Communication method and communication apparatus

Abstract

A communication method and a communication apparatus. The method comprises: a second node sends a first measurement frame, and correspondingly, a first node receives the first measurement frame (501), the first measurement frame being used by the first node to obtain a first CFO; the first node sends a second measurement frame, and correspondingly, the second node receives the second measurement frame (502), and the second node acquires a second CFO on the basis of the second measurement frame; the second node sends first indication information to the first node, and correspondingly, the first node receives the first indication information (503), the first indication information indicating the second CFO; and the first node determines the integrity of a measurement result on the basis of the first CFO and the second CFO (504). By means of the method, clock drift attacks can be detected more accurately.

Description

Communication method and communication apparatus

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 202410729377.4, filed on June 5, 2024, with the State Intellectual Property Office of China, and the Chinese patent application No. 202410729377.4 has the title of “Communication method and communication apparatus”, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, in particular to a communication method and a communication apparatus. BACKGROUND

[0003] Clock drift attack can change the carrier frequency of air interface signal in real time through a mixer, without changing the transmitted message itself, so that the carrier frequency offset (CFO) determined by the receiving end according to the received carrier signal is offset, thereby causing a large error in the clock drift obtained based on the CFO.

[0004] In the ranging technology based on the time of flight (TOF) of the measurement pulse, the distance or angle between two nodes can be measured by interacting measurement frames. When there is a clock drift attack, the measured distance between the two nodes will be inaccurate. Therefore, how the node detects the clock drift attack is a problem to be solved. SUMMARY

[0005] Embodiments of the present application provide a communication method and a communication apparatus, which can more accurately detect clock drift attacks.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a communication method, which can be applied to a first node, and the method can be executed by the first node or a component (such as a chip or circuit) of the first node, and the application is not limited in this regard. The method comprises:

[0007] receiving a first measurement frame from a second node, the first measurement frame being used by the first node to obtain a first carrier frequency offset CFO; receiving first indication information from the second node, the first indication information indicating a second CFO, the second CFO being measured by the second node based on a second measurement frame received by the second node; determining the integrity of a measurement result based on the first CFO and the second CFO.

[0008] In the embodiments of the present application, the integrity of the measurement result is used to indicate whether there is an attack (such as a clock drift attack) on the measurement result. In the present application, the "integrity of the measurement result", "whether there is an attack on the measurement result", and "whether there is a clock drift attack" can be described alternatively. That is, the first node determines whether there is an attack on the measurement result based on the first CFO and the second CFO, or the first node determines whether there is a clock drift attack based on the first CFO and the second CFO. The first measurement frame and the second measurement frame can be used to measure the distance or angle between the first node and the second node. The first CFO is the carrier frequency offset measured by the first node that the first node is compared with the second node, and the second CFO is the carrier frequency offset measured by the second node that the second node is compared with the first node. Therefore, in the case where there is no clock drift attack, the values of the first CFO and the second CFO are similar and opposite in sign. When there is a clock drift attack, the error of the first CFO or the second CFO is larger, so that the difference between the first CFO and the second CFO becomes larger. Therefore, in the embodiments of the present application, the first node and the second node can interact the second CFO measured by the second node, and the first node can compare the first CFO and the second CFO to more accurately detect whether there is a clock drift attack.

[0009] With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the receiving the first measurement frame from the second node comprises:

[0010] The first measurement frame is received from the second node by ultra-wideband.

[0011] In the embodiments of the present application, the first measurement frame is an ultra-wideband measurement frame, or in other words, the first measurement frame is transmitted by ultra-wideband. Since the bandwidth of ultra-wideband is large, the first measurement frame is transmitted by ultra-wideband, which can make the measurement value measured by the first node based on the first measurement frame more accurate.

[0012] With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the first measurement frame comprises a synchronization field and / or a measurement field, and the synchronization field and / or the measurement field are used to obtain the first CFO.

[0013] With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the first indication information further indicates accuracy information of the second CFO, and the accuracy information of the second CFO comprises at least one of the following: accuracy information, confidence information, error bound information; and the determining the integrity of the measurement result based on the first CFO and the second CFO comprises:

[0014] The integrity of the measurement result is determined based on the first CFO, the second CFO, and the accuracy information of the second CFO.

[0015] In the embodiments of the present application, the second node can also transmit the precision information of the second CFO to the first node, so that the first node can more accurately determine the integrity of the measurement result or more accurately detect the clock drift attack based on the precision information of the second CFO.

[0016] With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0017] receiving a third measurement frame from the second node through a narrow band, the third measurement frame being used by the first node to obtain a third CFO;

[0018] receiving second indication information from the second node through a narrow band, the second indication information indicating a fourth CFO, the fourth CFO being measured by the second node through a received fourth measurement frame;

[0019] determining the integrity of the measurement result based on the first CFO and the second CFO includes:

[0020] determining the integrity of the measurement result based on the first CFO, the second CFO, the third CFO and the fourth CFO.

[0021] In the embodiments of the present application, the third measurement frame and the fourth measurement frame can be used for initial synchronization of the ultra-wideband signal (such as the first measurement frame and the second measurement frame), and the third measurement frame and the fourth measurement frame are transmitted on a narrow band. In the initial synchronization process, the first node and the second node can obtain the third CFO and the fourth CFO on the narrow band respectively. When determining the integrity of the measurement result (i.e., detecting whether there is a clock drift attack), the first node can obtain a more accurate detection result based on the CFOs (the third CFO and the fourth CFO) measured on the narrow band and the CFOs (the first CFO and the second CFO) measured on the ultra-wideband.

[0022] With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0023] sending the fourth measurement frame to the second node through a narrow band;

[0024] The third measurement frame includes a first field and a second field, the first field is used to carry a first measurement signal, and the second field is used to carry a first synchronization signal, the first measurement signal and / or the first synchronization signal being used to determine the third CFO; the fourth measurement frame includes a third field and a fourth field, the third field is used to carry a second measurement signal, and the fourth field is used to carry a second synchronization signal, the second measurement signal and / or the second synchronization signal being used to determine the fourth CFO.

[0025] In the embodiments of the present application, the first measurement signal and the second measurement signal can be measurement signals dedicated to frequency offset estimation, and based on the first measurement signal, a third CFO with high precision can be obtained, and based on the second measurement signal, a fourth CFO with high precision can be obtained. The first synchronization signal and the second synchronization signal can be determined by a randomly generated address, and the first synchronization signal and the second synchronization signal have strong anti-interference ability and high security. Therefore, based on the first synchronization signal, a third CFO with strong anti-interference ability can be obtained, and based on the second synchronization signal, a fourth CFO with strong anti-interference ability can be obtained.

[0026] With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the second field is located before the first field, and the fourth field is located before the third field.

[0027] With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the first measurement signal or the second measurement signal is any one of the following: a single-frequency sinusoidal signal, a binary phase shift keying (BPSK) signal, an amplitude shift keying (ASK) signal, or a multi-tone signal.

[0028] With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the second indication information further indicates precision information of the fourth CFO, and the precision information of the fourth CFO includes at least one of the following: accuracy information, confidence information, and error bound information; and the determining the integrity of the measurement result based on the first CFO, the second CFO, the third CFO, and the fourth CFO includes:

[0029] The determining the integrity of the measurement result based on the first CFO, the second CFO, the third CFO, the fourth CFO, and the precision information of the fourth CFO.

[0030] In the embodiments of the present application, the second indication information further indicates the precision information of the fourth CFO, so that the first node can more accurately detect the clock drift attack based on the precision information of the fourth CFO.

[0031] With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0032] The third indication information indicates at least one of the following: the first CFO, and a third CFO measured by the first node based on a third measurement frame received by the first node in a narrow band.

[0033] In the embodiments of the present application, the first CFO and the third CFO are measured by the first node based on the received measurement frames (such as the first measurement frame and the third measurement frame). The first node can send the CFO measured by it to the second node through the third indication information, so that the second node can detect whether there is a clock drift attack based on the third indication information.

[0034] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a communication method, which can be applied to a second node, and can be executed by the second node or a component (such as a chip or a circuit) of the second node, and the execution is not limited. The method comprises:

[0035] receiving a second measurement frame from the first node, the second measurement frame being used by the second node to obtain a second CFO; and sending first indication information to the first node, the first indication information indicating the second CFO.

[0036] In combination with the second aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the receiving the second measurement frame from the first node comprises:

[0037] receiving the second measurement frame from the first node through ultra-wideband.

[0038] In combination with the second aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the second measurement frame comprises a synchronization field and / or a measurement field, and the synchronization field and / or the measurement field are used to obtain the second CFO.

[0039] In combination with the second aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the first indication information further indicates accuracy information of the second CFO, and the accuracy information of the second CFO comprises at least one of the following: accuracy information, confidence information, error bound information.

[0040] In combination with the second aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the method further comprises:

[0041] receiving a fourth measurement frame from the first node through narrowband, the fourth measurement frame being used by the second node to obtain a fourth CFO;

[0042] sending second indication information to the first node through narrowband, the second indication information indicating the fourth CFO.

[0043] In combination with the second aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the method further comprises:

[0044] sending a third measurement frame to the first node through narrowband, the third measurement frame being used by the first node to obtain a third CFO;

[0045] The third measurement frame comprises a first field and a second field, the first field is used to carry a first measurement signal, and the second field is used to carry a first synchronization signal, the first measurement signal and / or the first synchronization signal are used to determine the third CFO; the fourth measurement frame comprises a third field and a fourth field, the third field is used to carry a second measurement signal, and the fourth field is used to carry a second synchronization signal, the second measurement signal and / or the second synchronization signal are used to determine the fourth CFO.

[0046] With reference to the second aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the second field is located before the first field, and the fourth field is located before the third field.

[0047] With reference to the second aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the first measurement signal or the second measurement signal is any one of the following: a single-frequency sinusoidal signal, a binary phase shift keying (BPSK) signal, an amplitude shift keying (ASK) signal, or a multi-tone signal.

[0048] With reference to the second aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the second indication information further indicates accuracy information of the fourth CFO, and the accuracy information of the fourth CFO comprises at least one of the following: accuracy information, confidence information, error bound information.

[0049] With reference to the second aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the method further comprises:

[0050] receiving third indication information from the first node, the third indication information indicating at least one of the following: the first CFO and the third CFO, the first CFO being measured by the first node based on the first measurement frame received by the first node, and the third CFO being measured by the first node based on the third measurement frame received by the first node through a narrow band;

[0051] determining the integrity of the measurement result based on the third indication information and the second CFO.

[0052] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, which comprises:

[0053] a super wide band module, configured to receive a first measurement frame from a second node, the first measurement frame being used for the first node to obtain a first carrier frequency offset (CFO);

[0054] a narrow band module, configured to receive first indication information from the second node and transmit the first indication information to the super wide band module, the first indication information indicating a second CFO, the second CFO being measured by the second node based on a second measurement frame received by the second node.

[0055] The ultra-wideband module is further configured to determine integrity of the measurement result based on the first CFO and the second CFO.

[0056] With reference to the third aspect, in a possible implementation, the first measurement frame comprises a synchronization field and / or a measurement field, and the synchronization field and / or the measurement field are used to obtain the first CFO.

[0057] With reference to the third aspect, in a possible implementation, the first indication information further indicates accuracy information of the second CFO, and the accuracy information of the second CFO comprises at least one of accuracy information, confidence information, and error bound information; and the narrowband module is specifically configured to determine the integrity of the measurement result based on the first CFO, the second CFO, and the accuracy information of the second CFO.

[0058] With reference to the third aspect, in a possible implementation, the narrowband module is further configured to receive a third measurement frame from the second node, and the third measurement frame is used for the narrowband module to obtain a third CFO.

[0059] The narrowband module is further configured to receive second indication information from the second node and transmit the second indication information to the ultra-wideband module, and the second indication information indicates a fourth CFO, which is measured by the second node based on a fourth measurement frame received by the second node.

[0060] The ultra-wideband module is specifically configured to determine the integrity of the measurement result based on the first CFO, the second CFO, the third CFO, and the fourth CFO.

[0061] With reference to the third aspect, in a possible implementation, the narrowband module is configured to send the fourth measurement frame to the second node.

[0062] The third measurement frame comprises a first field and a second field, the first field is used to carry a first measurement signal, the second field is used to carry a first synchronization signal, and the third CFO is determined based on the first measurement signal and / or the first synchronization information; and the fourth measurement frame comprises a third field and a fourth field, the third field is used to carry a second measurement signal, and the fourth field is used to carry a second synchronization signal, and the fourth CFO is determined based on the second measurement signal and / or the second synchronization signal.

[0063] With reference to the third aspect, in a possible implementation, the second field is located before the first field, and the fourth field is located before the third field.

[0064] With reference to the third aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the first measurement signal or the second measurement signal is any one of the following: a single-frequency sinusoidal signal, a binary phase shift keying (BPSK) signal, an amplitude shift keying (ASK) signal, or a multi-tone signal.

[0065] With reference to the third aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the second indication information further indicates accuracy information of the fourth CFO, and the accuracy information of the fourth CFO includes at least one of the following: accuracy information, confidence information, error bound information; and the ultra-wideband module is specifically configured to determine the integrity of the measurement result based on the first CFO, the second CFO, the third CFO, the fourth CFO, and the accuracy information of the fourth CFO.

[0066] With reference to the third aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the narrowband module is further configured to send third indication information to the second node, where the third indication information indicates at least one of the following: the first CFO, and a third CFO measured by the first node based on a third measurement frame received by the first node in a narrowband.

[0067] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, which comprises:

[0068] an ultra-wideband module configured to receive a second measurement frame from the first node, where the second measurement frame is used to obtain a second CFO;

[0069] a narrowband module configured to send first indication information to the first node, where the first indication information indicates the second CFO.

