Leather material, and preparation method therefor and use thereof

Abstract

Provided in the present invention are a leather material, and a preparation method therefor and the use thereof. The leather material comprises a base material and a surface layer present on at least one side of the surface of the base material, wherein the surface layer comprises a cross-linked product of a first polymer. The first polymer comprises a fluorine-containing polymer, and the fluorine-containing polymer comprises one or more of a first fluorine-containing copolymer, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyperfluorinated ethylene propylene and a second fluorine-containing copolymer, wherein the first fluorine-containing copolymer is a copolymer formed by copolymerizing chlorotrifluoroethylene and vinyl ether; and the second fluorine-containing copolymer is a copolymer formed by copolymerizing at least two monomers of tetrafluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene and vinylidene fluoride. The present invention can improve properties, such as stain resistance, wear resistance and weather resistance, of a leather material.

Description

A leather material, its preparation method and application

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202410741150.1, filed on June 7, 2024, entitled "A Leather Material and Its Preparation Method and Application", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This invention relates to a leather material, its preparation method, and its application, belonging to the field of leather materials. Background Technology

[0003] Synthetic leather is a substitute for natural leather. It is mainly composed of synthetic resin (coating) and substrate (base fabric) through coating, bonding and other methods. Common synthetic leathers include PVC artificial leather, PU synthetic leather, microfiber leather, and silicone synthetic leather. However, existing synthetic leather materials generally have problems such as poor stain resistance and weather resistance. In particular, light-colored leather has poor stain resistance and its application is limited.

[0004] For example, the leather used in automotive interior soft-touch materials is mostly PVC leather, PU leather, or microfiber leather. Because the leather film-forming material itself is active and its microscopic structure is porous after film formation, the surface has wettability and adhesion. Dirt components can accumulate on the textured surface or penetrate and combine, especially light-colored leather where dirt is obvious.

[0005] In addition, silicone synthetic leather (silicone leather) is a new type of synthetic leather that has emerged in recent years. Its stain resistance, hydrolysis resistance, and aging resistance are superior to traditional synthetic leather materials such as PVC artificial leather, PU synthetic leather, and microfiber leather to a certain extent. However, silicone synthetic leather still generally suffers from problems such as poor abrasion resistance, easy dust absorption, and poor adhesion. Specifically, silicone synthetic leather is mainly composed of a base fabric (woven fabric, knitted fabric, non-woven fabric, etc.), a bottom layer (silicone resin), and a top layer (silicone resin). Due to factors such as the low degree of cross-linking between silicone resin chains, silicone synthetic leather has poor abrasion resistance and is prone to wear and scratches. At the same time, the surface inertness of silicone synthetic leather is relatively high, resulting in poor secondary processing properties. It is difficult to perform screen printing, bonding, and other processing on its surface, which limits the application of silicone synthetic leather.

[0006] Faced with increasingly complex application scenarios, conventional synthetic leather is finding it increasingly difficult to meet diverse needs, especially in applications requiring high performance in terms of stain resistance and abrasion resistance, such as consumer electronics and automotive seats. Conventional leather materials (artificial and synthetic leather) are insufficient to meet these requirements, particularly light-colored leathers, whose limited stain resistance can negatively impact the product experience. Therefore, developing new leather materials that simultaneously improve stain resistance, ease of cleaning, and weather resistance remains a pressing technical challenge for those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention provides a leather material, its preparation method, and its application, which can improve the leather material's stain resistance, ease of cleaning, and weather resistance, effectively overcoming the shortcomings of existing technologies.

[0008] In one aspect, the present invention provides a leather material comprising a substrate and a surface layer present on at least one side of the substrate, the surface layer comprising a crosslinked product of a first polymer, the first polymer comprising a fluoropolymer, the fluoropolymer comprising one or more of a first fluorinated copolymer, polyvinylidene fluoride, perfluoroethylene propylene, and a second fluorinated copolymer; the first fluorinated copolymer being a copolymer of trifluorochloroethylene and vinyl ether; and the second fluorinated copolymer being a copolymer of at least two monomers selected from tetrafluoroethylene, trifluorochloroethylene, and vinylidene fluoride.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first fluorinated copolymer comprises an alternating copolymer formed by copolymerization of trifluorochloroethylene and vinyl ether.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the crosslinking product of the first polymer is a crosslinking product formed by the first polymer in the presence of a first crosslinking agent, the first crosslinking agent comprising a primary crosslinking agent and a crosslinking aid, the primary crosslinking agent comprising one or more of oxygen, hexamethylene diisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, and isophorone diisocyanate, and the crosslinking aid comprising zinc oxide.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first polymer further includes an aqueous polyurethane; and / or, the first polymer further includes an acrylic resin and / or an epoxy resin; and / or, at least a portion of the first polymer contains acrylic groups and / or epoxy groups.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the surface layer contains a first additive, the first additive including one or more of a first pigment, a first filler, a crosslinking aid, and a first leveling agent; the first pigment includes one or more of carbon black, titanium dioxide, and azo dyes; the first filler includes one or more of talc, barium sulfate, and silica; the crosslinking aid includes zinc oxide; and the first leveling agent includes a polysiloxane leveling agent.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the surface layer is 0.03 mm to 0.06 mm.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the surface layer has a textured surface on the side opposite to the substrate.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the surface layer is the surface layer of the leather material, or the leather material further includes a surface treatment layer located on the side of the surface layer opposite to the substrate.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the surface treatment layer is 0.01 mm to 0.04 mm; and / or, the surface treatment layer comprises a crosslinked product of a second polymer, wherein the second polymer comprises one or more of fluorocarbon resin materials, fluoroether siloxanes, and polyurethane materials.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the substrate includes a foamed layer.

[0018] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the foamed layer is 0.06 mm to 0.1 mm; and / or, the foamed layer comprises a crosslinked product of a third polymer, wherein the third polymer comprises one or more of fluoroolefin copolymers, polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, and silicone resin.

[0019] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the substrate further includes a base fabric layer located on the side of the foam layer opposite to the surface layer, and an adhesive layer located between the base fabric layer and the foam layer.

[0020] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the adhesive layer comprises a crosslinked product of a fourth polymer, the fourth polymer comprising one or more of fluorocarbon resin, polyvinylidene fluoride, perfluoroethylene propylene, fluoroolefin copolymer, polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, and silicone resin; and / or, the base fabric layer comprises woven fabric and / or nonwoven fabric.

[0021] In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned leather material, comprising the following steps: forming the surface layer on the surface of at least one side of the substrate to obtain the leather material; wherein the process of forming the surface layer on the surface of at least one side of the substrate comprises: applying a first slurry containing the first polymer to the surface of at least one side of the substrate, and then curing it to form the surface layer on the surface of at least one side of the substrate.

