-C3alkylsulfinyl, C1-C3alkylsulfonyl, C1-C3haloalkylsulfanyl, C1-C3haloalkylsulfinyl, C1- C3haloalkylsulfonyl, C1-C5cyanoalkyl, C1-C5cyanoalkoxy, C3-C4cycloalkylC1-C2alkyl, C3-C4cycloalkylC1-C2haloalkyl, C3-C4cycloalkylcarbonyl, or C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one or twosubstituents independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, -CN, C1-C3alkyl, and C1-C3haloalkyl; or B. R2b is hydrogen, halogen, C1-C3haloalkyl, C1-C3haloalkoxy, cyano, C1-C3alkylsulfonyl, C1-C3haloalkylsulfonyl, C1-C5cyanoalkyl, C1-C5cyanoalkoxy, C3-C4cycloalkylC1-C2alkyl, cyclopropyl, orcyclopropyl substituted with one or two substituents independently selected from the group consisting ofhalogen, -CN, methyl, and trifluoromethyl; or C. R2b is halogen, C1-C3haloalkyl, C1-C3haloalkoxy, C1-C3alkylsulfonyl, C1-C3haloalkylsulfonyl, C1-C5cyanoalkyl, C3-C4cycloalkylC1-C2alkyl, or cyclopropyl; or D. R2b is chloro, bromo, C1-C3fluoroalkyl, C1-C3fluoroalkoxy, C1-C3fluoroalkylsulfonyl, or cyclopropyl; orE. R2b is chloro, bromo, iodo, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy,difluoromethylsulfonyl, trifluoromethylsulfonyl, or cyclopropyl; or F. R2b is chloro, bromo, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy,difluoromethylsulfonyl, trifluoromethylsulfonyl, or cyclopropyl; or G. R2b is chloro, difluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, difluoromethylsulfonyl, or cyclopropyl; orH. R2b is chloro, bromo, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy,difluoromethylsulfonyl, trifluoromethylsulfonyl, or cyclopropyl; or I. R2b is chloro, bromo, cyclopropyl, difluoromethyl, or trifluoromethyl; orJ. R2b is chloro, bromo, cyclopropyl, or trifluoromethyl; orK. R2b is chloro, bromo, or trifluoromethyl; orL. R2b is chloro or cyclopropyl; orM. R2b is chloro or trifluoromethyl; or109921 | 83176 FFN. R2b is trifluoromethyl; orO. R2b is chloro, bromo, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, or cyclopropyl; orP. R2b is chloro, bromo, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl or difluoromethoxy; orQ. R2b is bromo, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl or difluoromethoxy.

[0047] In preferred embodiments of each aspect of the invention, R2b is chloro, bromo, difluoromethyl,trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, difluoromethylsulfonyl, trifluoromethylsulfonyl, or cyclopropyl. More preferably, R2bis chloro, bromo, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, or cyclopropyl, or R2bisbromo, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl or difluoromethoxy. Even more preferably, R2b is chloro, trifluoromethyl,or cyclopropyl. Most preferably, R2b is trifluoromethyl.

[0048] In an embodiment of each aspect of the invention, R3 is as follows:A. R3 is C1-C3alkyl or C1-C3haloalkyl; orB. R3 is methyl or trifluoromethyl; orC. R3 is methyl.

[0049] In preferred embodiments of each aspect of the invention, R3 is methyl.

[0050] In an embodiment of aspects of the invention where Q is Qa, R5 is as follows:D. R5 is hydrogen, halogen, C1-C3alkyl, C1-C3alkyloxy, or C3-C4cycloalkyl; orE. R5 is hydrogen, halogen, C1-C3alkyl, or C3-C4cycloalkyl; orF. R5 is hydrogen, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, methoxy, or ethoxy; orG. R5 is hydrogen, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, or cyclopropyl; orH. R5 is hydrogen, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, methyl, or ethyl; orI. R5 is hydrogen, chloro, bromo, methyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, methoxy, ethoxy, difluoromethoxy,trifluoromethoxy, or 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy; or J. R5 is hydrogen, bromo, iodo, methyl, cyclopropyl; orK. R5 is hydrogen, bromo, iodo, methyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, methoxy, or ethoxy; orL. R5 is hydrogen; orM. R5 is hydrogen, bromo, methyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, methoxy, or ethoxy; orN. R5 is hydrogen, bromo, methyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, or methoxy.

[0051] In preferred embodiments where Q is Qa, R5 is as follows:A. R5 is hydrogen, bromo, iodo, methyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, methoxy, or ethoxy; orB. R5 is hydrogen, bromo, methyl, cyclopropyl, methoxy, or ethoxy; orC. R5 is hydrogen, cyclopropyl, or methoxy; orD. R5 is hydrogen; orE. R5 is hydrogen, bromo, methyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, methoxy, or ethoxy; orF. R5 is hydrogen, bromo, methyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, or methoxy.

[0052] For instance, Qa is selected from Qa-1 to Qa-16109921 | 83176 FFan or orQa-10, or Qa-15; or Qais selected from Qa-1, Qa-7, Qa-10, and Qa-15. Preferably, Q is Qa-1, or Qa-15. Most preferably, Q is Qa-1. For instance, Qais Qa-1, Qa-4, Qa-5, Qa-10, Qa-15, or Qa-16;

[0054] In another embodiment of aspects of the invention where Q is Qb, R5a and R5b are as follows:A. R5a and R5b are independently hydrogen, halogen, C1-C3alkyl, C1-C3alkyloxy, or C3-C4cycloalkyl; orB. R5a and R5b are independently hydrogen, halogen, C1-C3alkyl, or C3-C4cycloalkyl; orC. R5a and R5b are independently hydrogen, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, methoxy, or ethoxy; orD. R5a and R5b are independently hydrogen, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, or cyclopropyl; orE. R5a and R5b are independently hydrogen, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, methyl, or ethyl; orF. R5a and R5b are independently hydrogen, fluoro, chloro, bromo, methyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, methoxy,ethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, or trifluoromethyl; or G. R5a and R5b are independently hydrogen, fluoro, chloro, methyl, cyclopropyl, methoxy,difluoromethoxy, or trifluoromethyl; or H. R5a and R5b are independently hydrogen, methyl, cyclopropyl, methoxy, or trifluoromethyl; or109921 | 83176 FFI. R5a and R5b are differently hydrogen, fluoro, chloro, methyl, cyclopropyl, methoxy, difluoromethoxy, ortrifluoromethyl; or J. R5a or R5b is hydrogen, and the other is hydrogen, fluoro, chloro, methyl, cyclopropyl, methoxy,difluoromethoxy, or trifluoromethyl; or K. R5a and R5b are both hydrogen or fluoro; orL. R5a and R5b are hydrogen.

[0055] In preferred embodiments where Q is Qb:A. R5a is hydrogen, chloro, fluoro, cyclopropyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, or difluoromethoxy and R5b ishydrogen, fluoro, or methoxy; or B. R5a is hydrogen, fluoro, cyclopropyl, trifluoromethyl, or difluoromethoxy, and R5b is hydrogen, chloro,fluoro, or methoxy; or C. R5a is hydrogen, fluoro, cyclopropyl, trifluoromethyl, or difluoromethoxy, and R5b is hydrogen, fluoro,or methoxy; or D. R5a is hydrogen, fluoro, cyclopropyl, trifluoromethyl, or difluoromethoxy and R5b is hydrogen; orE. R5a is hydrogen, and R5b is hydrogen, fluoro, or methoxy; orF. R5a and R5b are hydrogen.

[0056] For instance, Qb is selected from Qb-1 to Qb-13:an or or1, Qb-2, Qb-3, Qb-5, Qb-8, Qb-10, and Qb-11. Preferably, Qbis Qb-1, Qb-3, Qb-5, Qb-10, or Qb-11. Most preferably, Qbis Qb-1.109921 | 83176 FF

[0058] In embodiments where Q is Qa, R4 is as follows:A. R4 is pyridinyl, pyrimidyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, or thiazolyl, each of which, independently of eachother, is optionally substituted with a single substituent R4b; or R4is oxo-pyridazinyl optionally N- substituted with a single substituent R4c; orB. R4 is Qc-1, Qc-2, Qc-3, Qc-4, Qc-5, Qc-6, Qc-7, Qc-8, or Qc-9; or C. R4 is Qc-1, Qc-2, Qc-3, Qc-4, Qc-5, Qc-6, or Qc-9; orD. R4 is Qc-1, Qc-2, Qc-3, Qc-4, or Qc-9; orE. R4 is Qc-1, Qc-2, or Qc-3; orF. R4 is 5-cyano-2-pyridyl, pyrimidin-2-yl, 5-bromopyrimidin-2-yl, 6-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl, 6-carbamoylpyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(cyanomethylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-[cyanomethyl(methyl)carbamoyl]-pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(dimethylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6- (methoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl, pyrazin-2-yl, 6-chloropyridazin-3-yl, 5-bromopyrazin-2-yl, 6- methoxypyridazin-3-yl, 6-ethoxypyridazin-3-yl, 1-methyl-6-oxo-pyridazin-3-yl, 5-cyanothiazol-2-yl, or 5-carbamoyl-thiazol-2-yl; or G. R4 is 5-cyano-2-pyridyl, pyrimidin-2-yl, 5-bromopyrimidin-2-yl, 6-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl, 6-carbamoylpyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(cyanomethylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-[cyanomethyl(methyl)carbamoyl]-pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(dimethylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6- (methoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl, pyrazin-2-yl, 5-bromopyrazin-2-yl, 6-methoxypyridazin-3-yl, 1- methyl-6-oxo-pyridazin-3-yl, 5-cyanothiazol-2-yl, or 5-carbamoyl-thiazol-2-yl; orH. R4 is 5-cyano-2-pyridyl, pyrimidin-2-yl, 5-bromopyrimidin-2-yl, 6-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl, 6-carbamoylpyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(cyanomethylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl,pyrazin-2-yl, 5-bromopyrazin-2-yl, 6-methoxypyridazin-3-yl, 1-methyl-6-oxo-pyridazin-3-yl, or 5- cyanothiazol-2-yl; or I. R4 is 5-cyano-2-pyridyl, pyrimidin-2-yl, 6-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl, 6-carbamoylpyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(cyanomethylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, pyrazin-2-yl, 6-methoxypyridazin-3-yl, 1-methyl-6-oxo-pyridazin-3-yl, or 5-cyanothiazol-2-yl; or109921 | 83176 FFJ. R4 is 5-cyano-2-pyridyl, pyrimidin-2-yl, 6-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl, pyrazin-2-yl, 6-methoxypyridazin-3-yl,or 5-cyanothiazol-2-yl; orK. R4 is 5-cyano-2-pyridyl, pyrimidin-2-yl, 5-fluoropyrimidin-2-yl, 5-chloropyrimidin-2-yl, 5-bromopyrimidin-2-yl, 6-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl, 6-carbamoylpyrimidin-4-yl, 6- (cyanomethylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-[cyanomethyl(methyl)carbamoyl]-pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(dimethylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6- (methoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl, pyrazin-2-yl, 6-chloropyridazin-3-yl, 5-bromopyrazin-2-yl, 6- methoxypyridazin-3-yl, 6-ethoxypyridazin-3-yl, 1-methyl-6-oxo-pyridazin-3-yl, 5-carbamoylpyrazin-2-yl, 5- cyanothiazol-2-yl, or 5-carbamoyl-thiazol-2-yl; orL. R4 is 5-cyano-2-pyridyl, pyrimidin-2-yl, 5-fluoropyrimidin-2-yl, 5-chloropyrimidin-2-yl, 5-bromopyrimidin-2-yl, 6-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl, 6-carbamoylpyrimidin-4-yl, 6- (cyanomethylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-[cyanomethyl(methyl)carbamoyl]-pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(dimethylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6- (methoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl, pyrazin-2-yl, 5-bromopyrazin-2-yl, 6-methoxypyridazin-3-yl, 1- methyl-6-oxo-pyridazin-3-yl, 5-carbamoylpyrazin-2-yl, 5-cyanothiazol-2-yl, or 5-carbamoyl-thiazol-2-yl; orM. 5-cyano-2-pyridyl, pyrimidin-2-yl, 5-fluoropyrimidin-2-yl, 5-chloropyrimidin-2-yl, 5-bromopyrimidin-2-yl,6-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl, 6-carbamoylpyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(cyanomethylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, pyrazin-2-yl, 6-chloropyridazin-3-yl, 5-bromopyrazin-2-yl, 6- methoxypyridazin-3-yl, 6-ethoxypyridazin-3-yl, 1-methyl-6-oxo-pyridazin-3-yl, 5-carbamoylpyrazin-2-yl, or 5-cyanothiazol-2-yl; or N. R4 is 5-cyano-2-pyridyl, pyrimidin-2-yl, 5-fluoropyrimidin-2-yl, 5-chloropyrimidin-2-yl, 5-bromopyrimidin-2-yl, 6-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl, 6-carbamoylpyrimidin-4-yl, 6- (cyanomethylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, pyrazin-2-yl, 5-bromopyrazin-2-yl, 6-methoxypyridazin-3-yl, 1-methyl-6-oxo-pyridazin-3-yl, 5-carbamoylpyrazin-2-yl, or 5-cyanothiazol- 2-yl; or O. R4 is 5-cyano-2-pyridyl, pyrimidin-2-yl, 5-fluoropyrimidin-2-yl, 5-chloropyrimidin-2-yl, 5-bromopyrimidin-2-yl, 6-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl, 6-carbamoylpyrimidin-4-yl, 6- (cyanomethylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, pyrazin-2-yl, 6-methoxypyridazin-3-yl, 1-methyl-6-oxo-pyridazin-3-yl, 5-carbamoylpyrazin-2-yl, or 5-cyanothiazol-2-yl; or P. R4 is 5-cyano-2-pyridyl, pyrimidin-2-yl, 5-fluoropyrimidin-2-yl, 5-chloropyrimidin-2-yl, 5-bromopyrimidin-2-yl, 6-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl, 6-carbamoylpyrimidin-4-yl, 6- (cyanomethylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-[cyanomethyl(methyl)carbamoyl]-pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(dimethylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6- (methoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl, pyrazin-2-yl, 6-chloropyridazin-3-yl, 5-chloropyrazin-2-yl, 5- bromopyrazin-2-yl, 6-methoxypyridazin-3-yl, 6-ethoxypyridazin-3-yl, 1-methyl-6-oxo-pyridazin-3-yl, 5- carbamoylpyrazin-2-yl, 5-cyanothiazol-2-yl, or 5-carbamoyl-thiazol-2-yl; orQ. R4 is 5-cyano-2-pyridyl, pyrimidin-2-yl, 5-fluoropyrimidin-2-yl, 5-chloropyrimidin-2-yl, 5-bromopyrimidin-2-yl, 6-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl, 6-carbamoylpyrimidin-4-yl, 6-109921 | 83176 FF(cyanomethylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, pyrazin-2-yl, 6- methoxypyridazin-3-yl, 1-methyl-6-oxo-pyridazin-3-yl, 5-chloropyrazin-2-yl, 5-bromopyrazin-2-yl, 5- carbamoylpyrazin-2-yl, or 5-cyanothiazol-2-yl.

[0059] In preferred embodiments of each aspect of the invention, R4 is Qc-1, Qc-2, Qc-3, Qc-4, Qc-5, Qc-6, orQc-9; or R4 is Qc-1, Qc-2, Qc-3, Qc-4, Qc-5, or Qc-9. More preferably, R4 is Qc-1, Qc-2, Qc-3, or Qc-9. For instance,R4is 5-cyano-2-pyridyl, pyrimidin-2-yl, 5-bromopyrimidin-2-yl, 6-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl, 6-carbamoylpyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(cyanomethylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, pyrazin-2-yl, 5-bromopyrazin-2-yl, 6-methoxypyridazin-3-yl, 1-methyl-6-oxo-pyridazin-3-yl, or 5-cyanothiazol-2-yl. Most preferably, R4is 5- cyano-2-pyridyl, pyrimidin-2-yl, 6-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl, 6-carbamoylpyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(cyanomethylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, pyrazin-2-yl, 6-methoxypyridazin-3-yl, 1-methyl-6-oxo-pyridazin-3-yl, or 5-cyanothiazol-2-yl.

[0060] For instance, R4 is 5-cyano-2-pyridyl, pyrimidin-2-yl, 5-fluoropyrimidin-2-yl, 5-chloropyrimidin-2-yl, 5-bromopyrimidin-2-yl, 6-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl, 6-carbamoylpyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(cyanomethylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, pyrazin-2-yl, 6-methoxypyridazin-3-yl, 1-methyl-6-oxo-pyridazin-3-yl, 5-carbamoylpyrazin-2-yl, or 5-cyanothiazol-2-yl. Preferably, R4 is 5-cyano-2-pyridyl, pyrimidin-2-yl, 5-fluoropyrimidin-2-yl, 5-chloropyrimidin-2-yl, 5-bromopyrimidin-2-yl, 6-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl, 6- carbamoylpyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(cyanomethylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, pyrazin- 2-yl, 6-methoxypyridazin-3-yl, 1-methyl-6-oxo-pyridazin-3-yl, 5-chloropyrazin-2-yl, 5-bromopyrazin-2-yl, 5- carbamoylpyrazin-2-yl, or 5-cyanothiazol-2-yl.

[0061] In other preferred embodiments of each aspect of the invention, R4 is Qc-1, Qc-2, or Qc-3. Forinstance, R4is 5-cyano-2-pyridyl, pyrimidin-2-yl, 6-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl, or 6-carbamoylpyrimidin-4-yl.

[0062] In embodiments where Q is Qb, R4a is as follows:A. R4a is pyridinyl, pyrimidyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, thiazolyl, pyrazol-1-yl, or N-linked triazolyl, each ofwhich, independently of each other, is optionally substituted with a single substituent R4b; or R4ais oxo- pyridazinyl optionally N-substituted with a single substituent R4c; orB. R4a is Qc-1, Qc-2, Qc-3, Qc-4, Qc-5, Qc-6, Qc-7, Qc-8, Qc-9, Qc-10, or Qc-11:109921 | 83176 FFA. R4a is Qc-1, Qc-2, Qc-3, Qc-4, or Qc-9; orB. R4a is Qc-1, Qc-2, or Qc-3; orC. R4a is Qc-1; orD. R4a is 5-cyano-2-pyridyl, pyrimidin-2-yl, 5-bromopyrimidin-2-yl, 6-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl, 6-carbamoylpyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(cyanomethylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-[cyanomethyl(methyl)carbamoyl]-pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(dimethylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6- (methoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl, pyrazin-2-yl, 6-chloropyridazin-3-yl, 5-bromopyrazin-2-yl, 6- methoxypyridazin-3-yl, 6-ethoxypyridazin-3-yl, 1-methyl-6-oxo-pyridazin-3-yl, 5-cyanothiazol-2-yl, or 5-carbamoyl-thiazol-2-yl; or E. R4a is 5-cyano-2-pyridyl or pyrimidin-2-yl; orF. R4a is 5-cyano-2-pyridyl; i.e. R4a is Qc-1, with cyano as R4b.

[0063] In preferred embodiments of each aspect of the invention, R4a is Qc-1, Qc-2, Qc-3, Qc-4, or Qc-9, suchas R4ais Qc-1, Qc-2, or Qc-3. More preferably, R4ais Qc-1.

[0064] In preferred embodiments of each aspect of the invention, the pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl,pyridazinyl, thiazolyl, and oxo-pyridazinyl rings of R4and R4aare each connected to the remainder of thecompound via a carbon atom. In other words, a carbon atom of the pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl,thiazolyl, or oxo-pyridazinyl rings of R4and R4ais linked to Qaor Qb, respectively.

[0065] In an embodiment of each aspect of the invention, R4b is as follows:A. R4b is hydrogen, halogen, cyano, hydroxy, C1-C3haloalkyl, C1-C3alkoxy, C1-C3haloalkoxy, -C(O)NR10R11, -N(R11)C(O)OR10, or -N(R11)C(O)R10; or B. R4b is hydrogen, halogen, cyano, hydroxy, C1-C3alkyl, C1-C3fluoroalkyl, C1-C3alkoxy, C1-C3fluoroalkoxy, -C(O)NR10R11, or -NHC(O)R10; or C. R4b is hydrogen, bromo, fluoro, chloro, iodo, cyano, C1-C3alkyl, C1-C3alkoxy, -C(O)NR10R11,-NHC(O)R10or -N(CH3)C(O)R10; or D. R4b is hydrogen, bromo, chloro, iodo, cyano, C1-C3alkyl, methoxy, -C(O)NR10R11, -NHC(O)R10 or-N(CH3)C(O)R10; or E. R4b is hydrogen, cyano, C1-C3alkyl, C1-C3alkoxy, -C(O)NR10R11, -NHC(O)R10 or -N(CH3)C(O)R10; orF. R4b is hydrogen, cyano, C1-C3alkyl, methoxy, -C(O)NHR11, -NHC(O)R10 or -N(CH3)C(O)R10; orG. R4b is hydrogen, bromo, chloro, cyano, methyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, -C(O)NHR11, -C(O)N(CH3)R11,-NHC(O)R10or -N(CH3)C(O)R10; or H. R4b is hydrogen, bromo, chloro, cyano, methyl, methoxy, -C(O)NH2, -C(O)NHCH3, -C(O)N(CH3)2,-C(O)NHCH2CN, -C(O)N(CH3)CH2CN, or -NHC(O)OCH3; or I. R4b is hydrogen, bromo, chloro, cyano, methoxy, -C(O)NH2, or -C(O)NHCH3; orJ. R4b is hydrogen, cyano, methoxy, -C(O)NH2, or -C(O)NHCH3; orK. R4b is hydrogen, cyano, -C(O)NH2, or -C(O)NHCH3; orL. R4b is hydrogen or cyano; orM. R4b is cyano, -C(O)NH2, or -C(O)NHCH3; orN. R4b is hydrogen; or109921 | 83176 FFO. R4b is hydrogen, fluoro, chloro, bromo, cyano, methyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy,-C(O)NHR11, -C(O)N(CH3)R11, -NHC(O)R10or -N(CH3)C(O)R10; or P. R4b is hydrogen, fluoro, chloro, bromo, cyano, methyl, methoxy, -C(O)NH2,-C(O)NHCH3, -C(O)N(CH3)2, -C(O)NHCH2CN, -C(O)N(CH3)CH2CN, or -NHC(O)OCH3; or Q. R4b is hydrogen, fluoro, chloro, bromo, cyano, methoxy, -C(O)NH2, -C(O)NHCH3, or -C(O)NHCH2CN.

[0066] In an embodiment of each aspect of the invention, for instance where Q is Qa-1, Qa-4, Qa-5, Qa-10,Qa-15, Qa-16 or Qb-1; or Q is Qa-1 or Qb-1, R10 is as follows:A. R10 is hydrogen, C1-C3alkyl, C3-C6cycloalkyl, C3-C4cycloalkylC1-C2alkyl, C1-C3cyanoalkyl, cyanoC3-C6cycloalkyl, C1-C3alkoxyC1-C3alkyl, or C1-C4haloalkyl; orB. R10 is hydrogen, C1-C3alkyl, C3-C4cycloalkyl, cyclopropylC1-C2alkyl, C1-C3cyanoalkyl, cyanoC3-C4cycloalkyl, C1-C3alkoxyC1-C3alkyl, or C1-C4haloalkyl; orC. R10 is hydrogen, C1-C3alkyl, cyclopropyl, cyclopropylmethyl, cyanomethyl, 2-cyanoethyl, cyanoC3-C4cycloalkyl, or C1-C3alkoxyC1-C3alkyl; or D. R10 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopropyl, cyclopropylmethyl, cyanomethyl, 2-cyanoethyl,2-cyanocyclopropyl, methoxymethyl, 2-methoxyethyl, or ethoxymethyl; or E. R10 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopropyl, or cyanomethyl; orF. R10 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, or cyclopropyl; orG. R10 is hydrogen, methyl, or cyanomethyl; orH. R10 is hydrogen or methyl.and R11is as follows: A. R11 is hydrogen, hydroxy, C1-C3alkyl, C3-C4cycloalkyl, cyanoC3-C6cycloalkyl, C1-C3cyanoalkyl, C1-C3alkoxyC1-C3alkyl, C1-C3haloalkyl, or C1-C3alkoxy; or B. R11 is hydrogen, hydroxy, C1-C3alkyl, C1-C3cyanoalkyl, cyanoC3-C4cycloalkyl, C1-C3alkoxyC1-C3alkyl,or C1-C3alkoxy; or C. R11 is hydrogen, C1-C3alkyl, C3-C4cycloalkyl, C1-C3cyanoalkyl, or C1-C3alkoxy; orD. R11 is hydrogen, C1-C3alkyl, cyanocyclopropyl, C1-C3alkoxyC1-C3alkyl, or methoxy; orE. R11 is hydrogen, C1-C3alkyl, cyanomethyl, 2-cyanoethyl, methoxymethyl, or C1-C3alkoxy; orF. R11 is hydrogen, C1-C3alkyl, cyclopropyl, or C1-C3alkoxy; orG. R11 is hydrogen, C1-C3alkyl, cyclopropyl, or methoxy; orH. R11 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, cyanomethyl, 2-cyanoethyl, cyclopropyl, 1-cyanocyclopropyl, ormethoxy; or I. R11 is hydrogen or methyl; orJ. R11 is hydrogen; orK. R11 is hydrogen, C1-C3alkyl, cyclopropyl, cyanomethyl, or C1-C3alkoxy; orL. R11 is hydrogen, methyl, or cyanomethyl.

[0067] In preferred embodiments of each aspect of the invention, R10 is hydrogen, methyl, or cyanomethyl,such as R10is hydrogen or methyl. Also in embodiments of each aspect of the invention, R11is hydrogen, methyl, or cyanomethyl, or R11is hydrogen or methyl, such as R11is hydrogen.109921 | 83176 FF

[0068] In preferred embodiments of each aspect of the invention, R4b is hydrogen, fluoro, chloro, bromo,cyano, methyl, methoxy, -C(O)NH2, -C(O)NHCH3, -C(O)N(CH3)2, -C(O)NHCH2CN, -C(O)N(CH3)CH2CN, or - NHC(O)OCH3; or R4b is hydrogen, chloro, cyano, methyl, methoxy, -C(O)NH2, -C(O)NHCH3, -C(O)N(CH3)2, -C(O)NHCH2CN, -C(O)N(CH3)CH2CN, or -NHC(O)OCH3. More preferably, R4bis hydrogen, fluoro, chloro, bromo, cyano, methoxy, -C(O)NH2, -C(O)NHCH3, or-C(O)NHCH2CN; or R4bis hydrogen, chloro, cyano, methoxy, -C(O)NH2, or -C(O)NHCH3.

[0069] In preferred embodiments of each aspect of the invention, the group R4b is in the meta or para positionwith respect to the link of R4or R4ato the remainder of the compound, i.e. to the Qaor Qbring, respectively.

[0070] In an embodiment of each aspect of the invention, R4c is as follows:A. R4c is C1-C3alkyl, C1-C3haloalkyl, allyl, propargyl, or C3-C6cycloalkylC1-C4alkyl; orB. R4c is C1-C3alkyl, C1-C3haloalkyl, or C3-C6cycloalkylC1-C4alkyl; orC. R4c is methyl, ethyl, difluoromethyl, 2,2-difluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoromethyl, allyl, propargyl, orcyclopropylmethyl; or D. R4c is methyl, ethyl, allyl, propargyl, or cyclopropylmethyl; orE. R4c is methyl, ethyl, or cyclopropylmethyl; orF. R4c is methyl or cyclopropylmethyl; orG. R4c is methyl or ethyl; orH. R4c is methyl.

[0071] In preferred embodiments of each aspect of the invention, R4c is methyl or ethyl. For instance, R4c ismethyl.

[0072] In more preferred embodiments of each aspect of the invention, R4 and R4a, as the case may be, areselected from QQ-1 to QQ-23, where the staggered line represents the connection to Qa or Qb:109921 | 83176 FF

[0073] Preferably, R4 and R4a, as the case may be, are selected from QQ-1, QQ-2, QQ-3, QQ-4, QQ-5, QQ-6, QQ-9, QQ-12, QQ-13, QQ-15, QQ-18, QQ-19, QQ-20, Q-21, Q-22, and Q-23. More preferably, R4 and R4a,as the case may be, are selected from QQ-1, QQ-2, QQ-3, QQ-4, QQ-5, QQ-6, QQ-9, QQ-12, QQ-13, QQ-15, QQ-18, QQ-19, QQ-20, and Q-21, or R4and R4a, as the case may be, are selected from QQ-1, QQ-2, QQ-3, QQ-4, QQ-5, QQ-6, QQ-9, QQ-12, QQ-13, and QQ-15. Preferably, R4 and R4a are selected from QQ-1, QQ-2,and QQ-12. In other preferred embodiments, R4 and R4a are selected from QQ-1, QQ-2, and QQ-5.

[0074] Accordingly, the present invention makes available a compound of formula (I) having the substituentsA, Q (i.e. Qa with R4 and R5, or Qb with R4a, R5a and R5b), R1, R2a, R2b, R3, R10, R11, and X as defined above, inall combinations and each permutation.

[0075] For instance, compounds of formula (I) are made available, where A is CH or N, preferably A is CH;Q is Qa or Qb; X is an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom; R1 is hydrogen, C1-C6alkyl, C1-C6cyanoalkyl, C1-C3alkoxyC1-C6alkyl, C2-C6alkenyl, C2-C6alkynyl, C3-C4cycloalkylC1-C2alkyl, or C1-C6alkoxycarbonyl; R2ais hydrogen, C1-C4alkyl, C1-C3haloalkyl, C3-C4cycloalkyl, or cyclopropyl substituted with a single halogen or109921 | 83176 FFcyano; R2bis hydrogen, halogen, C1-C3haloalkyl, C1-C3haloalkoxy, cyano, SF5, C1-C3alkylsulfanyl, C1-C3alkylsulfinyl, C1-C3alkylsulfonyl, C1-C3haloalkylsulfanyl, C1-C3haloalkylsulfinyl, C1-C3haloalkylsulfonyl, C1-C5cyanoalkyl, C1-C5cyanoalkoxy, C3-C4cycloalkylC1-C2alkyl, C3-C4cycloalkylC1-C2haloalkyl, C3-C4cycloalkylcarbonyl, or C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one or two substituents independentlyselected from the group consisting of halogen, -CN, C1-C3alkyl, and C1-C3haloalkyl; R3 is C1-C3alkyl or C1-C3haloalkyl; R4is pyridinyl, pyrimidyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, or thiazolyl, each of which, independently of each other, is optionally substituted with a single substituent R4b; or R4is oxo-pyridazinyl optionally N-substitutedwith a single substituent R4c; R4a is pyridinyl, pyrimidyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, thiazolyl, pyrazol-1-yl, or N-linkedtriazolyl, each of which, independently of each other, is optionally substituted with a single substituent R4b; orR4a is oxo-pyridazinyl optionally N-substituted with a single substituent R4c; R4b is hydrogen, halogen, cyano,hydroxy, C1-C3haloalkyl, C1-C3alkoxy, C1-C3haloalkoxy, -C(O)NR10R11, -N(R11)C(O)OR10, or -N(R11)C(O)R10; R4cis C1-C3alkyl, C1-C3haloalkyl, allyl, propargyl, or C3-C6cycloalkylC1-C4alkyl; R5, R5aand R5bareindependently hydrogen, halogen, C1-C3alkyl, C1-C3alkoxy, or C3-C4cycloalkyl; R10 is hydrogen, C1-C3alkyl, C3-C6cycloalkyl, C3-C4cycloalkylC1-C2alkyl, C1-C3cyanoalkyl, cyanoC3-C6cycloalkyl, C1-C3alkoxyC1-C3alkyl, or C1-C4haloalkyl; and R11 is hydrogen, hydroxy, C1-C3alkyl, C3-C4cycloalkyl, cyanoC3-C6cycloalkyl, C1-C3cyanoalkyl,C1-C3alkoxyC1-C3alkyl, C1-C3haloalkyl, or C1-C3alkoxy.

[0076] Compounds of formula (I) are made available, where A is CH or N, preferably A is CH; X is oxygen;R1is hydrogen, C1-C6alkyl, C1-C6cyanoalkyl, C1-C3alkoxyC1-C6alkyl, C2-C6alkenyl, C2-C6alkynyl, C3-C4cycloalkylC1-C2alkyl, or C1-C6alkoxycarbonyl; R2a is hydrogen, C1-C3alkyl, C1-C3fluoroalkyl, cyclopropyl,cyclobutyl, or cyclopropyl substituted with a single fluoro or cyano; R2bis halogen, C1-C3haloalkyl, C1-C3haloalkoxy, C1-C3alkylsulfonyl, C1-C3haloalkylsulfonyl, C1-C5cyanoalkyl, C3-C4cycloalkylC1-C2alkyl, orcyclopropyl; R3is C1-C3alkyl or C1-C3haloalkyl; preferably R3is methyl or trifluoromethyl; such as R3is methyl; Q is Qaor Qb; R4is pyridinyl, pyrimidyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, or thiazolyl, each of which, independently of each other, is optionally substituted with a single substituent R4b; or R4is oxo-pyridazinyl optionally N-substitutedwith a single substituent R4c; R4a is pyridinyl, pyrimidyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, thiazolyl, pyrazol-1-yl, or N-linkedtriazolyl, each of which, independently of each other, is optionally substituted with a single substituent R4b; orR4a is oxo-pyridazinyl optionally N-substituted with a single substituent R4c; R4b is hydrogen, halogen, cyano,hydroxy, C1-C3haloalkyl, C1-C3alkoxy, C1-C3haloalkoxy, -C(O)NR10R11, -N(R11)C(O)OR10, or -N(R11)C(O)R10; R4cis C1-C3alkyl, C1-C3haloalkyl, allyl, propargyl, or C3-C6cycloalkylC1-C4alkyl; R5, R5a, and R5bareindependently hydrogen, halogen, C1-C3alkyl, C1-C3alkyloxy, or C3-C4cycloalkyl; preferably, R5, R5a, and R5bare hydrogen; R10is hydrogen, C1-C3alkyl, C3-C6cycloalkyl, C3-C4cycloalkylC1-C2alkyl, C1-C3cyanoalkyl,cyanoC3-C6cycloalkyl, C1-C3alkoxyC1-C3alkyl, or C1-C4haloalkyl; and R11 is hydrogen, hydroxy, C1-C3alkyl, C3-C4cycloalkyl, cyanoC3-C6cycloalkyl, C1-C3cyanoalkyl, C1-C3alkoxyC1-C3alkyl, C1-C3haloalkyl, or C1-C3alkoxy.

[0077] Compounds of formula (I) are made available, where A is CH or N, preferably A is CH; X is oxygen;R1is hydrogen, C1-C6alkyl, C1-C6cyanoalkyl, C1-C3alkoxyC1-C6alkyl, C2-C6alkenyl, C2-C6alkynyl, C3-C4cycloalkylC1-C2alkyl, or C1-C6alkoxycarbonyl; R2a is hydrogen, C1-C3alkyl, C1-C3fluoroalkyl, cyclopropyl,cyclobutyl, or cyclopropyl substituted with a single fluoro or cyano; R2bis halogen, C1-C3haloalkyl, C1-C3haloalkoxy, C1-C3alkylsulfonyl, C1-C3haloalkylsulfonyl, C1-C5cyanoalkyl, C3-C4cycloalkylC1-C2alkyl, or109921 | 83176 FFcyclopropyl; R3is C1-C3alkyl or C1-C3haloalkyl; preferably R3is methyl or trifluoromethyl; such as R3is methyl; Q is Qaor Qb; R4is pyridinyl, pyrimidyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, or thiazolyl, each of which, independently of each other, is optionally substituted with a single substituent R4b; or R4is oxo-pyridazinyl optionally N-substitutedwith a single substituent R4c; R4a is pyridinyl, pyrimidyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, thiazolyl, pyrazol-1-yl, or N-linkedtriazolyl, each of which, independently of each other, is optionally substituted with a single substituent R4b; orR4a is oxo-pyridazinyl optionally N-substituted with a single substituent R4c; R4b is hydrogen, halogen, cyano,hydroxy, C1-C3haloalkyl, C1-C3alkoxy, C1-C3haloalkoxy, -C(O)NR10R11, -N(R11)C(O)OR10, or -N(R11)C(O)R10; R4cis C1-C3alkyl, C1-C3haloalkyl, allyl, propargyl, or C3-C6cycloalkylC1-C4alkyl; R5is hydrogen, bromo, methyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, or methoxy; and R5a, and R5bare independently hydrogen, halogen, C1-C3alkyl, C1- C3alkyloxy, or C3-C4cycloalkyl; preferably, R5is hydrogen, bromo, methyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, or methoxy; and R5a, and R5bare hydrogen; R10is hydrogen, C1-C3alkyl, C3-C6cycloalkyl, C3-C4cycloalkylC1-C2alkyl, C1-C3cyanoalkyl, cyanoC3-C6cycloalkyl, C1-C3alkoxyC1-C3alkyl, or C1-C4haloalkyl; and R11 is hydrogen, hydroxy,C1-C3alkyl, C3-C4cycloalkyl, cyanoC3-C6cycloalkyl, C1-C3cyanoalkyl, C1-C3alkoxyC1-C3alkyl, C1-C3haloalkyl, orC1-C3alkoxy.

[0078] Compounds of formula (I) are also made available, where A is CH or N, preferably A is CH; X isoxygen; R1 is hydrogen, methyl, or cyclopropylmethyl; R2a is hydrogen, C1-C3alkyl, C1-C3fluoroalkyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, or cyclopropyl substituted with a single fluoro or cyano; R2b is halogen,C1-C3haloalkyl, C1-C3haloalkoxy, C1-C3alkylsulfonyl, C1-C3haloalkylsulfonyl, C1-C5cyanoalkyl, C3-C4cycloalkylC1-C2alkyl, or cyclopropyl; R3is C1-C3alkyl or C1-C3haloalkyl; preferably R3is methyl or trifluoromethyl; such as R3is methyl; Q is Qaor Qb; R4is pyridinyl, pyrimidyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, or thiazolyl, each of which, independently of each other, is optionally substituted with a single substituent R4b; or R4is oxo-pyridazinyl optionally N-substituted with a single substituent R4c; R4a is pyridinyl, pyrimidyl, pyrazinyl,pyridazinyl, thiazolyl, pyrazol-1-yl, or N-linked triazolyl, each of which, independently of each other, is optionallysubstituted with a single substituent R4b; or R4ais oxo-pyridazinyl optionally N-substituted with a singlesubstituent R4c; R4b is hydrogen, halogen, cyano, hydroxy, C1-C3haloalkyl, C1-C3alkoxy, C1-C3haloalkoxy, -C(O)NR10R11, -N(R11)C(O)OR10, or -N(R11)C(O)R10; R4cis C1-C3alkyl, C1-C3haloalkyl, allyl, propargyl, or C3- C6cycloalkylC1-C4alkyl; R5, R5a, and R5bare hydrogen; R10is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopropyl, orcyanomethyl; and R11 is hydrogen, C1-C3alkyl, cyclopropyl, or C1-C3alkoxy.

[0079] Compounds of formula (I) are also made available, where A is CH or N, preferably A is CH; X isoxygen; R1is hydrogen, methyl, or cyclopropylmethyl; R2ais hydrogen, C1-C3alkyl, C1-C3fluoroalkyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, or cyclopropyl substituted with a single fluoro or cyano; R2b is halogen,C1-C3haloalkyl, C1-C3haloalkoxy, C1-C3alkylsulfonyl, C1-C3haloalkylsulfonyl, C1-C5cyanoalkyl, C3-C4cycloalkylC1-C2alkyl, or cyclopropyl; R3is C1-C3alkyl or C1-C3haloalkyl; preferably R3is methyl or trifluoromethyl; such as R3is methyl; Q is Qaor Qb; R4is pyridinyl, pyrimidyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, or thiazolyl, each of which, independently of each other, is optionally substituted with a single substituent R4b; or R4is oxo-pyridazinyl optionally N-substituted with a single substituent R4c; R4a is pyridinyl, pyrimidyl, pyrazinyl,pyridazinyl, thiazolyl, pyrazol-1-yl, or N-linked triazolyl, each of which, independently of each other, is optionallysubstituted with a single substituent R4b; or R4ais oxo-pyridazinyl optionally N-substituted with a single109921 | 83176 FFsubstituent R4c; R4b is hydrogen, halogen, cyano, hydroxy, C1-C3haloalkyl, C1-C3alkoxy, C1-C3haloalkoxy, -C(O)NR10R11, -N(R11)C(O)OR10, or -N(R11)C(O)R10; R4cis C1-C3alkyl, C1-C3haloalkyl, allyl, propargyl, or C3- C6cycloalkylC1-C4alkyl; R5is hydrogen, bromo, methyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, or methoxy; and R5a, and R5bare hydrogen; R10is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopropyl, or cyanomethyl; and R11is hydrogen, C1-C3alkyl, cyclopropyl, cyanomethyl, or C1-C3alkoxy.