[0070] With reference to the fourth aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the second measurement frame includes a synchronization field and / or a measurement field, and the synchronization field and / or the measurement field are used to obtain the second CFO.

[0071] With reference to the fourth aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the first indication information further indicates accuracy information of the second CFO, and the accuracy information of the second CFO includes at least one of the following: accuracy information, confidence information, and error bound information.

[0072] With reference to the fourth aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the narrowband module is further configured to receive a fourth measurement frame from the first node, where the fourth measurement frame is used for the narrowband module to obtain a fourth CFO.

[0073] the narrowband module is further configured to send second indication information to the first node, where the second indication information indicates the fourth CFO.

[0074] In a possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the narrowband module is further configured to send a third measurement frame to the first node, the third measurement frame being used for the first node to obtain a third CFO.

[0075] The third measurement frame includes a first field and a second field, the first field is used to carry a first measurement signal, the second field is used to carry a first synchronization signal, the third CFO is determined based on the first measurement signal and / or the first synchronization signal; the fourth measurement frame includes a third field and a fourth field, the third field is used to carry a second measurement signal, the fourth field is used to carry a second synchronization signal, the fourth CFO is determined based on the second measurement signal and / or the second synchronization signal.

[0076] In a possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the second field is located before the first field, and the fourth field is located before the third field.

[0077] In a possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the first measurement signal or the second measurement signal is any one of a single-frequency sinusoidal signal, a binary phase shift keying (BPSK) signal, an amplitude shift keying (ASK) signal, or a multi-tone signal.

[0078] In a possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the second indication information further indicates accuracy information of the fourth CFO, and the accuracy information of the fourth CFO includes at least one of accuracy information, confidence information, and error bound information.

[0079] In a possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the narrowband module is further configured to receive third indication information from the first node, and transmit the third indication information to the ultra-wideband module, wherein the third indication information indicates at least one of the first CFO and the third CFO, the first CFO being measured by the first node based on a first measurement frame received by the first node, and the third CFO being measured by the first node based on a third measurement frame received by the first node through a narrowband.

[0080] The ultra-wideband module is further configured to determine the integrity of the measurement result based on the third indication information and the second CFO.

[0081] In the fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication apparatus, which is configured to execute the method in any one of the first aspect to the second aspect or any possible implementation manner.

[0082] Exemplarily, the communication apparatus comprises a processing module and a transceiver module.

[0083] As an example, the transceiver module is configured to receive the first measurement frame and receive the first indication information; and the processing module is configured to determine the integrity of the measurement result based on the first CFO and the second CFO.

[0084] As another example, the transceiver module is configured to receive the second measurement frame and send the first indication information. Optionally, the processing module is configured to obtain the second CFO based on the second measurement frame.

[0085] In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication apparatus, comprising a processor configured to execute the method in any of the first aspect to the second aspect or any possible implementation manner thereof. The processor is configured to execute a program stored in a memory, and when the program is executed, the method in any of the first aspect to the second aspect or any possible implementation manner thereof is executed.

[0086] In a possible implementation manner, the memory is located outside the communication apparatus.

[0087] In a possible implementation manner, the memory is located inside the communication apparatus.

[0088] In the embodiment of the present application, the processor and the memory can also be integrated into one device, that is, the processor and the memory can also be integrated together. Exemplarily, the communication apparatus can be a chip.

[0089] In a possible implementation manner, the communication apparatus further comprises a transceiver configured to receive information or send information.

[0090] As an example, the transceiver is configured to receive the first measurement frame and receive the first indication information; and the processor is configured to determine the integrity of the measurement result based on the first CFO and the second CFO.

[0091] As another example, the transceiver is configured to receive the second measurement frame and send the first indication information; and optionally, the processor is configured to obtain the second CFO based on the second measurement frame.

[0092] In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication apparatus, comprising a logic circuit and an interface, wherein the logic circuit and the interface are coupled; the interface is configured to input a first measurement frame and a first indication information; and the logic circuit is configured to determine the integrity of a measurement result based on a first CFO and a second CFO.

[0093] The descriptions about the first measurement frame, the first indication information, the first CFO and the second CFO can refer to the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.

[0094] In an eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication apparatus, comprising a logic circuit and an interface, the logic circuit and the interface being coupled; the interface is configured to input a second measurement frame and output first indication information. Optionally, the logic circuit is configured to obtain a second CFO based on the second measurement frame.

[0095] The description of the second measurement frame, the first indication information and the second CFO can refer to the method shown in the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect.

[0096] In a ninth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium, configured to store a computer program, which, when executed on a computer, causes the method shown in any one of the first aspect to the second aspect or any possible implementation manner to be performed.

[0097] In a tenth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, which, when executed on a computer, causes the method shown in any one of the first aspect to the second aspect or any possible implementation manner to be performed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0098] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an architecture of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0099] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another architecture of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0100] FIG. 3A is a timing diagram of a narrowband measurement frame and a super wideband measurement frame according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0101] FIG. 3B is a schematic diagram of an interaction between nodes according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0102] FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a bidirectional measurement according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0103] FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0104] FIG. 6 is a flowchart of another communication method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0105] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a measurement frame according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0106] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a narrowband frequency point according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0107] FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a bidirectional measurement on a narrowband according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0108] FIG. 10 is a flowchart of another communication method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0109] Figure 11 is a structural schematic diagram of a communication apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0110] Figure 12 is a structural schematic diagram of another communication apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0111] Figure 13 is a structural schematic diagram of still another communication apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0112] Figure 14 is a structural schematic diagram of still another communication apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0113] The terms "first" and "second" and the like in the description, claims and drawings of the present application merely mean different objects and do not imply a sequence, a time sequence, a priority or a degree of importance of the objects. "Multiple" in the embodiments of the present application means two or two more. In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover the inclusions without exclusivity. For example, a process, a method, a system, a product or an apparatus and the like including a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but optionally further includes steps or units not listed or other steps or units inherent to the process, the method, the product or the apparatus and the like. In addition, the character " / ", if not specifically stated, generally indicates that the associated objects before and after the character " / " are in an "or" relationship.

[0114] Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The phrase "in an embodiment" appears at various places in the specification and does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it necessary that all embodiments include the same or even similar features. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0115] It should be understood that in the present application, "at least one" refers to one or more, "multiple" refers to two or more, "at least two" refers to two or three and three or more, and "and / or" is used to describe the association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, "A and / or B" can mean: only A exists, only B exists, and A and B exist at the same time, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally represents that the associated objects before and after it are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" or the like means any combination of these items, including any combination of single or multiple items. For example, at least one of a, b or c can mean: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0116] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as universal mobile communication system (UMTS), wireless local area network (WLAN), wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) system, 4th generation (4G) mobile communication system such as long term evolution (LTE) system, 5th generation (5G) mobile communication system such as new radio (NR) system, and future evolved communication system such as 6th generation (6G) mobile communication system, etc.

[0117] The present application will present various aspects, embodiments or features around a system which can include multiple devices, components, modules, etc. It should be understood and appreciated that each system can include additional devices, components, modules, etc., and / or can not include all the devices, components, modules, etc. discussed in conjunction with the drawings. In addition, combinations of these solutions can also be used.

[0118] In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, the words "exemplary", "for example", and the like are used solely to indicate examples, instances, or illustrations, and not preference or advantages over other embodiments or designs. In fact, the word "exemplary" is used to present the concept in a specific manner. In the embodiments of the present application, "of", "corresponding" and "corresponding" are sometimes mixed. It should be pointed out that when the difference is not emphasized, the meanings expressed are consistent.

[0119] The communication system and service scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art can know that with the evolution of network architecture and the emergence of new service scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0120] The method provided by the present application can be applied to various communication systems, for example, it can be an internet of things (IoT) system, a narrow band internet of things (NB-IoT) system, a long term evolution (LTE) system, a short range wireless communication network system, for example, a SparkLink communication network system (including a basic version of SparkLink (SLB) and a low power version of SparkLink (SLE)), Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), a 5th-generation (5G) communication system, and a new communication system (such as 6G) that will appear in future communication development. Among them, SLB of SparkLink is also called "Wireless Short Range Communication Vehicle Air Interface Technical Requirements and Test Methods", and SLE of SparkLink is also called "SparkLink Wireless Communication System Access Layer Low Power Air Interface Technical Requirements and Test Methods".

[0121] The technical solutions provided in the application can also be applied to machine type communication (MTC), long term evolution-machine (LTE-M), device-to-device (D2D) network, machine to machine (M2M) network, internet of things (IoT) network, or other networks. The IoT network may, for example, include a vehicle network. In the vehicle network, the communication modes are collectively referred to as vehicle-to-everything (V2X), where X can represent any object. For example, the V2X can include vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication, vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) communication, or vehicle-to-network (V2N) communication.

[0122] In the above-mentioned various communication systems, a device with communication capability can be referred to as a node or a communication node. For example, the node can include a handheld terminal, a vehicle, a vehicle-mounted device, or a network-side device, a user equipment, an access terminal, a subscriber unit, a subscriber station, a mobile station, a mobile station, a remote station, a remote terminal, a wireless communication device, a user agent, or a user device, and can also be a component (such as a chip or an integrated circuit) included in a standalone device. The node can be any possible intelligent terminal device (such as a mobile phone), intelligent transportation device (such as a vehicle, a drone, etc.), intelligent manufacturing device, intelligent home device (such as a large screen, a sound box, etc.), or the like.

[0123] The node in the embodiments of the application can be applied to various application scenarios, such as the following application scenarios: mobile internet (MI), industrial control, self driving, transportation safety, internet of things (IoT), smart city, or smart home, etc.

[0124] In some application scenarios or some network types, the name of a device with similar communication capability can not be referred to as a node, and the application does not limit this.

[0125] For example, in the following shown FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the nodes can communicate with each other through D2D technology, M2M technology or V2X technology, etc.

[0126] Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a possible architecture of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0127] As shown in FIG. 1, the communication system can include at least one master node (for example, a base station) and at least one slave node (for example, a UE).

[0128] The master node and the slave node are introduced as follows respectively:

[0129] For example, the master node can be a master device, which can be a next generation node B (gNB), a next generation evolved node B (ng-eNB), a node in a short-range wireless communication network system (for example, a master node or a management node or a G node in a star flash communication network system), or an access network device in future 6G communication, etc. The master device can be any kind of device with wireless transceiving function. The master device can be an access node, a wireless relay node, a wireless backhaul node, etc. in a wireless fidelity (WiFi) system. The master device can be a wireless controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario. The master device can be a wearable device or a vehicle-mounted device, etc. The master device can also be a small station, a transmission reception point (TRP) (or also can be called a transmission point), etc.

[0130] Exemplarily, the slave node can be a terminal device, which can also be referred to as a user equipment (UE), a terminal, etc. The terminal device is a kind of device with wireless transceiver function, which can be deployed on land, including indoor or outdoor, handheld, wearable or vehicle-mounted; can also be deployed on water, such as a ship, etc.; can also be deployed in the air, for example, deployed on an airplane, a balloon or a satellite, etc. The terminal device can be a mobile phone, a tablet computer (Pad), a computer with wireless transceiver function, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal in industrial control, a wireless terminal in self driving, a wireless terminal in remote medical treatment, a wireless terminal in smart grid, a wireless terminal in transportation safety, a wireless terminal in smart city, a wireless terminal in smart home, etc. It can be understood that the terminal device can also be a node (for example, a slave node or a terminal node or a T node in a starlink communication network system) in a short-range wireless communication network system, a terminal device in a future 6G network, or a terminal device in a future evolved PLMN, etc.

[0131] It can be understood that the terminal device shown in the present application can not only include a vehicle (such as a whole vehicle) in vehicle networking, but also include a vehicle-mounted device or a vehicle-mounted terminal in vehicle networking, etc. The present application does not limit the specific form of the terminal device when it is applied to vehicle networking.

[0132] It should be understood that FIG. 1 exemplarily shows one master node and six slave nodes, and the communication links between the communication devices. Alternatively, the communication system can include multiple master nodes, and each master node can include other number of slave nodes in its coverage, for example, more or less slave nodes, etc. The present application does not limit this.

[0133] Optionally, the communication link between each of the communication devices described above can include various types of connection media including wired links (such as optical fiber), wireless links, or a combination of wired and wireless links, etc. For example, the short-range wireless connection technology can include SparkLink, 802.11b / g, Bluetooth, Zigbee, radio frequency identification (RFID), ultra-wideband (UWB) technology, or a wireless short-range communication system (such as a vehicle-mounted wireless short-range communication system), etc.

[0134] Each of the communication devices described above, such as the master node and the slave node, can be configured with multiple antennas. The multiple antennas can include at least one transmitting antenna for transmitting signals and at least one receiving antenna for receiving signals, etc. The embodiments of the present application are not limited to the specific structure of each communication device. Optionally, the communication system can also include a network controller, a mobile management entity, and other network entities, etc. The embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0135] It can be understood that the communication architecture diagram shown in FIG. 1 is only an example. For other forms of communication architecture diagrams, reference can be made to relevant standards or protocols, etc. which will not be described one by one here.

[0136] Please refer to FIG. 2, which is a possible communication system architecture diagram provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0137] As shown in FIG. 2, it is a smart cockpit wireless communication system under the SparkLink technology (SLB and / or SLE). There are multiple communication domains in the smart cockpit, each of which contains a master node (also referred to as a management node or a G node) and at least one slave node (also referred to as a terminal node or a T node). Among them, the master node schedules the slave node to realize the data transmission between nodes. Therefore, on a carrier (such as a SLB channel with a bandwidth of about 20 MHz) or a channel (such as an SLE channel with a bandwidth of 1 MHz / 2 MHz / 4 MHz) used by a G node, the G node can schedule time-frequency resources for the wireless measurement signal transmission of the T node / G node to realize the ranging positioning of the T node / G node.