[0022] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first slurry comprises the following components by mass fraction: 60% to 70% of an emulsion containing the fluoropolymer, 10% to 30% of an aqueous polyurethane, 5% to 10% of a pigment, 1% to 5% of an inorganic filler, 0.5% to 1.5% of zinc oxide, and 15% to 30% of water; and / or, the curing process is carried out in air; and / or, the curing process comprises: applying the first slurry containing the first polymer to at least one surface of the substrate, and then drying it sequentially at a first temperature and a second temperature to form the surface layer on at least one surface of the substrate, thereby obtaining the leather material; wherein the second temperature is higher than the first temperature.

[0023] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first temperature is 50-70°C; and / or, the drying time at the first temperature is 10-20 min; and / or, the second temperature is 70-90°C; and / or, the drying time at the second temperature is 50-70 min.

[0024] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the substrate includes a base fabric layer, and the surface layer has a texture on the side of the surface opposite to the substrate; the process of forming the surface layer on at least one side of the substrate includes steps S101 to S103: S101, providing a release paper with a leather texture structure; S102, forming the surface layer on the side of the release paper with the leather texture structure; wherein, the surface layer has a texture adapted to the leather texture structure of the release paper on the side of the release paper facing the release paper; S103, attaching the base fabric layer to the side of the surface layer opposite to the release paper, peeling off the release paper, and obtaining the leather material; or, the process of forming the surface layer on at least one side of the substrate includes the following steps S201 to S202: S201, forming the surface layer on the base fabric layer; S202, embossing the texture on the side of the surface layer opposite to the base fabric layer to obtain the leather material.

[0025] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the substrate further includes an adhesive layer. In step S103, the process of bonding the base fabric layer to the surface of the surface layer opposite to the release paper includes: forming the adhesive layer on the surface of the surface layer opposite to the release paper; and bonding the base fabric layer to the surface of the adhesive layer opposite to the surface layer. In step S202, the process of forming the surface layer on the base fabric layer includes: forming the adhesive layer on the base fabric layer; and forming the surface layer on the surface of the adhesive layer opposite to the base fabric layer. The substrate further includes foaming. In step S103, the process of forming the adhesive layer on the surface of the surface layer away from the release paper includes: after forming the foam layer on the surface of the surface layer away from the release paper, forming the adhesive layer on the surface of the foam layer away from the surface layer; in step S202, the process of forming the surface layer on the surface of the adhesive layer away from the base fabric layer includes: after forming the foam layer on the surface of the adhesive layer away from the base fabric layer, forming the surface layer on the surface of the foam layer away from the base fabric layer.

[0026] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the leather material further includes a surface treatment layer; in step S104, after peeling off the release paper, a surface treatment layer is formed on the surface of the surface layer on the side opposite to the base fabric layer to obtain the leather material; in step S203, after the texture is embossed on the surface of the surface layer on the side opposite to the base fabric layer to form the texture, the surface treatment layer is formed on the surface of the surface layer on the side opposite to the base fabric layer to obtain the leather material.

[0027] In another aspect, the present invention provides a finished product comprising the aforementioned leather material.

[0028] In this invention, a specific organic fluorine material (first polymer) is used as the surface layer of the leather material. Utilizing the excellent stain resistance, cleanability, and weather resistance of the organic fluorine material, the leather material (organic fluorine leather) achieves superior stain resistance, easy cleaning, and long service life, meeting increasingly diverse needs. It is particularly suitable for light-colored stain-resistant leather applications (i.e., the leather material of this invention can be light-colored leather). Simultaneously, the surface layer formed by the organic fluorine material is firmly adhered to the substrate, giving the leather material good structural stability and other properties. The layers (such as the surface layer and the substrate) have high bonding strength (peel strength), meeting the peel force requirements of synthetic leather.

[0029] Furthermore, compared to conventional synthetic leathers such as silicone synthetic leather, the surface layer of the leather material of the present invention has good processability. For example, a surface treatment layer can be formed on the surface of the surface layer to further adjust the surface properties of the leather material. The surface layer and the surface treatment layer have good adhesion, which can avoid the problems of poor adhesion between conventional synthetic leather surface layers and surface treatment layers, as well as the difficulty in simultaneously achieving adhesion, abrasion resistance, and stain resistance.

[0030] Therefore, the present invention provides a novel leather material, which is an organic fluorine leather material (organic fluorine composite material) with a comfortable leather touch and texture, while also possessing good stain resistance, weather resistance, anti-fouling properties, structural stability, and good processability, which is conducive to practical industrial applications. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the fluorine element arrangement in an organofluorine material according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a leather material according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of leather material according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of leather material according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of leather material according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1: Surface layer; 2: Surface treatment layer; 3: Foaming layer; 4: Adhesive layer; 5: Base fabric layer. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below. The specific embodiments listed below are merely descriptions of the principles and features of the present invention, and the examples are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] This invention provides a leather material, as shown in Figures 2 to 5. The leather material includes a substrate and a surface layer 1 present on at least one side of the substrate. The surface layer 1 includes a crosslinking product of a first polymer. The first polymer includes a fluoropolymer, which includes one or more of a first fluorinated copolymer, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), perfluoroethylene propylene (FEP), and a second fluorinated copolymer. The first fluorinated copolymer is a copolymer of chlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE) and vinyl ether (VE). The second fluorinated copolymer (fluoroolefin copolymer) is a copolymer of at least two monomers selected from tetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), chlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE), and vinylidene fluoride (VDF).

[0039] In this embodiment of the invention, the above-mentioned organic fluorine material (fluoropolymer) has good film-forming and adhesive properties. It can be used as a film-forming material (film-forming agent) and adhesive material to form surface layer 1, while improving the adhesion (bonding strength) between surface layer 1 and substrate and other film layers. At the same time, the above-mentioned organic fluorine material also has good stain resistance, cleanability and weather resistance. By using the above-mentioned organic fluorine material to form surface layer 1 of leather material, the leather material (organic fluorine leather) can achieve excellent stain resistance, easy cleaning and long service life. At the same time, the surface layer 1 formed by organic fluorine material is firmly attached to the substrate, so that the leather material also has good structural stability and other properties. The film layers (such as between surface layer 1 and substrate) have high bonding strength, which meets the peel force requirements of synthetic leather (leather material).

[0040] According to the inventor's research and analysis, the above-mentioned organic fluorine material (or fluororesin) has the characteristics of high CF bond energy, short bond range, and strong inertness. Fluorine (F) is helically symmetrically distributed around the CC main chain, protecting the main chain from damage. Therefore, the above-mentioned organic fluorine material and the surface layer 1 formed therefrom have advantages such as high stability, good stain resistance, and easy cleaning, which can achieve excellent stain resistance of light-colored synthetic leather. At the same time, the organic fluorine material and the surface layer 1 formed therefrom have good weather resistance and chemical resistance, which can meet the requirements of longer service life and high frequency of wiping of leather materials.

