Cable, active cable and communication system

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of communications. Provided are a cable, an active cable and a communication system. The cable comprises a dielectric layer, a first metal layer and at least two cores, the first metal layer covering the dielectric layer, and the at least two cores being located in the dielectric layer. The distance S between the centers of any two cores satisfies 1.97d≤S≤3.60d, and the distance w between the center of any core and the inner wall of the first metal layer satisfies 1.15d≤w≤2.10d, d being the diameter of the core and being determined according to the size of the cable. The present application enables cables to achieve the transmission of multiple signals under small cable diameters, thereby facilitating the weight reduction and thinning of cables.

Description

Cable, active cable and communication system

[0001] The present application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 202410855395.7, filed on June 27, 2024, entitled "Cable, active cable and communication system", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, in particular to a cable, an active cable and a communication system. BACKGROUND

[0003] In the field of communication, when networking is performed using routers, switches and computer devices, etc., since electrical modules have lower cost and power consumption compared with optical modules, it is desirable to use electrical modules as much as possible to perform interconnection between devices or within a device, and to implement large-scale networking.

[0004] For example, a passive cable or an active cable includes a cable and electrical modules connected at both ends of the cable. The electrical module at one end of the cable is plugged into one device, and the electrical module at the other end is plugged into another device, so that the two devices are interconnected through the active cable or the passive cable. The electrical module of the passive cable has no active chip and is applied in a short-distance interconnection scenario. The electrical module of the active cable has an active chip and can increase the interconnection distance, and is applied in a long-distance interconnection scenario.

[0005] With the expansion of the scale of networking, the number of communication devices included in the network architecture of the network increases, and the number of cables used also increases. A large number of cables are bundled together, which is heavy and can crush the device. A large number of cables are bundled together, which occupies a large space and easily blocks the ventilation duct of the device.

[0006] It can be seen that in the current large-scale networking using cables, there is a demand for cable weight reduction and thinning. SUMMARY

[0007] The present application provides a cable, an active cable and a communication system. The cable can realize transmission of multiple signals at a smaller diameter.

[0008] In a first aspect, a cable is provided. The cable includes a dielectric layer, a first metal layer and at least two electrical cores. The first metal layer is wrapped outside the dielectric layer, and the at least two electrical cores are located in the dielectric layer.

[0009] The diameter of the cable is determined according to the center distance S between any two electrical cores, the distance w between the center of any one electrical core and the inner wall of the first metal layer, and the diameter d of the electrical core. The cable is used to transmit multiple single-ended signals.

[0010] In the scheme shown in the application, the single cable includes multiple cores, the multiple cores share the medium layer and the first metal layer, so that the cable has a smaller line diameter, which is conducive to weight reduction (referred to as weight reduction) and diameter thinning (referred to as thinning) of the cable.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the value of S and the value of w satisfy 1≤S / w≤2.5.

[0012] In the scheme shown in the application, in the case of 1≤S / w≤2.5, the line diameter (such as line width) of the multi-core cable can be smaller than the total line diameter of the bundled coaxial cable (in the case of the same core), so that the multi-core cable can realize transmission of multiple signals under a smaller line diameter.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the cross section of the medium layer is in the shape of a racetrack or an ellipse.

[0014] In the scheme shown in the application, in the case that the value of the center distance S of the two cores meets the design requirement and the value of the distance w between the center of the core and the first metal layer also meets the design requirement, the cross section of the medium layer is in the shape of a racetrack, which is conducive to making the line diameter of the cable narrower, and further making the cable transmit multiple single-ended signals under a smaller line diameter.

[0015] In a second aspect, a cable is provided, the cable including a medium layer, a first metal layer and at least two cores, the first metal layer being wrapped outside the medium layer, and the at least two cores being located in the medium layer.

[0016] The center distance S between any two cores satisfies 1.97d≤S≤3.60d, and the distance w between the center of any one core and the inner wall of the first metal layer satisfies 1.15d≤w≤2.10d, where d is the diameter of the core and is determined according to the line number of the cable.

[0017] In the scheme shown in the application, the single cable includes multiple cores, the multiple cores share the medium layer and the first metal layer, so that the cable has a smaller line diameter, which is conducive to weight reduction (referred to as weight reduction) and diameter thinning (referred to as thinning) of the cable. Further, the multi-core cable can be used to transmit multiple single-ended signals, and the degree of crosstalk between signals is relatively low. One single-ended signal only needs one core, compared with transmitting differential signals (two cores are needed for one differential signal), on the basis of transmitting the same number of signals, the number of cores can be reduced by half, which is further conducive to weight reduction and thinning of the cable. It can be seen that the cable provided in the embodiment can realize transmission of multiple signals under a smaller line diameter, and further be conducive to weight reduction and thinning of the cable.

[0018] In a possible implementation, the center distance S between any two battery cells satisfies 2.55d≤S≤2.85d, and the distance w between the center of any one battery cell and the inner wall of the first metal layer satisfies 1.48d≤w≤1.66d.

[0019] In the scheme shown in the present application, the relative dielectric constant ε r of the medium layer is 2.1, in this case, in order to realize that the differential impedance Z D corresponding to the differential signal transmitted by the cable satisfies 90Ω≤Z D ≤100Ω, and the single-end impedance Z C corresponding to the single-end signal transmitted by the cable is 50Ω, then S is 2.61d, and w is 1.52d. r D D C C

[0020] In a possible implementation, the center distance S between any two battery cells is 2.61d, and the distance w between the center of any one battery cell and the inner wall of the first metal layer is 1.52d.

[0021] In the scheme shown in the present application, the relative dielectric constant ε r of the medium layer is 2.1, in this case, in order to realize that the differential impedance Z D corresponding to the differential signal transmitted by the cable satisfies 90Ω≤Z D ≤100Ω, and the single-end impedance Z C corresponding to the single-end signal transmitted by the cable is 50Ω, then S is 2.61d, and w is 1.52d.

[0022] In a possible implementation, the center distance S between any two battery cells is the distance w between the center of any one battery cell and the inner wall of the first metal layer is where ε r is the relative dielectric constant of the medium layer.

[0023] In the scheme shown in the present application, the relative dielectric constant ε r of the medium layer satisfies 1.2≤ε r ≤4, in order to realize that the differential impedance Z D corresponding to the differential signal transmitted by the cable satisfies 80Ω≤Z D ≤110Ω, and the single-end impedance Z C corresponding to the single-end signal transmitted by the cable satisfies 40Ω≤Z C ≤55Ω, then S is w is

[0024] In a possible implementation, the diameter d of the electric core ranges from 0.127 mm to 0.644 mm.