[0138] For example, passive entry passive start (PEPS) is an example of a vehicle-mounted wireless positioning application. In the PEPS application scenario, the user does not need to manually lock or unlock the vehicle door with a key, but can achieve automatic locking or unlocking of the vehicle door through positioning of the vehicle key or mobile phone carried by the user by the vehicle-mounted positioning system. Similarly, in the indoor positioning and navigation application scenario, there is also an indoor positioning and navigation system with multiple anchor points for positioning, which positions multiple user mobile phones or wearable devices.

[0139] In the vehicle-mounted positioning scenario shown in FIG. 2, the communication domain includes multiple measuring nodes (Measuring Node, also referred to as anchor point, location anchor point, positioning anchor point / node, beacon, etc.) deployed on the vehicle and one measured node (Measured Node, also referred to as positioned node, tag / location tag, etc.) deployed outside the vehicle. Among them, the measuring nodes include but are not limited to node a, node b, node c, node d, and node e. These measuring nodes can be deployed at various parts of the vehicle, such as the four corners of the vehicle and the body of the vehicle, the center console / mirror / roof inside the vehicle, the display screen, microphone, speaker, camera, and other vehicle-mounted wireless communication devices inside the vehicle, which can also be reused as measuring nodes for positioning of the vehicle key or mobile phone outside the vehicle. The measured node includes node A, which can be a vehicle key with positioning function, or a mobile phone or wearable device with positioning function, for unlocking or locking the vehicle. In FIG. 2, the G node can be assumed by the vehicle key / mobile phone, and all measuring nodes on the vehicle are T nodes; or the G node is assumed by any one of the measuring nodes on the vehicle, and at this time all other measuring nodes on the vehicle and the vehicle key / mobile phone are T nodes. The G node can schedule time-frequency resources for communication of the T nodes to achieve ranging positioning of the T nodes (measured nodes, vehicle key / mobile phone).

[0140] In the above communication system, the two nodes can measure through an ultra-wideband signal. The transmission bandwidth of the ultra-wideband signal is greater than or equal to 500 MHz. Therefore, compared with a narrowband signal, the ultra-wideband signal has higher ranging resolution and ranging accuracy. For example, in a line-of-sight (LOS) scenario, the ultra-wideband signal has a centimeter-level ranging accuracy. High ranging accuracy can also accurately measure the corresponding path of the target, thereby obtaining high-accuracy angle measurement. The ultra-wideband signal can be applied to application scenarios with high requirements for ranging, angle measurement, and perception accuracy, such as a directional remote controller for precise pointing control on a television screen, a PEPS digital vehicle key, a digital door lock, and the like. The digital vehicle key and the digital door lock can recognize the approach / withdrawal of a legitimate user device through measurement of the ultra-wideband signal, thereby automatically completing unlocking or locking actions and the like.

[0141] In some possible implementations, the devices (e.g., master nodes and slave nodes) in the above communication system can perform measurements through a narrowband signal and an ultra-wideband signal. The measurement of the narrowband signal can be used for initial synchronization of the measurement of the ultra-wideband signal. The narrowband signal and the ultra-wideband signal can be generated by the same wireless module or by different wireless modules, which is not limited in the present application.

[0142] Exemplarily, the two nodes in the communication system can interact through a narrowband signal measurement frame and an ultra-wideband signal measurement frame to complete the bidirectional measurement between the first node and the second node. The two nodes can interact through at least one narrowband signal measurement frame and at least one ultra-wideband signal measurement frame. The timing of the interaction of the narrowband signal measurement frame and the ultra-wideband signal measurement frame between the two nodes can be as shown in FIG. 3A. FIG. 3A takes two narrowband signal measurement frames as an example. There is a time interval (tinterval) between the transmission of the narrowband signal measurement frame and the transmission of the ultra-wideband signal measurement frame, and there is no signal transmission between the two nodes in the time interval. The ultra-wideband signal measurement frame can include a synchronization field and a measurement field. The measurement field includes an ultra-wideband measurement sequence, which is used to measure the distance or angle. For example, the ultra-wideband measurement sequence can include a channel impulse response (CIR) training sequence (CTS), and the synchronization field can include a preamble signal generated by modulating and encoding the ultra-wideband pulse. In the transmission time of the ultra-wideband signal measurement frame, the synchronization field can be transmitted first, and then the ultra-wideband measurement sequence can be transmitted. There is a time gap (gap) between the synchronization field and the ultra-wideband measurement sequence. The ultra-wideband measurement sequence can include multiple segments of ultra-wideband measurement sequence, and there is a time gap between two adjacent segments of ultra-wideband measurement sequence.

[0143] For example, the device can include a narrow band (NB) module for generating a narrow band signal and an ultra-wide band module for generating an ultra-wide band signal. The narrow band module can include at least one of a star flash wireless communication standard SLE module, an SLB module, a Bluetooth low power consumption (BLE) module, a Zigbee module, a WiFi module, etc. The ultra-wide band module can support UWB technology, for example, the ultra-wide band module can be a star flash positioning (SLP) module, an impulse radio ultra wide band (IR-UWB) module, or a direct sequence spread spectrum UWB (DS-UWB) module.

[0144] In the embodiments of the present application, the ultra-wideband can include SLP technology in StarFlash Alliance, IR-UWB technology (for example, IR-UWB in IEEE 802.15.4 standard), or DS-UWB of direct spread sequence, etc. The narrowband module can also include a narrowband physical layer (physical, PHY), and the ultra-wideband module can also include an ultra-wideband PHY.

[0145] Exemplarily, FIG. 3B is an example of a system block diagram of interaction between nodes provided by the embodiments of the present application, as shown in FIG. 3B, the first node and the second node can interact through narrowband signals and / or ultra-wideband signals. The first node and the second node can both include a narrowband module and an ultra-wideband module. The narrowband module can include a narrowband media access control (MAC) layer and a narrowband PHY, and the ultra-wideband module can include an ultra-wideband MAC layer and an ultra-wideband PHY.

[0146] SLP and UWB can perform accurate ranging based on measuring the time of flight (TOF) of a pulse. In the TOF-based ranging technology, the distance or angle between the first node and the second node can be measured through bidirectional measurement between the two nodes. The flow of bidirectional measurement can be as shown in FIG. 4, the second node first sends a first measurement frame to the first node, and after the first node receives the first measurement frame, the first node sends a second measurement frame to the second node. The first node and the second node can obtain time of flight (TOF) information based on the first measurement frame and the second measurement frame, so as to determine the distance between the first node and the second node based on the time of flight information. For example, the time of flight information includes one-way flight time, and the one-way flight time multiplied by the speed of light can obtain the ranging value between the first node and the second node. For example, the one-way flight time can be represented as:

[0147] wherein T tof represents the one-way flight time, T round represents the time difference between the time when the second node sends the first measurement frame and the time when the second node receives the second measurement frame, T reply1 represents the time difference between the time when the first node receives the first measurement frame and the time when the first node sends the second measurement frame, and c is a calibration term determined by the relative clock drift between the first node and the second node. For example, c = c resp -c init , wherein c resp is the clock drift of the first node, and c init is the clock drift of the second node. Wherein, wherein f init , f resp , and f normrespectively represent the clock frequency of the second node, the clock frequency of the first node, and the nominal clock frequency. init and c resp The unit is: parts per million (PPM).

[0148] Exemplarily, the first node or the second node can calculate a carrier frequency offset (CFO) based on the carrier frequency corresponding to the received measurement frame, and determine the calibration term c based on the CFO. That is, the clock drift between the two nodes can be determined according to the CFO.

[0149] Exemplarily, the second node can also be referred to as an initiator, and the first node can also be referred to as a responder / reflector.

[0150] In the above ranging method, when the calibration term c is used to calibrate the TOF, it is vulnerable to clock drift attacks. Clock drift attacks can cause the measured distance between the first node and the second node to be reduced (also known as a reduced distance attack or a relay attack). For example, an attacker changes the carrier frequency of the air interface signal in real time through a mixer without changing the transmitted message itself, so that the CFO determined by the receiver according to the received carrier signal is offset, thereby causing the clock drift calibration term c obtained based on the CFO to be offset.

[0151] The attacker generates a carrier frequency signal f c c att by mixing the air interface input signal (such as the first measurement frame or the second measurement frame) with the local carrier frequency signal f c c att After real-time mixing through the mixer, the carrier frequency f c of the input signal becomes f c +f c c att Then, the mixed signal is played back, so that the attacker (i.e., the signal receiver, such as the first node or the second node) calculates the CFO according to the received f c +f c c att carrier frequency, and then the attacker incorrectly calculates the calibration term c as c' according to the CFO. As long as c attThe c' can be changed to a desired value, thereby changing the calculation result of the TOF of the attacked node. For example, the one-way flight time calculated by the attacked node is reduced, the ranging result is shortened, and a shortened distance attack is caused. Since the attacker uses the mixer and reduces the carrier frequency of the air interface signal, the above-mentioned shortened distance attack is also called a mix-down attack.

[0152] It can be understood that, in the embodiments of the present application, the "clock drift attack" is only the name of the attack means of changing the carrier frequency of the air interface signal through the mixer. In the embodiments of the present application, the attack means of changing the carrier frequency of the air interface signal through the mixer can also have other names (for example, a mix-down attack). The present application does not limit the name of the attack means of changing the carrier frequency of the air interface signal through the mixer.

[0153] As can be seen from the above, when the SLP / UWB measurement system is subjected to a clock drift attack, the distance between the two nodes measured is smaller than the actual distance, so that a security-related device (for example, a door lock / car lock) mistakenly believes that a legitimate user is within the unlocking range nearby, resulting in a false unlocking. Further, it can cause various property losses of the user. For example, a laboratory simulation of a clock drift attack on single-sided two-way ranging (SS-TWR) can reduce the distance between the ranging nodes from a real 10 m to 0 m.

[0154] The node can detect the clock drift attack to determine the integrity or validity of the distance between the two nodes measured, thereby avoiding false unlocking. Therefore, how the node detects the clock drift attack is a problem to be solved.

[0155] In view of this, the embodiments of the present application provide a communication method and a communication device, which can more accurately detect clock drift. The method provided by the embodiments of the present application can not only be applied to the communication systems shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, but also be used in other forms of communication systems. The various embodiments shown below can be applicable to the communication systems shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and for this reason, the following will not be described in detail.

[0156] It can be understood that the present application can be used in vehicle-mounted wireless positioning scenarios (for example, PEPS), indoor ranging positioning / navigation scenarios, and can also be used in other wide-area wireless communication or local-area wireless communication scenarios, and the present application does not limit this. In the present application, there are similar steps for implementing ranging / angle measurement / positioning / sensing, and therefore the "ranging" term is used to represent "positioning / angle measurement / ranging / sensing".

[0157] Please refer to FIG. 5, which is a flowchart of a communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG. 5, the method includes but is not limited to the following steps.

[0158] Optionally, the method shown in FIG. 5 can comprise steps 501 and 502.

[0159] 501. The second node transmits a first measurement frame, and correspondingly, the first node receives the first measurement frame.

[0160] Exemplarily, the first measurement frame is an ultra-wideband measurement frame (or called an ultra-wideband signal measurement frame), and the first measurement frame is transmitted via ultra-wideband. For example, the first measurement frame can be an ultra-wideband measurement frame defined in SLP. The second node transmits the first measurement frame via ultra-wideband (or called ultra-wideband signal or ultra-wideband physical layer), and correspondingly, the first node receives the first measurement frame via ultra-wideband.

[0161] The first measurement frame is used for the first node to obtain a first CFO. After receiving the first measurement frame, the first node can determine the first CFO based on the first measurement frame. The first CFO is a carrier frequency offset of the first node relative to the second node.

[0162] Exemplarily, the first node and the second node can comprise an ultra-wideband module (or called an SLP module), and the first node and the second node transmit the first measurement frame via the ultra-wideband module.

[0163] As an example, the first measurement frame comprises a synchronization (SYNC) field and / or a measurement field, and the SYNC field and / or the measurement field are used to obtain the first CFO. The measurement field carries an ultra-wideband measurement sequence, and the ultra-wideband measurement sequence is used to measure a distance or an angle between the first node and the second node. For example, the ultra-wideband measurement sequence can comprise a channel impulse response (CIR) training sequence (CTS), and the measurement field can also be called a CTS field. The first node can determine the first CFO based on the SYNC field and / or the measurement field. For example, the first CFO is a difference between a carrier frequency of the SYNC field and / or the measurement field received by the first node and an expected carrier frequency.

[0164] For specific description of the first measurement frame, reference can also be made to the related description of the ultra-wideband signal measurement frame in FIG. 3A, which will not be described in detail herein.

[0165] 502. The first node transmits a second measurement frame, and correspondingly, the second node receives the second measurement frame. The second measurement frame is used for the second node to obtain a second CFO.

[0166] Exemplarily, the second measurement frame is an ultra-wideband measurement frame (or referred to as an ultra-wideband signal measurement frame), and the second measurement frame is transmitted by ultra-wideband. For example, the second measurement frame can be an ultra-wideband measurement frame defined in SLP. The first node can transmit the second measurement frame by ultra-wideband, and correspondingly, the second node receives the second measurement frame by ultra-wideband.

[0167] After the second node receives the second measurement frame, the second node can determine the second CFO based on the second measurement frame.

[0168] Exemplarily, the second measurement frame includes a synchronization field and / or a measurement field, and the synchronization field and / or the measurement field are used to obtain the second CFO. The second node can determine the second CFO based on the synchronization field and / or the measurement field. For specific description of the second measurement frame, reference can be made to the related description of the ultra-wideband signal measurement frame in FIG. 3A, which will not be described in detail herein.

[0169] Exemplarily, the first measurement frame and the second measurement frame are used to measure the distance or angle between the first node and the second node. Alternatively, the first measurement frame and the second measurement frame are used for positioning / angle measurement / ranging / sensing between the first node and the second node.

