Control method for heat exchange apparatus, and heat exchange apparatus, control valve and vehicle

Abstract

The present disclosure belongs to the technical field of battery thermal management. Provided are a control method for a heat exchange apparatus, a heat exchange apparatus, a control valve and a vehicle. The method comprises: on the basis of an equivalent resistance value in a battery equivalent circuit, generating a target control signal for controlling a heat exchange apparatus, wherein the target control signal is used for controlling a duration during which the heat exchange apparatus maintains heat exchange for a first heat generation region of a battery, and a duration during which the heat exchange apparatus maintains heat exchange for a second heat generation region of the battery. In the present disclosure, a control signal is determined on the basis of an equivalent resistance value in a battery equivalent circuit, and a heat exchange apparatus is controlled on the basis of the control signal to perform independent heat exchange on different heat generation regions of a battery, so as to realize effective heat transfer, thereby reducing the internal temperature difference of batteries, helping to prevent local overheating and overcooling, and thus improving the accuracy of battery heat exchange, and also enhancing the temperature uniformity of the batteries.

Description

Control methods for heat exchange devices, heat exchange devices, control valves and vehicles

[0001] This disclosure claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202410873915.7, filed on June 28, 2024, entitled "Control Method for Heat Exchange Device, Heat Exchange Device, Control Valve and Vehicle", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This disclosure belongs to the field of battery thermal management technology, and particularly relates to a control method for a heat exchange device, a heat exchange device, a control valve, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0003] As the penetration rate of the electric vehicle market increases, the requirements for the performance, lifespan, and safety of power batteries are becoming increasingly stringent. Currently, new energy vehicles powered by lithium batteries have become one of the mainstream directions for the automotive industry. Lithium batteries have advantages such as high specific energy and low self-discharge rate. The cycle life and safety of a battery largely depend on its actual operating temperature. Under high-power charging and discharging, lithium batteries generate a large amount of heat, which can easily lead to spontaneous combustion in vehicles. Therefore, a reasonable battery thermal management system is crucial.

[0004] In related technologies, heat exchange of the battery pack is generally achieved by directly measuring the temperature inside the battery pack to control the heat exchanger. However, this heat exchange strategy only aims to reduce the temperature of the entire pack and cannot perform precise thermal management of the temperature difference between individual battery cells. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This disclosure aims to at least address one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, embodiments of this disclosure provide a control method for a heat exchange device, a heat exchange device, a control valve, and a vehicle.

[0006] In a first aspect, this disclosure provides a control method for a heat exchange device, comprising: the heat exchange device being adapted to independently exchange heat in a first heat-generating region and a second heat-generating region of a battery, the control method comprising: generating a target control signal for controlling the heat exchange device based on the equivalent resistance value in the battery's equivalent circuit; wherein the target control signal is used to control the duration for which the heat exchange device initiates heat exchange in the first heat-generating region of the battery and the duration for which it initiates heat exchange in the second heat-generating region.

[0007] According to the control method of the heat exchange device, the control signal is determined according to the equivalent resistance in the equivalent circuit of the battery, and the heat exchange device is controlled based on the control signal to control the time length of opening heat exchange of the first heat generation area of the battery and the time length of opening heat exchange of the second heat generation area, so as to independently exchange heat for different heat generation areas of the battery, so as to realize effective transfer of heat, so as to reduce the temperature difference inside the battery, help to prevent local overheating and overcooling, improve the accuracy of battery heat exchange, and improve the uniformity of the battery. In addition, the target duty cycle of the control signal determined by the equivalent resistance in the equivalent circuit of the battery can more truly reflect the temperature influence of the battery, so as to improve the accuracy of the battery heat exchange, and improve the uniformity of the battery.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the battery is a single battery or a battery pack including a plurality of single batteries.

[0009] In this embodiment, if the heat exchange control is performed for each single battery, the fine management of the battery pack temperature is beneficial, so that the accuracy of the battery heat exchange is further improved; and if the heat exchange control is performed for the battery pack, the cost can be reduced compared with the single battery.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first heat generation area of the battery includes a pole area of the single battery, and the second heat generation area includes a middle area of the single battery.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the method further comprises: determining the temperature difference between the first heat generation area of the battery and the second heat generation area of the battery; and generating a target control signal for controlling the heat exchange device according to the equivalent resistance in the equivalent circuit of the battery, if the temperature difference is greater than a preset threshold.

[0012] In this embodiment, by determining the temperature difference between different heat generation areas of the battery, if the temperature difference is greater than a preset threshold, the temperature difference inside the battery is large, and the heat distribution is uneven, which is concentrated in some areas and less in other areas. Therefore, the target control signal of the heat exchange device is determined in this case, so that the heat exchange of the battery can be performed in time.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the calculation of the temperature difference between the first heat generation area of the battery and the second heat generation area of the battery comprises: determining the maximum temperature difference at a plurality of different positions in the battery pack; and calculating the temperature difference between the first heat generation area and the second heat generation area according to the maximum temperature difference.

[0014] In this embodiment, by taking the maximum temperature difference at a plurality of different positions in the battery pack as the basis for judging the temperature difference between different heat generation areas of the battery, it is not necessary to collect the temperature of each battery, thereby reducing the calculation cost and temperature collection cost of the temperature difference between different heat generation areas of the battery.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the target control signal for controlling the heat exchange device is generated according to the equivalent resistance in the battery equivalent circuit, comprising: determining a target duty cycle according to the equivalent resistance in the battery equivalent circuit; and generating a target control signal for controlling the heat exchange device according to the target duty cycle.

[0016] In this embodiment, by determining the target duty cycle of the control signal according to the equivalent resistance in the battery equivalent circuit, and outputting the target control signal of the target duty cycle, the operation of the heat exchange device is adjusted to exchange heat in different areas respectively, so as to realize the effective transfer of heat, thereby reducing the accuracy of the heat exchange device in controlling the battery.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the target duty cycle is determined according to the equivalent resistance in the battery equivalent circuit, comprising: determining a first heat generation power corresponding to a first heat generation area of the battery and a second heat generation power corresponding to a second heat generation area of the battery according to the equivalent resistance in the battery equivalent circuit; and determining the target duty cycle according to the first heat generation power and the second heat generation power.

[0018] In this embodiment, by using the equivalent circuit model inside the single battery to evaluate the heat generation of different areas of the battery, the thermal imbalance inside the battery can be identified, so as to determine the duty cycle of the control signal, so that the heat exchange device can be controlled to operate according to the actual heat load, and the targeted heat exchange of the first heat generation area and the second heat generation area can be realized, which helps to prevent local overheating and overcooling, and further improves the heat exchange effect of the battery.

[0019] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first heat generation power corresponding to the first heat generation area of the battery is determined according to the equivalent resistance in the battery equivalent circuit, comprising: determining the first heat generation power corresponding to the first heat generation area of the battery according to the positive electrode current collector resistance and the negative electrode current collector resistance, and the current flowing through the positive electrode current collector resistance and the current flowing through the negative electrode current collector resistance; wherein the positive electrode current collector resistance and the negative electrode current collector resistance are equivalent resistances in the two-dimensional equivalent circuit model of the battery.

[0020] In this embodiment, by determining the positive electrode current collector resistance and the negative electrode current collector resistance as the equivalent resistance corresponding to the first heat generation area, the thermal behavior of the battery during charging and discharging can be more accurately simulated and predicted, and by combining the current flowing through the positive electrode current collector resistance and the negative electrode current collector resistance, the first heat generation power corresponding to the first heat generation area can be accurately determined.

[0021] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first heat generation power corresponding to the first heat generation region of the battery is determined according to the positive electrode current collector resistance and the negative electrode current collector resistance, and the current flowing through the positive electrode current collector resistance and the current flowing through the negative electrode current collector resistance, which comprises: determining the first heat generation power corresponding to one of the battery blocks according to the positive electrode current collector resistance and the negative electrode current collector resistance of the one of the battery blocks, and the current flowing through the positive electrode current collector resistance of the one of the battery blocks and the current flowing through the negative electrode current collector resistance of the one of the battery blocks, wherein the two-dimensional equivalent circuit model of the battery has N battery blocks, and each of the battery blocks includes the positive electrode current collector resistance and the negative electrode current collector resistance; and determining the first heat generation power of the battery according to the sum of the first heat generation powers corresponding to the N battery blocks.

[0022] In this embodiment, by dividing the single battery into multiple battery blocks and determining the first heat generation power based on the heat generation of each battery block, the current flow and heat generation process inside the battery can be accurately simulated, and the heat generation power of the first heat generation region can be accurately determined.

[0023] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the equivalent circuit further comprises an RC equivalent circuit; and the first heat generation power corresponding to the first heat generation region of the battery and the second heat generation power corresponding to the second heat generation region of the battery are determined according to the equivalent resistance in the equivalent circuit of the battery, which comprises: determining the second heat generation power corresponding to the second heat generation region of the battery according to the equivalent resistance and the current flowing through the equivalent resistance; wherein the equivalent resistance is the equivalent resistance of the RC equivalent circuit in the two-dimensional equivalent circuit model of the battery.

[0024] In this embodiment, the RC equivalent circuit can reflect the charge storage and release process inside the battery, the equivalent resistance of the RC equivalent circuit is determined by the two-dimensional equivalent circuit model, and the heat generation power of the second heat generation region can be accurately calculated based on the current flowing through the equivalent resistance.

[0025] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the second heat generation power corresponding to the second heat generation region of the battery is calculated according to the equivalent resistance and the current flowing through the equivalent resistance, which comprises: determining the second heat generation power corresponding to one of the battery blocks according to the equivalent resistance and the current flowing through the equivalent resistance of the one of the battery blocks, wherein the two-dimensional equivalent circuit model of the battery has N battery blocks, and each of the battery blocks includes an equivalent model of the RC equivalent circuit, and the equivalent model includes the equivalent resistance and the equivalent capacitance; and determining the second heat generation power of the battery according to the sum of the second heat generation powers corresponding to the N battery blocks.

[0026] In this embodiment, by dividing the monomer battery into multiple battery blocks and calculating the second heat generation power based on the heat generation of each battery block, the current flow and heat generation process inside the battery can be accurately simulated, and the heat generation power of the second heat generation area can be accurately determined.

[0027] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the target duty cycle is determined according to the first heat generation power and the second heat generation power, comprising: determining the first heat exchange demand power of the first heat generation area of the battery according to the first heat generation power, and determining the second heat exchange demand power of the second heat generation area of the battery according to the second heat generation power; determining the target duty cycle according to the first heat exchange demand power and the second heat exchange demand power.

[0028] In this embodiment, by calculating the heat exchange demand power of each region according to the heat generation power of different heat generation areas of the battery, and then calculating the heat exchange demand power of each region according to the heat generation of these regions, the required cooling or heating of each region can be quantified, the thermal imbalance inside the battery can be identified, and the duty cycle of the control signal can be determined, so that the heat exchange device can be controlled to operate according to the actual heat load, and targeted heat exchange of the first heat generation area and the second heat generation area can be realized, which helps to prevent local overheating and overcooling, and further improves the heat exchange effect of the battery.

[0029] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first heat exchange demand power of the first heat generation area of the battery is determined according to the first heat generation power, comprising: determining the first heat exchange demand power according to the first preset heat power and the first heat generation power of the battery; the second heat exchange demand power of the second heat generation area of the battery is determined according to the second heat generation power, comprising: determining the second heat exchange demand power according to the second preset heat power and the second heat generation power.

[0030] In this embodiment, by combining the heat generation power of different heat generation areas based on the corresponding heat power of different heat generation areas, the heat exchange demand power of different heat generation areas can be accurately calculated.

[0031] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, after the target control signal for controlling the heat exchange device is generated according to the target duty cycle, the heat exchange device is controlled according to the target control signal to open the heat exchange of the first heat generation area of the battery for a certain period of time and to open the heat exchange of the second heat generation area of the battery for a certain period of time.

[0032] In this embodiment, by controlling the heat exchange device through the target control signal, the opening time of the heat exchange device in different heat generation areas can be accurately controlled, targeted heat exchange of the first heat generation area and the second heat generation area can be realized, which helps to prevent local overheating and overcooling, and further improves the heat exchange effect of the battery.