[0041] Specifically, Table 1 shows the bond energies of common main chain chemical bonds. As can be seen from Table 1, compared with the common main chain chemical bonds of polymer materials (main chain chemical bonds are C-C bonds) and organosilicon synthetic leather materials (main chain chemical bonds have Si-O bonds), the CF bonds of the organofluorine materials in this embodiment of the invention are short and have high bond energies (CF bond energies can reach up to about 500 KJ / mol (about 497 KJ / mol in Table 1), which is close to the energy of a 220 nm photon (the photodegradation wavelength is about 220 nm, while the proportion of light with a wavelength of about 220 nm in sunlight is very low). Therefore, the above-mentioned organofluorine materials and the surface layer 1 formed therefrom have good weather resistance, which makes the leather material have good weather resistance and can improve the service life of the leather material.

[0042] Meanwhile, according to the inventor's research and analysis, in the above-mentioned organofluorine materials, adjacent F atoms in the molecular chain repel each other, and the F atoms are distributed in a spiral pattern in the carbon chain, which can protect the stability of the C-C bonds. Therefore, the above-mentioned organofluorine materials and the surface layer 1 formed therefrom have high chemical resistance, further ensuring the weather resistance and service life of the leather materials. In addition, in the above-mentioned organofluorine materials, the fluorine polarizability is low, and it is symmetrically distributed in the carbon chain. Therefore, the organofluorine materials have strong film-forming inertness, which makes the organofluorine materials and the surface layer 1 formed therefrom have strong stain resistance and easy cleaning properties.

[0043] Taking the second fluorinated copolymer copolymerized from monomers such as PTFE as an example, Figure 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of the helical symmetrical distribution of fluorine elements in PTFE around the CC main chain. It can be seen that adjacent F atoms in the molecular chain repel each other, and F atoms are distributed in a helical pattern in the carbon chain, which can protect the stability of the CC bond. This makes the organic fluorine material and the surface layer 1 formed therefrom have high chemical resistance, further ensuring the weather resistance and service life of the leather material. At the same time, the fluorine polarizability in the organic fluorine material is low, and it is symmetrically distributed in the carbon chain, which makes the film-forming inertness of the organic fluorine material strong. This makes the organic fluorine material and the surface layer 1 formed therefrom have strong stain resistance and easy cleaning properties.

[0044] Table 1 Common main-chain chemical bonds, their bond energies, and photodegradation wavelengths.

[0045] According to further research by the inventors, when the first polymer includes the first fluorinated copolymer, it can further improve the film-forming hardness and other properties of the surface layer 1, thereby further optimizing the performance of the leather material.

[0046] Specifically, the first fluorinated copolymer (fluorocarbon resin (FEVE)) is a copolymer formed from CTFE monomer and VE monomer, and may specifically include alternating copolymers formed by copolymerization of CTFE and VE.

[0047] In this embodiment of the invention, the first polymer is the main film-forming agent (organic fluorine film-forming agent) of the surface layer 1. The crosslinking product of the first polymer is a crosslinking product formed by the first polymer in the presence of the first crosslinking agent, that is, the first polymer crosslinks to form a crosslinking product under the action of the first crosslinking agent.

[0048] The first crosslinking agent may include a main crosslinking agent, which may include one or more of oxygen, hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), toluene diisocyanate (TDI), and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), which facilitates the crosslinking of the first polymer to form the crosslinked product of the first polymer, thereby improving the weather resistance, stain resistance, and abrasion resistance of the leather material.

[0049] Furthermore, the first crosslinking agent may also include a crosslinking aid, which may include zinc oxide. When the first crosslinking agent includes a crosslinking aid, it is beneficial to improve the crosslinking reaction efficiency of the first polymer and improve the film formation efficiency of the surface layer 1.

[0050] In addition, the first polymer may also include polyurethane, specifically aqueous polyurethane. Polyurethane serves as a film-forming agent. When the first polymer includes polyurethane, it is beneficial to improve the toughness and other properties of the surface layer 1.

[0051] In addition, in some embodiments, the first polymer may also include acrylic resin and / or epoxy resin, that is, acrylic resin and / or epoxy resin may be doped into the first polymer, which can further improve the film hardness and abrasion resistance of the surface layer 1, thereby further improving the hardness and abrasion resistance of the leather material.

[0052] Furthermore, in some embodiments, at least a portion of the first polymer contains acrylic groups and / or epoxy groups, which may be grafted onto the side chains of the first polymer (i.e., at least a portion of the side chains of the first polymer are grafted with acrylic groups and / or epoxy groups). By grafting acrylic and / or epoxy segments onto the first polymer, it is beneficial to further improve the wear resistance and other properties of the formed surface layer 1.

[0053] In some specific embodiments, the second fluorinated copolymer may be grafted with acrylic or epoxy groups, which is beneficial to further improve the weather resistance, stain resistance and abrasion resistance of leather materials.

[0054] Specifically, in the first polymer, the total mass content of fluorinated polymers (such as the first fluorinated copolymer, PVDF, FEP, the second fluorinated copolymer, etc.) is greater than the total mass content of non-fluorinated polymers (such as polyurethane, acrylic resin, epoxy resin, etc.). The ratio of the total mass of non-fluorinated polymers (the sum of the masses of all non-fluorinated polymers) to the total mass of fluorinated polymers (the sum of the masses of all fluorinated polymers) can be less than 50%, for example, a range of 0%, 1%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, or any two of these.

[0055] In addition, the surface layer 1 may contain or not contain a first additive, which may include one or more of the following: a first pigment, a first filler, the crosslinking additive mentioned above, and a first leveling agent.

[0056] The first pigment is used to impart a specific color effect to the surface layer 1. The first pigment may specifically include one or more of carbon black, titanium dioxide, azo dyes, etc.

[0057] The first filler may include inorganic fillers, specifically one or more of talc, barium sulfate, and silicon dioxide (SiO2).

[0058] Specifically, the first filler may include one or more of a first hardness improver, a first toughness improver, and a first wear-resistant agent. The first hardness improver can improve the hardness of the surface layer 1, thereby improving the hardness and other properties of the leather material. The first hardness improver includes, for example, carbon black and / or barium sulfate. The first toughness improver is used to improve the toughness of the surface layer 1, thereby further improving the surface toughness and other properties of the leather material. The first toughness improver includes, for example, SiO2 and / or barium sulfate. The first wear-resistant agent is used to improve the wear resistance of the surface layer 1, thereby further improving the wear resistance of the leather material. The first wear-resistant agent includes, for example, carbon black and / or titanium dioxide.

[0059] When carbon black is present in the surface layer 1, the carbon black acts as the first pigment to impart a certain color effect to the surface layer 1, and at the same time acts as the first hardness improver and the first wear-resistant aid to improve the hardness and wear resistance of the surface layer 1.