[0170] It can be understood that in the method shown in FIG. 5, step 501 can be performed first, and then step 502 is performed. At this time, the second node can be referred to as a first sending node, and the first node can be referred to as a second sending node. Alternatively, step 502 can be performed first, and then step 501 is performed. At this time, the first node can be referred to as a first sending node, and the second node can be referred to as a second sending node. The present application does not limit the order of step 501 and step 502.

[0171] As an example, the first node and the second node measure the distance or angle between the first node and the second node by two-way measurement, and the first measurement frame and the second measurement frame are ultra-wideband measurement frames exchanged between the first node and the second node in the two-way measurement process. The two-way measurement can be single-sided two-way ranging (SS-TWR) or double-sided two-way ranging (DS-TWR). The single-sided two-way ranging can also be referred to as two-way 2 message, and the double-sided two-way ranging can also be referred to as two-way 3 message. In the double-sided two-way ranging process, if the first node is a first sending node and the second node is a second sending node, after the first node receives the first measurement frame, the first node can further send an ultra-wideband measurement frame to the second node; if the first node is a second sending node and the second node is a first sending node, after the second node receives the second measurement frame, the second node can further send an ultra-wideband measurement frame to the first node.

[0172] Exemplarily, the first node and the second node can further obtain TOF information based on the first measurement frame and the second measurement frame. For example, the second node can obtain first TOF information based on the first measurement frame and the second measurement frame, the first TOF information comprising at least one of: a time of departure (TOD) (or referred to as a sending time) of the first measurement frame, a time of arrival (TOA) of the second measurement frame, a time difference between the sending time of the first measurement frame and the arrival time of the second measurement frame. In the case that the second node is a first-sending node, the time difference between the sending time of the first measurement frame and the arrival time of the second measurement frame can be referred to as a two-message first-sending node measurement time difference (such as T round in FIG. 4 or formula (1)). In the case that the second node is a second-sending node, the time difference between the arrival time of the first measurement frame and the sending time of the second measurement frame can be referred to as a two-message second-sending node measurement time difference (such as T reply in FIG. 4 or formula (1)). For another example, the first node obtains second TOF information based on the first measurement frame and the second measurement frame, the second TOF information comprising at least one of: an arrival time of the first measurement frame, a sending time of the second measurement frame, a time difference between the arrival time of the first measurement frame and the sending time of the second measurement frame. In the case that the first node is a first-sending node, the time difference between the arrival time of the first measurement frame and the sending time of the second measurement frame can be referred to as a two-message first-sending node measurement time difference (such as T round in FIG. 4 or formula (1)). In the case that the first node is a second-sending node, the time difference between the arrival time of the first measurement frame and the sending time of the second measurement frame can be referred to as a two-message second-sending node measurement time difference (such as T reply in FIG. 4 or formula (1)).

[0173] 503, the second node sends first indication information, and correspondingly, the first node receives the first indication information, the first indication information being used to indicate the first CFO.

[0174] Exemplarily, the first indication information can be transmitted through narrowband. Since the bandwidth of ultra-wideband is large (such as greater than 500 MHz), the power consumption is high when transmitting information through ultra-wideband. The first indication information is transmitted through narrowband, which can reduce the power consumption of transmitting the first indication information.

[0175] Exemplarily, the first indication information is carried in a first wireless frame, and the first wireless frame can further comprise first TOF information obtained by the second node based on the first measurement frame and the second measurement frame. The second node obtains the first TOF information based on the first measurement frame and the second measurement frame, and feeds back the first TOF information to the first node through the first wireless frame. The first wireless frame can also be referred to as a measurement feedback message.

[0176] 504, the first node determines integrity of the measurement result based on the first CFO and the second CFO.

[0177] The integrity of the measurement result is used to indicate whether there is an attack (such as a clock drift attack) on the measurement result. In this application, "integrity of the measurement result", "whether there is an attack on the measurement result", "whether there is a clock drift attack" and "whether there is a down-mixing attack" can be described to each other. That is, the first node determines whether there is an attack on the measurement result based on the first CFO and the second CFO, or the first node determines whether there is a clock drift attack based on the first CFO and the second CFO.

[0178] In the process of transmitting, storing information or data, the integrity of the data is used to ensure that the information or data is not tampered with unauthorized or can be quickly found after tampering; similarly, in this application, the integrity of the measurement result is used to ensure that the measurement result is not tampered with unauthorized or can be quickly found after tampering. This application can verify the integrity of the measurement result to resist clock drift attacks.

[0179] Exemplarily, the measurement result can include at least one of: one-way time of flight (such as T tof in formula (1)), two-message first-node measurement time difference (such as T round in formula (1) or figure 4), and two-message second-node measurement time difference (such as T reply in formula (1) or figure 4). Clock drift attack can change the carrier frequency of the first measurement frame or the second measurement frame through the mixer, so that the carrier frequency offset (such as the first CFO or the second CFO) measured by the first node or the second node is deviated.

[0180] Exemplarily, the first node can determine whether there is a clock drift attack based on the difference between the first CFO and the second CFO. For example, the difference between the first CFO and the second CFO is compared with the first threshold to determine whether there is a clock drift attack. In the case that the difference between the first CFO and the second CFO (taking the absolute value) is greater than the first threshold, it is determined that there is a clock drift attack. In the case that the difference between the first CFO and the second CFO is less than the first threshold, it is determined that there is no clock drift attack, or the clock drift attack is not identified. The first threshold can be a preset threshold, which can be determined by actual application, or determined by the first node and the second node, or determined by the accuracy of the first CFO and the second CFO.

[0181] The difference between the first CFO and the second CFO can be understood as the absolute value of the difference between the absolute value of the first CFO and the absolute value of the second CFO, which can be represented as ||CFO I| | CFO R | | CFO I represents the first CFO. CFO R represents the second CFO. Alternatively, CFO I represents the second CFO. CFO R represents the first CFO. When | | CFO I | | CFO R | | f th represents that there is a clock drift attack (not passed the integrity verification); when | | CFO I | | CFO R | | f th represents that there is no clock drift attack or the clock drift attack is not identified (passed the integrity verification). Wherein, f th represents the first threshold value.

[0182] It can be understood that, in the case that the difference between the first CFO and the second CFO is equal to the first threshold value, the first node can determine that the measurement result is valid or invalid. Alternatively, the first node determines that there is an attack on the measurement result or the first node can also determine that there is no attack on the measurement result, which is not limited by the present application.

[0183] In a possible implementation, the first indication information further indicates accuracy information of the second CFO, and the accuracy information of the second CFO includes at least one of the following: accuracy (Accuracy) information, confidence (Confidence) information, error bound information. The first node can determine whether there is a clock drift attack based on the difference between the first CFO and the second CFO and the accuracy information of the second CFO. Wherein, the accuracy is represented as the degree of coincidence between the estimated value (or measured value) of the second CFO and its true value, for example, the accuracy is represented as 90%, 95% or 99%. The confidence represents the degree of credibility of the estimated value of the second CFO, which can be determined by using a CFO estimation algorithm and / or a signal-to-noise ratio SNR of the received measurement signal. For example, the confidence of the second CFO is in the range of [0, 1], and when the confidence of the second CFO is represented as 1, the estimated value of the second CFO is likely to be the true value.

[0184] Exemplarily, the accuracy information of the second CFO can include a quantized value of the accuracy of the second CFO. Alternatively, the accuracy information of the second CFO can include a quantized value of the confidence of the second CFO.

[0185] Exemplarily, the error bound information comprises an error range of the second CFO, or a maximum error of the second CFO, or a standard deviation of the second CFO. The accuracy information of the second CFO is used to determine the accuracy of the second CFO. For example, the higher the accuracy of the second CFO, the higher the accuracy of the second CFO. For another example, the higher the confidence of the second CFO, the higher the accuracy of the second CFO. The larger the maximum error of the second CFO, the lower the accuracy of the second CFO. Assuming that the estimated value of the second CFO is f est , the error bound information indicates that the maximum error is f max , then the interval in which the true value of the second CFO is located is [f est -f max , f est +f max ].

[0186] Exemplarily, the first node can further obtain accuracy information of the first CFO based on the first measurement frame, and the first node can determine whether there is a clock drift attack based on the first CFO, the second CFO, the accuracy information of the first CFO, and the accuracy information of the second CFO. It can be understood that the specific description of the accuracy information of the first CFO can refer to the accuracy information of the second CFO, which will not be described here in detail.

[0187] As an example, the accuracy information of the second CFO and / or the accuracy information of the first CFO is used to adjust the difference between the first CFO and the second CFO. The first node can adjust the difference between the first CFO and the second CFO based on the accuracy information of the second CFO and / or the accuracy information of the first CFO, for example, ||CFO I |-|CFO R ||-A<f th , which indicates that there is no clock drift attack, and the parameter A is determined by the accuracy information of the second CFO and / or the accuracy information of the first CFO. For another example, ||CFO I |-|CFO R ||-A>f th , which indicates that there is a clock drift attack. The parameter A is determined by the accuracy information of the second CFO and / or the accuracy information of the first CFO.

[0188] As another example, the first node can determine a first threshold based on the accuracy information of the second CFO and / or the accuracy information of the first CFO, and determine whether there is a clock drift attack based on the difference between the first CFO and the second CFO and the first threshold. The higher the accuracy of the first CFO, the smaller the value of the first threshold. Alternatively, the higher the accuracy of the second CFO, the smaller the value of the first threshold.

[0189] For example, the first node can determine the first threshold based on the maximum error of the first CFO and the maximum error of the second CFO. The first threshold satisfies: f th = f th,I + f th,R

[0190] wherein, f th represents the first threshold. f th,I represents the maximum error of the first CFO, and the above f th,R represents the maximum error of the second CFO. Or, f th,I represents the maximum error of the second CFO, and the above f th,R represents the maximum error of the first CFO.

[0191] Since the first CFO is the carrier frequency offset of the first node compared to the second node, and the second CFO is the carrier frequency offset of the second node compared to the first node. Therefore, in the absence of clock offset attacks, the values of the first CFO and the second CFO are similar, and the positive and negative are opposite. When there is a clock drift attack, the error of the first CFO or the second CFO is larger, so that the difference between the first CFO and the second CFO becomes larger. According to whether the difference exceeds the threshold, it is judged whether the measurement result has integrity. Therefore, in the embodiment of the application, the first node and the second node can interact the second CFO measured by the second node, and analyze and compare the first CFO and the second CFO, so as to more accurately detect whether there is a clock offset attack.

[0192] In the embodiment of the application, the timing clock (clock) of the first node and the second node shares the same crystal oscillator with the radio frequency chain of the radio frequency part, so the first CFO can also be used to determine the clock drift of the first node compared to the second node, and the second CFO can also be used to determine the clock drift of the second node compared to the first node. In a possible implementation, the first node and the second node can also detect the clock drift attack by interacting the clock drift obtained by the two nodes. In this implementation, the first node can obtain the first CFO through the first measurement frame, and obtain the first clock drift based on the first CFO. The second node obtains the second CFO based on the second measurement frame, converts the second CFO into the second clock drift, and indicates the second clock drift through the first indication information. The first node compares the first clock drift and the second clock drift to detect whether there is a clock drift attack.

[0193] Since the first clock drift and the second clock drift are respectively transformed by the second node and the first node, there can be quantization errors between devices in the conversion of CFO to clock drift. Therefore, compared with the interaction clock drift, the first node and the second node interact with the respective estimated CFO to identify the clock drift attack, which can reduce the additional error introduced by the quantization error between devices in the conversion of CFO to clock drift, so that the identification result is more accurate.

[0194] Referring to FIG. 6, FIG. 6 is a flow diagram of another communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG. 6, the method includes but is not limited to the following steps.

[0195] 601, the second node transmits the third measurement frame through a narrow band, and correspondingly, the first node receives the third measurement frame through the narrow band. The third measurement frame is used for the first node to obtain a third CFO.

[0196] Exemplarily, the third measurement frame can also be referred to as a narrow band measurement frame (or a narrow band signal measurement frame). After the first node receives the third measurement frame, the first node can obtain a third CFO based on the third measurement frame, and the third CFO is used to determine the integrity of the measurement result or to determine whether there is a clock drift attack.

[0197] Exemplarily, the third measurement frame can include a first field and a second field, the first field is used to carry a first measurement signal, and the second field is used to carry a first synchronization signal, and the first measurement signal and / or the first synchronization signal are used to determine the third CFO. The second field can be referred to as a synchronization signal field, and the first field can be referred to as a measurement signal field.

[0198] The first measurement signal can be a measurement signal for frequency offset estimation. For example, the first measurement signal can be any one of an unmodulated carrier signal (or single frequency sinusoidal signal), a binary phase shift keying (BPSK) signal, an amplitude shift keying (ASK) signal, an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signal, or a multi-tone signal. The BPSK signal can be a non-phase-rotated BPSK signal or a phase-rotated BPSK signal (e.g., pi / 2-BPSK). The first synchronization signal can be a scrambled synchronization signal determined by a randomly generated address. The synchronization signal field of the narrowband measurement frame can be generated based on a logical link identification (SLE) or an access address (Access Address). For example, the synchronization signal field (synchronization signal 1) in the SLE is generated based on a 24-bit logical link identification, BCH encoded and m-sequence scrambled to 32 bits, and then GFSK modulated to generate a synchronization signal composed of 32 symbols. The generation process of the synchronization signal uses m-sequence scrambling to ensure that the synchronization signal has certain whitening characteristics, so that the synchronization signal can also be used for CFO estimation. Through actual measurement, the residual frequency offset error of the synchronization signal is large, which cannot meet the requirement of the residual frequency offset error input by the ultra-wideband receiver, and thus cannot meet the simplified design requirement of the ultra-wideband receiver. For example, when the residual frequency offset error is too large, the correlator design used for frequency offset estimation will be too complex, and the time consumption of frequency offset estimation will be too large. To solve the above problems, a frequency offset estimation frame is introduced in the narrowband measurement frame to carry the measurement signal for frequency offset estimation.

