Sensing and communication method and apparatus

Abstract

Provided in the embodiments of the present application are a sensing and communication method and apparatus, which are used for improving the security and sensing precision of integrated communication and sensing. The method comprises: sending a first sensing signal and first check information, which is used for checking the first sensing signal, wherein the first check information is related to at least one of the following: a first key, an identifier of a first sensing service corresponding to the first sensing signal, information about a sensing mode, an identifier of a first device for sending the first sensing signal, information about a sensing region corresponding to the first sensing service, or an identifier of a second device for receiving the first sensing signal. Check information related to a sensing signal is generated by means of information related to a sensing signal, such that a receiving end can check the received sensing signal, so as to identify whether the received sensing signal is tampered with by a malicious node or is a sensing signal that is sent by the malicious node, thereby preventing the sensing signal, which is sent or tampered with by the malicious node, from affecting a sensing measurement result.

Description

A sensing communication method and apparatus

[0001] Cross Reference to Related Applications

[0002] This application claims priority to the Chinese Patent Application No. 202410780746.2, filed on June 17, 2024, and entitled "A sensing communication method and apparatus", the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a sensing communication method and apparatus. BACKGROUND

[0004] Communication and sensing integration is to integrate wireless communication and sensing functions in the same system, to realize positioning, detection, imaging and identification of targets and other sensing functions by using various propagation characteristics of wireless signals, to obtain surrounding physical environment information, to improve communication performance, and to enhance user experience. In the communication and sensing integration technology, sensing can be performed by transmitting sensing signals and receiving echo signals to obtain the position, speed and other information of targets in the environment.

[0005] Current sensing systems do not consider safety, and malicious nodes can detect sensing signal configurations or blindly detect / detect sensing signals to identify the time-frequency domain position and sequence of the sensing signals, which can accurately fake or replay or affect the sensing signals or sensing echo signals, greatly reducing the sensing accuracy. SUMMARY

[0006] The sensing communication method and apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application are used to improve the safety and sensing accuracy of communication and sensing integration.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides a sensing communication method. The execution subject of the method can be a first device or a chip or circuit on the side of the first device. The first device can be a network device or a terminal device. Taking the first device as an example, the method comprises: transmitting a first sensing signal and first verification information for verifying the first sensing signal, wherein the first verification information is related to at least one of the following: a first key, an identifier of a first sensing service corresponding to the first sensing signal, information of a sensing mode, an identifier of the first device for transmitting the first sensing signal, information of a sensing area corresponding to the first sensing service, or an identifier of a second device for receiving the first sensing signal.

[0008] This application generates verification information related to the sensing signal by using information related to the sensing signal, enabling the receiving end to verify the received sensing signal. This allows it to identify whether the received sensing signal has been tampered with by a malicious node or was sent by a malicious node, thus avoiding the influence of sensing signals sent or tampered with by malicious nodes on the sensing measurement results. Therefore, this application can improve the security of sensing and, consequently, the accuracy of sensing.

[0009] In one possible design, the first key corresponds to the first sensing service. This approach, by designing keys at the granularity of sensing services, can distinguish sensing services through keys, reduce interference between sensing signals from different sensing services, and thus further improve sensing accuracy.

[0010] In one possible design, the first key corresponds to the sensing service managed by the first sensing function network element, which in turn manages the first sensing service. This approach, by designing keys at the sensing function network element granularity, can reduce interference between sensing signals from sensing services managed by different sensing function network elements, thereby further improving sensing accuracy. Furthermore, having the same key for sensing services managed by the same sensing function network element can reduce signaling and storage overhead.

[0011] In one possible design, the first and / or second devices are terminal devices, and the first key is a key used for air interface encryption or integrity protection. This method saves the signaling overhead of transmitting the sensing key by generating verification information for verifying the sensed signal based on the key used for air interface encryption or integrity protection.

[0012] In one possible design, the sensing pattern is used to indicate the type of the first device and the type of the second device, including network devices and terminal devices.

[0013] In one possible design, the information of the perception mode is one of N candidate values. The N candidate values ​​are used to indicate N perception modes, where each of the N candidate values ​​corresponds one-to-one with one of the N perception modes, and N is an integer greater than 0.

[0014] In one possible design, the first value of the sensing mode information represents the network device's self-transmitting and self-receiving mode; the second value represents the terminal device's self-transmitting and self-receiving mode; the third value represents the network device A transmitting and network device B receiving mode; the fourth value represents the terminal device A transmitting and terminal device B receiving mode; the fifth value represents the network device transmitting and terminal device receiving mode; and the sixth value represents the terminal device transmitting and network device receiving mode.

[0015] In one possible design, the information of the sensing mode includes first information and / or second information. The first information is used to indicate whether the first device and the second device are of the same type or the same device. The second information is one of M candidate values. The M candidate values ​​are used to indicate M transceiver combinations. The transceiver combination is a combination of the types of the first device and the second device. The M candidate values ​​correspond one-to-one with the M transceiver combinations, and M is an integer greater than 0.

[0016] In one possible design, a first value for the first information indicates spontaneous transmission and reception (i.e., the first device and the second device are the same device), while a second value for the first information indicates non-spontaneous transmission and reception (i.e., the first device and the second device are different devices). The second information indicates a transceiver combination [network device, network device], or a transceiver combination [network device, terminal device], or a transceiver combination [terminal device, terminal device], or a transceiver combination [terminal device, network device].

[0017] In one possible design, the information of the sensing mode includes at least one of the following: third information, fourth information, or fifth information, wherein the third information is used to indicate whether the first device and the second device are of the same type or the same device, the fourth information is used to indicate the type of the first device, and the fifth information is used to indicate the type of the second device.

[0018] In one possible design, the first information indicates either spontaneous transmission / reception (i.e., the first device and the second device are the same device) or non-spontaneous transmission / reception (i.e., the first device and the second device are different devices). The second information indicates that the first device is a network device or that the first device is not a network device. The third information indicates that the second device is a network device or that the second device is not a network device.

[0019] In one possible design, the method further includes: obtaining a first key, which is a key stored in a unified data management network element, or, the first key is a key derived from a key stored in a unified data management network element through at least one of the following nodes: a first sensing function network element, an access and mobility management function, or a first device, wherein the first sensing function network element is used to manage the first sensing service. The above design, by deriving the key through intermediate nodes in the transmission (such as the first sensing function network element or the access and mobility management function), can further enhance the security of sensing.

[0020] In one possible design, the method further includes: receiving a second sensing signal; receiving second verification information; and verifying the second sensing signal based on the second verification information and at least one of the following: a first key, an identifier of a first sensing service, information about the sensing mode, an identifier of a first device, information about the sensing area, or an identifier of a second device.

[0021] Through the above design, in the self-transmitting and self-receiving mode, the first device can verify the received sensing signal to determine whether the received sensing signal was sent by itself. In this way, it can identify whether the received sensing signal has been tampered with by a malicious node or sent by a sensing node with a malicious node, thus avoiding the influence of sensing signals sent (or tampered with) by malicious nodes on the sensing measurement results.

[0022] In one possible design, the method further includes: if the verification fails, sending an indication message to indicate that the verification failed or that a sensing signal not sent by the first device was received. This design, by recording the data of failed verifications, helps to further improve the security of sensing.

[0023] Secondly, this application provides a sensing communication method. The execution subject of this method can be a second device, or a chip or circuit on the second device side. The second device can be a network device or a terminal device. Taking the second device as an example, the method includes: receiving a second sensing signal and second verification information; verifying the second sensing signal based on the second verification information and at least one of the following: a first key, an identifier of a first sensing service, information about the sensing mode, an identifier of a first device used to send the sensing signal of the first sensing service, information about the sensing area corresponding to the first sensing service, or an identifier of a second device used to receive the sensing signal of the first sensing service.

[0024] This application generates verification information related to the sensing signal by using information related to the sensing signal, enabling the receiving end to verify the received sensing signal. This allows it to identify whether the received sensing signal has been tampered with by a malicious node or was sent by a malicious node, thus avoiding the influence of sensing signals sent or tampered with by malicious nodes on the sensing measurement results. Therefore, this application can improve the security of sensing and, consequently, the accuracy of sensing.

[0025] In one possible design, the first key corresponds to the first sensing service. This approach, by designing keys at the granularity of sensing services, can distinguish sensing services through keys, reduce interference between sensing signals from different sensing services, and thus further improve sensing accuracy.

[0026] In one possible design, the first key corresponds to the sensing service managed by the first sensing function network element, which in turn manages the first sensing service. This approach, by designing keys at the sensing function network element granularity, can reduce interference between sensing signals from sensing services managed by different sensing function network elements, thereby further improving sensing accuracy. Furthermore, having the same key for sensing services managed by the same sensing function network element can reduce signaling and storage overhead.

[0027] In one possible design, the first and / or second devices are terminal devices, and the first key is a key used for air interface encryption or integrity protection. This method saves the signaling overhead of transmitting the sensing key by generating verification information for verifying the sensed signal based on the key used for air interface encryption or integrity protection.

[0028] In one possible design, the sensing pattern is used to indicate the type of the first device and the type of the second device, including network devices and terminal devices.

[0029] In one possible design, the information of the perception mode is one of N candidate values. The N candidate values ​​are used to indicate N perception modes, where each of the N candidate values ​​corresponds one-to-one with one of the N perception modes, and N is an integer greater than 0.