[0060] When the surface layer 1 contains titanium dioxide, the titanium dioxide acts as the first pigment to impart a certain color effect to the surface layer 1, and at the same time acts as the first wear-resistant additive to improve the wear resistance and other properties of the surface layer 1.

[0061] When surface layer 1 contains barium sulfate, barium sulfate acts as the first hardness improver and the first toughness improver, improving the hardness and toughness of surface layer 1.

[0062] In this embodiment of the invention, silicon dioxide may specifically include nano-silicon dioxide, that is, its particle size is in the nanometer range.

[0063] In addition, the first leveling agent is used to improve the flowability of the first slurry used to form the surface layer 1, making it smoother during the coating process to form the surface layer 1, thereby making the formed surface layer 1 smoother and having better uniformity and other properties. The first leveling agent may specifically include a polysiloxane leveling agent.

[0064] Specifically, the surface layer 1 can be prepared by a solvent-containing coating method or a solvent-free coating method, preferably by a solvent-containing coating method. That is, the surface layer 1 can be formed by cross-linking and curing a first slurry containing components such as a first polymer and a first solvent. In other words, the first slurry can be coated on at least one side of the substrate, and then cured (or cross-linked cured) to form the surface layer 1 on at least one side of the substrate, thus obtaining the leather material. The preparation process of the leather material is described in detail below and will not be repeated here.

[0065] Furthermore, the thickness of the surface layer 1 can be 0.03 mm to 0.06 mm, for example, 0.03 mm, 0.04 mm, 0.05 mm, 0.06 mm or any combination thereof.

[0066] Furthermore, the surface of surface layer 1 facing away from the substrate can have a texture, i.e., surface layer 1 is an organic fluorine textured layer, which can impart a textured effect to the leather material. This texture can be a conventional leather texture (grain structure) in the art, such as cowhide grain, crocodile grain, etc., giving the surface of the leather material a leather texture and feel.

[0067] Specifically, the texture of the surface layer 1 on the side facing away from the substrate layer can be achieved by coating textured paper into a film or by imprinting texture on the surface of surface layer 1 (molding (mold pressing technology), hot pressing, etc.). For example, the process of forming texture by coating textured paper into a film includes: coating the textured surface of the textured paper (release paper with a texture that matches the texture of surface layer 1) with a first slurry for forming surface layer 1, and then curing the first slurry into surface layer 1, so that surface layer 1 forms a texture that matches the texture of the textured paper.

[0068] In some embodiments, the surface layer 1 can be the surface layer of leather material, that is, the surface layer 1 has no other coating on the side facing away from the substrate. By using the above-mentioned surface layer 1 as the surface layer of leather material, the good stain resistance, easy cleaning and long service life of leather material can be improved.

[0069] In other embodiments, the leather material may further include a surface treatment layer 2 located on the side of the surface layer 1 facing away from the substrate. By providing the surface treatment layer 2 on the surface layer 1, the stain resistance, cleanability, and weather resistance of the leather material can be improved, and the surface properties of the leather material can be further adjusted. For example, the abrasion resistance and scratch resistance of the leather material can be further improved. At the same time, the desired leather feel can be achieved according to needs, resulting in a richer tactile effect and making the leather material more diverse. In addition, the surface layer 1 formed by the above-mentioned organic fluorine material has a high bonding strength with the substrate and good adhesion with the surface treatment layer 2, which can improve the structural stability and other properties of the leather material.

[0070] Relatively speaking, if the thickness of the surface treatment layer 2 is too small, the effect on adjusting the surface properties of the leather material will be limited. If the thickness of the surface treatment layer 2 is too large, it will affect the texture effect of the surface layer 1 in the leather material. Therefore, taking these factors into consideration, the thickness of the surface treatment layer 2 is preferably 0.01mm to 0.04mm, for example, 0.01mm, 0.02mm, 0.03mm, 0.04mm or any combination thereof.

[0071] In this embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figures 2 to 5, the substrate may include a base fabric layer 5, which may include woven fabric and / or nonwoven fabric.

[0072] In addition, as shown in Figures 3 to 5, the substrate may also include an adhesive layer 4 located between the base fabric layer 5 and the surface layer 1, which can further improve the bonding strength between the surface layer 1 and the film layers such as the substrate.

[0073] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 3 to 5, the base fabric layer 5, the adhesive layer 4, and the surface layer 1 are stacked sequentially and in direct contact. That is, the base fabric layer 5 and the adhesive layer 4 are in direct contact, and there are no other film layers or other structures between them. At the same time, the adhesive layer 4 and the surface layer 1 are in direct contact, and there are no other film layers or other structures between them. In this case, the substrate is composed of the base fabric layer 5 and the adhesive layer 4. The adhesive layer 4 is disposed on the side of the base fabric layer 5 facing the surface layer 1. The surface layer 1 is bonded to the base fabric layer 5 through the adhesive layer 4, which can improve the bonding strength between the surface layer 1 and the base fabric layer 5.

[0074] In addition, as shown in Figures 4 and 5, the above-mentioned substrate may also include a foam layer 3 (or a feel layer), a base fabric layer 5, a foam layer 3 and a surface layer 1 stacked together. By setting a soft foam layer 3, the leather material can be given a soft texture, so that the leather material has the properties of softness, lightweight, good stain resistance and weather resistance.

[0075] Specifically, the thickness of the foam layer 3 can be 0.06 mm to 0.1 mm, for example, 0.06 mm, 0.07 mm, 0.08 mm, 0.09 mm, 0.1 mm or any combination thereof.

[0076] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 4 and 5, the foam layer 3 is located between the base fabric layer 5 and the surface layer 1 (the base fabric layer 5 is located on the side of the foam layer 3 facing away from the surface layer 1), specifically between the adhesive layer 4 and the surface layer 1. The foam layer 3 is bonded to the base fabric layer 5 through the adhesive layer 4 (the adhesive layer 4 is located between the base fabric layer 5 and the foam layer 3). That is, the leather material includes the base fabric layer 5, the adhesive layer 4, the foam layer 3 and the surface layer 1 stacked in sequence.

[0077] Furthermore, as shown in Figures 4 and 5, the foam layer 3 and the surface layer 1 can be in direct contact, meaning there are no other membrane layers or other structures between them.

[0078] Specifically, the surface layer 2 may include a crosslinked product of a second polymer, which may include one or more of fluorocarbon resin materials, fluoroether siloxanes, and polyurethane materials.

[0079] In some embodiments, the surface treatment layer 2 may include an organic fluorine surface treatment layer 2, which includes a crosslinked product of a second polymer, wherein the second polymer includes a fluoropolymer, specifically including a fluorocarbon resin material and / or a fluoroether siloxane.

[0080] In addition, the surface treatment layer 2 may or may not contain a second auxiliary agent. The second auxiliary agent may include, for example, the first auxiliary agent mentioned above. For example, the second auxiliary agent may include pigments, including one or more of carbon black, titanium dioxide, azo dyes, etc. When the surface treatment layer 2 contains a second auxiliary agent, the second auxiliary agent in the surface treatment layer 2 may be the same as or different from the first auxiliary agent in the surface layer 1.