[0080] Compounds of formula (I) are made available, where A is CH; X is oxygen or sulfur; preferably X isoxygen; R1is hydrogen, methyl, or cyclopropylmethyl; R2ais hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, cyclopropyl, 1-fluorocyclopropyl, or 1-cyanocyclopropyl; R2bis halogen, C1-C3haloalkyl, C1-C3haloalkoxy, C1-C3alkylsulfonyl, C1-C3haloalkylsulfonyl, C1-C5cyanoalkyl, C3-C4cycloalkylC1-C2alkyl, orcyclopropyl; R3is C1-C3alkyl or C1-C3haloalkyl; preferably R3is methyl or trifluoromethyl; such as R3is methyl; Q is Qa; R4is Qc-1, Qc-2, Qc-3, Qc-4, Qc-5, Qc-6, Qc-7, Qc-8, or Qc-9; R4bis hydrogen, chloro, cyano, methyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, -C(O)NHR11, -C(O)N(CH3)R11, -NHC(O)R10or -N(CH3)C(O)R10; R4cis methyl, ethyl, allyl, propargyl, or cyclopropylmethyl; and R5, R5a, and R5bare hydrogen; R10is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, or cyclopropyl; and R11is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, cyanomethyl, 2-cyanoethyl, cyclopropyl, 1- cyanocyclopropyl, or methoxy.

[0081] Compounds of formula (I) are made available, where A is CH; X is oxygen or sulfur; preferably X isoxygen; R1is hydrogen, methyl, or cyclopropylmethyl; R2ais hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, cyclopropyl, 1-fluorocyclopropyl, or 1-cyanocyclopropyl; R2bis halogen, C1-C3haloalkyl, C1-C3haloalkoxy, C1-C3alkylsulfonyl, C1-C3haloalkylsulfonyl, C1-C5cyanoalkyl, C3-C4cycloalkylC1-C2alkyl, orcyclopropyl; R3is C1-C3alkyl or C1-C3haloalkyl; preferably R3is methyl or trifluoromethyl; such as R3is methyl; Q is Qa; R4is Qc-1, Qc-2, Qc-3, Qc-4, Qc-5, Qc-6, Qc-7, Qc-8, or Qc-9; R4bis hydrogen, fluoro, chloro, bromo, cyano, methyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, -C(O)NHR11, -C(O)N(CH3)R11, -NHC(O)R10or -N(CH3)C(O)R10; R4cis methyl, ethyl, allyl, propargyl, or cyclopropylmethyl; and R5is hydrogen, bromo, methyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, or methoxy; and R5a, and R5bare hydrogen; R10is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, or cyclopropyl; and R11is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, cyanomethyl, 2-cyanoethyl, cyclopropyl, 1-cyanocyclopropyl, or methoxy.

[0082] Compounds of formula (I) are made available, where A is CH; X is oxygen or sulfur; preferably X isoxygen; R1is hydrogen, methyl, or cyclopropylmethyl; R2ais hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, cyclopropyl, 1-fluorocyclopropyl, or 1-cyanocyclopropyl; R2bis halogen, C1-C3haloalkyl, C1-C3haloalkoxy, C1-C3alkylsulfonyl, C1-C3haloalkylsulfonyl, C1-C5cyanoalkyl, C3-C4cycloalkylC1-C2alkyl, orcyclopropyl; R3is C1-C3alkyl or C1-C3haloalkyl; preferably R3is methyl or trifluoromethyl; such as R3is methyl;Q is Qb; R4a is Qc-1, Qc-2, Qc-3, Qc-4, Qc-5, Qc-6, Qc-7, Qc-8, Qc-9, Qc-10, or Qc-11; R4b is hydrogen, fluoro,chloro, bromo, cyano, methyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, -C(O)NHR11, -C(O)N(CH3)R11, -NHC(O)R10 or -N(CH3)C(O)R10; R4cis methyl, ethyl, allyl, propargyl, or cyclopropylmethyl; and R5, R5a, and R5bare hydrogen; R10is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, or cyclopropyl; and R11is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, cyanomethyl, 2- cyanoethyl, cyclopropyl, 1-cyanocyclopropyl, or methoxy.

[0083] Compounds of formula (I) are made available, where A is CH; X is oxygen or sulfur; preferably X isoxygen; R1is hydrogen, methyl, or cyclopropylmethyl; R2ais hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, cyclopropyl, 1-fluorocyclopropyl, or 1-cyanocyclopropyl; R2bis halogen, C1-C3haloalkyl, C1-109921 | 83176 FFC3haloalkoxy, C1-C3alkylsulfonyl, C1-C3haloalkylsulfonyl, C1-C5cyanoalkyl, C3-C4cycloalkylC1-C2alkyl, orcyclopropyl; R3is C1-C3alkyl or C1-C3haloalkyl; preferably R3is methyl or trifluoromethyl; such as R3is methyl; Q is Qb; R4ais Qc-1, Qc-2, Qc-3, Qc-4, Qc-5, Qc-6, Qc-7, Qc-8, Qc-9, Qc-10, or Qc-11; R4bis hydrogen, fluoro, chloro, bromo, cyano, methyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, -C(O)NHR11, -C(O)N(CH3)R11, -NHC(O)R10or - N(CH3)C(O)R10; R4cis methyl, ethyl, allyl, propargyl, or cyclopropylmethyl; and R5is hydrogen, bromo, methyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, or methoxy; and R5a, and R5bare hydrogen; R10is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, or cyclopropyl; and R11is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, cyanomethyl, 2-cyanoethyl, cyclopropyl, 1-cyanocyclopropyl, or methoxy.

[0084] Further compounds of formula (I) are made available, where A is CH or N, preferably A is CH; X isoxygen or sulfur; preferably X is oxygen; R1is hydrogen or methyl; R2ais hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, 1-fluorocyclopropyl, or 1-cyanocyclopropyl; R2bis chloro, bromo, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, or cyclopropyl; R3is methyl or trifluoromethyl; preferably, R3is methyl; Q is Qa;-1; R4is 5-cyano-2-pyridyl, pyrimidin-2-yl, 5- bromopyrimidin-2-yl, 6-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl, 6-carbamoylpyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(cyanomethylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-[cyanomethyl(methyl)carbamoyl]-pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(dimethylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl, pyrazin-2-yl, 6-chloropyridazin-3- yl, 5-bromopyrazin-2-yl, 6-methoxypyridazin-3-yl, 6-ethoxypyridazin-3-yl, 1-methyl-6-oxo-pyridazin-3-yl, 5-cyanothiazol-2-yl, or 5-carbamoyl-thiazol-2-yl.

[0085] Compounds of formula (I) are made available, where A is CH or N, preferably A is CH; X is oxygenor sulfur; preferably X is oxygen; R1is hydrogen or methyl; R2ais hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, 1- fluorocyclopropyl, or 1-cyanocyclopropyl; R2bis chloro, bromo, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, or cyclopropyl; R3is methyl or trifluoromethyl; preferably, R3is methyl; Q is Qa;-1, Qa-4, Qa-5, Qa-10, Qa-15, or Qa-16; R4is 5-cyano-2-pyridyl, pyrimidin-2-yl, 5-fluoropyrimidin-2-yl, 5-chloropyrimidin-2-yl, 5-bromopyrimidin-2-yl, 6-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl, 6-carbamoylpyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(cyanomethylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-[cyanomethyl(methyl)carbamoyl]-pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6- (dimethylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl, pyrazin-2-yl, 6-chloropyridazin-3- yl, 5-bromopyrazin-2-yl, 6-methoxypyridazin-3-yl, 6-ethoxypyridazin-3-yl, 1-methyl-6-oxo-pyridazin-3-yl, 5-carbamoylpyrazin-2-yl, 5-cyanothiazol-2-yl, or 5-carbamoyl-thiazol-2-yl.

[0086] Compounds of formula (I) are made available, where A is CH or N, preferably A is CH; X is oxygenor sulfur; preferably X is oxygen; R1is hydrogen or methyl; R2ais hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, 1- fluorocyclopropyl, or 1-cyanocyclopropyl; R2bis chloro, bromo, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, or cyclopropyl; R3is methyl or trifluoromethyl; preferably, R3is methyl; Q is Qb;-1; R4ais 5-cyano-2-pyridyl, pyrimidin-2-yl, 5- bromopyrimidin-2-yl, 6-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl, 6-carbamoylpyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(cyanomethylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-[cyanomethyl(methyl)carbamoyl]-pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(dimethylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl, pyrazin-2-yl, 6-chloropyridazin-3- yl, 5-bromopyrazin-2-yl, 6-methoxypyridazin-3-yl, 6-ethoxypyridazin-3-yl, 1-methyl-6-oxo-pyridazin-3-yl, 5-cyanothiazol-2-yl, or 5-carbamoyl-thiazol-2-yl.

[0087] Compounds of formula (I) are made available, where A is CH or N, preferably A is CH; X is oxygenor sulfur; preferably X is oxygen; R1is hydrogen or methyl; R2ais hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, 1-109921 | 83176 FFfluorocyclopropyl, or 1-cyanocyclopropyl; R2bis chloro, bromo, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, or cyclopropyl; R3is methyl or trifluoromethyl; preferably, R3is methyl; Q is Qb;-1; R4ais 5-cyano-2-pyridyl, pyrimidin-2-yl, 5-bromopyrimidin-2-yl, 6-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl, 6-carbamoylpyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(cyanomethylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-[cyanomethyl(methyl)carbamoyl]-pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(dimethylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-4- yl, pyrazin-2-yl, 6-chloropyridazin-3-yl, 5-bromopyrazin-2-yl, 6-methoxypyridazin-3-yl, 6-ethoxypyridazin-3-yl,1-methyl-6-oxo-pyridazin-3-yl, 5-cyanothiazol-2-yl, or 5-carbamoyl-thiazol-2-yl.

[0088] Further compounds of formula (I) are made available, where A is CH or N, preferably A is CH; X isoxygen or sulfur; preferably X is oxygen; R1is hydrogen or methyl; R2ais hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, 1-fluorocyclopropyl, or 1-cyanocyclopropyl; R2bis chloro, bromo, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, or cyclopropyl; R3is methyl or trifluoromethyl; preferably, R3is methyl; Q is Qa-1, Qa-4, Qa-5, Qa-10, Qa-15, or Qa-16; R4is 5- cyano-2-pyridyl, pyrimidin-2-yl, 5-bromopyrimidin-2-yl, 6-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl, 6-carbamoylpyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(cyanomethylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-[cyanomethyl(methyl)carbamoyl]-pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(dimethylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-4- yl, pyrazin-2-yl, 6-chloropyridazin-3-yl, 5-bromopyrazin-2-yl, 6-methoxypyridazin-3-yl, 6-ethoxypyridazin-3-yl,1-methyl-6-oxo-pyridazin-3-yl, 5-cyanothiazol-2-yl, or 5-carbamoyl-thiazol-2-yl.

[0089] Compounds of formula (I) are made available, where A is CH; X is oxygen; R1 is hydrogen or methyl;R2ais hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, 1-fluorocyclopropyl, or 1-cyanocyclopropyl; R2bis chloro, bromo, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, or cyclopropyl; R3is methyl or trifluoromethyl; preferably, R3is methyl; Q is Qa;- 1; R4is 5-cyano-2-pyridyl, pyrimidin-2-yl, 5-bromopyrimidin-2-yl, 6-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl, 6-carbamoylpyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(cyanomethylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, pyrazin-2-yl, 6-chloropyridazin-3-yl, 5-bromopyrazin-2-yl, 6-methoxypyridazin-3-yl, 6-ethoxypyridazin-3-yl, 1-methyl-6-oxo- pyridazin-3-yl, or 5-cyanothiazol-2-yl.

[0090] Compounds of formula (I) are made available, where A is CH; X is oxygen; R1 is hydrogen or methyl;R2ais hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, 1-fluorocyclopropyl, or 1-cyanocyclopropyl; R2bis bromo, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl or difluoromethoxy; R3is methyl or trifluoromethyl; preferably, R3is methyl; Q is Qa;-1, Qa-4, Qa-5, Qa-10, Qa-15, or Qa-16; R4is 5-cyano-2-pyridyl, pyrimidin-2-yl, 5-fluoropyrimidin-2-yl, 5- chloropyrimidin-2-yl, 5-bromopyrimidin-2-yl, 6-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl, 6-carbamoylpyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(cyanomethylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, pyrazin-2-yl, 6-methoxypyridazin-3-yl, 1-methyl-6-oxo-pyridazin-3-yl, 5-carbamoylpyrazin-2-yl, or 5-cyanothiazol-2-yl.

[0091] Compounds of formula (I) are made available, where A is CH; X is oxygen; R1 is hydrogen or methyl;R2ais hydrogen, methyl, or cyclopropyl; R2bis difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl or difluoromethoxy; R3is methyl; Q is Qa;-1; R4is 5-cyano-2-pyridyl, pyrimidin-2-yl, 6-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl, or 6-carbamoylpyrimidin-4-yl.

[0092] Compounds of formula (I) are made available, where A is CH; X is oxygen; R1 is hydrogen or methyl;R2ais hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, 1-fluorocyclopropyl, or 1-cyanocyclopropyl; R2bis chloro, bromo, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, or cyclopropyl; R3is methyl or trifluoromethyl; preferably, R3is methyl; Q is Qb;-1; R4a is 5-cyano-2-pyridyl or pyrimidin-2-yl.109921 | 83176 FF

[0093] Compounds of formula (I) are made available, where A is CH; X is oxygen; R1 is hydrogen or methyl;R2ais hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, 1-fluorocyclopropyl, or 1-cyanocyclopropyl; R2bis bromo, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl or difluoromethoxy; R3is methyl or trifluoromethyl; preferably, R3is methyl; Q is Qb;-1; R4ais 5-cyano-2-pyridyl or pyrimidin-2-yl. Synthesis

[0094] Compounds of formula (I) can be prepared by those skilled in the art following known methods. Morespecifically compounds of formulae (I), (I’a) and (I-A), and intermediates therefor can be prepared as describedbelow in the schemes and examples. Certain stereogenic centers have been left unspecified for the clarity and are not intended to limit the teaching of the schemes in any way.

[0095] Compounds of formula (I), wherein Q, R1 and R3 are as defined in the first aspect, can be made, forexample, as shown in scheme 1.Scheme 1

[0096] T representshave the same meaning as given forcompounds of formula (I), and the staggered line represents the connection to the remainder of the compound T is attached to, such as the compounds of the formula (I), (Ia), (Ia-1), (Ib), (II), (IV), (IVa), (X), (XI) in Schemes 1 to 6.

[0097] Compounds of the formula (I) can be made, for example, by reaction of a compound of the formula(II), wherein X1is hydroxy or a leaving group, such as a halogen or sulfonate, for instance chloride, and wherein T has the meaning given above, with a compound of formula (III), or a salt thereof (such as a hydrohalide salt, preferably a hydrochloride or a hydrobromide salt, or a trifluoroacetic acid salt, or any other equivalent salt),wherein R1, R3 and Q have the same meaning as given above for compounds of the formula (I). In the casethat X1is hydroxy, it may be advantageous to carry out the reaction in the presence of a dehydration reagent,for instance a peptide coupling reagent, such as, for example, a carbodiimide, HATU (1-[bis(dimethylamino)-methylene]-1H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-b]pyridinium 3-oxide hexafluorophosphate, also known as Hexafluorophosphate Azabenzotriazole Tetramethyl Uronium) or propanephosphonic acid cyclic anhydride (T3P®). Such reactions can be conducted neat or in a solvent, preferably in a solvent, such as an organic solvent, for instance acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, ethyl acetate, N,N-dimethylacetamide or N,N-dimethylformamide, in a temperature range of -100 to +300 °C, preferably between109921 | 83176 FFambient temperature and 200 °C, with or without the presence of a catalyst, for instance an acylation catalyst,such as 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), and with or without the addition of a base, such as an inorganic base, for instance sodium, potassium or cesium carbonate, or an organic base, such as, for example, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine or pyridine. Compounds of the formula (II) are either known, or they canbe prepared by methods known to a person skilled in the art. In particular, compounds of the formula (II) whereinX1is a leaving group, such as a halogen, for instance chloride, can be formed by treatment of compounds of formula (II) wherein X1is hydroxy with, for example, oxalyl chloride or thionyl chloride, in the presence of catalytic quantities of N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), in inert solvents such as for instance dichloromethane (DCM) or tetrahydrofuran (THF), at temperatures between 0°C to 100°C, preferably around 25°C. Such methods are known to those skilled in the art and described for example in Tetrahedron 2005, 61 (46), 10827- 10852.Scheme 2

[0098] Compounds of formula (III), or a salt thereof, wherein Q, R1 and R3 have the same meaning as givenabove for compounds of the formula (I), can be made, for example, as shown in scheme 2. Treatment of acompound of the formula (V), wherein R3 and Q have the same meaning as given above for compounds of theformula (I) and X2 is a leaving group, such as a halogen or sulfonate, for instance bromide, with an amine ofthe formula (XIX), or a salt thereof, wherein R1has the same meaning as given above for compounds of theformula (I), gives compounds of the formula (III), wherein Q, R1 and R3 have the same meaning as given abovefor compounds of the formula (I). The reaction can be conducted neat or in a solvent, preferably in a solvent,such as an organic solvent, for instance acetonitrile, in a temperature range of -100 to +300 °C, preferablybetween ambient temperature and 200 °C, with or without the addition of a base, such as an inorganic base,for instance potassium carbonate, or an organic base, such as, for example, triethylamine.

[0099] Alternatively, treatment of a compound of the formula (VII), wherein R3 and Q have the same meaningas given above for compounds of the formula (I), with an amine of the formula (XIX), or a salt thereof, wherein R1has the same meaning as given above for compounds of the formula (I), gives compounds of the formula(III), wherein Q, R1 and R3 have the same meaning as given above for compounds of the formula (I). Thisreaction is done in the presence of a reducing agent, such as for example hydrogen, or a hydride, such as sodium borohydride, with or without a catalyst, such as a hydrogenation catalyst, for example palladium oncarbon, with or without the presence of an acid, such as acetic acid, or a Lewis acid, such as zinc bromide ortitanium(IV) isopropoxide, in a solvent or without a solvent, such as, for instance, methanol. The reaction canbe conducted in a temperature range of -100 to +300 °C, preferably between ambient temperature and 200 °C.Such methods, and the range of conditions to perform them, for the alkylation of amines and for the reductive109921 | 83176 FFalkylation of amines (e.g. in the presence of NaBH(OAc)3 or NaBH3CN, in a suitable solvent, preferably in acetic acid, at room temperature, analogous to WO2002 / 088073; or alternatively, by the use of a combination of Ti(i- OiPr)4 and NaBH4 as described in Synthesis 2003 (14), 2206) are well known to a person skilled in the art. The amines of formula (XIX), or a salt thereof, wherein R1has the same meaning as given above for compounds of the formula (I), are either known, or they can be prepared by methods known to a person skilled in the art.Scheme 3

[0100] Alternatively, compounds of formula (I) can be made, for example, by reaction of compound of theformula (IV), wherein T has the same meaning as given above in Scheme 1, and R1has the same meaning asgiven above for compounds of the formula (I), with a compound of the formula (V), wherein R3 and Q have thesame meaning as given above for compounds of the formula (I), and X2is a leaving group, such as a halogen or sulfonate, for instance chloride or bromide. The reaction can be conducted neat or in a solvent, preferablyin a solvent, such as an organic solvent, for instance acetonitrile, in a temperature range of -100 to +300 °C,preferably between ambient temperature and 200 °C, with or without the addition of a base, such as aninorganic base, for instance potassium carbonate, or an organic base, such as, for example, triethylamine. Such methods for the alkylation of amines, and the range of conditions to perform them, are well known to a person skilled in the art.

[0101] Alternatively, a compound of the formula (I) can be made by reaction of a compound of the formula(IVa), wherein T has the same meaning as given above in Scheme 1, with a compound of the formula (VII),wherein R3 and Q have the same meaning as given above for compounds of the formula (I). This reaction isdone in the presence of a reducing agent, such as for example hydrogen, or a hydride, such as sodium borohydride, with or without a catalyst, such as a hydrogenation catalyst, for example palladium on carbon, with or without the presence of an acid, such as acetic acid, or a Lewis acid, such as zinc bromide, in a solvent or without a solvent, such as, for instance, methanol. The reaction can be conducted in a temperature range of-100 to +300 °C, preferably between ambient temperature and 200 °C. Such methods for the reductivealkylation of amines, and the range of conditions to perform them, are well known to a person skilled in the art.Scheme 4109921 | 83176 FF

[0102] Compounds of formula (V), wherein R3 and Q have the same meaning as given above for compoundsof the formula (I), and X2is a leaving group, such as a halogen or sulfonate, for instance chloride or bromide,can be made, for example, as shown in scheme 4. Treatment of a compound of the formula (VIII), wherein R3and Q have the same meaning as given above for compounds of the formula (I), with a halogenating agent,such as chlorine, bromine, N-chlorosuccinimide or N-bromosuccinimide, for example, gives compound of the formula (V), wherein the leaving group X2is a halogen, for instance chloride or bromide. This reaction is done with or without a solvent, preferably in a solvent, with or without an additive, such as a radical starter, such as, for example, benzoyl peroxide or azoisobutyronitrile. The reaction can be done with or without exposure tovisible light, or to UV light, and it can be conducted in a temperature range of -100 to +300 °C, preferablybetween ambient temperature and 200 °C.

[0103] Alternatively, a compound of the formula (VII), wherein R3 and Q have the same meaning as givenabove for compounds of the formula (I), can be treated with a reducing agent, followed by reaction with asulfonyl chloride, for instance methanesulfonyl chloride, to give a compound of the formula (V), wherein the leaving group X2is a sulfonate, for instance a mesylate. This reaction can be done in a solvent, or without a solvent, in the presence of a base, such as an inorganic base, for instance potassium carbonate, or an organic base, such as an amine base, for instance trimethylamine, or without a base, and it can be conducted in atemperature range of -100 to +300 °C, preferably between ambient temperature and 200 °C. A suitablereducing agent could be, for example, hydrogen, or a hydride, such as sodium borohydride, with or without a catalyst, such as a hydrogenation catalyst, for example palladium on carbon, with or without the presence of an acid, such as acetic acid, or a Lewis acid, such as zinc bromide, in a solvent or without a solvent, such as,for instance, methanol. The reaction can be conducted in a temperature range of -100 to +300 °C, preferablybetween ambient temperature and 200 °C. Such methods for the halogenation, the reduction of carbonylcompounds and the sulfonylation of alcohols, and the range of conditions to perform them, are well known to a person skilled in the art. The compounds of the formula (VII) and the compounds of formula (VIII), wherein R3and Q have the same meaning as given above for compounds of the formula (I), are either known, or they can be prepared by methods known to a person skilled in the art.

[0104] Alternatively, compounds of formula (Ia-1), wherein T has the same meaning as given above inScheme 1, and R1, R3and Q have the same meaning as given above for compounds of the formula (I), except that R1is different from hydrogen, can be made, for example, as shown in scheme 5. A compound of theformula (Ia), wherein T has the same meaning as given above in Scheme 1, and R3 and Q have the samemeaning as given above for compounds of the formula (I), can be reacted with a compound of the formula (VI),109921 | 83176 FFwherein R1has the same meaning as given above for compounds of the formula (I), except that R1is different from hydrogen, and wherein X30is a leaving group, such as a halogen or sulfonate, for instance a chloride, bromide, iodide or mesylate, to give a compound of formula (Ia-1). This reaction can be conducted neat or in a solvent, preferably in a solvent, such as an organic solvent, for instance acetonitrile, dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) or N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA), or mixtures thereof, in a temperature rangeof -100 to +300 °C, preferably between ambient temperature and 200 °C, with or without the addition of a base,such as an inorganic base, for instance sodium, potassium or cesium carbonate, or an organic base, such as, for example, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine or pyridine. Such methods for the alkylation of amines, andthe range of conditions to perform them, are well known to a person skilled in the art and are described forexample in WO2021 / 083936. Compounds of the formula (VI), wherein R1has the same meaning as given above for compounds of the formula (I), except that R1is different from hydrogen, and wherein X30is a leaving group, such as a halogen or sulfonate, for instance a chloride, bromide, iodide or mesylate, are either known, or they can be prepared by methods known to a person skilled in the art.

[0105] Compounds of formula (Ib), wherein T has the same meaning as given above in Scheme 1, and R3,R4and R5have the same meaning as given above for compounds of the formula (I), can be made, for example, as shown in scheme 6. Reaction of a compound of the formula (II), wherein T has the same meaning as given above in Scheme 1 and wherein X1is hydroxy or a leaving group, such as a halogen or sulfonate, for instance chloride, with a compound of the formula (IX), or a salt thereof, wherein R3has the same meaning as given above for compounds of the formula (I), gives a compound of the formula (X), wherein T has the same meaning as given above in Scheme 1, and wherein R3has the same meaning as given above for compounds of the formula (I). In the case that X1is hydroxy, it may be advantageous to carry out the reaction in the presence ofa dehydration reagent, for instance a peptide coupling reagent, such as, for example, a carbodiimide, HATU (1-[bis(dimethylamino)-methylene]-1H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-b]pyridinium 3-oxide hexafluorophosphate, also knownas Hexafluorophosphate Azabenzotriazole Tetramethyl Uronium) or propanephosphonic acid cyclic anhydride(T3P®). The reaction can be conducted neat or in a solvent, preferably in a solvent, such as an organic solvent,109921 | 83176 FFfor instance acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, ethyl acetate, N,N-dimethylacetamide orN,N-dimethylformamide, in a temperature range of -100 to +300 °C, preferably between ambient temperatureand 200 °C, with or without the presence of a catalyst, for instance an acylation catalyst, such as 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), and with or without the addition of a base, such as an inorganic base, for instance sodium, potassium or cesium carbonate, or an organic base, such as, for example, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine or pyridine.

[0106] Subsequent treatment of compound of the formula (X), wherein T has the same meaning as givenabove in Scheme 1, R3has the same meaning as given above for compounds of the formula (I), with the knowncompound (XIII), wherein R5 is hydrogen, C1-C3alkyl or C3-C4cycloalkyl (e.g. XIII is N,N-dimethylformamidedimethyl acetal, also named DMF-DMA), gives a compound of the formula (XI), wherein T has the samemeaning as given above in Scheme 1, and wherein R3has the same meaning as given above for compoundsof the formula (I), and R5 is hydrogen, C1-C3alkyl, or C3-C4cycloalkyl. This reaction can be conducted neat orin a solvent, preferably in a solvent, such as an organic solvent, for instance dichloromethane,tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran or dioxane, in a temperature range of -100 to +300 °C, preferablybetween ambient temperature and 100 °C, or between ambient temperature and 50 °C, without a base or inthe presence of a base, such as an inorganic base, for instance sodium, potassium or cesium carbonate, or an organic base, such as, for example, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine or pyridine.

[0107] Further reaction of compound of the formula (XI), wherein T has the same meaning as given abovein Scheme 1, R3has the same meaning as given above for compounds of the formula (I), and R5is hydrogen,C1-C3alkyl, or C3-C4cycloalkyl, with a hydrazine compound of the formula (XII) or a tautomer thereof, or a saltthereof, wherein R4has the same meaning as given above for compounds of the formula (I), gives the compound of the formula (Ib), wherein T has the same meaning as given above in Scheme 1, R3and R4havethe same meaning as given above for compounds of the formula (I), and R5 is hydrogen, C1-C3alkyl, or C3-C4cycloalkyl. This reaction can be conducted neat or in a solvent, preferably in a solvent, such as an organic solvent, for instance 1,4-dioxane, or acetic acid, or a mixture of 1,4-dioxane and acetic acid, in a temperaturerange of -100 to +300 °C, preferably between ambient temperature and 200 °C, or between ambienttemperature and 80 °C. Within this sequence of transformations, the intermediate compounds of formula (X)and of formula (XI) can be used as crude products for the subsequent step, or they can be purified, for instance by chromatography, and used in purified form for the next transformation.

[0108] Compounds of the formula (IX), or a salt thereof, wherein R3 has the same meaning as given abovefor compounds of the formula (I), are either known, or they can be prepared by methods known to a personskilled in the art. Hydrazine compounds of formula (XII) or a tautomer thereof, or a salt thereof, wherein R4 hasthe same meaning as given above for compounds of the formula (I), are either known, or they can be preparedby methods known to a person skilled in the art.

[0109] Compounds of the formula (Ik)109921 | 83176 FFcan be prepared by the reaction of an amine of the formula (IIIf), or a salt thereofwherein R1, R3, R4 and R5 are as described in formula (I), with a compound of the formula (IIa)wherein A, R2a and R2b are as described in formula (I) and X1 is hydroxy or a leaving group, such as ahalogen or a sulfonate, for instance chloride, under conditions already described in Scheme 1.Scheme 7109921 | 83176 FF

[0110] Compounds of formula (Ic) can be made, for example, as shown in scheme 7. Reaction of acompound of the formula (XVII) (wherein X05 is a leaving group such as chlorine, bromine, iodine, arysulfonate, alkylsulfonate or trifluoromethanesulfonate) with an amine of the formula (XIX), or a salt thereof, gives compounds of the formula (XVI), or a salt thereof. This reaction is done in the presence of a reducing agent, such as for example hydrogen, or a hydride, such as sodium borohydride, with or without a catalyst, such as a hydrogenation catalyst, for example palladium on carbon, with or without the presence of an acid, such as acetic acid, or a Lewis acid, such as zinc bromide, in a solvent or without a solvent, such as, for instance,methanol. The reaction can be conducted in a temperature range of -100 to +300 °C, preferably betweenambient temperature and 200 °C. Such methods, and the range of conditions to perform them, for the reductivealkylation of amines are well known to a person skilled in the art.

[0111] Subsequent reaction of the intermediate of the formula (XVI) , or a salt thereof, with a compound ofthe formula (IIa) gives a compound of the formula (XIV). This reaction can be conducted neat or in a solvent,preferably in a solvent, such as an organic solvent, for instance acetonitrile, in a temperature range of -100 to+300 °C, preferably between ambient temperature and 200 °C, with or without the presence of a catalyst, forinstance a metal catalyst, such as a palladium complex, and with or without the addition of a base, such as aninorganic base, for instance potassium carbonate, or an organic base, such as, for example, triethylamine.

[0112] Subsequently, the intermediate of the formula (XIV) is reacted with a compound of the formula (XV)to give the compound of formula (Ic), wherein A, R2a, R2b, R1, R3 and R4a have the same meaning as givenabove for compounds of the formula (I), and M1 in R4a-M1 is a metal, such as for instance lithium, or –MgCl,or –ZnBr, or –B(OH)2; or R4a-M1 represents a boronate, such as a pinacol ester of a boronic acid, or a stannanesuch as R4a-Sn(n-Bu)3. Such transformations are known to a person skilled in the art as Suzuki-, Kumada-,Negishi- or Stille-coupling reactions, respectively. Such reactions are carried out in a temperature range of -100 to +300 °C, preferably between ambient temperature and 200 °C, in the presence of a catalyst, such as ametal catalyst, for instance a palladium catalyst (for example palladium(II) acetate, 1,1’-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene-palladium(II)dichloride or tetrakis(triphenyl-phosphine)palladium(0)), andoptionally in the presence of an additional ligand, such as for example a phosphine ligand, or an N-heterocycliccarbene (NHC) ligand, or a phosphite ligand. The reaction can be done in the presence or absence of an additional metal catalyst, such as, for example, a copper salt, for instance CuI. The reaction is done with or without a base, which can be an inorganic base, such as potassium carbonate, or sodium hydroxide, or cesiumcarbonate, or tribasic potassium phosphate, or an organic base, such as an amine base, for instancetriethyl amine. This reaction is done with or without a solvent, preferentially in a solvent, such astetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile, toluene or N,N-dimethylformamide, optionally in the presence of water. Where the reaction mixture is heated, the reaction can be conducted under microwave irradiation or with conventional heating, such as heating the reaction vessel in an oil bath.

[0113] By an alternative route, compound (XVII) can be reacted with a compound of the formula (XV) to giveintermediate (XVIII). This reaction is done essentially under in the same range of conditions as described for the transformation of intermediate (XIV) to the compound of formula (Ic).109921 | 83176 FF

[0114] Subsequently, the intermediate (XVIII) is reacted with a compound of the formula (IVb) to give acompound of the formula (Ic), wherein R1 is hydrogen and A, R2a, R2b, R3 and R4a have the same meaning asgiven above for compounds of the formula (I). This reaction is done in the presence of a reducing agent, essentially under the same conditions as described above for the transformation of compound (XVII) to intermediate (XVI).

[0115] By yet another alternative route, the intermediate compound of the formula (XVIII) can be reactedwith an amine of the formula (XIX), or a salt thereof, to give the intermediate of the formula (IIIa), or a salt thereof. This reaction is done in the presence of a reducing agent, essentially under the same conditions as described above for the transformation of compound (XVII) to intermediate (XVI).

[0116] Subsequently, the intermediate of the formula (IIIa), or a salt thereof, is reacted with a compound ofthe formula (IIa) to give the compound of the formula (Ic), wherein A, R2a, R2b, R1, R3 and R4a have the samemeaning as given above for compounds of the formula (I). This reaction is done essentially under the same conditions as described above for the transformation of intermediate (XVI) to intermediate (XIV).

[0117] Within these different multistep sequences, the intermediate compounds of formulas (XIV), (XVI),(XVIII) and (IIIa) can be used as crude products for the respective subsequent step, or they can be purified, for instance by chromatography, and used in purified form for the next transformation. Compounds of the formula (XVII) are known, or they can be prepared by methods known to a person skilled in the art.

[0118] Compounds of the formula (Id)can be prepared by the reaction of an amine of the formula (IIIb), or a salt thereofwherein R1, R3, R4a, R5a and R5b are as described in formula (I), with a compound of the formula (IIa)109921 | 83176 FFwherein A, R2a and R2b are as described in formula (I) and X1 is hydroxy or a leaving group, such as ahalogen or a sulfonate, for instance chloride, under conditions already described in Scheme 1.

[0119] The chemistry is described in more detail in Scheme 8.Scheme 8

[0120] Reaction of a compound of the formula (IIa), wherein X1 is a leaving group, such as a halogen orsulfonate, for instance chloride, with a compound of formula (IIIb), or a salt thereof, gives a compound of theformula (Id), wherein A, R2a, R2b, R1, R3, R4a, R5a and R5b have the same meaning as given above forcompounds of the formula (I). The reaction can be conducted neat or in a solvent, preferably in a solvent, suchas an organic solvent, for instance acetonitrile, in a temperature range of -100 to +300 °C, preferably betweenambient temperature and 200 °C, with or without the presence of a catalyst, for instance a metal catalyst, suchas a palladium complex, and with or without the addition of a base, such as an inorganic base, for instance potassium carbonate, or an organic base, such as, for example, triethylamine.

[0121] The formation of compounds of formula (IIIb) is outlined in Scheme 9.Scheme 9

[0122] Compounds of formula (IIIb), or a salt thereof, can be prepared by treatment of compounds of formula(IIIc), or a salt thereof, wherein R3, R4a, R5a, and R5b are as described in formula (I), with compounds of formula(XX) wherein R1a is for example H, methyl or cyclopropyl, e.g. in the presence of NaBH(OAc)3 or NaBH3CN, ina suitable solvent, preferably in acetic acid at room temperature analogous to WO2002 / 088073, page 35. Alternatively, another reagent system for the reductive amination uses a combination of Ti(i-OiPr)4 and NaBH4 (see Synthesis 2003 (14), 2206).

[0123] Amines of formula (IIIc), or a salt thereof, may be obtained by biocatalyzed deracemization of aminesof formula (IIId), or a salt thereof. This may be done for instance using a lipase, e.g. Candida Antarctica lipaseB or Pseudomonas fluorescens lipase, eventually in immobilized form (e.g. Novozym® 435) in presence of anacyl donor, e.g. ethyl methoxyacetate or vinyl acetate, in a suitable solvent such as acetonitrile or methyl tert-butyl ether at temperatures between 20 °C to 100 °C. Such processes are described for instance in J. Org.109921 | 83176 FFChem. 2007, 72, 6918-6923 or Adv. Synth. Catal. 2007, 349, 1481-1488. The expected stereochemicaloutcome of such enzymatic deracemization are known of those skilled in the art and are documented in theliterature, for instance in J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56, 2656-2665 or J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2015, 137, 3996−4009.

[0124] In an alternative process, compounds of formula (IIIc), or a salt thereof (such as a hydrohalide salt,preferably a hydrochloride or a hydrobromide salt, or a trifluoroacetic acid salt, or any other equivalent salt),can be obtained from compounds of the formula (XXII), wherein R3, R4a, R5a, and R5b are as described informula (I), following the synthesis described in Scheme 10.Scheme 10

[0125] Amines of formula (IIIc), or a salt thereof, may be obtained from intermediates of formula (XXII),wherein R3, R4a, R5a, and R5b are as described in formula (I) and Z3 is -NPhth (N-phthalimide group) or -NBoc2(N-bis(tert-butyloxycarbonyl) group), typically by treatment with either hydrazine (preferably hydrazine hydrateor hydrazine monohydrate) in an alcohol solvent such as ethanol or isopropanol (Z3 is -NPhth), or with an acidsuch as trifluoroacetic acid or hydrochloric acid in the presence of a suitable solvent such as dichloromethane,tetrahydrofuran or dioxane (Z3is -NBoc2), under deprotection conditions known to a person skilled in the art, and described in the literature, such as for example in: Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis, 3rd Edition Theodora W. Green (The Rowland Institute for Science) and Peter G. M. Wuts (Pharmacia and Upjohn Company), John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, NY.1999, ISBN 0-471-16019-9.

[0126] Such intermediates of formula (XXII), wherein R3, R4a, R5a, and R5b are as described in formula (I)and Z3is -NPhth (N-phthalimide group) or -NBoc2(N-bis(tert-butyloxycarbonyl) group), can be obtained fromalcohols of formula (XXI), wherein R3, R4a, R5a, and R5b are as described in formula (I), by a Mitsunobu reaction,which involves treating alcohols of formula (XXI) with an azodicarboxylate, such as diethyl azodicarboxylateor diisopropyl azodicarboxylate in the presence of a phosphine, such as triphenylphosphine ortributylphosphine, and of an amine such as phthalimide (HNPhth) or bis(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amine(HNBoc2).Mitsunobu reactions are known by those skilled in the art to proceed with inversion of the stereocenter, asdescribed for instance in Chem. Rev. 2009, 109, 2551-2651.

[0127] Alternatively, amines of formula (IIIc) may be obtained by reduction of azides of formula (XXIII),wherein R3, R4a, R5a, and R5b are as described in formula (I), by treatment with triphenylphosphine and water(Staudinger reaction) or by hydrogenation for example using a palladium catalyst in the presence of hydrogen.Azides of formula (XXIII) may be obtained by treatment of alcohols of formula (XXI), wherein R3, R4a, R5a,109921 | 83176 FFand R5b are as described in formula (I), with an azidation reagent such as diphenyl phosphoryl azide in a solventsuch as toluene or THF in presence of a base such as DBU. Such processes are known by those skilled in the art to proceed with inversion of the stereocenter and are described in the literature for instance in Adv. Synth.Catal. 2018, 360, 2157–2165.