[0030] In one possible design, the first value of the sensing mode information represents the network device's self-transmitting and self-receiving mode; the second value represents the terminal device's self-transmitting and self-receiving mode; the third value represents the network device A transmitting and network device B receiving mode; the fourth value represents the terminal device A transmitting and terminal device B receiving mode; the fifth value represents the network device transmitting and terminal device receiving mode; and the sixth value represents the terminal device transmitting and network device receiving mode.

[0031] In one possible design, the information of the sensing mode includes first information and / or second information. The first information is used to indicate whether the first device and the second device are of the same type or the same device. The second information is one of M candidate values. The M candidate values ​​are used to indicate M transceiver combinations. The transceiver combination is a combination of the types of the first device and the second device. The M candidate values ​​correspond one-to-one with the M transceiver combinations, and M is an integer greater than 0.

[0032] In one possible design, a first value for the first information indicates spontaneous transmission and reception (i.e., the first device and the second device are the same device), while a second value for the first information indicates non-spontaneous transmission and reception (i.e., the first device and the second device are different devices). The second information indicates a transceiver combination [network device, network device], or a transceiver combination [network device, terminal device], or a transceiver combination [terminal device, terminal device], or a transceiver combination [terminal device, network device].

[0033] In one possible design, the information of the sensing mode includes at least one of the following: third information, fourth information, or fifth information, wherein the third information is used to indicate whether the first device and the second device are of the same type or the same device, the fourth information is used to indicate the type of the first device, and the fifth information is used to indicate the type of the second device.

[0034] In one possible design, the first information indicates either spontaneous transmission / reception (i.e., the first device and the second device are the same device) or non-spontaneous transmission / reception (i.e., the first device and the second device are different devices). The second information indicates that the first device is a network device or that the first device is not a network device. The third information indicates that the second device is a network device or that the second device is not a network device.

[0035] In one possible design, the method further includes: obtaining a first key, which is a key stored in a unified data management network element, or the first key is a key derived from a key stored in a unified data management network element through at least one of the following nodes: a first sensing function network element, an access and mobility management function, or a second device, wherein the first sensing function network element is used to manage the first sensing service.

[0036] The above design can further enhance the security of sensing by deriving the key through intermediate nodes of transmission (such as the first sensing function network element or access and mobility management function).

[0037] In one possible design, the method further includes deriving the first key based on at least one of the following: an identifier of a first sensing service, information about the sensing mode, an identifier of a first device, an identifier of a sensing area, or an identifier of a second device, wherein the result of the derivation is used to verify the first verification information. The above design, by deriving the key through a second device, can further enhance the security of the sensing process.

[0038] In one possible design, the second sensing signal is verified based on the second verification information and at least one of the following: a first key, an identifier of the first sensing service, information about the sensing mode, an identifier of the first device, information about the sensing area corresponding to the first sensing service, or an identifier of the second device, including: generating third verification information based on at least one of the following: a first key, an identifier of the first sensing service, information about the sensing mode, an identifier of the first device, information about the sensing area, or an identifier of the second device; and verifying the second verification information based on the third verification information.

[0039] In one possible design, the method further includes: if the verification fails, sending an indication message to indicate that the verification failed or that a sensing signal not sent by the first device was received. This design, by recording the data of failed verifications, helps to further improve the security of sensing.

[0040] Thirdly, this application also provides a communication device that implements any of the methods provided in the first aspect. This communication device can be implemented in hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more units or modules corresponding to the functions described above.

[0041] In one possible implementation, the communication device includes a processor configured to support the communication device in performing the corresponding functions of the first device in the method described above. The communication device may also include a memory coupled to the processor, which stores necessary program instructions and data for the communication device. Optionally, the communication device further includes interface circuitry for supporting communication between the communication device and devices such as a second device.

[0042] In one possible implementation, the communication device includes corresponding functional modules, each used to implement the steps in the above method. The functions can be implemented in hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the functions described above.

[0043] In one possible implementation, the communication device includes a processing unit and a communication unit, which can perform the corresponding functions in the above method examples, as described in the method provided in the first aspect, and will not be repeated here.

[0044] Fourthly, this application also provides a communication device that implements any of the methods provided in the second aspect above. This communication device can be implemented in hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more units or modules corresponding to the functions described above.

[0045] In one possible implementation, the communication device includes a processor configured to support the communication device in performing corresponding functions of the second device in the method described above. The communication device may also include a memory coupled to the processor, which stores necessary program instructions and data for the communication device. Optionally, the communication device further includes interface circuitry for supporting communication between the communication device and devices such as the first device.

[0046] In one possible implementation, the communication device includes corresponding functional modules, each used to implement the steps in the above method. The functions can be implemented in hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the functions described above.

[0047] In one possible implementation, the communication device includes a processing unit and a communication unit, which can perform the corresponding functions in the above method examples, as described in the method provided in the second aspect, and will not be repeated here.

[0048] Fifthly, a communication device is provided, including a processor and an interface circuit. The interface circuit is used to receive signals from other communication devices outside the communication device and transmit them to the processor, or to send signals from the processor to other communication devices outside the communication device. The processor is used to implement the methods of the first aspect and any possible design through logic circuits or execution code instructions.

[0049] In a sixth aspect, a communication device is provided, including a processor and an interface circuit. The interface circuit is configured to receive signals from other communication devices outside the communication device and transmit them to the processor, or to send signals from the processor to other communication devices outside the communication device. The processor is configured to implement the methods of the second aspect and any possible design described above through logic circuits or execution code instructions.

[0050] In a seventh aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided that stores a computer program or instructions which, when executed by a processor, implement the methods in any possible design of the first aspect and any of the aspects described above.

[0051] Eighthly, a computer-readable storage medium is provided that stores a computer program or instructions which, when executed by a processor, implement the methods in any possible design of the second aspect and any of the aspects described above.

[0052] A ninth aspect provides a chip system including a processor and potentially a memory for implementing the methods described in the first aspect and any possible designs thereof. The chip system may be composed of chips or may include chips and other discrete devices.

[0053] In a tenth aspect, a chip system is provided, comprising a processor and potentially a memory, for implementing the methods of any possible design in the second aspect and any of the preceding aspects. The chip system may be composed of chips or may include chips and other discrete devices.

[0054] Eleventhly, a communication system is provided, the system comprising the apparatus of the first aspect (such as a first device) and the apparatus of the second aspect (such as a second device).

[0055] The technical effects that can be achieved by any of the technical solutions in the third to eleventh aspects mentioned above can be described with reference to the technical effects that can be achieved by the technical solution in the first aspect mentioned above, and the repeated parts will not be repeated. Attached Figure Description

[0056] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a perception network architecture according to an embodiment of this application;

[0057] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of another sensing network architecture according to an embodiment of this application;

[0058] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0059] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the protocol stack of a network device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0060] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of an O-RAN system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0061] Figure 6 is a diagram showing the network element function division and protocol layer structure of an O-RAN device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0062] Figure 7 is a flowchart illustrating a sensing communication method according to an embodiment of this application;

[0063] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of generating first verification information when the first device and the second device are the same device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0064] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of generating first verification information when the first device and the second device are different devices according to an embodiment of this application.

[0065] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of perception verification in an embodiment of this application where the first device and the second device are the same device;

[0066] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a perception verification in an embodiment of this application where the first device and the second device are different devices;

[0067] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0068] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0069] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0070] 1) Sensing: Network devices or terminal devices acquire information such as signal strength, time difference, phase difference, and Doppler frequency shift by sending and receiving sensing signals, and output information such as the distance, angle, speed, size, and shape of the target after calculation and processing.

[0071] 2) Sensing Signal: A signal used to sense (or detect) a target (or object). Sensing signals are also called detection signals, linear frequency modulated signals, radar signals, radar sensing signals, radar detection signals, environmental sensing signals, etc. Sensing signals can be pulse signals or any signal that may be present in a wireless communication system, such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signals.

[0072] 3) Echo Signal: The echo signal is the signal reflected back to the receiver after the sensing signal is emitted from the transmitter to the target object. By performing autocorrelation processing on the echo signal and the sensing signal, and then transforming them, the time delay of the echo signal relative to the sensing signal in the time domain can be analyzed. This allows us to determine the distance of the sensing target from the transmitting source. By comparing the echo signals reflected back from the same target by different transmitted signals, we can convert the signal to the Doppler domain. Combining the Doppler and range domain analyses, we can determine the distance and velocity of the sensing target. Furthermore, the direction of the sensing target relative to the transmitting source can be determined by the beam direction of the antenna emitting the sensing signal. The echo signal can be understood as the reflected sensing signal; therefore, the echo signal can also be called the sensing signal.

[0073] 4) Sensing area: The geographical area that needs to be sensed. It can be represented by a geographical location, such as latitude and longitude information, distance, radius, etc., or it can be cell information, gNB information, or tracking area (TA) information, or information specifically introduced to indicate the sensing area.

[0074] In the embodiments of this application, "at least one" refers to one or more, and "more than one" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0075] Furthermore, unless otherwise stated, the ordinal numbers such as "first" and "second" mentioned in the embodiments of this application are used to distinguish multiple objects and are not used to limit the size, content, order, timing, priority, or importance of multiple objects. For example, "first verification information" and "second verification information" are only used to distinguish different verification information and do not indicate a difference in priority or importance between the two verification information.

[0076] The preceding text introduced some terms and concepts involved in the embodiments of this application. The following text introduces the technical background involved in the embodiments of this application.

[0077] Communication-sensing integration aims to combine wireless communication and sensing functions into a single system. Utilizing the various propagation characteristics of wireless signals, it enables sensing functions such as target localization, detection, imaging, and identification to acquire information about the surrounding physical environment, improve communication performance, and enhance user experience. In communication-sensing integration technology, network devices transmit sensing signals and receive echo signals to obtain information such as the position and speed of targets in the environment.