[0081] Specifically, the adhesive layer 4 may include a crosslinking product of a fourth polymer, which may include one or more of fluorocarbon resin, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), perfluoroethylene propylene (FEP), fluoroolefin copolymer, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyurethane (PU), and silicone resin. Specifically, the fluorocarbon resin may include a first fluorinated copolymer, and the fluoroolefin copolymer may include a second fluorinated polymer.

[0082] In some embodiments, the adhesive layer 4 includes an organic fluorine adhesive layer 4, which includes a crosslinking product of a fourth polymer, the fourth polymer including one or more fluorine-containing polymers such as a first fluorine-containing copolymer, PVDF, FEP, and a second fluorine-containing polymer.

[0083] Generally, the crosslinking product of the fourth polymer is formed by the fourth polymer in the presence of a fourth crosslinking agent, that is, the fourth polymer crosslinks to form a crosslinking product under the action of the fourth crosslinking agent.

[0084] The fourth crosslinking agent may include one or more of oxygen, hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), toluene diisocyanate (TDI), and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI).

[0085] In addition, the adhesive layer 4 may or may not contain a fourth auxiliary agent. The fourth auxiliary agent may include, for example, the first auxiliary agent mentioned above. For example, the fourth auxiliary agent may include pigments, including one or more of carbon black, titanium dioxide, azo dyes, etc. When the adhesive layer 4 contains a fourth auxiliary agent, the fourth auxiliary agent in the adhesive layer 4 may be the same as or different from the first auxiliary agent in the surface layer 1.

[0086] Specifically, the foam layer 3 may include a crosslinked product of a third polymer, which may include one or more of fluoroolefin copolymers, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyurethane (PU), and silicone resins. The fluoroolefin copolymer may include, for example, a second fluorinated copolymer.

[0087] In some embodiments, the foam layer 3 includes an organic fluorine foam layer 3, which includes a crosslinked product of a third polymer, the third polymer including a second fluorine copolymer or other fluorine-containing polymers.

[0088] Generally, the cross-linking product of the third polymer is formed by the third polymer in the presence of a third cross-linking agent, that is, the third polymer cross-links to form a cross-linking product under the action of the third cross-linking agent.

[0089] The third crosslinking agent may include one or more of oxygen, hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), toluene diisocyanate (TDI), and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI).

[0090] In addition, the foaming layer 3 may or may not contain a third auxiliary agent. The third auxiliary agent may include, for example, the first auxiliary agent mentioned above. For example, the third auxiliary agent may include pigments, including one or more of carbon black, titanium dioxide, azo dyes, etc. When the foaming layer 3 contains a third auxiliary agent, the third auxiliary agent in the foaming layer 3 may be the same as or different from the first auxiliary agent in the surface layer 1.

[0091] In this embodiment of the invention, the leather material can be cut to form a cross-section (which is substantially parallel to the thickness direction of the leather material), and then the cross-section can be observed under a microscope. Based on the differences in the color, shape and other characteristics of each film layer, the film structure of the leather material and the thickness of each film layer can be obtained.

[0092] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned leather material, comprising the following steps: forming a surface layer 1 on at least one side of a substrate to obtain a leather material; wherein, the process of forming a surface layer 1 on at least one side of a substrate comprises: applying a first slurry containing the first polymer to at least one side of a substrate and then curing it to form a surface layer 1 on at least one side of a substrate.

[0093] Specifically, the first slurry may contain one or more of the following components: a first crosslinking agent, a first initiator, a first auxiliary agent, a first emulsifier, and a first leveling agent, or may not contain these components. The first initiator is used to initiate the polymerization reaction (or crosslinking reaction, curing reaction) of the first polymer and other components in the first slurry, causing them to crosslink and form a crosslinked product of the first polymer, thus obtaining the surface layer 1.

[0094] Specifically, the first slurry includes a solvent for dispersing components such as the first polymer to form the first slurry. The first solvent may include water, specifically deionized water.

[0095] In some embodiments, the first slurry includes an emulsion containing a fluoropolymer, an aqueous polyurethane, a first pigment, a first filler, a crosslinking agent, and water.

[0096] Further, the first slurry may include the following components by mass fraction: 60% to 70% of an emulsion containing a fluoropolymer, 10% to 30% of waterborne polyurethane, 5% to 10% of pigment, 1% to 5% of inorganic filler, 0.5% to 1.5% of zinc oxide, and the balance being water, wherein the water mass fraction may specifically be 15% to 30%.

[0097] For example, the mass fraction of the emulsion containing fluoropolymers in the first slurry (i.e., the mass ratio of the emulsion containing fluoropolymers to the first slurry) can be 60%, 62%, 65%, 68%, 70%, or any two of these.

[0098] For example, the mass fraction of waterborne polyurethane in the first slurry (the mass ratio of waterborne polyurethane to the first slurry) can be, for example, a range of 10%, 12%, 15%, 18%, 20%, 23%, 25%, 28%, 30%, or any combination thereof.

[0099] Specifically, the emulsion containing the fluoropolymer contains water, the fluoropolymer is dispersed in the water and forms an emulsion, and the emulsion containing the fluoropolymer may specifically include an aqueous fluorocarbon resin emulsion containing a first fluoropolymer.

[0100] Furthermore, the aforementioned crosslinking and curing process can be carried out in an oxygen-containing atmosphere, such as in air (i.e., the oxygen-containing atmosphere is air). In this way, the oxygen in the air acts as the first crosslinking agent, causing the first polymer to crosslink and form a crosslinked product of the first polymer, thereby forming a surface layer 1 on the surface of the substrate.

[0101] In some embodiments, the curing process may include: applying a first slurry containing the first polymer to at least one side of the surface of the substrate, and then drying it sequentially at a first temperature and a second temperature to form a surface layer 1 on at least one side of the surface of the substrate, thereby obtaining a leather material; wherein the second temperature is higher than the first temperature. This initial drying at a low temperature (first temperature) (low-temperature curing) helps ensure the uniformity of the formed surface layer 1, and the subsequent drying at a high temperature (second temperature) (high-temperature curing) facilitates the complete curing of the first polymer and other components in the first slurry, thus forming the surface layer 1.

[0102] Specifically, the first temperature can be 50 to 70°C, for example, a range of 50°C, 53°C, 55°C, 58°C, 60°C, 63°C, 65°C, 68°C, 70°C, or any combination thereof.

[0103] Specifically, the second temperature can be 70 to 90°C, for example, a range of 70°C, 73°C, 75°C, 78°C, 80°C, 83°C, 85°C, 88°C, 90°C, or any combination thereof.