[0199] For example, the second field is located before the first field, i.e., the synchronization signal field is located before the measurement signal field. This is because, before the measurement signal field is used to estimate the CFO, timing synchronization needs to be completed through the synchronization signal field, so that the timing synchronization error of the subsequent measurement signal field is less than one sampling interval, so as to ensure that the measurement signal field achieves good accuracy when estimating the CFO.

[0200] For example, the third CFO is determined by the received first measurement signal. For example, the third CFO can be determined by mixing, low-pass filtering, etc. of the first measurement signal (unmodulated carrier signal) received by the first node and the unmodulated carrier signal local to the first node. The third CFO can be represented as CFO1.

[0201] For another example, the third CFO is determined by the first synchronization signal. For example, the third CFO can be determined by correlation operation of the first synchronization signal received by the first node and the first synchronization signal known to the first node. The third CFO can be represented as CFO2.

[0202] As a further example, the third CFO is determined based on a first synchronization signal and a first measurement signal. The second node can obtain a CFO1 based on the first measurement signal, and a CFO2 based on the first synchronization signal, and the third CFO can include the CFO1 and the CFO2. In this example, the first measurement signal is a measurement signal dedicated for frequency offset estimation, and based on the first measurement signal, a more accurate frequency offset can be obtained, i.e., the obtained CFO1 is more accurate. The first synchronization signal is determined based on a randomly generated address, and because the first synchronization signal is not vulnerable to interference, it is more secure. Therefore, in some implementations, the CFO2 can also be used for interference identification, and for verifying the reliability of the measured CFO1, or for determining the accuracy of the measured CFO1. For example, when the difference between the CFO1 and the CFO2 is greater than a fourth threshold, it is determined that the first measurement signal is interfered, the measured CFO1 based on the first measurement signal is less reliable, or the measured CFO1 based on the first measurement signal is more accurate. As another example, when the difference between the CFO1 and the CFO2 is less than the fourth threshold, it is determined that the first measurement signal is not interfered, the measured CFO1 based on the first measurement signal is more reliable, or the measured CFO1 based on the first measurement signal is more accurate.

[0203] Exemplarily, the structure of the third measurement frame can be as shown in FIG. 7, and the third measurement frame can include a time synchronization subframe and a frequency offset estimation subframe. The time synchronization subframe can include a preamble signal field, a synchronization signal field, and an equalization guard field. The preamble signal field carries a preamble signal, the synchronization signal field carries a first synchronization signal, and the equalization guard field can occupy 4 bits. The third measurement frame includes the preamble signal field, the synchronization signal field, the equalization guard field, a switching interval, and a measurement signal field, which can be a measurement frame type 4 in the SLE. The synchronization signal field can occupy 32 bits, and the length of the preamble signal is 10 us. When the first synchronization signal is modulated by a gauss frequency shift keying (GFSK), the preamble signal includes a sequence of [0, 1] alternately transformed GFSK modulation. When the first synchronization signal is modulated by a phase-shift keying (PSK), the preamble signal includes a sequence of [0, 1] alternately transformed binary phase-shift keying modulation without phase rotation.

[0204] Exemplarily, the time synchronization subframe can be obtained based on the generation manner of the preamble signal and the synchronization signal of the wireless frame type 1 of the SLE.

[0205] The frequency offset estimation subframe includes a measurement signal field for carrying a first measurement signal. The first measurement signal can be a measurement signal dedicated for obtaining the third CFO (such as obtaining the CFO1).

[0206] Exemplarily, the third measurement frame further comprises a switching interval field.

[0207] The frequency offset estimation subframe can be after the time synchronization subframe, or the frequency offset estimation subframe is before the time synchronization subframe. When the frequency offset estimation subframe (the narrowband measurement signal) is after the time synchronization subframe, the synchronization accuracy of the narrowband measurement signal can be ensured to be high (the synchronization error is less than one sampling interval), thereby ensuring the frequency offset estimation accuracy of the narrowband measurement signal.

[0208] 602, the first node sends a fourth measurement frame through the narrowband (or narrowband signal / narrowband physical layer), and correspondingly, the second node receives the fourth measurement frame through the narrowband. The fourth measurement frame is used for the second node to obtain a fourth CFO.

[0209] Exemplarily, the fourth measurement frame can also be referred to as a narrowband measurement frame or a narrowband signal measurement frame. After the second node receives the fourth measurement frame, the fourth CFO can be obtained based on the fourth measurement frame.

[0210] Exemplarily, the fourth measurement frame comprises a third field and a fourth field, the third field is used to carry a second measurement signal, and the fourth field is used to carry a second synchronization signal, the second measurement signal and / or the second synchronization signal are used to determine the fourth CFO. The third field can also be referred to as a measurement signal field, and the fourth field can also be referred to as a synchronization signal field.

[0211] Exemplarily, the fourth field is before the third field, that is, the synchronization signal field is before the measurement signal field in the fourth measurement frame. The synchronization signal field is before the measurement signal field, which can ensure that the timing synchronization is completed through the synchronization signal (the synchronization error is less than one sampling interval) first, and then the measurement signal field is accurately sampled, thereby ensuring the frequency offset estimation accuracy of the measurement signal. As an example, the fourth CFO is determined by the second measurement signal. For example, the fourth CFO can be an offset of a carrier frequency of the second measurement signal received by the second node from a carrier frequency of the second measurement signal expected to be received. The fourth CFO can be represented as CFO1'.

[0212] As another example, the fourth CFO is determined by the second synchronization signal. For example, the fourth CFO can be an offset of a carrier frequency of the second synchronization signal received by the second node from a carrier frequency of the second synchronization signal expected to be received. The fourth CFO can be represented as CFO2'.

[0213] As still another example, the fourth CFO is determined by the second synchronization signal and the second measurement signal. The second node can obtain CFO1' based on the second measurement signal, and obtain CFO2' based on the second synchronization signal, and the fourth CFO can comprise CFO1' and CFO2'.

[0214] Exemplarily, the third measurement frame and the fourth measurement frame are measurement frame type 4, and the third measurement frame and the fourth measurement frame use the same frame structure or frame format. That is, the first node and the second node generate the third measurement frame using the same frame structure / frame format, so that the first node and the second node can both obtain the third CFO and the fourth CFO through the bidirectional measurement manner by measuring the signal field.

[0215] It can be understood that the frame structure of the fourth measurement frame is the same as that of the third measurement frame, and the frame structure of the fourth measurement value can refer to the description of the frame structure of the third measurement frame above, which will not be described in detail here.

[0216] Exemplarily, the frequency point (or narrowband channel) for transmitting the third measurement frame and the fourth measurement frame is the same. Or, the third measurement frame and the fourth measurement frame are transmitted on the same narrowband channel or frequency point.

[0217] As an example, the first node and the second node can transmit at least one third measurement frame and at least one fourth measurement frame on at least one frequency point in a frequency hopping manner. For example, the second node can send at least one third measurement frame on at least one frequency point in a frequency hopping manner, the first node receives at least one third measurement frame on the at least one frequency point, and can obtain at least one third CFO based on the at least one third measurement frame. Correspondingly, the first node sends at least one fourth measurement frame on the at least one frequency point in a frequency hopping manner, the second node receives at least one fourth measurement frame on the at least one frequency point, and can obtain at least one fourth CFO based on the at least one fourth measurement frame. As shown in FIG. 8, between 2402MHz and 2480MHz, there can be 79 channels / frequency points, and the first node and the second node can transmit at least one third measurement frame and at least one fourth measurement frame (i.e., at least one pair of bidirectionally interactive narrowband measurement frames) on at least one of the 79 frequency points.

[0218] When the second node feeds back the measured fourth CFO to the first node, it can feed back the measured fourth CFO on a preset frequency point or the average of at least one fourth CFO measured on at least one frequency point. The preset frequency point can be the last measured frequency point in the at least one frequency point.

[0219] For the measurement frame type event on a single frequency point of a narrow band, the narrow band frequency hopping measurement signal configuration message can be used to configure the single measurement event / measurement event group, or the initialization phase event of the measurement event group of the SLE can be used for configuration. If there is an initialization phase in the configured event group, the first event in each event group is called the initialization phase event. In each event of the event group, the first node and the second node use the measurement frame type 4 for initial synchronization. The measurement event group corresponds to the measurement of the CFO of multiple frequency points, and one measurement event is performed on each frequency point.

[0220] Exemplarily, the third measurement frame and the fourth measurement frame described above can be used for initial synchronization (including timing synchronization and frequency synchronization) between the first node and the second node, and the frequency synchronization will simultaneously obtain CFO estimation values (such as the third CFO and the fourth CFO). This initial synchronization process simultaneously completes the initial synchronization (timing synchronization and frequency synchronization) required for the interaction of the ultra-wideband measurement frame and the CFO estimation value required for resisting the clock drift attack, thereby reducing the additional overhead required by the first node and the second node to obtain the CFO estimation of the narrow band measurement number for the interaction of the narrow band measurement frame.

[0221] Exemplarily, the first node and the second node can interact through a narrow band signal and an ultra-wideband signal, and the ultra-wideband signal can be used to measure the distance or angle (such as a two-way measurement) between the first node and the second node. The narrow band signal can be used for the initial synchronization (or coarse synchronization) of the ultra-wideband signal, for example, the narrow band signal can be used to transmit part or all of the control information, security authentication information, and measurement related information (such as measurement results) of the ultra-wideband signal, that is, the first node and the second node can transmit part or all of the control information, security authentication information, and measurement related information of the ultra-wideband signal through the narrow band. The third measurement frame and the fourth measurement frame described above can be the narrow band measurement frame exchanged between the first node and the second node in the initial synchronization process. That is, the third measurement frame and the fourth measurement frame are used for the initial synchronization of the ultra-wideband signal (such as the first measurement frame and the second measurement frame), or in other words, the third measurement frame and the fourth measurement frame are used for the initial synchronization of the measurement based on the ultra-wideband signal (such as the two-way measurement).

[0222] The first node and the second node can perform initial synchronization based on the third measurement frame and the fourth measurement frame, and obtain the third CFO and the fourth CFO based on the third measurement frame and the fourth measurement frame in the initial synchronization process, so as to detect whether there is a clock drift attack in the ultra-wideband measurement process based on the third CFO and the fourth CFO measured on the narrow band. The first node and the second node measure the third CFO and the fourth CFO in the initial synchronization process, and therefore, the initial synchronization process can also be referred to as an initial synchronization measurement process (or referred to as SLE initial synchronization measurement). The initial synchronization measurement process can be as shown in FIG. 9, which takes the second node as an example of a first-sending node. The second node can first send the third measurement frame to the first node. After the first node receives the third measurement frame, the first node sends the fourth measurement frame to the second node, and the initial synchronization measurement can be achieved based on the third measurement frame and the fourth measurement frame. Illustratively, the first node and the second node can also obtain the one-way flight time based on the third measurement frame and the fourth measurement frame.

[0223] Illustratively, the third measurement frame and the fourth measurement frame are used for initial synchronization of the first measurement frame and the second measurement frame, and timing or frequency synchronization that meets the accuracy requirement needs to be provided for the first measurement frame and the second measurement frame. The CFO1 and the CFO1' are measured based on a special measurement signal, and the CFO1 and the CFO1' meet the accuracy requirement of the frequency synchronization of the first measurement frame and the second measurement frame.

[0224] It can be understood that in the method shown in FIG. 6, step 601 can be performed first, and then step 602 is performed. Alternatively, step 602 is performed first, and then step 601 is performed. The present application does not limit the order of step 601 and step 602.

[0225] 603, the second node sends second indication information through the narrow band, and correspondingly, the first node receives the second indication information through the narrow band. The second indication information indicates the fourth CFO.

[0226] Illustratively, the second node measures at least one fourth CFO based on at least one fourth measurement frame transmitted on at least one frequency point. The second indication information indicates the fourth CFO corresponding to a preset frequency point in the frequency point, or the second indication information indicates the average value of the at least one fourth CFO. The preset frequency point can be the last measured frequency point in the at least one frequency point, or in other words, the preset frequency point can be the frequency point on which the fourth measurement frame is last transmitted.

[0227] Illustratively, the second indication information can also indicate the accuracy information of the fourth CFO, and the accuracy information of the fourth CFO includes at least one of the following: accuracy information, confidence information, or error bound information.

[0228] It can be understood that the narrowband channel or frequency point of the second node for transmitting the second indication information can be the same as or different from the narrowband channel or frequency point of the second node for transmitting the third measurement frame and the fourth measurement frame, which is not limited here.

[0229] 604, the second node transmits the first measurement frame through the ultra-wideband, and correspondingly, the first node receives the first measurement frame through the ultra-wideband.

[0230] 605, the first node transmits the second measurement frame through the ultra-wideband, and correspondingly, the second node receives the second measurement frame through the ultra-wideband.

[0231] It can be understood that the specific description of the first measurement frame and the second measurement frame can refer to the related description in the foregoing, which will not be described here in detail.

[0232] 606, the second node transmits the first indication information through the narrowband, and correspondingly, the first node receives the first indication information through the narrowband, the first indication information indicating the first CFO.

[0233] Exemplarily, the first indication information and the second indication information can be contained in the same radio frame (such as the first radio frame). Exemplarily, the first radio frame can further include TOF information.

[0234] 607, the first node determines the integrity of the measurement result or whether there is a clock drift attack based on the first CFO, the second CFO, the third CFO, and the fourth CFO.