[0078] Current sensing systems lack security considerations. Malicious nodes can precisely forge, replay, or influence sensing signals or echo signals by detecting sensing signal configurations, or by blindly / detecting sensing signals, and identifying the time-frequency domain location and sequence of the sensing signals. This significantly reduces sensing accuracy and may also affect the availability of sensing functions. If a malicious node sends sensing signals, it will mislead the sensing receiver about the timing and angle of receiving the echo signals, directly affecting the sensing measurement results, leading to misjudgment or missed detection of sensing targets, or reduced sensing accuracy.

[0079] Based on this, embodiments of this application provide a sensing communication method and apparatus to improve the security of communication fusion sensing. The method and apparatus are based on the same technical concept. Since the principles by which the method and apparatus solve problems are similar, the implementations of the apparatus and method can refer to each other, and repeated details will not be repeated.

[0080] The technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application can be applied to integrated communication and sensing systems. An integrated communication and sensing system is a system that integrates communication and sensing systems. Sensing can also be understood as detection, such as detecting the position, distance, and angle of a target object. In an integrated communication and sensing system, one or more communication devices can be used as sensing (detection) nodes to form a sensing network. The working principle of sensing is to determine the attribute information (such as speed, distance, shape, size, etc.) of the sensed target by sending a signal and receiving the signal reflected by the sensed target (also called the echo signal). The sensed target can be a fixed object, such as mountains, forests, or buildings, or a movable object, such as a vehicle, drone, pedestrian, or terminal device. The communication device acting as a sensing node is also called a sensing device, sensing apparatus, or detector. Any device with sensing capabilities can be used as a sensing device; for example, a terminal device with sensing capabilities is a type of sensing device.

[0081] This application does not limit the type of communication system in the integrated communication and sensing system. For example, the communication system can be a communication system related to the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). For example, the communication system can be a long-term evolution (LTE), a sixth-generation (5G) mobile communication system (e.g., a new radio (NR) communication system), or it can be applied to other next-generation mobile communication systems, such as a sixth-generation (6G) communication system, or other similar communication systems. Other similar communication systems may include wireless fidelity (WIFI), vehicle-to-everything (V2X), Internet of Things (IoT) systems, narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) systems, and so on.

[0082] Referring to Figure 1, which is a schematic diagram of a potential sensing network architecture, Figure 1 is based on a 5G core network (5G core, 5GC). The network architecture shown in Figure 1 can also be an application scenario of an embodiment of this application.

[0083] In the architecture shown in Figure 1, a new sensing function (SF) network element has been added. This SF can be a device or component that provides sensing capabilities to the network, and can also be called a sensing management function (SMF), or other names. This SF can be deployed on the core network side or the RAN side; Figure 1 shows an example of deployment on the core network. In the network architecture shown in Figure 1, the SF can reuse the interface between the location management function (LMF) and other 5GC network elements such as AMF, network exposure function (NEF), unified data management (UDM), network data analytics function (NWDAF), and PCF for sensing interaction. The sensing signaling between the SF and the radio access network (RAN) or UE can be transmitted through the AMF. The sensing measurement data obtained by the RAN or UE can be transmitted to the SF through the control plane, for example, by reusing the long term evolution (LTE) positioning protocol (LPP) or the new radio (NR) positioning protocol annex (NRPPa) protocol, or it can be transmitted through the user plane, forwarded to the SF through the UPF, or directly transmitted to the SF.

[0084] The newly added SF in this network architecture can realize basic sensing functions, such as sensing authorization, sensing control, sensing measurement data processing, or result output. Specifically, interfaces are set up and interaction is established between the SF and 5GC network elements such as AMF, NEF, UDM, NWDAF, PCF, LMF, and UPF, as defined below.

[0085] NS1: A new interface between SF and AMF, which can transmit sensing and control signaling. Additionally, this interface can also transmit sensing measurement data in scenarios where sensing measurement data is uploaded to the control plane.

[0086] NS2: A new interface between SF and NEF. This interface can transmit signaling messages between sensing network elements relayed through NEF and application functions (AF) on the service side, and at the same time open the sensing results to the AF.

[0087] NS3: A new interface between SF and UDM. This interface can be used for authentication or authorization, and to obtain UE-aware subscription information, service AMF information, or other information.

[0088] NS4: A new interface between SF and NWDAF. Through this interface, SF and NWDAF can jointly complete artificial intelligence (AI) processing related to perception services.

[0089] NS5: A new interface between SF and PCF. Through this interface, SF can transmit information such as sensing requirements, quality of service (QoS) requirements, or sensing results of sensing services to PCF. PCF can then make decisions to generate policy control and charging (PCC) policies related to sensing services.

[0090] NS6: A new interface between SF and LMF. Through this interface, SF can obtain location-related information, such as the sensing area, the RAN information of the sensing target, and the location information of the sensed UE.

[0091] NS7: A new interface between SF and UPF. Sensing measurement data can be directly transmitted from (R)AN to SF via UPF, or indirectly forwarded to SF via UPF. In scenarios where (R)AN performs sensing, forwarding via UPF can improve the functionality of UPF to support data transmission at the (R)AN granularity.

[0092] In addition to the newly added interfaces mentioned above, existing interfaces (such as N1, N2, N5, N8, N33, etc.) can also support the transmission of information related to sensing services, such as authentication information, sensing service type, sensing service quality requirements, sensing measurement data, or sensing results, etc.

[0093] Figure 1 illustrates an example where the SF (Sensitive Detection) is a standalone device. Alternatively, the SF and LMF (Local Management Detector) can be co-located, meaning the network element handling sensing services and the network element handling location services can be the same. Alternatively, the SF can be co-located with other core network elements, such as the AMF (Auxiliary Location Detector). The LMF is the core network element in the 5GC that provides control plane positioning. It can calculate and feedback location information in the 5G network, providing functions such as positioning process management, UE capability acquisition, auxiliary data provision, and UE location estimation. Optionally, if the SF and LMF are co-located, the LMF and the gateway mobile location center (GMLC) can be functionally enhanced to support basic sensing functions. The GMLC can be the first network element within the operator's network to process sensing requests, performing privacy checks or authorization functions, routing sensing requests to the AMF, or performing LMF selection, etc.

[0094] For example, if the SF and LMF are co-located, an additional interface can be added between the LMF and GMLC to transmit information related to awareness services, such as adding an NL9 interface. Additionally, interfaces related to the LMF and GMLC (such as one or more of the following: NL1 interface between AMF and LMF, NL2 interface between AMF and GMLC, NL5 interface between NEF and GMLC, or NL6 interface between UDM and GMLC) can also support the transmission of information related to awareness services, as detailed below.

[0095] N33: The interface between AF and NEF, through which information such as the type of sensing business, business requirements, and sensing results can be transmitted.

[0096] NL5: The interface between NEF and GMLC, through which information such as the type of sensing business, business requirements, and sensing results can be transmitted.

[0097] NL6: The interface between GMLC and UDM, through which privacy inspection data can be transferred.

[0098] NL2: The interface between NEF and AMF, through which information such as the perceived business type, business requirements, and perceived results can be transmitted.

[0099] NL1: The interface between AMF and LMF, through which information such as perceived business type, business requirements, and perceived results can be transmitted.

[0100] NL9: A new interface between GMLC and LMF, through which information such as the type of sensing business, business requirements, and sensing results can be transmitted.

[0101] Referring again to Figure 2, which is a schematic diagram of another potential sensing network architecture based on 5GC, the network architecture shown in Figure 2 can also be another application scenario of the embodiments of this application.

[0102] In the network architecture shown in Figure 2, the SF (Sensitive Detection) is relatively independent of the existing core network elements. The SF requires little or no interaction with the core network elements. For scenarios where sensing needs exist only in a specific area, or where sensing is the only requirement, this network architecture can provide sensing services without requiring 5GC control or only requiring some network elements to participate in control. Furthermore, localized deployment of the SF ensures that sensing measurement data or results do not leave the campus, thus meeting enterprises' needs for the security and privacy of sensing measurement data or results, and reducing sensing latency. This network architecture is relatively simple, flexible, efficient, has few transmission nodes, and is easy to deploy. Optionally, this network architecture can support UE-related sensing needs, and implementation schemes for functions such as authorization, mobility management, and billing can be considered as needed.

[0103] In this network architecture, the SF can directly establish a connection with the RAN node. Control plane sensing signaling and user plane sensing measurement data can be transmitted via the newly defined interface NS1. When the UE participates in sensing, control plane signaling can be forwarded to the SF via the AMF, and sensing measurement data can be transmitted via NS1. Furthermore, there can also be an interface between the SF and 5GC network elements (such as AMF, NEF, or NWDAF) to control the AF to provide sensing service requirements to the SF through core network functions. The interface between the SF and 5GC network elements is described below.

[0104] NS1: A new interface between the SF and (R)AN, which can transmit sensing control signaling or sensing measurement data. In one implementation, the SF can also be deployed on the RAN side; for example, the SF can be co-located with access network equipment (e.g., a base station), or the SF can be a standalone device within the access network.

[0105] NS2: A new interface that may be added between SF and AMF. This interface can receive awareness service requirements from UE, or transmit signaling between SF and other network elements in the core network, such as transmitting interaction messages between SF and UDM.