[0104] Specifically, the difference between the first temperature and the second temperature can be 10 to 30°C, for example, a range of 10°C, 13°C, 15°C, 18°C, 20°C, 23°C, 25°C, 28°C, 30°C, or any two of these ranges.

[0105] Furthermore, the drying time at the second temperature can be longer than the drying time at the first temperature.

[0106] Specifically, the drying time at the first temperature can be 10 to 20 minutes, for example, a range of 10 minutes, 13 minutes, 15 minutes, 18 minutes, 20 minutes, or any combination thereof.

[0107] Specifically, the drying time at the second temperature is 50 to 70 minutes, for example, a range of 50 minutes, 53 minutes, 55 minutes, 58 minutes, 60 minutes, 63 minutes, 65 minutes, 68 minutes, 70 minutes, or any combination thereof.

[0108] Specifically, as shown in Figures 2 to 5, the substrate includes a base fabric layer 5 and a surface layer 1 with a textured surface on the side opposite to the substrate.

[0109] In some embodiments, the process of forming surface layer 1 on at least one side of the substrate includes steps S101 to S103:

[0110] S101, Provide release paper with a leather-textured structure;

[0111] S102. A surface layer 1 is formed on the side of the release paper with a leather texture structure; wherein, the surface layer 1 has a texture adapted to the leather texture structure of the release paper on the side facing the release paper.

[0112] S103. The base fabric layer 5 is attached to the surface of the surface layer 1 on the side opposite to the release paper, and the release paper is peeled off to obtain the leather material.

[0113] In some other embodiments, the process of forming surface layer 1 on at least one side of the substrate includes the following steps S201 to S202:

[0114] S201. Form a surface layer 1 on the base fabric layer 5;

[0115] S202. A texture is embossed on the surface of the surface layer 1 on the side opposite to the base fabric layer 5 to obtain leather material.

[0116] In addition, as shown in Figures 2 to 5, the substrate may also include an adhesive layer 4. In step S103, the process of bonding the base fabric layer 5 to the surface of the surface layer 1 away from the release paper includes: forming an adhesive layer 4 on the surface of the surface layer 1 away from the release paper; bonding the base fabric layer 5 to the surface of the adhesive layer 4 away from the surface layer 1. In step S202, the process of forming the surface layer 1 on the base fabric layer 5 includes: forming an adhesive layer 4 on the base fabric layer 5; and forming the surface layer 1 on the surface of the adhesive layer 4 away from the base fabric layer 5.

[0117] In some embodiments, the adhesive layer 4 and the surface layer 1 are in direct contact, and there are no other film layers or other structures between them (as shown in Figure 3). In this case, in step S103, the adhesive layer 4 is formed directly on the surface layer 1; in step S202, the surface layer 1 is formed directly on the adhesive layer 4.

[0118] Furthermore, as shown in Figures 4 and 5, the substrate may also include a foam layer 3. In this case, the process of forming the adhesive layer 4 on the side of the surface layer 1 opposite to the release paper in step S103 may include: forming the foam layer 3 on the side of the surface layer 1 opposite to the release paper, and then forming the adhesive layer 4 on the side of the foam layer 3 opposite to the surface layer 1; the process of forming the surface layer 1 on the side of the adhesive layer 4 opposite to the base fabric layer 5 in step S202 may include: forming the foam layer 3 on the side of the adhesive layer 4 opposite to the base fabric layer 5, and then forming the surface layer 1 on the side of the foam layer 3 opposite to the base fabric layer 5.

[0119] In practice, the first slurry can be applied to the substrate of the release paper (step S102), adhesive layer 4 (step S202), or foaming layer 3 (step S202) waiting to form the surface layer 1, and then cured to form the surface layer 1.

[0120] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 5, the leather material may also include a surface treatment layer 2. In this case, in step S103, after peeling off the release paper, a surface treatment layer 2 is formed on the surface of the surface layer 1 on the side opposite to the base fabric layer 5 to obtain the leather material; in step S202, after embossing a texture on the surface of the surface layer 1 on the side opposite to the base fabric layer 5, a surface treatment layer 2 is formed on the surface of the surface layer 1 on the side opposite to the base fabric layer 5 to obtain the leather material.

[0121] In this embodiment of the invention, unless otherwise specified, the above-mentioned base fabric layer 5, adhesive layer 4, foam layer 3, surface treatment layer 2 and other film layers can be formed by conventional methods in the art, and the process of imprinting to form textures can also be a conventional process in the art, and there is no particular limitation thereto.

[0122] For example, the surface treatment layer 2 can be formed by curing a second slurry containing a second polymer and a second solvent for dispersing the second polymer. Specifically, the second slurry can be applied to the surface layer 1 (the surface of the surface layer 1 facing away from the substrate), and then cured to form the surface treatment layer 2. The second slurry may also contain one or more of a second emulsifier, a second crosslinking agent, and a second additive (such as a pigment), or may not contain these components.

[0123] For example, the foam layer 3 can be cured from a third slurry containing a third polymer and a third solvent that disperses the third polymer. The third slurry may also contain one or more of a third emulsifier, a third crosslinking agent, a third auxiliary agent (such as pigments), an initiator, etc., or may not contain these components.

[0124] In this embodiment of the invention, the foamed layer 3 has a cell structure. The foamed layer 3 can be formed by physical action or by foaming aid. That is, during the formation of the foamed layer 3, the cell structure can be formed by physical action, or by adding a foaming aid to the material used to form the foamed layer 3 and forming a cell structure in the foamed layer 3 based on the foaming aid. These foaming processes are all conventional operations in the art and are not particularly limited.

[0125] For example, adhesive layer 4 can be cured from a fourth slurry containing a fourth polymer and a fourth solvent for dispersing the fourth polymer and other components. The fourth slurry may also contain one or more of a fourth crosslinking agent, a fourth auxiliary agent (such as pigments), or may not contain these components.

[0126] For example, in the process of preparing leather material through steps S101 to S104, after applying a first slurry for forming surface layer 1 to the surface of the release paper with a leather texture, the first slurry is cured or semi-cured, and then a fourth slurry for forming adhesive layer 4 is applied. After bonding the base fabric layer 5, it is then cured and molded to obtain leather material; or, after applying a first slurry for forming surface layer 1 to the surface of the release paper with a leather texture, the first slurry is cured or semi-cured, and then a third slurry for forming foam layer 3 is applied. After the third slurry is cured or semi-cured, a fourth slurry for forming adhesive layer 4 is applied. After bonding the base fabric layer 5, it is then cured and molded to obtain leather material. After curing and molding, a second slurry for forming surface treatment layer 2 can be applied to the surface of surface layer 1 facing away from the substrate, and the second slurry is cured to obtain leather material.

[0127] For example, in the process of preparing leather material through steps S201 to S203, a fourth slurry for forming adhesive layer 4 can be applied to the base fabric layer 5, and after the fourth slurry is cured or semi-cured, a first slurry for forming surface layer 1 can be applied, and then cured to obtain leather material; or, after the first slurry is cured or semi-cured, a second slurry for forming surface layer 2 can be applied, and then cured to obtain leather material.