[0128] Alcohols of formula (XXI) may be obtained by enantioselective reduction of ketones of formula (XXIV),wherein R3, R4a, R5a, and R5b are as described in formula (I). Such reductions can be done using a catalyst, forinstance a ruthenium or a rhodium catalyst with a chiral ligand such as RuCl[(R,R)-TsDPEN](mesitylene) or RuBF4[(R,R)-TsDPEN](p-cymene) in the presence of a hydrogen donor system such as for exampleHCOOH / Et3N or HCO2NH4. Such processes are described in the literature for instance in J. Org. Chem.2017,82, 5607.

[0129] Alternatively, compounds of formula (IIIc) may also be prepared as outlined in Scheme 11.Scheme 11

[0130] Amines of formula (IIIc), or a salt thereof (such as a hydrohalide salt, preferably a hydrochloride or ahydrobromide salt, or a trifluoroacetic acid salt, or any other equivalent salt), can be prepared by deprotectionof amines of formula (XXV), wherein R3, R4a, R5a, and R5b are as described in formula (I), for instance using anacid such as trifluoroacetic acid or hydrochloric acid, optionally in the presence of a suitable solvent such as dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran or dioxane.

[0131] Amines of formula (XXV) can be obtained by condensation of diamines of formula (XLVII),wherein R5a, and R5b are as described in formula (I), on diketones of formula (XXVI), wherein R3 and R4a areas described in formula (I). This condensation can take place in the presence of a suitable solvent such as ethanol or isopropanol in presence of an oxidant such as air or DDQ.

[0132] Diketones of formula (XXVI) may be formed by oxidation of hydroxyketones of formula (XXVII),wherein R3 and R4a are as described in formula (I). This oxidation can involve for instance SO3-pyridine inpresence of solvents such as dichloromethane or dimethyl sulfoxide DMSO, or mixtures thereof, and a base for instance triethylamine or alternatively sodium hypochlorite in presence of a catalyst such as109921 | 83176 FFTEMPO / Bu4NHSO4. Examples of such oxidations can be found in the literature, for instance inSynlett, 2014, 25, 596 or J. Am. Chem. Soc.1990, 112, 5290-5313.

[0133] Hydroxyketones of formula (XXVII) may be synthesized by cross-benzoin condensation betweenaldehydes of formula (XXIX), wherein R4a is as described in formula (I), and aldehydes of formula (XXVIII),wherein R3is as described in formula (I).

[0134] Aldehydes of formula (XXVIII) are commercially available in chiral form, like for instance Boc-L-alaninal (CAS 79069-50-4) or tert-butyl N-[(1S)-1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]carbamate (CAS 881902-36- 9). Cross-benzoin condensations are done in the usual way by employing an organocatalyst such as a triazolium salt or a thiazolium salt, in the presence of a base such as potassium tert-butoxide or N,N-isopropylethylamine, in a suitable solvent such as DCM or THF, at a temperature between -20 °C and theboiling point of the solvent. Examples of catalysts for such transformations have been described in the literaturefor instance in J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, 7539-7542 or in Org. Lett. 2016, 18, 4518-4521.Scheme 12

[0135] As shown in Scheme 12, compounds of formula (Id) can be alternatively prepared by reaction ofcompounds of formula (XXX) (wherein A, R2a, R2b, R1, R3, R5a and R5b are as defined in formula (I) and X07 isa leaving group like, for example, chlorine, bromine, iodine) with compounds of formula (XXXI) (Stillereaction; R4a in XXXI is as defined in formula I) or compounds of formula (XXXII) (Suzuki-Miyaura reaction; R4ain XXXII is as defined in formula (I) and W is a boronic acid B(OH)2 group, or a corresponding boronate, such109921 | 83176 FFas a pinacol ester of said boronic acid) in the presence of a palladium catalyst as described in detail in Scheme 7.

[0136] Compounds of formula (XXX) can be prepared by coupling of amines of formula (XXXIII) andcompounds of formula (IIa), wherein A, R2a, R2b and X1 are described in Scheme 1, under the conditionsdescribed in detail in Scheme 1. Under the same conditions, if R1 = H, compounds of formula (XXX) may beobtained directly from compounds of formula (XXXIV).

[0137] Compounds of formula (XXXIII) can be prepared by treatment of compounds of formula (XXXIV), withcompounds of formula (XX) (wherein R1a is for example H, methyl or cyclopropyl), e.g. in the presence ofNaBH(OAc)3 or NaBH3CN, in a suitable solvent, preferably in acetic acid at room temperature analogous to WO2002 / 088073, page 35. Alternatively, another reagent system for the reductive amination uses a combination of Ti(i-OiPr)4 and NaBH4 (see Synthesis 2003 (14), 2206).

[0138] Amines of formula (XXXIV) can be prepared by deracemization procedure method, which involvesfor example, a selective acylation of one enantiomer. Such an example is described in Scheme 13 more in details. Chemoenzymatic resolution biocatalyst e.g. lipase or protease acylating agent e.g. ethyl methoxyacetate or vinyl acetatesolvent e.g. ACN or TBMET = 20 to 100 °C XXXIVa XXXIV X07= Cl, Br, I, OMs, OTs or OTf X07= Cl, Br, I, OMs, OTs or OTf Scheme 13

[0139] Amines of formula (XXXIV) may be obtained by biocatalyzed deracemization of amines of formula(XXXIVa), wherein R3, R5a, and R5b are as in formula (I) and X07 is a leaving group such as bromine, chlorineor iodine. This may be done for instance using a lipase, e.g. Candida Antarctica lipase B or Pseudomonasfluorescens lipase, eventually in immobilized form (e.g. Novozym® 435) in presence of an acyl donor, e.g. ethylmethoxyacetate or vinyl acetate, in a suitable solvent such as acetonitrile or methyl tert-butyl ether attemperatures between 20 °C to 100 °C. Such processes are described for instance in J. Org. Chem.2007, 72,6918-6923 or Adv. Synth. Catal. 2007, 349, 1481-1488. The expected stereochemical outcome of suchenzymatic deracemization are known of those skilled in the art and are documented in the literature, for instancein J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56, 2656-2665 or J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2015, 137, 3996−4009.

[0140] Alternatively, resolution of amines of formula (XXXIVa) to give amines of formula (XXXIV) may beachieved using a chiral auxiliary, as described in Scheme 14.109921 | 83176 FFScheme 14

[0141] Amines of formula (XXXIV) can be prepared from intermediates of formula (XXXVII), wherein R3, R5a,and R5b are as in compounds of the formula (I), X07 is a leaving group such as bromine, chlorine or iodine,and X12* is a chiral auxiliary, by treatment with acids such as HCl or bases such as NaOH. Chiral auxiliaries offormula (XXXVI) are for instance mandelic acid or (1R)-menthylchloroformate. Intermediates of formula (XXXVII) can be formed by coupling of a chiral auxiliary of formula (XXXVI), wherein X0 is a leaving group, such as chlorine, with amines of the formula (XXXIVa) following the conditions detailed in Scheme 1. Examples of such deracemization processes are reported in the literature, for instance in J. Org. Chem.2007, 72, 485-493.

[0142] Alternatively, amines of formula (XXXIV), or a salt thereof (such as a hydrohalide salt, preferably ahydrochloride or a hydrobromide salt, or a trifluoroacetic acid salt, or any other equivalent salt), can be formed as described in Scheme 15.Scheme 15

[0143] Amines of formula (XXXIV), or a salt thereof, may be obtained from intermediates of formula (XXIIa),wherein R3, R5a, and R5b are as described in formula (I), X07 is a leaving group such as a halogen or sulfonate,for instance bromide, and Z3 is -NPhth (N-phthalimide group) or -NBoc2 (N-bis(tert-butyloxycarbonyl) group),typically by treatment with either hydrazine (preferably hydrazine hydrate or hydrazine monohydrate) in analcohol solvent such as ethanol or isopropanol (Z3 is -NPhth), or with an acid such as trifluoroacetic acid or109921 | 83176 FFhydrochloric acid in the presence of a suitable solvent such as dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran or dioxane(Z3 is -NBoc2), under deprotection conditions known to a person skilled in the art, and described in the literature, such as for example in: Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis, 3rd Edition Theodora W. Green (The Rowland Institute for Science) and Peter G. M. Wuts (Pharmacia and Upjohn Company), John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, NY.1999, ISBN 0-471-16019-9.

[0144] Such intermediates of formula (XXIIa), wherein R3, R5a, and R5b are as described in formula (I), X07is a leaving group such as a halogen or sulfonate, for instance bromide, and Z3 is -NPhth (N-phthalimide group) or -NBoc2 (N-bis(tert-butyloxycarbonyl) group), can be obtained from alcohols of formula (XXIa), whereinR3, R5a, and R5b are as described in formula (I) and X07 is a leaving group, by a Mitsunobu reaction, whichinvolves treating alcohols of formula (XXIa) with an azodicarboxylate, such as diethyl azodicarboxylateor diisopropyl azodicarboxylate, in the presence of a phosphine, such as triphenylphosphine ortributylphosphine, and of an amine such as phthalimide(HNPhth) or bis(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amine (HNBoc2).Mitsunobu reactions are known by those skilled in the art to proceed with inversion of the stereocenter, asdescribed for instance in Chem. Rev. 2009, 109, 2551-2651.

[0145] Alternatively, amines of formula (XXXIV) may be obtained by reduction of azides of formula (XXIIIa),wherein R3, R5a, and R5b are as described in formula (I) and X07 is a leaving group such as a halogen orsulfonate, for instance bromide, by treatment with triphenylphosphine and water (Staudinger reaction) or by hydrogenation for example using a palladium catalyst in the presence of hydrogen. Azides of formula (XXIIIa) may be obtained by treatment of alcohols of formula (XXIa) with an azidation reagent such as diphenyl phosphoryl azide in a solvent such as toluene or THF in presence of a base such as DBU. Such processes are known by those skilled in the art to proceed with inversion of the stereocenter and are described in the literaturefor instance in Adv. Synth. Catal. 2018, 360, 2157–2165.

[0146] Alcohols of formula (XXIa) may be obtained by enantioselective reduction of ketones of formula(XXIVa), wherein R3, R5a, and R5b are as described in formula (I) and X07 is a leaving group such as a halogenor sulfonate, for instance bromide. Such reductions can be done using catalysts, for instance a ruthenium or a rhodium catalyst with a chiral ligand such as RuCl[(R,R)-TsDPEN](mesitylene) or RuBF4[(R,R)-TsDPEN](p- cymene) in the presence of a hydrogen donor system such as for example HCOOH / Et3N or HCO2NH4. Such processes are described in the literature for instance in J. Org. Chem.2017, 82, 5607.Scheme 16

[0147] As shown above in Scheme 16, compounds of the formula (I’a), a subset of compounds of the formula(I), wherein A, R1, R2a, R2b, R3 and Q are as defined for compounds of the formula (I), can be preparedby reaction of compounds of the formula (IIa-1), a subset of compounds of the formula (II) wherein A, R2aand R2b are as described in formula (I) and X1 is hydroxy, with either compounds of the formula (IIIf) or (IIIb),109921 | 83176 FFor a salt thereof, under conditions already described above (transformations IIa + IIIf to Ik, and IIa + IIIb to Id) and in Scheme 1.

[0148] Compounds of the formula (IIa-1), wherein A, R2a and R2b are as described in formula (I), can beprepared by saponification of compounds of the formula (IIa-2), wherein A, R2a and R2b are as described informula (I), and in which Ra is C1-C6alkyl or benzyl, under conditions known to a person skilled in the art (usingfor example conditions such as: aqueous sodium, potassium or lithium hydroxide in methanol, ethanol,tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran or dioxane at room temperature, or up to refluxing conditions; oralternatively treating compounds of the formula (IIa-2) with an acid, such as for example a hydrohalide acid,preferably hydrochloride or hydrobromide acid, or trifluoroacetic acid, optionally in presence of a solvent, suchas tetrahydrofuran, dioxane or dichloromethane, at temperatures between 0 and 150°C).

[0149] Compounds of the formula (IIa-2), wherein A, R2a and R2b are as described in formula (I), and inwhich Ra is C1-C6alkyl or benzyl, can be prepared by means of a carbonylation reaction on compounds of theformula (XL), wherein A, R2a and R2b are as described in formula (I), and in which X3 is a halogen, preferablybromine, chlorine or iodine (even more preferably bromine or chlorine), in the presence of an alcohol RaOH,wherein Ra is C1-C6alkyl or benzyl. Typically in such a carbonylation reaction, the compounds of formula(XL) are reacted with carbon monoxide CO (usually under pressure, for example in the range of 5 to 200 bar),in the presence of a metal catalyst such as a palladium catalyst (for example: palladium(II) acetate, or 1,1’-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene-palladium(II)dichloride (Pd(dppf)Cl2, optionally as a dichloromethanecomplex)), optionally in the presence of a phosphine ligand, preferably in the presence of a base suchas triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine or pyridine, in an alcohol RaOH solvent (optionally in presence of aninert organic co-solvent), and at temperatures ranging between 0 and 250°C, preferably between roomtemperature and 200°C.

[0150] Alternatively, compounds of the formula (IIa-1), wherein A, R2a and R2b are as described in formula(I), can be prepared by i. performing a lithium-halogen (Li-X3) exchange on compounds of the formula (XL),wherein A, R2a and R2b are as described in formula (I), and in which X3 is a halogen, preferably bromine,chlorine or iodine (even more preferably bromine or chlorine), followed by ii. quenching the formedorganolithium species with carbon dioxide. Such lithium-halogen exchange reactions can be performed using,for example, organolithium compounds such as butyllithium (BuLi), in an anhydrous aprotic solvent, such astetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran or N,N′-dimethylpropylene-urea (DMPU), and at temperaturesranging from -120 to 0°C, preferably between -78 and 0°C. The formed lithiated intermediate is preferablyquenched in situ with carbon dioxide (gasous, or alternatively solid carbon dioxide known as dry ice) to generatethe compounds of the formula (IIa-1). Similar reactions are reported in literature for example in WO2006 / 013048.109921 | 83176 FFScheme 17

[0151] As shown above in Scheme 17, compounds of the formula (XL), wherein A, R2a and R2b are asdescribed in formula (I), and in which X3 is a halogen, preferably bromine, chlorine or iodine (even morepreferably bromine or chlorine), can be prepared by treating compounds of the formula (XL-1), or a salt thereof,wherein A, R2a and R2b are as described in formula (I), and in which X3 is a halogen, preferably bromine,chlorine or iodine (even more preferably bromine or chlorine) and X4 is a leaving group, such as a halogen orsulfonate, for instance a fluoride, chloride, bromide or mesylate, preferably fluoride, chloride or bromide, with a base such as sodium hydride, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, cesiumcarbonate, pyridine amongst others and in the presence of an inert solvent such as acetonitrile, mesitylene,N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, N-methyl-2- pyrrolidone (NMP) amongst others, attemperatures between 20-250°C, preferably at temperatures ranging from room temperature to the boiling point of the reaction mixture, optionally under microwave irradiation, as described for example in WO 2011 / 015652and WO 2022 / 133345. When X4 is bromine, the 1H-indazole formation may be conducted using anintramolecular Ullmann-type reaction, in the presence of copper salts, for instance copper bromide CuBr,preferably in sub-stoichiometric amounts, with for example 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) as abase, in for instance acetonitrile as a solvent, and at temperatures ranging from room temperature to the boilingpoint of the reaction mixture, as described for example in J. Org. Chem.2023, 88, 4209-4223.

[0152] Hydrazone compounds of the formula (XL-1), or a salt thereof, wherein A, R2a and R2b are asdescribed in formula (I), and in which X3 is a halogen, preferably bromine, chlorine or iodine (even morepreferably bromine or chlorine) and X4 is a leaving group, such as a halogen or sulfonate, for instance a fluoride,chloride, bromide or mesylate, preferably fluoride, chloride or bromide, can be prepared by reacting compoundsof the formula (XL-2), wherein A and R2b are as described in formula (I), and in which X3 is a halogen, preferablybromine, chlorine or iodine (even more preferably bromine or chlorine) and X4 is a leaving group, such as ahalogen or sulfonate, for instance a fluoride, chloride, bromide or mesylate, preferably fluoride, chloride orbromide, with hydrazine compounds of the formula R2aNHNH2, or a salt thereof, wherein R2ais as describedin formula (I), optionally in the presence of a base, in solvents such as alcohols, preferably methanol, ethanolor isopropanol, or acetonitrile, and at temperatures ranging from room temperature to the boiling point of the reaction mixture.

[0153] Compounds of the formula (XL-2), wherein A and R2b are as described in formula (I), and in which X3is a halogen, preferably bromine, chlorine or iodine (even more preferably bromine or chlorine) and X4 is aleaving group, such as a halogen or sulfonate, for instance a fluoride, chloride, bromide or mesylate, preferablyfluoride, chloride or bromide, can be prepared by i. performing a metallation reaction on compounds of theformula (XL-3), wherein A and R2b are as described in formula (I), and in which X3 is a halogen, preferably109921 | 83176 FFbromine, chlorine or iodine (even more preferably bromine or chlorine) and X4 is a leaving group, such as ahalogen or sulfonate, for instance a fluoride, chloride, bromide or mesylate, preferably fluoride, chloride orbromide, followed by ii. quenching the formed organometallic species with formylation agents such as formateesters, preferably methyl formate or ethyl formate, or N,N-disubstituted formamides, preferably N,N-dimethylformamide or N-formylmorpholine. Such metallation reactions can be performed using, for example, lithiumdiisopropylamide LDA as a base (alternatively lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide LiHMDS or lithiumtetramethylpiperidide LiTMP, or other organolithium species such as n-butyllithium or tert-butyllithium), in ananhydrous aprotic solvent, such as tetrahydrofuran or 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, and at temperatures rangingfrom -120 to 0°C, preferably between -78 and 0°C. The formed lithiated intermediate is preferably quenched insitu with for instance ethyl formate or N,N-dimethyl formamide to generate the compounds of the formula (XL-2). Similar reactions are reported in literature for example in WO 2011 / 141756, WO 2012 / 162407, WO2020 / 229968, or WO 2022 / 117475.

[0154] Hydrazine compounds of the formula R2aNHNH2, or a salt thereof, wherein R2a is as described informula (I), are either known, or they can be prepared by methods known to a person skilled in the art.Compounds of the formula (XL-3), wherein A and R2b are as described in formula (I), and in which X3 is ahalogen, preferably bromine, chlorine or iodine (even more preferably bromine or chlorine) and X4 is a leavinggroup, such as a halogen or sulfonate, for instance a fluoride, chloride, bromide or mesylate, preferably fluoride,chloride or bromide, are known or even commercially available, or they can be made by known methods.

[0155] Certain compounds of formula (III), or a salt thereof (such as a hydrohalide salt, preferably ahydrochloride or a hydrobromide salt, or any other equivalent salt), wherein R1, R3 and Q have the samemeaning as given above for compounds of the formula (I), are known in the literature.

[0156] For example, compounds of the formula (IIIa) and (IIIb), or a salt thereof as defined above, whereinR1, R3, R4a, R5aand R5bare as described in formula (I), particularly those compounds of the formula (IIIa) and (IIIb), or a salt thereof as defined above, wherein R3and R4aare as described in formula (I) and in which R1, R5aand R5bare hydrogen, can be prepared in analogy to descriptions found for example in WO 2021 / 083936, WO 2021 / 069575, and WO 2022 / 258481.

[0157] Similarly, compounds of the formula (IIIe) and (IIIf), or a salt thereof as defined above, wherein R1,R3, R4and R5are as described in formula (I), particularly those compounds of the formula (IIIe) and (IIIf), or a salt thereof as defined above, wherein R3and R4are as described in formula (I) and in which R1is hydrogen or methyl and R5is hydrogen, methyl or cyclopropyl, can be prepared in analogy to descriptions found forexample in WO 2021 / 083936, WO 2021 / 099303, WO 2021 / 105091, WO 2021 / 165195, WO 2021 / 224323, WO2022 / 268648, WO 2023 / 104714 and WO 2023 / 247360.109921 | 83176 FF

[0158] In particular, compounds of the formula (IIIg), wherein R1, R3, R5, R10 and R11 are as described informula (I) can be prepared according to reactions outlined in Scheme 18.Scheme 18

[0159] As shown in Scheme 18, compounds of the formula (IIIg), wherein R1, R3, R5, R10 and R11 are asdescribed in formula (I), can be prepared from compounds of formula (IIIg-1), wherein R1, R3, R5, R10 and R11are as described in formula (I), and X- is an anion, by treatment with a base, such as for example a hydroxide base or a carbonate base, for example sodium hydroxide or potassium carbonate, or an ion exchange resin. Such procedures are well known to a person skilled in the art and known from the literature and textbooks. The anion X- is the conjugate base of an acid, such as an inorganic acid, for instance hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen iodide, sulfuric acid, or the like, or of an organic acid, such as a carboxylic acid or a sulfonic acid, for instance trifluoroacetic acid, or methane sulfonic acid, or para-toluene sulfonic acid. A great number of such acids are known to a person skilled in the art.109921 | 83176 FF

[0160] Compounds of formula (IIIg-1), wherein R1, R3, R5, R10 and R11 are as described in formula (I), andX- is an anion, can be made from compounds of the formula (IIIg-2), wherein R1, R3, R5, R10 and R11 are asdescribed in formula (I), by treatment with an acid, such as the acids listed above. The reaction can be done neat or in a solvent, for instance an organic solvent, such as in methanol, tetrahydrofuran, dichloromethane,trifluoromethylbenzene or in dioxane, or in an inorganic solvent, such as in water, or in a mixture of suchsolvents. The reaction can be done in a temperature range between -100 °C and 200 °C, more commonlybetween 0 °C and 150 °C, such as, for example, at ambient temperature.

[0161] Compounds of the formula (IIIg-2), wherein R1, R3, R5, R10 and R11 are as described in formula (I),can be prepared by reacting compounds of the formula (IIIg-3), or a salt thereof, wherein R1, R3, R5 and R11are as defined for compounds of the formula (I), with compounds of the formula X6-C(O)OR10 (XL-b), whereinR10 is as defined for compounds of the formula (I) and X6 is halogen, preferably chlorine, in the presence of abase, such as an inorganic base, for instance sodium, potassium or cesium carbonate, or an organic base,such as, for example, triethylamine, N,N-diisopropylethylamine or pyridine, optionally in the presence of acatalyst (such as 4-dimethylaminopyridine DMAP), in an inert solvent such as dichloromethane,tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, dioxane, N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide,acetonitrile, ethyl acetate or toluene, at temperatures between 0 and 50°C, under standard amide bondformation conditions known to a person skilled in the art. Certain bases, such as pyridine and triethylamine,may be employed successfully as both base and solvent.

[0162] Compounds of the formula (IIIg-3), or a salt thereof, wherein R1, R3, R5 and R11 are as defined forcompounds of the formula (I), can be prepared from compounds of the formula (IIIg-4), wherein R1, R3 and R5are as defined for compounds of the formula (I), and in which Xa is a halogen, preferably Br or Cl (even morepreferably Cl), by treatment with amine compounds of the formula H2NR11 (XL-a), or a salt thereof, wherein R11is as defined for compounds of the formula (I), optionally in the presence of a copper catalyst, such as copperpowder, copper(I) iodide or copper sulfate, or mixtures thereof, optionally in the presence of a ligand, for example a diamine ligand (e.g. trans-cyclohexyldiamine) or 1,10-phenanthroline, optionally in the presence ofa base, such as sodium, potassium or cesium carbonate, or potassium phosphate, in inert solvents such asalcohols, amides, esters, ethers, nitriles and water, particularly preferred are methanol, ethanol, 2,2,2- trifluoroethanol, propanol, isopropanol, N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, dimethoxyethane, acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, water or mixtures thereof, at temperatures between 0-150°C, preferably at temperatures ranging from room temperature to the boiling point of the reaction mixture, optionally under microwave irradiation or pressurized conditions using anautoclave. In the particular amination reaction featuring amine compound of the formula H2NR11 (XL-a),wherein R11 is hydrogen (ie H2NR11 is ammonia), it may be advantageous to use ammonium hydroxide (solutionof ammonia in water), a solution of ammonia in inert organic solvents, such as ethyl acetate, dioxane ormethanol, or ammonia surrogates such as ammonium salts (for instance ammonium chloride).

[0163] Alternatively, compounds of the formula (IIIg-2), wherein R1, R3, R5, R10 and R11 are as described informula (I), may be prepared by reacting compounds of the formula (IIIg-4), wherein R1, R3 and R5 are asdefined for compounds of the formula (I), and in which Xa is a halogen, preferably Br or Cl (even more109921 | 83176 FFpreferably Cl), with compounds of the formula HN(R11)C(O)OR10 (XL-c), wherein R10 and R11 are as defined forcompounds of the formula (I), optionally in the presence of a catalyst, for example palladium(II)acetate, bis(dibenzylideneacetone)palladium(0) (Pd(dba)2) or tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0)(Pd2(dba)3, optionally in form of a chloroform adduct), or a palladium pre-catalyst such as for example tert- BuBrettPhos Pd G3 [(2-Di-tert-butylphosphino-3,6-dimethoxy-2′,4′,6′-triisopropyl-1,1′-biphenyl)-2-(2′-amino-1,1′-biphenyl)]palladium(II) methanesulfonate or BrettPhos Pd G3 [(2-di-cyclohexylphosphino-3,6-dimethoxy-2′,4′,6′- triisopropyl-1,1′-biphenyl)-2-(2′-amino-1,1′ -biphenyl)]palladium(II) methanesulfonate, and optionally inthe presence of a ligand, for example BINAP, SPhos, t-BuBrettPhos or Xantphos, in the presence of a base,such as sodium, potassium or cesium carbonate, sodium hydroxide or potassium phosphate, in an inert solvent,such as tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyl-tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, toluene, N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, N-methyl pyrrolidine or dimethyl sulfoxide, at temperatures between 60-180°C, optionallyunder microwave irradiation.

[0164] Compounds of the formula (IIIg-4), wherein R1, R3 and R5 are as defined for compounds of theformula (I), and in which Xa is a halogen, preferably Br or Cl (even more preferably Cl), can be prepared byreacting compounds of the formula (IIIg-5), wherein R1, R3 and R5 are as defined for compounds of the formula(I), with hydrazine compounds of the formula (XII-1) or a tautomer thereof, or a salt thereof, wherein Xa is ahalogen, preferably Br or Cl (even more preferably Cl), under analogous conditions already described abovein Scheme 6 (transformation XI + XII into Ib).

[0165] Compounds of the formula (IIIg-5), wherein R1, R3 and R5 are as defined for compounds of theformula (I), are known, for instance from WO2021 / 083936 or WO2021 / 165195, or they can be made in analogyto descriptions found therein. Compounds of the formula (XII-1) or a tautomer thereof, or a saltthereof, wherein Xa is a halogen, preferably Br or Cl (even more preferably Cl), are known or evencommercially available, or they can be made by known methods.

[0166] In particular, compounds of the formula (IIIh), wherein R1, R3 and R5 are as described in formula (I)and X5 is a halogen, preferably Br, Cl or I (even more preferably Br or Cl), can be prepared according toreactions outlined in Scheme 19.109921 | 83176 FFScheme 19

[0167] Compounds of the formula (IIIh), wherein R1, R3 and R5 are as described in formula (I) and X5 is ahalogen, preferably Br, Cl or I (even more preferably Br or Cl), can be prepared from compounds of formula(IIIh-1), wherein R1, R3 and R5 are as described in formula (I) and X5 is a halogen, preferably Br, Cl or I (evenmore preferably Br or Cl), and X- is an anion, by treatment with a base, such as for example a hydroxide base or a carbonate base, for example sodium hydroxide or potassium carbonate, or an ion exchange resin. Such procedures are well known to a person skilled in the art and known from the literature and textbooks. The anion X- is the conjugate base of an acid, such as an inorganic acid, for instance hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen iodide, sulfuric acid, or the like, or of an organic acid, such as a carboxylic acid or a sulfonic acid, for instance trifluoroacetic acid, or methane sulfonic acid, or para-toluene sulfonic acid. A great number of such acids are known to a person skilled in the art.

[0168] Compounds of formula (IIIh-1), wherein R1, R3 and R5 are as described in formula (I) and X5 is ahalogen, preferably Br, Cl or I (even more preferably Br or Cl), and X- is an anion, can be made from compoundsof the formula (IIIh-2), wherein R1, R3 and R5 are as described in formula (I) and X5 is a halogen, preferably Br,Cl or I (even more preferably Br or Cl), by treatment with an acid, such as the acids listed above. The reaction can be done neat or in a solvent, for instance an organic solvent, such as in methanol, tetrahydrofuran, dichloromethane, trifluoromethylbenzene or in dioxane, or in an inorganic solvent, such as in water, or in amixture of such solvents. The reaction can be done in a temperature range between -100 °C and 200 °C, morecommonly between 0 °C and 150 °C, such as, for example, at ambient temperature.

[0169] Compounds of the formula (IIIh-2), wherein R1, R3 and R5 are as described in formula (I) and X5 is ahalogen, preferably Br, Cl or I (even more preferably Br or Cl), can be prepared by reaction of compounds ofthe formula (XII-2), or a tautomer thereof, or a salt thereof, wherein X5 is a halogen, preferably Br, Cl or I (even109921 | 83176 FFmore preferably Br or Cl), with a compound of the formula (IIIg-5), wherein R1, R3 and R5 are as defined forcompounds of the formula (I). The reaction can be done neat, or in a solvent, for instance an organic solvent,such as dioxane or acetic acid, or a mixture thereof. The reaction can be performed in the presence or in theabsence of a drying agent, such as for example in the presence of molecular sieves, at a temperature between-100 °C and 200 °C, more commonly between 0 °C and 150 °C, such as, for example, at 80 °C.

[0170] Compounds of the formula (XII-2), or a tautomer thereof, or a salt thereof, wherein X5 is a halogen,preferably Br, Cl or I (even more preferably Br or Cl), are known or even commercially available, or they canbe made by known methods.

[0171] Alternatively, compounds of the formula (IIIf-1), wherein R1, R4 and R5 are as defined for compoundsof the formula (I), or a salt thereof (IIIf-2), in which X- is an anion as defined above in Scheme 19 (compoundsof the formula (IIIf-1) are representatives of compounds of the formula (IIIf) in which R3is CH3), can be made(Scheme 20) from compounds of the formula (IIIf-3), wherein R1, R4 and R5 are as defined for compounds ofthe formula (I), following the chemistry and conditions described above in Scheme 19 (transformation IIIh-2 intoIIIh via IIIh-1).Scheme 20

[0172] Compounds of the formula (IIIf-3), wherein R1 and R4 are as defined for compounds of the formula(I), and in which R5 is hydrogen or C1-C3alkyl, can be prepared by reacting compounds of the formula (IIIg-5), in which R3 is CH3 and wherein R1 is as defined for compounds of the formula (I) and R5 is hydrogen or C1-C3alkyl, with hydrazine compounds of the formula (XII) or a tautomer thereof, or a salt thereof, wherein R4 isas defined for compounds of the formula (I), under analogous conditions already described above in Scheme6 (transformation XI + XII into Ib).

[0173] Alternatively, compounds of the formula (IIIf-3), wherein R1 and R4 are as defined for compounds ofthe formula (I), and in which R5is C1-C3alkyl or C3-C4cycloalkyl, can be prepared by reacting compounds of theformula (IIIf-4), wherein R1 is as defined for compounds of the formula (I) and R5 is C1-C3alkyl or C3-C4cycloalkyl, and RL is -NH2 or -OC1-C4alkyl, with hydrazine compounds of the formula (XII) or a tautomerthereof, or a salt thereof, wherein R4 is as defined for compounds of the formula (I), under analogous conditions109921 | 83176 FFalready described above in Scheme 6 (transformation XI + XII into Ib) or detailed in J Org Chem, 2011, 76,1177-1179.

[0174] Compounds of the formula (IIIf-4), wherein R1 is as defined for compounds of the formula (I) and R5is C1-C3alkyl or C3-C4cycloalkyl, and RLis -NH2 or -OC1-C4alkyl, can be prepared by reacting compounds ofthe formula (IIIf-5), wherein R1 is as defined for compounds of the formula (I), with compounds of the formula(IIIf-6) or a tautomer thereof, or a salt thereof (such as a hydrohalide salt, preferably a hydrochloride or ahydrobromide salt, or a trifluoroacetic acid salt, or any other equivalent salt), wherein R5is C1-C3alkyl or C3- C4cycloalkyl, and RLis -NH2 or -OC1-C4alkyl, in the presence of a coupling reagent, such as, for example, HATU (1-[bis(dimethylamino)-methylene]-1H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-b]pyridinium 3-oxide hexafluorophosphate,also known as Hexafluorophosphate Azabenzotriazole Tetramethyl Uronium), PyBOP (benzotriazol-1-yloxytripyrrolidinophosphonium hexafluorophosphate) or propanephosphonic acid cyclic anhydride (T3P®). Such reactions can be conducted neat or in a solvent, preferably in a solvent, such as an organic solvent, for instance acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, ethyl acetate, N,N-dimethylacetamide or N,N- dimethylformamide, in a temperature range of -100 to +300 °C, preferably between ambient temperature and 200 °C, and with or without the addition of a base, such as an inorganic base, for instance sodium, potassium or cesium carbonate, or an organic base, such as, for example, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine or pyridine. Such conditions are described for example in J Org Chem, 2011, 76, 1177-1179.

[0175] Compounds of the formula (IIIf-5), wherein R1 is as defined for compounds of the formula (I), areknown or even commercially available, or they can be made by known methods.

[0176] Compounds of the formula (IIIf-6) or a tautomer thereof, or a salt thereof, wherein R5 is C1-C3alkyl orC3-C4cycloalkyl, and RLis -NH2 (compound IIIf-6 is an alkyl or cycloalkyl amidine, for example cyclopropanecarboxamidine) or -OC1-C4alkyl (compound IIIf-6 is an alkyl or cycloalkyl imidate, for example ethyl propanimidate), are known or even commercially available, or they can be made by known methods.

[0177] Compounds of the formula (IIa-2-3), wherein A and R2a are as described in formula (I), and in whichRa is C1-C6alkyl or benzyl, form a particular subset of compounds of the formula (IIa-2), wherein R2b isdifluoromethyl.Scheme 21

[0178] Such compounds of the formula (IIa-2-3) can be prepared (Scheme 21) by reacting compounds ofthe formula (IIa-2-2), wherein A and R2a are as described in formula (I), and in which Ra is C1-C6alkyl orbenzyl, with fluorinating reagents such as diethylaminosulfur trifluoride (DAST), bis-(2-methoxy-ethyl)aminosulfur trifluoride (trade name: Deoxo-Fluor), difluoro(morpholino)sulfonium tetrafluoroborate (trade name: XtalFluor-M) or the combination of sulfuryl fluoride and tetramethylammonium fluoride (see Org. Lett. 2019, 21, 5, 1350-1353), in solvents such as acetonitrile, toluene, dichloromethane or 1,2-dichloroethane, or109921 | 83176 FFmixtures thereof, and at temperatures ranging from 0°C to the boiling point of the reaction mixture, preferably between 0°C to room temperature.

[0179] Compounds of the formula (IIa-2-2), wherein A and R2a are as described in formula (I), and in whichRa is C1-C6alkyl or benzyl, may be prepared by ozonolysis of alkene compounds of the formula (IIa-2-1),wherein A and R2a are as described in formula (I), and in which Ra is C1-C6alkyl or benzyl, using conditions(reaction with ozone, followed by reductive workup in the presence of dimethyl sulfide, zinc ortriphenylphosphine) described for example in WO2012 / 035039. Alternatively, compounds of the formula (IIa-2-2) can be obtained by reacting compounds of the formula (IIa-2-1) with for example osmium tetroxide or potassium osmate(VI) dihydrate, preferably in catalytic amounts, and in presence of an oxidant like N- methylmorpholine N-oxide (NMO) or sodium periodate (NaIO4), in solvents such as tetrahydrofuran, 2- methyltetrahydrofuran, dioxane or water, or mixtures thereof, under conditions described for example in Chem. Rev.1980, 80: 187-213 or Adv. Synth. Catal.2002, 344: 421-433.

[0180] Compounds of the formula (IIa-2-1), wherein A and R2a are as described in formula (I), and in whichRa is C1-C6alkyl or benzyl, can be prepared by reacting compounds of the formula (IIa-2), wherein A and R2aare as described in formula (I) and R2b is a halogen, preferably Cl, Br or I (even more preferably Br or I), and inwhich Ra is C1-C6alkyl or benzyl, with for example tributyl(vinyl)tin under Stille cross-coupling conditions (seepreparation Example PI-8, Step 1; and otherwise for example Organic Reactions 1997, 50), alternatively withpotassium trifluorovinylborate or 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(2-vinyl)-1,3,2-dioxaborolane under Suzuki cross-coupling conditions as described in WO2011 / 075560 or J. Med. Chem.2021, 64: 10001-10018.

[0181] Compounds of the formula (IIa-2-6), wherein A and R2a are as described in formula (I), and in whichRa is C1-C6alkyl or benzyl, form a particular subset of compounds of the formula (IIa-2), wherein R2b isdifluoromethoxy.Scheme 22

[0182] Such compounds of the formula (IIa-2-6) can be prepared (Scheme 22) by difluoromethylation ofcompounds of the formula (IIa-2-5), wherein A and R2a are as described in formula (I), and in which Ra is C1-C6alkyl or benzyl, under conditions known to a person skilled in the art. Typically, compounds of the formula(IIa-2-5) are reacted with a :CF2 carbene species, generated from difluoromethylating agents such adifluoroacetate XcCF2COONa or a difluoromethyl(phosphonate) XcCF2P(O)(OEt)2 reagent, wherein Xccan bechloro or bromo, in the presence of a base such as for example sodium or potassium carbonate, or sodium orpotassium hydroxide, in an appropriate solvent like for example acetonitrile, Ν,Ν-dimethylformamide or N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), optionally in a mixture with water, optionally in the presence of an additive (such109921 | 83176 FFas 2'-hydroxyacetophenone), and at temperature between -40°C to 80°C. Such methods have been describedin the literature, for example in Org. Lett.2013, 15(19), 5036-5039; Tetrahedron 2009, 65(27), 5278-5283; or Chem. Commun. 2017, 53, 5706. Under above basic reaction conditions, and depending on the workup conditions, the compounds of the formula (IIa-2-6) may be isolated or the reaction can directly producecompounds of the formula (IIa-1), wherein A and R2a are as described in formula (I), and in which R2b isdifluoromethoxy, via ‘in situ’ saponification (in analogy to the transformation IIa-2 into IIa-1 in Scheme 16).

[0183] Compounds of the formula (IIa-2-5), wherein A and R2a are as described in formula (I), and in whichRa is C1-C6alkyl or benzyl, can be prepared by reacting compounds of the formula (IIa-2), wherein A and R2aare as described in formula (I) and R2b is a halogen, preferably Cl, Br or I (even more preferably Br or I), and inwhich Ra is C1-C6alkyl or benzyl, with for example benzaldoxime PhC=NOH, preferably (E)-benzaldehyde oxime, in the presence of a base, such as potassium or cesium carbonate, optionally in the presence of a palladium catalyst such as RockPhos-G3-palladacycle ([(2-Di-tert-butylphosphino-3-methoxy-6-methyl-2′,4′,6′- triisopropyl-1,1′-biphenyl)-2-(2-aminobiphenyl)]palladium(II) methanesulfonate), in an aprotic solvent such as acetonitrile or N,N-dimethylformamide DMF, at temperatures between 0 and 100°C, preferably between room temperature and 80°C, as described, for example, in Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.56 (16), 4478–4482, 2017.

[0184] Alternatively, compounds of the formula (IIa-2-5), wherein A and R2a are as described in formula (I),and in which Ra is C1-C6alkyl or benzyl, can be prepared from compounds of the formula (IIa-2), wherein Aand R2a are as described in formula (I) and R2b is a halogen, preferably Cl, Br or I (even more preferably Br orI), and in which Ra is C1-C6alkyl or benzyl, by a borylation (typically involving 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1,3,2-dioxaborolane; also known as bis(pinacolato)diborane) / oxidation (typically involving H2O2) sequence, under conditions known to a person skilled in the art, and detailed for example in Organic Letters 2016, 18, 5248-5251 or Journal of Organic Chemistry 2024, 89, 12452-12461.