[0106] NS3: A potential new interface between SF and NEF. This interface can transmit signaling between SF and the service-side AF via NEF, and can also expose the sensing results to the AF. The interaction between SF and AF may not go through NEF. In actual deployment, NS2 and NS3 may be chosen as one of the two options. That is, the AF can send sensing service requests indirectly to SF or directly to SF (without NEF) via NS2 (NEF); or, the AF can send sensing service requests to SF via N33 (NEF) and NS2 (AMF).

[0107] NS4: A potential new interface between SF and NWDAF, through which SF and NWDAF can jointly perform intelligent analysis and prediction to generate perception results.

[0108] The technical solutions provided in this application can be applied to fourth-generation (4G) mobile communication systems, such as LTE systems, or to 5G systems, such as NR systems, or to next-generation mobile communication systems or other similar communication systems, such as sixth-generation (6G) mobile communication systems, or to existing satellite mobile communication systems. No specific limitations are imposed. For example, Figures 1 and 2 are based on 5GC. In addition, SF can also be deployed in other networks, such as 6G networks, or other future communication networks.

[0109] The embodiments of this application can be applied to the scenario shown in Figure 1 or Figure 2, or they can also be used in other scenarios, such as any scenario involving sensing services.

[0110] Please refer to Figure 3, which illustrates a communication system applicable to an embodiment of this application. The communication system includes a wireless access network 100 and a core network 200. Optionally, the communication system may also include the Internet. The core network 200 may be the architecture shown in Figure 1, the architecture shown in Figure 2, or other architectures.

[0111] The wireless access network 100 may include at least one network device and at least one terminal device. For example, the wireless access network 100 includes two network devices, 110a and 110b, and terminal devices 120a to 120j. The network architecture shown in Figure 3 is only illustrative; the number of terminal devices and / or network devices may be fewer or more. The communication system described in the embodiments of this application is for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application and does not constitute a limitation on the communication system to which the embodiments of this application are applicable. For example, the communication system may also include other devices, such as wireless relay devices and wireless backhaul devices, which are not shown in Figure 3. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of network architecture, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application are also applicable to similar technical problems. When applying the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application to other communication systems, the devices, components, modules, etc. in the embodiments can be replaced with corresponding devices, components, modules in other communication systems without limitation.

[0112] In this embodiment, the network device refers to a radio access network (RAN) device. The RAN can be a 3GPP-related cellular system, such as a 5G / new radio (NR) mobile communication system, or a future-oriented evolution system (e.g., a 6G mobile communication system). The RAN can also be an open RAN (O-RAN or ORAN), a cloud radio access network (CRAN), or a virtualized RAN (vRAN), etc. The RAN can also be a communication system that integrates two or more of the above systems. The RAN device can also be called a RAN node, RAN entity, or access node, etc. Optionally, in this application, the RAN may include a sensing unit (also called a sensing module), which can be an SF network element deployed on the RAN side. Alternatively, the sensing unit can also be an SF RAN-side node independent of the core network.

[0113] In one possible scenario, a RAN node can be a base station, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB), an access point (AP), a transmission reception point (TRP), a next-generation NodeB (gNB), a next-generation network device in a 6G mobile communication system, or a network device in a future mobile communication system. A RAN node can be a macro network device, a micro network device, an indoor station, a relay node, a donor / host node, or a radio controller. RAN nodes can also be servers, wearable devices, vehicles, or in-vehicle equipment. For example, in V2X technology, a RAN node can be a roadside unit (RSU).

[0114] In another possible scenario, a RAN node can be a module or unit that performs some functions of a network device; or multiple RAN nodes can collaborate to assist terminal devices in achieving wireless access, with different RAN nodes each performing some functions of the network device. For example, a RAN node can be a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), or a radio unit (RU). The function of a CU can be implemented by a single entity or by different entities. For example, the function of a CU can be further divided, that is, the control plane and the user plane can be separated and implemented by different entities, namely the control plane CU entity (i.e., CU-control plane (CP) entity) and the user plane CU entity (i.e., CU-user plane (UP) entity). The CU-CP entity and the CU-UP entity can be coupled with the DU to jointly complete the function of the RAN node. The CU and DU can be set up separately or included in the same network element, such as in the baseband unit (BBU). Any of the units among the CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU, and RU in this application can be implemented by software modules, hardware modules, or a combination of software modules and hardware modules.

[0115] In different systems, CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU, or RU may have different names, but those skilled in the art will understand their meaning. For example, in an ORAN system, CU can also be called O-CU (open CU), DU can also be called O-DU, CU-CP can also be called O-CU-CP, CU-UP can also be called O-CU-UP, and RU can also be called O-RU. For ease of description, this application uses CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU, and RU as examples.

[0116] The CU and DU can be configured according to the protocol layer functions of the wireless network they implement: for example, the CU can be configured to implement the functions of the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer and above (such as the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer and / or the Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer); the DU can be configured to implement the functions of the protocol layers below the PDCP layer (such as the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, the Media Access Control (MAC) layer, and / or the Physical (PHY) layer). For specific descriptions of the above protocol layers, please refer to the relevant 3GPP technical specifications or the technical specifications of other applicable communication protocols.

[0117] For example, please refer to Figure 4, which is a schematic diagram of two typical protocol stacks of the network device provided in the embodiments of this application. In network device (1), the network device is divided into CU and DU. CU is configured to implement the functions of protocol layers above PDCP (e.g., RRC layer and / or SDAP layer, etc.); DU is configured to implement the functions of protocol layers below PDCP (e.g., RLC layer, MAC layer, and / or PHY layer, etc.). CU and DU communicate with each other based on the F1 interface. In network device (2), the network device is divided into CU and DU. CU includes CU-CP and CU-UP. CU-CP is used to implement the control plane functions of CU, and CU-UP is used to implement the user plane functions of CU. CU-CP and CU-UP can communicate based on the E1 interface. CU-CP and DU communicate based on the F1 interface (also called F1-C) that supports the control plane. CU-UP and DU communicate based on the F1 interface (also called F1-U) that supports the user plane. CU-CP is configured to implement the control plane and RRC layer functions of the PDCP layer, and CU-UP is configured to implement the user plane and SDAP layer functions of the PDCP layer. DU is configured to implement the functions of protocol layers below the PDCP layer (such as RLC, MAC, and / or PHY layers).

[0118] The above division of the processing functions of CU and DU according to protocol layers is merely an example; other division methods are also possible, and this application does not limit this. For example, in one design, CU or DU can be further divided into processing functions with protocol layers. In one design, some functions of the RLC layer and the functions of the protocol layer above the RLC layer are located in the CU, while the remaining functions of the RLC layer and the functions of the protocol layer below the RLC layer are located in the DU.

[0119] In another possible design, the DU and RU collaborate to implement the PHY layer functionality, or, more specifically, a portion of the PHY layer functionality of the DU can be moved to the RU. A DU can be connected to one or more RUs. The functions of the DU and RU can be configured in various ways depending on the design. For example, the DU may be configured to implement baseband functions, and the RU may be configured to implement mid-RF functions. Alternatively, the DU may be configured to implement higher-level functions in the PHY layer, and the RU may be configured to implement lower-level functions in the PHY layer, or both lower-level and RF functions. Higher-level functions in the physical layer may include a portion of the physical layer's functionality closer to the MAC layer, and lower-level functions may include another portion of the physical layer's functionality closer to the mid-RF side. This application does not limit the specific functions of the DU and RU. The interface between the DU and RU can be called a fronthaul interface. In one design, the CU may not have a PDCP layer; for example, the CU may only include an RRC layer. The CU-CP may not have PDCP-C. The CU-UP may not have PDCP-U, or may not have a CU-UP. In one design, the DU may not have an RLC layer; for example, the DU may only have a MAC and a higher PHY layer.

[0120] When the RAN is O-RAN, it can also have artificial intelligence (AI) capabilities. For example, O-RAN includes an intelligent controller. The intelligent controller can be a non-real-time RAN intelligent controller (RIC / non-RT RIC / NRT RIC) or a near-real-time RAN intelligent controller (RIC / near-RT RIC / nRT RIC). A non-real-time RIC can be used to implement non-real-time intelligent management of RAN functions, enabling workflows including model training and model updates, and guiding applications / functions in the nRT RIC based on policies. A near-real-time RIC can be used to implement near-real-time intelligent management of the RAN. Through data collection and related operations on the E2 interface, near-real-time control and optimization of O-RAN modules and resources are achieved.

[0121] In the embodiments of this application, the means for implementing the functions of the network device can be the network device itself, or it can be a means that supports the network device in implementing the functions, such as a chip system or a combination of devices or components that can implement the functions of the network device. This means can be installed in the network device. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technology or specific device form used in the network device.

[0122] In this application embodiment, any device capable of data communication with network devices can be considered a terminal device. Terminal devices are also called terminals, terminal equipment, user equipment (UE), user devices, mobile stations, or mobile terminals, etc. Terminal devices can be widely used in various scenarios. For example, terminal devices can be: mobile phones, computers, mobile internet devices (MID), wearable devices, virtual reality (VR) devices, augmented reality (AR) devices, stations (STA), robotic arms, cameras, robots, vehicles, drones, helicopters, airplanes, ships, or smart home devices (such as televisions, air conditioners, robot vacuums, speakers, set-top boxes), relays, customer premises equipment (CPE), etc.

[0123] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the terminal device can also be a terminal device in an IoT system, such as a water meter or electricity meter. IoT is an important component of future information technology development. Its main technical characteristic is connecting objects to networks through communication technology, thereby realizing an intelligent network that enables human-machine interconnection and object-to-object interconnection.

[0124] When the terminal device is applied to V2X, it can also be called a V2X device, such as a smart car, digital car, unmanned car, driverless car, pilotless car, autonomous car, pure electric vehicle, hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), range-extended electric vehicle (REEV), plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV), new energy vehicle, and RSU.