[0025] In the scheme shown in the present application, the diameter d of the electric core 3 ranges from 0.127 mm to 0.644 mm (including 0.127 mm and 0.644 mm), and the specific value of the diameter d of the electric core 3 is related to the type of the cable, for example, if the type of the cable is a 32 AWG cable, d is 0.2 mm, for another example, if the type of the cable is a 30 AWG cable, d is 0.26 mm, for another example, if the type of the cable is a 26 AWG cable, d is 0.4 mm.

[0026] In a possible implementation, the shape of the cross section of the medium layer is a racetrack or an ellipse.

[0027] In a possible implementation, the shape of the cross section of the medium layer is a racetrack, and the number of the electric cores is two, and the centers of the two electric cores are respectively located at the two centers of the medium layer.

[0028] In the scheme shown in the present application, when the value of the center distance S of the two electric cores meets the design requirement, and the value of the spacing w between the center of the electric core and the first metal layer also meets the design requirement, the shape of the cross section of the medium layer is a racetrack, which is beneficial to make the wire diameter of the cable narrower, and further make the cable transmit multiple single-ended signals under a smaller wire diameter.

[0029] In a possible implementation, the center distance S of the two electric cores and the spacing w between the center of the electric core and the inner wall of the first metal layer satisfy 1≤S / w≤2.5.

[0030] In the scheme shown in the present application, when 1≤S / w≤2.5, the wire diameter (such as the wire width) of the multi-core cable can be smaller than the total wire diameter of the bundled coaxial cable (in the case of the same electric core), so that the multi-core cable can realize the transmission of multiple signals under a smaller wire diameter.

[0031] In a possible implementation, the first metal layer includes a plurality of metal layers, the plurality of metal layers are arranged from inside to outside along the radial direction of the cable, and the spacing between two adjacent metal layers is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to the current coupling distance.

[0032] In the scheme shown in the present application, the multi-core cable is arranged to be bent and folded, and once the first metal layer is broken at a certain position, the impedance at the position will be affected, especially when the cable transmits single-ended signals, the single-ended impedance will be affected, thereby affecting the signal transmission. In order to avoid this situation, the first metal layer includes an inner metal layer and an outer metal layer, and the inner metal layer and the outer metal layer are relatively close. In this way, since the first metal layer includes the inner metal layer and the outer metal layer, even if the cable is folded during on-site arrangement, the probability of the inner metal layer and the outer metal layer being broken at the same position at the same time is relatively low, thereby avoiding the interruption of the signal transmission of the cable as much as possible.

[0033] In a third aspect, the present application provides an active cable, which comprises a first electrical module, a second electrical module and the cable of the first aspect or the second aspect, wherein the first end of the cable is connected to the first electrical module, and the second end of the cable is connected to the second electrical module.

[0034] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a passive cable, which comprises a first electrical module, a second electrical module and the cable of the first aspect or the second aspect, wherein the first end of the cable is connected to the first electrical module, and the second end of the cable is connected to the second electrical module.

[0035] In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a communication system, which comprises a first communication device, a second communication device and the active cable of the third aspect, wherein the first communication device and the second communication device are connected through the active cable.

[0036] In a sixth aspect, the present application provides a communication system, which comprises a first communication device, a second communication device and the passive cable of the fourth aspect, wherein the first communication device and the second communication device are connected through the passive cable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0037] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a two-core cable according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0038] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between S and w of a two-core cable according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0039] FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a two-core cable according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0040] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between ε r The two-core cable with d = 0.26 mm, S = 0.726 mm and w = 1.19 mm is simulated, and the obtained impedance curve is shown in the schematic diagram of FIG. 4.

[0041] Figure 5 is a plot of the energy curve for a two core cable with εr = 2.1, d = 0.26 mm, S = 0.726 mm, and w = 1.19 mm; r Figure 5 is a plot of the energy curve for a two core cable with εr = 2.1, d = 0.26 mm, S = 0.726 mm, and w = 1.19 mm;

[0042] Figure 6 is a plot of the impedance curve for a two core cable with εr = 2.1, d = 0.26 mm, S = 0.67 mm, and w = 0.39 mm; r Figure 6 is a plot of the impedance curve for a two core cable with εr = 2.1, d = 0.26 mm, S = 0.67 mm, and w = 0.39 mm;

[0043] Figure 7 is a plot of the energy curve for a two core cable with εr = 2.1, d = 0.26 mm, S = 0.67 mm, and w = 0.39 mm; r Figure 7 is a plot of the energy curve for a two core cable with εr = 2.1, d = 0.26 mm, S = 0.67 mm, and w = 0.39 mm;

[0044] Figure 8 is a plot of the impedance curve for a cable with εr = 2.1, d = 0.4 mm, S = 1.03 mm, and w = 0.6 mm; r Figure 8 is a plot of the impedance curve for a cable with εr = 2.1, d = 0.4 mm, S = 1.03 mm, and w = 0.6 mm;

[0045] Figure 9 is a plot of the energy curve for a cable with εr = 2.1, d = 0.4 mm, S = 1.03 mm, and w = 0.6 mm; r Figure 9 is a plot of the energy curve for a cable with εr = 2.1, d = 0.4 mm, S = 1.03 mm, and w = 0.6 mm;

[0046] Figure 10 is a plot of the impedance curve for a two core cable with εr = 2.5, d = 0.26 mm, S = 1.05 mm, and w = 0.49 mm; r Figure 10 is a plot of the impedance curve for a two core cable with εr = 2.5, d = 0.26 mm, S = 1.05 mm, and w = 0.49 mm;

[0047] Figure 11 is a plot of the energy curve for a two core cable with εr = 2.5, d = 0.26 mm, S = 1.05 mm, and w = 0.49 mm; r Figure 11 is a plot of the energy curve for a two core cable with εr = 2.5, d = 0.26 mm, S = 1.05 mm, and w = 0.49 mm;

[0048] Figure 12 is a plot of the impedance curve for a two core cable with εr = 2.5, d = 0.26 mm, S = 0.95 mm, and w = 0.44 mm; r Figure 12 is a plot of the impedance curve for a two core cable with εr = 2.5, d = 0.26 mm, S = 0.95 mm, and w = 0.44 mm;

[0049] Figure 13 is a plot of the energy curve for a two core cable with εr = 2.5, d = 0.26 mm, S = 0.95 mm, and w = 0.44 mm; r Figure 13 is a plot of the energy curve for a two core cable with εr = 2.5, d = 0.26 mm, S = 0.95 mm, and w = 0.44 mm;

[0050] Figure 14 is a plot of the impedance curve for a two core cable with εr = 2.5, d = 0.26 mm, S = 0.78 mm, and w = 0.44 mm; r Figure 14 is a plot of the impedance curve for a two core cable with εr = 2.5, d = 0.26 mm, S = 0.78 mm, and w = 0.44 mm;

[0051] Figure 15 is a plot of the energy curve for a two core cable with εr = 2.5, d = 0.26 mm, S = 0.78 mm, and w = 0.44 mm; rThe simulation is performed on a two-core cable with a = 2.5, d = 0.26mm, S = 0.78mm, and w = 0.44mm, and the obtained energy curve is shown in the schematic diagram;

[0052] Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of a scenario of a communication system according to an example embodiment of the present application.