[0033] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the heat exchange device comprises a first heat exchanger corresponding to the first heat generation area of the battery and a second heat exchanger corresponding to the second heat generation area of the battery; the target duty cycle is determined according to the ratio of the first heat generation power to the total heat generation power of the battery, wherein the total heat generation power of the battery is the sum of the first heat generation power and the second heat generation power; and the target control signal is used to control the time length of the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger in the heat exchange device, wherein the first heat exchanger is turned on and the second heat exchanger is turned off when the target control signal is high, and the second heat exchanger is turned on and the first heat exchanger is turned off when the target control signal is low.

[0034] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the heat exchange device comprises a first heat exchanger corresponding to the first heat generation area of the battery and a second heat exchanger corresponding to the second heat generation area of the battery;

[0035] The target duty cycle is determined according to the ratio of the second heat generation power to the total heat generation power of the battery, wherein the total heat generation power of the battery is the sum of the first heat generation power and the second heat generation power; and the target control signal is used to control the time length of the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger in the heat exchange device, wherein the first heat exchanger is turned on and the second heat exchanger is turned off when the target control signal is low, and the second heat exchanger is turned on and the first heat exchanger is turned off when the target control signal is high.

[0036] In this embodiment, the duty cycle is determined according to the ratio of the heat generation power of different heat generation areas to the total heat generation power of the battery, so that the heat exchange of different areas can be targeted according to the heat generation of different areas, i.e. more heat exchange for areas with more heat generation, and different heat exchangers are turned on or off when the target control signal is high or low, so that the target control signal can accurately control the opening time of the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger in the heat exchange device according to the duty cycle, thereby achieving accurate heat management of the first heat generation area and the second heat generation area of the battery, and further improving the heat exchange effect of the battery.

[0037] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the generating a target control signal for controlling the heat exchange device according to the target duty cycle further comprises: controlling the heat exchange device to open the heat exchange of the first heat generation area of the battery for a time length and to open the heat exchange of the second heat generation area of the battery for a time length according to the target control signal.

[0038] In this embodiment, the heat exchange device is controlled by the target control signal, which can accurately control the opening time of the heat exchange device in different heat generation areas, realize the targeted heat exchange of the first heat generation area and the second heat generation area, and help to prevent local overheating and overcooling, thereby further improving the heat exchange effect of the battery.

[0039] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the heat exchange device comprises a first heat exchanger corresponding to the heat exchange of the first heat generation area of the battery and a second heat exchanger corresponding to the heat exchange of the second heat generation area of the battery; the target duty cycle is determined according to the ratio of the first heat exchange demand power to the battery heat exchange demand power, wherein the battery heat exchange demand power is the sum of the first heat exchange demand power and the second heat exchange demand power; and the heat exchange device is controlled according to the target control signal to open the heat exchange of the first heat generation area of the battery for a time length and to open the heat exchange of the second heat generation area of the battery for a time length, which comprises: in the case that the target control signal is at a high level, the first heat exchanger is controlled to be opened and the second heat exchanger is controlled to be closed to exchange heat with the first heat generation area of the battery; and in the case that the target control signal is at a low level, the second heat exchanger is controlled to be opened and the first heat exchanger is controlled to be closed to exchange heat with the second heat generation area of the battery.

[0040] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the heat exchange device comprises a first heat exchanger corresponding to the heat exchange of the first heat generation area of the battery and a second heat exchanger corresponding to the heat exchange of the second heat generation area of the battery; the target duty cycle is determined according to the ratio of the second heat exchange demand power to the battery heat exchange demand power, wherein the battery heat exchange demand power is the sum of the first heat exchange demand power and the second heat exchange demand power; and the heat exchange device is controlled according to the target control signal to open the heat exchange of the first heat generation area of the battery for a time length and to open the heat exchange of the second heat generation area of the battery for a time length, which comprises: in the case that the target control signal is at a low level, the first heat exchanger is controlled to be opened and the second heat exchanger is controlled to be closed to exchange heat with the first heat generation area of the battery; and in the case that the target control signal is at a high level, the second heat exchanger is controlled to be opened and the first heat exchanger is controlled to be closed to exchange heat with the second heat generation area of the battery.

[0041] In this embodiment, the duty cycle is determined according to the ratio of the heat exchange demand power of different heat generation areas to the total heat exchange demand power of the battery, so as to realize targeted heat exchange of different areas based on the heat exchange demand of different areas, that is, more heat exchange of the area with more heat exchange demand, and the opening or closing of the heat exchanger corresponding to different heat exchange demands when the target control signal is high and low, so that the target control signal can accurately control the opening time of the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger in the heat exchange device, thereby realizing accurate thermal management of the first heat generation area and the second heat generation area of the battery, and further improving the heat exchange effect of the battery.

[0042] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the heat exchange device comprises a first heat exchanger corresponding to the heat exchange of the first heat generation area of the battery and a second heat exchanger corresponding to the heat exchange of the second heat generation area of the battery; the target duty cycle is determined according to the first heat generation power and the second heat generation power, comprising: determining a first target duty cycle according to the ratio of the first heat generation power to the battery heat generation power, the battery heat generation power being the sum of the first heat generation power and the second heat generation power; determining a first target control signal according to the first target duty cycle; determining a second target duty cycle according to the ratio of the second heat generation power to the battery heat generation power, and determining a second target control signal according to the second target duty cycle; the target control signal controls the opening time of the first heat exchanger for the first heat generation area of the battery and the opening time of the second heat exchanger for the second heat generation area of the battery, comprising: the first target control signal controls the opening and closing of the first heat exchanger to exchange heat for the first heat generation area of the battery; the second target control signal controls the opening and closing of the second heat exchanger to exchange heat for the second heat generation area of the battery.

[0043] In this embodiment, the duty cycle is determined according to the ratio of the heat generation power of different heat generation areas to the total heat generation power of the battery, so as to realize targeted heat exchange of different areas based on the heat generation of different areas, that is, more heat exchange of the area with more heat exchange demand, and the output of different control signals for different heat generation areas, which can be independently controlled for different heat generation areas, thereby realizing accurate thermal management of the first heat generation area and the second heat generation area of the battery, and further improving the heat exchange effect of the battery.

[0044] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the heat exchange device comprises a first heat exchanger corresponding to the first heat generation area of the battery and a second heat exchanger corresponding to the second heat generation area of the battery; the target duty cycle is determined according to the first heat exchange demand power and the second heat exchange demand power, comprising: determining the first target duty cycle according to the ratio of the first heat exchange demand power to the battery heat exchange demand power, the battery heat exchange demand power being the sum of the first heat exchange demand power and the second heat exchange demand power; determining a first target control signal according to the first target duty cycle; determining a second target duty cycle according to the ratio of the second heat exchange demand power to the battery heat exchange demand power; determining a second target control signal according to the second target duty cycle; and controlling the heat exchange device to open the heat exchange for the first heat generation area of the battery and the second heat generation area of the battery according to the target control signal, comprising: controlling the first heat exchanger to open and close according to the first target control signal to exchange heat with the first heat generation area of the battery; and controlling the second heat exchanger to open and close according to the second target control signal to exchange heat with the second heat generation area of the battery.

[0045] In this embodiment, the duty cycle is determined according to the ratio of the heat exchange demand power of different heat generation areas to the total battery heat exchange demand power, so that the heat exchange of different areas is targeted according to the heat exchange demand of different areas, i.e. more heat exchange for areas with more heat exchange demand, and different control signals are output for different heat generation areas, which can be independently controlled for different heat generation areas, so as to realize accurate thermal management of the first heat generation area and the second heat generation area of the battery, and further improve the heat exchange effect of the battery.

[0046] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, when the temperature difference is less than or equal to a preset threshold, a target control signal with a duty cycle of 50% is output to control the heat exchange device to open the heat exchange for the first heat generation area and the second heat generation area for the same length of time.

[0047] In this embodiment, when the temperature difference between the two areas is within the preset threshold, the temperature difference inside the battery is small, indicating that the heat distribution is relatively balanced. By outputting a control signal with a duty cycle of 50%, the heat exchange device opens the heat exchange for the first heat generation area and the second heat generation area for the same length of time, thereby realizing equivalent heat exchange control of the two areas, which helps to maintain the uniformity of the internal temperature of the battery and further improves the heat exchange effect of the battery.

[0048] In a second aspect, the disclosure provides a control device of a heat exchange device, the heat exchange device being adapted to independently exchange heat for a first heat generation area and a second heat generation area of a battery, the control device comprising: a determination module configured to generate a target control signal for controlling the heat exchange device according to an equivalent resistance in an equivalent circuit of the battery; wherein the target control signal is used to control the time length of turning on the heat exchange for the first heat generation area and the time length of turning on the heat exchange for the second heat generation area of the battery by the heat exchange device.

[0049] According to the control device of the heat exchange device of the disclosure, by determining the control signal according to the equivalent resistance in the equivalent circuit of the battery, and controlling the time length of turning on the heat exchange for the first heat generation area and the time length of turning on the heat exchange for the second heat generation area of the battery by the heat exchange device based on the control signal, the different heat generation areas of the battery are independently exchanged, so as to realize the effective transfer of heat, thereby reducing the temperature difference inside the battery, helping to prevent local overheating and overcooling, improving the accuracy of battery heat exchange, and improving the uniformity of the battery.

[0050] In a third aspect, the disclosure provides a heat exchange device, comprising: a first heat exchanger corresponding to a first heat generation area of a battery and a second heat exchanger corresponding to a second heat generation area of the battery; the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are controlled by the target control signal output by the control method of the heat exchange device of the first aspect.

[0051] According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the heat exchange device further comprises a control valve; in the case that the target control signal is a first level, the control valve controls the heat exchange medium to flow into the first heat exchanger to exchange heat for the first heat generation area of the battery, and in the case that the target control signal is a second level, the control valve controls the heat exchange medium to flow into the second heat exchanger to exchange heat for the second heat generation area of the battery, wherein the first level is one of a high level and a low level, and the second level is the other of the high level and the low level; or, the heat exchange device comprises a first control valve and a second control valve, the target control signal comprises a first target control signal and a second target control signal, the first control valve is controlled to be turned on and turned off based on the first target control signal, and the second control valve is controlled to be turned on and turned off based on the second target control signal.

[0052] In a fourth aspect, the present disclosure provides a control valve, comprising: a valve body and a controller; the controller is configured to control the opening and closing of the valve body according to the target control signal output by the control method of the heat exchange device according to the first aspect; wherein, when the target control signal is a first level, the valve body controls the heat exchange medium to flow into the first heat exchanger to exchange heat with the first heat generation area; when the target control signal is a second level, the valve body controls the heat exchange medium to flow into the second heat exchanger to exchange heat with the second heat generation area, wherein the first level is one of a high level and a low level, and the second level is the other of the high level and the low level; or the valve body comprises a first control valve and a second control valve, the target control signal comprises a first target control signal and a second target control signal, the controller controls the conduction and disconnection of the first control valve based on the first target control signal, and the controller controls the conduction and disconnection of the second control valve based on the second target control signal.

[0053] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the valve body is a three-way valve, the first outlet end of the valve body is connected to the first heat exchanger, and the second outlet end of the valve body is connected to the second heat exchanger.

[0054] In a fifth aspect, the present disclosure provides a battery pack, comprising: a battery; and the heat exchange device according to the third aspect or the control valve according to the fourth aspect.

[0055] In a sixth aspect, the present disclosure provides a vehicle, comprising: the heat exchange device according to the third aspect or the battery pack according to the fifth aspect.

[0056] In a seventh aspect, the present disclosure provides an electronic device, comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the control method of the heat exchange device according to the first aspect.

[0057] In an eighth aspect, the present disclosure provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program is executable by a processor to implement the control method of the heat exchange device according to the first aspect.

[0058] In a ninth aspect, the present disclosure provides a chip, comprising: a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is configured to execute a program or an instruction to implement the control method of the heat exchange device according to the first aspect.

[0059] In a tenth aspect, the present disclosure provides a computer program product, comprising: a computer program, wherein the computer program is executable by a processor to implement the control method of the heat exchange device according to the first aspect.