[0125] The various terminal devices described above, if located on a vehicle (e.g., placed / installed inside the vehicle), can all be considered in-vehicle terminal devices. In-vehicle terminal devices can be built into a vehicle's in-vehicle module, in-vehicle component, in-vehicle chip, or in-vehicle unit as one or more components or units. The vehicle can implement the methods of this application through the built-in in-vehicle module, in-vehicle component, in-vehicle chip, or in-vehicle unit. In-vehicle terminal devices can be vehicle equipment, in-vehicle modules, vehicles, in-vehicle units (on-board units, OBUs), remote sensing units (RSUs), in-vehicle infotainment systems (or in-vehicle transmission units) (telematics boxes, T-boxes), chips, or systems on a chip (SOCs), etc. These chips or SOCs can be installed in the vehicle, OBU, RSU, or T-box.

[0126] Figure 5 illustrates an example of an O-RAN system. It should be understood that an O-RAN system may include components other than those shown in Figure 5, without specific limitations. As shown in Figure 5, access network equipment can communicate with the core network (CN) via a backhaul link and with terminal equipment via an air interface. For example, access network equipment may include a baseband unit (BBU) and a radio unit (RU). The BBU includes at least one core unit (CU) and at least one dual unit (DU), which can communicate via at least one midhaul link. The RU can implement lower physical layer (PHY) and radio frequency (RF) functions. In some examples, the RU may be a 3GPP transmission reception point (TRP), a remote radio head (RRH), or other similar entities. In some examples, the Low-PHY may include PHY processing functions such as Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT), digital beamforming, and filtering. The BBU can communicate with the CN via the backhaul link, and the RU can communicate with at least one terminal device via the air interface. The BBU can also communicate with at least one RU via the fronthaul link. The BBU and RU can be co-located or not.

[0127] Figure 6 illustrates the network element function division and protocol layer structure of an O-RAN device. It should be noted that the CU and DU configurations shown in Figure 6 are merely examples; the functions of the CU and DU can be configured as needed. For example, the CU or DU can be configured to have more protocol layer functions, or it can be configured to have only partial protocol layer processing functions. The DU and RU can be co-located or not. The DU and RU can exchange control plane information and user plane information via the lower-layer split CUS-plane (LLS-CUS) interface through the fronthaul link. The LLS-CUS may include LLS-C and LLS-U interfaces that provide the control plane (C-Plane) and user plane (U-Plane), respectively. In some examples, the control plane (C-Plane) refers to real-time control between the DU and RU. The DU and RU exchange management information via the LLS-M interface of the fronthaul link; the management plane (M-Plane) refers to non-real-time management operations between the DU and RU.

[0128] DU and RU can cooperate to implement the functions of the PHY layer. A DU can be connected to one or more RUs. The functions of DU and RU can be configured in various ways depending on the design. For example, a DU can be configured to implement baseband functions, and an RU can be configured to implement mid-RF functions. Another example is that a DU can be configured to implement higher-level functions in the PHY layer, and an RU can be configured to implement lower-level functions in the PHY layer, or to implement both lower-level and RF functions. Higher-level functions in the physical layer can include a portion of the physical layer's functions that are closer to the MAC layer, while lower-level functions in the physical layer can include another portion of the physical layer's functions that are closer to the mid-RF side.

[0129] In the embodiments of this application, the device for implementing the functions of the terminal device can be the terminal device itself, or a device capable of supporting the terminal device in implementing the functions, such as a chip system or a combination of devices or components capable of implementing the functions of the terminal device. This device can be installed in the terminal device. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technology or specific device form used in the terminal device.

[0130] Taking a network device as an example and a UE as a terminal device, the network device and the UE can be fixed in location or mobile. The network device and the UE can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; they can also be deployed on water; and they can also be deployed on airplanes, balloons, and artificial satellites. The embodiments of this application do not limit the application scenarios of the network device and the UE.

[0131] The network architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of this application are for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of network architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0132] In the embodiments of this application, "when," "if," and "if" all refer to the device taking corresponding actions under certain objective circumstances, and are not time-limited, nor do they require the device to perform a judgment action, nor do they imply any other limitations. Unless otherwise specified, "if" and "if" can be substituted, and "when" and "in the case of" can be substituted. "When" and "if" / "if" can be substituted.

[0133] In this application, the verification information may also be referred to as a verification code, perceptual verification information, perceptual verification code, authentication code, perceptual authentication code, etc.

[0134] In this application, the sensing service can also be replaced with sensing task / sensing session, etc.

[0135] It should be noted that the naming of each message / information in this application is merely illustrative and limits the names of each message / information. For example, the perception service request mentioned below can also be called a perception activation request, perception trigger request, etc.

[0136] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0137] Figure 7 shows a flowchart of a sensing communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. This method generates verification information related to the sensing signal using information related to the sensing signal (e.g., a key, the identifier of the sensing service, information about the sensing mode, the identifier of the device sending the sensing signal, information about the sensing area, or the identifier of the device receiving the sensing signal). This allows the receiving end to verify the received sensing signal, thereby identifying whether the received sensing signal has been tampered with by a malicious node or was sent by a malicious node, or confirming whether it is a sensing signal sent by an expected node, thus avoiding the influence of maliciously sent or tampered sensing signals on the sensing measurement results.

[0138] Specifically:

[0139] S701, the first device sends the first sensing signal.

[0140] It should be noted that the first device is the device that sends the first sensing signal, and the second device in the following text is the device that receives the first sensing signal. The second device receives the sensing signal after the first device sends the sensing signal and it is reflected. Alternatively, it can be described as the second device receiving the echo signal of the sensing signal sent by the first device.

[0141] The first device and the second device can be the same device (i.e., self-transmitting and self-receiving) or they can be different devices.

[0142] The first and second devices can be network devices or terminal devices, and in the future development of communications, they can also be other devices that can send (or receive) sensing signals.

[0143] Optionally, the first device may send the aforementioned first sensing signal upon being triggered by a sensing service request sent by the SF network element. That is, before S701, the SF network element may send a sensing service request to the first device. This sensing service request is used to trigger the execution of the first sensing service corresponding to the first sensing signal, such as triggering the sending of the first sensing signal or triggering the receiving of the first sensing signal.

[0144] S702, the first device sends the first verification information.

[0145] In this application, the first verification information is used to verify the first sensing signal. Specifically, the first verification information is related to at least one of the following, or it can be described as being generated based on at least one of the following: a first key, an identifier of the first sensing service corresponding to the first sensing signal, information about the sensing mode corresponding to the first sensing service, an identifier of the first device, information about the sensing area corresponding to the first sensing service, or an identifier of the second device. See Figure 8 or Figure 9. Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of generating the first verification information when the first device and the second device are the same device. Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of generating the first verification information when the first device and the second device are different devices.

[0146] It should be noted that the input parameters in Figures 8 and 9 are only illustrative, and the input parameters for generating the first verification information can be more or fewer than those in Figures 8 or 9.

[0147] Optionally, the first verification information and the first sensing signal can be sent together or separately; no specific limitation is made here.

[0148] The following section will provide a detailed introduction to the relevant information used to generate the first verification information.

[0149] S703, the second device receives the second sensing signal.

[0150] Optionally, the second device can also receive the second sensing signal when triggered by the sensing service request sent by the SF network element. That is, before S703, the SF network element can send a sensing service request to the second device.

[0151] S704, the second device receives the second verification information.

[0152] S705, the second device verifies the second sensing signal based on the second verification information and at least one of the following: the first key, the identifier of the first sensing service, the information of the sensing mode corresponding to the first sensing service, the identifier of the first device, the information of the sensing area corresponding to the first sensing service, or the identifier of the second device.

[0153] As an example, the second device may verify the second sensing signal in the following way:

[0154] The second device generates third verification information based on at least one of the following: a first key, an identifier of a first sensing service, information about the sensing mode corresponding to the first sensing service, an identifier of the first device, information about the sensing area corresponding to the first sensing service, or an identifier of the second device.

[0155] The second device verifies the second verification information based on the third verification information. For example, the third verification information and the second verification information can be compared. If the third verification information is the same as the second verification information, the verification passes; if the third verification information is different from the second verification information, the verification fails.

[0156] Here, "verification passed" can mean that the second sensing signal was sent by the first device, or it can be understood as the second sensing signal being the echo signal of the first sensing signal, or the second sensing signal being the signal reflected from the first sensing signal. In this case, it can be understood that the second verification information and the first verification information are the same information, that is, the verification information received by the second device in S704 is the first verification information.

[0157] A failure to pass verification can indicate that the second sensing signal was not sent by the first device, or it can be understood as the second sensing signal not being an echo signal of the first sensing signal, or the second sensing signal not being a signal reflected from the first sensing signal. In this case, it can be understood that the second verification information and the first verification information are different information, that is, the verification information received by the second device in S704 is not the first verification information.

[0158] Optionally, if the verification passes, the second device can process the second sensing signal, for example, by processing the sensing waveform / generating sensing data / sensing results based on the second sensing signal. For example, the sensing data may include: range Doppler spectrum or range Doppler angle spectrum, distance / velocity (DV) spectrum, distance / velocity / angle (DVA) spectrum, range / velocity (RV) spectrum, distance / velocity / angle (DVA) spectrum, point cloud data, etc., and the sensing results may include information such as the velocity, distance, shape, and size of the sensed target.