[0235] Exemplarily, the narrowband signal and the ultra-wideband signal in the first node can be generated by the same crystal oscillator, that is, the second measurement frame and the fourth measurement frame are generated by the same crystal oscillator. The narrowband signal and the ultra-wideband signal in the second node can be generated by the same crystal oscillator, that is, the first measurement frame and the third measurement frame are generated by the same crystal oscillator.

[0236] Exemplarily, the first node can determine the integrity of the measurement result based on the first CFO, the second CFO, the third CFO, the fourth CFO, and at least one of the following: the accuracy information of the first CFO, the accuracy information of the second CFO, the accuracy information of the third CFO, and the accuracy information of the fourth CFO.

[0237] Exemplarily, the first node can determine whether the clock drift attack exists based on a difference between the first CFO and the second CFO, and a difference between the third CFO and the fourth CFO. The first node can first determine whether the clock drift attack exists based on the difference between the first CFO and the second CFO. For example, in a case where the difference between the first CFO and the second CFO is greater than a first threshold, the first node determines that the clock drift attack exists. In a case where the difference between the first CFO and the second CFO is less than the first threshold, the first node determines whether the clock drift attack exists based on the difference between the third CFO and the fourth CFO.

[0238] As an example, the third CFO comprises CFO1, the fourth CFO comprises CFO1', and the first node determines whether the clock drift attack exists based on a difference between CFO1 and CFO1', and a difference between the first CFO and the second CFO. For example, when the difference between CFO1 and CFO1', and the difference between the first CFO and the second CFO satisfy at least one of the following conditions, it is determined that the clock drift attack exists:

[0239] (1) the difference between the first CFO and the second CFO is greater than a first threshold, i.e., ||CFO I |-|CFO R ||>f th ;

[0240] (2) the difference between CFO1 and CFO1' is greater than a second threshold, i.e., ||CFO I1 |-|CFO R1 ||>f th1 . Wherein CFO I1 represents CFO1, CFO R1 represents CFO1', or CFO I1 represents CFO1', CFO R1 represents CFO1, and f th1 represents the second threshold.

[0241] For another example, when the difference between CFO1 and CFO1', and the difference between the first CFO and the second CFO satisfy the following conditions, it is determined that the clock drift attack does not exist: the difference between the first CFO and the second CFO is less than the first threshold, i.e., ||CFO I |-|CFO R ||<f th ; and the difference between CFO1 and CFO1' is less than the second threshold, i.e., ||CFO I1 |-|CFO R1 ||<f th1 .

[0242] Exemplarily, the second threshold value can be determined by accuracy information of CFO1 and / or CFO1', or determined by a measured empirical value, or predefined by a protocol.

[0243] In this example, CFO1 is obtained from a first measurement signal and CFO1' is obtained from a second measurement signal, the first measurement signal and the second measurement signal are measurement signals dedicated for frequency offset estimation, therefore, the accuracy of CFO1 and CFO1' obtained based on the first measurement signal and the second measurement signal is high, and the clock drift attack can be more accurately detected based on the CFO1 and CFO1'.

[0244] As another example, the third CFO includes CFO2 and the fourth CFO includes CFO2', and the first node determines whether there is a clock drift attack based on a difference between CFO2 and CFO2' and a difference between the first CFO and the second CFO. For example, when the difference between CFO2 and CFO2' and the difference between the first CFO and the second CFO satisfy at least one of the following conditions, it is determined that there is a clock drift attack:

[0245] (1) The difference between the first CFO and the second CFO is greater than a first threshold value, i.e., ||CFO I |-|CFO R ||>f th ;

[0246] (2) The difference between CFO2 and CFO2' is greater than a third threshold value, i.e., ||CFO I2 |-|CFO R2 ||>f th2 . Wherein CFO I2 represents CFO2, CFO R2 represents CFO2', or CFO I2 represents CFO2', CFO R2 represents CFO2, and f th2 represents the third threshold value.

[0247] For another example, when the difference between CFO2 and CFO2' and the difference between the first CFO and the second CFO satisfy the following conditions, it is determined that there is no clock drift attack: the difference between the first CFO and the second CFO is less than the first threshold value, i.e., ||CFO I |-|CFO R ||<f th ; and the difference between CFO2 and CFO2' is less than the third threshold value, i.e., ||CFO I2 |-|CFO R2 ||<f th2 .

[0248] Exemplarily, the third threshold value can be determined by the accuracy information of CFO2 and / or CFO2', or determined by a measured empirical value, or predefined by a protocol.

[0249] In this example, CFO2 is obtained from a first synchronization signal, and CFO2' is obtained based on a second synchronization signal, the first synchronization signal and the second synchronization signal are determined by a randomly generated address, so the first synchronization signal and the second synchronization signal have strong anti-interference ability and high security. Based on CFO2 and CFO2', whether there is a clock drift attack can be more accurately detected.

[0250] As another example, the third CFO includes CFO1 and CFO2, the fourth CFO includes CFO1' and CFO2', and the first node determines whether there is a clock drift attack based on the difference between CFO1 and CFO1', the difference between CFO2 and CFO2', and the difference between the first CFO and the second CFO.

[0251] For example, in the case where the difference between CFO1 and CFO1', the difference between CFO2 and CFO2', and the difference between the first CFO and the second CFO satisfy at least one of the following conditions, it is determined that there is a clock drift attack:

[0252] (1) The difference between the first CFO and the second CFO is greater than a first threshold value, i.e., ||CFO I |-|CFO R ||>f th ;

[0253] (2) The difference between CFO1 and CFO1' is greater than a second threshold value, i.e., ||CFO I1 |-|CFO R1 ||>f th1 ;

[0254] (3) The difference between CFO2 and CFO2' is greater than a third threshold value, i.e., ||CFO I2 |-|CFO R2 ||>f th2 .

[0255] For another example, in the case where the difference between CFO1 and CFO1', the difference between CFO2 and CFO2', and the difference between the first CFO and the second CFO satisfy the following conditions, it is determined that there is no clock drift attack:

[0256] (1) The difference between the first CFO and the second CFO is less than a first threshold value, i.e., ||CFO I |-|CFO R ||<f th ;

[0257] (2) the difference between CFO1 and CFO1' is greater than or less than a second threshold, i.e., ||CFO1-CFO1'| > Th2 I1 |-|CFO R1 ||<f th1 ;

[0258] (3) the difference between CFO2 and CFO2' is greater than or less than a third threshold, i.e., ||CFO2-CFO2'| > Th3 I2 |-|CFO R2 ||<f th2 .

[0259] In this example, CFO1 and CFO1' are measured by a dedicated measurement signal, and CFO2 and CFO2' are measured by a synchronization signal determined by a randomly generated address. Therefore, based on CFO1, CFO1', CFO2 and CFO2', whether there is a clock drift attack can be detected, and a more accurate detection result can be obtained, and higher security can be achieved.

[0260] In the embodiments of the application, the first node can transmit a narrowband measurement frame in a frequency hopping manner on a narrowband, so that the narrowband measurement frame is not susceptible to clock drift attacks. The first node detects the clock drift attack based on the CFO measured on the narrowband and the CFO measured on the ultra-wideband, and a more accurate detection result can be obtained.

[0261] In a possible implementation, the method described in FIG. 6 can further include steps 608 and 609.

[0262] 608, the first node transmits third indication information, and the second node receives the third indication information. The third indication information indicates at least one of the first CFO and the third CFO.

[0263] The specific implementation of the first CFO and the third CFO can be referred to the related description in the foregoing description, and will not be described in detail here.

[0264] 609, the second node determines the integrity of the measurement result based on the third indication information and the second CFO. Alternatively, the second node determines whether there is a clock drift attack based on the third indication information and the second CFO.

[0265] For example, the second node can determine whether there is a clock drift attack based on the first CFO and the second CFO.

[0266] For another example, the second node can determine whether there is a clock drift attack based on the first CFO, the second CFO, the third CFO and the fourth CFO.

[0267] It can be understood that the specific implementation of determining whether there is a clock drift attack at the second node can refer to the specific implementation of determining whether there is a clock drift attack at the first node, which will not be described here in detail.

[0268] In the implementation, the first CFO and the third CFO are measured by the first node based on the received measurement frames (e.g., the first measurement frame and the third measurement frame). The first node can send the CFO measured by the first node to the second node through the third indication information, so that the second node can detect whether there is a clock drift attack based on the third indication information.

[0269] Please refer to FIG. 10, which is a flow diagram of another communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application. The method is applied to a first node and a second node, the first node includes a first narrowband module and a first ultra-wideband module, and the second node includes a second narrowband module and a second ultra-wideband module. As shown in FIG. 10, the method includes but is not limited to the following steps.

[0270] Optionally, the method shown in FIG. 10 includes step 1001, step 1002, and step 1003.

[0271] 1001, the first narrowband module sends a broadcast frame, and correspondingly, the second narrowband module receives the broadcast frame. The broadcast frame is used to establish a communication link between the first narrowband module and the second narrowband module.

[0272] 1002, the first narrowband module and the second narrowband module establish a communication link. For example, the first narrowband module and the second narrowband module establish an SLE communication link.

[0273] 1003, the first narrowband module sends a control frame to the second narrowband module, and correspondingly, the second narrowband module receives the control frame.

[0274] The control frame is used to indicate relevant parameters when the first narrowband module and the second narrowband module and / or the first ultra-wideband module and the second ultra-wideband module interact. For example, the control frame indicates the start time of the initial synchronization between the first narrowband module and the second narrowband module. For another example, the control frame indicates the start time of the bidirectional measurement between the first ultra-wideband module and the second ultra-wideband module. For another example, the control frame indicates that the first node is a first sending node or a second sending node. For another example, the control frame indicates that the second node is a first sending node or a second sending node. For another example, the control frame indicates that the second node sends a CFO (e.g., a second CFO or a fourth CFO) measured by the second node to the first node. For another example, the control frame indicates that the first node sends a CFO (e.g., a first CFO or a third CFO) measured by the first node to the second node.

[0275] Optionally, the method shown in FIG. 10 can further include step 1004.

[0276] 1004, the first narrowband module sends fourth indication information to the second narrowband module, and the second narrowband module receives the fourth indication information. The fourth indication information is used to indicate the starting time of the initial synchronization measurement, or the fourth indication information is used to negotiate the starting time of the initial synchronization measurement.

[0277] It can be understood that, in the case that the starting time of the initial synchronization measurement is indicated by the control frame, the first narrowband module does not need to send the fourth indication information to the second narrowband module.

[0278] 1005, the second narrowband module sends a third measurement frame, and the first narrowband module receives the third measurement frame. The third measurement frame is used for the first narrowband module to obtain a third CFO.

[0279] Exemplarily, the third CFO includes CFO1 and / or CFO2. The third measurement frame carries a first measurement signal and a first synchronization signal. The first narrowband module can obtain CFO1 based on the first measurement signal, and / or obtain CFO2 based on the first synchronization signal.

[0280] It can be understood that the specific description of the third measurement frame and the third CFO can also refer to the related description in step 601 of FIG. 6 shown above, which will not be described in detail here.

[0281] 1006, the first narrowband module sends a fourth measurement frame, and the second narrowband module receives the fourth measurement frame. The fourth measurement frame is used for the second narrowband module to obtain a fourth CFO.

[0282] Exemplarily, the fourth CFO includes CFO1' and / or CFO2'. The fourth measurement frame carries a second measurement signal and a second synchronization signal. The second narrowband module can obtain CFO1' based on the second measurement signal, and / or obtain CFO2' based on the second synchronization signal.

[0283] The fourth measurement frame and the third measurement frame are transmitted at the same frequency point.

[0284] Exemplarily, the first narrowband module can send the fourth measurement frame based on the starting time of the initial synchronization measurement, or the second narrowband module sends the third measurement frame based on the starting time of the initial synchronization. For example, in the case that the first node is a first sending node and the second node is a second sending node, the first narrowband module can send the fourth measurement frame based on the starting time of the initial synchronization measurement, and after the second narrowband module receives the fourth measurement frame, the second narrowband module sends the third measurement frame to the first narrowband module. For another example, in the case that the first node is a second sending node and the second node is a first sending node, the second narrowband module sends the third measurement frame based on the starting time of the initial synchronization, and after the first narrowband module receives the third measurement frame, the first narrowband module sends the fourth measurement frame to the second narrowband module.

[0285] It can be understood that the specific description about the fourth measurement frame and the fourth CFO can also refer to the related description in step 602 in FIG. 6, which will not be described in detail here.

[0286] 1007, the first narrowband module sends a synchronization signal to the first super wideband module, and correspondingly, the first super wideband module receives the synchronization signal. The synchronization signal is used to synchronize the start time of the super wideband-based bidirectional measurement to the first super wideband module.

[0287] 1008, the second narrowband module sends a synchronization signal to the second super wideband module, and correspondingly, the second super wideband module receives the synchronization signal. The synchronization signal is used to synchronize the start time of the super wideband-based bidirectional measurement to the second super wideband module.

[0288] Exemplarily, the start time of the bidirectional measurement can be determined by the third measurement frame and / or the fourth measurement frame described above.

[0289] 1009, the first narrowband module sends a third CFO to the first super wideband module, and correspondingly, the first super wideband module receives the third CFO. The third CFO can include CFO1 and / or CFO2.

[0290] 1010, the second narrowband module sends a fourth CFO to the second super wideband module, and correspondingly, the second super wideband module receives the fourth CFO. The fourth CFO can include CFO1' and / or CFO2'.

[0291] 1011, the second super wideband module sends a first measurement frame, and correspondingly, the first super wideband module receives the first measurement frame.

[0292] The first super wideband module can obtain a first CFO based on the first measurement frame.

[0293] 1012, the first super wideband module sends a second measurement frame, and correspondingly, the second super wideband module receives the second measurement frame.

[0294] The second super wideband module can obtain a second CFO based on the second measurement frame.

[0295] It can be understood that the specific description about the first measurement frame, the first CFO, the second measurement frame, and the second CFO can refer to the related description in steps 501 and 502 in FIG. 5, which will not be described in detail here.