[0060] The one or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure have at least one of the following technical effects:

[0061] According to the control method of the heat exchange device, the control signal is determined according to the equivalent resistance in the equivalent circuit of the battery, and the heat exchange device is controlled based on the control signal to control the time length of opening heat exchange for the first heat generation area of the battery and the time length of opening heat exchange for the second heat generation area, so as to independently exchange heat for different heat generation areas of the battery, to realize effective transfer of heat, so as to reduce the temperature difference inside the battery, help to prevent local overheating and overcooling, improve the accuracy of battery heat exchange, and improve the uniformity of the battery.

[0062] Further, in some embodiments, if heat exchange control is performed for each single battery, the temperature of the battery pack can be finely managed, so that the accuracy of battery heat exchange is further improved; and if heat exchange control is performed for the battery pack, the cost can be reduced compared with the single battery.

[0063] Further, in some embodiments, by taking the temperature difference at multiple different positions in the battery pack as a basis for judging the temperature difference of different heat generation areas of the battery, the temperature of each battery does not need to be collected, and the calculation cost and temperature collection cost of the temperature difference of different heat generation areas of the battery are reduced.

[0064] Further, in some embodiments, by determining the temperature difference of different heat generation areas of the battery, if the temperature difference is greater than a preset threshold, the temperature difference inside the battery is large, the heat distribution is uneven, and the heat is concentrated in some areas and less in other areas, so that the target control signal of the heat exchange device is determined in this case, and the battery can be heat exchanged in time

[0065] Further, in some embodiments, by taking the maximum temperature difference at multiple different positions in the battery pack as a basis for judging the temperature difference of different heat generation areas of the battery, the temperature of each battery does not need to be collected, and the calculation cost and temperature collection cost of the temperature difference of different heat generation areas of the battery are reduced.

[0066] Further, in some embodiments, by determining the target duty cycle of the control signal according to the equivalent resistance in the equivalent circuit of the battery, and outputting the target control signal of the target duty cycle, the operation of the heat exchange device is adjusted to exchange heat for different areas respectively, to realize effective transfer of heat, so as to improve the accuracy of the heat exchange device in heat exchange control of the battery.

[0067] Further, in some embodiments, by evaluating the heat generation of different regions of the battery by using the equivalent circuit model inside the single battery, the thermal imbalance inside the battery can be identified, so as to determine the duty cycle of the control signal, so that the heat exchange device can be controlled to operate according to the actual heat load, and targeted heat exchange of the first heat generation region and the second heat generation region is realized, which helps to prevent local overheating and overcooling, and further improves the heat exchange effect of the battery.

[0068] Further, in some embodiments, by determining the positive electrode current collector resistance and the negative electrode current collector resistance as the equivalent resistance corresponding to the first heat generation region, the thermal behavior of the battery during charging and discharging can be more accurately simulated and predicted, and in combination with the current flowing through the positive electrode current collector resistance and the negative electrode current collector resistance, the first heat generation power corresponding to the first heat generation region can be accurately determined.

[0069] Further, in some embodiments, by dividing the single battery into multiple battery blocks and calculating the first heat generation power based on the heat generation of each battery block, the current flow and heat generation process inside the battery can be accurately simulated, and the heat generation power of the first heat generation region can be accurately determined.

[0070] Further, in some embodiments, the RC equivalent circuit can reflect the charge storage and release process inside the battery, the equivalent resistance corresponding to the RC equivalent circuit is determined by the two-dimensional equivalent circuit model, and based on the current flowing through the equivalent resistance, the heat generation power of the second heat generation region can be accurately calculated.

[0071] Further, in some embodiments, by dividing the single battery into multiple battery blocks and calculating the second heat generation power based on the heat generation of each battery block, the current flow and heat generation process inside the battery can be accurately simulated, and the heat generation power of the second heat generation region can be accurately determined.

[0072] Further, in some embodiments, by calculating the heat exchange demand power of each region according to the heat generation power of different heat generation regions of the battery, and further calculating the heat exchange demand power of each region according to the heat generation of these regions, the required cooling or heating amount of each region can be quantified, the thermal imbalance inside the battery can be identified, so as to determine the duty cycle of the control signal, so that the heat exchange device can be controlled to operate according to the actual heat load, and targeted heat exchange of the first heat generation region and the second heat generation region is realized, which helps to prevent local overheating and overcooling, and further improves the heat exchange effect of the battery.

[0073] Further, in some embodiments, the duty cycle is determined according to the ratio of the heat generation power of different heat generation regions to the total heat generation power of the battery, so as to realize targeted heat exchange of different regions based on the heat generation of different regions, i.e., more heat exchange of regions with more heat generation, and the opening or closing of different heat exchangers corresponding to the high level and low level of the target control signal, so that the target control signal can accurately control the opening time of the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger in the heat exchange device according to the duty cycle, thereby realizing accurate thermal management of the first heat generation region and the second heat generation region of the battery, and further improving the heat exchange effect of the battery.

[0074] Further, in some embodiments, the duty cycle is determined according to the ratio of the heat exchange demand power of different heat generation regions to the total heat exchange demand power of the battery, so as to realize targeted heat exchange of different regions based on the heat exchange demand of different regions, i.e., more heat exchange of regions with more heat exchange demand, and the opening or closing of different heat exchangers corresponding to the high level and low level of the target control signal, so that the target control signal can accurately control the opening time of the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger in the heat exchange device according to the duty cycle, thereby realizing accurate thermal management of the first heat generation region and the second heat generation region of the battery, and further improving the heat exchange effect of the battery.

[0075] Further, in some embodiments, when the temperature difference between the two regions is within a preset threshold, the temperature difference inside the battery is small, indicating that the heat distribution is relatively balanced. By outputting a control signal with a duty cycle of 50%, the heat exchange device opens the heat exchange of the first heat generation region and the second heat generation region for the same time, thereby realizing equivalent heat exchange control of the two regions, which helps to maintain the uniformity of the internal temperature of the battery, and further improves the heat exchange effect of the battery.

[0076] Additional aspects and advantages of the present disclosure will be in part apparent and in part pointed out hereinafter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0077] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present disclosure will become apparent and be readily appreciated from the following description of embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0078] FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a control method of a heat exchange device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0079] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of different heat generation regions of a single battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0080] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional equivalent circuit model according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0081] FIG. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a heat exchange plate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0082] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a PWM signal control process according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0083] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of one scenario example according to the present disclosure;

[0084] FIG. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of a control device of a heat exchange device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0085] FIG. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0086] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art belong to the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0087] The terms "first", "second", and the like in the specification and claims of the present disclosure are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first", "second", etc. are generally of a kind and do not limit the number of objects, for example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, "and / or" in the specification and claims means at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / ", generally represents a "or" relationship between the objects before and after it.

[0088] In order to fully exert the performance of the power battery, while ensuring its normal service life and safety, the thermal management system needs to make the battery pack work in a suitable temperature range, and as far as possible to ensure the uniformity of the battery temperature. Especially for high-voltage platform batteries during fast charging, although the current thermal management strategy can prevent the battery pack from causing safety accidents due to thermal runaway in normal use to a certain extent, the battery pack itself generates a large amount of heat and has a large temperature difference, which is easy to cause accelerated attenuation of the battery life and affect the fast charging performance of the battery. The precise thermal management strategy to ensure the overall temperature balance of the battery emerges as the times require, but the method of precisely controlling the heat generation of the battery and the heat dissipation of the cooling device is still inconclusive.

[0089] The main cooling methods of battery thermal management system include liquid cooling and direct cooling. Direct cooling and heating technology is a common thermal management method for lithium-ion batteries at present. The principle of direct cooling and heating is that the battery pack cooler is directly connected with the air conditioning system, and the refrigerant in the air conditioning system continuously circulates and evaporates in the cold plate to absorb heat (condenses and releases heat), so as to achieve the effect of cooling (heating) the battery.

[0090] Liquid cooling is to connect the cooling plate in the battery pack with the liquid circulation system, and use the liquid (usually antifreeze or special cooling liquid) to absorb the heat generated by the battery when flowing through the cooling plate. In this process, the liquid circulates under the action of the pump, and carries the absorbed heat to the external heat exchanger, where the heat is dissipated to the environment. The liquid cooling system can effectively control the battery temperature and keep the battery within the optimal working temperature range, thereby improving the battery performance and life.

[0091] In the related art, the heat exchanger is generally controlled by directly measuring the temperature in the battery pack to realize heat exchange for the battery pack. However, this heat exchange strategy only aims to reduce the temperature of the whole pack, and cannot accurately manage the temperature difference of the battery monomer.

[0092] The present disclosure considers that if the heat exchange for each battery in the battery pack can be realized, the different heat generation areas in the battery are distinguished, and the heat generation of different areas of the battery is evaluated, so as to determine the difference in thermal energy between them, and adjust the operation of the heat exchange device to heat exchange different areas respectively, which is expected to solve the problem that the temperature difference of the battery monomer cannot be accurately managed in the prior art.

[0093] The control method of the heat exchange device, the heat exchange device, the control valve and the vehicle provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail in combination with the accompanying drawings, specific embodiments and application scenarios.

[0094] The control method of the heat exchange device can be applied to a terminal, and can be executed by hardware or software in the terminal.

[0095] The terminal includes but is not limited to a mobile phone or a tablet computer and other portable communication devices with a touch-sensitive surface (for example, a touch screen display and / or a touchpad). It should also be understood that in some embodiments, the terminal can not be a portable communication device, but a desktop computer with a touch-sensitive surface (for example, a touch screen display and / or a touchpad).

[0096] The control method of the heat exchange device provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be executed by an electronic device or a functional module or functional entity in the electronic device that can implement the control method of the heat exchange device. The electronic device can include, but is not limited to, a battery pack, a BMS (Battery Management System) in the battery pack, an ECU (Electronic Control Unit), an MCU (Microcontroller Unit), or other controllers, and the like. The control method of the heat exchange device provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure is described below by taking the electronic device as an example.

[0097] As shown in FIG. 1, the heat exchange device is adapted to independently exchange heat for the first heat generation area and the second heat generation area of the battery. The control method of the heat exchange device includes step 110.

[0098] In step 110, a target control signal for controlling the heat exchange device is generated according to an equivalent resistance in an equivalent circuit of the battery. The target control signal is used to control the time length for which the heat exchange device exchanges heat for the first heat generation area and the time length for which the heat exchange device exchanges heat for the second heat generation area.

[0099] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the battery can be applied to different scenarios in different fields and used as a power supply to supply power to different objects. For example, the objects can be vehicles, spacecraft, aircraft, ships, medical devices, power tools, robots, and the like. For example, the battery is applied to a vehicle. The battery can be a single battery in a battery pack or a battery pack composed of multiple single batteries. If the heat exchange control is performed for each single battery, the battery pack temperature can be finely managed, and the accuracy of the battery heat exchange is further improved. If the heat exchange control is performed for the battery pack, the cost can be reduced compared to the single battery.

[0100] During use of the battery, for example, during charging or discharging, due to factors such as unevenness of current distribution, differences in electrode design, internal temperature gradient, differences in material thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity, minor defects in the manufacturing process, working conditions such as charge-discharge rate and environmental temperature changes, and effectiveness of heat dissipation design, the electrochemical reaction rate and heat accumulation in different areas of the battery are different, resulting in uneven distribution of heat generation. For example, the heat generation in the pole region, the center of the battery, the separator region, and the edge region of the battery is usually different. In addition, the longer the length of the battery, the greater the difference in heat generation in different areas.

[0101] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the heat generation area of the single battery can be divided, and the heat generation area of the single battery can include at least a first heat generation area and a second heat generation area. The first heat generation area can be a high heat generation area, for example, the pole area of the battery, and the second heat generation area can be a low heat generation area relative to the first heat generation area, for example, the middle area of the battery. Of course, the heat generation area can also be divided in other ways, for example, not according to the high and low heat generation, but according to the physical position of the battery, for example, the first heat generation area can be the surface of the battery, and the second heat generation area can be the middle area of the battery. The present disclosure does not limit the division method of the first heat generation area and the second heat generation area.

[0102] The pole area of the battery includes the positive pole area and the negative pole area. In the charging and discharging process of the battery, the pole area will have a significant electrical and thermal effect relative to other areas of the battery, so in this embodiment, the pole area of the battery can be used as the first heat generation area, and the area of the battery other than the pole area can be used as the second heat generation area. As shown in FIG. 2, region I in the figure represents the pole area, that is, the first heat generation area, and region II represents the area other than the pole area, or the middle area of the battery, that is, the second heat generation area. The positive and negative tabs of the pole core are connected to the positive and negative poles of the battery.