[0053] The reference signs are explained as follows: 1, dielectric layer; 2, first metal layer; 3, electric core; 4, reflow conductor; 5, second metal layer. 100, first communication device; 200, second communication device; 300, active cable; 301, cable; 302, electric module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0055] The present embodiment relates to a cable, specifically a multi-core cable, which includes a plurality of electric cores, and can be applied to an active cable. The active cable can be an AEC (active electrical cable) active cable or an ACC (active copper cable) active cable. Regardless of the type of active cable, the active cable includes a cable and electric modules connected to both ends of the cable. In the AEC active cable, the chip in the electric module is a retimer chip, and in the ACC active cable, the chip in the electric module is a redriver chip.

[0056] The cable can also be applied to a passive DAC (direct attach cable). The passive DAC also includes a cable and electric modules connected to both ends of the cable, but the electric modules do not include active chips. Because the electric modules of the passive DAC do not include active chips, the passive DAC is generally applied to a short-distance interconnection scenario.

[0057] The cable can also be used to realize interconnection between chips. For example, the direct connection between the chip and the cable can be that one end of the cable is packaged in the chip and the other end of the cable extends out of the chip for external connection. Another direct connection between the chip and the cable can also be that one end of the cable is soldered to a circuit board and the pads of the chip are soldered to the circuit board, and the direct connection between the chip and the cable is realized through the wiring on the circuit board.

[0058] The cable can also be used to realize the interconnection of devices in a frame. The direct connection of the cable with the device can be that the cable is connected with the device through a cable connector. For example, a single cable is connected with a cable connector, and the cable connector is connected with the device (such as plug-in or fusion). For another example, a plurality of cables are bundled together and connected with a cable connector, and the cable connector is connected with the device (such as plug-in or fusion).

[0059] In the scenarios of interconnection between chips, interconnection between chips and devices, and interconnection between devices in a frame or cabinet, the insertion loss of the cable is smaller than that of a printed circuit board (PCB) in the case of the same length and the same transmission frequency. Therefore, in the scenarios of interconnection between chips, interconnection between chips and devices, and interconnection between devices in a frame or cabinet, the cable can be used to replace the traces on the PCB to reduce the insertion loss.

[0060] In the embodiments, the specific application scenarios of the cable are not limited, and the cable can be applied in an active cable for example. The active cable is used to realize the interconnection between two devices and the interconnection between two devices or two chips in a device.

[0061] The cable provided in the embodiments includes a plurality of cores in a single cable, and the plurality of cores share a medium layer and a return layer, so that the diameter of the cable is small, which is beneficial to weight reduction (referred to as reduction) and diameter thinning (referred to as thinning) of the cable. Further, the multi-core cable can be used to transmit a plurality of single-ended signals, and the crosstalk between the signals is low. One single-ended signal only needs one core, and compared with the transmission of differential signals (two cores are needed for one differential signal), the number of cores can be reduced by half on the basis of transmitting the same number of signals, which is further beneficial to the reduction and thinning of the cable. It can be seen that the cable provided in the embodiments can realize the transmission of a plurality of signals with a smaller diameter.

[0062] For example, in the case where the number of transmitted signals is unchanged, such as two signals, two cores are used to transmit two signals (specifically two single-ended signals) by using the cable provided in the embodiments. However, four cores are needed to transmit two signals (specifically two differential signals) by using a traditional cable, or two coaxial cables are needed to transmit two signals (specifically two single-ended signals). In either case, the diameter of the cable used to transmit two signals by using the traditional scheme is relatively large, and the weight is relatively heavy.

[0063] It can be seen that the multi-core cable provided in the embodiments can transmit a plurality of signals with a smaller diameter, which is beneficial to the reduction and thinning of the cable.

[0064] The multi-core cable shown in the embodiment will be introduced below.

[0065] First of all, it needs to be pointed out that the multi-core cable described in the embodiment is a cable in which all the cores are arranged in a medium layer, which is different from a multi-core cable formed by bundling multiple coaxial cables, and also different from a multi-core cable formed by bundling multiple differential cables. Among them, the multi-core cable formed by bundling multiple coaxial cables can transmit multiple single-ended signals, but the total diameter of the bundled cable is determined according to the diameter of each single coaxial cable, resulting in a large total diameter of the bundled cable, a thick bundled coaxial cable, and a heavy weight, which cannot meet the demand for weight reduction and thinning. The multi-core cable described in the embodiment is not a bundled cable, but a cable including multiple cores, so the multiple cores described below refer to the cores in the same cable unless otherwise specified.

[0066] As shown in FIG. 1, it is a schematic view of the cross section of the cable, referring to FIG. 1, the cable includes a medium layer 1, a first metal layer 2 and at least two cores 3, and two cores 3 are shown in FIG. 1. Continue to refer to FIG. 1, the first metal layer 2 is wrapped outside the medium layer 1, and at least two cores 3 are arranged in the medium layer 1. Among them, the wire diameter (i.e. diameter) of the cable is determined according to the center distance S between the two cores 3, the spacing w between the center of the core 3 and the inner wall of the first metal layer 2, and the diameter d of the core 3. The multi-core cable determined by the above parameters can be used to transmit multiple single-ended signals.

[0067] After bundling multiple coaxial cables, although it can become a multi-core cable, the wire diameter of such a multi-core cable is determined according to the diameter of each single coaxial cable before bundling, and it realizes the transmission of multiple single-ended signals in the case of a large wire diameter. The multiple cores 3 in the multi-core cable in the embodiment are arranged in the same medium layer and the same metal layer, and the wire diameter of such a multi-core cable is determined according to the above-mentioned S, w and d, which can realize the transmission of multiple single-ended signals in the case of a small wire diameter, thereby facilitating the weight reduction and thinning of the cable.

[0068] First of all, the structural features of the cable will be introduced, and then the size features of the cable will be introduced.