[0128] For example, in the process of preparing leather material through steps S201 to S203, a fourth slurry for forming adhesive layer 4 can be applied to the base fabric layer 5, and after the fourth slurry is cured or semi-cured, a third slurry for forming foam layer 3 can be applied, and after the third slurry is cured or semi-cured, a first slurry for forming surface layer 1 can be applied, and then cured to obtain leather material; or, after the first slurry is cured or semi-cured, a second slurry for forming surface layer 2 can be applied, and then cured to obtain leather material.

[0129] This invention also provides a terminal product comprising the aforementioned leather material, which has advantages corresponding to the aforementioned leather material, and will not be described in detail here.

[0130] In this embodiment of the invention, the terminal product may be an appearance structural component or other terminal equipment containing the appearance structural component, such as vehicles (e.g., yachts, automobiles), home appliances (e.g., furniture, smart home devices), wearable devices, electronic devices, etc.

[0131] The present invention will be further described below through specific embodiments. In the following embodiments, the first fluorinated copolymer used is an alternating copolymer of trifluorochloroethylene (CTFE) and vinyl ether (VE); the base fabric layer 5 is a woven fabric.

[0132] Example 1

[0133] The leather material of this embodiment 1 is shown in Figure 2. It is composed of a base fabric layer 5 and a surface layer 1 (texture layer) stacked together. The preparation process of this leather material is as follows:

[0134] (1) By mass fraction, 65% of waterborne fluorocarbon resin (first fluoropolymer) emulsion, 20% of waterborne polyurethane, 7.5% of titanium dioxide, 3% of talc, 1% of zinc oxide, and the remainder of deionized water are mixed to prepare the first slurry.

[0135] (2) The first slurry is uniformly coated on one side surface of the base fabric layer 5, and the thickness of the wet film (coating thickness) is about 0.05 mm. Then, it is dried at 60°C for 15 min and then dried at 80°C for 60 min, thereby forming a surface layer 1 with a thickness of about 0.04 mm on one side surface of the base fabric layer 5.

[0136] (3) A texture is formed on the side of the surface layer 1 away from the base fabric layer 5 by molding process to obtain leather material.

[0137] The following performance tests were performed on the leather material obtained in Example 1:

[0138] 1. Stain resistance test

[0139] The test sample was tested according to standard GB / T 250-2008. The specific test procedure is as follows: Using a Zebra marker, three lines (contaminants) with a length of 5 cm were drawn on the surface of the leather material; under standard test conditions, the contaminants were left on the surface of the leather material for 30 minutes; then, a wiping cloth with a length of 150 mm and a width of 150 mm was taken, the wiping cloth was soaked in deionized water, and after the wiping cloth was wetted, it was gently wrung out. Then, the wiping cloth was used to wipe the contaminants on the surface of the leather until there was no color transfer on the surface of the wiping cloth. Then, the leather material was placed under standard climate conditions for 24 hours. Then, the gray level of the surface of the leather material was evaluated according to the color change gray scale of GB / T 250-2008 / ISO 105-A02; 1993.

[0140] The results showed that the leather material of Example 1 had a gray level greater than 3 as measured by the above test process, which showed good stain resistance. Its stain resistance was better than that of conventional synthetic leathers such as PVC, PU, ​​and silicone synthetic leather.

[0141] 2. Abrasion resistance test

[0142] The abrasion resistance of leather materials was tested using a Taber abrasion tester (TABER 5135 / 5155 abrasion tester, single-arm load 500g, total 1000g). A CS-17 grinding wheel was used to rub the surface of the leather material at a speed of 60 rpm for a total of 500 cycles. The abrasion resistance level was then evaluated according to the following standards:

[0143] Level 1: No scratches or damage

[0144] Level 2: Defects are not visible to the naked eye, or can only be seen under a magnifying glass.

[0145] Grade 3: Slight discoloration due to abrasion.

[0146] Level 4: Some obvious discoloration can be seen.

[0147] The results showed that the abrasion resistance level of the leather material in Example 1, as measured by the above test process, was Grade 1, which demonstrated good abrasion resistance. Its abrasion resistance was superior to that of conventional synthetic leathers such as PVC, PU, ​​and silicone synthetic leather.

[0148] 3. Weather resistance test

[0149] (1) Before testing, check the appearance of the leather material, take a leather material sample without any abnormal phenomena such as discoloration, bubbles, cracks, or peeling, and wipe the surface of the leather material sample clean with a lint-free cloth.

[0150] (2) Place the leather material sample in a room temperature incubator and adjust the temperature of the incubator to 70°C. The test time is 144h (i.e., place the leather material sample in an incubator at 70°C for 144h). During this period, observe whether any abnormal phenomena occur after 72h (i.e., the intermediate check point is 72h). If there are no abnormal phenomena, continue to place the sample until 144h.

[0151] (3) Then, adjust the temperature to 25°C and keep it at 25°C for 2 hours;

[0152] (4) Remove the leather material sample from the incubator, inspect its appearance, and evaluate the gray level of the leather material surface according to the color-changing gray scale of GB / T 250-2008 / ISO 105-A02;1993.

[0153] The results showed that after the above weather resistance test (steps (1) to (4)), the leather material of Example 1 had no abnormalities on the surface, no serious deformation, discoloration, bubbles or other appearance defects, and the gray level was greater than 4.

[0154] Furthermore, based on Example 1, an adhesive layer 4 is formed between the surface layer 1 and the base fabric layer 5 (the structure of the leather material is shown in Figure 3, Figure 4 or Figure 5), which can improve the stain resistance, abrasion resistance and weather resistance of the leather material, while further improving the bonding strength between the surface layer 1 and the base fabric layer 5.

[0155] Furthermore, based on Example 1, a foam layer 3 (the thickness of the foam layer 3 is about 0.07 mm) is formed between the surface layer 1 and the base fabric layer 5. For example, the leather material includes the base fabric layer 5, the adhesive layer 4, the foam layer 3 and the surface layer 1 stacked in sequence (as shown in Figure 4 or Figure 5), which can improve the stain resistance, abrasion resistance and weather resistance of the leather material, while further improving the softness of the leather material.

[0156] Furthermore, based on Example 1, a surface treatment layer 2 (with a thickness of approximately 0.02 mm) is formed on the side of the surface layer 1 away from the base fabric layer 5. For example, the leather material includes a base fabric layer 5, an adhesive layer 4, a foam layer 3, a surface layer 1, and a surface treatment layer 2 stacked sequentially (as shown in Figure 5). This can improve the stain resistance, abrasion resistance, and weather resistance of the leather material while maintaining a high bonding strength between the surface layer 1 and the surface treatment layer 2, thereby improving the structural stability and other properties of the leather material, and also achieving a richer tactile effect for the leather material.