[0185] Compounds of the formula (IIa-2), wherein A and R2a are as described in formula (I) and R2b is ahalogen, preferably Cl, Br or I (even more preferably Br or I), and in which Ra is C1-C6alkyl or benzyl, are knownor even commercially available, or they can be made by known methods, for example in analogy to descriptions found in WO 2011 / 140325.

[0186] Depending on the procedure or the reaction conditions, the reactants can be reacted in the presenceof a base. Examples of suitable bases are alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxides, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydrides, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal amides, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal alkoxides, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal acetates, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonates, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal dialkylamides or alkali metal or alkaline earth metal alkylsilylamides, alkylamines, alkylenediamines, free or N-alkylated saturated or unsaturated cycloalkylamines, basic heterocycles, ammonium hydroxides and carbocyclic amines. Examples which may be mentioned are sodium hydroxide, sodium hydride, sodium amide, sodium methoxide, sodium acetate, sodium carbonate, potassium tert- butoxide, potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, potassium hydride, lithium diisopropylamide, potassium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide, calcium hydride, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, triethylenediamine, cyclohexylamine, N-cyclohexyl-N,N-dimethylamine, N,N-diethylaniline, pyridine, 4-(N,N-109921 | 83176 FFdimethylamino)pyridine, quinuclidine, N-methylmorpholine, benzyltrimethylammonium hydroxide and 1,8- diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU).

[0187] The reactants can be reacted with each other as such, i.e. without adding a solvent or diluent. In mostcases, however, it is advantageous to add an inert solvent or diluent or a mixture of these. If the reaction is carried out in the presence of a base, bases which are employed in excess, such as triethylamine, pyridine, N- methylmorpholine or N,N-diethylaniline, may also act as solvents or diluents.

[0188] The reactions are advantageously carried out in a temperature range from approximately -80°C toapproximately +140°C, preferably from approximately -30°C to approximately +100°C, in many cases in the range between ambient temperature and approximately +80°C.

[0189] Depending on the choice of the reaction conditions and starting materials which are suitable in eachcase, it is possible, for example, in one reaction step only to replace one substituent by another substituent according to the invention, or a plurality of substituents can be replaced by other substituents according to the invention in the same reaction step.

[0190] Salts of compounds of formula (I) can be prepared in a manner known per se. Thus, for example,acid addition salts of compounds of formula (I) are obtained by treatment with a suitable acid or a suitable ion exchanger reagent and salts with bases are obtained by treatment with a suitable base or with a suitable ion exchanger reagent.

[0191] Salts of compounds of formula (I) can be converted in the customary manner into the free compoundsI, acid addition salts, for example, by treatment with a suitable basic compound or with a suitable ion exchanger reagent and salts with bases, for example, by treatment with a suitable acid or with a suitable ion exchanger reagent.

[0192] Salts of compounds of formula (I) can be converted in a manner known per se into other salts ofcompounds of formula (I), acid addition salts, for example, into other acid addition salts, for example by treatment of a salt of inorganic acid such as hydrochloride with a suitable metal salt such as a sodium, barium or silver salt, of an acid, for example with silver acetate, in a suitable solvent in which an inorganic salt which forms, for example silver chloride, is insoluble and thus precipitates from the reaction mixture.

[0193] Depending on the procedure or the reaction conditions, the compounds of formula (I), which havesalt-forming properties can be obtained in free form or in the form of salts.

[0194] The compounds of formula (I) and, where appropriate, the tautomers thereof, in each case in freeform or in salt form, can be present in the form of one of the isomers which are possible or as a mixture of these, for example in the form of pure isomers, such as antipodes and / or diastereomers, or as isomer mixtures, such as enantiomer mixtures, for example racemates, diastereomer mixtures or racemate mixtures, depending on the number, absolute and relative configuration of asymmetric carbon atoms which occur in the molecule and / or depending on the configuration of non-aromatic double bonds which occur in the molecule; the invention relates to the pure isomers and also to all isomer mixtures which are possible and is to be understood in each case in this sense hereinabove and hereinbelow, even when stereochemical details are not mentioned specifically in each case.109921 | 83176 FF

[0195] Diastereomer mixtures or racemate mixtures of compounds of formula (I), in free form or in salt form,which can be obtained depending on which starting materials and procedures have been chosen can beseparated in a known manner into the pure diastereomers or racemates on the basis of the physicochemicaldifferences of the components, for example by fractional crystallization, distillation and / or chromatography.

[0196] Enantiomer mixtures, such as racemates, which can be obtained in a similar manner can be resolvedinto the optical antipodes by known methods, for example by recrystallization from an optically active solvent, by chromatography on chiral adsorbents, for example high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on acetyl cellulose, with the aid of suitable microorganisms, by cleavage with specific, immobilized enzymes, via the formation of inclusion compounds, for example using chiral crown ethers, where only one enantiomer is complexed, or by conversion into diastereomeric salts, for example by reacting a basic end-product racemate with an optically active acid, such as a carboxylic acid, for example camphor, tartaric or malic acid, or sulfonic acid, for example camphorsulfonic acid, and separating the diastereomer mixture which can be obtained in this manner, for example by fractional crystallization based on their differing solubilities, to give the diastereomers, from which the desired enantiomer can be set free by the action of suitable agents, for example basic agents.

[0197] Pure diastereomers or enantiomers can be obtained according to the invention not only by separatingsuitable isomer mixtures, but also by generally known methods of diastereoselective or enantioselective synthesis, for example by carrying out the process according to the invention with starting materials of a suitable stereochemistry.

[0198] N-oxides can be prepared by reacting a compound of the formula (I) with a suitable oxidizing agent,for example the H2O2 / urea adduct in the presence of an acid anhydride, e.g. trifluoroacetic anhydride. Suchoxidations are known from the literature, for example from J. Med. Chem., 32 (12), 2561-73, 1989 or WO2000 / 15615.

[0199] It is advantageous to isolate or synthesize in each case the biologically more effective isomer, forexample enantiomer or diastereomer, or isomer mixture, for example enantiomer mixture or diastereomer mixture, if the individual components have a different biological activity.

[0200] The compounds of formula (I) and, where appropriate, the tautomers thereof, in each case in freeform or in salt form, can, if appropriate, also be obtained in the form of hydrates and / or include other solvents, for example those which may have been used for the crystallization of compounds which are present in solid form.

[0201] The compounds of formula (I) according to the following Tables A-1 to A-30 and Tables B-1 to B-5can be prepared according to the methods described above. The examples which follow are intended to illustrate the invention and show preferred compounds of formula (I), in the form of a compound of formula (I-A) and (I-B).109921 | 83176 FFTables A-1 to A-30 (formula I-A)

[0202] Table A-1 provides 20 compounds A-1.001 to A-1.020 of formula I-A wherein R2a is CH3, A is CH, R2bis Cl, R1 is H and Q are as defined in table Z. For example, compound A-4.011 is

[0203] Table A-2 provides 20 compounds A-2.001 to A-2.020 of formula I-A wherein R2a is CH3, A is CH, R2bis Cl, R1 is CH3 and Q are as defined in table Z.

[0204] Table A-3 provides 20 compounds A-3.001 to A-3.020 of formula I-A wherein R2a is CH3, A is CH, R2bis Br, R1 is H and Q are as defined in table Z.

[0205] Table A-4 provides 20 compounds A-4.001 to A-4.020 of formula I-A wherein R2a is CH3, A is CH, R2bis Br, R1 is CH3 and Q are as defined in table Z.

[0206] Table A-5 provides 20 compounds A-5.001 to A-5.020 of formula I-A wherein R2a is CH3, A is CH, R2bis CF3, R1 is H and Q are as defined in table Z.

[0207] Table A-6 provides 20 compounds A-6.001 to A-6.020 of formula I-A wherein R2a is CH3, A is CH, R2bis CF3, R1 is CH3 and Q are as defined in table Z.

[0208] Table A-7 provides 20 compounds A-7.001 to A-7.020 of formula I-A wherein R2a is CH3, A is CH, R2bis CHF2, R1 is H and Q are as defined in table Z.

[0209] Table A-8 provides 20 compounds A-8.001 to A-8.020 of formula I-A wherein R2a is CH3, A is CH, R2bis CHF2, R1 is CH3 and Q are as defined in table Z.

[0210] Table A-9 provides 20 compounds A-9.001 to A-9.020 of formula I-A wherein R2a is CH3, A is CH, R2bis Cyp, R1 is H and Q are as defined in table Z.

[0211] Table A-10 provides 20 compounds A-10.001 to A-10.020 of formula I-A wherein R2a is CH3, A is CH,R2bis Cyp, R1is CH3and Q are as defined in table Z.

[0212] Table A-11 provides 20 compounds A-11.001 to A-11.020 of formula I-A wherein R2a is CH2CH3, A isCH, R2bis Cl, R1 is H and Q are as defined in table Z.

[0213] Table A-12 provides 20 compounds A-12.001 to A-12.020 of formula I-A wherein R2a is CH2CH3, A isCH, R2bis Cl, R1 is CH3 and Q are as defined in table Z.

[0214] Table A-13 provides 20 compounds A-13.001 to A-13.020 of formula I-A wherein R2a is CH2CH3, A isCH, R2bis Br, R1 is H and Q are as defined in table Z.

[0215] Table A-14 provides 20 compounds A-14.001 to A-14.020 of formula I-A wherein R2a is CH2CH3, A isCH, R2bis Br, R1 is CH3 and Q are as defined in table Z.109921 | 83176 FF

[0216] Table A-15 provides 20 compounds A-15.001 to A-15.020 of formula I-A wherein R2a is CH2CH3, A isCH, R2bis CF3, R1 is H and Q are as defined in table Z.

[0217] Table A-16 provides 20 compounds A-16.001 to A-16.020 of formula I-A wherein R2a is CH2CH3, A isCH, R2bis CF3, R1 is CH3 and Q are as defined in table Z.

[0218] Table A-17 provides 20 compounds A-17.001 to A-17.020 of formula I-A wherein R2a is CH2CH3, A isCH, R2bis CHF2, R1 is H and Q are as defined in table Z.

[0219] Table A-18 provides 20 compounds A-18.001 to A-18.020 of formula I-A wherein R2a is CH2CH3, A isCH, R2bis CHF2, R1 is CH3 and Q are as defined in table Z.

[0220] Table A-19 provides 20 compounds A-19.001 to A-19.020 of formula I-A wherein R2a is CH2CH3, A isCH, R2bis Cyp, R1 is H and Q are as defined in table Z.

[0221] Table A-20 provides 20 compounds A-20.001 to A-20.020 of formula I-A wherein R2a is CH2CH3, A isCH, R2bis Cyp, R1 is CH3 and Q are as defined in table Z.

[0222] Table A-21 provides 20 compounds A-21.001 to A-21.020 of formula I-A wherein R2a is Cyp, A is CH,R2bis Cl, R1 is H and Q are as defined in table Z.

[0223] Table A-22 provides 20 compounds A-22.001 to A-22.020 of formula I-A wherein R2a is Cyp, A is CH,R2bis Cl, R1is CH3and Q are as defined in table Z.

[0224] Table A-23 provides 20 compounds A-23.001 to A-23.020 of formula I-A wherein R2a is Cyp, A is CH,R2bis Br, R1 is H and Q are as defined in table Z.

[0225] Table A-24 provides 20 compounds A-24.001 to A-24.020 of formula I-A wherein R2a is Cyp, A is CH,R2bis Br, R1 is CH3 and Q are as defined in table Z.

[0226] Table A-25 provides 20 compounds A-25.001 to A-25.020 of formula I-A wherein R2a is Cyp, A is CH,R2bis CF3, R1 is H and Q are as defined in table Z.

[0227] Table A-26 provides 20 compounds A-26.001 to A-26.020 of formula I-A wherein R2a is Cyp, A is CH,R2bis CF3, R1 is CH3 and Q are as defined in table Z.

[0228] Table A-27 provides 20 compounds A-27.001 to A-27.020 of formula I-A wherein R2a is Cyp, A is CH,R2bis CHF2, R1is H and Q are as defined in table Z.

[0229] Table A-28 provides 20 compounds A-28.001 to A-28.020 of formula I-A wherein R2a is Cyp, A is CH,R2bis CHF2, R1 is CH3 and Q are as defined in table Z.

[0230] Table A-29 provides 20 compounds A-29.001 to A-29.020 of formula I-A wherein R2a is Cyp, A is CH,R2bis Cyp, R1 is H and Q are as defined in table Z.

[0231] Table A-30 provides 20 compounds A-30.001 to A-30.020 of formula I-A wherein R2a is Cyp, A is CH,R2bis Cyp, R1 is CH3 and Q are as defined in table Z. Table Z: Substituent definitions of Q109921 | 83176 FF109921 | 83176 FFTables B-1 to B-5 (formula I-B)

[0233] Table B-1 provides 19 compounds B-1.001 to B-1.019 of formula I-B wherein R2a is Cyp, A is CH, R2bis CF3, R1is H, R5is CH3 and R4xare as defined in table Z1.

[0234] Table B-2 provides 19 compounds B-2.001 to B-2.019 of formula I-B wherein R2a is Cyp, A is CH, R2bis CF3, R1is H, R5is CH2CH3 and R4xare as defined in table Z1.

[0235] Table B-3 provides 19 compounds B-3.001 to B-3.019 of formula I-B wherein R2a is Cyp, A is CH, R2bis CF3, R1is H, R5is cyclopropyl and R4xare as defined in table Z1.

[0236] Table B-4 provides 19 compounds B-4.001 to B-4.019 of formula I-B wherein R2a is Cyp, A is CH, R2bis CF3, R1is H, R5is OCH3 and R4xare as defined in table Z1.

[0237] Table B-5 provides 19 compounds B-5.001 to B-5.019 of formula I-B wherein R2a is Cyp, A is CH, R2bis CF3, R1is H, R5is Br and R4xare as defined in table Z1. Table Z1: Substituent definitions of R4xIndex R4x Index R4x Index R4x109921 | 83176 FFto represents109921 | 83176 FF

[0239] Also made available are certain intermediate compounds as shown in Schemes 1 to 22, some ofwhich are novel. For example: ^A compound of formula IIa-1, as shown below, where A, R2a and R2b are as defined for compounds offormula (I); for instance where A, R2a and R2b are as described in Tables A-1 to A-30 and Tables B-1 toB-5; in particular where A is CH, R2a is cyclopropyl, and R2b is chloro, bromo, difluoromethyl,difluoromethoxy or trifluoromethyl, preferably difluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy or trifluoromethyl; moreparticularly where A is CH, R2a is cyclopropyl, and R2b is difluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, ortrifluoromethyl, such as R2bis trifluoromethyl; ^A compound of formula IIa-2, as shown below, where A, R2a and R2b are as defined for compounds offormula (I), and Ra is C1-C6alkyl or benzyl, preferably Ra is methyl, ethyl or benzyl; for instance whereA, R2a and R2b are as described in Tables A-1 to A-30 and Tables B-1 to B-5, in particular where A is CH,R2a is cyclopropyl, and R2b is chloro, bromo, difluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy or trifluoromethyl, preferablydifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy or trifluoromethyl; and Ra is methyl or benzyl, preferably methyl; moreparticularly where A is CH, R2a is cyclopropyl, and R2b is difluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, ortrifluoromethyl, such as R2bis trifluoromethyl, and Ra is C1-C6alkyl or benzyl, such as Rais methyl, ethyl or benzyl:^A compound of formula IIa-3, as shown below, where A, R2a and R2b are as defined for compounds offormula (I); for instance where A, R2a and R2b are as described in Tables A-1 to A-30 and Tables B-1to B-5; in particular where A is CH, R2a is cyclopropyl, and R2b is chloro, bromo, difluoromethyl,difluoromethoxy or trifluoromethyl, preferably difluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy or trifluoromethyl; more particularly where A is CH, R2a is cyclopropyl, and R2b is difluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, ortrifluoromethyl, such as R2bis trifluoromethyl.Pest control

[0240] The compounds of formula (I) according to the invention are preventively and / or curatively valuableac-tive ingredients in the field of pest control, even at low rates of application, which have a very favorable biocidal spectrum and are well tolerated by warm-blooded species, fish and plants. The active ingredients109921 | 83176 FFaccording to the invention act against all or individual developmental stages of normally sensitive, but also resistant, animal pests, such as insects or representatives of the order Acarina. The insecticidal or acaricidal activity of the active ingredients according to the invention can manifest itself directly, i.e. in destruction of the pests, which takes place either immediately or only after some time has elapsed, for example during ecdysis, or indirectly, for example in a reduced oviposition and / or hatching rate.

[0241] Examples of the above mentioned animal pests are:^ from the order Acarina, for example, Acalitus spp., Aculus spp., Acaricalus spp., Aceria spp., Acarussiro, Amblyomma spp., Argas spp., Boophilus spp., Brevipalpus spp., Bryobia spp., Calipitrimerus spp.,Chorioptes spp., Dermanyssus gallinae, Dermatophagoides spp., Eotetranychus spp., Eriophyes spp.,Hemitarsonemus spp., Hyalomma spp., Ixodes spp., Olygonychus spp., Ornithodoros spp.,Polyphagotarsone latus, Panonychus spp., Phyllocoptruta oleivora, Phytonemus spp.,Polyphagotarsonemus spp., Psoroptes spp., Rhipicephalus spp., Rhizoglyphus spp., Sarcoptes spp.,Steneotarsonemus spp., Tarsonemus spp. and Tetranychus spp.;^ from the order Anoplura, for example, Haematopinus spp., Linognathus spp., Pediculus spp.,Pemphigus spp. and Phylloxera spp.; ^from the order Coleoptera, for example, Agriotes spp., Amphimallon majale, Anomala orientalis,Anthonomus spp., Aphodius spp., Astylus atromaculatus, Ataenius spp., Atomaria linearis, Chaetocnematibialis, Cerotoma spp., Conoderus spp., Cosmopolites spp., Cotinis nitida, Curculio spp., Cyclocephalaspp., Dermestes spp., Diabrotica spp., Diloboderus abderus, Epilachna spp., Eremnus spp.,Heteronychus arator, Hypothenemus hampei, Lagria vilosa, Leptinotarsa decemlineata, Lissorhoptrus spp., Liogenys spp., Maecolaspis spp., Maladera castanea, Megascelis spp., Melighetes aeneus,Melolontha spp., Myochrous armatus, Orycaephilus spp., Otiorhynchus spp., Phyllophaga spp.,Phlyctinus spp., Popillia spp., Psylliodes spp., Rhyssomatus aubtilis, Rhizopertha spp., Scarabeidae spp.,Sitophilus spp., Sitotroga spp., Somaticus spp., Sphenophorus spp., Sternechus subsignatus, Tenebriospp., Tribolium spp. and Trogoderma spp.; ^from the order Diptera, for example, Aedes spp., Anopheles spp., Antherigona soccata, Bactroceaoleae, Bibio hortulanus, Bradysia spp., Calliphora erythrocephala, Ceratitis spp., Chrysomyia spp., Culexspp., Cuterebra spp., Dacus spp., Delia spp., Drosophila melanogaster, Fannia spp., Gastrophilus spp.,Geomyza tripunctata, Glossina spp., Hypoderma spp., Hyppobosca spp., Liriomyza spp., Lucilia spp.,Melanagromyza spp., Musca spp., Oestrus spp., Orseolia spp., Oscinella frit, Pegomyia hyoscyami,Phorbia spp., Rhagoletis spp., Rivelia quadrifasciata, Scatella spp., Sciara spp., Stomoxys spp., Tabanusspp., Tannia spp. and Tipula spp.; ^from the order Hemiptera, for example, Acanthocoris scabrator, Acrosternum spp., Adelphocorislineolatus, Aleurodes spp., Amblypelta nitida, Bathycoelia thalassina, Blissus spp., Cimex spp.,Clavigralla tomentosicollis, Creontiades spp., Distantiella theobroma, Dichelops furcatus, Dysdercus spp.,Edessa spp., Euchistus spp., Eurydema pulchrum, Eurygaster spp., Halyomorpha halys, Horciasnobilellus, Leptocorisa spp., Lygus spp., Margarodes spp., Murgantia histrionic, Neomegalotomus spp.,Nesidiocoris tenuis, Nezara spp., Nysius simulans, Oebalus insularis, Piesma spp., Piezodorus spp.,109921 | 83176 FFRhodnius spp., Sahlbergella singularis, Scaptocoris castanea, Scotinophara spp. , Thyanta spp ,Triatoma spp., Vatiga illudens, Acyrthosium pisum, Adalges spp., Agalliana ensigera, Agonoscenatargionii, Aleurodicus spp., Aleurocanthus spp., Aleurolobus barodensis, Aleurothrixus floccosus,Aleyrodes brassicae, Amarasca biguttula, Amritodus atkinsoni, Aonidiella spp., Aphididae, Aphis spp.,Aspidiotus spp., Aulacorthum solani, Bactericera cockerelli, Bemisia spp., Brachycaudus spp.,Brevicoryne brassicae, Cacopsylla spp., Cavariella aegopodii Scop., Ceroplaster spp., Chrysomphalusaonidium, Chrysomphalus dictyospermi, Cicadella spp., Cofana spectra, Cryptomyzus spp., Cicadulinaspp., Coccus hesperidum, Dalbulus maidis, Dialeurodes spp., Diaphorina citri, Diuraphis noxia, Dysaphisspp., Empoasca spp., Eriosoma larigerum, Erythroneura spp., Gascardia spp., Glycaspis brimblecombei,Hyadaphis pseudobrassicae, Hyalopterus spp., Hyperomyzus pallidus, Idioscopus clypealis, Jacobiascalybica, Laodelphax spp., Lecanium corni, Lepidosaphes spp., Lopaphis erysimi, Lyogenys maidis,Macrosiphum spp., Mahanarva spp., Metcalfa pruinosa, Metopolophium dirhodum, Myndus crudus,Myzus spp., Neotoxoptera sp, Nephotettix spp., Nilaparvata spp., Nippolachnus piri Mats, Odonaspisruthae, Oregma lanigera Zehnter, Parabemisia myricae, Paratrioza cockerelli, Parlatoria spp., Pemphigusspp., Peregrinus maidis, Perkinsiella spp., Phorodon humuli, Phylloxera spp., Planococcus spp.,Pseudaulacaspis spp., Pseudococcus spp., Pseudatomoscelis seriatus, Psylla spp., Pulvinariaaethiopica, Quadraspidiotus spp., Quesada gigas, Recilia dorsalis, Rhopalosiphum spp., Saissetia spp.,Scaphoideus spp., Schizaphis spp., Sitobion spp., Sogatella furcifera, Spissistilus festinus, TarophagusProserpina, Toxoptera spp., Trialeurodes spp., Tridiscus sporoboli, Trionymus spp., Trioza erytreae ,Unaspis citri, Zygina flammigera, Zyginidia scutellaris ; ^from the order Hymenoptera, for example, Acromyrmex, Arge spp., Atta spp., Cephus spp., Diprionspp., Diprionidae, Gilpinia polytoma, Hoplocampa spp., Lasius spp., Monomorium pharaonis, Neodiprionspp., Pogonomyrmex spp., Slenopsis invicta, Solenopsis spp. and Vespa spp.;^ from the order Isoptera, for example, Coptotermes spp., Corniternes cumulans, Incisitermes spp.,Macrotermes spp., Mastotermes spp., Microtermes spp., Reticulitermes spp.; Solenopsis geminata;^ from the order Lepidoptera, for example, Acleris spp., Adoxophyes spp., Aegeria spp., Agrotis spp.,Alabama argillaceae, Amylois spp., Anticarsia gemmatalis, Archips spp., Argyresthia spp., Argyrotaeniaspp., Autographa spp., Bucculatrix thurberiella, Busseola fusca, Cadra cautella, Carposina nipponensis,Chilo spp., Choristoneura spp., Chrysoteuchia topiaria, Clysia ambiguella, Cnaphalocrocis spp.,Cnephasia spp., Cochylis spp., Coleophora spp., Colias lesbia, Cosmophila flava, Crambus spp.,Crocidolomia binotalis, Cryptophlebia leucotreta, Cydalima perspectalis, Cydia spp., Diaphaniaperspectalis, Diatraea spp., Diparopsis castanea, Earias spp., Elasmopalpus lignosellus, Eldanasaccharina, Ephestia spp., Epinotia spp., Estigmene acrea, Etiella zinckinella, Eucosma spp., Eupoeciliaambiguella, Euproctis spp., Euxoa spp., Feltia jaculiferia, Grapholita spp., Hedya nubiferana, Heliothisspp., Hellula undalis, Herpetogramma spp., Hyphantria cunea, Keiferia lycopersicella, Lasmopalpuslignosellus, Leucoptera scitella, Lithocollethis spp., Lobesia botrana, Loxostege bifidalis, Lymantria spp.,Lyonetia spp., Malacosoma spp., Mamestra brassicae, Manduca sexta, Mythimna spp., Noctua spp.,Operophtera spp., Orniodes indica, Ostrinia nubilalis, Pammene spp., Pandemis spp., Panolis flammea,109921 | 83176 FFPapaipema nebris, Pectinophora gossypiela, Perileucoptera coffeella, Pseudaletia unipuncta, Phthorimaea operculella, Pieris rapae, Pieris spp., Plutella xylostella, Prays spp., Pseudoplusia spp.,Rachiplusia nu, Richia albicosta, Scirpophaga spp., Sesamia spp., Sparganothis spp., Spodoptera spp.,Sylepta derogate, Synanthedon spp., Thaumetopoea spp., Tortrix spp., Trichoplusia ni, Tuta absoluta,and Yponomeuta spp.; ^from the order Mallophaga, for example, Damalinea spp. and Trichodectes spp.;^ from the order Orthoptera, for example, Blatta spp., Blattella spp., Gryllotalpa spp., Leucophaeamaderae, Locusta spp., Neocurtilla hexadactyla, Periplaneta spp. , Scapteriscus spp., and Schistocercaspp.; ^from the order Psocoptera, for example, Liposcelis spp.;^ from the order Siphonaptera, for example, Ceratophyllus spp., Ctenocephalides spp. and Xenopsyllacheopis; ^from the order Thysanoptera, for example, Calliothrips phaseoli, Frankliniella spp., Heliothrips spp.,Hercinothrips spp., Parthenothrips spp., Scirtothrips aurantii, Sericothrips variabilis, Taeniothrips spp.,Thrips spp; ^from the order Thysanura, for example, Lepisma saccharina.

[0242] In a further aspect, the invention may also relate to a method of controlling damage to plant and partsthereof by plant parasitic nematodes (Endoparasitic-, Semiendoparasitic- and Ectoparasitic nematodes),especially plant parasitic nematodes such as root knot nematodes, Meloidogyne hapla, Meloidogyne incognita,Meloidogyne javanica, Meloidogyne arenaria and other Meloidogyne species; cyst-forming nematodes,Globodera rostochiensis and other Globodera species; Heterodera avenae, Heterodera glycines, Heteroderaschachtii, Heterodera trifolii, and other Heterodera species; Seed gall nematodes, Anguina species; Stem andfoliar nematodes, Aphelenchoides species; Sting nematodes, Belonolaimus longicaudatus and otherBelonolaimus species; Pine nematodes, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and other Bursaphelenchus species;Ring nematodes, Criconema species, Criconemella species, Criconemoides species, Mesocriconema species;Stem and bulb nematodes, Ditylenchus destructor, Ditylenchus dipsaci and other Ditylenchus species; Awlnematodes, Dolichodorus species; Spiral nematodes, Heliocotylenchus multicinctus and other Helicotylenchusspecies; Sheath and sheathoid nematodes, Hemicycliophora species and Hemicriconemoides species;Hirshmanniella species; Lance nematodes, Hoploaimus species; false rootknot nematodes, Nacobbus species;Needle nematodes, Longidorus elongatus and other Longidorus species; Pin nematodes, Pratylenchusspecies; Lesion nematodes, Pratylenchus neglectus, Pratylenchus penetrans, Pratylenchus curvitatus,Pratylenchus goodeyi and other Pratylenchus species; Burrowing nematodes, Radopholus similis and otherRadopholus species; Reniform nematodes, Rotylenchus robustus, Rotylenchus reniformis and otherRotylenchus species; Scutellonema species; Stubby root nematodes, Trichodorus primitivus and otherTrichodorus species, Paratrichodorus species; Stunt nematodes, Tylenchorhynchus claytoni,Tylenchorhynchus dubius and other Tylenchorhynchus species; Citrus nematodes, Tylenchulus species;Dagger nematodes, Xiphinema species; and other plant parasitic nematode species, such as Subanguina spp.,Hypsoperine spp., Macroposthonia spp., Melinius spp., Punctodera spp., and Quinisulcius spp..109921 | 83176 FF

[0243] The compounds of the invention may also have activity against the molluscs. Examples of whichinclude, for example, Ampullariidae; Arion (A. ater, A. circumscriptus, A. hortensis, A. rufus); Bradybaenidae(Bradybaena fruticum); Cepaea (C. hortensis, C. nemoralis); Ochlodina; Deroceras (D. agrestis, D.empiricorum, D. laeve, D. reticulatum); Discus (D. rotundatus); Euomphalia; Galba (G. trunculata); Helicelia (H.itala, H. obvia); Helicidae (Helicigona arbustorum); Helicodiscus; Helix (H. aperta); Limax (L. cinereoniger, L.flavus, L. marginatus, L. maximus, L. tenellus); Lymnaea; Milax (M. gagates, M. marginatus, M. sowerbyi);Opeas; Pomacea (P. canaticulata); Vallonia and Zanitoides.

[0244] The active ingredients according to the invention can be used for controlling, i.e. containing ordestroying, pests of the abovementioned type which occur in particular on plants, especially on useful plants and ornamentals in agriculture, in horticulture and in forests, or on organs, such as fruits, flowers, foliage, stalks, tubers or roots, of such plants, and in some cases even plant organs which are formed at a later point in time remain protected against these pests.

[0245] Suitable target crops are, in particular, cereals, such as wheat, barley, rye, oats, rice, maize orsorghum; beet, such as sugar or fodder beet; fruit, for example pomaceous fruit, stone fruit or soft fruit, such as apples, pears, plums, peaches, almonds, cherries or berries, for example strawberries, raspberries or blackberries; leguminous crops, such as beans, lentils, peas or soya; oil crops, such as oilseed rape, mustard, poppies, olives, sunflowers, coco-nut, castor, cocoa or ground nuts; cucurbits, such as pumpkins, cucumbers or melons; fibre plants, such as cotton, flax, hemp or jute; citrus fruit, such as oranges, lemons, grapefruit or tangerines; vegetables, such as spinach, lettuce, asparagus, cabbages, carrots, onions, tomatoes, potatoes or bell peppers; Lauraceae, such as avocado, Cinnamonium or camphor; and also tobacco, nuts, coffee, eggplants, sugarcane, tea, pepper, grapevines, hops, the plantain family and latex plants.

[0246] The compositions and / or methods of the present invention may be also used on any ornamentaland / or vegetable crops, including flowers, shrubs, broad-leaved trees and evergreens.

[0247] For example the invention may be used on any of the following ornamental species: Ageratum spp.,Alonsoa spp., Anemone spp., Anisodontea capsenisis, Anthemis spp., Antirrhinum spp., Aster spp.,Begonia spp. (e.g. B. elatior, B. semperflorens, B. tubéreux), Bougainvillea spp., Brachycome spp.,Brassica spp. (ornamental), Calceolaria spp., Capsicum annuum, Catharanthus roseus, Canna spp.,Centaurea spp., Chrysanthemum spp., Cineraria spp. (C. maritime), Coreopsis spp., Crassula coccinea,Cuphea ignea, Dahlia spp., Delphinium spp., Dicentra spectabilis, Dorotheantus spp., Eustoma grandiflorum,Forsythia spp., Fuchsia spp., Geranium gnaphalium, Gerbera spp., Gomphrena globosa, Heliotropium spp.,Helianthus spp., Hibiscus spp., Hortensia spp., Hydrangea spp., Hypoestes phyllostachya, Impatiens spp. (I.Walleriana), Iresines spp., Kalanchoe spp., Lantana camara, Lavatera trimestris, Leonotis leonurus,Lilium spp., Mesembryanthemum spp., Mimulus spp., Monarda spp., Nemesia spp., Tagetes spp., Dianthusspp. (carnation), Canna spp., Oxalis spp., Bellis spp., Pelargonium spp. (P. peltatum, P. Zonale), Viola spp.(pansy), Petunia spp., Phlox spp., Plecthranthus spp., Poinsettia spp., Parthenocissus spp. (P. quinquefolia,P. tricuspidata), Primula spp., Ranunculus spp., Rhododendron spp., Rosa spp. (rose), Rudbeckia spp.,Saintpaulia spp., Salvia spp., Scaevola aemola, Schizanthus wisetonensis, Sedum spp., Solanum spp.,Surfinia spp., Tagetes spp., Nicotinia spp., Verbena spp., Zinnia spp. and other bedding plants.109921 | 83176 FF

[0248] For example the invention may be used on any of the following vegetable species: Allium spp. (A.sativum, A.. cepa, A. oschaninii, A. Porrum, A. ascalonicum, A. fistulosum), Anthriscus cerefolium, Apiumgraveolus, Asparagus officinalis, Beta vulgarus, Brassica spp. (B. Oleracea, B. Pekinensis, B. rapa), Capsicumannuum, Cicer arietinum, Cichorium endivia, Cichorum spp. (C. intybus, C. endivia), Citrillus lanatus,Cucumis spp. (C. sativus, C. melo), Cucurbita spp. (C. pepo, C. maxima), Cyanara spp. (C. scolymus, C.cardunculus), Daucus carota, Foeniculum vulgare, Hypericum spp., Lactuca sativa, Lycopersicon spp. (L.esculentum, L. lycopersicum), Mentha spp., Ocimum basilicum, Petroselinum crispum, Phaseolus spp. (P.vulgaris, P. coccineus), Pisum sativum, Raphanus sativus, Rheum rhaponticum, Rosemarinus spp.,Salvia spp., Scorzonera hispanica, Solanum melongena, Spinacea oleracea, Valerianella spp. (V. locusta, V.eriocarpa) and Vicia faba.

[0249] Preferred ornamental species include African violet, Begonia, Dahlia, Gerbera, Hydrangea, Verbena,Rosa, Kalanchoe, Poinsettia, Aster, Centaurea, Coreopsis, Delphinium, Monarda, Phlox, Rudbeckia, Sedum, Petunia, Viola, Impatiens, Geranium, Chrysanthemum, Ranunculus, Fuchsia, Salvia, Hortensia, rosemary, sage, St. Johnswort, mint, sweet pepper, tomato and cucumber.

[0250] The active ingredients according to the invention are especially suitable for controlling Aphiscraccivora, Diabrotica balteata, Heliothis virescens, Myzus persicae, Plutella xylostella and Spodopteralittoralis in cotton, vegetable, maize, rice and soya crops. The active ingredients according to the invention arefurther especially suitable for controlling Mamestra (preferably in vegetables), Cydia pomonella (preferably inapples), Empoasca (preferably in vegetables, vineyards), Leptinotarsa (preferably in potatos) and Chilosupressalis (preferably in rice).

[0251] The compounds of formula (I) are particularly suitable for control of^ a pest of the order Hemiptera, for example, one or more of the species Bemisia tabaci, Aphiscraccivora, Myzus persicae, Rhopalosiphum padi, Nilaparvata lugens, and Euschistus heros (preferablyin sunflower, vegetables, soybeans, and sugarcane); ^a pest of the order Lepidoptera, for example, one or more of the species Spodoptera littoralis,Spodoptera frugiperda, Plutella xylostella, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, Cydia pomonella, Chrysodeixis includes, Chilo suppressalis, Elasmopalpus lignosellus, Pseudoplusia includens, and Tuta absoluta (preferably in vegetables and corn);^ a pest of the order Thysanoptera, such as the family Thripidae, for example, one or more of Thripstabaci and Frankliniella occidentalis (preferably in sunflower and vegetables, such as beans); and^ soil pests (such as of the order Coleoptera), for example, the species Diabrotica balteata, Agriotesspp. and Leptinotarsa decemlineata (preferably in vegetables and corn).

[0252] The term "crops" is to be understood as including also crop plants which have been so transformedby the use of recombinant DNA techniques that they are capable of synthesising one or more selectively acting toxins, such as are known, for example, from toxin-producing bacteria, especially those of the genus Bacillus.

[0253] Toxins that can be expressed by such transgenic plants include, for example, insecticidal proteins,for example insecticidal proteins from Bacillus cereus or Bacillus popilliae; or insecticidal proteins from Bacillusthuringiensis, such as δ-endotoxins, e.g. Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1F, Cry1FA2, Cry2Ab, Cry3A, Cry3Bb1 or Cry9C,109921 | 83176 FFor vegetative insecticidal proteins (Vip), e.g. Vip1, Vip2, Vip3 or Vip3A; or insecticidal proteins of bacteriacolonising nematodes, for example Photorhabdus spp. or Xenorhabdus spp., such as Photorhabdusluminescens, Xenorhabdus nematophilus; toxins produced by animals, such as scorpion toxins, arachnid toxins, wasp toxins and other insect-specific neurotoxins; toxins produced by fungi, such as Streptomycetes toxins, plant lectins, such as pea lectins, barley lectins or snowdrop lectins; agglutinins; proteinase inhibitors, such as trypsin inhibitors, serine protease inhibitors, patatin, cystatin, papain inhibitors; ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIP), such as ricin, maize-RIP, abrin, luffin, saporin or bryodin; steroid metabolism enzymes, such as 3-hydroxysteroidoxidase, ecdysteroid-UDP-glycosyl-transferase, cholesterol oxidases, ecdysone inhibitors, HMG-COA-reductase, ion channel blockers, such as blockers of sodium or calcium channels, juvenile hormoneesterase, diuretic hormone receptors, stilbene synthase, bibenzyl synthase, chitinases and glucanases.

[0254] In the context of the present invention there are to be understood by δ-endotoxins, for exampleCry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1F, Cry1FA2, Cry2Ab, Cry3A, Cry3Bb1 or Cry9C, or vegetative insecticidal proteins (Vip), for example Vip1, Vip2, Vip3 or Vip3A, expressly also hybrid toxins, truncated toxins and modified toxins. Hybrid toxins are produced recombinantly by a new combination of different domains of those proteins (see, forexample, WO 02 / 15701). Truncated toxins, for example a truncated Cry1Ab, are known. In the case of modifiedtoxins, one or more amino acids of the naturally occurring toxin are replaced. In such amino acid replacements, preferably non-naturally present protease recognition sequences are inserted into the toxin, such as, for example, in the case of Cry3A055, a cathepsin-G-recognition sequence is inserted into a Cry3A toxin (see WO 03 / 018810).

[0255] Examples of such toxins or transgenic plants capable of synthesising such toxins are disclosed, forexample, in EP-A-0 374 753, WO 93 / 07278, WO 95 / 34656, EP-A-0 427 529, EP-A-451 878 and WO03 / 052073.

[0256] The processes for the preparation of such transgenic plants are generally known to the person skilledin the art and are described, for example, in the publications mentioned above. CryI-type deoxyribonucleic acids and their preparation are known, for example, from WO 95 / 34656, EP-A-0367474, EP-A-0401979 and WO 90 / 13651.

[0257] The toxin contained in the transgenic plants imparts to the plants tolerance to harmful insects. Suchinsects can occur in any taxonomic group of insects, but are especially commonly found in the beetles(Coleoptera), two-winged insects (Diptera) and moths (Lepidoptera).

[0258] Transgenic plants containing one or more genes that code for an insecticidal resistance and expressone or more toxins are known and some of them are commercially available. Examples of such plants are: YieldGard® (maize variety that expresses a Cry1Ab toxin); YieldGard Rootworm® (maize variety that expresses a Cry3Bb1 toxin); YieldGard Plus® (maize variety that expresses a Cry1Ab and a Cry3Bb1 toxin); Starlink® (maize variety that expresses a Cry9C toxin); Herculex I® (maize variety that expresses a Cry1FA2toxin and the enzyme phosphinothricine N-acetyltransferase (PAT) to achieve tolerance to the herbicideglufosinate ammonium); NuCOTN 33B® (cotton variety that expresses a Cry1Ac toxin); Bollgard I® (cottonvariety that expresses a Cry1Ac toxin); Bollgard II® (cotton variety that expresses a Cry1Ac and a Cry2Ab toxin); VipCot® (cotton variety that expresses a Vip3A and a Cry1Ab toxin); NewLeaf® (potato variety that109921 | 83176 FFexpresses a Cry3A toxin); Nature-Gard®, Agrisure® GT Advantage (GA21 glyphosate-tolerant trait), Agrisure® CB Advantage (Bt11 corn borer (CB) trait) and Protecta®.