[0069] Regarding the cross-sectional shape of the cable. The cross-sectional shape of the cable can be any shape, for example, it can be circular, oval or track-shaped, or even rectangular, etc. In application, the design principle of the cross-sectional shape of the cable can be that, under the condition of meeting the size requirement, a certain shape can make the wire diameter small and the weight light. For example, under the condition that the distance S between the two electric cores meets the requirement and the distance w between the electric core and the return layer meets the requirement, the selected shape makes the wire diameter of the cable reach the minimum and the weight reach the lightest. For example, the cross-sectional shape of the cable can be track-shaped as shown in FIG. 1, and the following will be described by taking the track-shaped cable as an example.

[0070] In an example, the cross-sectional shape of the dielectric layer 1 and the cross-sectional shape of the first metal layer 2 are both related to the cross-sectional shape of the cable. For example, the cross-sectional shape of the cable is track-shaped, then the cross-sectional shape of the dielectric layer 1 is track-shaped, and the cross-sectional shape of the first metal layer 2 is a ring-shaped track.

[0071] In an example, the cross-sectional shape of each electric core 3 is generally circular, and the electric core 3 is also called a wire core because of its small diameter. The diameters of different electric cores 3 in the plurality of electric cores 3 can be the same or different. In the present embodiment, the diameters of the electric cores 3 are all d for example. The diameter d of the electric core 3 can be in the range of 0.127mm to 0.644mm (including 0.127mm and 0.644mm), and the specific value of the diameter d of the electric core 3 is related to the type of the cable. For example, if the type of the cable is a 32AWG cable, then d is 0.2mm, for another example, if the type of the cable is a 30AWG cable, then d is 0.26mm, for another example, if the type of the cable is a 26AWG cable, then d is 0.4mm.

[0072] Regarding the material of the cable. The material of the dielectric layer 1 is an insulating dielectric, which plays a buffering and protective role for the electric core 3, and is also used to realize the electrical isolation between the electric core 3 and the first metal layer 2. The dielectric layer 1 can be a single material insulating dielectric, then the relative permittivity ε r of each position in the dielectric layer 1 is equal, and its value range is 1.2≤ε r ≤4, specifically 2≤ε r ≤2.5, and usually the value is 2.1.

[0073] In an example, the first metal layer 2 is mainly used to realize signal return, and forms a closed signal loop with the electric core 3, so the first metal layer 2 is also called a return layer. Then the material of the first metal layer 2 is a conductive metal layer, which can be a metal copper such as a copper braid. And the electric core 3 is used as a signal circuit, so its material is also a conductive metal such as copper, so the electric core is also called a copper core.

[0074] The number of the electric core 3 can be two or more than two, and the embodiment does not limit the number of the electric core 3. The cable is taken as an example including two electric cores 3.

[0075] The distribution of the plurality of electric cores 3 in the medium layer 1.

[0076] As described above, the shape of the cross section of the medium layer 1 is a runway type formed by two semicircles on the left and right and a rectangle in the middle. In the case where the number of the electric core 3 is two, the centers of the two electric cores 3 can be located on the two centers of the medium layer 1, as shown in FIG. 1.

[0077] The value of the center distance S between the two electric cores 3 satisfies a certain relationship. If S is too small, it mainly affects the differential impedance of the cable, and if S is too large, it makes the diameter of the cable large. The value of S can be determined according to the differential impedance, the single-end impedance, the relative dielectric constant ε r of the medium layer 1, and the diameter d of the electric core 3. The range of the value of S will be introduced below.

[0078] The value of the distance w between the electric core 3 and the first metal layer 2 also satisfies a certain relationship. If w is too small, it mainly affects the single-end impedance of the cable, and if w is too large, it makes the diameter of the cable large. The value of w can also be determined according to the differential impedance, the single-end impedance, the relative dielectric constant ε r of the medium layer 1, and the diameter d of the electric core 3. The range of the value of w will be introduced below.

[0079] In an example, the ratio of S and w also satisfies a certain relationship. As shown in FIG. 2, which is a schematic diagram of the relationship between S and w, (a) represents S / w>2, (b) represents S / w=2, (c) represents 1<S / w<2, (d) represents S / w=1, and (e) represents d<1.

[0080] As shown in FIG. 2, the larger S / w is, the larger the diameter of the cable is, and the smaller S / w is, the smaller the diameter of the cable is. However, the smaller S / w is, the smaller the differential impedance of the cable is, and the differential impedance is generally 93Ω or 100Ω. Therefore, in the case where the values of S and w satisfy the conditions of transmitting differential signals and multi-channel single-end signals, in order to make the diameter of the cable smaller than the total diameter of the bundled coaxial cable, correspondingly, 1≤S / w≤2.5.

[0081] It should be noted that in the case where the number of the electric core 3 is greater than 2, S can be the center distance between any two electric cores 3, or the minimum center distance among a plurality of center distances, and w can be the distance between the center of any one electric core 3 and the first metal layer 2, or the minimum distance among all distances w.

[0082] In the scheme where the number of the electric cores 3 is greater than 2, the spacing S between any two electric cores 3 can be equal, of course, can also be unequal, but regardless of whether equal or unequal, the range of S is the same. Similarly, in the scheme where the number of the electric cores 3 is greater than 2, the spacing between the center of the electric core 3 and the first metal layer 2 can be equal everywhere, of course, can also not be equal everywhere, but regardless of whether equal everywhere or not, the range of w is the same. If the spacing between the center of the electric core 3 and the first metal layer 2 is equal everywhere, then the spacing between the center of different electric cores 3 and the first metal layer 2 can be equal, of course, can also be unequal, but regardless of whether equal or unequal, the range of w is the same. In the following example, the number of the electric cores is two, the diameters of the two electric cores are equal, the spacing between the center of the electric core and the first metal layer 2 is equal everywhere, and the spacing between the center of each electric core and the first metal layer 2 is equal.

[0083] The multi-core cable will undergo some bending operations such as turning and bending in application. Once the first metal layer 2 breaks at a certain place, the single-ended impedance at that place will be affected, thereby affecting the transmission of the single-ended signal. In order to avoid this situation, correspondingly, the first metal layer 2 can include multiple metal layers, which are sleeved together from inside to outside, and the spacing between adjacent two metal layers is relatively close to be able to couple current.

[0084] For example, the first metal layer 2 includes two metal layers, which are respectively referred to as an inner metal layer and an outer metal layer. The inner metal layer is coated outside the dielectric layer 1, and the outer metal layer is coated outside the inner metal layer. The outer metal layer and the inner metal layer can be next to each other or have a spacing, but the spacing cannot be too large, which can satisfy the coupling of current from the inner metal layer to the outer metal layer and from the outer metal layer to the inner metal layer. Therefore, the spacing between the outer metal layer and the inner metal layer is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to the current coupling distance.