[0157] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A leather material, characterized by, The invention includes a substrate and a surface layer present on at least one side of the substrate, the surface layer including a crosslinked product of a first polymer, the first polymer including a fluoropolymer, the fluoropolymer including one or more of a first fluorinated copolymer, polyvinylidene fluoride, perfluoroethylene propylene, and a second fluorinated copolymer; The first fluorinated copolymer is a copolymer formed by copolymerizing trifluorochloroethylene and vinyl ether; The second fluorinated copolymer is a copolymer formed by copolymerizing at least two monomers selected from tetrafluoroethylene, trifluorochloroethylene, and vinylidene fluoride.

2. The leather material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first fluorinated copolymer includes an alternating copolymer formed by copolymerizing trifluorochloroethylene and vinyl ether.

3. The leather material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The crosslinking product of the first polymer is a crosslinking product formed by the first polymer in the presence of a first crosslinking agent. The first crosslinking agent includes a primary crosslinking agent and a crosslinking aid. The primary crosslinking agent includes one or more of oxygen, hexamethylene diisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, and isophorone diisocyanate. The crosslinking aid includes zinc oxide.

4. The leather material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first polymer also includes waterborne polyurethane; And / or, the first polymer further includes acrylic resin and / or epoxy resin; And / or, at least a portion of the first polymer contains acrylic groups and / or epoxy groups.

5. The leather material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The surface layer contains a first additive, which includes one or more of a first pigment, a first filler, a crosslinking aid, and a first leveling agent; the first pigment includes one or more of carbon black, titanium dioxide, and azo dyes; the first filler includes one or more of talc, barium sulfate, and silica; the crosslinking aid includes zinc oxide; and the first leveling agent includes a polysiloxane leveling agent.

6. The leather material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The thickness of the surface layer is 0.03 mm to 0.06 mm.

7. The leather material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The surface layer has a textured surface on the side facing away from the substrate.

8. The leather material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The surface layer is the outer layer of the leather material, or the leather material may further include a surface treatment layer located on the side of the surface layer opposite to the substrate.

9. The leather material according to claim 8, characterized in that, The thickness of the surface treatment layer is 0.01 mm to 0.04 mm; And / or, the surface treatment layer includes a crosslinked product of a second polymer, the second polymer including one or more of fluorocarbon resin materials, fluoroether siloxanes, and polyurethane materials.

10. The leather material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The substrate includes a foamed layer.

11. The leather material according to claim 10, characterized in that, The thickness of the foamed layer is 0.06 mm to 0.1 mm; And / or, the foam layer comprises a crosslinked product of a third polymer, the third polymer comprising one or more of fluoroolefin copolymers, polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, and silicone resins.

12. Leather material according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that The substrate further includes a base fabric layer located on the side of the foam layer opposite to the surface layer, and an adhesive layer located between the base fabric layer and the foam layer.

13. The leather material according to claim 12, characterized in that, The adhesive layer includes a crosslinked product of a fourth polymer, which includes one or more of fluorocarbon resin, polyvinylidene fluoride, perfluoroethylene propylene, fluoroolefin copolymer, polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, and silicone resin. And / or, the base fabric layer includes woven fabric and / or nonwoven fabric.

14. A method for the preparation of the leather material according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The leather material is obtained by forming the surface layer on at least one side of the substrate; wherein the process of forming the surface layer on at least one side of the substrate includes: applying a first slurry containing the first polymer to the surface of at least one side of the substrate, and then curing it to form the surface layer on the surface of at least one side of the substrate.

15. The method for preparing leather material according to claim 14, characterized in that, The first slurry comprises the following components by mass fraction: 60% to 70% emulsion containing the fluoropolymer, 10% to 30% aqueous polyurethane, 5% to 10% pigment, 1% to 5% inorganic filler, 0.5% to 1.5% zinc oxide, and 15% to 30% water. And / or, the curing process is carried out in air; And / or, the curing process includes: applying a first slurry containing the first polymer to at least one side of the surface of the substrate, and then drying it sequentially at a first temperature and a second temperature to form the surface layer on at least one side of the surface of the substrate, thereby obtaining the leather material; wherein the second temperature is higher than the first temperature.

16. The method for preparing leather material according to claim 15, characterized in that, The first temperature is 50–70°C; And / or, the drying time at the first temperature is 10 to 20 minutes; And / or, the second temperature is 70–90°C; And / or, the drying time at the second temperature is 50 to 70 minutes.

17. A method of producing a leather material according to any one of claims 14-16, characterized in that, The substrate includes a base fabric layer, and the surface layer has a textured surface on the side opposite to the substrate; The process of forming the surface layer on at least one side of the substrate includes steps S101 to S103: S101, Provide release paper with a leather-textured structure; S102, A surface layer is formed on the side surface of the release paper having the textured structure; wherein the surface layer has a texture adapted to the textured structure of the release paper on the side surface facing the release paper. S103. The base fabric layer is attached to the surface of the surface layer on the side opposite to the release paper, and the release paper is peeled off to obtain the leather material. Alternatively, the process of forming the surface layer on at least one side of the substrate includes the following steps S201 to S202: S201. The surface layer is formed on the base fabric layer; S202, The texture is formed by embossing on the surface of the surface layer on the side opposite to the base fabric layer to obtain the leather material.

18. The method for preparing leather material according to claim 17, characterized in that, The substrate further includes an adhesive layer. In step S103, the process of attaching the base fabric layer to the surface of the surface layer opposite to the release paper includes: forming the adhesive layer on the surface of the surface layer opposite to the release paper; and attaching the base fabric layer to the surface of the adhesive layer opposite to the surface layer. In step S202, the process of forming the surface layer on the base fabric layer includes: forming the adhesive layer on the base fabric layer; and forming the surface layer on the surface of the adhesive layer opposite to the base fabric layer. The substrate further includes a foam layer; in step S103, the process of forming the adhesive layer on the side of the surface layer away from the release paper includes: after forming the foam layer on the side of the surface layer away from the release paper, forming the adhesive layer on the side of the foam layer away from the surface layer. In step S202, the process of forming the surface layer on the side of the adhesive layer away from the base fabric layer includes: after forming the foam layer on the side of the adhesive layer away from the base fabric layer, forming the surface layer on the side of the foam layer away from the base fabric layer.

19. The method of claim 17, wherein the leather material is prepared by, The leather material also includes a surface layer; In step S104, after peeling off the release paper, a surface treatment layer is formed on the surface of the surface layer on the side opposite to the base fabric layer to obtain the leather material; In step S203, after the texture is embossed on the surface of the surface layer away from the base fabric layer, the surface treatment layer is formed on the surface of the surface layer away from the base fabric layer to obtain the leather material.

20. A terminal product, characterized in that Includes the leather material as described in any one of claims 1-11.

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