[0259] Further examples of such transgenic crops are:1. Bt11 Maize from Syngenta Seeds SAS, Chemin de l'Hobit 27, F-31790 St. Sauveur, France,registration number C / FR / 96 / 05 / 10. Genetically modified Zea mays which has been rendered resistant toattack by the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis and Sesamia nonagrioides) by transgenicexpression of a truncated Cry1Ab toxin. Bt11 maize also transgenically expresses the enzyme PAT to achieve tolerance to the herbicide glufosinate ammonium. 2. Bt176 Maize from Syngenta Seeds SAS, Chemin de l'Hobit 27, F-31790 St. Sauveur, France,registration number C / FR / 96 / 05 / 10. Genetically modified Zea mays which has been rendered resistant toattack by the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis and Sesamia nonagrioides) by transgenicexpression of a Cry1Ab toxin. Bt176 maize also transgenically expresses the enzyme PAT to achieve tolerance to the herbicide glufosinate ammonium. 3. MIR604 Maize from Syngenta Seeds SAS, Chemin de l'Hobit 27, F-31790 St. Sauveur, France,registration number C / FR / 96 / 05 / 10. Maize which has been rendered insect-resistant by transgenic expression of a modified Cry3A toxin. This toxin is Cry3A055 modified by insertion of a cathepsin-G- protease recognition sequence. The preparation of such transgenic maize plants is described in WO 03 / 018810. 4. MON 863 Maize from Monsanto Europe S.A. 270-272 Avenue de Tervuren, B-1150 Brussels,Belgium, registration number C / DE / 02 / 9. MON 863 expresses a Cry3Bb1 toxin and has resistance tocertain Coleoptera insects. 5. IPC 531 Cotton from Monsanto Europe S.A. 270-272 Avenue de Tervuren, B-1150 Brussels,Belgium, registration number C / ES / 96 / 02. 6. 1507 Maize from Pioneer Overseas Corporation, Avenue Tedesco, 7 B-1160 Brussels, Belgium,registration number C / NL / 00 / 10. Genetically modified maize for the expression of the protein Cry1F for achieving resistance to certain Lepidoptera insects and of the PAT protein for achieving tolerance to the herbicide glufosinate ammonium. 7. NK603 × MON 810 Maize from Monsanto Europe S.A. 270-272 Avenue de Tervuren, B-1150Brussels, Belgium, registration number C / GB / 02 / M3 / 03. Consists of conventionally bred hybrid maize varieties by crossing the genetically modified varieties NK603 and MON 810. NK603 × MON 810 Maize transgenically expresses the protein CP4 EPSPS, obtained from Agrobacterium sp. strain CP4, whichimparts tolerance to the herbicide Roundup® (contains glyphosate), and also a Cry1Ab toxin obtained from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki which brings about tolerance to certain Lepidoptera, includethe European corn borer.

[0260] Transgenic crops of insect-resistant plants are also described in BATS (Zentrum für Biosicherheitund Nachhaltigkeit, Zentrum BATS, Clarastrasse 13, 4058 Basel, Switzerland) Report 2003, (http: / / bats.ch).

[0261] The term "crops" is to be understood as including also crop plants which have been so transformedby the use of recombinant DNA techniques that they are capable of synthesising antipathogenic substances109921 | 83176 FFhaving a selective action, such as, for example, the so-called "pathogenesis-related proteins" (PRPs, see e.g. EP-A-0392225). Examples of such antipathogenic substances and transgenic plants capable of synthesisingsuch antipathogenic substances are known, for example, from EP-A-0392225, WO 95 / 33818 and EP-A-0353191. The methods of producing such transgenic plants are generally known to the person skilled in the art and are described, for example, in the publications mentioned above.

[0262] Crops may also be modified for enhanced resistance to fungal (for example Fusarium, Anthracnose,or Phytophthora), bacterial (for example Pseudomonas) or viral (for example potato leafroll virus, tomato spotted wilt virus, cucumber mosaic virus) pathogens.

[0263] Crops also include those that have enhanced resistance to nematodes, such as the soybean cystnematode.

[0264] Crops that are tolerant to abiotic stress include those that have enhanced tolerance to drought, highsalt, high temperature, chill, frost, or light radiation, for example through expression of NF-YB or other proteins known in the art.

[0265] Antipathogenic substances which can be expressed by such transgenic plants include, for example,ion channel blockers, such as blockers for sodium and calcium channels, for example the viral KP1, KP4 or KP6 toxins; stilbene synthases; bibenzyl synthases; chitinases; glucanases; the so-called "pathogenesis- related proteins" (PRPs; see e.g. EP-A-0392225); antipathogenic substances produced by microorganisms,for example peptide antibiotics or heterocyclic antibiotics (see e.g. WO 95 / 33818) or protein or polypeptidefactors involved in plant pathogen defence (so-called "plant disease resistance genes", as described in WO 03 / 000906).

[0266] Further areas of use of the compositions according to the invention are the protection of stored goodsand store rooms and the protection of raw materials, such as wood, textiles, floor coverings or buildings, andalso in the hygiene sector, especially the protection of humans, domestic animals and productive livestockagainst pests of the mentioned type.

[0267] The present invention provides a compound of the first aspect for use in therapy. The presentinvention provides a compound of the first aspect, for use in controlling parasites in or on an animal. The present invention further provides a compound of the first aspect, for use in controlling ectoparasites on an animal. The present invention further provides a compound of the first aspect, for use in preventing and / or treating diseases transmitted by ectoparasites.

[0268] The present invention provides the use of a compound of the first aspect, for the manufacture of amedicament for controlling parasites in or on an animal. The present invention further provides the use of a compound of the first aspect, for the manufacture of a medicament for controlling ectoparasites on an animal. The present invention further provides the use of a compound of the first aspect, for the manufacture of a medicament for preventing and / or treating diseases transmitted by ectoparasites.

[0269] The present invention provides the use of a compound of the first aspect, in controlling parasites inor on an animal. The present invention further provides the use of a compound of the first aspect , in controlling ectoparasites on an animal.109921 | 83176 FF

[0270] The term "controlling" when used in context of parasites in or on an animal refers to reducing thenumber of pests or parasites, eliminating pests or parasites and / or preventing further pest or parasite infestation.

[0271] The term "treating" when used in context of parasites in or on an animal refers to restraining, slowing,stopping or reversing the progression or severity of an existing symptom or disease.

[0272] The term "preventing" when used in context of parasites in or on an animal refers to the avoidanceof a symptom or disease developing in the animal.

[0273] The term "animal" when used in context of parasites in or on an animal may refer to a mammal anda non-mammal, such as a bird or fish. In the case of a mammal, it may be a human or non-human mammal. Non-human mammals include, but are not limited to, livestock animals and companion animals. Livestock animals include, but are not limited to, cattle, camelids, pigs, sheep, goats and horses. Companion animals include, but are not limited to, dogs, cats and rabbits.

[0274] A "parasite" is a pest which lives in or on the host animal and benefits by deriving nutrients at thehost animal's expense. An "endoparasite" is a parasite which lives in the host animal. An "ectoparasite" is a parasite which lives on the host animal. Ectoparasites include, but are not limited to, acari, insects and crustaceans (e.g. sea lice). The Acari (or Acarina) sub-class comprises ticks and mites. Ticks include, but arenot limited to, members of the following genera: Rhipicaphalus, for example, Rhipicaphalus (Boophilus)microplus and Rhipicephalus sanguineus; Amblyomrna; Dermacentor; Haemaphysalis; Hyalomma; Ixodes;Rhipicentor; Margaropus; Argas; Otobius; and Ornithodoros. Mites include, but are not limited to, members ofthe following genera: Chorioptes, for example Chorioptes bovis; Psoroptes, for example Psoroptesovis;Cheyletiella; Dermanyssus; for example Dermanyssusgallinae; Ortnithonyssus; Demodex, for example Demodexcanis; Sarcoptes, for example Sarcoptes scabiei; and Psorergates. Insects include, but are not limited to, members of the orders: Siphonaptera, Diptera, Phthiraptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera and Homoptera.Members of the Siphonaptera order include, but are not limited to, Ctenocephalides felis and Ctenocephatidescanis. Members of the Diptera order include, but are not limited to, Musca spp.; bot fly, for exampleGasterophilus intestinalis and Oestrus ovis; biting flies; horse flies, for example Haematopota spp. and Tabunusspp.; haematobia, for example haematobia irritans; Stomoxys; Lucilia; midges; and mosquitoes. Members ofthe Phthiraptera class include, but are not limited to, blood sucking lice and chewing lice, for example Bovicolaovis and Bovicola bovis.

[0275] The term "effective amount" when used in context of parasites in or on an animal refers to the amountor dose of the compound of the invention, or a salt thereof, which, upon single or multiple dose administration to the animal, provides the desired effect in or on the animal. The effective amount can be readily determined by the attending diagnostician, as one skilled in the art, by the use of known techniques and by observing results obtained under analogous circumstances. In determining the effective amount a number of factors are considered by the attending diagnostician, including, but not limited to: the species of mammal; its size, age, and general health; the parasite to be controlled and the degree of infestation; the specific disease or disorder involved; the degree of involvement or the severity of the disease or disorder; the response of the individual; the particular compound administered; the mode of administration; the bioavailability characteristics of the109921 | 83176 FFpreparation administered; the dose regimen selected; the use of concomitant medication; and other relevant circumstances.

[0276] The compounds of the invention may be administered to the animal by any route which has thedesired effect including, but not limited to topically, orally, parenterally'and subcutaneously. Topical administration is preferred. Formulations suitable for topical administration include, for example, solutions, emulsions and suspensions and may take the form of a pour-on, spot-on, spray-on, spray race or dip. In the alternative, the compounds of the invention may be administered by means of an ear tag or collar.

[0277] Salt forms of the compounds of the invention include both pharmaceutically acceptable salts andveterinary acceptable salts, which can be different to agrochemically acceptable salts. Pharmaceutically andveterinary acceptable salts and common methodology for preparing them are well known in the art. See, for example, Gould, P.L., "Salt selection for basic drugs", International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 33: 201 -217 (1986); Bastin, R.J., et al. "Salt Selection and Optimization Procedures for Pharmaceutical New Chemical Entities", Organic Process Research and Development, 4: 427-435 (2000); and Berge, S.M., et al., "Pharmaceutical Salts", Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 66: 1-19, (1977). One skilled in the art of synthesiswill appreciate that the compounds of the invention are readily converted to and may be isolated as a salt, suchas a hydrochloride salt, using techniques and conditions well known to one of ordinary skill in the art. In addition, one skilled in the art of synthesis will appreciate that the compounds of the invention are readily converted to and may be isolated as the corresponding free base from the corresponding salt.

[0278] The present invention also provides a method for controlling pests (such as mosquitoes and otherdisease vectors; see also http: / / www.who.int / malaria / vector_control / irs / en / ). In one embodiment, the method for controlling pests comprises applying the compositions of the invention to the target pests, to their locus or to a surface or substrate by brushing, rolling, spraying, spreading or dipping. By way of example, an IRS (indoor residual spraying) application of a surface such as a wall, ceiling or floor surface is contemplated by the method of the invention. In another embodiment, it is contemplated to apply such compositions to a substrate such asnon-woven or a fabric material in the form of (or which can be used in the manufacture of) netting, clothing,bedding, curtains and tents.

[0279] In one embodiment, the method for controlling such pests comprises applying a pesticidally effectiveamount of the compositions of the invention to the target pests, to their locus, or to a surface or substrate so as to provide effective residual pesticidal activity on the surface or substrate. Such application may be made by brushing, rolling, spraying, spreading or dipping the pesticidal composition of the invention. By way of example, an IRS application of a surface such as a wall, ceiling or floor surface is contemplated by the method of the invention so as to provide effective residual pesticidal activity on the surface. In another embodiment, itis contemplated to apply such compositions for residual control of pests on a substrate such as a fabric materialin the form of (or which can be used in the manufacture of) netting, clothing, bedding, curtains and tents.

[0280] Substrates including non-woven, fabrics or netting to be treated may be made of natural fibres suchas cotton, raffia, jute, flax, sisal, hessian, or wool, or synthetic fibres such as polyamide, polyester, polypropylene, polyacrylonitrile or the like. The polyesters are particularly suitable. The methods of textile109921 | 83176 FFtreatment are known, e.g. WO 2008 / 151984, WO 2003 / 034823, US 5631072, WO 2005 / 64072, WO 2006 / 128870, EP 1724392, WO 2005 / 113886 or WO 2007 / 090739.

[0281] Further areas of use of the compositions according to the invention are the field of tree injection / trunktreatment for all ornamental trees as well all sort of fruit and nut trees.

[0282] In the field of tree injection / trunk treatment, the compounds according to the present invention areespecially suitable against wood-boring insects from the order Lepidoptera as mentioned above and from theorder Coleoptera, especially against woodborers listed in the following tables A and B: Table A. Examples of exotic woodborers of economic importance. Family Species Host or Crop InfestedBuprestidae Agrilus planipennis Ash Cerambycidae Anoplura glabripennis Hardwoods Scolytidae Xylosandrus crassiusculus Hardwoods X. mutilatus Hardwoods Tomicus piniperda Conifers Table B. Examples of native woodborers of economic importance. Family Species Host or Crop InfestedBuprestidae Agrilus anxius Birch Agrilus politus Willow, Maple Agrilus sayi Bayberry, Sweetfern Agrilus vittaticolllis Apple, Pear, Cranberry, Serviceberry, HawthornChrysobothris femorata Apple, Apricot, Beech, Boxelder, Cherry, Chestnut, Currant, Elm, Hawthorn, Hackberry, Hickory, Horsechestnut, Linden, Maple, Mountain-ash, Oak, Pecan, Pear, Peach, Persimmon, Plum, Poplar, Quince, Redbud, Serviceberry, Sycamore, Walnut, Willow Texania campestris Basswood, Beech, Maple, Oak, Sycamore, Willow, Yellow-poplar Cerambycidae Goes pulverulentus Beech, Elm, Nuttall, Willow, Black oak, Cherrybark oak, Water oak, Sycamore Goes tigrinus Oak Neoclytus acuminatus Ash, Hickory, Oak, Walnut, Birch, Beech, Maple, Eastern hophornbeam, Dogwood, Persimmon, Redbud, Holly, Hackberry, Black locust, Honeylocust, Yellow-poplar, Chestnut, Osage-109921 | 83176 FFFamily Species Host or Crop Infestedorange, Sassafras, Lilac, Mountain-mahogany, Pear, Cherry, Plum, Peach, Apple, Elm, Basswood, Sweetgum Neoptychodes trilineatus Fig, Alder, Mulberry, Willow, Netleaf hackberry Oberea ocellata Sumac, Apple, Peach, Plum, Pear, Currant, Blackberry Oberea tripunctata Dogwood, Viburnum, Elm, Sourwood, Blueberry, Rhododendron, Azalea, Laurel, Poplar, Willow, Mulberry Oncideres cingulata Hickory, Pecan, Persimmon, Elm, Sourwood, Basswood, Honeylocust, Dogwood, Eucalyptus, Oak, Hackberry, Maple, Fruit trees Saperda calcarata Poplar Strophiona nitens Chestnut, Oak, Hickory, Walnut, Beech, Maple Scolytidae Corthylus columbianus Maple, Oak, Yellow-poplar, Beech, Boxelder, Sycamore, Birch, Basswood, Chestnut, Elm Dendroctonus frontalis Pine Dryocoetes betulae Birch, Sweetgum, Wild cherry, Beech, Pear Monarthrum fasciatum Oak, Maple, Birch, Chestnut, Sweetgum, Blackgum, Poplar, Hickory, Mimosa, Apple, Peach, Pine Phloeotribus liminaris Peach, Cherry, Plum, Black cherry, Elm, Mulberry, Mountain-ash Pseudopityophthorus Oak, American beech, Black cherry, Chickasaw pruinosus plum, Chestnut, Maple, Hickory, Hornbeam, Hophornbeam Sesiidae Paranthrene simulans Oak, American chestnut Sannina uroceriformis Persimmon Synanthedon exitiosa Peach, Plum, Nectarine, Cherry, Apricot, Almond, Black cherry Synanthedon pictipes Peach, Plum, Cherry, Beach, Black Cherry Synanthedon rubrofascia Tupelo Synanthedon scitula Dogwood, Pecan, Hickory, Oak, Chestnut, Beech, Birch, Black cherry, Elm, Mountain-ash, Viburnum, Willow, Apple, Loquat, Ninebark, Bayberry Vitacea polistiformis Grape

[0283] The present invention may be also used to control any insect pests that may be present in turfgrass,including for example beetles, caterpillars, fire ants, ground pearls, millipedes, sow bugs, mites, mole crickets,109921 | 83176 FFscales, mealybugs, ticks, spittlebugs, southern chinch bugs and white grubs. The present invention may be used to control insect pests at various stages of their life cycle, including eggs, larvae, nymphs and adults.

[0284] In particular, the present invention may be used to control insect pests that feed on the roots ofturfgrass including white grubs (such as Cyclocephala spp. (e.g. masked chafer, C. lurida),Rhizotrogus spp. (e.g. European chafer, R. majalis), Cotinus spp. (e.g. Green June beetle, C. nitida),Popillia spp. (e.g. Japanese beetle, P. japonica), Phyllophaga spp. (e.g. May / June beetle), Ataenius spp. (e.g.Black turfgrass ataenius, A. spretulus), Maladera spp. (e.g. Asiatic garden beetle, M. castanea) and Tomarusspp., ground pearls (Margarodes spp.), mole crickets (tawny, southern, and short-winged; Scapteriscus spp.,Gryllotalpa africana) and leatherjackets (European crane fly, Tipula spp.).

[0285] The present invention may also be used to control insect pests of turfgrass that are thatch dwelling,including armyworms (such as fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda, and common armyworm Pseudaletiaunipuncta), cutworms, billbugs (Sphenophorus spp., such as S. venatus verstitus and S. parvulus), and sodwebworms (such as Crambus spp. and the tropical sod webworm, Herpetogramma phaeopteralis).

[0286] The present invention may also be used to control insect pests of turfgrass that live above the groundand feed on the turfgrass leaves, including chinch bugs (such as southern chinch bugs, Blissusinsularis), Bermudagrass mite (Eriophyes cynodoniensis), rhodesgrass mealybug (Antonina graminis), two-lined spittlebug (Propsapia bicincta), leafhoppers, cutworms (Noctuidae family), and greenbugs.

[0287] The present invention may also be used to control other pests of turfgrass such as red imported fireants (Solenopsis invicta) that create ant mounds in turf.

[0288] In the hygiene sector, the compositions according to the invention are active against ectoparasitessuch as hard ticks, soft ticks, mange mites, harvest mites, flies (biting and licking), parasitic fly larvae, lice, hair lice, bird lice and fleas.

[0289] Examples of such parasites are:^ Of the order Anoplurida: Haematopinus spp., Linognathus spp., Pediculus spp., Phtirus spp.,Solenopotes spp.. ^Of the order Mallophagida: Trimenopon spp., Menopon spp., Trinoton spp., Bovicola spp.,Werneckiella spp., Lepikentron spp., Damalina spp., Trichodectes spp. and Felicola spp.. ^Of the order Diptera and the suborders Nematocerina and Brachycerina, for example Aedes spp.,Anopheles spp., Culex spp., Simulium spp., Eusimulium spp., Phlebotomus spp., Lutzomyia spp., Culicoides spp., Chrysops spp., Hybomitra spp., Atylotus spp., Tabanus spp., Haematopota spp., Philipomyia spp., Braula spp., Musca spp., Hydrotaea spp., Stomoxys spp., Haematobia spp., Morellia spp., Fannia spp., Glossina spp., Calliphora spp., Lucilia spp., Chrysomyia spp., Wohlfahrtia spp., Sarcophaga spp., Oestrus spp., Hypoderma spp., Gasterophilus spp., Hippobosca spp., Lipoptena spp. and Melophagus spp.. ^Of the order Siphonapterida, for example Pulex spp., Ctenocephalides spp., Xenopsylla spp.,Ceratophyllus spp.. ^Of the order Heteropterida, for example Cimex spp., Triatoma spp., Rhodnius spp., Panstrongylusspp..109921 | 83176 FF^ Of the order Blattarida, for example Blatta orientalis, Periplaneta americana, Blattela germanica andSupella spp.. ^Of the subclass Acaria (Acarida) and the orders Meta- and Meso-stigmata, for example Argas spp.,Ornithodorus spp., Otobius spp., Ixodes spp., Amblyomma spp., Boophilus spp., Dermacentor spp.,Haemophysalis spp., Hyalomma spp., Rhipicephalus spp., Dermanyssus spp., Raillietia spp., Pneumonyssus spp., Sternostoma spp. and Varroa spp.. ^Of the orders Actinedida (Prostigmata) and Acaridida (Astigmata), for example Acarapis spp.,Cheyletiella spp., Ornithocheyletia spp., Myobia spp., Psorergatesspp., Demodex spp., Trombicula spp., Listrophorus spp., Acarus spp., Tyrophagus spp., Caloglyphus spp., Hypodectes spp., Pterolichus spp., Psoroptes spp., Chorioptes spp., Otodectes spp., Sarcoptes spp., Notoedres spp., Knemidocoptes spp., Cytodites spp. and Laminosioptes spp..

[0290] The compositions according to the invention are also suitable for protecting against insect infestationin the case of materials such as wood, textiles, plastics, adhesives, glues, paints, paper and card, leather, floor coverings and buildings.

[0291] The compositions according to the invention can be used, for example, against the following pests :beetles such as Hylotrupes bajulus, Chlorophorus pilosis, Anobium punctatum, Xestobium rufovillosum, Ptilinuspecticornis, Dendrobium pertinex, Ernobius mollis, Priobium carpini, Lyctus brunneus, Lyctus africanus,Lyctus planicollis, Lyctus linearis, Lyctus pubescens, Trogoxylon aequale, Minthesrugicollis, Xyleborus spp.,Tryptodendron spp., Apate monachus, Bostrychus capucins, Heterobostrychus brunneus, Sinoxylon spp., and Dinoderus minutus, and also hymenopterans such as Sirex juvencus, Urocerus gigas, Urocerus gigas taignus and Urocerus augur, and termites such as Kalotermes flavicollis, Cryptotermes brevis, Heterotermes indicola, Reticulitermes flavipes, Reticulitermes santonensis, Reticulitermes lucifugus, Mastotermes darwiniensis, Zootermopsis nevadensis and Coptotermes formosanus, and bristletails such as Lepisma saccharina.

[0292] The compounds of formulae I, and I’a, or salts thereof, are especially suitable for controlling one ormore pests selected from the family: Noctuidae, Plutellidae, Chrysomelidae, Thripidae, Pentatomidae, Tortricidae, Delphacidae, Aphididae, Noctuidae, Crambidae, Meloidogynidae, and Heteroderidae. In apreferred embodiment of each aspect, a compound TX (where the abbreviation "TX" means “one compoundselected from the compounds defined in Tables A-1 to A-30, Tables B-1 to B-5, and Table P”) controls one ormore of pests selected from the family: Noctuidae, Plutellidae, Chrysomelidae, Thripidae, Pentatomidae, Tortricidae, Delphacidae, Aphididae, Noctuidae, Crambidae, Meloidogynidae, and Heteroderidae.

[0293] The compounds of formulae I, and I’a, or salts thereof, are especially suitable for controlling one ormore pests selected from the genus: Spodoptera spp., Plutella spp., Frankliniella spp., Thrips spp., Euschistus spp., Cydia spp., Nilaparvata spp., Myzus spp., Aphis spp., Diabrotica spp., Rhopalosiphum spp., Pseudoplusiaspp and Chilo spp.

[0294] In a preferred embodiment of each aspect, a compound TX (where the abbreviation "TX" means “onecompound selected from the compounds defined in Tables A-1 to A-30, Tables B-1 to B-5, and Table P”)controls one or more of pests selected from the genus: Spodoptera spp., Plutella spp., Frankliniella spp., Thrips109921 | 83176 FFspp., Euschistus spp., Cydia spp., Nilaparvata spp., Myzus spp., Aphis spp., Diabrotica spp., Rhopalosiphumspp., Pseudoplusia spp and Chilo spp.

[0295] The compounds of formulae I, and I’a, or salts thereof, are especially suitable for controlling one ormore of Spodoptera littoralis, Plutella xylostella, Frankliniella occidentalis, Thrips tabaci, Euschistus heros, Cydia pomonella, Nilaparvata lugens, Myzus persicae, Chrysodeixis incIudens, Aphis craccivora, Diabrotica balteata, Rhopalosiphum padi, and Chilo suppressalis.

[0296] In a preferred embodiment of each aspect, a compound TX (where the abbreviation "TX" means “onecompound selected from the compounds defined in Tables A-1 to A-30, Tables B-1 to B-5, and Table P”)controls one or more of Spodoptera littoralis, Plutella xylostella, Frankliniella occidentalis, Thrips tabaci, Euschistus heros, Cydia pomonella, Nilaparvata lugens, Myzus persicae, Chrysodeixis incIudens, Aphiscraccivora, Diabrotica balteata, Rhopalosiphum Padia, and Chilo Suppressalis, such as Spodoptera littoralis +TX, Plutella xylostella + TX; Frankliniella occidentalis + TX, Thrips tabaci + TX, Euschistus heros + TX, Cydiapomonella + TX, Nilaparvata lugens + TX, Myzus persicae + TX, Chrysodeixis incIudens + TX, Aphis craccivora+ TX, Diabrotica balteata + TX, Rhopalosiphum Padi + TX, and Chilo suppressalis + TX.

[0297] In an embodiment of each aspect, a compound selected from the compounds defined in Tables A-1to A-30, Tables B-1 to B-5, and Table P is suitable for controlling Spodoptera littoralis, Plutella xylostella,Frankliniella occidentalis, Thrips tabaci, Euschistus heros, Cydia pomonella, Nilaparvata lugens, Myzus persicae, Chrysodeixis incIudens, Aphis craccivora, Diabrotica balteata, Rhopalosiphum Padia, and ChiloSuppressalis in cotton, vegetable, maize, cereal, rice and soya crops.

[0298] In an embodiment of each aspect, a compound selected from the compounds defined in Tables A-1to A-30, Tables B-1 to B-5, and Table P is suitable for controlling Mamestra (preferably in vegetables), Cydiapomonella (preferably in apples), Empoasca (preferably in vegetables, vineyards), Leptinotarsa (preferably in potatos) and Chilo supressalis (preferably in rice).

[0299] Compounds according to the invention may possess any number of benefits including, inter alia,advantageous levels of biological activity for protecting plants against insects or superior properties for use as agrochemical active ingredients (for example, greater biological activity, an advantageous spectrum of activity, an increased safety profile (against non-target organisms above and below ground (such as fish, birds and bees), improved physico-chemical properties, or increased biodegradability). In particular, it has been surprisingly found that certain compounds of formula (I) may show an advantageous safety profile with respect to non-target arthropods, in particular pollinators such as honey bees, solitary bees, and bumble bees, most particularly, Apis mellifera.

[0300] The following combinations of a compound of formula I with another active substance in a weightratio of 1:1 are preferred (where the abbreviation “TX” means "one compound selected from the compoundsdefined in Tables A-1 to A-30, Tables B-1 to B-5, and Table P”):