[0159] If the verification fails, the second device can discard the second sensing signal. Alternatively, the second device can send indication information to core network elements such as AMF network elements / SF network elements, indicating that the verification failed or that a sensing signal not sent by the first device was received.

[0160] Understandably, if the first device and the second device are the same device, the actions of the second device can be performed by the first device. Optionally, in this scenario, the first device can verify the second verification information based on the first verification information when verifying the second verification information, without needing to generate the third verification information.

[0161] For details on how the second device obtains the first key and how it generates the third verification information, please refer to the relevant description of the first device; these details will not be repeated here.

[0162] This application generates verification information related to the sensing signal by using information related to the sensing signal, enabling the receiving end to verify the received sensing signal. This allows it to identify whether the received sensing signal has been tampered with by a malicious node or was sent by a malicious node, thus avoiding the influence of sensing signals sent or tampered with by malicious nodes on the sensing measurement results. Therefore, this application can improve the security of sensing and, consequently, the accuracy of sensing.

[0163] The following section introduces the relevant information used to generate the first verification information.

[0164] 1. First Key

[0165] The first key can be defined for sensing, or it can be described as a key specific to sensing services. In this approach, the first key can also be called the sensing key. Alternatively, the first key can be reused as a key used for air interface encryption or integrity protection, meaning the first device can reuse the air interface encryption or integrity protection key to generate verification information for the first sensing signal. For example, in a scenario where the first device and / or the second device are terminal devices, the first key is a key used for air interface encryption or integrity protection.

[0166] The two solutions mentioned above will be explained separately below.

[0167] Option 1: The first key is defined for perception.

[0168] In this scheme, the key can be at the service-level granularity. For example, service A corresponds to key A, meaning key A is used to generate verification information for the sensing signal of service A, and service B corresponds to key B, meaning key B is used to generate verification information for the sensing signal of service B. Based on this, the first key of this application can correspond to the first sensing service. This method, by designing a key at the service-level granularity, can distinguish sensing services through the key, and different services can generate different verification information, further improving the security of sensing and thus further improving the accuracy of sensing.

[0169] Alternatively, the key can also be at the SF network element granularity. For example, the sensing service managed by SF network element 1 corresponds to key 1, meaning key 1 is used to generate verification information for the sensing signals of the sensing service managed by SF network element 1. The sensing service managed by SF network element 2 corresponds to key 2, meaning key 2 is used to generate verification information for the sensing signals of the sensing service managed by SF network element 2. Based on this, the first key in this application can correspond to the sensing service managed by the first SF network element, and the first SF network element is used to manage the first sensing service. This method, by designing keys at the sensing function network element granularity, allows sensing services managed by different sensing function network elements to have different sensing verification information, further improving the security of sensing and thus further improving the accuracy of sensing. Furthermore, having the same key for sensing services managed by the same sensing function network element can reduce signaling overhead and storage overhead.

[0170] Of course, keys can also be of other granularities, which will not be listed here.

[0171] In this scheme, there are multiple ways to obtain the first key. For example, the first key can be determined by the first device based on a key obtained from the first network element. For instance, the first key can be derived by the first device from a key obtained from the first network element. The first network element can be an AMF network element, an SF network element, a UDM network element, etc. Another example is that the first key can also be obtained by the first device based on the access network key K. gNB Generated. Among them, K gNB This is the access layer key. K gNB Please refer to the 3GPP TS 33.501 protocol regarding the air interface encryption and integrity protection functions for RRC signaling and user plane data between terminal equipment and network equipment, specifically the section on K. gNB The relevant descriptions will not be elaborated here.

[0172] The process of the first device obtaining the first key from the first network element is described below.

[0173] In this method, the root key used for sensing can be generated / stored by core network elements such as UDM network elements or SF network elements. In this method, the first device can receive the first key. The first key can be a key stored in the UDM network element, or the first key can be a key derived from the key stored in the UDM network element through at least one of the following nodes: the first SF network element, the AMF network element, or the first device.

[0174] The following section uses the generation / storage of the root key for the first sensing service by the UDM network element as an example to introduce the key transmission process. The root key can be at the sensing service granularity or the SF network element granularity; no specific limitation is made here.

[0175] Example 1: The UDM network element can send the root key of the first sensing service or a key derived from the UDM network element to the AMF network element. The AMF network element can forward the received key to the first device, or it can send the key derived again from the AMF network element to the first device. After receiving the key sent by the AMF network element, the first device can directly use the key as an input parameter to generate the verification information of the first sensing signal, or it can derive the received key and use the derived key as an input parameter to generate the verification information of the first sensing signal.

[0176] Example 2: The UDM network can send the root key of the first sensing service or a key derived from the UDM network element to the SF network element. The SF network element can forward the received key to the AMF network element, or it can send a key derived again from the SF network element to the AMF network element. The AMF network element can forward the received key to the first device, or it can send a key derived again from the AMF network element to the first device. After receiving the key sent by the AMF network element, the first device can directly use the key as an input parameter to generate the verification information of the first sensing signal, or it can derive the received key and use the derived key as an input parameter to generate the verification information of the first sensing signal.

[0177] Example 3: The UDM network can send the root key of the first sensing service or a key derived from the UDM network element to the SF network element. The SF network element can forward the received key to the first device, or it can send a key derived again from the SF network element to the first device. After receiving the key sent by the SF network element, the first device can directly use the key as an input parameter to generate the verification information of the first sensing signal, or it can derive the received key and use the derived key as an input parameter to generate the verification information of the first sensing signal.

[0178] Taking Example 2 as an example, as shown in Figure 10 or Figure 11. Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of perception verification when the first device and the second device are the same device. Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of perception verification when the first device and the second device are different devices.

[0179] The following section uses the generation / storage of the root key for the first sensing service by an SF network element as an example to introduce the key transmission process. The root key can be at the sensing service granularity or the SF network element granularity; no specific limitation is made here.

[0180] Example 4: The SF network element can send the root key of the first sensing service or a key derived from the SF network element to the first device. After receiving the key sent by the SF network element, the first device can directly use the key as an input parameter to generate the verification information of the first sensing signal, or it can derive the received key and use the derived key as an input parameter to generate the verification information of the first sensing signal.

[0181] Example 5: The SF network element can send the root key of the first sensing service or a key derived from the SF network element to the AMF network element. The AMF network element can forward the received key to the first device, or it can send the key derived again from the AMF network element to the first device. After receiving the key sent by the AMF network element, the first device can directly use the key as an input parameter to generate the verification information of the first sensing signal, or it can derive the received key and use the derived key as an input parameter to generate the verification information of the first sensing signal.

[0182] Compared to transmitting keys in plaintext, the above scheme can improve security.

[0183] The above describes how the first device obtains the first key.

[0184] In the previous description of how the first device obtains the first key, we mentioned the process of deriving the key, such as the UDM network element deriving the root key, the SF network element deriving the received key, and the first device deriving the first key. Here, we introduce one method of key derivation.

[0185] In one possible implementation, the aforementioned device (e.g., UDM network element / SF network element / AMF network element / first device, etc.) can derive the received key based on at least one of the following pieces of information: the identifier of the device (e.g., the identifier of the UDM network element used to derive the key; the identifier of the SF network element used to derive the key, etc.), the identifier of the first sensing service, the sensing mode information, the identifier of the first device, the identifier of the sensing area, or the identifier of the second device. The specific definitions of the identifier of the first sensing service, the sensing mode information, the identifier of the first device, the identifier of the sensing area, or the identifier of the second device are given below.

[0186] For example, in this application, deriving a key can be understood as performing a key derivation function (KDF) algorithm on the key, wherein the above information can be used as input to the KDF algorithm.

[0187] As described above, after receiving the key, the first device can derive from the received key and generate first verification information based on the derivation result. One possible approach is that the information input during the key derivation process by the first device can be omitted as input for generating the first verification information. For example, the first device can derive the first key based on the identifier of the first sensing service, the identifier of the first device, and the identifier of the second device, and generate the first verification information based on the result of the first key derivation, the sensing mode information, and the sensing area information corresponding to the first sensing service. This approach can reduce the complexity of sensing verification.

[0188] In the first method described above, the SF network element can send a first key to the first device (e.g., in Examples 3 and 4 above). In this method, the first key sent by the SF network element to the first device can be sent together with the sensing service request, for example, carried within the sensing service request. Alternatively, it can be sent before the sensing service request, or after the sensing service request.

[0189] Option 2: The first key is reused for air interface encryption or integrity protection.

[0190] In this scheme, the first key can be one of the following keys: K RRCint K RRCenc K UPint 、or K Upenc Among them, K RRCint Key used for RRC signaling integrity protection. RRCenc Used for RRC signaling encryption keys. K UPint Key used for user plane integrity protection. K Upenc Used for user-plane encryption keys. K RRCint K RRCenc K UPint and K Upenc For details, please refer to the relevant descriptions in the 3GPP TS 33.501 protocol regarding the air interface encryption and integrity protection functions for RRC signaling and user plane data between terminal equipment and network equipment; further explanation will not be provided here.

[0191] To prevent data eavesdropping and tampering, air interface encryption and integrity protection functions for RRC signaling and user plane data between terminal devices and network devices are currently defined. Air interface encryption prevents data eavesdropping, while integrity protection prevents data tampering. These methods generate verification information for verifying sensed signals based on the keys used for air interface encryption or integrity protection, thus saving the signaling overhead of transmitting the sensing keys.

[0192] Optionally, in the above implementation, the method for obtaining the first key can refer to the method in the 3GPP protocol for terminal devices to obtain keys used for air interface encryption or integrity protection.