[0085] The current coupling distance is the distance that can couple current, for example, the maximum value of the current coupling distance is between 0.1 mm and 0.2 mm.

[0086] In this way, since the first metal layer 2 includes the inner metal layer and the outer metal layer, even if the cable is bent during on-site arrangement, the probability of the inner metal layer and the outer metal layer breaking at the same position at the same time is relatively low, thereby being able to avoid the interruption of the signal in the signal transmission of the cable as much as possible.

[0087] In one example, the multi-core cable not only includes the above-mentioned medium layer 1, the first metal layer 2 and the electric core 3, but also includes other structures, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, the cable further includes a plurality of reflow conductors 4, wherein the reflow conductors 4 facilitate soldering with the ground plate, the plurality of reflow conductors 4 can be fixed outside the first metal layer 2 to play a reflow role, wherein the number of the reflow conductors 4 can be equal to the number of the electric cores 3, and the reflow conductors 4 correspond to the electric cores 3 one by one, and the reflow conductor 4 corresponding to a certain electric core 3 is arranged near the electric core 3.

[0088] In other examples, the reflow conductors 4 can also be arranged at the central position of the medium layer 1.

[0089] In other examples, the multi-core cable further includes a second metal layer 5, which is wrapped outside the first metal layer 2 as a shielding layer for shielding the signals transmitted by adjacent other cables, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, the second metal layer 5 is wrapped outside the first metal layer 2, and the plurality of reflow conductors 4 are located between the first metal layer 2 and the second metal layer 5.

[0090] In other examples, the multi-core cable can further include a sheath as a protective layer located at the outermost layer of the cable.

[0091] Of course, the cable can also include other structures in structure, which will not be enumerated one by one in the present embodiment.

[0092] The above is the structural feature of the cable, and the size feature of the cable will be introduced below, wherein the size feature of the cable mainly refers to the value range of the center distance S of the two electric cores 3 and the value range of the spacing w between the center of the electric core 3 and the first metal layer 2.

[0093] Among them, the value range of S and w are both the constraint conditions for the cable to realize the transmission of both differential signals and single-ended signals under a smaller wire diameter.

[0094] Generally, the basis for judging whether the cable can transmit differential signals is that the differential impedance value of the differential signal in transmission is close to 93Ω or 100Ω. Whether the insertion loss curve of the differential signal is smooth and whether there is a position of sudden large decrease on the insertion loss curve, wherein the insertion loss is the ratio of the reflected power to the input power of the differential core at the input end, which is caused by the discontinuity of the differential impedance. If the differential impedance is close to 93Ω or 100Ω, the insertion loss curve is relatively smooth, and there is no obvious large decrease point, then it is indicated that the cable can transmit differential signals.

[0095] When transmitting multi-channel differential signals, the degree of crosstalk between two signals also needs to be considered. For a certain differential signal, if the insertion loss is small and the signal crosstalk is low, or if the insertion loss is large but the signal crosstalk is low, or if the crosstalk is serious but the insertion loss is small, then the signal energy received at the receiving end is large, which means that the cable is practical for transmitting multi-channel differential signals and can transmit multi-channel differential signals.

[0096] Therefore, if the differential impedance of the cable is close to 93Ω or 100Ω when transmitting differential signals, the insertion loss curve is relatively smooth, and the insertion loss to crosstalk ratio (ICR) is greater than 20dB when transmitting multi-channel differential signals, then it can be concluded that the cable can transmit multi-channel differential signals. An ICR greater than 20dB indicates that the insertion loss is small and the signal crosstalk is low, or the insertion loss is large but the signal crosstalk is low, or the crosstalk is serious but the insertion loss is small.

[0097] Similarly, the basis for judging whether a cable can transmit single-ended signals is whether the single-ended impedance is continuous, whether the single-ended impedance is close to 50Ω, whether the insertion loss curve of the single-ended signal is smooth and has no obvious mutation position, and whether the insertion loss to crosstalk ratio (ICR) is greater than 20dB.

[0098] Therefore, the value range of S and w can be set according to the single-ended impedance meeting the design requirements, the differential impedance meeting the design requirements, and the insertion loss to crosstalk ratio (ICR) being greater than 20dB.

[0099] From the single-ended impedance formula and the differential impedance formula, it can be seen that the value of S and w is positively correlated with ε r and d, specifically with and d, and the value of w is also positively correlated with ε r and d, specifically with and d. According to theoretical calculations and simulation verification, S can be calculated by the S formula, and w can be calculated by the w formula.

[0100] Single-ended impedance formula:

[0101] Differential impedance formula:

[0102] S formula:

[0103] w formula:

[0104] wherein the S formula can be further simplified as and the w formula can be further simplified as

[0105] In one example, the relative permittivity ε of dielectric layer 1 r Related to the material of dielectric layer 1, ε r The value range of is generally 1.2 ≤ ε r ≤4. Therefore, in ε r The value range of is generally 1.2 ≤ ε r In the case of ≤4, ε r Substitute 1.2 This allows us to obtain the lower limit of the range of values ​​for S, and to set ε... r Substitute 4 This allows us to obtain the upper limit of the range of values ​​for S, and thus, the specific range of values ​​for S is: After further adjustment, the result is 1.97d≤S≤3.60d.

[0106] Similarly, ε r Substitute 1.2 This will give us the lower limit of the range of values ​​for w, and ε r Substitute 4 This allows us to obtain the upper limit of the range of values ​​for w, and thus, the specific range of values ​​for w. After further refinement, the result is 1.15d≤w≤2.10d.

[0107] Therefore, the relative permittivity ε of dielectric layer 1 r Satisfying 1.2≤ε r When the value of S is ≤4, the range of S is 1.97d ≤ S ≤ 3.60d, and the range of w is 1.15d ≤ w ≤ 2.10d. Multi-core cables that meet this dimensional relationship can transmit both differential and single-ended signals. Specifically, the differential impedance for transmitting differential signals must satisfy 80Ω ≤ Z. D ≤110Ω, the single-ended impedance corresponding to the transmission of a single-ended signal can meet 40Ω≤Z. C ≤55Ω.

[0108] It should be noted that, for the condition S satisfies 1.97d≤S≤3.60d and w satisfies 1.15d≤w≤2.10d, the closer the value of S is to the lower limit, the closer the differential impedance is to 80Ω; the closer the value of S is to the upper limit, the closer the differential impedance is to 110Ω. Similarly, the closer the value of w is to the lower limit, the closer the single-ended impedance is to 40Ω; the closer the value of w is to the upper limit, the closer the single-ended impedance is to 55Ω.