[0103] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present disclosure, if the battery is a single battery, the first heat generation area of the battery is the first heat generation area of the single battery, and the second heat generation area of the battery is the second heat generation area of the single battery. If the battery is a battery pack including a plurality of single batteries, the first heat generation area of the battery is the sum of the first heat generation areas of the plurality of single batteries included in the battery pack, and the second heat generation area of the battery is the sum of the second heat generation areas of the plurality of single batteries included in the battery pack. That is, when the plurality of single batteries are arranged in a first direction, the pole areas of the plurality of single batteries combine to form the first heat generation area of the battery pack, and the middle areas of the plurality of single batteries combine to form the second heat generation area of the battery pack.

[0104] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the heat exchange device can be used to exchange heat between different heat generation areas of the battery. The heat exchange device can independently exchange heat between the first heat generation area and the second heat generation area of the battery. The heat exchange device can be one or more of a heat sink, a cooler, a cooling plate, a PTC heater, a heat pipe, an air cooler, etc. Of course, the heat exchange device can also be other devices with heat exchange function, and the present disclosure does not limit this.

[0105] In some embodiments, the heat exchange device can exchange heat with the first heat generation region alone or the second heat generation region alone, for example, a heat exchange component is arranged at the position of the first heat generation region, and another heat exchange component is arranged at the position of the second heat generation region; or the heat exchange device has a plurality of different heat exchange components, at least one heat exchange component is arranged at the position of the first heat generation region, and at least one heat exchange component is arranged at the position of the second heat generation region. In this way, the heat exchange with the first heat generation region or the second heat generation region alone can be realized, or the heat exchange with the first heat generation region and the second heat generation region simultaneously can be realized.

[0106] The equivalent circuit inside the single battery can be simulated by an equivalent circuit model (ECM), which can link the electrochemical behavior of the battery to its electrical characteristics. The battery is simulated by means of an equivalent circuit, and the equivalent circuit model can include elements such as resistors, capacitors, and voltage sources to simulate the charge-discharge behavior and internal thermal effects of the battery. Specifically, an equivalent circuit model that can describe the charge-discharge behavior of the battery can be established according to the chemical composition and design of the battery. The equivalent circuit can include series and parallel resistors to simulate the ohmic loss, polarization, and electrochemical reaction of the battery, and the resistance values of these resistors are the equivalent resistance values in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Different heat generation regions can correspond to different combinations of resistor elements.

[0107] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the heat generation of different heat generation regions of the battery can be determined according to the equivalent resistance values in the equivalent circuit inside the single battery and the current flowing through the battery in the working state, and then the duty cycle of the target control signal for controlling the heat exchange device is calculated. Wherein, the working state of the battery refers to the charging or discharging of the battery. Wherein, the current flowing through the different heat generation regions of the battery can be determined in the following manner: the working current of the battery is obtained through the battery management system (BMS), after the equivalent circuit inside the single battery and the parameters of each element in the equivalent circuit are determined, the equivalent current flowing through each heat generation region of the battery is calculated according to Ohm's law or Kirchhoff's law, and then the heat generation of each heat generation region is determined according to the equivalent current and the equivalent resistance value, so as to calculate the duty cycle of the target control signal for controlling the heat exchange device. Wherein, the equivalent circuit inside the single battery is the circuit shown in FIG. 3.

[0108] In some embodiments, the working conditions of the battery can be determined by a measuring instrument, a sensor or a related computing module, including parameters such as charging and discharging current, ambient temperature, state of charge (SoC), etc. For example, the charging and discharging current can be obtained by a test / measuring instrument (such as a shunt or the like); the ambient temperature can be obtained by a temperature sensor; and the state of charge SoC and the like need to be calculated according to the equivalent circuit model and the determined working conditions, the current flowing through different regions of the battery is calculated, and then the heat power of each resistance element is calculated according to the Joule law, so as to determine the heat generation of different heat generation regions of the battery, and thus the target control signal for controlling the heat exchange device can be generated according to the heat generation of different heat generation regions. Through the target control signal, the heat exchange device can control the time length of opening heat exchange for the first heat generation region of the battery and the time length of opening heat exchange for the second heat generation region, so as to realize the heat exchange control of the battery.

[0109] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, in the case of a single battery, the target control signal for controlling the heat exchange device can be generated according to the equivalent resistance in the equivalent circuit corresponding to the single battery; in the case of a battery pack composed of a plurality of single batteries, the equivalent resistance corresponding to the battery pack can be determined according to the equivalent resistance in the equivalent circuit corresponding to the single battery based on the connection mode of the single batteries in the battery pack, so as to generate the target control signal for controlling the heat exchange device.

[0110] According to the control method of the heat exchange device of the present disclosure, the control signal is determined according to the equivalent resistance in the equivalent circuit of the battery, and the time length of opening heat exchange for the first heat generation region of the battery and the time length of opening heat exchange for the second heat generation region are controlled based on the control signal, so as to independently exchange heat for different heat generation regions of the battery, so as to realize the effective transfer of heat, thereby reducing the temperature difference inside the battery, preventing local overheating and overcooling, improving the accuracy of battery heat exchange, and improving the uniformity of the battery. In addition, the target duty cycle of the control signal determined by the equivalent resistance in the equivalent circuit of the battery can also more truly reflect the temperature influence of the battery, so as to improve the accuracy of the battery heat exchange and improve the uniformity of the battery.

[0111] In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0112] determining the temperature difference between the first heat generation region of the battery and the second heat generation region of the battery;

[0113] In the case where the temperature difference is greater than a preset threshold, a target control signal for controlling the heat exchange device is generated according to the equivalent resistance in the equivalent circuit of the battery.

[0114] The temperature difference between different heat generation regions in the battery can generally be obtained by analyzing the heat transfer process inside the battery, including analyzing the heat generated by the electrochemical reaction, the thermal conductivity of the materials inside the battery, the battery structure design, and the heat dissipation mechanism, and other factors. When calculating, a battery thermal model such as a lumped model, a one-dimensional, two-dimensional or three-dimensional electrochemical-thermal coupling model can be used to simulate the thermal behavior of the battery during charging and discharging by numerical methods such as finite element analysis (FEA), thereby predicting the temperature distribution inside the battery. These models can capture the heat generation rate and heat transfer path of the battery in the working state, and then calculate the temperature difference between different regions. Of course, temperature sensors can also be arranged at positions corresponding to different heat generation regions of the battery to monitor and record temperature data in real time, and the temperature difference between different heat generation regions can be obtained by comparing these data. In the case where the temperature difference is greater than a preset threshold, an equivalent resistance in the equivalent circuit of the battery is generated to control the target control signal of the heat exchange device. The preset threshold can be 7 degrees Celsius, 10 degrees Celsius, 15 degrees Celsius, 18 degrees Celsius, etc., which can be set by a person skilled in the art according to the actual situation, and the specific value of the preset threshold is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0115] In this embodiment, by determining the temperature difference between different heat generation regions of the battery, in the case where the temperature difference is greater than a preset threshold, the temperature difference inside the battery is large, and the heat distribution is uneven, concentrated in some regions and less in other regions. Therefore, the target control signal of the heat exchange device is determined in this case, and the heat exchange of the battery can be performed in time.

[0116] In some embodiments, calculating the temperature difference between the first heat generation region of the battery and the second heat generation region of the battery includes:

[0117] Determining the maximum temperature difference at multiple different positions in the battery pack;

[0118] According to the maximum temperature difference, the temperature difference between the first heat generation region and the second heat generation region is calculated.

[0119] In this embodiment, the temperature at each position can be collected by the temperature sensor arranged at multiple different positions in the battery pack, for example, the collected temperature is {T1, T2,..., T S}, then the maximum temperature difference ΔT pack at multiple different positions in the battery pack is max{T1, T2,..., T S}-min{T1, T2,..., T S}.

[0120] In some embodiments, after collecting the temperature at multiple different locations in the battery pack, it can be determined whether the battery has a heat exchange requirement based on these temperatures. For example, if the temperature at multiple different locations in the battery pack is within the suitable temperature range for battery operation, it can be determined that the battery does not have a heat exchange requirement temporarily, and no further processing steps are performed. If the highest temperature at multiple different locations in the battery pack is too high, such as greater than or equal to 40°C, or the lowest temperature is too low, such as less than or equal to 5°C, it can be determined that the battery has a heat exchange requirement, and subsequent processing steps are performed.

[0121] In this embodiment, the temperature difference between the first heat-generating region and the second heat-generating region can be estimated in an approximate manner, since the temperature difference ΔT between the first heat-generating region and the second heat-generating region in the battery... cell Temperature difference ΔT between battery pack pack If a linear relationship exists, then ΔT cell =α·ΔT pack ,in, α The value range can be [0.2, 1]. This range can be pre-calibrated according to the Battery Management System (BMS).

[0122] In this embodiment, by using the maximum temperature difference at multiple different locations in the battery pack as the basis for judging the temperature difference of different heat-generating areas of the battery, it is not necessary to collect the temperature of each battery, thus reducing the calculation cost and temperature collection cost of the temperature difference of different heat-generating areas of the battery.

[0123] In some embodiments, generating a target control signal for controlling the heat exchange device based on the equivalent resistance value in the battery equivalent circuit includes:

[0124] The target duty cycle is determined based on the equivalent resistance value in the battery's equivalent circuit.

[0125] The target control signal for controlling the heat exchange device is generated based on the target duty cycle.

[0126] In this embodiment, the PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) signal can be used as a control signal to control the heat exchange device. The PWM signal is a common signal modulation technology, widely used in power electronics and communication fields. The PWM signal controls the duty cycle of the signal, and thus controls the energy or information transmitted, by adjusting the duration of the pulse (i.e. pulse width) and the interval between pulses (i.e. period). When the PWM signal is 1 (high level), the heat exchange device can be controlled to exchange heat with the first heat generation area, and when the PWM signal is 0 (low level), the heat exchange device can be controlled to exchange heat with the second heat generation area. Of course, it can also be pre-set that when the PWM signal is 1 (high level), the heat exchange device is controlled to exchange heat with the second heat generation area, and when the PWM signal is 0 (low level), the heat exchange device is controlled to exchange heat with the first heat generation area. The duty cycle can be adjusted based on the heat exchange situation of the heat generation area corresponding to the high and low levels of the PWM signal. It should be noted that the duty cycle is the proportion of time that the control signal is in a high state in a cycle. By calculating the target duty cycle of the control signal, the heat exchange time of the first heat generation area and the heat exchange time of the second heat generation area can be controlled according to the target duty cycle.

[0127] In some embodiments, the target duty cycle of the control signal can be determined according to the temperature difference between the first heat generation area of the battery and the second heat generation area of the battery. Specifically, if the temperature difference between the first heat generation area and the second heat generation area is small, it can be considered that the heat exchange demand of the first heat generation area and the second heat generation area is similar, in order to maintain the uniformity of the internal temperature of the battery, the target duty cycle can be determined as 50% or any value near 50%, such as 48%, 49%, 51%, 52%, etc., so that the heat exchange time of the first heat generation area and the heat exchange time of the second heat generation area are similar. Of course, if the temperature difference between the first heat generation area and the second heat generation area is large, in order to maintain the uniformity of the internal temperature of the battery, a longer heat exchange time can be set for the heat generation area with higher temperature, and a lower heat exchange time can be set for the heat generation area with lower temperature, so as to determine the target duty cycle.

[0128] In some embodiments, the working conditions of the battery can be determined by sensors, including charging and discharging current, ambient temperature, battery state (SoC) and other parameters. Using the equivalent circuit and the determined working conditions, the current flowing through different areas of the battery is calculated, and the heat power of the equivalent resistance is calculated according to the Joule law, so as to determine the heat generation situation of different heat generation areas of the battery, so as to determine the target duty cycle according to the heat generation situation of different heat generation areas.

[0129] In this embodiment, the target duty cycle of the control signal is determined according to the equivalent resistance in the battery equivalent circuit, and a target control signal of the target duty cycle is output to adjust the operation of the heat exchange device to exchange heat in different regions respectively, so as to realize effective transfer of heat, thereby improving the accuracy of the heat exchange device in controlling the battery heat exchange.