[0193] 2. Identification of the first perception service

[0194] The identifier of the first sensing service, also known as the index of the first sensing service, can be information generated by SF, AF, or AMF network elements to identify the first sensing service. For example, the identifier of the first sensing service can be an integer value, a bit string, etc., where the bit string includes one or more bits.

[0195] 3. Information about the perception pattern

[0196] The sensing mode can be used to indicate the type of the first device and the type of the second device, including network devices and terminal devices. For example, the sensing mode can include network device self-transmission and self-reception mode, terminal device self-transmission and self-reception mode, network device A transmitting and network device B receiving mode, terminal device A transmitting and terminal device B receiving mode, network device transmitting and terminal device receiving mode, and terminal device transmitting and network device receiving mode.

[0197] Among them, the self-transmitting and self-receiving mode of network devices can be understood as the first device and the second device being the same device and of the type being network devices;

[0198] The self-transmitting and self-receiving mode of terminal devices can be understood as the first device and the second device being the same device and of the type being a terminal device.

[0199] The "network device A transmits, network device B receives" mode can be understood as the first and second devices being different devices, both of which are network devices.

[0200] The "Terminal Device A transmits, Terminal Device B receives" mode can be understood as the first device and the second device being different devices, both of which are terminal devices.

[0201] The network device transmits and the terminal device receives mode can be understood as the first device being a network device and the second device being a terminal device.

[0202] The terminal device transmits and the network device receives modes can be understood as the first device being a terminal device and the second device being a network device.

[0203] The following are three examples illustrating information about the perception pattern.

[0204] Example 1: The information of the perception mode corresponding to the first perception service is one of N candidate values. The N candidate values ​​are used to indicate N perception modes. The N candidate values ​​correspond one-to-one with the N perception modes, and N is an integer greater than 0.

[0205] Taking the above six sensing modes as an example, the information of the sensing mode can be a number (such as a decimal number or a binary number). Among them, the number 0 represents the self-transmitting and self-receiving mode of the network device, the number 1 represents the self-transmitting and self-receiving mode of the terminal device, the number 2 represents the mode of network device A transmitting and network device B receiving, the number 3 represents the mode of terminal device A transmitting and terminal device B receiving, the number 4 represents the mode of network device transmitting and terminal device receiving, and the number 5 represents the mode of terminal device transmitting and network device receiving.

[0206] Example 2: The information of the perception mode includes first information and / or second information. The first information is used to indicate whether the first device and the second device are of the same type or the same device. The second information is one of M candidate values. The M candidate values ​​are used to indicate M transceiver combinations. The transceiver combination is a combination of the type of the first device and the type of the second device. The M candidate values ​​correspond one-to-one with the M transceiver combinations. M is an integer greater than 0.

[0207] For example, when the first information is 0, it indicates spontaneous transmission and reception (i.e., the first and second devices are the same device); when the first information is 1, it indicates non-spontaneous transmission and reception (i.e., the first and second devices are different devices). When the second information is 0, it indicates a transmit / receive combination of [network device, network device], meaning both the first and second devices are network devices. When the second information is 1, it indicates a transmit / receive combination of [network device, terminal device], meaning both the first and second devices are network devices. When the second information is 2, it indicates a transmit / receive combination of [terminal device, terminal device], meaning both the first and second devices are terminal devices. When the second information is 3, it indicates a transmit / receive combination of [terminal device, network device], meaning both the first and second devices are network devices.

[0208] Taking the first sensing service's sensing mode as the network device's self-transmitting and self-receiving mode as an example, the first information can be 0, and the second information can be 0.

[0209] Taking the first sensing service's sensing mode as the terminal device's self-transmitting and self-receiving mode as an example, the first information can be 0, and the second information can be 2.

[0210] Taking the first sensing service with the sensing mode of network device A sending and network device B receiving as an example, the first information can be 1, and the second information can be 0.

[0211] Taking the first sensing service's sensing mode as terminal device A transmitting to terminal device B as an example, the first information can be 1, and the second information can be 2.

[0212] Taking the first sensing service's sensing mode as the network device sending and terminal device receiving mode as an example, the first information can be 1, and the second information can be 1.

[0213] Taking the first sensing service's sensing mode as the terminal device sending and the network device receiving mode as an example, the first information can be 1, and the second information can be 3.

[0214] Example 3: The information of the perception mode includes at least one of the following: third information, fourth information or fifth information, wherein the third information is used to indicate whether the first device and the second device are of the same type or the same device, the fourth information is used to indicate the type of the first device, and the fifth information is used to indicate the type of the second device.

[0215] For example, a first information value of 0 indicates spontaneous transmission and reception (i.e., the first and second devices are the same device), while a first information value of 1 indicates non-spontaneous transmission and reception (i.e., the first and second devices are different devices). A second information value of 0 indicates that the first device is a network device, while a second information value of 1 indicates that the first device is not a network device, which can also be interpreted as the first device being a terminal device. A third information value of 0 indicates that the second device is a network device, while a third information value of 1 indicates that the second device is not a network device, which can also be interpreted as the second device being a terminal device.

[0216] Taking the first sensing service's sensing mode as the network device's self-transmitting and self-receiving mode as an example, the first information can be 0, the second information can be 0, and the third information can be 0.

[0217] Taking the first sensing service as an example where the terminal device transmits and receives information in a self-transmitting and self-receiving mode, the first information can be 0, the second information can be 1, and the third information can be 1.

[0218] Taking the first sensing service with the sensing mode of network device A sending and network device B receiving as an example, the first information can be 1, the second information can be 0, and the third information can be 0.

[0219] Taking the first sensing service's sensing mode as terminal device A transmitting to terminal device B as an example, the first information can be 1, the second information can be 1, and the third information can be 1.

[0220] Taking the first sensing service's sensing mode as the network device sending and terminal device receiving mode as an example, the first information can be 1, the second information can be 0, and the third information can be 1.

[0221] Taking the first sensing service's sensing mode as the terminal device sending and the network device receiving mode as an example, the first information can be 1, the second information can be 1, and the third information can be 0.

[0222] 4. Information from the sensing area

[0223] The information of the sensing area can be an identifier / index corresponding to the sensing area. For example, this identifier / index can be generated by an SF network element / AMF network element.

[0224] For example, the identifier / index corresponding to the sensing area can be an integer value, a bit string, etc., where the bit string includes one or more bits.

[0225] The above describes the relevant information used to generate the first verification information. It should be noted that when generating the first verification information based on identifiers such as the identifier of the first sensing service, the identifier of the first device, the identifier of the second device, or the identifier of the sensing area, all information (or all bits) of the identifier can be input, or only some information (or some bits) of the identifier can be input. For example, at least one bit of the most significant bit (MSB) or at least one bit of the least significant bit (LSB) of the identifier can be input, and so on. These will not be listed here.

[0226] The above describes a scheme for generating verification information for the sensing signal based on the first key. Optionally, if the sensing signal carries information, the first key can also encrypt the information. This can be done by encrypting only the information, meaning the sensing signal carries the information encrypted with the first key. Alternatively, the entire sensing signal carrying information can be encrypted using the first key.

[0227] This application generates verification information related to the sensing signal by using information related to the sensing signal, enabling the receiving end to verify the received sensing signal. This allows it to identify whether the received sensing signal has been tampered with by a malicious node or was sent by a malicious node, thus avoiding the influence of sensing signals sent or tampered with by malicious nodes on the sensing measurement results. Therefore, this application can improve the security of sensing and, consequently, the accuracy of sensing.

[0228] Based on the same inventive concept as the method embodiment, this application provides a communication device, the structure of which can be as shown in FIG12, including a communication unit 1201 and a processing unit 1202.

[0229] In one embodiment, the communication device can specifically be used to implement the method executed by the first device in the embodiment of FIG7. The device can be the first device itself, or a chip or chipset in the first device, or a part of the chip for executing the relevant method function. Specifically, the processing unit 1202 is used to send a first sensing signal and first verification information through the communication unit 1201. The first verification information is related to at least one of the following: a first key, an identifier of a first sensing service corresponding to the first sensing signal, information about the sensing mode, an identifier of the first device, information about the sensing area corresponding to the first sensing service, or an identifier of a second device. The first device is used to send the first sensing signal, the second device is used to receive the first sensing signal, and the first verification information is used to verify the first sensing signal.

[0230] Optionally, the processing unit 1202 is further configured to receive the first key through the communication unit 1201. The first key is a key stored in the unified data management network element, or the first key is a key derived from the key stored in the unified data management network element through at least one of the following nodes: a first sensing function network element, or an access and mobility management function. The first sensing function network element is used to manage the first sensing service.

[0231] Optionally, the processing unit 1202 is further configured to derive the first key based on at least one of the following: the identifier of the first sensing service, information of the sensing mode, the identifier of the first device, the identifier of the sensing area, or the identifier of the second device, wherein the result of the derivation is used to generate the first verification information.

[0232] Optionally, the processing unit 1202 is further configured to receive a second sensing signal and receive second verification information through the communication unit 1201; and to verify the second sensing signal according to the second verification information and at least one of the following: the first key, the identifier of the first sensing service, the information of the sensing mode, the identifier of the first device, the information of the sensing area, or the identifier of the second device.

[0233] Optionally, if the verification fails, the processing unit 1202 is further configured to send indication information through the communication unit 1201, the indication information being used to indicate that the verification failed or that a sensing signal not sent by the first device was received.