[0296] 1013, the second super wideband module sends a second CFO to the second narrowband module, and correspondingly, the second narrowband module receives the second CFO.

[0297] Exemplarily, the second UWB module can further send the first TOF information to the second NB module, the first TOF information being measured by the second UWB module based on the first measurement frame and the second measurement frame. For example, the first TOF information includes at least one of the following: the sending time of the first measurement frame, the arrival time of the second measurement frame, the time difference between the sending time of the first measurement frame and the arrival time of the second measurement frame.

[0298] 1014, the second NB module sends the first indication information and / or the second indication information to the first NB module, and correspondingly, the first NB module receives the first indication information and / or the second indication information. The first indication information indicates the second CFO, and the second indication information indicates the fourth CFO.

[0299] Exemplarily, the second NB module can further send the first TOF information to the first NB module.

[0300] Exemplarily, the first indication information, the second indication information and the first TOF information are contained in the first wireless frame. For example, the first indication information, the second indication information and the first TOF information can be contained in the UWB pulse measurement information reporting message / IE, the ranging AOA result IE or the positioning result IE of the first wireless frame. When the first TOF information is one of the double-side two-message first-node measurement time difference Tround and the double-side two-message second-node measurement time difference Treply, the first indication information and / or the second indication information (indicating the second CFO and the fourth CFO respectively) are also contained in the UWB pulse measurement information reporting message / IE to indicate the CFO estimation value corresponding to the Tround or Treply.

[0301] In the transmission event based on the second CFO and the fourth CFO, the second CFO and the fourth CFO correspond to the UWB measurement event, and the correspondence is reflected in that the first indication information and / or the second indication information (indicating the second CFO and the fourth CFO respectively) are also contained in the UWB pulse measurement information reporting message / IE corresponding to the UWB measurement event, to indicate the CFO estimation value corresponding to the first TOF information (such as T round or T reply ) measured based on the UWB measurement event, wherein one UWB measurement event corresponds to one SS-TWR measurement. The first TOF information is measured based on the UWB measurement event, and the first TOF information is transmitted by the NB.

[0302] 1015, the first NB module transmits the first indication information and / or the second indication information to the first UWB module, and correspondingly, the first UWB module receives the first indication information and / or the second indication information.

[0303] 1016, the first UWB module determines the integrity of the measurement result based on the first CFO, the second CFO, the third CFO and the fourth CFO, or detects the clock drift attack.

[0304] Optionally, the method shown in FIG. 10 further includes steps 1017 and 1018.

[0305] 1017, the first UWB module transmits the first CFO to the first NB module, and correspondingly, the first NB module receives the first CFO.

[0306] Optionally, the first UWB module can further transmit second TOF information to the first NB module, the second TOF information being measured by the first UWB module based on the first measurement frame and the second measurement frame. For example, the second TOF information includes at least one of the following: the arrival time of the first measurement frame, the sending time of the second measurement frame, the time difference between the arrival time of the first measurement frame and the sending time between the first measurement frame and the second measurement.

[0307] 1018, the first NB module sends third indication information to the second NB module, the third indication information indicating the first CFO and / or the third CFO.

[0308] After receiving the third indication information, the second NB module can transmit the third indication information to the second UWB module, so that the second UWB module can detect whether there is a clock drift attack based on the third indication information.

[0309] For example, the first NB module can further send the second TOF information to the second NB module.

[0310] In the embodiments of the present application, the first UWB module and the second UWB module can perform bidirectional measurement through the first measurement frame and the second measurement frame. The first UWB module can detect the clock drift attack based on the first CFO measured by the first UWB module, the second CFO measured by the second UWB module, the third CFO measured by the first NB module and the fourth CFO measured by the second NB module, and can obtain more accurate detection results.

[0311] The communication device provided by the embodiments of the present application will be introduced below.

[0312] The present application divides the functional modules of the communication device according to the above method embodiments. For example, each functional module can be divided according to each function, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module. The above integrated module can be realized in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional module. It should be noted that the division of the modules in the present application is illustrative, and is only a logical functional division. In actual implementation, there can be another division manner. The communication device of the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 11-14.

[0313] FIG. 11 is a structural schematic diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 11, the communication device includes a narrowband module 1101 and an ultra-wideband module 1102. The narrowband module 1101 can implement corresponding communication functions or processing functions based on a narrowband signal, and the ultra-wideband module 1102 can implement corresponding communication functions or processing functions based on an ultra-wideband signal.

[0314] In some embodiments of the present application, the communication device can be used to perform the actions performed by the first node in the above method embodiments. At this time, the communication device can be the first node itself or a chip or functional module configured in the first node. The narrowband module 1101 is used to perform the narrowband-related operations of the first node in the above method embodiments. For example, the narrowband module 1101 can be the first narrowband module shown above. The ultra-wideband module 1102 is used to perform the ultra-wideband-related operations of the first node in the above method embodiments. For example, the ultra-wideband module 1102 can be the first ultra-wideband module shown above.

[0315] For example, the ultra-wideband module 1102 is configured to receive the first measurement frame, and the narrowband module 1101 is configured to receive the first indication information. The ultra-wideband module 1102 is further configured to determine the integrity of the measurement result based on the first CFO and the second CFO.

[0316] Optionally, the ultra-wideband module 1102 is further configured to send the second measurement frame.

[0317] Optionally, the narrowband module 1101 is further configured to receive the third measurement frame and the second indication information. The ultra-wideband module 1102 is specifically configured to determine the integrity of the measurement result based on the first CFO, the second CFO, the third CFO, and the fourth CFO.

[0318] Optionally, the narrowband module 1101 is further configured to send the fourth measurement frame.

[0319] Optionally, the narrowband module 1101 is further configured to send the third indication information.

[0320] It is to be understood that the specific description of the first measurement frame, the second measurement frame, the third measurement frame, the fourth measurement frame, the first CFO, the second CFO, the third CFO, the fourth CFO, the first indication information, the second indication information, the third indication information, etc. can refer to the related description in the above method embodiments, and will not be described in detail here.

[0321] In some embodiments of the application, the communication device can be configured to perform the actions performed by the second node in the above method embodiments. The communication device can be the second node itself or a chip or functional module configured in the second node. The narrowband module 1101 is configured to perform the narrowband-related operations of the second node in the above method embodiments. For example, the narrowband module 1101 can be the second narrowband module shown above. The ultra-wideband module 1102 is configured to perform the ultra-wideband-related operations of the second node in the above method embodiments. For example, the ultra-wideband module 1102 can be the second ultra-wideband module shown above.

[0322] For example, the ultra-wideband module 1102 is configured to receive the second measurement frame, and the narrowband module 1101 is configured to send the first indication information.

[0323] Optionally, the ultra-wideband module 1102 is further configured to send the first measurement frame.

[0324] Optionally, the narrowband module 1101 is further configured to receive the fourth measurement frame and send the second indication information.

[0325] Optionally, the narrowband module 1101 is further configured to send the third measurement frame.

[0326] Optionally, the narrowband module 1101 is further configured to receive the third indication information, and the ultra-wideband module 1102 is further configured to determine the integrity of the measurement result.

[0327] It is to be understood that the specific description of the first measurement frame, the second measurement frame, the third measurement frame, the fourth measurement frame, the first CFO, the second CFO, the third CFO, the fourth CFO, the first indication information, the second indication information, the third indication information, etc. can refer to the related description in the above method embodiments, and will not be described in detail here.

[0328] The specific description of the narrowband module and the ultra-wideband module shown in the above embodiments is only an example. For the specific functions or steps performed by the narrowband module and the ultra-wideband module, please refer to the above method embodiments, and will not be described in detail here.

[0329] Figure 12 is a structural schematic diagram of another communication apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application. As shown in Figure 12, the communication apparatus includes a processing module 1201 and a transceiver module 1202. The transceiver module 1202 can implement corresponding communication functions, and the processing module 1201 is configured to implement corresponding processing functions. The transceiver module 1202 can also be referred to as an interface, a communication interface, or a communication module, etc.

[0330] In some embodiments of the present application, the communication apparatus can be configured to perform the actions performed by the first node in the above method embodiments. In this case, the communication apparatus can be the first node itself or a chip or a functional module configured in the first node, etc. The transceiver module 1202 is configured to perform the transceiving related operations of the first node in the above method embodiments, and the processing module 1201 is configured to perform the processing related operations of the first node in the above method embodiments.

[0331] For example, the transceiver module 1202 is configured to receive the first measurement frame and the first indication information, and the processing module 1201 is configured to determine the integrity of the measurement result.

[0332] Optionally, the transceiver module 1202 is further configured to receive the third measurement frame and the second indication information.

[0333] Optionally, the transceiver module 1202 is further configured to send the second measurement frame.

[0334] Optionally, the transceiver module 1202 is further configured to send the third indication information.

[0335] It can be understood that the specific descriptions about the first measurement frame, the second measurement frame, the third measurement frame, the fourth measurement frame, the first CFO, the second CFO, the third CFO, the fourth CFO, the first indication information, the second indication information, and the third indication information can refer to the related descriptions in the above method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0336] For example, the transceiver module 1202 can include a radio frequency module, an antenna module, etc. For example, the transceiver module 1202 can include a pin module, etc.

[0337] Figure 12 is a structural schematic diagram of another communication apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application. As shown in Figure 12, the communication apparatus includes a processing module 1201 and a transceiver module 1202. The transceiver module 1202 can implement corresponding communication functions, and the processing module 1201 is configured to implement corresponding processing functions. The transceiver module 1202 can also be referred to as an interface, a communication interface, or a communication module, etc.

[0338] For example, the transceiver module 1202 is configured to receive the second measurement frame and send the first indication information.

[0339] Optionally, the processing module 1201 is configured to obtain the second CFO based on the second measurement frame.

[0340] Optionally, the transceiver module 1202 is further configured to send the first measurement frame.

[0341] Optionally, the transceiver module 1202 is further configured to receive the fourth measurement frame and send the second indication information.

[0342] Optionally, the transceiver module 1202 is further configured to send the third measurement frame.

[0343] Optionally, the transceiver module 1202 is further configured to receive the third indication information, and the processing module 1201 is configured to determine the integrity of the measurement result.

[0344] It can be understood that the specific description about the first measurement frame, the second measurement frame, the third measurement frame, the fourth measurement frame, the first CFO, the second CFO, the third CFO, the fourth CFO, the first indication information, the second indication information, the third indication information, and the like can refer to the related description in the method embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

[0345] Exemplarily, the transceiver module 1202 can include a radio frequency module, an antenna module, and the like. Exemplarily, the transceiver module 1202 can include a pin module and the like.

[0346] Optionally, in each of the above embodiments, the communication device can further include a storage module, which can be configured to store instructions and / or data, and the processing module 1201 can read the instructions and / or data in the storage module to enable the communication device to implement the foregoing method embodiments. Exemplarily, the storage module can store the transmission strategy of the radio frequency signal and the like shown above.

[0347] Exemplarily, the transceiver module 1202 can be a communication module or an interface connected with the processing module 1201, or the transceiver module 1202 can also be an input / output interface of the processing module 1201.

[0348] In each of the above embodiments, the specific description about each term or name or step can refer to the introduction in the method embodiments, which will not be described one by one here.

[0349] The specific description of the transceiver module and the processing module shown in each of the above embodiments is only an example, and for the specific functions or executed steps of the transceiver module and the processing module, etc., can refer to the above method embodiments, which will not be described here.

[0350] The communication apparatus of the embodiments of the present application is introduced above, and possible product forms of the communication apparatus are introduced below. Any product form that has the functions of the communication apparatus described in FIG. 6 falls within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application. The introduction below is only for example and does not limit the product form of the communication apparatus of the embodiments of the present application.

[0351] In a possible implementation, in the communication apparatus shown in FIG. 12, the processing module 1201 can be one or more processors, and the transceiver module 1202 can be a transceiver, or the transceiver module 1202 can also be a sending module and a receiving module, the sending module can be a transmitter, and the receiving module can be a receiver, and the sending module and the receiving module are integrated in one device, for example, a transceiver. In the embodiments of the present application, the processor and the transceiver can be coupled, and the connection mode of the processor and the transceiver is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. In the process of executing the above method, the process of sending information in the above method can be the process of outputting the above information by the processor. When the above information is output, the processor outputs the above information to the transceiver for transmission by the transceiver. After the above information is output by the processor, it can also need to be processed further before reaching the transceiver. Similarly, the process of receiving information in the above method can be the process of receiving inputted above information by the processor. When the processor receives the inputted information, the transceiver receives the above information and inputs it to the processor. Furthermore, after the transceiver receives the above information, the above information can need to be processed further before being inputted to the processor.

[0352] As shown in FIG. 13, the communication apparatus 130 includes one or more processors 1320 and a transceiver 1310.

[0353] In some embodiments of the present application, the communication apparatus can be used to execute the steps or methods or functions executed by the first node, for example, the processor 1320 can be used to execute the functions or steps implemented by the processing module 1201 shown in FIG. 12, and the transceiver 1310 can be used to execute the functions or steps implemented by the transceiver module 1202 shown in FIG. 12.

[0354] For example, the transceiver 1310 is configured to receive the first measurement frame and the first indication information, and the processor 1320 is configured to determine the integrity of the measurement result.

[0355] Optionally, the transceiver 1310 is further configured to receive the third measurement frame and the second indication information.

[0356] Optionally, the transceiver 1310 is further configured to send the second measurement frame.

[0357] Optionally, the transceiver 1310 is further configured to send the third indication information.