[0301] The following combinations of a compound of formula I with another active substance in a weightratio of 1:1 are preferred (where the abbreviation “TX” means “one compound selected from the compounds defined in the Tables A-1 to A-30, Tables B-1 to B-5, and Table P”):109921 | 83176 FF(7E,9Z)-dodeca-7,9-dien-1-yl acetate + TX, (9Z,11E)-tetradeca-9,11-dien-1-yl acetate + TX, (9Z,12E)- tetradeca-9,12-dien-1-yl acetate + TX, (E)-6-methylhept-2-en-4-ol + TX, (E)-dec-5-en-1-yl acetate with (E)-dec- 5-en-1-ol + TX, (E)-tridec-4-en-1-yl acetate + TX, (E,Z)-tetradeca-4,10-dien-1-yl acetate + TX, (Z)-dodec-7-en- 1-yl acetate + TX, (Z)-hexadec-11-en-1-yl acetate + TX, (Z)-hexadec-11-enal + TX, (Z)-hexadec-13-en-11-yn- 1-yl acetate + TX, (Z)-icos-13-en-10-one + TX, (Z)-tetradec-7-en-1-al + TX, (Z)-tetradec-9-en-1-ol + TX, (Z)- tetradec-9-en-1-yl acetate + TX, 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-fluoro-4-methyl-5-(2,2,2-trifluoroethylsulfanyl)benzene + TX, 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane + TX, 1,2-dichloropropane + TX, 1,2-dichloropropane with 1,3- dichloropropene + TX, 1,3-dichloropropene + TX, 14-methyloctadec-1-ene + TX, 1-hydroxy-1H-pyridine-2- thione + TX, 2-(octylthio)ethanol + TX, 2-[5-(2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoro-prop-1-enyl)-1-methyl-imidazol-2-yl]-5- cyclopropyl-3-ethylsulfonyl-pyridine + TX, 2-chlorophenyl N-methylcarbamate (CPMC) + TX, 3-(4- chlorophenyl)-5-methylrhodanine + TX, 3,4-dichlorotetrahydrothiophene 1,1-dioxide + TX, 4-(quinoxalin-2- ylamino)benzenesulfonamide + TX, 4-methylnonan-5-ol with 4-methylnonan-5-one + TX, 5-methyl-6-thioxo- 1,3,5-thiadiazinan-3-ylacetic acid + TX, 6-isopentenylaminopurine + TX, 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate + TX, abamectin + TX, acequinocyl + TX, acetamiprid + TX, acetoprole + TX, acrinathrin + TX, acynonapyr + TX, Adoxophyes orana GV + TX, afidopyropen + TX, afoxolaner + TX, Agrobacterium radiobacter + TX, AKD-3088 + TX, alanycarb + TX, aldicarb + TX, aldoxycarb + TX, allethrin + TX, alpha-cypermethrin + TX, alphamethrin + TX, alpha-multistriatin + TX, Amblyseius spp. + TX, amidoflumet + TX, amino acids + TX, aminocarb + TX, Anagrapha falcifera NPV + TX, Anagrus atomus + TX, Aphelinus abdominalis + TX, Aphidius colemani + TX, Aphidoletes aphidimyza + TX, apholate + TX, Autographa californica NPV + TX, AZ 60541 + TX, azadirachtin + TX, azocyclotin + TX, Bacillus aizawai + TX, Bacillus chitinosporus AQ746 (NRRL Accession No B-21618) + TX, Bacillus firmus + TX, Bacillus kurstaki + TX, Bacillus mycoides AQ726 (NRRL Accession No. B-21664) + TX, Bacillus pumilus (NRRL Accession No B-30087) + TX, Bacillus pumilus AQ717 (NRRL Accession No. B- 21662) + TX, Bacillus sp. AQ175 (ATCC Accession No.55608) + TX, Bacillus sp. AQ177 (ATCC Accession No. 55609) + TX, Bacillus sp. AQ178 (ATCC Accession No. 53522) + TX, Bacillus sphaericus Neide + TX, Bacillus subtilis AQ153 (ATCC Accession No.55614) + TX, Bacillus subtilis AQ30002 (NRRL Accession No.B-50421) + TX, Bacillus subtilis AQ30004 (NRRL Accession No. B- 50455) + TX, Bacillus subtilis AQ713 (NRRLAccession No. B-21661) + TX, Bacillus subtilis AQ743 (NRRL Accession No. B-21665) + TX, Bacillus subtilis unspecified + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis AQ52 (NRRL Accession No. B-21619) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis BD#32 (NRRL Accession No B-21530) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. Aizawai + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. Israelensis + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. Japonensis + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. Kurstaki + TX, Bacillus thurin-giensis subsp. Tenebrionis + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subspec. kurstaki BMP 123 + TX, Beauveria bassiana + TX, Beauveria brongniartii + TX, benclothiaz + TX, benomyl + TX, bensultap + TX, bentioflumin (CAS Number: 2566451-67-8) + TX, benzoximate + TX, benzpyrimoxan + TX, betacyfluthrin + TX, beta-cypermethrin + TX, bethoxazin + TX, bifenazate + TX, bifenthrin + TX, binapacryl + TX, bioallethrin + TX, bioresmethrin + TX, bis(tributyltin) oxide + TX, bisazir + TX, bistrifluron + TX, bisulflufen + TX, brevicomin + TX, broflanilide + TX, brofluthrinate + TX, bromoacetamide + TX, bromophos-ethyl + TX, bronopol + TX, busulfan + TX, butocarboxim + TX, butopyronoxyl + TX, butoxy(polypropylene glycol) + TX, butylpyridaben + TX, cadusafos + TX, calcium109921 | 83176 FFarsenate + TX, carbaryl + TX, carbofuran + TX, carbon disulfide + TX, carbosulfan + TX, cartap + TX, CAS number: 1594624-87-9 + TX, CAS number: 1922957-47-8 + TX, CAS number: 1255091-74-7 + TX, CASnumber: 1365070-72-9 + TX, CAS Number: 158062-71-6 + TX, CAS number: 1594626-19-3 + TX, CASnumber: 1594637-65-6 + TX, CAS number: 1632218-00-8 + TX, CAS number: 1808115-49-2 + TX, CAS number: 1922957-46-7 + TX, CAS number: 1922957-48-9 + TX, CAS number: 1956329-03-5 + TX, CAS number: 1990457-52-7 + TX, CAS number: 1990457-55-0 + TX, CAS number: 1990457-57-2 + TX, CAS number: 1990457-66-3 + TX, CAS number: 1990457-77-6 + TX, CAS number: 1990457-85-6 + TX, CAS number: 2032403-97-5 + TX, CAS number: 2044701-44-0 + TX, CAS number: 2095470-94-1 + TX, CAS number: 2128706-05-6 + TX, CAS number: 2133042-31-4 + TX, CAS number: 2133042-44-9 + TX, CAS number: 2171099-09-3 + TX, CAS number: 2220132-55-6 + TX, CAS number: 2396747-83-2 + TX, CAS number: 2408220-91-5 + TX, CAS number: 2408220-94-8 + TX, CAS number: 2415706-16-8 + TX, CAS Number: 2583740-14-9 + TX, CAS Number: 2583751-98-6 + TX, CAS number: 2719848-60-7 + TX, CAS Number: 2898489-71-7 + TX, CAS Number: 2922115-20-4 + TX, CAS Number: 3060345-80-1 + TX, CAS Number: 3061364-30-2 + TX, CAS Number: 34763-86-5 + TX, CAS number: RNA (Leptinotarsa decemlineata- specific recombinant double-stranded interfering GS2) + TX, chlorantraniliprole + TX, chlordane + TX, chlorfenapyr + TX, chloropicrin + TX, chloroprallethrin + TX, chlorpyrifos + TX, chromafenozide + TX, Chrysoperla carnea + TX, clenpirin + TX, cloethocarb + TX, clothianidin + TX, codlelure + TX, codlemone + TX, copper acetoarsenite + TX, copper dioctanoate + TX, copper hydroxide + TX, copper sulfate + TX, cresol + TX, crufomate + TX, Cryptolaemus montrouzieri + TX, cuelure + TX, cyanofenphos + TX, cyantraniliprole + TX, cybenzoxasulfyl (CAS Number: 2128706-04-5) + TX, cybutryne + TX, cyclaniliprole + TX, cyclobutrifluram + TX, cycloprothrin + TX, cycloxaprid + TX, Cydia pomonella GV + TX, cyenopyrafen + TX, cyetpyrafen + TX, cyflumetofen + TX, cyfluthrin + TX, cyhalodiamide + TX, cylohalothrin + TX, cypermethrin + TX, cyphenothrin + TX, cyproflanilide + TX, cyromazine + TX, cytokinins + TX, Dacnusa sibirica + TX, dazomet + TX, DBCP + TX, DCIP + TX, deltamethrin + TX, diafenthiuron + TX, dialifos + TX, diamidafos + TX, dibrom + TX, dibutyl adipate + TX, dibutyl phthalate + TX, dibutyl succinate + TX, dichlofenthion + TX, dichlone + TX, dichlorophen + TX, dicliphos + TX, dicloromezotiaz + TX, diethyltoluamide + TX, diflubenzuron + TX, Diglyphus isaea + TX, dimatif + TX, dimethoate + TX, dimethyl carbate + TX, dimethyl phthalate + TX, dimpropyridaz + TX, dinactin + TX, dinocap + TX, dinotefuran + TX, dioxabenzofos + TX, dipyrithione + TX, disparlure + TX, D-limonene + TX, dodec-8-en-1-yl acetate + TX, dodec-9-en-1-yl acetate + TX, dodeca-8,10-dien-1-yl acetate + TX, dodicin + TX, dominicalure + TX, doramectin + TX, emamectin + TX, emamectin benzoate + TX, empenthrin + TX,Encarsia formosa + TX, endothal + TX, endrin + TX, eprinomectin + TX, epsilon - momfluorothrin + TX, epsilon-metofluthrin + TX, Eretmocerus eremicus + TX, esfenvalerate + TX, ethion + TX, ethiprole + TX, ethoprophos + TX, ethyl 4-methyloctanoate + TX, ethyl hexanediol + TX, ethylene dibromide + TX, etofenprox + TX, etoxazole + TX, etpyrafen + TX, eugenol + TX, Extract of seaweed and fermentation product derived from melasse + TX, Extract of seaweed and fermentation product derived from melasse comprising urea + TX, Extract of seaweed and fermented plant products + TX, Extract of seaweed and fermented plant products comprising phytohormones, vitamins, EDTA-chelated copper, zinc, and iron + TX, famphur + TX, fenaminosulf + TX, fenamiphos + TX, fenazaquin + TX, fenfluthrin + TX, fenitrothion + TX, fenmezoditiaz + TX, fenobucarb109921 | 83176 FF+ TX, fenothiocarb + TX, fenoxycarb + TX, fenpropathrin + TX, fenpyrad + TX, fenpyroximate + TX, fensulfothion + TX, fenthion + TX, fentin + TX, fentinacetate + TX, fenvalerate + TX, ferric phosphate + TX, fipronil + TX, flometoquin + TX, flonicamid + TX, fluacrypyrim + TX, fluazaindolizine + TX, fluazuron + TX, flubendiamide + TX, flubenzimine + TX, fluchlordiniliprole + TX, flucitrinate + TX, flucycloxuron + TX, flucythrinate + TX, fluensulfone [318290-98-1] + TX, fluensulfone + TX, flufenerim + TX, flufenprox + TX, flufiprole + TX, fluhexafon + TX, flumethrin + TX, fluopyram + TX, flupentiofenox + TX, flupyradifurone + TX, flupyrimin + TX, flupyroxystrobin + TX, fluralaner + TX, fluvalinate + TX, fluxametamide + TX, formaldehyde + TX, fosthiazate + TX, fosthietan + TX, frontalin + TX, furfural + TX, galquin (CAS Number: 2644770-30-7) + TX, gamma-cyhalothrin + TX, Gossyplure® (1:1 mixture of the (Z,E) and (Z,Z) isomers of hexadeca-7,11-dien- 1-yl-acetate) + TX, grandlure + TX, grandlure I + TX, grandlure II + TX, grandlure III + TX, grandlure IV + TX, Granulovirus + TX, guadipyr + TX, GY-81 + TX, halfenprox + TX, halofenozide + TX, Harpin + TX, Helicoverpa armigera Nucleopolyhedrovirus + TX, Helicoverpa zea NPV + TX, Helicoverpa zea Nucleopolyhedrovirus + TX, Heliothis punctigera Nucleopolyhedrovirus + TX, Heliothis virescens Nucleopolyhedrovirus + TX, hemel + TX, hempa + TX, heptafluthrin + TX, heterophos + TX, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and H. megidis + TX, hexalure + TX, hexamide + TX, hexythiazox + TX, Hippodamia convergens + TX, hydramethylnon + TX, hydrargaphen + TX, hydrated lime + TX, imicyafos + TX, imidacloprid + TX, imiprothrin + TX, Indazapyroxamet + TX, indoxacarb + TX, iodomethane + TX, iprodione + TX, ipsdienol + TX, ipsenol + TX, isamidofos + TX, isazofos + TX, isocycloseram + TX, Isoflualanam (CAS number: 2892524-05-7) + TX, isothioate + TX, ivermectin + TX, japonilure + TX, kappa-bifenthrin + TX, kappa-tefluthrin + TX, kasugamycin + TX, kasugamycin hydrochloride hydrate + TX, kinetin + TX, lambda-cyhalothrin + TX, ledprona + TX, lepimectin + TX, Leptomastix dactylopii + TX, lineatin + TX, litlure + TX, looplure + TX, lotilaner + TX, lufenuron + TX, Macrolophus caliginosus + TX, Mamestra brassicae NPV + TX, mecarphon + TX, medlure + TX, megatomoic acid + TX, metaflumizone + TX,metaldehyde + TX, metam + TX, metam-potassium + TX, metam-sodium + TX, Metaphycus helvolus + TX,Metarhizium anisopliae var. acridum + TX, Metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae + TX, Metarhizium spp. + TX, metepa + TX, methiocarb + TX, methiotepa + TX, methomyl + TX, methoquin-butyl + TX, methoxyfenozide + TX, methyl apholate + TX, methyl bromide + TX, methyl eugenol + TX, methyl isothiocyanate + TX, methylneodecanamide + TX, metofluthrin + TX, metolcarb + TX, mexacarbate + TX, milbemectin + TX, milbemycin oxime + TX, momfluorothrin + TX, morzid + TX, moxidectin + TX, muscalure + TX, Muscodor albus 620 (NRRL Accession No. 30547) + TX, Muscodor roseus A3-5 (NRRL Accession No. 30548) + TX, Myrothecium verrucaria composition + TX, nabam + TX, NC-184 + TX, Neem tree based products + TX, Neodiprion sertifer NPV and N. lecontei NPV + TX, nickel bis(dimethyldithiocarbamate) + TX, niclosamide + TX, niclosamide-olamine + TX, nicofluprole + TX, nitenpyram + TX, nithiazine + TX, nitrapyrin + TX, octadeca- 2,13-dien-1-yl acetate + TX, octadeca-3,13-dien-1-yl acetate + TX, octhilinone + TX, omethoate + TX, orfralure + TX, Orius spp. + TX, oryctalure + TX, ostramone + TX, oxamate + TX, oxamyl + TX, oxazosulfyl + TX, oxolinic acid + TX, oxytetracycline + TX, Paecilomyces fumosoroseus + TX, Paecilomyces lilacinus + TX, parathion- ethyl + TX, Pasteuria nishizawae + TX, Pasteuria penetrans + TX, Pasteuria ramosa + TX, Pasteuria thornei + TX, Pasteuria usgae + TX, P-cymene + TX, penfluron + TX, pentachlorophenol + TX, permethrin + TX, phenothrin + TX, phorate + TX, phosphamidon + TX, phosphocarb + TX, Phytoseiulus persimilis + TX, picaridin109921 | 83176 FF+ TX, pioxaniliprole + TX, piperazine + TX, piperflanilide (CAS number: 2615135-05-0) + TX, piperonylbutoxide + TX, pirimicarb + TX, pirimiphos-ethyl + TX, pirimiphos-methyl + TX, Plutella xylostella Granulosis virus + TX, Plutella xylostella Nucleopolyhedrovirus + TX, Polyhedrosis virus + TX, potassium and molybdenum and EDTA-chelated manganese + TX, potassium ethylxanthate + TX, potassium hydroxyquinoline sulfate + TX, prallethrin + TX, probenazole + TX, profenofos + TX, profluthrin + TX, propargite + TX, propetamphos + TX, propoxur + TX, prothiophos + TX, protrifenbute + TX, pyflubumide + TX, pymetrozine + TX, pyraclofos + TX, pyrafluprole + TX, pyrethrum + TX, pyridaben + TX, pyridalyl + TX, pyridin-4-amine + TX, pyrifluquinazon + TX,pyrimidifen + TX, pyriminostrobin + TX, pyriprole [394730-71-3] + TX, pyriprole + TX, pyriproxyfen + TX, QRD420 (a terpenoid blend) + TX, QRD 452 (a terpenoid blend) + TX, QRD 460 (a terpenoid blend) + TX, Quillaja saponaria + TX, quinoclamine + TX, quinonamid + TX, resmethrin + TX, Rhodococcus globerulus AQ719 (NRRL Accession No B-21663) + TX, sarolaner + TX, S-bioallethrin + TX, sebufos + TX, selamectin + TX, siglure + TX, silafluofen + TX, simazine + TX, sodium pentachlorophenoxide + TX, sordidin + TX, spidoxamat + TX, spinetoram + TX, spinosad + TX, spirobudifen + TX, spirodiclofen + TX, spiromesifen + TX, spiropidion + TX, spirotetramat + TX, Spodoptera exigua multicapsid nuclear polyhedrosis virus + TX, Spodoptera frugiperda Nucleopolyhedrovirus + TX, Steinernema bibionis + TX, Steinernema carpocapsae + TX, Steinernema feltiae + TX, Steinernema glaseri + TX, Steinernema riobrave + TX, Steinernema riobravis + TX, Steinernema scapterisci + TX, Steinernema spp. + TX, Streptomyces galbus (NRRL Accession No.30232) + TX, Streptomyces sp. (NRRL Accession No. B-30145) + TX, streptomycin + TX, streptomycin sesquisulfate + TX, strychnine + TX, sulcatol + TX, sulfiflumin + TX, sulfoxaflor + TX, tazimcarb + TX, tebufenozide + TX, tebufenpyrad + TX, tebupirimiphos + TX, tecloftalam + TX, tefluthrin + TX, temephos + TX, tepa + TX, terbam + TX, terbufos + TX, terpenoid blend + TX, tetrachlorantraniliprole + TX, tetrachlorothiophene + TX, tetradec- 11-en-1-yl acetate + TX, tetradiphon + TX, tetramethrin + TX, tetramethylfluthrin + TX, tetranactin + TX, tetraniliprole + TX, theta-cypermethrin + TX, thiacloprid + TX, thiafenox + TX, thiamethoxam + TX, thiocyclam + TX, thiodicarb + TX, thiofanox + TX, thiohempa + TX, thiomersal + TX, thiometon + TX, thionazin + TX, thiophanate + TX, thiosultap + TX, thiotepa + TX, tiapyrachlor (CAS Number: 1255091-74-7) + TX, tigolaner + TX, tiorantraniliprole + TX, tioxazafen + TX, tolfenpyrad + TX, toxaphene + TX, tralomethrin + TX, transfluthrin + TX, tretamine + TX, triazamate + TX, triazophos + TX, triazuron + TX, tributyltin oxide + TX, trichlorfon + TX, trichloronate + TX, trichlorphon + TX, Trichogramma spp. + TX, trifenmorph + TX, trifluenfuronate + TX, triflumezopyrim + TX, trimedlure + TX, trimedlure A + TX, trimedlure B1 + TX, trimedlure B2 + TX, trimedlure C + TX, trimethacarb + TX, triphenyltin acetate + TX, triphenyltin hydroxide + TX, trunc-call + TX, tyclopyrazoflor + TX, Typhlodromus occidentalis + TX, uredepa + TX, Verticillium lecanii + TX, Verticillium spp. + TX, xylenols + TX, YI-5302 + TX, zeatin + TX, zeta-Cypermethrin + TX; N-[(1R)-1-benzyl-3-chloro-1-methyl-but-3-enyl]-8-fluoro-quinoline-3-carboxamide + TX, N-[(1S)-1- benzyl-3-chloro-1-methyl-but-3-enyl]-8-fluoro-quinoline-3-carboxamide + TX, N-ethyl-N’-[5-methoxy-2-methyl- 4-[(2-trifuoromethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]phenyl]-N-methyl-formamidine (these compounds may be prepared from the methods described in WO2019 / 110427) + TX, (3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)-[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4- oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methanone (these compounds may be prepared from the methods described in WO 2017 / 220485) + TX, (4-phenoxyphenyl)methyl 2-amino-6-methyl-pyridine-3-carboxylate (this compound may109921 | 83176 FFbe prepared from the methods described in WO 2014 / 006945) + TX, (5-methyl-2-pyridyl)-[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)- 1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methanone + TX, (7E,9Z)-dodeca-7,9-dien-1-yl acetate + TX, (9Z,11E)-tetradeca- 9,11-dien-1-yl acetate + TX, (9Z,12E)-tetradeca-9,12-dien-1-yl acetate + TX, (E)-6-methylhept-2-en-4-ol + TX, (E)-dec-5-en-1-yl acetate with (E)-dec-5-en-1-ol + TX, (E)-tridec-4-en-1-yl acetate + TX, (E,Z)-tetradeca-4,10- dien-1-yl acetate, + TX, (R)-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-N-[1,1,3-trimethylindan-4-yl]pyrazole-4-carboxamide + TX, (Z)-dodec-7-en-1-yl acetate + TX, (Z)-hexadec-11-en-1-yl acetate + TX, (Z)-hexadec-11-enal + TX, (Z)- hexadec-13-en-11-yn-1-yl acetate + TX, (Z)-icos-13-en-10-one + TX, (Z)-tetradec-7-en-1-al + TX, (Z)-tetradec- 9-en-1-ol + TX, (Z)-tetradec-9-en-1-yl acetate + TX, (Z,2E)-5-[1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)pyrazol-3-yl]oxy-2- methoxyimino-N,3-dimethyl-pent-3-enamide (this compound may be prepared from the methods described in WO 2018 / 153707) + TX, (Z,2E)-5-[1-(4-chlorophenyl)pyrazol-3-yl]oxy-2-methoxyimino-N,3-dimethyl-pent-3- enamide + TX, , [2-[3-[2-[1-[2-[3,5-bis(difluoromethyl)pyrazol-1-yl]acetyl]-4-piperidyl]thiazol-4-yl]-4,5- dihydroisoxazol-5-yl]-3-chloro-phenyl] methanesulfonate + TX, 1-(4,5-dimethylbenzimidazol-1-yl)-4,4,5- trifluoro-3,3-dimethyl-isoquinoline + TX, 1-(4,5-dimethylbenzimidazol-1-yl)-4,4-difluoro-3,3-dimethyl- isoquinoline + TX, 1-(6,7-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-4,4,5-trifluoro-3,3-dimethyl-isoquinoline + TX, 1-(6,7-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-4,4,6-trifluoro-3,3-dimethyl-isoquinoline + TX, 1-(6-chloro-7-methyl-pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-4,4-difluoro-3,3-dimethyl-isoquinoline (these compounds may be prepared from the methods described in WO2017 / 025510) + TX, 1,1-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-2-ethoxyethanol + TX, 1,1-dichloro-2,2- bis(4-ethylphenyl)ethane + TX, 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane + TX, 1,2-dichloropropane with 1,3- dichloropropene + TX, 1,3-dichloropropene + TX, 1,3-dimethoxy-1-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3- yl]phenyl]methyl]urea + TX, 1-[2-[[1-(4-chlorophenyl)pyrazol-3-yl]oxymethyl]-3-methyl-phenyl]-4-methyl- tetrazol-5-one + TX, 10-dien-1-yl acetate + TX, 14-methyloctadec-1-ene + TX, 1-bromo-2-chloroethane + TX, 1-dichloro-1-nitroethane + TX, 1-hydroxy-1H-pyridine-2-thione + TX, 1-methoxy-3-methyl-1-[[4-[5- (trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]urea + TX, 1-methyl-4-[3-methyl-2-[[2-methyl-4-(3,4,5-trimethylpyrazol-1-yl)phenoxy]methyl]phenyl]tetrazol-5-one + TX, 2- (difluoromethyl) - N- ((3R) - 1, 1, 3-trimethylindan- 4- yl) pyridine- 3- carboxamide + TX, 2- (difluoromethyl) - N- ((3R) - 1, 1, 3- trimethylindan- 4-yl) pyridine- 3- carboxamide + TX, 2-(1,3-dithiolan-2-yl)phenyl dimethylcarbamate + TX, 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl piperonylate + TX, 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl thiocyanate + TX, 2-(4,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan- 2-yl)phenyl methylcarbamate + TX, 2-(4-chloro-3,5-xylyloxy)ethanol + TX, 2-(difluoromethyl)-N-(3-ethyl-1,1- dimethyl-indan-4-yl)pyridine-3-carboxamide + TX, 2-(difluoromethyl)-N-[(3R)-3-ethyl-1,1-dimethyl-indan-4- yl]pyridine-3-carboxamide + TX, 2-(difluoromethyl)-N-[(3S)-3-ethyl-1,1-dimethyl-indan-4-yl]pyridine-3- carboxamide (this compound may be prepared from the methods described in WO 2014 / 095675) + TX, 2- (difluoromethyl)-N-[3-ethyl-1,1-dimethyl-indan-4-yl]pyridine-3-carboxamide + TX, 2-(octylthio)ethanol + TX,2,2,2-trichloro-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl acetate + TX, 2,2-dichlorovinyl 2-ethylsulfinylethyl methyl phosphate+ TX, 2,2-difluoro-N-methyl-2-[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]acetamide + TX, 2,4- dichlorophenyl benzenesulfonate + TX, 2,6-Dimethyl-1H,5H-[1,4]dithiino[2,3-c:5,6-c']dipyrrole-1,3,5,7(2H,6H)- tetrone (this compound may be prepared from the methods described in WO 2011 / 138281) + TX, 2-[2-fluoro- 6-[(8-fluoro-2-methyl-3-quinolyl)oxy]phenyl]propan-2-ol + TX, 2-[6-(4-bromophenoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)-3- pyridyl]-1-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propan-2-ol (this compound may be prepared from the methods described in WO109921 | 83176 FF2017 / 029179) + TX, 2-[6-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pyridyl]-1-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propan-2-ol (this compound may be prepared from the methods described in WO 2017 / 029179) + TX, 2-chlorovinyl diethyl phosphate + TX, 2-fluoro-N-methyl-N-1-naphthylacetamide + TX, 2-imidazolidone + TX, 2-isovalerylindan-1,3- dione + TX, 2-methyl(prop-2-ynyl)aminophenyl methylcarbamate + TX, 2-oxo-N-propyl-2-[4-[5- (trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]acetamide (this compound may be prepared from the methods described in WO 2018 / 065414) + TX, 2-thiocyanatoethyl laurate + TX, 3-(4,4-difluoro-3,3-dimethyl-1- isoquinolyl)-7,8-dihydro-6H-cyclopenta[e]benzimidazole (these compounds may be prepared from the methods described in WO2016 / 156085) + TX, 3-(4,4-difluoro-3,4-dihydro-3,3-dimethylisoquinolin-1-yl)quinolone + TX, 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-methylrhodanine + TX, 3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-N-[1,1,3-trimethylindan-4-yl]pyrazole- 4-carboxamide + TX, 3,4-dichlorotetrahydrothiophene 1,1-dioxide + TX, 3-[2-(1-chlorocyclopropyl)-3-(2- fluorophenyl)-2-hydroxy-propyl]imidazole-4-carbonitrile (this compound may be prepared from the methods described in WO 2016 / 156290) + TX, 3-[2-(1-chlorocyclopropyl)-3-(3-chloro-2-fluoro-phenyl)-2-hydroxy- propyl]imidazole-4-carbonitrile (this compound may be prepared from the methods described in WO 2016 / 156290) + TX, 3-bromo-1-chloroprop-1-ene + TX, 3-chloro-6-methyl-5-phenyl-4-(2,4,6- trifluorophenyl)pyridazine + TX, 3-difluoromethyl-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid (3',4',5'-trifluoro- biphenyl-2-yl)-amide + TX, 3-ethyl-1-methoxy-1-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]urea+ TX, 3-methyl-1-phenylpyrazol-5-yl dimethylcarbamate + TX, 4- (2- bromo- 4- fluorophenyl) - N- (2- chloro- 6-fluorophenyl) - 1, 3- dimethyl- 1H- pyrazol- 5- amine + TX, 4-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-6-methyl-5-phenyl-pyridazine-3-carbonitrile + TX, 4-(2-bromo-4-fluoro-phenyl)-N-(2-chloro-6-fluoro-phenyl)-2,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-amine + TX, 4-(quinoxalin-2-ylamino)benzenesulfonamide + TX, 4,4-difluoro-1-(5-fluoro-4-methyl-benzimidazol-1-yl)- 3,3-dimethyl-isoquinoline + TX, 4,4-difluoro-3,3-dimethyl-1-(6-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)isoquinoline + TX, 4,4-difluoro-3,3-dimethyl-1-(7-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)isoquinoline + TX, 4,4-dimethyl-2-[[4-[5- (trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]isoxazolidin-3-one + TX, 4-[[6-[2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,1- difluoro-2-hydroxy-3-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propyl]-3-pyridyl]oxy] benzonitrile + TX, 4-[[6-[2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)- 1,1-difluoro-2-hydroxy-3-(5-sulfanyl-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propyl]-3-pyridyl]oxy] benzonitrile + TX, 4-[[6-[2-(2,4- difluorophenyl)-1,1-difluoro-2-hydroxy-3-(5-thioxo-4H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propyl]-3-pyridyl]oxy] benzonitrile + TX, 4-chloro-2-(2-chloro-2-methyl-propyl)-5-[(6-iodo-3-pyridyl)methoxy]pyridazin-3-one + TX, 4-chlorophenyl phenyl sulfone + TX, 4-methyl(prop-2-ynyl)amino-3,5-xylyl methylcarbamate + TX, 4-methylnonan-5-ol with 4- methylnonan-5-one + TX, 5-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-3-hexylcyclohex-2-enone + TX, 5,5-dimethyl-2-[[4-[5- (trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]isoxazolidin-3-one + TX, 5,5-dimethyl-3-oxocyclohex-1- enyl dimethylcarbamate + TX, 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol zinc salt (2:1) + TX, 5-methyl-6-thioxo-1,3,5- thiadiazinan-3-ylacetic acid + TX, 6-chloro-3-(3-cyclopropyl-2-fluoro-phenoxy)-N-[2-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-2,2- difluoro-ethyl]-5-methyl-pyridazine-4-carboxamide (may be prepared from the methods described in WO 2020 / 109391) + TX, 6-chloro-3-(3-cyclopropyl-2-fluoro-phenoxy)-N-[2-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-2,2-difluoro-ethyl]- 5-methyl-pyridazine-4-carboxamide (may be prepared from the methods described in WO 2020 / 109391) + TX, 6-chloro-4,4-difluoro-3,3-dimethyl-1-(4-methylbenzimidazol-1-yl)isoquinoline + TX, 6-chloro-N-[2-(2-chloro-4- methyl-phenyl)-2,2-difluoro-ethyl]-3-(3-cyclopropyl-2-fluoro-phenoxy)-5-methyl-pyridazine-4-carboxamide(may be prepared from the methods described in WO 2020 / 109391) + TX, 6-ethyl-5,7-dioxo-109921 | 83176 FFpyrrolo[4,5][1,4]dithiino[1,2-c]isothiazole-3-carbonitrile + TX, 6-isopentenylaminopurine + TX, 8-fluoro-N-[(1R)- 1-[(3-fluorophenyl)methyl]-1,3-dimethyl-butyl]quinoline-3-carboxamide + TX, 8-fluoro-N-[(1S)-1-[(3- fluorophenyl)methyl]-1,3-dimethyl-butyl]quinoline-3-carboxamide + TX, 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate + TX, acethion + TX, acetoprole + TX, acibenzolar + TX, acibenzolar-S-methyl + TX, acrylonitrile + TX, Adoxophyes orana GV + TX, Agrobacterium radiobacter + TX, aldoxycarb + TX, aldrin + TX, allosamidin + TX, allyxycarb + TX, alpha-chlorohydrin + TX, alpha-ecdysone + TX, alpha-multistriatin + TX, aluminium phosphide + TX, Amblyseius spp. + TX, amectotractin + TX, ametoctradin + TX, amidithion + TX, amidothioate + TX, aminocarb + TX, aminopyrifen + TX, amisulbrom + TX, amiton + TX, amiton hydrogen oxalate + TX, amitraz + TX, anabasine + TX, Anagrapha falcifera NPV + TX, Anagrus atomus + TX, ancymidol + TX, anilazine + TX, anisiflupurin + TX, anthraquinone + TX, antu + TX, Aphelinus abdominalis + TX, Aphidius colemani + TX, Aphidoletes aphidimyza + TX, apholate + TX, aramite + TX, arsenous oxide + TX, athidathion + TX, Autographa californica NPV + TX, azaconazole + TX, azamethiphos + TX, azobenzene + TX, azothoate + TX, azoxystrobin + TX, Bacillus sphaericus Neide + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis delta endotoxins + TX, barium carbonate + TX, barium hexafluorosilicate + TX, barium polysulfide + TX, barthrin + TX, Bayer 22 / 190 + TX, Bayer 22408 + TX, Beauveria brongniartii + TX, benalaxyl + TX, benclothiaz + TX, benomyl + TX, benoxafos + TX, benthiavalicarb + TX, benzothiostrobin + TX, benzovindiflupyr + TX, benzyl benzoate + TX, beta-cyfluthrin + TX, beta- cypermethrin + TX, bethoxazin + TX, bioethanomethrin + TX, biopermethrin + TX, bis(2-chloroethyl) ether + TX, bis(tributyltin) oxide + TX, bisazir + TX, bisthiosemi + TX, bitertanol + TX, bixafen + TX, blasticidin-S + TX, borax + TX, bordeaux mixture + TX, boscalid + TX, brevicomin + TX, brodifacoum + TX, brofenvalerate + TX, bromadiolone + TX, bromethalin + TX, bromfenvinfos + TX, bromoacetamide + TX, bromocyclen + TX, bromo- DDT + TX, bromophos + TX, bromopropylate + TX, bromuconazole + TX, bronopol + TX, bufencarb + TX, bupirimate + TX, buprofezin + TX, busulfan + TX, but-3-ynyl N-[6-[[(Z)-[(1-methyltetrazol-5-yl)-phenyl- methylene]amino]oxymethyl]-2-pyridyl]carbamate + TX, butacarb + TX, butathiofos + TX, butocarboxim + TX, butonate + TX, butopyronoxyl + TX, butoxy(polypropylene glycol) + TX, butoxycarboxim + TX, butylpyridaben + TX, calcium arsenate + TX, calcium cyanide + TX, calcium polysulfide + TX, camphechlor + TX, captafol + TX, captan + TX, carbanolate + TX, carbendazim + TX, carbon disulfide + TX, carbon tetrachloride + TX, carbophenothion + TX, carboxin + TX, cartap hydrochloride + TX, CAS Number: 2049581-78-2 + TX, CAS Number: 2454319-63-0 + TX, CAS Number: 3052252-62-4 + TX, CAS Number: 3052252-63-5 + TX, CAS Number: 83-46-5 + TX, cevadine + TX, chinomethionat + TX, chloralose + TX, chlorbenside + TX, chlorbicyclen + TX, chlordane + TX, chlordecone + TX, chlordimeform + TX, chlordimeform hydrochloride + TX, chlorfenethol + TX, chlorfenson + TX, chlorfensulfide + TX, chlorobenzilate + TX, chloroform + TX, chloroinconazide + TX, chloromebuform + TX, chloromethiuron + TX, chloroneb + TX, chlorophacinone + TX, chloropicrin + TX, chloropropylate + TX, chlorothalonil + TX, chlorphoxim + TX, chlorprazophos + TX, chlorthiophos + TX, chlozolinate + TX, cholecalciferol + TX, Chrysoperla carnea + TX, cinerin I + TX, cinerin II + TX, cinerins + TX, cismethrin + TX, cis-resmethrin + TX, clocythrin + TX, closantel + TX, codlelure + TX, codlemone + TX, copper acetoarsenite + TX, copper arsenate + TX, copper dioctanoate + TX, copper hydroxide + TX, copper naphthenate + TX, copper oleate + TX, copper oxide + TX, copper oxychloride + TX, copper sulfate + TX, coumachlor + TX, coumafuryl + TX, coumaphos + TX, coumatetralyl + TX, coumethoxystrobin (jiaxiangjunzhi)109921 | 83176 FF+ TX, coumithoate + TX, coumoxystrobin + TX, cresol + TX, crimidine + TX, crotamiton + TX, crotoxyphos + TX, crufomate + TX, cryolite + TX, Cryptolaemus montrouzieri + TX, CS 708 + TX, cuelure + TX, cufraneb + TX, cyanofenphos + TX, cyanophos + TX, cyanthoate + TX, cyazofamid + TX, cybutryne + TX, cyclethrin + TX, cyclobutrifluram + TX, Cydia pomonella GV + TX, cyflufenamid + TX, cymiazole + TX, cymoxanil + TX,cyproconazole + TX, cyprodinil + TX, cythioate + TX, cytokinins + TX, Dacnusa sibirica + TX, DAEP + TX,dazomet + TX, DCIP + TX, DCPM + TX, DDT + TX, debacarb + TX, decarbofuran + TX, demephion + TX, demephion-O + TX, demephion-S + TX, demeton-methyl + TX, demeton-O + TX, demeton-O-methyl + TX, demeton-S + TX, demeton-S-methyl + TX, demeton-S-methylsulfon + TX, diamidafos + TX, dibutyl adipate + TX, dibutyl phthalate + TX, dibutyl succinate + TX, dicapthon + TX, dichlobentiazox + TX, dichlofenthion + TX, dichlofluanid + TX, dichlone + TX, dichlorophen + TX, dichlorvos + TX, dichlozoline + TX, dicliphos + TX, diclocymet + TX, diclomezine + TX, dicloran + TX, dicresyl + TX, dicyclanil + TX, dicyclopentadiene + TX, dieldrin + TX, dienochlor + TX, diethofencarb + TX, diethyl 5-methylpyrazol-3-yl phosphate + TX, diethyltoluamide + TX, difenacoum + TX, difenoconazole + TX, difethialone + TX, diflovidazin + TX, Diglyphus isaea + TX, dilor + TX, dimatif + TX, dimefluthrin + TX, dimefox + TX, dimetan + TX, dimethirimol + TX, dimethomorph + TX, dimethrin + TX, dimethyl carbate + TX, dimethyl phthalate + TX, dimethylvinphos + TX, dimetilan + TX, dimoxystrobin + TX, dinex + TX, dinex-diclexine + TX, diniconazole + TX, dinocap-4 + TX, dinocap-6 + TX, dinocton + TX, dinopenton + TX, dinoprop + TX, dinosam + TX, dinoseb + TX, dinosulfon + TX, dinoterbon + TX, diofenolan + TX, dioxabenzofos + TX, dioxathion + TX, diphacinone + TX, diphenyl sulfone + TX, dipymetitrone + TX, dipyrithione + TX, disparlure + TX, disulfiram + TX, dithianon + TX, dithicrofos + TX, DNOC + TX, dodec-8-en-1-yl acetate + TX, dodec-9-en-1-yl acetate + TX, dodeca-8 + TX, dodemorph + TX, dodicin + TX, dodine + TX, dofenapyn + TX, dominicalure + TX, doramectin + TX, DSP + TX, d- tetramethrin + TX, ecdysterone + TX, edifenphos + TX, EI 1642 + TX, EMPC + TX, Encarsia formosa + TX, endothal + TX, endothion + TX, enestroburin + TX, enoxastrobin + TX, EPBP + TX, epoxiconazole + TX, eprinomectin + TX, Eretmocerus eremicus + TX, ergocalciferol + TX, etaphos + TX, ethaboxam + TX, ethiofencarb + TX, ethirimol + TX, ethoate-methyl + TX, ethyl 1-[[4-[(Z)-2-ethoxy-3,3,3-trifluoro-prop-1- enoxy]phenyl]methyl]pyrazole-3-carboxylate (may be prepared from the methods described in WO 2020 / 056090) + TX, ethyl 1-[[4-[[2-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl]methoxy]phenyl]methyl]pyrazole-3- carboxylate (may be prepared from the methods described in WO 2020 / 056090) + TX, ethyl 1-[[4-[5- (trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]pyrazole-4-carboxylate + TX, ethyl 1-[[5-[5- (trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]-2-thienyl]methyl]pyrazole-4-carboxylate (this compound may be prepared from the methods described in WO 2018 / 158365) + TX, ethyl 4-methyloctanoate + TX, ethyl formate + TX, ethyl hexanediol + TX, ethylene dibromide + TX, ethylene dichloride + TX, ethylene oxide + TX, etridiazole+ TX, etrimfos + TX, eugenol + TX, EXD + TX, famoxadone + TX, farnesol + TX, farnesol with nerolidol + TX,fenamidone + TX, fenaminosulf + TX, fenaminstrobin + TX, fenarimol + TX, fenazaflor + TX, fenbuconazole + TX, fenbutatin oxide + TX, fenchlorphos + TX, feneptamidoquin (CAS Number: 2132414-04-9) + TX, fenethacarb + TX, fenfuram + TX, fenhexamid + TX, fenitrothion + TX, fenopyramid (CAS Number: 2344721- 61-3) + TX, fenothiocarb + TX, fenoxacrim + TX, fenoxanil + TX, fenpiclonil + TX, fenpicoxamid + TX, fenpirithrin + TX, fenpropidin + TX, fenpropimorph + TX, fenpyrad + TX, fenpyrazamine + TX, fenpyroximate + TX, fenson109921 | 83176 FF+ TX, fensulfothion + TX, fenthion + TX, fenthion-ethyl + TX, fentin + TX, fentrifanil + TX, ferbam + TX, ferimzone + TX, ferric phosphate + TX, flocoumafen + TX, florylpicoxamid + TX, fluazinam + TX, flubeneteram + TX, flubenzimine + TX, flucofuron + TX, flucycloxuron + TX, fludioxonil + TX, fluenetil + TX, flufenoxadiazam + TX, flufenoxystrobin + TX, fluindapyr + TX, flumetylsulforim + TX, flumorph + TX, fluopicolide + TX, fluopimomide + TX, fluopyram + TX, fluorbenside + TX, fluoroacetamide + TX, fluoroimide + TX, fluoxapiprolin + TX, fluoxastrobin + TX, fluoxytioconazole + TX, flupropadine + TX, flupropadine hydrochloride + TX, fluquinconazole + TX, flusilazole + TX, flusulfamide + TX, flutianil + TX, flutolanil + TX, flutriafol + TX, fluxapyroxad + TX, FMC 1137 + TX, folpet + TX, formaldehyde + TX, formetanate + TX, formetanate hydrochloride + TX, formparanate + TX, fosetyl-aluminium + TX, fosmethilan + TX, fospirate + TX, fosthietan + TX, frontalin + TX, fuberidazole + TX, furalaxyl + TX, furametpyr + TX, furathiocarb + TX, furethrin + TX, furfural + TX, gamma-HCH + TX, glyodin + TX, grandlure + TX, grandlure I + TX, grandlure II + TX, grandlure III + TX, grandlure IV + TX, guazatine + TX, guazatine acetates + TX, halfenprox + TX, HCH + TX, hemel +TX, hempa + TX, HEOD + TX, heptachlor + TX, heterophos + TX, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and H. megidis+ TX, hexaconazole + TX, hexadecyl cyclopropanecarboxylate + TX, hexalure + TX, hexamide + TX, HHDN + TX, Hippodamia convergens + TX, hydrargaphen + TX, hydrated lime + TX, hydrogen cyanide + TX, hymexazol + TX, hyquincarb + TX, imanin + TX, imazalil + TX, imibenconazole + TX, iminoctadine + TX, inpyrfluxam + TX, ipconazole + TX, ipfentrifluconazole + TX, ipflufenoquin + TX, iprobenphos + TX, iprodione + TX, iprovalicarb + TX, ipsdienol + TX, ipsenol + TX, IPSP + TX, isamidofos + TX, isazofos + TX, isobenzan + TX, isocarbophos + TX, isodrin + TX, isofenphos + TX, isofetamid + TX, isoflucypram + TX, isolane + TX,isoprothiolane + TX, isopyrazam + TX, isotianil + TX, isoxathion + TX, japonilure + TX, jasmolin I + TX, jasmolinII + TX, jodfenphos + TX, juvenile hormone I + TX, juvenile hormone II + TX, juvenile hormone III + TX, kadethrin + TX, kasugamycin + TX, kasugamycin hydrochloride hydrate + TX, kelevan + TX, kinetin + TX, kinoprene + TX, kresoxim-methyl + TX, lead arsenate + TX, Leptomastix dactylopii + TX, leptophos + TX, lindane + TX, lineatin + TX, lirimfos + TX, litlure + TX, looplure + TX, lvbenmixianan + TX, lythidathion + TX, Macrolophus caliginosus + TX, magnesium phosphide + TX, malonoben + TX, Mamestra brassicae NPV + TX, mancopper + TX, mancozeb + TX, mandestrobin + TX, mandipropamid + TX, maneb + TX, mazidox + TX, m-cumenyl methylcarbamate + TX, mecarbam + TX, mecarphon + TX, medlure + TX, mefentrifluconazole + TX,megatomoic acid + TX, menazon + TX, mepanipyrim + TX, meperfluthrin + TX, mephosfolan + TX, mepronil +TX, mercuric oxide + TX, mercurous chloride + TX, mesulfen + TX, mesulfenfos + TX, metalaxyl + TX, metam + TX, metam-potassium + TX, metam-sodium + TX, Metaphycus helvolus + TX, Metarhizium anisopliae var. acridum + TX, Metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae + TX, metarylpicoxamid + TX, metconazole + TX, metepa + TX, methacrifos + TX, methanesulfonyl fluoride + TX, methasulfocarb + TX, methiotepa + TX, methocrotophos + TX, methoprene + TX, methoquin-butyl + TX, methothrin + TX, methoxychlor + TX, methyl (Z)-2-(5-cyclohexyl-2-methyl-phenoxy)-3-methoxy-prop-2-enoate + TX, methyl (Z)-2-(5-cyclopentyl-2-methyl- phenoxy)-3-methoxy-prop-2-enoate (these compounds may be prepared from the methods described in WO2020 / 193387) + TX, methyl (Z)-2-[5-(3-isopropylpyrazol-1-yl)-2-methyl-phenoxy]-3-methoxy-prop-2-enoate + TX, methyl (Z)-3-methoxy-2-[2-methyl-5-(3-propylpyrazol-1-yl)phenoxy]prop-2-enoate + TX, methyl (Z)-3- methoxy-2-[2-methyl-5-(4-propyltriazol-2-yl)phenoxy]prop-2-enoate + TX, methyl (Z)-3-methoxy-2-[2-methyl-5-109921 | 83176 FF[3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-1-yl]phenoxy]prop-2-enoate (these compounds may be prepared from the methods described in WO2020 / 079111) + TX, methyl (Z)-3-methoxy-2-[2-methyl-5-[4-(trifluoromethyl)triazol-2-yl]phenoxy]prop-2-enoate + TX, methyl apholate + TX, methyl bromide + TX, methyl eugenol + TX, methylisothiocyanate + TX, methyl N-[[4-[1-(2,6-difluoro-4-isopropyl-phenyl)pyrazol-4-yl]-2-methyl- phenyl]methyl]carbamate (may be prepared from the methods described in WO 2020 / 097012) + TX, methyl N- [[4-[1-(4-cyclopropyl-2,6-difluoro-phenyl)pyrazol-4-yl]-2-methyl-phenyl]methyl]carbamate (may be prepared from the methods described in WO 2020 / 097012) + TX, methyl N-[[5-[4-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)triazol-2-yl]-2- methyl-phenyl]methyl]carbamate + TX, methylchloroform + TX, methylene chloride + TX, methylneodecanamide + TX, metiram + TX, metolcarb + TX, metomi-nostrobin + TX, metoxadiazone + TX, metrafenone + TX, metyltetraprole + TX, MGK 264 + TX, milbemycin oxime + TX, mipafox + TX, mirex + TX, monocrotophos + TX, morphothion + TX, morzid + TX, moxidectin + TX, muscalure + TX, myclobutanil + TX, myclozoline + TX, Myrothecium verrucaria composition + TX, N-((1R)-1-benzyl-3-chloro-1-methyl-but-3-enyl)- 8-fluoro-quinoline-3-carboxamide (these compounds may be prepared from the methods described in WO2017 / 153380) + TX, N-((1S)-1-benzyl-3-chloro-1-methyl-but-3-enyl)-8-fluoro-quinoline-3-carboxamide (these compounds may be prepared from the methods described in WO2017 / 153380) + TX, N'-(2,5-dimethyl- 4-phenoxy-phenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methyl-formamidine + TX, N'-(2-chloro-5-methyl-4-phenoxy-phenyl)-N-ethyl-N- methyl-formamidine + TX, N,2-dimethoxy-N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3- yl]phenyl]methyl]propanamide + TX, N,N-dimethyl-1-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3- yl]phenyl]methyl]-1,2,4-triazol-3-amine (THESE COMPOUNDS may be prepared from the methods described in WO 2017 / 055473, WO 2017 / 055469, WO 2017 / 093348 and WO 2017 / 118689) + TX, N-[(1R)-1-benzyl-1,3- dimethyl-butyl]-7,8-difluoro-quinoline-3-carboxamide + TX, N-[(1R)-1-benzyl-1,3-dimethyl-butyl]-8-fluoro- quinoline-3-carboxamide + TX, N-[(1R)-1-benzyl-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-methyl-propyl]-8-fluoro-quinoline-3- carboxamide + TX, N-[(1S)-1-benzyl-1,3-dimethyl-butyl]-7,8-difluoro-quinoline-3-carboxamide + TX, N-[(1S)-1- benzyl-1,3-dimethyl-butyl]-8-fluoro-quinoline-3-carboxamide + TX, N-[(1S)-1-benzyl-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-methyl- propyl]-8-fluoro-quinoline-3-carboxamide + TX, N-[(E)-methoxyiminomethyl]-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4- oxadiazol-3-yl]benzamide + TX, N-[(Z)-methoxyiminomethyl]-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3- yl]benzamide + TX, N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]propanamide + TX, N-[2-[2,4- dichloro-phenoxy]phenyl]-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-pyrazole-4-carboxamide + TX, N-[2-[2-chloro-4- (trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]phenyl]-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-pyrazole-4-carboxamide + TX, N'-[2-chloro-4-(2- fluorophenoxy)-5-methyl-phenyl]-N-ethyl-N-methyl-formamidine (this compound may be prepared from the methods described in WO 2016 / 202742) + TX, N'-[4-(4,5-dichlorothiazol-2-yl)oxy-2,5-dimethyl-phenyl]-N-ethyl- N-methyl-formamidine + TX, N'-[5-bromo-2-methyl-6-(1-methyl-2-propoxy-ethoxy)-3-pyridyl]-N-ethyl-N-methyl- formamidine + TX, N'-[5-bromo-2-methyl-6-(1-methyl-2-propoxy-ethoxy)-3-pyridyl]-N-isopropyl-N-methyl- formamidine (these compounds may be prepared from the methods described in WO2015 / 155075) + TX, N'- [5-bromo-2-methyl-6-(2-propoxypropoxy)-3-pyridyl]-N-ethyl-N-methyl-formamidine (this compound may be prepared from the methods described in IPCOM000249876D) + TX, N'-[5-bromo-2-methyl-6-[(1R)-1-methyl-2- propoxy-ethoxy]-3-pyridyl]-N-ethyl-N-methyl-formamidine + TX, N'-[5-bromo-2-methyl-6-[(1S)-1-methyl-2- propoxy-ethoxy]-3-pyridyl]-N-ethyl-N-methyl-formamidine + TX, N'-[5-chloro-2-methyl-6-(1-methyl-2-propoxy-109921 | 83176 FFethoxy)-3-pyridyl]-N-ethyl-N-methyl-formamidine + TX, N-[N-methoxy-C-methyl-carbonimidoyl]-4-[5- (trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzamide (these compounds may be prepared from the methods described in WO 2018 / 202428) + TX, N’-[4-(1-cyclopropyl-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-hydroxy-ethyl)-5-methoxy-2-methyl- phenyl]-N-isopropyl-N-methyl-formamidine (these compounds may be prepared from the methods described in WO2018 / 228896) + TX, nabam + TX, naftalofos + TX, naled + TX, naphthalene + TX, NC-170 + TX, Neodiprion sertifer NPV and N. lecontei NPV + TX, nerolidol + TX, N-ethyl-2-methyl-N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)- 1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]propanamide + TX, N-ethyl-N’-[5-methoxy-2-methyl-4-[(2-trifluoromethyl)oxetan-2-yl]phenyl]-N-methyl-formamidine + TX, nickel bis(dimethyldithiocarbamate) + TX,niclosamide-olamine + TX, nicotine + TX, nicotine sulfate + TX, nifluridide + TX, nikkomycins + TX, N-isopropyl-N’-[5-methoxy-2-methyl-4-(2,2,2-trifluoro-1-hydroxy-1-phenyl-ethyl)phenyl]-N-methyl-formamidine + TX,nithiazine + TX, nitrapyrin + TX, nitrilacarb + TX, nitrilacarb 1:1 zinc chloride complex + TX, nitrothal-isopropyl + TX, N-methoxy-N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]cyclopropanecarboxamide + TX, N-methyl-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzamide + TX, N-methyl-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4- oxadiazol-3-yl]benzenecarbothioamide + TX, norbormide + TX, nuarimol + TX, O,O,O',O'-tetrapropyl dithiopyrophosphate + TX, octadeca-2,13-dien-1-yl acetate + TX, octadeca-3,13-dien-1-yl acetate + TX, octhilinone + TX, ofurace + TX, oleic acid + TX, omethoate + TX, orfralure + TX, Orius spp. + TX, oryctalure + TX, orysastrobin + TX, ostramone + TX, oxadixyl + TX, oxamate + TX, oxathiapiprolin + TX, oxine-copper + TX, oxolinic acid + TX, oxycarboxin + TX, oxydeprofos + TX, oxydisulfoton + TX, oxytetracycline + TX, paclobutrazole + TX, Paecilomyces fumosoroseus + TX, para-dichlorobenzene + TX, parathion + TX, parathion-methyl + TX, pefurazoate + TX, penconazole + TX, pencycuron + TX, penflufen + TX, penfluron + TX, pentachlorophenol + TX, pentachlorophenyl laurate + TX, penthiopyrad + TX, permethrin + TX, PH 60-38 + TX, phenamacril + TX, phenkapton + TX, phosacetim + TX, phosalone + TX, phosdiphen + TX, phosfolan + TX, phosglycin + TX, phosnichlor + TX, phosphamidon + TX, phosphine + TX, phosphorus + TX, phoxim- methyl + TX, phthalide + TX, Phytoseiulus persimilis + TX, picarbutrazox + TX, picaridin + TX, picoxystrobin + TX, pindone + TX, piperazine + TX, piperonyl butoxide + TX, piprotal + TX, pirimetaphos + TX, polychlorodicyclopentadiene isomers + TX, polychloroterpenes + TX, polynactins + TX, polyoxins + TX, potassium arsenite + TX, potassium ethylxanthate + TX, potassium hydroxyquinoline sulfate + TX, potassiumthiocyanate + TX, pp'-DDT + TX, precocene I + TX, precocene II + TX, precocene III + TX, primidophos + TX,probenazole + TX, prochloraz + TX, proclonol + TX, procymidone + TX, profluthrin + TX, promacyl + TX, promecarb + TX, propamocarb + TX, propiconazole + TX, propineb + TX, propoxur + TX, propyl isomer + TX, proquinazid + TX, prothidathion + TX, prothioconazole + TX, prothiofos + TX, prothoate + TX, pydiflumetofen + TX, pyraclostrobin + TX, pyrametostrobin + TX, pyraoxystrobin + TX, pyrapropoyne + TX, pyraziflumid + TX, pyrazophos + TX, pyresmethrin + TX, pyrethrin I + TX, pyrethrin II + TX, pyrethrins + TX, pyribencarb + TX, pyridachlometyl + TX, pyridaphenthion + TX, pyridin-4-amine + TX, pyrifenox + TX, pyrimethanil + TX, pyrimitate + TX, pyrimorph + TX, pyrinuron + TX, pyriofenone + TX, pyrisoxazole + TX, pyroquilon + TX, quassia + TX, quinalphos + TX, quinalphos-methyl + TX, quinoclamine + TX, quinofumelin + TX, quinonamid + TX, quinothion + TX, quinoxyfen + TX, quintiofos + TX, quintozene + TX, R-1492 + TX, rafoxanide + TX, resmethrin + TX, Reynoutria sachalinensis extract + TX, ribavirin + TX, R metalaxyl + TX, rotenone + TX, ryania + TX,109921 | 83176 FFryanodine + TX, S421 + TX, sabadilla + TX, schradan + TX, scilliroside + TX, seboctylamine + TX, sebufos + TX, sedaxane + TX, selamectin + TX, sesamex + TX, sesasmolin + TX, SI-0009 + TX, siglure + TX, simazine + TX, simeconazole + TX, sodium arsenite + TX, sodium cyanide + TX, sodium fluoride + TX, sodium fluoroacetate + TX, sodium hexafluorosilicate + TX, sodium pentachlorophenoxide + TX, sodium selenate + TX, sodium tetrathiocarbonate + TX, sodium thiocyanate + TX, sophamide + TX, sordidin + TX, spiroxamine + TX, SSI-121 + TX, Steinernema bibionis + TX, Steinernema carpocapsae + TX, Steinernema feltiae + TX, Steinernema glaseri + TX, Steinernema riobrave + TX, Steinernema riobravis + TX, Steinernema scapterisci + TX, Steinernema spp. + TX, streptomycin + TX, streptomycin sesquisulfate + TX, strychnine + TX, sulcatol + TX, sulcofuron + TX, sulcofuron-sodium + TX, sulfiram + TX, sulfluramid + TX, sulfotep + TX, sulfoxide + TX, sulfur + TX, sulfuryl fluoride + TX, sulprofos + TX, tar oils + TX, tau-fluvalinate + TX, tazimcarb + TX, TDE + TX, tebuconazole + TX, tebufloquin + TX, tebupirimfos + TX, tecloftalam + TX, temephos + TX, tepa + TX, TEPP + TX, terallethrin + TX, terbam + TX, tert-butyl N-[6-[[[(1-methyltetrazol-5-yl)-phenyl- methylene]amino]oxymethyl]-2-pyridyl]carbamate + TX, tetrachloroethane + TX, tetrachlorothiophene + TX, tetraconazole + TX, tetradec-11-en-1-yl acetate + TX, tetradifon + TX, tetramethylfluthrin + TX, tetrasul + TX, thallium sulfate + TX, thiabendazole + TX, thiafenox + TX, thiapronil + TX, thicrofos + TX, thifluzamide + TX, thiocarboxime + TX, thiocyclam + TX, thiocyclam hydrogen oxalate + TX, thiodiazole copper + TX, thiofanox + TX, thiohempa + TX, thiomersal + TX, thiometon + TX, thionazin + TX, thiophanate + TX, thiophanate-methyl + TX, thioquinox + TX, thiosultap + TX, thiosultap-sodium + TX, thiotepa + TX, thiram + TX, thuringiensin + TX, tiadinil + TX, tolclofos-methyl + TX, tolprocarb + TX, tolylfluanid + TX, tralomethrin + TX, transpermethrin + TX, tretamine + TX, triadimefon + TX, triadimenol + TX, triamiphos + TX, triarathene + TX, triazamate + TX, triazophos + TX, triazoxide + TX, triazuron + TX, tributyltin oxide + TX, trichlormetaphos-3 + TX, trichloronat + TX, Trichogramma spp. + TX, triclopyricarb + TX, tricyclazole + TX, tridemorph + TX, trifenmorph + TX, trifenofos + TX, trifloxystrobin + TX, triflumizole + TX, triforine + TX, trimedlure + TX, trimedlure A + TX, trimedlure B1 + TX, trimedlure B2 + TX, trimedlure C + TX, trimethacarb + TX, trinactin + TX, trinexapac + TX, triphenyltin acetate + TX, triphenyltin hydroxide + TX, triprene + TX, triticonazole + TX, trunc-call + TX, Typhlodromus occidentalis + TX, uredepa + TX, validamycin + TX, valifenalate + TX, vamidothion + TX, vaniliprole + TX, veratridine + TX, veratrine + TX, verbutin + TX, Verticillium lecanii + TX, vinclozoline + TX, warfarin + TX, XMC + TX, xylenols + TX, zeatin + TX, zetamethrin + TX, zhongshengmycin + TX, zinc naphthenate + TX, zinc phosphide + TX, zinc thiazole + TX, zineb + TX, ziram + TX, zolaprofos + TX, zoxamide+ TX, α- (1, 1- dimethylethyl) - α- [4'- (trifluoromethoxy) [1, 1'- biphenyl] - 4- yl] -5- pyrimidinemethanol + TX;Acinetobacter lwoffii + TX, Acremonium alternatum + TX, Acremonium cephalosporium + TX, Acremonium diospyri + TX, Acremonium obclavatum + TX, Adoxophyes orana granulovirus (AdoxGV) (Capex®) + TX, Agrobacterium radiobacter strain K84 (Galltrol-A®) + TX, Alternaria alternate + TX, Alternaria cassia + TX, Alternaria destruens (Smolder®) + TX, Ampelomyces quisqualis (AQ10®) + TX, Aspergillus flavus AF36 (AF36®) + TX, Aspergillus flavus NRRL 21882 (Aflaguard®) + TX, Aspergillus spp. + TX, Aureobasidium pullulans + TX, Azospirillum (MicroAZ®, TAZO B®) + TX, Azotobacter + TX, Azotobacter chroocuccum (Azotomeal®) + TX, Azotobacter cysts (Bionatural Blooming Blossoms®) + TX, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens + TX, Bacillus cereus + TX, Bacillus chitinosporus strain AQ746 + TX, Bacillus chitinosporus strain CM-1 + TX,109921 | 83176 FFBacillus circulans + TX, Bacillus firmus (BioSafe®, BioNem-WP®) in particular strain CNMC 1-1582 (e.g. VOTIVO® from BASF SE) + TX, Bacillus licheniformis strain 3086 (EcoGuard®, Green Releaf®) + TX, Bacilluslicheniformis strain HB-2 (Biostart™ formerly Rhizoboost®) + TX, Bacillus macerans + TX, Bacillus marismortui+ TX, Bacillus megaterium + TX, Bacillus mycoides strain AQ726 + TX, Bacillus papillae (Milky Spore Powder®) + TX, Bacillus pumilus spp. + TX, Bacillus pumilus strain AQ717 + TX, Bacillus pumilus strain GB34 (Yield Shield®) + TX, Bacillus pumilus strain QST 2808 (Sonata®, Ballad Plus®) + TX, Bacillus sphaericus (VectoLex®) + TX, Bacillus spp. + TX, Bacillus spp. strain AQ175 + TX, Bacillus spp. strain AQ177 + TX, Bacillus spp. strain AQ178 + TX, Bacillus subtilis strain AQ153 + TX, Bacillus subtilis strain AQ743 + TX, Bacillus subtilis strain QST 713 (CEASE®, Serenade®, Rhapsody®) + TX, Bacillus subtilis strain QST 714 (JAZZ®) + TX, Bacillus subtilis strain QST3002 + TX, Bacillus subtilis strain QST3004 + TX, Bacillus subtilis var. amyloliquefaciens strain FZB24 (Taegro®, Rhizopro®) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis aizawai GC 91 (Agree®) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis Cry 2Ae + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ab + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (BMP123®, Aquabac®, VectoBac®) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki (Javelin®, Deliver®, CryMax®, Bonide®, Scutella WP®, Turilav WP ®, Astuto®, Dipel WP®, Biobit®, Foray®) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki BMP 123 (Baritone®) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki HD-1 (Bioprotec-CAF / 3P®) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis strain AQ52 + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis strain BD#32 + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis tenebrionis (Novodor®, BtBooster) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis var. aizawai (XenTari®, DiPel®) + TX, bacteria spp. (GROWMEND®, GROWSWEET®, Shootup®) + TX, bacteriophage of Clavipacter michiganensis (AgriPhage®, Bakflor®) + TX, Beauveria bassiana (Beaugenic®, Brocaril WP®) + TX, Beauveria bassiana GHA (Mycotrol ES®, Mycotrol O®, BotaniGuard®) + TX, Beauveria brongniartii (Engerlingspilz®, Schweizer Beauveria®, Melocont®) + TX, Beauveria spp. + TX, Botrytis cineria + TX, Bradyrhizobium japonicum (TerraMax®) + TX, Brevibacillus brevis + TX, Burkholderia cepacia (Deny®, Intercept®, Blue Circle®) + TX, Burkholderia gladii + TX, Burkholderia gladioli + TX, Burkholderia spp. + TX, Canadian thistle fungus (CBH Canadian Bioherbicide®) + TX, Candida butyri + TX, Candida famata + TX, Candida fructus + TX, Candida glabrata + TX, Candida guilliermondii + TX, Candida melibiosica + TX, Candida oleophila strain O + TX, Candida parapsilosis + TX, Candida pelliculosa + TX, Candida pulcherrima + TX, Candida reukaufii + TX, Candida saitoana (Bio-Coat®, Biocure®) + TX, Candida sake + TX, Candida spp. + TX, Candida tenius + TX, Cedecea davisae + TX, Cellulomonas flavigena + TX, Chaetomium cochliodes (Nova-Cide®) + TX, Chaetomium globosum (Nova-Cide®) + TX, Chromobacterium subtsugae strain PRAA4-1T (Grandevo®) + TX, Cladosporium chlorocephalum + TX, Cladosporium cladosporioides + TX, Cladosporium oxysporum + TX, Cladosporium spp. + TX, Cladosporium tenuissimum + TX, Clonostachys rosea (EndoFine®) + TX, Colletotrichum acutatum + TX, Coniothyrium minitans (Cotans WG®) + TX, Coniothyrium spp. + TX, Cryptococcus albidus (YIELDPLUS®) + TX, Cryptococcus humicola + TX, Cryptococcus infirmo-miniatus + TX, Cryptococcus laurentii + TX, Cryptophlebia leucotreta granulovirus (Cryptex®) + TX, Cupriavidus campinensis + TX, Cydia pomonella granulovirus (CYD-X®, Madex®, Madex® Plus, Madex Max, Carpovirusine® + TX, Cylindrobasidium laeve (Stumpout®) + TX, Cylindrocladium + TX, Debaryomyces hansenii + TX, Drechslera hawaiinensis + TX, Enterobacter cloacae + TX, Enterobacteriaceae + TX, Entomophtora virulenta (Vektor®) + TX, Epicoccum nigrum + TX, Epicoccum purpurascens + TX, Epicoccum spp. + TX, Filobasidium floriforme +109921 | 83176 FFTX, Fusarium acuminatum + TX, Fusarium chlamydosporum + TX, Fusarium oxysporum (Fusaclean®, Biofox C®) + TX, Fusarium proliferatum + TX, Fusarium spp. + TX, Galactomyces geotrichum + TX, Gliocladium catenulatum (Primastop®, Prestop®) + TX, Gliocladium roseum + TX, Gliocladium spp. (SoilGard®) + TX, Gliocladium virens (Soilgard®) + TX, Granulovirus (Granupom®) + TX, Halobacillus halophilus + TX, Halobacillus litoralis + TX, Halobacillus trueperi + TX, Halomonas spp. + TX, Halomonas subglaciescola + TX, Halovibrio variabilis + TX, Hanseniaspora uvarum + TX, Helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus (Helicovex®) + TX, Helicoverpa zea nuclear polyhedrosis virus (Gemstar®) + TX, Isaria fumosorosea (previously known as Paecilomyces fumosoroseus strain, PFR-97®, PreFeRal®) + TX, Isoflavone formononetin (Myconate®) + TX, Kloeckera apiculata + TX, Kloeckera spp. + TX, Lagenidium giganteum (Laginex®) + TX, Lecanicillium lecanii (formerly known as Verticillium lecanii (Mycotal®) conidia of strain KV01 (e.g. Vertalec® by Koppert / Arysta) + TX, Lecanicillium longisporum (Vertiblast®) + TX, Lecanicillium muscarium (Vertikil®) + TX, Lymantria Dispar nucleopolyhedrosis virus (Disparvirus®) + TX, Marinococcus halophilus + TX, Meira geulakonigii + TX, Metarhizium anisopliae (Destruxin WP®) + TX, Metarhizium anisopliae (Met52®) + TX, Metschnikowia fruticola (Shemer®) + TX, Metschnikowia pulcherrima + TX, Microdochium dimerum (Antibot®) + TX, Micromonospora coerulea + TX, Microsphaeropsis ochracea + TX, Muscodor albus 620 (Muscudor®) + TX, Muscodor roseus in particular strain A3-5 (Accession No. NRRL 30548) + TX, Mycorrhizae spp. (AMykor®, Root Maximizer®) + TX, Myrothecium verrucaria strain AARC-0255 (DiTera®, BROS PLUS®) + TX, Ophiostoma piliferum strain D97 (Sylvanex®) + TX, Paecilomyces farinosus + TX, Paecilomyces lilacinus strain 251 (MeloCon WG®) + TX, Paecilomyces linacinus (Biostat WP®) + TX, Paenibacillus polymyxa + TX, Pantoea agglomerans (BlightBan C9-1®) + TX, Pantoea spp. + TX, Pasteuria nishizawae in particular strain Pn1 (CLARIVA from Syngenta / ChemChina); + TX, Pasteuria spp. (Econem®) + TX, Penicillium aurantiogriseum + TX, Penicillium billai (Jumpstart®, TagTeam®) + TX, Penicillium brevicompactum + TX, Penicillium frequentans + TX, Penicillium griseofulvum + TX, Penicillium purpurogenum + TX, Penicillium spp. + TX, Penicillium viridicatum + TX, Phlebiopsis gigantean (Rotstop®) + TX, phosphate solubilizing bacteria (Phosphomeal®) + TX, Phytophthora cryptogea + TX, Phytophthora palmivora (Devine®) + TX, Pichia anomala + TX, Pichia guilliermondii + TX, Pichia membranaefaciens + TX, Pichia onychis + TX, Pichia stipites + TX, Pseudomonas aeruginosa + TX, Pseudomonas aureofasciens (Spot-Less Biofungicide®) + TX, Pseudomonas cepacia + TX, Pseudomonas chlororaphis (AtEze®) + TX, Pseudomonas corrugate + TX, Pseudomonas fluorescens (Zequanox®) + TX, Pseudomonas fluorescens strain A506 (BlightBan A506®) + TX, Pseudomonas putida + TX, Pseudomonas reactans + TX, Pseudomonas spp. + TX, Pseudomonas syringae (Bio-Save®) + TX, Pseudomonas viridiflava + TX, Pseudozyma flocculosa strain PF-A22 UL (Sporodex L®) + TX, Puccinia canaliculata + TX, Puccinia thlaspeos (Wood Warrior®) + TX, Pythium paroecandrum + TX, Pythium oligandrum (Polygandron®, Polyversum®) + TX, Pythium periplocum + TX, Rhanella aquatilis + TX, Rhanella spp. + TX, Rhizobia (Dormal®, Vault®) + TX, Rhizoctonia + TX, Rhodococcus globerulus strain AQ719 + TX, Rhodosporidium diobovatum + TX, Rhodosporidium toruloides + TX, Rhodotorula glutinis + TX, Rhodotorula graminis + TX, Rhodotorula mucilagnosa + TX, Rhodotorula rubra + TX, Rhodotorula spp. + TX, Saccharomyces cerevisiae + TX, Salinococcus roseus + TX, Sclerotinia minor (SARRITOR®) + TX, Sclerotinia minor + TX, Scytalidium spp. + TX, Scytalidium uredinicola + TX, Serratia109921 | 83176 FFmarcescens + TX, Serratia plymuthica + TX, Serratia spp. + TX, Sordaria fimicola + TX, Spodoptera exigua nuclear polyhedrosis virus (Spod-X®, Spexit®) + TX, Spodoptera littoralis nucleopolyhedrovirus (Littovir®) + TX, Sporobolomyces roseus + TX, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia + TX, Streptomyces albaduncus + TX, Streptomyces exfoliates + TX, Streptomyces galbus + TX, Streptomyces griseoplanus + TX, Streptomyces griseoviridis (Mycostop®) + TX, Streptomyces hygroscopicus + TX, Streptomyces lydicus (Actinovate®) + TX, Streptomyces lydicus WYEC-108 (ActinoGrow®) + TX, Streptomyces violaceus + TX, Tilletiopsis minor + TX, Tilletiopsis spp. + TX, Trichoderma asperellum (T34 Biocontrol®) + TX, Trichoderma atroviride (Plantmate®) + TX, Trichoderma gamsii (Tenet®) + TX, Trichoderma hamatum TH 382 + TX, Trichoderma harzianum rifai (Mycostar®) + TX, Trichoderma harzianum T-22 (Trianum-P®, PlantShield HC®, RootShield®, Trianum-G® + TX, Trichoderma harzianum T-39 (Trichodex®) + TX, Trichoderma inhamatum + TX, Trichoderma koningii + TX, Trichoderma lignorum + TX, Trichoderma longibrachiatum + TX, Trichoderma polysporum (Binab T®) + TX, Trichoderma spp. LC 52 (Sentinel®) + TX, Trichoderma taxi + TX, Trichoderma virens (formerly Gliocladium virens GL-21) (SoilGuard®) + TX, Trichoderma virens + TX, Trichoderma viride + TX, Trichoderma viride strain ICC 080 (Remedier®) + TX, Trichosporon pullulans + TX, Trichosporon spp. + TX, Trichothecium roseum + TX, Trichothecium spp. + TX, Typhula phacorrhiza strain 94670 + TX, Typhula phacorrhiza strain 94671 + TX, Ulocladium atrum + TX, Ulocladium oudemansii (Botry-Zen®) + TX, Ustilago maydis + TX, various bacteria and supplementary micronutrients (Natural II®) + TX, various fungi (Millennium Microbes®) + TX, Verticillium chlamydosporium + TX, Vip3Aa20 (VIPtera®) + TX, Virgibaclillus marismortui + TX, Xanthomonas campestris pv. Poae (Camperico®) + TX, Xenorhabdus bovienii + TX, Xenorhabdus nematophilus + TX; AGNIQUE® MMF + TX, azadirachtin (Plasma Neem Oil®, AzaGuard®, MeemAzal®, Molt-X® e.g. AZATIN XL from Certis, US) + TX, Botanical IGR (Neemazad®, Neemix®) + TX, BugOil® + TX, canola oil (Lilly Miller Vegol®) + TX, Chenopodium ambrosioides near ambrosioides (Requiem®) + TX, Chrysanthemum extract (Crisant®) + TX, essentials oils of Labiatae (Botania®) + TX, extract of neem oil (Trilogy®) + TX, extracts of clove rosemary peppermint and thyme oil (Garden insect killer®) + TX, garlic + TX, Glycinebetaine (Greenstim®) + TX, kaolin (Screen®) + TX, lemongrass oil (GreenMatch®) + TX, Melaleuca alternifolia extract (also called tea tree oil) (Timorex Gold®) + TX, mixture of clove pepermint garlic oil and mint (Soil Shot®) + TX, mixture of clove rosemary and peppermint extract (EF 400®) + TX, mixture of rosemary sesame pepermintthyme and cinnamon extracts (EF 300®) + TX, neem oil + TX, Nepeta cataria (Catnip oil) + TX, Nepeta catarina+ TX, nicotine + TX, oregano oil (MossBuster®) + TX, Pedaliaceae oil (Nematon®) + TX, pine oil (Retenol®) +TX, pyrethrum + TX, Quillaja saponaria (NemaQ®) + TX, Reynoutria sachalinensis (Regalia®, Sakalia®) + TX,rotenone (Eco Roten®) + TX, Rutaceae plant extract (Soleo®) + TX, soybean oil (Ortho ecosense®) + TX, storage glucam of brown algae (Laminarin®) + TX, thyme oil + TX; (E,Z)-7,9-Dodecadien-1-yl acetate + TX, (E,Z,Z)-3,8,11 Tetradecatrienyl acetate + TX, (Z,Z,E)-7,11,13- Hexadecatrienal + TX, 2-Methyl-1-butanol + TX, Biolure® + TX, blackheaded fireworm pheromone (3M Sprayable Blackheaded Fireworm Pheromone®) + TX, Calcium acetate + TX, Check-Mate® + TX, Codling Moth Pheromone (Paramount dispenser-(CM) / Isomate C-Plus®) + TX, Entostat powder (extract from palm tree) (Exosex CM®) + TX, Grape Berry Moth Pheromone (3M MEC-GBM Sprayable Pheromone®) + TX,Lavandulyl senecioate + TX, Leafroller pheromone (3M MEC – LR Sprayable Pheromone®) + TX, Muscamone109921 | 83176 FF(Snip7 Fly Bait® + TX, Oriental Fruit Moth Pheromone (3M oriental fruit moth sprayable pheromone®) + TX, Peachtree Borer Pheromone (Isomate-P®) + TX, Scenturion® + TX, Starbar Premium Fly Bait®) + TX, Tomato Pinworm Pheromone (3M Sprayable pheromone®) + TX; Acerophagus papaya + TX, Adalia bipunctata (Adalia-System®) + TX, Adalia bipunctata (Adaline®) + TX, Adalia bipunctata (Aphidalia®) + TX, Ageniaspis citricola + TX, Ageniaspis fuscicollis + TX, Amblyseius andersoni (Anderline®, Andersoni-System®) + TX, Amblyseius californicus (Amblyline®, Spical®) + TX, Amblyseius cucumeris (Thripex®, Bugline cucumeris®) + TX, Amblyseius fallacis (Fallacis®) + TX, Amblyseius swirskii (Bugline swirskii®, Swirskii-Mite®) + TX, Amblyseius womersleyi (WomerMite®) + TX, Amitus hesperidum + TX, Anagrus atomus + TX, Anagyrus fusciventris + TX, Anagyrus kamali + TX, Anagyrus loecki + TX, Anagyrus pseudococci (Citripar®) + TX, Anicetus benefices + TX, Anisopteromalus calandrae + TX, Anthocoris nemoralis (Anthocoris-System®) + TX, Aphelinus abdominalis (Apheline®, Aphiline®), + TX, Aphelinus asychis + TX, Aphidius colemani (Aphipar®) + TX, Aphidius ervi (Aphelinus-System®) + TX, Aphidius ervi (Ervipar®) + TX, Aphidius gifuensis + TX, Aphidius matricariae (Aphipar-M®) + TX, Aphidoletes aphidimyza (Aphidend®, Aphidoline®) + TX, Aphytis lingnanensis + TX, Aphytis melinus + TX, Aprostocetus hagenowii + TX, Atheta coriaria (Staphyline®) + TX, Bombus spp. + TX, Bombus terrestris (Beeline®, Tripol®) + TX, Bombus terrestris (Natupol Beehive®) + TX, Cephalonomia stephanoderis + TX, Chilocorus nigritus + TX, Chrysoperla carnea (Chrysoline®, Chrysopa®) + TX, Chrysoperla rufilabris + TX, Cirrospilus ingenuus + TX, Cirrospilus quadristriatus + TX, Citrostichus phyllocnistoides + TX, Closterocerus chamaeleon + TX, Closterocerus spp. + TX, Coccidoxenoides perminutus (Planopar®) + TX, Coccophagus cowperi + TX, Coccophagus lycimnia + TX, Cotesia flavipes + TX, Cotesia plutellae + TX, Cryptolaemus montrouzieri (Cryptobug®, Cryptoline®) + TX, Cybocephalus nipponicus + TX, Dacnusa sibirica (Minusa®, DacDigline®, Minex®) + TX, Delphastus catalinae (Delphastus®) + TX, Delphastus pusillus + TX, Diachasmimorpha krausii + TX, Diachasmimorpha longicaudata + TX, Diaparsis jucunda + TX, Diaphorencyrtus aligarhensis + TX, Diglyphus isaea (Diminex®, Miglyphus®, Digline®) + TX, Diversinervus spp. + TX, Encarsia citrina + TX, Encarsia formosa (Encarsia max®, Encarline®, En-Strip®) + TX, Encarsia guadeloupae + TX, Encarsia haitiensis + TX, Episyrphus balteatus (Syrphidend®) + TX, Eretmoceris siphonini + TX, Eretmocerus californicus + TX, Eretmocerus eremicus (Enermix®, Ercal®, Eretline e®, Bemimix®) + TX, Eretmocerus hayati + TX, Eretmocerus mundus (Bemipar®, Eretline m®) + TX, Eretmocerus siphonini + TX, Exochomus quadripustulatus + TX, Feltiella acarisuga (Feltiline®) + TX, Feltiella acarisuga (Spidend®) + TX, Fopius arisanus + TX, Fopius ceratitivorus + TX, Formononetin (Wirless Beehome®) + TX, Franklinothrips vespiformis (Vespop®) + TX, Galendromus occidentalis + TX, Goniozus legneri + TX, Habrobracon hebetor + TX, Harmonia axyridis (HarmoBeetle®) + TX, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (NemaShield HB®, Nemaseek®, Terranem-Nam®, Terranem®, Larvanem®, B-Green®, NemAttack ®, Nematop®) + TX, Heterorhabditis megidis (Nemasys H®, BioNem H®, Exhibitline hm®, Larvanem-M®) + TX, Heterorhabditis spp. (Lawn Patrol®) + TX, Hippodamia convergens + TX, Hypoaspis aculeifer (Aculeifer-System®, Entomite-A®) + TX, Hypoaspis miles (Hypoline m®, Entomite-M®) + TX, Lbalia leucospoides + TX, Lecanoideus floccissimus + TX, Lemophagus errabundus + TX, Leptomastidea abnormis + TX, Leptomastix dactylopii + TX, Leptomastix epona + TX, Lindorus lophanthae + TX, Lipolexis oregmae + TX, Lucilia caesar (Natufly®) + TX, Lysiphlebus109921 | 83176 FFtestaceipes + TX, Macrolophus caliginosus (Mirical-N®, Macroline c®, Mirical®) + TX, Mesoseiulus longipes + TX, Metaphycus flavus + TX, Metaphycus lounsburyi + TX, Micromus angulatus (Milacewing®) + TX, Microterys flavus + TX, Muscidifurax raptorellus and Spalangia cameroni (Biopar®) + TX, Neodryinus typhlocybae + TX, Neoseiulus californicus + TX, Neoseiulus cucumeris (THRYPEX®) + TX, Neoseiulus fallacis + TX, Nesideocoris tenuis (NesidioBug®, Nesibug®) + TX, Ophyra aenescens (Biofly®) + TX, Orius insidiosus (Thripor-I®, Oriline i®) + TX, Orius laevigatus (Thripor-L®, Oriline l®) + TX, Orius majusculus (Oriline m®) + TX, Orius strigicollis (Thripor-S®) + TX, Pauesia juniperorum + TX, Pediobius foveolatus + TX, Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita (Nemaslug®) + TX, Phymastichus coffea + TX, Phytoseiulus macropilus + TX, Phytoseiulus persimilis (Spidex®, Phytoline p®) + TX, Podisus maculiventris (Podisus®) + TX, Pseudacteon curvatus + TX, Pseudacteon obtusus + TX, Pseudacteon tricuspis + TX, Pseudaphycus maculipennis + TX, Pseudleptomastix mexicana + TX, Psyllaephagus pilosus + TX, Psyttalia concolor (complex) + TX, Quadrastichus spp. + TX, Rhyzobius lophanthae + TX, Rodolia cardinalis + TX, Rumina decollate + TX, Semielacher petiolatus + TX, Sitobion avenae (Ervibank®) + TX, Steinernema carpocapsae (Nematac C®, Millenium®, BioNem C®, NemAttack®, Nemastar®, Capsanem®) + TX, Steinernema feltiae (NemaShield®, Nemasys F®, BioNem F®, Steinernema-System®, NemAttack®, Nemaplus®, Exhibitline sf®, Scia-rid®, Entonem®) + TX, Steinernema kraussei (Nemasys L®, BioNem L®, Exhibitline srb®) + TX, Steinernema riobrave (BioVector®, BioVektor®) + TX, Steinernema scapterisci (Nematac S®) + TX, Steinernema spp. + TX, Steinernematid spp. (Guardian Nematodes®) + TX, Stethorus punctillum (Stethorus®) + TX, Tamarixia radiate + TX, Tetrastichus setifer + TX, Thripobius semiluteus + TX, Torymus sinensis + TX, Trichogramma brassicae (Tricholine b®) + TX, Trichogramma brassicae (Tricho-Strip®) + TX, Trichogramma evanescens + TX, Trichogramma minutum + TX, Trichogramma ostriniae + TX, Trichogramma platneri + TX, Trichogramma pretiosum + TX, Xanthopimpla stemmator + TX; abscisic acid + TX, Aminomite® + TX, BioGain® + TX, bioSea® + TX, Chondrostereum purpureum (Chontrol Paste®) + TX, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Collego®) + TX, Copper Octanoate (Cueva®) + TX, Delta traps (Trapline d®) + TX, Erwinia amylovora (Harpin) (ProAct®, Ni-HIBIT Gold CST®) + TX, fatty acids derived from a natural by-product of extra virgin olive oil (FLIPPER®) + TX, Ferri-phosphate (Ferramol®) + TX, Funnel traps (Trapline y®) + TX, Gallex® + TX, Grower's Secret® + TX, Homo-brassonolide + TX, Iron Phosphate (Lilly Miller Worry Free Ferramol Slug & Snail Bait®) + TX, MCP hail trap (Trapline f®) + TX, Microctonus hyperodae + TX, Mycoleptodiscus terrestris (Des-X®) + TX, Nosema locustae (Semaspore Organic Grasshopper Control®) + TX, Pheromone trap (Thripline ams®) + TX, potassium bicarbonate (MilStop®) + TX, potassium iodide + potassiumthiocyanate (Enzicur®) + TX, potassium salts of fatty acids (Sanova®) + TX, potassium silicate solution (Sil-Matrix®) + TX, Spider venom + TX, Sticky traps (Trapline YF®,Rebell Amarillo®) + TX, SuffOil-X® + TX, Traps (Takitrapline y + b®) + TX, vadescana (CAS Number: 2643947-26-4) + TX, Zenox® + TX; Bacillus mojavensis strain R3B (Accession No. NCAIM (P) B001389) (WO 2013 / 034938) from Certis USA LLC + TX, Bacillus pumilus, in particular strain BU F-33, having NRRL Accession No.50185 (CARTISSA® from BASF, EPA Reg. No.71840-19) + TX, Bacillus subtilis CX-9060 from Certis USA LLC, Bacillus sp., in particular strain D747 (available as DOUBLE NICKEL® from Kumiai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), having109921 | 83176 FFAccession No. FERM BP-8234, U.S. Patent No.7,094,592 + TX, Bacillus subtilis strain BU1814, (VELONDIS® PLUS, VELONDIS® FLEX and VELONDIS® EXTRA from BASF SE) + TX, Bacillus subtilis var. amyloliquefaciens strain FZB24 having Accession No. DSM 10271 (available from Novozymes as TAEGRO® or TAEGRO® ECO (EPA Registration No.70127-5)) + TX, Bacillus subtilis, in particular strain QST713 / AQ713 (having NRRL Accession No. B-21661 and described in U.S. Patent No.6,060,051, available as SERENADE® OPTI or SERENADE® ASO from Bayer CropScience LP, US) + TX, Paenibacillus polymyxa, in particular strain AC-1 (e.g. TOPSEED® from Green Biotech Company Ltd.) + TX, Paenibacillus sp. strain having Accession No. NRRL B-50972 or Accession No. NRRL B-67129, WO 2016 / 154297 + TX, Pantoea agglomerans, inparticular strain E325 (Accession No. NRRL B-21856) (available as BLOOMTIME BIOLOGICAL™ FDBIOPESTICIDE from Northwest Agri Products) + TX, Pseudomonas proradix (e.g. PRORADIX® from Sourcon Padena) + TX; Aureobasidium pullulans, in particular blastospores of strain DSM14940, blastospores of strain DSM 14941 or mixtures of blastospores of strains DSM14940 and DSM14941 (e.g., BOTECTOR® and BLOSSOM PROTECT® from bio-ferm, CH) + TX, Pseudozyma aphidis (as disclosed in WO2011 / 151819 by Yissum Research Development Company of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem) + TX, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, in particular strains CNCM No. 1-3936, CNCM No. 1-3937, CNCM No. 1-3938 or CNCM No. 1-3939 (WO 2010 / 086790) from Lesaffre et Compagnie, FR + TX; Agrobacterium radiobacter strain K84 (e.g. GALLTROL-A® from AgBioChem, CA) + TX, Bacillusamyloliquefaciens isolate B246 (e.g. AVOGREEN™ from University of Pretoria) + TX, Bacillusamyloliquefaciens strain F727 (also known as strain MBI110) (NRRL Accession No. B-50768, WO 2014 / 028521) (STARGUS® from Marrone Bio Innovations) + TX, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain FZB42, Accession No. DSM 23117 (available as RHIZOVITAL® from ABiTEP, DE) + TX, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens,in particular strain D747 (available as Double Nickel™ from Kumiai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., havingaccession number FERM BP-8234, US Patent No. 7,094,592) + TX, Bacillus licheniformis FMCH001 and Bacillus subtilis FMCH002 (QUARTZO® (WG) and PRESENCE® (WP) from FMC Corporation) + TX, Bacillus licheniformis, in particular strain SB3086, having Accession No. ATCC 55406, WO 2003 / 000051 (available asECOGUARD® Biofungicide and GREEN RELEAF™ from Novozymes) + TX, Bacillus methylotrophicus strainBAC-9912 (from Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Institute of Applied Ecology) + TX, Bacillus mycoides, isolate,having Accession No. B-30890 (available as BMJ TGAI® or WG and LifeGard™ from Certis USA LLC) + TX,Bacillus pumilus, in particular strain GB34 (available as Yield Shield® from Bayer AG, DE) + TX, Bacillus pumilus, in particular strain QST2808 (available as SONATA® from Bayer CropScience LP, US, having Accession No. NRRL B-30087 and described in U.S. Patent No. 6,245,551) + TX, Bacillus subtilis CX-9060from Certis USA LLC + TX, Bacillus subtilis IAB / BS03 (AVIV™ from STK Bio-Ag Technologies, PORTENTO®from Idai Nature) + TX, Bacillus subtilis KTSB strain (FOLIACTIVE® from Donaghys) + TX, Bacillus subtilis strain BU1814, (available as VELONDIS® PLUS, VELONDIS® FLEX and VELONDIS® EXTRA from BASF SE) + TX, Bacillus subtilis strain GB03 (available as Kodiak® from Bayer AG, DE) + TX, Bacillus subtilis strain MBI 600 (available as SUBTILEX from BASF SE), having Accession Number NRRL B-50595, U.S. Patent No. 5,061,495 + TX, Bacillus subtilis strain Y1336 (available as BIOBAC® WP from Bion-Tech, Taiwan, registered109921 | 83176 FFas a biological fungicide in Taiwan under Registration Nos.4764, 5454, 5096 and 5277) + TX, Bacillus subtilis var. amyloliquefaciens strain FZB24 having Accession No. DSM 10271 (available from Novozymes as TAEGRO® or TAEGRO® ECO (EPA Registration No. 70127-5)) + TX, Bacillus subtilis Y1336 (available as BIOBAC® WP from Bion-Tech, Taiwan, registered as a biological fungicide in Taiwan under Registration Nos. 4764, 5454, 5096 and 5277) + TX, Paenibacillus epiphyticus (WO 2016 / 020371) from BASF SE + TX, Paenibacillus polymyxa ssp. plantarum (WO 2016 / 020371) from BASF SE + TX, Paenibacillus sp. strain having Accession No. NRRL B-50972 or Accession No. NRRL B-67129, WO 2016 / 154297 + TX, Pseudomonaschlororaphis strain AFS009, having Accession No. NRRL B-50897, WO 2017 / 019448 (e.g., HOWLER™ andZIO® from AgBiome Innovations, US) + TX, Pseudomonas chlororaphis, in particular strain MA342 (e.g. CEDOMON®, CERALL®, and CEDRESS® by Bioagri and Koppert) + TX, Pseudomonas fluorescens strain A506 (e.g. BLIGHTBAN® A506 by NuFarm) + TX, Pseudomonas proradix (e.g. PRORADIX® from Sourcon Padena) + TX, Streptomyces griseoviridis strain K61 (also known as Streptomyces galbus strain K61) (Accession No. DSM 7206) (MYCOSTOP® from Verdera, PREFENCE® from BioWorks, cf. Crop Protection 2006, 25, 468-475) + TX, Streptomyces lydicus strain WYEC108 (also known as Streptomyces lydicus strain WYCD108US) (ACTINO-IRON® and ACTINOVATE® from Novozymes) + TX; Trichoderma atroviride strain T11 (IMI352941 / CECT20498) + TX, Ampelomyces quisqualis strain AQ10, having Accession No. CNCM 1-807 (e.g., AQ 10® by IntrachemBio Italia) + TX, Ampelomyces quisqualis, in particular strain AQ 10 (e.g. AQ 10® by IntrachemBio Italia) + TX, Aspergillus flavus strain NRRL 21882 (products known as AFLA-GUARD® from Syngenta / ChemChina) + TX, Aureobasidium pullulans, in particular blastospores of strain DSM 14941 + TX, Aureobasidium pullulans, in particular blastospores of strain DSM14940 + TX, Aureobasidium pullulans, in particular mixtures of blastospores of strains DSM14940 and DSM 14941 (e.g. Botector® by bio-ferm, CH) + TX, Chaetomium cupreum (Accession No. CABI 353812) (e.g.BIOKUPRUM™ by AgriLife) + TX, Chaetomium globosum (available as RIVADIOM® by Rivale) + TX,Cladosporium cladosporioides, strain H39, having Accession No. CBS122244, US 2010 / 0291039 (by Stichting Dienst Landbouwkundig Onderzoek) + TX, Coniothyrium minitans, in particular strain CON / M / 91-8 (Accession No. DSM9660, e.g. Contans ® from Bayer CropScience Biologics GmbH) + TX, Cryptococcus flavescens, strain 3C (NRRL Y-50378), + TX, Dactylaria candida, Dilophosphora alopecuri (available as TWIST FUNGUS®), Fusarium oxysporum, strain Fo47 (available as FUSACLEAN® by Natural Plant Protection) + TX, Gliocladium catenulatum (Synonym: Clonostachys rosea f. catenulate) strain J1446 (e.g. Prestop ® by Lallemand) + TX, Gliocladium roseum (also known as Clonostachys rosea f rosea) strain IK726 (Jensen DF, et al. Development of a biocontrol agent for plant disease control with special emphasis on the near commercial fungal antagonist Clonostachys rosea strain ’IK726’, Australasian Plant Pathol. 2007,36(2):95-101) + TX, Gliocladium roseum (also known as Clonostachys rosea f rosea), in particular strain 321U from Adjuvants Plus, strain ACM941 as disclosed in Xue A.G. (Efficacy of Clonostachys rosea strain ACM941 and fungicide seed treatments for controlling the root tot complex of field pea, Can Jour Plant Sci 2003, 83(3): 519-524) + TX, Metschnikowia fructicola, in particular strain NRRL Y-30752 + TX, Microsphaeropsis ochracea, Penicillium steckii (DSM 27859, WO 2015 / 067800) from BASF SE + TX, mixtures of Trichoderma asperellum strain ICC 012 (also known as Trichoderma harzianum ICC012), having Accession No. CABI CC IMI 392716 and109921 | 83176 FFTrichoderma gamsii (formerly T. viride) strain ICC 080, having Accession No. IMI 392151 (e.g., BIO-TAM™ from Isagro USA, Inc. or BIODERMA® by Agrobiosol de Mexico, S.A. de C.V.) + TX, Penicillium vermiculatum + TX, Phlebiopsis gigantea strain VRA 1992 (ROTSTOP® C from Danstar Ferment) + TX, Pseudozyma flocculosa, strain PF-A22 UL (available as SPORODEX® L by Plant Products Co., CA) + TX, Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain LAS117 cell walls (CEREVISANE® from Lesaffre, ROMEO® from BASF SE) + TX, Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains CNCM No.1-3936, CNCM No.1-3937, CNCM No.1-3938, CNCM No.1- 3939 (WO 2010 / 086790) from Lesaffre et Compagnie, FR + TX, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, in particular strain LASO2 (from Agro-Levures et Dérivés) + TX, Simplicillium lanosoniveum + TX, strain T34 (e.g. T34 Biocontrol by Biocontrol Technologies S.L., ES) or strain ICC 012 from Isagro + TX, strain WRL-076 (NRRL Y-30842), U.S. Patent No.7,579,183 + TX, Talaromyces flavus, strain V117b + TX, Trichoderma asperelloides JM41R (Accession No. NRRL B-50759) (TRICHO PLUS® from BASF SE) + TX, Trichoderma asperellum, in particular strain SKT-1, having Accession No. FERM P-16510 (e.g. ECO-HOPE® from Kumiai Chemical Industry) + TX, Trichoderma asperellum, in particular, strain kd (e.g. T-Gro from Andermatt Biocontrol) + TX, Trichoderma atroviride strain 77B (T77 from Andermatt Biocontrol) + TX, Trichoderma atroviride strain ATCC 20476 (IMI 206040) + TX, Trichoderma atroviride strain LC52 (e.g. Tenet by Agrimm Technologies Limited) + TX, Trichoderma atroviride strain LU132 (e.g. Sentinel from Agrimm Technologies Limited) + TX, Trichoderma atroviride strain NMI no. V08 / 002388 + TX, Trichoderma atroviride strain NMI no. V08 / 002389 + TX, Trichoderma atroviride strain NMI no. V08 / 002390 + TX, Trichoderma atroviride strain no. V08 / 002387 + TX, Trichoderma atroviride strain SKT-1 (FERM P-16510), JP Patent Publication (Kokai) 11-253151 A + TX, Trichoderma atroviride strain SKT-2 (FERM P-16511), JP Patent Publication (Kokai) 11-253151 A + TX, Trichoderma atroviride strain SKT-3 (FERM P-17021), JP Patent Publication (Kokai) 11-253151 A + TX, Trichoderma atroviride, in particular strain SC1 (Accession No. CBS 122089, WO 2009 / 116106 and U.S. Patent No. 8,431,120 (from Bi-PA)) + TX, Trichoderma atroviride,strain CNCM 1-1237 (e.g. Esquive® WP from Agrauxine, FR) + TX, Trichoderma fertile (e.g. product TrichoPlus from BASF) + TX, Trichoderma gamsii (formerly T. viride) + TX, Trichoderma gamsii (formerly T. viride) strain ICC 080 (IMI CC 392151 CABI) (available as BIODERMA® by AGROBIOSOL DE MEXICO, S.A. DE C.V.), + TX, Trichoderma gamsii strain ICC080 (IMI CC 392151 CABI, e.g. BioDerma by AGROBIOSOL DE MEXICO, S.A. DE C.V.), + TX, Trichoderma harmatum + TX, Trichoderma harmatum, having Accession No. ATCC 28012 + TX, Trichoderma harzianum + TX, Trichoderma harzianum rifai T39 (e.g. Trichodex® from Makhteshim, US) + TX, Trichoderma harzianum strain Cepa SimbT5 (from Simbiose Agro), + TX, Trichoderma harzianum strain DB 103 (available as T-GRO® 7456 by Dagutat Biolab) + TX, Trichoderma harzianum strain ITEM 908 (e.g. Trianum-P from Koppert) + TX, Trichoderma harzianum strain T-22 (e.g. Trianum-P from Andermatt Biocontrol or Koppert) +TX, Trichoderma harzianum strain TH35 (e.g. Root-Pro by Mycontrol) + TX, Trichoderma polysporum strainIMI 206039 (e.g. Binab TF WP by BINAB Bio-Innovation AB, Sweden) + TX, Trichoderma stromaticum having Accession No. Ts3550 (e.g. Tricovab by CEPLAC, Brazil) + TX, Trichoderma virens (also known as Gliocladium virens) in particular strain GL-21 (e.g. SoilGard by Certis, US) + TX, Trichoderma virens strain G-41, formerly known as Gliocladium virens (Accession No. ATCC 20906) (e.g., ROOTSHIELD® PLUS WP and TURFSHIELD® PLUS WP from BioWorks, US) + TX, Trichoderma viride in particular strain B35 (Pietr et al.,109921 | 83176 FF1993, Zesz. Nauk. A R w Szczecinie 161: 125-137) + TX, Trichoderma viride strain TV1(e.g. Trianum-P by Koppert) + TX, Ulocladium oudemansii strain U3, having Accession No. NM 99 / 06216 (e.g., BOTRY-ZEN® by Botry-Zen Ltd, New Zealand and BOTRYSTOP® from BioWorks, Inc.) + TX, Verticillium albo-atrum (formerly V. dahliae) strain WCS850 having Accession No. WCS850, deposited at the Central Bureau for Fungi Cultures (e.g., DUTCH TRIG® by Tree Care Innovations) + TX, Verticillium chlamydosporium + TX; a mixture of Azotobacter vinelandii and Clostridium pasteurianum (available as INVIGORATE® from Agrinos) + TX, a mixture of Bacillus licheniformis FMCH001 and Bacillus subtilis FMCH002 (available asQUARTZO® (WG), PRESENCE® (WP) from FMC Corporation) + TX, Azorhizobium caulinodans, in particularstrain ZB-SK-5 + TX, Azospirillum brasilense (e.g., VIGOR® from KALO, Inc.) + TX, Azospirillum lipoferum(e.g., VERTEX-IF™ from TerraMax, Inc.) + TX, Azotobacter chroococcum, in particular strain H23 + TX,Azotobacter vinelandii, in particular strain ATCC 12837 + TX, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens BS27 (Accession No. NRRL B-5015) + TX, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in particular strain FZB42 (e.g. RHIZOVITAL® from ABiTEP, DE) + TX, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in particular strain IN937a + TX, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens pm414 (LOLI- PEPTA® from Biofilm Crop Protection) + TX, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SB3281 (ATCC # PTA-7542, WO 2017 / 205258) + TX, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens TJ1000 (available as QUIKROOTS® from Novozymes) + TX, Bacillus cereus family member EE128 (NRRL No. B-50917) + TX, Bacillus cereus family member EE349 (NRRL No. B-50928) + TX, Bacillus cereus in particular strain BP01 (ATCC 55675, e.g. MEPICHLOR® from Arysta Lifescience, US) + TX, Bacillus mycoides BT155 (NRRL No. B-50921) + TX, Bacillus mycoides BT46-3 (NRRL No. B-50922) + TX, Bacillus mycoides EE118 (NRRL No. B-50918) + TX, Bacillus mycoides EE141 (NRRL No. B-50916) + TX, Bacillus pumilus in particular strain GB34 (e.g. YIELD SHIELD® from Bayer Crop Science, DE), + TX, Bacillus pumilus in particular strain QST2808 (Accession No. NRRL No. B-30087) + TX, Bacillus siamensis in particular strain KCTC 13613T + TX, Bacillus subtilis in particular strain AQ30002(Accession No. NRRL No. B-50421 and described in U.S. Patent Application No. 13 / 330,576) + TX, Bacillussubtilis in particular strain AQ30004 (NRRL No. B-50455 and described in U.S. Patent Application No.13 / 330,576) + TX, Bacillus subtilis in particular strain MBI 600 (e.g. SUBTILEX® from BASF SE) + TX, Bacillussubtilis rm303 (RHIZOMAX® from Biofilm Crop Protection) + TX, Bacillus subtilis strain BU1814 (available as TEQUALIS® from BASF SE) + TX, Bacillus tequilensis in particular strain NII-0943 + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis BT013A (NRRL No. B-50924) also known as Bacillus thuringiensis 4Q7 + TX, Bradyrhizobium japonicum (e.g. OPTIMIZE® from Novozymes) + TX, Delftia acidovorans in particular strain RAY209 (e.g. BIOBOOST® from Brett Young Seeds) + TX, Lactobacillus sp. (e.g. LACTOPLANT® from LactoPAFI) + TX, Mesorhizobium cicer (e.g., NODULATOR from BASF SE) + TX, Paenibacillus polymyxa in particular strain AC-1 (e.g. TOPSEED® from Green Biotech Company Ltd.) + TX, Pseudomonas aeruginosa in particular strain PN1 + TX, Pseudomonas proradix (e.g. PRORADIX® from Sourcon Padena) + TX, Rhizobium leguminosarium biovar viciae (e.g., NODULATOR from BASF SE) + TX, Rhizobium leguminosarum in particular bv. viceae strain Z25 (Accession No. CECT 4585) + TX, Serratia marcescens in particular strain SRM (Accession No. MTCC 8708), + TX, Sinorhizobium meliloti strain NRG-185-1 (NITRAGIN® GOLD from Bayer CropScience) + TX, Thiobacillus sp. (e.g. CROPAID® from Cropaid Ltd UK) + TX;109921 | 83176 FFMyrothecium verrucaria strain AARC-0255 (e.g. DiTera™ from Valent Biosciences) + TX, Penicilliumbilaii strain ATCC 22348 (e.g. JumpStart® from Acceleron BioAg) + TX, Penicillium bilaii strain ATCC ATCC20851 + TX, Purpureocillium lilacinum (previously known as Paecilomyces lilacinus) strain 251 (AGAL 89 / 030550, e.g. BioAct from Bayer CropScience Biologics GmbH) + TX, Pythium oligandrum strain DV74 + TX, Pythium oligandrum strain M1 (ATCC 38472 e.g. Polyversum from Bioprepraty, CZ) + TX, Rhizopogon amylopogon (Myco-Sol from Agri-Enterprise, LLC, formerly Helena Chemical Company) + TX, Rhizopogon fulvigleba (e.g. Myco-Sol from Agri-Enterprise, LLC, formerly Helena Chemical Company) + TX, Talaromyces flavus strain V117b + TX, Trichoderma asperellum strain (Eco-T from Plant Health Products, ZA) + TX, Trichoderma asperellum strain kd (e.g. T-Gro from Andermatt Biocontrol) + TX, Trichoderma atroviride in particular strain no. V08 / 002387 + TX, Trichoderma atroviride strain CNCM 1-1237 (e.g. Esquive® WP from Agrauxine, FR) + TX, Trichoderma atroviride strain LC52 (also known as Trichoderma atroviride strain LU132, e.g. Sentinel from Agrimm Technologies Limited) + TX, Trichoderma atroviride strain no. NMI No. V08 / 002388 + TX, Trichoderma atroviride strain no. NMI No. V08 / 002389 + TX, Trichoderma atroviride strain no. NMI No. V08 / 002390 + TX, Trichoderma atroviride strain SC1 (described in WO2009 / 116106) + TX, Trichoderma harzianum strain 1295-22 + TX, Trichoderma harzianum strain ITEM 908 + TX, Trichoderma harzianum strain T-22 (e.g. Trianum-P from Andermatt Biocontrol or Koppert) + TX, Trichoderma harzianum strain TSTh20, + TX, Trichoderma virens strain GI-3 + TX, Trichoderma virens strain GL-21 (e.g. SoilGard® from Certis, USA) + TX, Trichoderma viride strain B35 (Pietr et al., 1993, Zesz. Nauk. A R w Szczecinie 161: 125-137) + TX, Verticillium albo-atrum (formerly V. dahliae) strain WCS850 (CBS 276.92, e.g. Dutch Trig from Tree Care Innovations) + TX; Agrobacterium radiobacter strain K84 (Galltrol from AgBiochem Inc.), + TX, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in particular strain PTS-4838 (e.g. AVEO from Valent Biosciences, US), + TX, Bacillus mycoides, isolate J. (e.g. BmJ from Certis USA LLC), + TX, Bacillus sphaericus in particular Serotype H5a5b strain 2362 (strain ABTS-1743) (e.g. VECTOLEX® from Valent BioSciences, US), + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis strain BMP 144 (e.g. AQUABAC® by Becker Microbial Products IL) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawai strain GC-91 + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawai, in particular serotype H-7 (e.g. FLORBAC® WG from Valent BioSciences, US) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawai, in particular strain ABTS-1857 (SD-1372, e.g. XENTARI® from Valent BioSciences) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis (serotype H-14) strain AM65-52 (Accession No. ATCC 1276) (e.g. VECTOBAC® by Valent BioSciences, US) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki strain ABTS 351 + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki strain BMP 123 (from Becker Microbial Products, IL, BARITONE from Bayer CropScience) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki strain EG 2348 (LEPINOX from Certis, US) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki strain EG 7841 (CRYMAX from Certis, US) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki strain HD-1 (e.g. DIPEL® ES from Valent BioSciences, US) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki strain PB 54 + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki strain SA 11 (JAVELIN from Certis, US) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki strain SA 12 (THURICIDE from Certis, US) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. tenebrionis strain NB 176 (SD-5428, e.g. NOVODOR® FC from BioFa DE) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis var. Colmeri (e.g. TIANBAOBTC by Changzhou Jianghai Chemical Factory) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis var. japonensis strain Buibui + TX, Bacillus109921 | 83176 FFthuringiensis var. kurstaki strain EVB-113-19 (e.g., BIOPROTEC® from AEF Global) + TX, Brevibacillus laterosporus + TX, Burkholderia spp. in particular Burkholderia rinojensis strain A396 (also known as Burkholderia rinojensis strain MBI 305) (Accession No. NRRL B-50319, WO 2011 / 106491 and WO 2013 / 032693, e.g. MBI206 TGAI and ZELTO® from Marrone Bio Innovations), + TX, Chromobacterium subtsugae in particular strain PRAA4-1T (e.g. MBI-203, e.g. GRANDEVO® from Marrone Bio Innovations) + TX, Lecanicillium muscarium Ve6 (MYCOTAL from Koppert) + TX, Paenibacillus popilliae (formerly Bacilluspopilliae, e.g. MILKY SPORE POWDER™ or MILKY SPORE GRANULAR™ from St. Gabriel Laboratories) +TX, Serratia entomophila (e.g. INVADE® by Wrightson Seeds) + TX, Serratia marcescens in particular strain SRM (Accession No. MTCC 8708) + TX, Trichoderma asperellum (TRICHODERMAX from Novozymes) + TX, Wolbachia pipientis ZAP strain (e.g., ZAP MALES® from MosquitoMate) + TX; Beauveria bassiana strain ATCC 74040 (e.g. NATURALIS® from Intrachem Bio Italia) + TX, Beauveria bassiana strain ATP02 (Accession No. DSM 24665), Apopka 97 (PREFERAL from SePRO) + TX, Beauveria bassiana strain GHA (Accession No. ATCC74250, e.g. BOTANIGUARD® ES and MYCONTROL-O® from Laverlam International Corporation) + TX, Metarhizium anisopliae 3213-1 (deposited under NRRL accession number 67074 disclosed in WO 2017 / 066094, Pioneer Hi-Bred International) + TX, Metarhizium robertsii 15013-1 (deposited under NRRL accession number 67073) + TX, Metarhizium robertsii 23013-3 (deposited under NRRL accession number 67075) + TX, Paecilomyces lilacinus strain 251 (MELOCON from Certis, US) + TX, Zoophtora radicans + TX; Adoxophyes orana (summer fruit tortrix) granulosis virus (GV) + TX, Cydia pomonella (codling moth) granulosis virus (GV) + TX, Helicoverpa armigera (cotton bollworm) nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV) + TX, Spodoptera exigua (beet armyworm) mNPV + TX, Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) mNPV + TX, Spodoptera littoralis (African cotton leafworm) NPV + TX; Burkholderia spp. in particular Burkholderia cepacia (formerly known as Pseudomonas cepacia) + TX, Gigaspora spp. + TX, Glomus spp. + TX, Laccaria spp. + TX, LactoBacillus buchneri + TX, Paraglomus spp. + TX, Pisolithus tinctorus + TX, Pseudomonas spp. + TX, Rhizobium spp. in particular Rhizobium trifolii + TX, Rhizopogon spp. + TX, Scleroderma spp. + TX, Streptomyces spp. + TX, Suillus spp. + TX, Agrobacterium spp. + TX, Azorhizobium caulinodans + TX, Azospirillum spp. + TX, Azotobacter spp. + TX, Bradyrhizobium spp. + TX, Gigaspora monosporum + TX; Allium sativum (NEMGUARD from Eco-Spray, BRALIC from ADAMA) + TX, Armour-Zen + TX, Artemisia absinthium + TX, Biokeeper WP + TX, Brassicaceae extract in particular oilseed rape powder or mustard powder + TX, Cassia nigricans + TX, Celastrus angulatus + TX, Chenopodium anthelminticum + TX, Chenopodium quinoa saponin extract from quinoa seeds (e.g. Heads Up® (Saponins of Quinoa) from Heads Up plant Protectants, CA) + TX, Chitin + TX, Dryopteris filix-mas + TX, Equisetum arvense + TX, Fortune Aza + TX, Fungastop + TX, Melaleuca alternifolia extract (TIMOREX GOLD from STK) + TX, naturally occurring Blad polypeptide extracted from Lupin seeds (FRACTURE® from FMC) + TX, naturally occurring Blad polypeptide extracted from Lupin seeds (PROBLAD® from Certis EU) + TX, Pyrethrins + TX, Quassia amara + TX, Quercus + TX, Quillaja extract (QL AGRI 35 from BASF) + TX, REGALIA MAXX from Marrone Bio) + TX,Requiem™ Insecticide + TX, Reynoutria sachalinensis extract (REGALLIA + TX, ryania / ryanodine + TX,109921 | 83176 FFSymphytum officinale + TX, Tanacetum vulgare + TX, Thymol + TX, Thymol mixed with Geraniol (CEDROZ from Eden Research) + TX, Thymol mixed with Geraniol and Eugenol (MEVALONE from Eden Research) + TX, Triact 70 + TX, TriCon + TX, Tropaeulum majus + TX, Urtica dioica + TX, Veratrin + TX, Viscum album + TX; mercuric oxide + TX, octhilinone + TX, thiophanate-methyl + TX; MGK 264 + TX, 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl piperonylate + TX, 2-isovalerylindan-1,3-dione + TX, 4- (quinoxalin-2-ylamino)benzenesulfonamide + TX, 5-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-3-hexylcyclohex-2-enone + TX, acibenzolar + TX, acibenzolar-S-methyl + TX, alpha-bromadiolone + TX, alpha-chlorohydrin + TX, aluminium phosphide + TX, anthraquinone + TX, antu + TX, arsenous oxide + TX, barium carbonate + TX, benoxacor + TX, bisthiosemi + TX, brodifacoum + TX, bromadiolone + TX, bromethalin + TX, calcium cyanide + TX, chloralose + TX, chlorophacinone + TX, cholecalciferol + TX, cloquintocet (including cloquintocet-mexyl) + TX, copper naphthenate + TX, copper oxychloride + TX, coumachlor + TX, coumafuryl + TX, coumatetralyl + TX, crimidine + TX, cyprosulfamide + TX, diazinon + TX, dichlormid + TX, dicyclopentadiene + TX, difenacoum + TX, difethialone + TX, diphacinone + TX, ergocalciferol + TX, farnesol + TX, farnesol with nerolidol + TX, fenchlorazole (including fenchlorazole-ethyl) + TX, fenclorim + TX, flocoumafen + TX, fluoroacetamide + TX, flupropadine + TX, flupropadine hydrochloride + TX, fluxofenim + TX, furilazole + TX, gamma-HCH + TX, guazatine + TX, guazatine acetates + TX, HCH + TX, hydrogen cyanide + TX, imanin + TX, iodomethane + TX, isoxadifen (including isoxadifen-ethyl) + TX, lindane + TX, magnesium phosphide + TX, MB-599 + TX, mefenpyr (including mefenpyr-diethyl) + TX, metcamifen + TX, methiocarb + TX, methyl bromide + TX, nerolidol + TX, norbormide + TX, petroleum oils + TX, phosacetim + TX, phosphine + TX, phosphorus + TX, pindone + TX, piperonyl butoxide + TX, piprotal + TX, potassium arsenite + TX, probenazole + TX, propyl isomer + TX, pyridin-4-amine + TX, pyrinuron + TX, Reynoutria sachalinensis extract + TX, ribavirin + TX, S421 + TX,scilliroside + TX, sesamex + TX, sesasmolin + TX, sodium arsenite + TX, sodium cyanide + TX, sodiumfluoroacetate + TX, strychnine + TX, sulfoxide + TX, thallium sulfate + TX, thiram + TX, trimethacarb + TX, warfarin + TX, zinc naphthenate + TX, zinc phosphide + TX, ziram + TX.