[0109] It should be noted that, in consideration of errors, errors within plus or minus 10% are included in the above ranges, for example, in consideration of errors of plus or minus 10%, the range of S is 1.97d x (1±10%)≤S≤3.60d x (1±10%), and the range of w is 1.15d x (1±10%)≤w≤2.10d x (1±10%).

[0110] In one example, further, the relative dielectric constant ε r of the dielectric layer 1 is in the range of 2≤ε r ≤2.5. Then, in the case where the range of ε r is generally 2≤ε r ≤2.5, the lower limit of the range of S is obtained by substituting ε r =2 into , and the upper limit of the range of S is obtained by substituting ε r =2.5 into , and thus the specific range of S is 2.55d≤S≤2.85d after further arrangement.

[0111] Similarly, the lower limit of the range of w is obtained by substituting ε r =2 into , and the upper limit of the range of w is obtained by substituting ε r =2.5 into , and thus the specific range of w is 1.48d≤w≤1.66d after further arrangement.

[0112] In one example, in the case where the relative dielectric constant ε r of the dielectric layer 1 satisfies 2≤ε r ≤2.5, the range of S is 2.55d≤S≤2.85d, and the range of w is 1.48d≤w≤1.66d, and a multi-core cable satisfying this dimensional relationship can transmit both a differential signal and a single-ended signal, and the differential impedance corresponding to the transmission of the differential signal can satisfy 80Ω≤Z D ≤110Ω, and the single-ended impedance corresponding to the transmission of the single-ended signal can satisfy 40Ω≤Z C ≤55Ω.

[0113] It should be noted that, in the range of 2.55d≤S≤2.85d and 1.48d≤w≤1.66d, the closer the value of S is to the lower limit, the closer the differential impedance is to 80Ω, and the closer the value of S is to the upper limit, the closer the differential impedance is to 110Ω, and similarly, the closer the value of w is to the lower limit, the closer the single-ended impedance is to 40Ω, and the closer the value of w is to the upper limit, the closer the single-ended impedance is to 55Ω.

[0114] It should be noted that, in the range of 2.55d≤S≤2.85d and 1.48d≤w≤1.66d, the closer the value of S is to the lower limit, the closer the differential impedance is to 80Ω, and the closer the value of S is to the upper limit, the closer the differential impedance is to 110Ω, and similarly, the closer the value of w is to the lower limit, the closer the single-ended impedance is to 40Ω, and the closer the value of w is to the upper limit, the closer the single-ended impedance is to 55Ω.

[0115] In an example, the relative dielectric constant ε r of the dielectric layer 1 is generally 2.1, then, ε r = 2.1 is substituted into the above formula to obtain S = 2.61d, and substituted into the above formula to obtain w = 1.52d, and the multi-core cable satisfying such a size relationship can transmit both differential signals and single-ended signals, and the differential impedance corresponding to the transmission of differential signals can satisfy 90Ω≤Z D ≤100Ω, for example, the differential impedance is 93Ω, and the single-ended impedance corresponding to the transmission of single-ended signals is 50Ω.

[0116] It should be noted that, in the range of 2.55d≤S≤2.85d and 1.48d≤w≤1.66d, the closer the value of S is to the lower limit, the closer the differential impedance is to 80Ω, and the closer the value of S is to the upper limit, the closer the differential impedance is to 110Ω, and similarly, the closer the value of w is to the lower limit, the closer the single-ended impedance is to 40Ω, and the closer the value of w is to the upper limit, the closer the single-ended impedance is to 55Ω.

[0117] The above is the introduction of the size characteristics of the cable, and the simulation results of the cable will be introduced below.

[0118] First, the derivation of the above S formula and the derivation of the w formula will be introduced.

[0119] Taking the two-core cable shown in FIG. 1 as an example, taking the relative dielectric constant ε r of the dielectric layer 1 as 2.1, the single-ended impedance ZC as 50Ω, and the differential impedance ZD as 100Ω, and taking the diameter d of the core 3 as 0.26mm as an example, the S is calculated to be 0.723mm and the w is calculated to be 0.429 according to the above differential impedance formula and the single-ended impedance formula .

[0120] The simulation is performed on a two-core cable with S of 0.723 mm and w of 0.429 mm, and the impedance curve shown in FIG. 4 and the insertion loss curve and crosstalk curve for transmitting two single-ended signals shown in FIG. 5 are obtained. In FIG. 4, the time of the horizontal coordinate represents the position of the cable, and a certain point on the curve shown in FIG. 4 represents the impedance at a certain time (or position).

[0121] Referring to FIG. 4, when the cable transmits a differential signal, the corresponding differential impedance is close to 100 Ω, indicating that the differential impedance meets the expected value. Referring to FIG. 4, when the cable transmits a single-ended signal, the corresponding single-ended impedance is close to 54 Ω, indicating that the single-ended impedance deviates from the expected value (50 Ω). Referring to FIG. 5, when transmitting two single-ended signals at a transmission frequency of 28 GHz, the insertion loss crosstalk ratio ICR is 50 dB, which is much greater than 20 dB, indicating that the signal-to-noise ratio for transmitting a single-ended signal is good within the bandwidth of 0 to 28 GHz, and thus the cable has practicality for transmitting a single-ended signal.

[0122] Since the theoretically calculated single-ended impedance (54 Ω) deviates from the expected value (50 Ω), S and w need to be adjusted to meet the conditions that the differential impedance coincides with the expected value, the single-ended impedance coincides with the expected value, and the ICR is greater than 20 dB.

[0123] When w is 0.39 mm and S is 0.67 mm, the single-ended impedance is close to 50 Ω, the differential impedance is close to 93 Ω, and the difference between the insertion loss and crosstalk ICR is greater than 20 dB when transmitting two single-ended signals, indicating that the cable with w of 0.39 mm and S of 0.67 mm can transmit single-ended signals and differential signals well.

[0124] FIG. 6 shows the simulation of a two-core cable with ε r of 2.1, d of 0.26 mm, S of 0.67 mm, and w of 0.39 mm, and the impedance curve is obtained. r FIG. 7 shows the simulation of a two-core cable with ε r of 2.1, d of 0.26 mm, S of 0.67 mm, and w of 0.39 mm, and the insertion loss curve and crosstalk curve are obtained.