[0234] In one embodiment, the communication device can specifically be used to implement the method executed by the second device in the embodiment of FIG7. The device can be the second device itself, or a chip or chipset in the second device, or a part of the chip for executing the relevant method function. Specifically, the communication unit 1201 is used to receive a second sensing signal and second verification information; the processing unit 1202 is used to verify the second sensing signal according to the second verification information and at least one of the following: a first key, an identifier of a first sensing service, information about the sensing mode, an identifier of the first device, information about the sensing area corresponding to the first sensing service, or an identifier of the second device. The first device is used to send the sensing signal of the first sensing service, and the second device is used to receive the sensing signal of the first sensing service.

[0235] Optionally, the communication unit 1201 is further configured to receive the first key, wherein the first key is a key stored in the unified data management network element, or the first key is a key derived from the key stored in the unified data management network element through at least one of the following nodes: a first sensing function network element, or an access and mobility management function, wherein the first sensing function network element is used to manage the first sensing service.

[0236] Optionally, the processing unit 1202 is further configured to derive the first key based on at least one of the following: the identifier of the first sensing service, information of the sensing mode, the identifier of the first device, the identifier of the sensing area, or the identifier of the second device, wherein the result of the derivation is used to verify the first verification information.

[0237] Optionally, the processing unit 1202 is specifically configured to generate third verification information based on at least one of the following: the first key, the identifier of the first sensing service, the information of the sensing mode, the identifier of the first device, the information of the sensing area, or the identifier of the second device; and to verify the second verification information based on the third verification information.

[0238] Optionally, if the verification fails, the communication unit 1201 is also used to send indication information, which is used to indicate that the verification failed or that a sensing signal not sent by the first device was received.

[0239] The module division in this application embodiment is illustrative and represents only one logical functional division. In actual implementation, other division methods may be used. Furthermore, the functional modules in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into a single processor, exist as separate physical entities, or be integrated into a single module. The integrated modules described above can be implemented in hardware or as software functional modules. It is understood that the functions or implementations of the modules in the embodiments of this application can be further described in the relevant descriptions of the method embodiments.

[0240] In one possible embodiment, the communication device can be as shown in FIG13. This device can be a communication equipment or a chip within a communication equipment, wherein the communication equipment can be either the first device or the second device described in the above embodiments. The device includes a processor 1301 and a communication interface 1302, and may also include a memory 1303. The processing unit 1202 can be the processor 1301. The communication unit 1201 can be the communication interface 1302. Optionally, the processor 1301 and the memory 1303 can also be integrated together.

[0241] The processor 1301 can be a CPU, a digital processing unit, or something similar. The communication interface 1302 can be a transceiver, an interface circuit such as a transceiver circuit, or a transceiver chip, etc. The device also includes a memory 1303 for storing the program executed by the processor 1301. The memory 1303 can be non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk drive (HDD) or a solid-state drive (SSD), or it can be volatile memory, such as random-access memory (RAM). The memory 1303 can be any other medium capable of carrying or storing desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures that can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited to this.

[0242] The processor 1301 is used to execute the program code stored in the memory 1303, specifically to perform the actions of the processing unit 1202, which will not be described in detail here. The communication interface 1302 is specifically used to perform the actions of the communication unit 1201, which will not be described in detail here.

[0243] This embodiment does not limit the specific connection medium between the communication interface 1302, processor 1301, and memory 1303. In Figure 13, the memory 1303, processor 1301, and communication interface 1302 are connected via a bus 1304, which is represented by a thick line. The connection methods between other components are merely illustrative and not intended to be limiting. Buses can be categorized as address buses, data buses, control buses, etc. For ease of illustration, only one thick line is used in Figure 13, but this does not imply that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0244] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing computer software instructions required to execute the processor, including a program required to execute the processor.

[0245] This application also provides a communication system, including a communication device for implementing the function of a first device in the embodiment of FIG7 and a communication device for implementing the function of a second device in the embodiment of FIG7.

[0246] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0247] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to this application. It should be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in one or more blocks of the flowchart illustrations and / or one or more blocks of the block diagrams.

[0248] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means that implement the functions specified in one or more flowcharts and / or one or more block diagrams.

[0249] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process, such that the instructions, which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus, provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more flowcharts and / or one or more block diagrams.

[0250] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the scope of this application. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method of cognitive communication, the method comprising: The method comprises: sending a first sensing signal; sending first check information, the first check information being related to at least one of the following: a first key, an identifier of a first sensing service corresponding to the first sensing signal, information of a sensing mode, an identifier of a first device for sending the first sensing signal, information of a sensing area corresponding to the first sensing service, or an identifier of a second device for receiving the first sensing signal, the first check information being used for checking the first sensing signal.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The first key corresponds to the first sensing service, or the first key corresponds to a sensing service managed by a first sensing function network element, the first sensing function network element being used for managing the first sensing service.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The first device and / or the second device are terminal devices, and the first key is a key used for air interface encryption or integrity protection.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The sensing mode is used for indicating types of the first device and the second device, and the types include network devices and terminal devices.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein, The information of the sensing mode is one of N candidate values, the N candidate values being used for indicating N sensing modes, wherein the N candidate values correspond to the N sensing modes one by one, and N is an integer greater than 0. Alternatively, the information of the sensing mode includes first information and / or second information, the first information being used for indicating whether the first device and the second device are of the same type or the same device, and the second information being one of M candidate values, the M candidate values being used for indicating M transceiving combinations, the transceiving combination being a combination of the type of the first device and the type of the second device, the M candidate values corresponding to the M transceiving combinations one by one, and M being an integer greater than 0. Alternatively, the information of the sensing mode includes at least one of third information, fourth information or fifth information, wherein the third information is used for indicating whether the first device and the second device are of the same type or the same device, the fourth information is used for indicating the type of the first device, and the fifth information is used for indicating the type of the second device.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, The method further comprises: obtaining the first key, the first key being a key saved by a unified data management network element, or the first key being a key derived from the key saved by the unified data management network element through at least one of the following nodes: a first sensing function network element, an access and mobility management function, or the first device, the first sensing function network element being used for managing the first sensing service.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein The method further comprises: receiving a second sensing signal; receiving second check information; checking the second sensing signal according to the second check information and at least one of the following: the first key, the identifier of the first sensing service, the information of the sensing mode, the identifier of the first device, the information of the sensing area, or the identifier of the second device.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein, The method further comprises: if the verification fails, sending indication information, the indication information being used for indicating that the checking fails or that a sensing signal that is not sent by the first device is received.

9. A method of cognitive communication, the method comprising: The method comprises: receiving a second sensing signal; receiving second check information; verify the second sensing signal according to the second verification information and at least one of the following: the first key, an identifier of the first sensing service, information of a sensing mode, an identifier of the first device, information of a sensing area corresponding to the first sensing service, or an identifier of the second device, the first device being configured to send a sensing signal of the first sensing service, and the second device being configured to receive the sensing signal of the first sensing service.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein, The first key corresponds to the first sensing service, or the first key corresponds to a sensing service managed by a first sensing function network element, the first sensing function network element being configured to manage the first sensing service.

11. The method of claim 9, wherein, The first device and / or the second device are terminal devices, and the first key is a key used for air interface encryption or integrity protection.

12. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that, The sensing mode is used to indicate types of the first device and the second device, and the types include network devices and terminal devices.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein, The information of the sensing mode is one of N candidate values, the N candidate values being used to indicate N sensing modes, the N candidate values corresponding to the N sensing modes one by one, and N being an integer greater than 0. Or, the information of the sensing mode includes first information and / or second information, the first information being used to indicate whether the first device and the second device are of the same type or the same device, and the second information being one of M candidate values, the M candidate values being used to indicate M transceiving combinations, the transceiving combination being a combination of a type of the first device and a type of the second device, the M candidate values corresponding to the M transceiving combinations one by one, and M being an integer greater than 0. Or, the information of the sensing mode includes at least one of third information, fourth information, or fifth information, the third information being used to indicate whether the first device and the second device are of the same type or the same device, the fourth information being used to indicate the type of the first device, and the fifth information being used to indicate the type of the second device.

14. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that, The method further includes: obtaining the first key, the first key being a key saved by a unified data management network element, or the first key being a key derived from the key saved by the unified data management network element through at least one of the following nodes: a first sensing function network element, an access and mobility management function, or the second device, the first sensing function network element being configured to manage the first sensing service.

15. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 14, wherein, The verifying the second sensing signal according to the second verification information and at least one of the following: the first key, an identifier of the first sensing service, information of a sensing mode, an identifier of the first device, information of a sensing area corresponding to the first sensing service, or an identifier of the second device, includes: generating third verification information according to at least one of the following: the first key, the identifier of the first sensing service, the information of the sensing mode, the identifier of the first device, the information of the sensing area, or the identifier of the second device; verifying the second verification information according to the third verification information.

16. The method of any one of claims 9-15, wherein, The method further includes: If the verification is not passed, sending indication information indicating that the verification is not passed or that a sensing signal not sent by the first device is received.

17. A communications device, characterized by comprising means or modules for performing the method of any of claims 1-8.

18. A communications device, characterized by comprising means or modules for performing the method of any of claims 9-16.

19. A communications device, characterized by comprising a processor and a memory for storing program instructions, which when executed by the processor, cause the method of any of claims 1-8 to be performed.

20. A communications device, characterized by comprising a processor and a memory for storing program instructions, which when executed by the processor, cause the method of any of claims 9-16 to be performed.

21. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer readable storage medium stores computer readable instructions which, when run on a communications device, cause the method of any of claims 1-8, or the method of any of claims 9-16 to be performed.

22. A computer program product, characterised in that, The computer program product, when run on a device, causes the device to perform the method of any of claims 1-8, or the method of any of claims 9-16.

Images