[0130] In some embodiments, the target duty cycle is determined according to the equivalent resistance in the battery equivalent circuit, including:

[0131] The first heat generation power corresponding to the first heat generation region of the battery and the second heat generation power corresponding to the second heat generation region of the battery are determined according to the equivalent resistance in the battery equivalent circuit respectively.

[0132] The target duty cycle is determined according to the first heat generation power and the second heat generation power.

[0133] In this embodiment, the first heat generation power corresponding to the first heat generation region of the battery and the second heat generation power corresponding to the second heat generation region of the battery can be calculated by the current flowing through the equivalent resistance in the equivalent circuit and the equivalent resistance. Then, the target duty cycle is determined according to the first heat generation power and the second heat generation power. Specifically, the first heat generation power and the second heat generation power can be compared and analyzed to determine the heat generation of the first heat generation region and the second heat generation region. For example, if the first heat generation power is greater than the second heat generation power, it means that the heat generation of the first heat generation region is greater than that of the second heat generation region, and longer heat exchange time is needed. Therefore, the duty cycle can be determined based on the heat exchange time required by different regions.

[0134] In this embodiment, the heat generation of different regions of the battery is evaluated by using the equivalent circuit model inside the single battery, which can identify the thermal imbalance inside the battery, so as to determine the duty cycle of the control signal, so that the heat exchange device can be controlled to operate according to the actual heat load, and the targeted heat exchange of the first heat generation region and the second heat generation region is realized, which helps to prevent local overheating and overcooling, and further improves the heat exchange effect of the battery.

[0135] In some embodiments, the first heat generation power corresponding to the first heat generation region of the battery is determined according to the equivalent resistance in the battery equivalent circuit, including:

[0136] The first heat generation power corresponding to the first heat generation region of the battery is determined according to the positive electrode current collector resistance and the negative electrode current collector resistance, and the current flowing through the positive electrode current collector resistance and the current flowing through the negative electrode current collector resistance.

[0137] The positive electrode current collector resistance and the negative electrode current collector resistance are equivalent resistances in the two-dimensional equivalent circuit model of the battery.

[0138] In this embodiment, the two-dimensional equivalent circuit model (2D-ECM) of the single battery is a mathematical model for simulating the electrochemical and thermal behavior of the battery during charging and discharging. This model can more accurately describe the electrochemical behavior and heat distribution in different regions inside the battery, and the two-dimensional model can better capture the non-uniformity inside the battery compared to the one-dimensional model.

[0139] In some embodiments, if the battery is a single battery, the first heat generation power corresponding to the first heat generation region and the second heat generation power corresponding to the second heat generation region can be calculated according to the two-dimensional equivalent circuit model of the single battery; if the battery is a battery pack, the first heat generation power corresponding to the first heat generation region and the second heat generation power corresponding to the second heat generation region can be calculated according to the two-dimensional equivalent circuit model of the single battery, according to the number of single batteries in the battery pack and the connection mode of the single batteries.

[0140] In this embodiment, by determining the positive electrode current collector resistance and the negative electrode current collector resistance as the equivalent resistance value corresponding to the first heat generation region, the thermal behavior of the battery during charging and discharging can be more accurately simulated and predicted, and by combining the current flowing through the positive electrode current collector resistance and the negative electrode current collector resistance, the first heat generation power corresponding to the first heat generation region can be accurately determined.

[0141] In some embodiments, the battery has N battery blocks, and each battery block includes a positive electrode current collector resistance and a negative electrode current collector resistance.

[0142] Determining the first heat generation power corresponding to the first heat generation region of the battery according to the positive electrode current collector resistance and the negative electrode current collector resistance, and the current flowing through the positive electrode current collector resistance and the current flowing through the negative electrode current collector resistance, includes:

[0143] Determining the first heat generation power corresponding to the first heat generation region of the battery according to the positive electrode current collector resistance and the negative electrode current collector resistance, and the current flowing through the positive electrode current collector resistance and the current flowing through the negative electrode current collector resistance, includes:

[0144] Determining the first heat generation power corresponding to the first heat generation region of the battery according to the positive electrode current collector resistance and the negative electrode current collector resistance, and the current flowing through the positive electrode current collector resistance and the current flowing through the negative electrode current collector resistance, includes:

[0145] In this embodiment, the monomer battery can be divided into N battery blocks in the length direction, and a two-dimensional equivalent circuit model of the monomer battery is constructed. Wherein, N can be any positive integer greater than or equal to 2, the greater N is, the higher the accuracy is, but the larger the calculation amount is. Taking N equal to 10 as an example, as shown in FIG. 3, the equivalent circuit of each battery block in the two-dimensional equivalent circuit model can include the positive current collector resistance, RC equivalent circuit and negative current collector resistance connected in series, and different battery blocks are connected in parallel. It should be noted that, since the actual equivalent model is relatively complex, FIG. 3 simplifies the equivalent model, and different battery blocks are not connected in parallel. As can be seen from FIG. 3, in the equivalent circuit of each battery block, the current passing through the positive current collector resistance will flow through the RC equivalent circuit corresponding to the battery block and the positive current collector resistance of the next battery block, respectively. Wherein, R ps is the positive current collector resistance, R ns is the negative current collector resistance, and s = 1, 2, 3, …, 10 represents the battery block number. The equivalent circuit of the battery includes positive current collector resistances R p1 ,R p2 ,…,R p10 , negative current collector resistances R n1 ,R n2 ,…,R n10 .

[0146] The first heat generation area corresponds to the positive partition I and negative partition I parts in the two-dimensional equivalent circuit model in FIG. 3, and the heat generation power of the first heat generation area is the sum of the heat generation of the positive partition I and negative partition I. Let the current flowing through the positive current collector resistance be I p1 ,I p2 ,…,I p10 , and the current flowing through the negative current collector resistance be I n1 ,I n2 ,…,I n10 , then the heat generation power of the first heat generation area is:

[0147] Wherein, Q1 represents the first heat generation power corresponding to the first heat generation area.

[0148] In this embodiment, by dividing the monomer battery into a plurality of battery blocks and calculating the first heat generation power based on the heat generation of each battery block, the current flow and heat generation process inside the battery can be accurately simulated, and the heat generation power of the first heat generation area can be accurately determined.

[0149] In some embodiments, the equivalent circuit further includes an RC equivalent circuit;

[0150] The first heat generation power corresponding to the first heat generation region of the battery and the second heat generation power corresponding to the second heat generation region of the battery are determined according to equivalent resistances in a battery equivalent circuit, comprising:

[0151] The second heat generation power corresponding to the second heat generation region of the battery is calculated according to the equivalent resistance and the current flowing through the equivalent resistance.

[0152] The equivalent resistance is an equivalent resistance of an RC equivalent loop in a two-dimensional equivalent circuit model of the battery.

[0153] In this embodiment, the RC equivalent loop can reflect the charge storage and release process inside the battery. The equivalent resistance corresponding to the RC equivalent loop is determined by the two-dimensional equivalent circuit model, and the heat generation power of the second heat generation region can be accurately calculated based on the current flowing through the equivalent resistance.

[0154] In some embodiments, the battery has N battery blocks, each of which includes an equivalent model of an RC equivalent loop, and the equivalent model includes an equivalent resistance and an equivalent capacitance.

[0155] The second heat generation power corresponding to the second heat generation region of the battery is calculated according to the equivalent resistance and the current flowing through the equivalent resistance.

[0156] The second heat generation power corresponding to the second heat generation region of the battery is calculated according to the equivalent resistance and the current flowing through the equivalent resistance.

[0157] The second heat generation power corresponding to the second heat generation region of the battery is calculated according to the equivalent resistance and the current flowing through the equivalent resistance.

[0158] In this embodiment, the equivalent circuit of each battery block in the two-dimensional equivalent circuit model can also include an RC loop. Taking N equal to 10 as an example, as shown in FIG. 3, the equivalent circuit of each battery block in the two-dimensional equivalent circuit model can include a positive electrode current collector resistance, an RC loop, and a negative electrode current collector resistance. Among them, RC1, RC2, …, RC10 represent the RC loops of different battery blocks.

[0159] The second heat generation region corresponds to the partition 2 part in the two-dimensional equivalent circuit model in FIG. 3, and the heat generation power of the second heat generation region is the heat generation of the RC equivalent loop in the partition 2. The RC equivalent loop can be determined according to the equivalent model, as shown in FIG. 3, taking RC1 as an example. The first-order equivalent model of RC1 can be composed of a parallel circuit of a first equivalent resistance R 1,0 , a second equivalent resistance R 1,1 , and a first equivalent capacitance C 1,2 in series. For the heat generation of the RC equivalent loop in the partition 2, it is assumed that the first current flowing through the first equivalent resistance R 1,0 , R 2,0 , …, R 10,0 is I1,0 I 2,0 ,…,I 10,0 , flowing through the second equivalent resistance R 1,1 ,R 2,1 ,…,R 10,1 , is I 1,1 ,I 2,1 ,…,I 10,1 , the heat generation power of the second heat generation region is:

[0160] wherein Q2 represents the second heat generation power corresponding to the second heat generation region, R i,0 represents the first equivalent resistance, I i,0 represents the first current, R i,1 represents the second equivalent resistance, I i,0 represents the second current, i = 1, 2, 3, …, 10.

[0161] In some embodiments, the heat generation of the RC equivalent circuit in the partition 2 can also be determined according to the second-order equivalent model of the RC equivalent circuit, as shown in FIG. 3. Taking RC1 as an example, the second-order equivalent model of RC1 can be composed of a parallel circuit of resistance R 1,0 , resistance R 1,1 and capacitance C 1,2 , a parallel circuit of resistance R 1,2 and capacitance C 1,2 , and the three parts are connected in series. Assuming that the first current flowing through the first equivalent resistance R 1,0 ,R 2,0 ,…,R 10,0 is I 1,0 ,I 2,0 ,…,I 10,0 , the second current flowing through the second equivalent resistance R 1,1 ,R 2,1 ,…,R 10,1 is I 1,1 ,I 2,1 ,…,I 10,1 , and the third current flowing through the third equivalent resistance R 1,2 ,R 2,2 ,…,R 10,2 is I 1,2 ,I 2,2 ,…,I 10,2 , the heat generation power of the second heat generation region is:

[0162] wherein R i,2 represents the third equivalent resistance, and I i,2 represents the third current.

[0163] Based on the heat generation power calculations of the first and second heat generation regions, it is known that the resistance values ​​of the equivalent circuit and the current values ​​flowing through each resistor are required during the calculation process. In some embodiments, the resistance values ​​of the equivalent circuit can be calibrated based on the battery material characteristics and prior experimental results, for example, using Hybrid Pulse Power Characterization (HPPC) test data. HPPC testing is a method for evaluating the dynamic power characteristics of a battery, particularly suitable for evaluating the performance of power batteries. Its basic principle is: by applying a short-duration current pulse to the cell, the current-voltage response is obtained, thereby calibrating the parameters of each component in the circuit. Of course, besides obtaining the above parameters through HPPC testing, other methods can also be used, such as DC internal resistance testing (DCIR), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), dynamic measurement analysis (DMA), etc., which are not limited in this disclosure.

[0164] The following example illustrates how to obtain the resistance value in the equivalent circuit through HPPC testing. An equivalent circuit model of a single battery cell can be built using design software (such as MATLAB / SIMULINK, as shown in Figure 3). At this stage, the resistance and capacitance parameters in the equivalent circuit are unknown. The single battery cell is then charged to the manufacturer's recommended full charge state. After the single battery cell has been left to stand for a period of time to reach electrochemical and thermal equilibrium, a short current pulse is applied to the single battery cell. The voltage response of the battery during the current pulse is measured, and a series of applied current pulses and corresponding voltage responses are recorded to obtain the relationship curve between the current pulse and the voltage. Then, based on Ohm's law, optimization algorithms such as least squares, genetic algorithms, and gradient descent can be used to obtain the parameters in the two-dimensional equivalent circuit model corresponding to the single battery cell, including the resistance of the positive and negative electrode structures, the resistance of the current collector, the RC equivalent circuit, and the equivalent internal resistance, based on the changes in voltage and current. Based on the number of battery blocks set in the equivalent circuit model, for example, dividing a single battery into N battery blocks, the parameters in the equivalent circuit corresponding to each battery block can be obtained based on HPPC testing, including the resistance of the positive and negative electrode structures, the resistance of the current collector, the RC equivalent circuit, the equivalent internal resistance, etc.