[0302] The references in brackets behind the active ingredients, e.g. [3878-19-1] refer to the ChemicalAbstracts Registry number. The above described mixing partners are known. Where the active ingredients areincluded in "The Pesticide Manual" [The Pesticide Manual - A World Compendium; Thirteenth Edition; Editor:C. D. S. TomLin; The British Crop Protection Council], they are described therein under the entry number given in round brackets hereinabove for the particular compound; for example, the compound "abamectin" is described under entry number (1). Where "[CCN]" is added hereinabove to the particular compound, the compound in question is included in the "Compendium of Pesticide Common Names", which is accessible on the internet [A. Wood; Compendium of Pesticide Common Names, Copyright © 1995-2004]; for example, the compound "acetoprole" is described under the internet address http: / / www.alanwood.net / pesticides / acetoprole.html.

[0303] Most of the active ingredients described above are referred to hereinabove by a so-called "commonname", the relevant "ISO common name" or another "common name" being used in individual cases. If the designation is not a "common name", the nature of the designation used instead is given in round brackets for109921 | 83176 FFthe particular compound; in that case, the IUPAC name, the IUPAC / Chemical Abstracts name, a "chemical name", a "traditional name", a "compound name" or a "development code" is used or, if neither one of those designations nor a "common name" is used, an "alternative name" is employed. "CAS Reg. No" means the Chemical Abstracts Registry Number.

[0304] The active ingredient mixture of the compounds of formula (I) selected from the compounds definedin the Tables A-1 to A-30, Tables B-1 to B-5, and Table P, with active ingredients described above comprisesa compound selected from one compound defined in the Tables A-1 to A-30, Tables B-1 to B-5, and Table P,and an active ingredient as described above preferably in a mixing ratio of from 100:1 to 1:6000, especially from 50:1 to 1:50, more especially in a ratio of from 20:1 to 1:20, even more especially from 10:1 to 1:10, veryespecially from 5:1 to 1:5, special preference being given to a ratio of from 2:1 to 1:2, and a ratio of from 4:1 to2:1 being likewise preferred, above all in a ratio of 1:1, or 5:1, or 5:2, or 5:3, or 5:4, or 4:1, or 4:2, or 4:3, or 3:1, or 3:2, or 2:1, or 1:5, or 2:5, or 3:5, or 4:5, or 1:4, or 2:4, or 3:4, or 1:3, or 2:3, or 1:2, or 1:600, or 1:300, or 1:150, or 1:35, or 2:35, or 4:35, or 1:75, or 2:75, or 4:75, or 1:6000, or 1:3000, or 1:1500, or 1:350, or 2:350, or 4:350, or 1:750, or 2:750, or 4:750. Those mixing ratios are by weight.

[0305] The compounds and mixtures as described above can be used in a method for controlling pests,which comprises applying a composition comprising a compound or mixture respectively as described above to the pests or their environment, with the exception of a method for treatment of the human or animal body bysurgery or therapy and diagnostic methods practiced on the human or animal body.

[0306] The mixtures comprising a compound of formula (I) selected from the compounds defined inthe Tables A-1 to A-30, Tables B-1 to B-5, and Table P, and one or more active ingredients as described abovecan be applied, for example, in a single "ready-mix" form, in a combined spray mixture com-posed from separate formulations of the single active ingredient components, such as a "tank-mix", and in a combined use of the single active ingredients when applied in a sequen-tial manner, i.e. one after the other with a reasonably short period, such as a few hours or days. The order of applying the compounds of formula (I) and the active ingredients as described above is not essential for working the present invention.

[0307] The compounds according to the invention can be used as pesticidal agents in unmodified form, butthey are generally formulated into compositions in various ways using formulation adjuvants, such as carriers, solvents and surface-active substances. The formulations can be in various physical forms, e.g. in the form of dusting powders, gels, wettable powders, water-dispersible granules, water-dispersible tablets, effervescent pellets, emulsifiable concentrates, micro-emulsifiable concentrates, oil-in-water emulsions, oil-flowables, aqueous dispersions, oily dispersions, suspo-emulsions, capsule suspensions, emulsifiable granules, soluble liquids, water-soluble concentrates (with water or a water-miscible organic solvent as carrier), impregnated polymer films or in other forms known e.g. from the Manual on Development and Use of FAO and WHO Specifications for Pesticides, United Nations, First Edition, Second Revision (2010). Such formulations can either be used directly or diluted prior to use. The dilutions can be made, for example, with water, liquid fertilisers, micronutrients, biological organisms, oil or solvents.

[0308] The formulations can be prepared e.g. by mixing the active ingredient with the formulation adjuvantsin order to obtain compositions in the form of finely divided solids, granules, solutions, dispersions or emulsions.109921 | 83176 FFThe active ingredients can also be formulated with other adjuvants, such as finely divided solids, mineral oils, oils of vegetable or animal origin, modified oils of vegetable or animal origin, organic solvents, water, surface- active substances or combinations thereof.

[0309] The active ingredients can also be contained in very fine microcapsules. Microcapsules contain theactive ingredients in a porous carrier. This enables the active ingredients to be released into the environment in controlled amounts (e.g. slow-release). Microcapsules usually have a diameter of from 0.1 to 500 microns.They contain active ingredients in an amount of about from 25 to 95 % by weight of the capsule weight. Theactive ingredients can be in the form of a monolithic solid, in the form of fine particles in solid or liquid dispersion or in the form of a suitable solution. The encapsulating membranes can comprise, for example, natural or synthetic rubbers, cellulose, styrene / butadiene copolymers, polyacrylonitrile, polyacrylate, polyesters, polyamides, polyureas, polyurethane or chemically modified polymers and starch xanthates or other polymers that are known to the person skilled in the art. Alternatively, very fine microcapsules can be formed in which the active ingredient is contained in the form of finely divided particles in a solid matrix of base substance, but the microcapsules are not themselves encapsulated.

[0310] The formulation adjuvants that are suitable for the preparation of the compositions according to theinvention are known per se. As liquid carriers there may be used: water, toluene, xylene, petroleum ether, vegetable oils, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone, acid anhydrides, acetonitrile, acetophenone, amyl acetate, 2-butanone, butylene carbonate, chlorobenzene, cyclohexane, cyclohexanol, alkyl esters of acetic acid, diacetone alcohol, 1,2-dichloropropane, diethanolamine, p-diethylbenzene, diethylene glycol, diethyleneglycol abietate, diethylene glycol butyl ether, diethylene glycol ethyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ether, N,N-dimethyl-formamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, 1,4-dioxane, dipropylene glycol, dipropylene glycol methyl ether, dipropylene glycol dibenzoate, diproxitol, alkylpyrrolidone, ethyl acetate, 2-ethylhexanol, ethylene carbonate, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, 2-heptanone, alpha-pinene, d-limonene, ethyl lactate, ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol butyl ether, ethylene glycol methyl ether, gamma-butyrolactone, glycerol, glycerol acetate, glycerol diacetate, glycerol triacetate, hexadecane, hexylene glycol, isoamyl acetate, isobornyl acetate, isooctane, isophorone, isopropylbenzene, isopropyl myristate, lactic acid, laurylamine, mesityl oxide, methoxy-propanol, methyl isoamyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl laurate, methyl octanoate, methyl oleate, methylene chloride, m-xylene, n-hexane, n-octylamine, octadecanoic acid, octylamine acetate, oleic acid, oleylamine, o-xylene, phenol, polyethylene glycol, propionic acid, propyl lactate, propylene carbonate, propylene glycol, propylene glycol methyl ether, p-xylene, toluene, triethyl phosphate, triethylene glycol, xylenesulfonic acid, paraffin, mineral oil, trichloroethylene, perchloroethylene, ethyl acetate, amyl acetate, butyl acetate, propylene glycol methyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ether, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, and alcohols of higher molecular weight, such as amyl alcohol, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, hexanol, octanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and the like.

[0311] Suitable solid carriers are, for example, talc, titanium dioxide, pyrophyllite clay, silica, attapulgite clay,kieselguhr, limestone, calcium carbonate, bentonite, calcium montmorillonite, cottonseed husks, wheat flour, soybean flour, pumice, wood flour, ground walnut shells, lignin and similar substances.109921 | 83176 FF

[0312] A large number of surface-active substances can advantageously be used in both solid and liquidformulations, especially in those formulations which can be diluted with a carrier prior to use. Surface-active substances may be anionic, cationic, non-ionic or polymeric and they ca...

Claims

109921 | 83176 FFCLAIMS1. A compound of the formula (I)wherein A is CH or N; X is an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom;, where the staggered line represents theconnection of Q to the rest of compound of the formula (I); R1is hydrogen, C1-C6alkyl, C1-C6cyanoalkyl, C1-C3alkoxyC1-C6alkyl, C2-C6alkenyl, C2-C6alkynyl, C3- C4cycloalkylC1-C2alkyl, or C1-C6alkoxycarbonyl; R2a is hydrogen, C1-C4alkyl, C1-C3haloalkyl, C3-C4cycloalkyl, or cyclopropyl substituted with a singlehalogen or cyano; R2bis hydrogen, halogen, C1-C3haloalkyl, C1-C3haloalkoxy, cyano, SF5, C1-C3alkylsulfanyl, C1-C3alkylsulfinyl, C1-C3alkylsulfonyl, C1-C3haloalkylsulfanyl, C1-C3haloalkylsulfinyl, C1-C3haloalkylsulfonyl, C1-C5cyanoalkyl, C1-C5cyanoalkoxy, C3-C4cycloalkylC1-C2alkyl, C3-C4cycloalkylC1-C2haloalkyl, C3-C4cycloalkylcarbonyl, or C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one or two substituents independentlyselected from the group consisting of halogen, -CN, C1-C3alkyl, and C1-C3haloalkyl;R3is C1-C3alkyl or C1-C3haloalkyl; R4is pyridinyl, pyrimidyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, or thiazolyl, each of which, independently of each other, is optionally substituted with a single substituent R4b; or R4is oxo-pyridazinyl optionally N-substituted with asingle substituent R4c;R4a is pyridinyl, pyrimidyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, thiazolyl, pyrazol-1-yl, or N-linked triazolyl, each ofwhich, independently of each other, is optionally substituted with a single substituent R4b; or R4ais oxo-pyridazinyl optionally N-substituted with a single substituent R4c;R4bis hydrogen, halogen, cyano, hydroxy, C1-C3haloalkyl, C1-C3alkoxy, C1-C3haloalkoxy, - C(O)NR10R11, -N(R11)C(O)OR10, or -N(R11)C(O)R10; R4cis C1-C3alkyl, C1-C3haloalkyl, allyl, propargyl, or C3-C6cycloalkylC1-C4alkyl;109921 | 83176 FFR5, R5aand R5bare independently hydrogen, halogen, C1-C3alkyl, C1-C3alkoxy, or C3-C4cycloalkyl; R10is hydrogen, C1-C3alkyl, C3-C6cycloalkyl, C3-C4cycloalkylC1-C2alkyl, C1-C3cyanoalkyl, cyanoC3-C6cycloalkyl, C1-C3alkoxyC1-C3alkyl, or C1-C4haloalkyl;R11 is hydrogen, hydroxy, C1-C3alkyl, C3-C4cycloalkyl, cyanoC3-C6cycloalkyl, C1-C3cyanoalkyl, C1-C3alkoxyC1-C3alkyl, C1-C3haloalkyl, or C1-C3alkoxy; or an agrochemically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, enantiomer, tautomer, or N-oxide of the compound of formula (I).

2. The compound according to claim 1, wherein A is CH.

3. The compound according to claim 1 or 2, wherein X is oxygen.

4. The compound according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein R1 is hydrogen, methyl,or cyclopropylmethyl.

5. The compound according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein R2a is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl,difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, cyclopropyl, 1-fluorocyclopropyl, or 1-cyanocyclopropyl.

6. The compound according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein R2b is chloro, bromo, difluoromethyl,trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, difluoromethylsulfonyl, trifluoromethylsulfonyl, or cyclopropyl.

7. The compound according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein R3 is methyl.

8. The compound according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein- Q is Qa and R4 is Qc-1, Qc-2, Qc-3, Qc-4, Qc-5, Qc-6, Qc-7, Qc-8, or Qc-9; or- Q is Qb and R4a is Qc-1, Qc-2, Qc-3, Qc-4, Qc-5, Qc-6, Qc-7, Qc-8, Qc-9, Qc-10, or Qc-11:109921 | 83176 FFR4b is hydrogen, fluoro, chloro, bromo, cyano, methyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, -C(O)NHR11, -C(O)N(CH3)R11, -NHC(O)R10or -N(CH3)C(O)R10; and R4cis methyl, ethyl, allyl, propargyl, or cyclopropylmethyl.

9. The compound according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein R10 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl,isopropyl, cyclopropyl, or cyanomethyl, preferably, R10 is hydrogen, methyl, or cyanomethyl; and R11 ishydrogen, methyl, ethyl, cyanomethyl, 2-cyanoethyl, cyclopropyl, 1-cyanocyclopropyl, or methoxy,preferably, R11 is hydrogen, methyl, or cyanomethyl.

10. The compound according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein R4 is 5-cyano-2-pyridyl, pyrimidin-2-yl, 5-fluoropyrimidin-2-yl, 5-chloropyrimidin-2-yl, 5-bromopyrimidin-2-yl, 6-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl, 6-carbamoylpyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(cyanomethylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-[cyanomethyl(methyl)carbamoyl]-pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(dimethylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6- (methoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl, pyrazin-2-yl, 6-chloropyridazin-3-yl, 5-chloropyrazin-2-yl, 5- bromopyrazin-2-yl, 6-methoxypyridazin-3-yl, 6-ethoxypyridazin-3-yl, 1-methyl-6-oxo-pyridazin-3-yl, 5-carbamoylpyrazin-2-yl, 5-cyanothiazol-2-yl, or 5-carbamoyl-thiazol-2-yl; and R4a is 5-cyano-2-pyridyl orpyrimidin-2-yl; preferably R4is 5-cyano-2-pyridyl, pyrimidin-2-yl, 6-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl, 6- carbamoylpyrimidin-4-yl.

11. The compound according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein- Q is Qa and R5 is hydrogen, bromo, methyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, or methoxy; or- Q is Qb, R5a is hydrogen, fluoro, chloro, methyl, methoxy, cyclopropyl, trifluoromethyl, or difluoromethoxy; andR5bis hydrogen, fluoro, chloro, or methoxy.

12. A composition comprising a compound as defined in any one of claims 1 to 11, one or moreauxiliaries and diluent, and optionally one or more other active ingredient.

13. A method(i) of combating and controlling insects, acarines, nematodes or molluscs which comprises applying to apest, to a locus of a pest, or to a plant susceptible to attack by a pest an insecticidally, acaricidally, nematicidally or molluscicidally effective amount of a compound as defined in any one of claims 1 to 11, orof a composition as defined in claim 12; or (b) for the protection of plant propagation material from the attack by insects, acarines, nematodes ormolluscs, which comprises treating the plant propagation material or the site where the propagation material is planted, with an effective amount of a compound as defined in any one of claims 1 to 11, or ofa composition as defined in claim 12; or (c) of controlling parasites in or on an animal in need thereof, comprising administering an effective amountof a compound as defined in any one of claims 1 to 11, or of a composition as defined in claim 12.109921 | 83176 FF14. A plant propagation material, such as a seed, comprising, or coated with, or treated with, oradhered thereto, a compound as defined in any one of claims 1 to 11, or a composition as defined inclaim 12.

15. A compound of the formula (IIa-1), of the formula (IIa-2), or of the formula (IIa-3):(IIa-1) (IIa-2) (IIa-3)wherein A, R2a and R2b are as defined in claims 1, 2, 5 and 6; and Ra is C1-C6alkyl or benzyl; orwherein A is CH; R2aand R2bare as defined in claims 1, 5 and 6; and Rais C1-C6alkyl or benzyl; or wherein A is CH; R2ais cyclopropyl; R2bis trifluoromethyl; and Rais C1-C6alkyl or benzyl; or wherein A is CH; R2ais cyclopropyl; R2bis trifluoromethyl; and Rais methyl or benzyl.

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