[0125] Referring to Fig. 6, when the cable transmits differential signals, the corresponding differential impedance is close to 93Ω, which is close to the expected value. Referring to Fig. 6, when the cable transmits single-ended signals, the corresponding single-ended impedance is close to 50Ω, which is close to the expected value. Referring to Fig. 7, when the cable transmits two single-ended signals, the insertion loss crosstalk ratio ICR is 59dB when the transmission frequency is 28GHz, which is much greater than 20dB. Therefore, the signal-to-noise ratio of the single-ended signals transmitted within the bandwidth of 0-28GHz is good, which indicates that the cable has the practicability of transmitting single-ended signals.

[0126] The relative dielectric constant ε of the dielectric layer 1 is 2.1, the diameter d of the core 3 is 0.26mm, and for any d and any ε r , the diameter d of the core 3 is 0.26mm, and for any d and any ε r , the diameter d of the core 3 is 0.26mm, and for any d and any ε , the diameter d of the core 3 is 0.26mm, and for any d and any ε

[0127] For example, when the value of ε r remains unchanged, the value of d is changed, and based on the single-ended impedance formula and the differential impedance formula, it is only necessary to scale S and w by the scaling factor of d.

[0128] For example, when the value of ε r remains unchanged, the value of d is changed, and based on the single-ended impedance formula and the differential impedance formula, it is only necessary to scale S and w by the scaling factor of d. , that is, S is 1.03mm, and w is , that is, S is 1.03mm, and w is

[0129] Of course, when d is 0.4mm and ε r is 2.1, S and w can also be determined by the single-ended impedance formula and the differential impedance formula in combination with simulation. The S determined by the impedance formula is basically the same as the S calculated by the S formula, and the w determined by the impedance formula is basically the same as the w calculated by the w formula.

[0130] As shown in Fig. 8, the cable with ε r of 2.1, d of 0.4mm, S of 1.03mm and w of 0.6mm is simulated, and the impedance curve obtained is shown in Fig. 9. As shown in Fig. 8, the cable with ε r of 2.1, d of 0.4mm, S of 1.03mm and w of 0.6mm is simulated, and the single-ended signal insertion loss curve and the single-ended signal crosstalk curve obtained are shown in Fig. 9.

[0131] Referring to Fig. 8, when the cable transmits differential signals, the corresponding differential impedance Z C is 93Ω, and when the cable transmits single-ended signals, the corresponding single-ended impedance Z D50Ω, which means that the differential impedance of the cable at this size is consistent with the expected value, and the single-ended impedance is also consistent with the expected value. Referring to FIG. 9, when transmitting two single-ended signals at a transmission frequency of 28 GHz, the insertion loss-to-crosstalk ratio ICR is 63 dB, which is much greater than 20 dB, which means that the signal-to-noise ratio of the single-ended signal is good within the bandwidth of 0 to 28 GHz, and thus the cable has practicality in transmitting single-ended signals.

[0132] For another example, d is still 0.26 mm, but ε r is 2.5, then S is , that is, S is 0.74 mm, and w is , that is, w is 0.43 mm.

[0133] In an example, d is 0.26 mm, ε r is 2.5, and S and w can also be determined by the single-ended impedance formula and the differential impedance formula in combination with simulation. The S determined by the impedance formula is basically consistent with the S calculated by the S formula, and the w determined by the impedance formula is basically consistent with the w calculated by the w formula.

[0134] For example, S1 is 1.05 mm and w1 is 0.49 mm according to the single-ended impedance formula and the differential impedance formula, and simulation is performed on the cable with this size to obtain the impedance curve shown in FIG. 10, and the insertion loss curve and the crosstalk curve shown in FIG. 11. Referring to FIG. 10, the single-ended impedance is about 54Ω, and the differential impedance is about 103Ω. Referring to FIG. 11, when transmitting two single-ended signals, the insertion loss-to-crosstalk ratio ICR is 45 dB. It can be seen that although the difference between the insertion loss and the crosstalk meets the requirements, the single-ended impedance and the differential impedance both deviate from the commonly used values.

[0135] S1 and w1 are adjusted, for example, by multiplying them by a coefficient of 0.9 to obtain S2 of 0.95 mm and w2 of 0.44 mm, and simulation is performed on the cable with this size to obtain the impedance curve shown in FIG. 12, and the insertion loss curve and the crosstalk curve shown in FIG. 13. Referring to FIG. 12, the single-ended impedance is about 50Ω, and the differential impedance is about 97Ω. Referring to FIG. 13, when transmitting two single-ended signals, the insertion loss-to-crosstalk ratio ICR is 43 dB. It can be seen that although the difference between the insertion loss and the crosstalk meets the requirements, the differential impedance still deviates from the expected value.

[0136] Adjust S2, keep w2 unchanged, adjust S2 to S3, S3 is 0.78mm, simulate the cable of this size, get the impedance curve as shown in Figure 14, and the insertion loss curve and crosstalk curve as shown in Figure 15. Referring to Figure 14, the single-ended impedance is about 50Ω, and the differential impedance is about 94Ω. Referring to Figure 15, when transmitting two single-ended signals, the insertion loss crosstalk ratio ICR is 66dB. It can be seen that the single-ended impedance and the expected value are consistent, the differential impedance is also consistent with the expected value, and the ICR also meets the requirements.

[0137] Therefore, based on the impedance formula combined with the simulation results, it is finally determined that S is 0.78mm, w is 0.44mm, and d is 0.26mm, ε r Substituting S into the above S formula and w formula, S is 0.74mm, and w is 0.43mm. It can be seen that S and w determined according to the impedance formula combined with simulation are basically consistent with S and w determined by the S formula and the w formula. It can be seen that the S formula and the w formula described above have universality.

[0138] It should be pointed out that in application, after using the above S formula and w formula to determine the S and w of the cable, the values of S and w will also be fine-tuned in the processing of the cable of this size, so that the cable can better transmit single-ended signals and differential signals.

[0139] In the embodiment of the present application, a plurality of cores are included in a single cable, and the plurality of cores share a dielectric layer and a first metal layer, so that the cable has a smaller diameter, which is beneficial to weight reduction (referred to as lightening) and diameter thinning (referred to as thinning) of the cable. Further, the multi-core cable can be used to transmit multiple single-ended signals, and the degree of crosstalk between signals is relatively low. One single-ended signal only needs one core, compared with transmitting differential signals (two cores are needed for one differential signal), on the basis of transmitting the same number of signals, the number of cores can be reduced by half, which is further beneficial to the lightening and thinning of the cable. It can be seen that the cable provided in the embodiment can realize the transmission of multiple signals under a smaller diameter.