[0165] The current flowing through each resistor can be determined as follows: The battery's operating current is obtained through the battery management system (BMS). After determining the equivalent circuit inside the individual battery cell and the parameters of each component in the equivalent circuit, including the positive current collector resistance, negative current collector resistance, and equivalent resistance of each battery block, as well as the connection method of the equivalent circuit corresponding to different battery blocks, the current flowing through each resistor of each battery block can be calculated according to Ohm's law or Kirchhoff's law. Then, the heat generation of each heat generation area can be calculated based on the current and resistance values, thereby calculating the duty cycle of the target control signal used to control the heat exchange device.

[0166] The acquisition process can also be achieved through HPPC testing. Specifically, after recording a series of applied current pulses and their corresponding voltage responses, obtaining the relationship curve between current pulses and voltage, and obtaining the equivalent resistance, numerical simulation tools, such as finite element analysis (FEA) software, can be used to simulate the current flow in the two-dimensional equivalent circuit. By inputting the relationship curve between current pulses and voltage, and obtaining parameters such as the equivalent resistance, the current distribution under different conditions can be simulated. In this way, the correspondence between the applied current and the current distribution in the two-dimensional equivalent circuit can be obtained. In the process of calculating the heat generation power of the first and second heat generation regions, the current flowing through the entire battery can be obtained from the sensor, and then the current value flowing through each resistor can be determined according to the correspondence obtained from HPPC testing. Thus, the heat generation power of the first and second heat generation regions can be calculated based on the current and resistance.

[0167] In this embodiment, by dividing a single cell into multiple cell blocks and calculating the second heat generation power based on the heat generation of each cell block, it is possible to accurately simulate the current flow and heat generation process inside the cell and accurately determine the heat generation power of the second heat generation region.

[0168] In some embodiments, a target duty cycle is determined based on a first heat production power and a second heat production power, including...

[0169] The first heat exchange demand power of the first heat generation area of ​​the battery is determined based on the first heat generation power, and the second heat exchange demand power of the second heat generation area of ​​the battery is determined based on the second heat generation power.

[0170] The target duty cycle is determined based on the first heat exchange demand power and the second heat exchange demand power.

[0171] Batteries require cooling or heating in various scenarios. For example, during charging, especially fast charging, the internal chemical reactions are active, generating significant heat. During discharging, particularly under high load or continuous discharge, the battery's internal resistance causes energy to be converted into heat, requiring cooling to prevent overheating. In hot weather or environments, battery temperature easily rises, necessitating a cooling system to maintain it within a safe and efficient operating temperature range. In these scenarios, battery cooling is required. Conversely, in other scenarios, battery heating is necessary. For instance, in cold weather, the conductivity of the electrolyte decreases, internal resistance increases, and battery performance deteriorates, requiring heating to raise the battery temperature and ensure normal operation and charging safety. Under low-temperature conditions, preheating is necessary before discharging or charging to improve charging or discharging efficiency and battery life. Before vehicle startup, if the battery temperature is too low, heating may be required to ensure the battery can provide the necessary power during startup.

[0172] In this embodiment, heating or cooling targets for different areas of the battery can be preset. The heating or cooling target can be to keep the battery temperature within a certain range by heating or cooling, such as keeping the battery temperature within the range of 15°C-40°C. Then, based on the heating or cooling target and the first heat generation power, the first heat exchange demand power is calculated, and based on the heating or cooling target and the second heat generation power, the second heat exchange demand power is calculated.

[0173] In this embodiment, the target duty cycle can be determined based on the first heat exchange demand power and the second heat exchange demand power. Specifically, the first heat exchange demand power and the second heat exchange demand power can be compared and analyzed to determine the heat exchange demand of the first heat-generating region and the second heat-generating region. For example, if the first heat exchange demand power is greater than the second heat exchange demand power, it indicates that the first heat-generating region has a greater heat exchange demand than the second heat-generating region, thus requiring a longer heat exchange time. Therefore, the duty cycle can be determined based on the heat exchange time required by different regions.

[0174] In this embodiment, by calculating the heat exchange demand power of each region based on the heat generation power of different heat-generating regions of the battery, and then quantifying the cooling or heating required for each region, the internal thermal imbalance of the battery can be identified, thereby determining the duty cycle of the control signal. This enables the heat exchange device to operate according to the actual heat load, achieving targeted heat exchange for the first and second heat-generating regions. This helps prevent local overheating and overcooling, further improving the heat exchange efficiency of the battery.

[0175] In some embodiments, determining the first heat exchange demand power of the first heat-generating region of the battery based on the first heat-generating power includes:

[0176] The first heat exchange demand power is determined based on the battery's first heat generation power and the first preset heat power.

[0177] The second heat exchange demand power of the second heat generation zone of the battery is determined based on the second heat generation power, including:

[0178] The second heat exchange demand power is determined based on the second heat generation power and the second preset heat power.

[0179] In this embodiment, heating or cooling targets for different areas of the battery can be preset. The heating or cooling target can be to keep the battery temperature within a certain range by heating or cooling, such as keeping the battery temperature within the range of 15°C-40°C. Then, based on the heating or cooling target, a first preset heat power corresponding to the first heat-generating area and a second preset heat power corresponding to the second heat-generating area are determined. That is, if the heat power of the first heat-generating area is determined to be the first preset heat power, the first heat power can achieve the heating or cooling target, and if the heat power of the second heat-generating area is determined to be the second preset heat power, the heating or cooling target can be achieved. Then, the corresponding heat exchange demand power is determined by combining the preset heat power and the heat generation power corresponding to different heat-generating areas. For example, if the heat exchange requirement is for cooling, the first heat generation power is 7kW, and the second heat generation power is 5kW. If maintaining the first preset heat generation power of the first heat generation area at 2kW and the second preset heat generation power of the second heat generation area at 3kW can achieve the cooling target for the battery's current temperature, then the first heat exchange requirement power is 5kW, and the second heat exchange requirement power is 3kW. Of course, the required heat exchange power is not necessarily the actual power supplied by the heat exchange device. The heat exchange power that the heat exchange device can provide is usually limited, for example, constant at 7kW. By calculating the first heat exchange requirement power and the second preset heat generation power... The required heat exchange power can determine the operating time of the heat exchange device for the first and second heat-generating areas. In this example, the ratio of the required heat exchange power for the first heat-generating area is 4 / (4+2) = 0.667, meaning the heat exchange requirement for the first heat-generating area is 0.667 units. The heat exchange device will operate for 66.7% of the heat exchange time in the first heat-generating area within one cycle, at which point the actual heat exchange power for the first heat-generating area is 7kW × 66.7% = 4.669kW. Correspondingly, the heat exchange device will operate for 33.3% of the heat exchange time in the second heat-generating area within one cycle. The heat power can be calculated based on the difference between the current battery temperature and the cooling target.

[0180] In this embodiment, by combining the heat power corresponding to different heat-generating regions with the heat power generated by these heat-generating regions, the heat exchange power demand of different heat-generating regions can be accurately calculated.

[0181] In some embodiments, after generating a target control signal for controlling the heat exchange device based on a target duty cycle, the method further includes:

[0182] The heat exchange device is controlled according to the target control signal to control the duration of heat exchange in the first heat-generating zone and the second heat-generating zone of the battery.

[0183] In this embodiment, the heat exchange device is controlled by a target control signal, which can precisely control the opening time of the heat exchange device in different heat generation areas, so as to achieve targeted heat exchange in the first heat generation area and the second heat generation area, which helps to prevent local overheating and overcooling, and further improves the heat exchange effect of the battery.

[0184] In some embodiments, the heat exchange device includes a first heat exchanger that exchanges heat with a first heat-generating region of the battery and a second heat exchanger that exchanges heat with a second heat-generating region of the battery.

[0185] The target duty cycle is determined based on the first heat production power and the second heat production power, including:

[0186] The target duty cycle is determined based on the ratio of the first heat generation power to the battery heat generation power, where the battery heat generation power is the sum of the first heat generation power and the second heat generation power.

[0187] The duration for which the heat exchange device activates heat exchange in the first heat-generating zone and the second heat-generating zone of the battery is controlled according to the target control signal, including:

[0188] When the target control signal is high, the first heat exchanger is turned on and the second heat exchanger is turned off to exchange heat in the first heat-generating area of ​​the battery.

[0189] When the target control signal is low, the second heat exchanger is turned on and the first heat exchanger is turned off to exchange heat in the second heat-generating area of ​​the battery.

[0190] In some embodiments, the heat exchange device includes a first heat exchanger that exchanges heat with a first heat-generating region of the battery and a second heat exchanger that exchanges heat with a second heat-generating region of the battery.

[0191] The target duty cycle is determined based on the first heat production power and the second heat production power, including:

[0192] The target duty cycle is determined based on the ratio of the second heat generation power to the battery heat generation power, where the battery heat generation power is the sum of the first heat generation power and the second heat generation power.

[0193] The duration for which the heat exchange device activates heat exchange in the first heat-generating zone and the second heat-generating zone of the battery is controlled according to the target control signal, including:

[0194] When the target control signal is low, the first heat exchanger is turned on and the second heat exchanger is turned off to exchange heat in the first heat-generating area of ​​the battery.

[0195] When the target control signal is high, the second heat exchanger is turned on and the first heat exchanger is turned off to exchange heat in the second heat-generating area of ​​the battery.

[0196] In this embodiment, the heat exchange device may include a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger. The first heat exchanger may cover a first heat-generating area of ​​the battery, and the second heat exchanger may cover a second heat-generating area of ​​the battery. The first and second heat exchangers may be composed of pipes or other hollow structures, and heat is exchanged between the first and second heat-generating areas by a heat exchange medium flowing through the pipes.

[0197] Specifically, valves can be installed at the inlets of the first and second heat exchangers. The flow of the heat exchange medium can be controlled by opening and closing the valves. When the heat exchange medium flows into the first heat exchanger, it means that the first heat exchanger is open and heat is exchanged in the first heat-generating area. When the heat exchange medium flows into the second heat exchanger, it means that the second heat exchanger is open and heat is exchanged in the second heat-generating area.

[0198] In some embodiments, the heat exchange device includes at least one heat exchange plate; the heat exchange plate includes a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger; the heat exchange medium flows in the first heat exchanger or the second heat exchanger to exchange heat with the battery.

[0199] In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 4, the heat exchange plate may include two topological channels, namely channel 1 and channel 2. Each topological channel corresponds to a pair of inlets and outlets, meaning that one heat exchange plate may include two pairs of inlets and outlets. These two channels divide the heat exchange plate into two regions: one region is the first heat exchanger 11, covering the first heat-generating region, and the other region is the second heat exchanger 12, covering the second heat-generating region. The two channels can be controlled by a single electrically controlled dual-channel valve. When the valve is connected to channel 1, the first heat exchanger receives the heat exchange medium and exchanges heat with the first heat-generating region; when the valve is connected to channel 2, the second heat exchanger receives the heat exchange medium and exchanges heat with the second heat-generating region. Due to hardware limitations, channel 1 and channel 2 can only be controlled separately and cannot simultaneously receive the heat exchange medium and simultaneously exchange heat with the first and second heat-generating regions. Of course, in order to improve the heat exchange effect, the cost can be increased so that each of the flow channels 1 and 2 is equipped with a separate heat exchange medium pumping system, so that heat exchange can be carried out simultaneously in the first heat generation zone and the second heat generation zone.

[0200] In some embodiments, the heat exchange plate can be a single-layer plate or a double-layer plate. The single-layer plate can be located at the bottom of the battery pack. If the heat exchange plate is a double-layer plate, then the bottom and top of the battery pack are both provided with single-layer plates, thereby improving the heat exchange effect.

[0201] In this embodiment, through an integrated heat exchange plate design, the heat exchange plate is divided into a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger, allowing the heat exchange medium to circulate in these two spaces to cool or heat the first and second heat-generating areas of the battery respectively, thereby achieving efficient and centralized heat exchange management for different heat-generating areas of the battery.

[0202] In this embodiment, the first on-time of the first heat exchanger and the second on-time of the second heat exchanger can be controlled based on a target control signal with a target duty cycle. For example, a high level corresponds to one heat exchanger being on, and a low level corresponds to the other heat exchanger being on. It should be noted that when the first heat exchanger is on, the second heat exchanger is off, and when the second heat exchanger is on, the first heat exchanger is off.