[0358] It can be understood that the specific description about the first measurement frame, the second measurement frame, the third measurement frame, the fourth measurement frame, the first CFO, the second CFO, the third CFO, the fourth CFO, the first indication information, the second indication information, the third indication information, etc. can refer to the related description in the above method embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

[0359] In some embodiments of the present application, the communication device is configured to perform the steps or methods or functions performed by the second node described above, for example, the processor 1320 can be configured to perform the functions or steps implemented by the processing module 1201 shown in FIG. 12, and the transceiver 1310 can be configured to perform the functions or steps implemented by the transceiving module 1202 shown in FIG. 12. For example, the transceiver 1310 is configured to receive the second measurement frame and transmit the first indication information.

[0360] Optionally, the processor 1320 is configured to obtain the second CFO based on the second measurement frame.

[0361] Optionally, the transceiver 1310 is further configured to transmit the first measurement frame.

[0362] Optionally, the transceiver 1310 is further configured to receive the fourth measurement frame and transmit the second indication information.

[0363] Optionally, the transceiver 1310 is further configured to transmit the third measurement frame.

[0364] Optionally, the transceiver 1310 is further configured to receive the third indication information, and the processor 1320 is configured to determine the integrity of the measurement result.

[0365] It can be understood that the specific description about the first measurement frame, the second measurement frame, the third measurement frame, the fourth measurement frame, the first CFO, the second CFO, the third CFO, the fourth CFO, the first indication information, the second indication information, the third indication information, etc. can refer to the related description in the above method embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

[0366] In each implementation of the communication device shown in FIG. 13, the transceiver can include a receiver configured to perform the functions (or operations) of receiving and a transmitter configured to perform the functions (or operations) of transmitting. And the transceiver is configured to communicate with other devices / apparatuses through transmission media.

[0367] Optionally, the communication device 130 can further include one or more memories 1330 for storing program instructions and / or data. The memory 1330 is coupled to the processor 1320. The coupling between the various components in the embodiments of the present application can be indirect coupling or communication connection between the communication devices, units or modules, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms, for information interaction between the communication devices, units or modules. The processor 1320 can operate in cooperation with the memory 1330. The processor 1320 can execute the program instructions stored in the memory 1330. Optionally, at least one of the one or more memories described above can be included in the processor.

[0368] The specific connection medium between the transceiver 1310, the processor 1320 and the memory 1330 in the embodiments of the present application is not limited. In FIG. 13, the memory 1330, the processor 1320 and the transceiver 1310 are connected through a bus 1340, which is represented by a thick line in FIG. 13, and the connection mode between other components is only schematically illustrated and is not limited. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For convenience of representation, only one thick line is used in FIG. 13, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or only one type of bus.

[0369] In the embodiments of the present application, the processor can be a general processor, a digital signal processor, an application specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, a discrete hardware component, etc., which can implement or execute the disclosed methods, steps and logic block diagrams in the embodiments of the present application. The general processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc. The steps of the method disclosed in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application can be directly embodied as execution completed by a hardware processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor, etc.

[0370] In the embodiments of the present application, the memory can include, but is not limited to, a non-volatile memory such as a hard disk drive (HDD) or a solid-state drive (SSD), a random access memory (RAM), an erasable programmable ROM (EPROM), a read-only memory (ROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), and the like. The memory is any storage medium that can be used to carry or store program codes in the form of instructions or data structures and can be read and / or written by a computer (such as the communication device shown in the present application and the like). The memory in the embodiments of the present application can also be a circuit or any other device capable of realizing a storage function, used for storing program instructions and / or data.

[0371] The processor 1320 is mainly used for processing communication protocols and communication data, controlling the whole communication device, executing software programs, and processing data of the software programs. The memory 1330 is mainly used for storing software programs and data. The transceiver 1310 can include a control circuit and an antenna, and the control circuit is mainly used for converting baseband signals and radio frequency signals and processing the radio frequency signals. The antenna is mainly used for receiving and transmitting radio frequency signals in the form of electromagnetic waves. The input and output devices, such as touch screens, display screens, keyboards, and the like, are mainly used for receiving user input data and outputting data to users.

[0372] When the communication device is powered on, the processor 1320 can read the software program in the memory 1330, interpret and execute the instructions of the software program, and process the data of the software program. When data needs to be transmitted wirelessly, the processor 1320 performs baseband processing on the data to be transmitted, and outputs the baseband signal to the radio frequency circuit. The radio frequency circuit converts the baseband signal into a radio frequency signal, and transmits the radio frequency signal in the form of electromagnetic waves through the antenna. When data is transmitted to the communication device, the radio frequency circuit receives the radio frequency signal through the antenna, converts the radio frequency signal into a baseband signal, and outputs the baseband signal to the processor 1320. The processor 1320 converts the baseband signal into data and processes the data.

[0373] In another implementation, the radio frequency circuit and the antenna can be arranged independently of the processor performing baseband processing, for example, in a distributed scenario, the radio frequency circuit and the antenna can be arranged remotely from the communication device.

[0374] The communication apparatus shown in the embodiments of the present application can also have more components than those shown in FIG. 13, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this. The method performed by the processor and the transceiver shown above is only an example, and the steps actually performed by the processor and the transceiver can refer to the method described above.

[0375] In another possible implementation, in the communication apparatus shown in FIG. 12, the processing module 1201 can be one or more logic circuits, and the transceiving module 1202 can be an input / output interface, also referred to as a communication interface, or an interface circuit, or an interface, etc. Alternatively, the transceiving module 1202 can also be a sending module and a receiving module, the sending module can be an output interface, and the receiving module can be an input interface, and the sending module and the receiving module are integrated in one module, for example, an input / output interface. As shown in FIG. 14, the communication apparatus shown in FIG. 14 includes a logic circuit 1401 and an interface 1402. That is, the processing module 1201 described above can be implemented by the logic circuit 1401, and the transceiving module 1202 can be implemented by the interface 1402. The logic circuit 1401 can be a chip, a processing circuit, an integrated circuit, or a system on chip (SoC) chip, etc., and the interface 1402 can be a communication interface, an input / output interface, a pin, etc. For example, FIG. 14 is a chip including the logic circuit 1401 and the interface 1402, which is derived from the above communication apparatus.

[0376] In the embodiments of the present application, the logic circuit and the interface can also be coupled to each other. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific connection mode of the logic circuit and the interface. For example, the logic circuit 1401 can be used to perform the functions or steps implemented by the processing module 1201 shown in FIG. 12, and the interface 1402 can be used to perform the functions or steps implemented by the transceiving module 1202 shown in FIG. 12.

[0377] In some embodiments of the present application, the communication apparatus shown in FIG. 14 is used to perform the steps or methods or functions performed by the first node described above.

[0378] For example, the interface 1402 is configured to input the first measurement frame and the first indication information, and the logic circuit 1401 is configured to determine the integrity of the measurement result.

[0379] Optionally, the interface 1402 is further configured to input the third measurement frame and the second indication information.

[0380] Optionally, the interface 1402 is further configured to output the second measurement frame.

[0381] Optionally, the interface 1402 is further configured to output the third indication information.

[0382] In some embodiments of the application, the communication apparatus shown in Fig. 14 is configured to perform the steps or methods or functions performed by the second node described above.

[0383] The interface 1402 is configured to input the second measurement frame and output the first indication information.

[0384] The logic circuit 1401 is configured to obtain the second CFO based on the second measurement frame.

[0385] The interface 1402 is further configured to output the first measurement frame.

[0386] The interface 1402 is further configured to input the fourth measurement frame and output the second indication information.

[0387] The interface 1402 is further configured to output the third measurement frame.

[0388] The interface 1402 is further configured to input the third indication information, and the logic circuit 1401 is configured to determine the integrity of the measurement result.

[0389] It can be understood that the specific description about the first measurement frame, the second measurement frame, the third measurement frame, the fourth measurement frame, the first CFO, the second CFO, the third CFO, the fourth CFO, the first indication information, the second indication information, the third indication information, etc. can refer to the related description in the method embodiments above, which will not be described in detail here.

[0390] The communication apparatus shown in the embodiments of the application can implement the methods provided by the embodiments of the application in the form of hardware, or implement the methods provided by the embodiments of the application in the form of software, etc., and the embodiments of the application do not limit this.

[0391] In addition, the embodiments of the application further provide a communication system, which includes a first node and a second node, and the first node and the second node can be used to perform the method in any of the preceding embodiments.

[0392] The application further provides a computer program for implementing the operations and / or processes performed by each communication apparatus or node in the methods provided by the application.

[0393] The application further provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores computer code, when the computer code is run on a computer, the computer code causes the computer to perform the operations and / or processes performed by each communication apparatus or node in the methods provided by the application.

[0394] The application further provides a computer program product comprising computer code or a computer program which, when run on a computer, causes the operations and / or processes performed by the respective communication devices or nodes in the method provided by the application to be performed.

[0395] In several embodiments provided by the application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, communication device and method can be implemented in other manners. For example, the embodiments of the communication device described above are merely schematic, and the division of the modules is merely a logical function division, and there can be another division manner in actual implementation. For example, a plurality of modules or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the displayed or discussed mutual couplings or direct couplings or communication connections between different modules can be indirect couplings or communication connections through some interfaces, communication devices or modules, and can be electric, mechanical or in other forms.

[0396] The modules illustrated as separated components can or can not be physically separated, and the components illustrated as modules can or can not be physical modules, i.e., can be located in one place, or can be distributed on a plurality of network modules. Part or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the technical effects of the solutions provided by the embodiments of the application.

[0397] In addition, each functional module in the embodiments of the application can be integrated in one processing module, or each module can exist physically independently, or two or more modules can be integrated in one module. The above integrated module can be realized in the form of hardware, or in the form of software functional module.

[0398] The integrated module, if realized in the form of software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the application essentially or the part of the prior art that makes a contribution, or all or part of the technical solutions can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a readable storage medium, including a plurality of instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the embodiments of the application. The aforementioned readable storage medium includes a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and various media that can store program codes.

[0399] The above merely provides the specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of the changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A communication method characterized by comprising: The method is applied to a first node, and comprises: receiving a first measurement frame from a second node, the first measurement frame being used by the first node to obtain a first carrier frequency offset (CFO); receiving first indication information from the second node, the first indication information indicating a second CFO, the second CFO being measured by the second node based on a second measurement frame received by the second node; determining integrity of a measurement result based on the first CFO and the second CFO.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The receiving of the first measurement frame from the second node comprises: receiving the first measurement frame from the second node via ultra-wideband.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, The first measurement frame comprises a synchronization field and / or a measurement field, the synchronization field and / or the measurement field being used to obtain the first CFO.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The first indication information further indicates accuracy information of the second CFO, the accuracy information of the second CFO comprising at least one of: accuracy information, confidence information, error bound information; and the determining of the integrity of the measurement result based on the first CFO and the second CFO comprises: determining the integrity of the measurement result based on the first CFO and the second CFO and the accuracy information of the second CFO.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The method further comprises: receiving a third measurement frame from the second node via narrowband, the third measurement frame being used by the first node to obtain a third CFO; receiving second indication information from the second node via narrowband, the second indication information indicating a fourth CFO, the fourth CFO being measured by the second node via a received fourth measurement frame; The determining of the integrity of the measurement result based on the first CFO and the second CFO comprises: determining the integrity of the measurement result based on the first CFO, the second CFO, the third CFO and the fourth CFO.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein, The method further comprises: sending the fourth measurement frame to the second node via narrowband; wherein the third measurement frame comprises a first field and a second field, the first field being used to carry a first measurement signal, and the second field being used to carry a first synchronization signal, the first measurement signal and / or the first synchronization signal being used to determine the third CFO; and the fourth measurement frame comprises a third field and a fourth field, the third field being used to carry a second measurement signal, and the fourth field being used to carry a second synchronization signal, the second measurement signal and / or the second synchronization signal being used to determine the fourth CFO.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein, The second field is located before the first field, and the fourth field is located before the third field.

8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The first measurement signal or the second measurement signal is any one of: a single-frequency sinusoidal signal, a binary phase shift keying (BPSK) signal, an amplitude shift keying (ASK) signal, or a multi-tone signal.

9. The method according to any one of claims 5-8, characterized in that, The second indication information further indicates accuracy information of the fourth CFO, and the accuracy information of the fourth CFO includes at least one of accuracy information, confidence information, and error bound information. The method further includes:

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The method further includes: The method further includes:

11. A communication method, comprising: The method further includes: The method further includes: The method further includes:

12. The method of claim 11, wherein, The method further includes: The method further includes:

13. The method of claim 12, wherein, The method further includes:

14. The method according to any one of claims 11-13, characterized in that, The method further includes:

15. The method according to any one of claims 11-14, characterized in that, The method further includes: The method further includes: The method further includes:

16. The method of claim 15, wherein, The method further includes: The method further includes: The method further includes:

17. The method of claim 16, wherein, The method further includes:

18. The method of claim 16 or 17, wherein, The method further includes:

19. The method according to any one of claims 15-18, characterized in that, The method further includes:

20. 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includes: The method further includes: The method further includes: The method further includes: The method further includes: The method further includes: The receiving third indication information from the first node, the third indication information indicating at least one of: the first CFO, the third CFO, the first CFO being measured by the first node based on a first measurement frame received by the first node, the third CFO being measured by the first node based on a third measurement frame received by the first node through a narrow band; determining the integrity of the measurement result based on the third indication information and the second CFO.

21. A communications device, characterized by comprising means for performing the method of any one of claims 1 to 10.

22. A communications device, characterized by comprising means for performing the method of any one of claims 11 to 20.

23. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer readable storage medium is configured to store a computer program, which, when executed, causes the method of any one of claims 1 to 10 to be performed.

24. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer readable storage medium is configured to store a computer program, which, when executed, causes the method of any one of claims 11 to 20 to be performed.

25. A computer program product, characterised in that, The computer program product, when executed, causes the method of any one of claims 1 to 10 to be performed.

26. A computer program product, characterised in that, The computer program product, when executed, causes the method of any one of claims 11 to 20 to be performed.

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