[0140] The embodiment also provides an active cable or a passive cable. As shown in Fig. 16, the active cable is used to realize the interconnection between two communication devices. As shown in Fig. 16, the active cable 300 includes two electrical modules 302 and the cable 301. One of the electrical modules 302 is connected to the first end of the cable 301, and the other electrical module 302 is connected to the second end of the cable 301. The passive cable also includes the cable and two electrical modules. One of the electrical modules is connected to the first end of the cable, and the other electrical module is connected to the second end of the cable. The main difference between the active cable and the passive cable is that the PCB of the electrical module of the active cable has an active chip, and the PCB of the electrical module of the passive cable does not have an active chip.

[0141] As shown in Fig. 16, the first communication device 100 and the second communication device 200 have electrical interfaces on the panels. Thus, the electrical module 302 at the first end of the cable 301 is inserted into the electrical interface of the first communication device 100, so as to realize the interconnection between the first end of the active cable 300 and the first communication device 100. The electrical module 302 at the second end of the cable 301 is inserted into the electrical interface of the second communication device 200, so as to realize the interconnection between the second end of the active cable 300 and the second communication device 200.

[0142] Thus, the first communication device 100 and the second communication device 200 can transmit and receive data through the active cable.

[0143] The embodiment also provides a communication system. As shown in Fig. 16, the communication system includes the first communication device 100, the second communication device 200, and the active cable 300. The first communication device 100 and the second communication device 200 are connected through the active cable 300. For example, the electrical module 302 at one end of the active cable 300 is connected to the first communication device 100, and the electrical module 302 at the other end of the active cable 300 is connected to the second communication device 200. In the short-distance interconnection scenario, the active cable 300 can be replaced by the passive cable.

[0144] The terms used in the description of the embodiments of the present application are only used to explain the embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the embodiments of the present application should be understood as the common meanings to those having ordinary skills in the art to which the present application belongs. The terms "first", "second", and similar terms used in the description of the specification and claims of the present application do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the terms "one" or "a" or similar terms do not denote a quantity restriction, but denote the presence of at least one. The terms "include" or "contain" or similar terms mean that the elements or objects appearing before the "include" or "contain" cover the elements or objects listed after the "include" or "contain" and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects. "Up", "down", "left", "right", and the like are only used to represent relative positional relationships, and when the absolute positions of the described objects are changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly. "Multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise specified.

[0145] The above is only an optional embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A cable, characterized in that, The cable includes a dielectric layer (1), a first metal layer (2), and at least two battery cells (3). The first metal layer (2) covers the dielectric layer (1), and the at least two battery cells (3) are located in the dielectric layer (1). The diameter of the cable is determined based on the center distance S between any two battery cells (3), the distance w between the center of any battery cell (3) and the inner wall of the first metal layer (2), and the diameter d of the battery cell (3). The cable is used to transmit multiple single-ended signals.

2. The cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The values ​​of S and w satisfy 1 ≤ S / w ≤ 2.

5.

3. The cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-sectional shape of the medium layer (1) is racetrack-shaped or elliptical.

4. A cable, characterized in that, The cable includes a dielectric layer (1), a first metal layer (2), and at least two battery cells (3). The first metal layer (2) covers the dielectric layer (1), and the at least two battery cells (3) are located in the dielectric layer (1). The center distance S between any two cells (3) satisfies 1.97d≤S≤3.60d, and the distance w between the center of any cell (3) and the inner wall of the first metal layer (2) satisfies 1.15d≤w≤2.10d, where d is the diameter of the cell (3) and is determined according to the wire number of the cable.

5. The cable according to claim 4, characterized in that, The center distance S between any two cells (3) satisfies 2.55d≤S≤2.85d, and the distance w between the center of any cell (3) and the inner wall of the first metal layer (2) satisfies 1.48d≤w≤1.66d.

6. The cable according to claim 5, characterized in that, The relative permittivity ε of the dielectric layer (1) r The range of values ​​for is 2 ≤ ε r ≤2.5, the differential impedance Z corresponding to the differential signal transmitted by the cable. D The value range is 80Ω≤Z D ≤110Ω, the single-ended impedance Z corresponding to the transmission of a single-ended signal C The value range is 40Ω≤Z C ≤55Ω.

7. The cable according to claim 4, characterized in that, The center distance S between any two cells (3) is 2.61d, and the distance w between the center of any cell (3) and the inner wall of the first metal layer (2) is 1.52d.

8. The cable according to claim 7, characterized in that, The relative permittivity ε of the dielectric layer (1) r The differential impedance Z corresponding to the differential signal transmitted by the cable is 2.

1. D The value range is 90Ω≤Z D ≤100Ω, the single-ended impedance Z corresponding to the transmission of a single-ended signal C It is 50Ω.

9. The cable according to any one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that, The center distance S between any two cells (3) is The distance w between the center of any one of the battery cells (3) and the inner wall of the first metal layer (2) is Where, ε r is the relative permittivity of the dielectric layer (1).

10. The cable according to any one of claims 4 to 9, characterized in that, The relative permittivity ε of the dielectric layer (1) r The range of values ​​for is 1.2 ≤ ε r ≤4, the differential impedance Z corresponding to the differential signal transmitted by the cable. D The value range is 80Ω≤Z D ≤110Ω, the single-ended impedance Z corresponding to the transmission of a single-ended signal C The value range is 40Ω≤Z C ≤55Ω.

11. The cable according to any one of claims 4 to 10, characterized in that, The diameter d of the battery cell (3) is in the range of 0.127mm≤d≤0.644mm.

12. The cable according to any one of claims 4 to 11, characterized in that, The cross-sectional shape of the medium layer (1) is either racetrack-shaped or elliptical.

13. The cable according to any one of claims 4 to 12, characterized in that, The cross-sectional shape of the dielectric layer (1) is racetrack-shaped, and there are two battery cells (3), with the centers of the two battery cells (3) located at the two centers of the dielectric layer (1).

14. The cable according to claim 13, characterized in that, The center distance S between the two cells (3) and the distance w between the center of the cell (3) and the inner wall of the first metal layer (2) satisfy 1≤S / w≤2.

5.

15. The cable according to any one of claims 4 to 14, characterized in that, The first metal layer (2) includes multiple metal layers arranged from the inside to the outside along the radial direction of the cable, and the spacing between two adjacent metal layers is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to the current coupling distance.

16. An active cable, characterized in that, The active cable includes a first electrical module, a second electrical module, and the cable according to any one of claims 4 to 15, wherein a first end of the cable is connected to the first electrical module, and a second end of the cable is connected to the second electrical module.

17. A communication system, characterized in that, The communication system includes a first communication device, a second communication device, and the active cable as described in claim 16, wherein the first communication device and the second communication device are connected via the active cable.

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