[0203] In this embodiment, the opening and closing of the valves can be controlled by a PWM signal, thereby controlling the opening duration of the first and second heat exchangers. For example, the heat exchange medium flowing through the first and second heat exchangers can be controlled by an electrically operated dual-control valve. When the PWM signal is 1 (high level), the first heat exchanger valve is opened; when the PWM signal is 0 (low level), the second heat exchanger valve is opened. It should be noted that in this embodiment, when the first heat exchanger valve is open, the second heat exchanger valve is closed, and vice versa.

[0204] The following example illustrates the process of controlling the opening and closing of the first and second heat exchangers using a PWM signal. As shown in Figure 5, the signal generator produces a triangular pulse. The calculated ratio of the first and second heat exchanger power requirements is used as a threshold. This threshold is then processed by a decision-maker. When the triangular pulse signal value is 1, it is determined as 1; when it is 0, it is determined as 0. The output of the decision-maker is a PWM signal with a duty cycle of 1. Upon receiving the control signal, the electrically controlled valve controls the opening and closing of the heat exchangers in the heat exchange plate. After one control cycle, new first and second heat exchanger power requirements can be calculated, and the PWM signal output process resumes. This cycle repeats to achieve heat exchange for the battery.

[0205] In this embodiment, a period can be any value between [10s, 100s]. Of course, a period is not limited to the above range. Depending on the actual situation, those skilled in the art can set it to other values, such as 8s, 120s, 150s, etc. This disclosure does not limit this.

[0206] Taking a 30s cycle as an example, when the duty cycle of the PWM signal is 70%, it means that the high level lasts for 70% of 30s, or 21s, and the low level lasts for 9s within that cycle. If the high level corresponds to the first heat exchanger being turned on, then the first heat exchanger will be on for 21s and the second heat exchanger will be on for 9s within that cycle. When the duty cycle of the PWM signal is 50%, it means that both the high and low levels last for 15s within that cycle, then both the first and second heat exchangers will be on for 15s within that cycle.

[0207] In this embodiment, the target duty cycle can be determined based on the ratio of the second heat generation power to the battery heat generation power, where the battery heat generation power is the sum of the first and second heat generation powers. Specifically, if the first heat generation power is greater than the second heat generation power, it indicates that the heat generation of the first heat generation region is greater than that of the second heat generation region, requiring a longer heat exchange time. Conversely, if the second heat generation power is greater than the first heat generation power, it indicates that the heat generation of the second heat generation region is greater than that of the first heat generation region, also requiring a longer heat exchange time. Therefore, the target duty cycle can be determined based on either the ratio of the first heat generation power to the battery heat generation power or the ratio of the second heat generation power to the battery heat generation power.

[0208] In this embodiment, the duty cycle is determined based on the ratio of the heat generation power of different heat-generating regions to the total heat generation power of the battery. This enables targeted heat exchange for different regions based on their heat generation conditions, i.e., more heat exchange is performed on regions with higher heat generation. Furthermore, different heat exchangers are turned on or off when the target control signal is at a high or low level. This allows the target control signal to precisely control the on-time of the first and second heat exchangers in the heat exchange device according to the duty cycle, thereby achieving precise thermal management of the first and second heat-generating regions of the battery and further improving the heat exchange efficiency of the battery.

[0209] In some embodiments, after generating a target control signal for controlling the heat exchange device based on a target duty cycle, the method further includes:

[0210] The heat exchange device is controlled according to the target control signal to control the duration of heat exchange in the first heat-generating zone and the second heat-generating zone of the battery.

[0211] In this embodiment, the heat exchange device is controlled by a target control signal, which can precisely control the opening time of the heat exchange device in different heat generation areas, so as to achieve targeted heat exchange in the first heat generation area and the second heat generation area, which helps to prevent local overheating and overcooling, and further improves the heat exchange effect of the battery.

[0212] In some embodiments, the heat exchange device includes a first heat exchanger that exchanges heat with a first heat-generating region of the battery and a second heat exchanger that exchanges heat with a second heat-generating region of the battery.

[0213] The target duty cycle is determined based on the first heat exchange demand power and the second heat exchange demand power, including:

[0214] The target duty cycle is determined based on the ratio of the first heat exchange demand power to the battery heat exchange demand power, where the battery heat exchange demand power is the sum of the first heat exchange demand power and the second heat exchange demand power.

[0215] The duration for which the heat exchange device activates heat exchange in the first heat-generating zone and the second heat-generating zone of the battery is controlled according to the target control signal, including:

[0216] When the target control signal is high, the first heat exchanger is turned on and the second heat exchanger is turned off to exchange heat in the first heat-generating area of ​​the battery.

[0217] When the target control signal is low, the second heat exchanger is turned on and the first heat exchanger is turned off to exchange heat in the second heat-generating area of ​​the battery.

[0218] In some embodiments, the heat exchange device includes a first heat exchanger that exchanges heat with a first heat-generating region of the battery and a second heat exchanger that exchanges heat with a second heat-generating region of the battery.

[0219] The target duty cycle is determined based on the first heat exchange demand power and the second heat exchange demand power, including:

[0220] The target duty cycle is determined based on the ratio of the second heat exchange demand power to the battery heat exchange demand power, where the battery heat exchange demand power is the sum of the first heat exchange demand power and the second heat exchange demand power.

[0221] The duration for which the heat exchange device activates heat exchange in the first heat-generating zone and the second heat-generating zone of the battery is controlled according to the target control signal, including:

[0222] When the target control signal is low, the first heat exchanger is turned on and the second heat exchanger is turned off to exchange heat in the first heat-generating area of ​​the battery.

[0223] When the target control signal is high, the second heat exchanger is turned on and the first heat exchanger is turned off to exchange heat in the second heat-generating area of ​​the battery.

[0224] In this embodiment, the greater the difference between the first heat exchange demand power and the second heat exchange demand power, the greater the temperature difference between the first heat-generating region and the second heat-generating region. To meet the battery's heat exchange requirements while reducing the temperature difference between different heat-generating regions, the target duty cycle of the control signal can be calculated based on the ratio of the first heat exchange demand power to the second heat exchange demand power, thereby controlling the heat exchange time of each heat-generating region. Of course, if the heat exchange device can simultaneously exchange heat in different heat exchange regions and can use different powers for different heat exchange regions, the operating power and time of the heat exchange device for different heat-generating regions can be calculated based on the ratio of the first heat exchange demand power to the second heat exchange demand power. For example, for heat-generating regions with high heat exchange demand, the heat exchange device can be turned on at a higher power and then reduced after a period of time; conversely, for heat-generating regions with low heat exchange demand, the heat exchange device can be turned on at a lower power and then gradually increased after a period of time. In this way, the temperature difference between different heat-generating regions of the battery can be gradually reduced during the heat exchange process.

[0225] Specifically, determining the target duty cycle based on the ratio of the second heat exchange demand power to the battery heat exchange demand power includes:

[0226] Where ζ represents the target duty cycle, ΔQ1 represents the first heat exchange demand power, and ΔQ2 represents the second heat exchange demand power.

[0227] In this embodiment, the duty cycle is determined based on the ratio of the heat exchange demand power of different heat-generating areas to the total heat exchange demand power of the battery. This enables targeted heat exchange for different areas based on their heat exchange demand, i.e., more heat exchange is performed in areas with higher heat exchange demand. Furthermore, different heat exchangers are turned on or off when the target control signal is high or low, allowing the target control signal to precisely control the on-time of the first and second heat exchangers in the heat exchange device according to the duty cycle. This achieves precise thermal management of the first and second heat-generating areas of the battery, further improving the heat exchange efficiency of the battery.

[0228] In some embodiments, the heat exchange device includes a first heat exchanger that exchanges heat with a first heat-generating region of the battery and a second heat exchanger that exchanges heat with a second heat-generating region of the battery.

[0229] The target duty cycle is determined based on the first heat production power and the second heat production power, including:

[0230] The first target duty cycle is determined based on the ratio of the first heat generation power to the battery heat generation power, where the battery heat generation power is the sum of the first heat generation power and the second heat generation power.

[0231] The control signal for the first target is determined based on the duty cycle of the first target.

[0232] The second target duty cycle is determined based on the ratio of the second heat generation power to the battery heat generation power.

[0233] The control signal for the second target is determined based on the duty cycle of the second target.

[0234] The duration for which the heat exchange device activates heat exchange in the first heat-generating zone and the second heat-generating zone of the battery is controlled according to the target control signal, including:

[0235] The first target control signal controls the first heat exchanger to open and close, so as to exchange heat in the first heat-generating area of ​​the battery;

[0236] The second target control signal controls the second heat exchanger to turn on and off in order to exchange heat in the second heat-generating area of ​​the battery.

[0237] In this embodiment, the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger can be independently controlled by different control signals. Specifically, a first target duty cycle can be determined based on the ratio of the first heat generation power to the battery heat generation power, and the first heat exchanger can be turned on and off according to the first target control signal. Similarly, a second target duty cycle can be determined based on the ratio of the second heat generation power to the battery heat generation power, and the second heat exchanger can be turned on and off according to the second target control signal. In this embodiment, the first and second heat exchangers are controlled by independent valve assemblies. For example, the first heat exchanger's heat exchange duration is controlled by a first valve, and the second heat exchanger's heat exchange duration is controlled by a second valve. The controller controls the first valve via the first target control signal, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the first heat exchanger; the controller also controls the second valve via the second target control signal, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the second heat exchanger.

[0238] In this embodiment, the duty cycle is determined based on the ratio of the heat generation power of different heat-generating regions to the total heat generation power of the battery. This enables targeted heat exchange for different regions based on their heat generation conditions, i.e., more heat exchange is performed in regions with higher heat exchange requirements. Different control signals are output for different heat-generating regions, allowing for independent control of each region. This achieves precise thermal management of the battery's first and second heat-generating regions, further improving the battery's heat exchange efficiency.

[0239] In some embodiments, the heat exchange device includes a first heat exchanger that exchanges heat with a first heat-generating region of the battery and a second heat exchanger that exchanges heat with a second heat-generating region of the battery.

[0240] The target duty cycle is determined based on the first heat exchange demand power and the second heat exchange demand power, including:

[0241] The first target duty cycle is determined based on the ratio of the first heat exchange demand power to the battery heat exchange demand power, where the battery heat exchange demand power is the sum of the first heat exchange demand power and the second heat exchange demand power.

[0242] The control signal for the first target is determined based on the duty cycle of the first target.

[0243] The second target duty cycle is determined based on the ratio of the second heat exchange demand power to the battery heat exchange demand power.

[0244] The control signal for the second target is determined based on the duty cycle of the second target.

[0245] The duration for which the heat exchange device activates heat exchange in the first heat-generating zone and the second heat-generating zone of the battery is controlled according to the target control signal, including:

[0246] The first heat exchanger is turned on and off according to the first target control signal in order to exchange heat in the first heat-generating area of ​​the battery.

[0247] The second target control signal controls the second heat exchanger to turn on and off in order to exchange heat in the second heat-generating area of ​​the battery.

[0248] In this embodiment, the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger can be independently controlled by different control signals. Specifically, a first target duty cycle can be determined based on the ratio of the first heat exchange demand power to the battery heat exchange demand power, and the first heat exchanger can be turned on and off according to the first target control signal. A second target duty cycle can be determined based on the ratio of the second heat exchange demand power to the battery heat exchange demand power, and the second heat exchanger can be turned on and off according to the second target control signal.

[0249] In this embodiment, the duty cycle is determined based on the ratio of the heat exchange demand power of different heat-generating areas to the total heat exchange demand power of the battery. This enables targeted heat exchange for different areas based on their heat exchange demand, i.e., more heat exchange is performed in areas with higher heat exchange demand. Different control signals are output for different heat-generating areas, allowing for independent control of each area. This achieves precise thermal management of the battery's first and second heat-generating areas, further improving the battery's heat exchange efficiency.

[0250] In some embodiments, when the temperature difference between the first heat-generating region and the second heat-generating region of the battery is less than or equal to a preset threshold, a target control signal with a duty cycle of 50% is output to control the heat exchange device to operate for the same duration for heat exchange in the first heat-generating region and the second heat-generating region of the battery.

[0251] In this embodiment, when the temperature difference between the first heat-generating zone and the second heat-generating zone is less than or equal to a preset threshold, it indicates that the temperature difference between the two heat-generating zones is small, and the calculation process of the heat exchange demand power can be omitted, and a PWM signal with a duty cycle of 50% can be output.

[0252] In this embodiment, when the temperature difference between the two regions is within a preset threshold, the temperature difference inside the battery is small, indicating that the heat distribution is relatively balanced. By outputting a control signal with a duty cycle of 50%, the duration for which the heat exchange device activates heat exchange in the first heat-generating region is the same as the duration for which it activates heat exchange in the second heat-generating region, thereby achieving equivalent heat exchange control for the two regions. This helps to maintain the uniformity of the temperature inside the battery and further improves the heat exchange effect of the battery.

[0253] To further illustrate the implementation process of the control method of the heat exchange device in the embodiments of this disclosure, this disclosure also provides a scenario example, which, as shown in FIG6, includes: a temperature sensor S01, a sampling circuit S02, a BMS S03, a control circuit S04, an electric dual-control valve S05, and a heat exchange plate S06.

[0254] The temperature sensor S01 includes multiple sensors that can be arranged in various specific locations in the battery pack. The temperature sensor S01 can be a negative temperature coefficient thermistor (NTC) that can convert thermal signals into electrical signals and input them into the sampling circuit S02.

[0255] Sampling loop S02 can map the acquired electrical signal into real temperature information and transmit it to BMS (Battery Management System) S03.

[0256] The battery management system S03 can estimate the temperature difference of different heat-generating areas in the battery through the single-cell temperature difference estimator S31; estimate the heat generation power of different heat-generating areas through the thermal characteristic network partition heat generation estimator S32 based on pre-calibrated parameters and parameters such as the current of the current battery; and estimate the heat exchange demand power of different heat-generating areas based on the heat generation power of different heat-generating areas through the partition heat exchange demand power estimator S33.

[0257] After completing the calculation, the battery management system S03 can transmit the calculation results to the control loop S04. The control loop S04 can generate a PWM signal with a specific duty cycle according to the heat exchange demand power of different heat generation areas, thereby controlling the electric dual-control valve S05.

[0258] The electric dual-control valve S05 can control the opening direction of the valve connection according to the input PWM signal, and the two channels of the valve are connected to different inlets of the heat exchange plate S06.

[0259] The control method for a heat exchanger provided in this disclosure can be executed by a control device for the heat exchanger. This disclosure uses the example of a control device executing a control method for a heat exchanger to illustrate the control device for the heat exchanger provided in this disclosure.

[0260] This disclosure also provides a control device for a heat exchange apparatus.

[0261] As shown in Figure 7, the control device of this heat exchanger includes:

[0262] The determining module 710 is used to generate a target control signal for controlling the heat exchange device based on the equivalent resistance value in the battery equivalent circuit; wherein, the target control signal is used to control the duration for which the heat exchange device starts heat exchange in the first heat generation area of ​​the battery and the duration for which it starts heat exchange in the second heat generation area.

[0263] According to the control device of the heat exchange apparatus disclosed herein, a control signal is determined based on the equivalent resistance value in the battery equivalent circuit, and the duration of heat exchange in the first heat-generating region and the duration of heat exchange in the second heat-generating region of the battery are controlled based on the control signal. This allows for independent heat exchange in different heat-generating regions of the battery, thereby achieving effective heat transfer. This reduces the temperature difference inside the battery, helps prevent local overheating and overcooling, improves the accuracy of battery heat exchange, and enhances the uniformity of battery temperature.

[0264] The control device for the heat exchange apparatus in this disclosure can be an electronic device or a component within an electronic device, such as an integrated circuit or a chip. The electronic device can be a terminal or other devices besides a terminal. For example, the electronic device can be a battery pack, a BMS (Battery Management System) within the battery pack, an ECU (Electronic Control Unit), an MCU (Microcontroller Unit), or other controllers, etc., and this disclosure does not impose specific limitations.

[0265] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG8, this disclosure also provides an electronic device 800, including a processor 801, a memory 802, and a computer program stored in the memory 802 and executable on the processor 801. When the program is executed by the processor 801, it implements the various processes of the control method embodiment of the heat exchange device described above and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0266] As shown in Figure 4, in some embodiments, this disclosure also provides a heat exchange device 10, including: a first heat exchanger 11 corresponding to the first heat generation area of ​​the battery and a second heat exchanger 12 corresponding to the second heat generation area of ​​the battery.

[0267] The first heat exchanger 11 and the second heat exchanger 12 are controlled by the target control signal output by the control method of the above-mentioned heat exchange device.

[0268] In some embodiments, the heat exchange device 10 further includes a control valve; when the target control signal is at a first level, the control valve controls the heat exchange medium to flow into the first heat exchanger 11 to exchange heat in the first heat-generating area of ​​the battery; when the target control signal is at a second level, the control valve controls the heat exchange medium to flow into the second heat exchanger 12 to exchange heat in the second heat-generating area of ​​the battery, wherein the first level is one of a high level and a low level, and the second level is the other of a high level and a low level;

[0269] Alternatively, the heat exchange device 10 includes a first control valve and a second control valve, and the target control signal includes a first target control signal and a second target control signal. The first control valve is turned on and off based on the first target control signal, and the second control valve is turned on and off based on the second target control signal.

[0270] This disclosure also provides a control valve, including: a valve body and a controller;

[0271] The controller is used to control the opening and closing of the valve body according to the target control signal output by the control method of the heat exchange device 10 described above.

[0272] When the target control signal is at the first level, the valve body controls the heat exchange medium to flow into the first heat exchanger 11 to exchange heat in the first heat-generating area; when the target control signal is at the second level, the valve body controls the heat exchange medium to flow into the second heat exchanger 12 to exchange heat in the second heat-generating area. The first level is one of a high level and a low level, and the second level is the other of a high level and a low level.

[0273] Alternatively, the valve body includes a first control valve and a second control valve, the target control signal includes a first target control signal and a second target control signal, the controller controls the opening and closing of the first control valve based on the first target control signal, and the controller controls the opening and closing of the second control valve based on the second target control signal.

[0274] In some embodiments, the valve body is a three-way valve, with the first outlet end of the valve body connected to the first heat exchanger 11 and the second outlet end of the valve body connected to the second heat exchanger 12.

[0275] In some embodiments, this disclosure also provides a battery pack, including:

[0276] Battery;

[0277] Such as the heat exchange device 10 or the control valve described above.

[0278] In some embodiments, this disclosure also provides a vehicle including the heat exchange device 10 described above or the battery pack described above.

[0279] This disclosure also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the various processes of the control method embodiment of the heat exchange device 10 described above and achieves the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0280] The processor is the processor in the electronic device described in the above embodiments. The readable storage medium includes computer-readable storage media, such as computer read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0281] This disclosure also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the control method of the heat exchange device described above.

[0282] The processor is the processor in the electronic device described in the above embodiments. The readable storage medium includes computer-readable storage media, such as computer read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0283] This disclosure also provides a chip, which includes a processor and a communication interface. The communication interface and the processor are coupled. The processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the various processes of the control method embodiment of the heat exchange device described above, and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0284] It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiments of this disclosure may also be referred to as a system-on-a-chip, system chip, chip system, or system-on-a-chip, etc.

[0285] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element. Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatuses in the embodiments of this disclosure is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing functions substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0286] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this disclosure, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a computer software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) and includes several instructions to cause a terminal (which may be a mobile phone, computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of this disclosure.

[0287] The embodiments of this disclosure have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this disclosure is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of this disclosure.

[0288] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this disclosure. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0289] Although embodiments of this disclosure have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this disclosure, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A control method for a heat exchange device, comprising: The heat exchange device is adapted to independently exchange heat between the first heat-generating region and the second heat-generating region of the battery, respectively, and the control method includes: A target control signal for controlling the heat exchange device is generated based on the equivalent resistance value in the battery equivalent circuit. The target control signal is used to control the duration for which the heat exchange device activates heat exchange in the first heat-generating region of the battery and the duration for which it activates heat exchange in the second heat-generating region.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The battery is a single cell or a battery pack comprising multiple single cells.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein, The first heat-generating region includes the terminal region of the single cell, and the second heat-generating region includes the middle region of the single cell.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The method further includes: Determine the temperature difference between the first heat-generating region and the second heat-generating region of the battery; When the temperature difference is greater than a preset threshold, a target control signal for controlling the heat exchange device is generated based on the equivalent resistance value in the battery equivalent circuit.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein, Determining the temperature difference between the first heat-generating region and the second heat-generating region of the battery includes: Determine the maximum temperature difference at multiple different locations within the battery pack; The temperature difference between the first heat-generating region and the second heat-generating region is determined based on the maximum temperature difference.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein, The step of generating a target control signal for controlling the heat exchange device based on the equivalent resistance value in the battery equivalent circuit includes: The target duty cycle is determined based on the equivalent resistance value in the battery equivalent circuit. A target control signal for controlling the heat exchange device is generated based on the target duty cycle.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein, Determining the target duty cycle based on the equivalent resistance value in the battery equivalent circuit includes: The first heat generation power corresponding to the first heat generation region of the battery and the second heat generation power corresponding to the second heat generation region of the battery are determined based on the equivalent resistance value in the battery's equivalent circuit. The target duty cycle is determined based on the first heat generation power and the second heat generation power.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein, Determining the first heat generation power corresponding to the first heat generation region of the battery based on the equivalent resistance value in the battery's equivalent circuit includes: The first heat generation power corresponding to the first heat generation region of the battery is determined based on the positive electrode current collector resistance and the negative electrode current collector resistance, as well as the current flowing through the positive electrode current collector resistance and the current flowing through the negative electrode current collector resistance. Wherein, the positive electrode current collector resistor and the negative electrode current collector resistor are the equivalent resistance values ​​in the two-dimensional equivalent circuit model of the battery.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein, The step of determining the first heat generation power corresponding to the first heat generation region of the battery based on the positive electrode current collector resistance and the negative electrode current collector resistance, as well as the current flowing through the positive electrode current collector resistance and the current flowing through the negative electrode current collector resistance, includes: The heat generation power of a battery block is determined based on the positive current collector resistance and negative current collector resistance of a battery block, as well as the current flowing through the positive current collector resistance and the current flowing through the negative current collector resistance of the battery block. The two-dimensional equivalent circuit model of the battery has N battery blocks, and each battery block includes the positive current collector resistance and the negative current collector resistance. The first heat generation power of the battery is determined based on the sum of the heat generation power corresponding to N battery blocks.

10. The method according to claim 7, wherein, The equivalent circuit also includes an RC equivalent circuit; The step of determining the first heat generation power corresponding to the first heat generation region of the battery and the second heat generation power corresponding to the second heat generation region of the battery based on the equivalent resistance value in the battery's equivalent circuit includes: The second heat generation power corresponding to the second heat generation region of the battery is determined based on the equivalent resistance and the current flowing through the equivalent resistance. Wherein, the equivalent resistance is the equivalent resistance of the RC equivalent circuit in the two-dimensional equivalent circuit model of the battery.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein, The step of calculating the second heat generation power corresponding to the second heat generation zone of the battery based on the equivalent resistance and the current flowing through the equivalent resistance includes: The second heat generation power corresponding to one battery block is determined based on the equivalent resistance of one battery block and the current flowing through the equivalent resistance. The two-dimensional equivalent circuit model of the battery has N battery blocks, and each battery block includes an equivalent model of an RC equivalent circuit, which includes an equivalent resistance and an equivalent capacitance. The second heat generation power of the battery is determined based on the sum of the second heat generation power corresponding to N portions of the battery block.

12. The method according to claim 7, wherein, The step of determining the target duty cycle based on the first heat generation power and the second heat generation power includes... The first heat exchange demand power of the first heat generation area of ​​the battery is determined based on the first heat generation power, and the second heat exchange demand power of the second heat generation area of ​​the battery is determined based on the second heat generation power. The target duty cycle is determined based on the first heat exchange demand power and the second heat exchange demand power.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein, The step of determining the first heat exchange demand power of the first heat-generating region of the battery based on the first heat-generating power includes: The first heat exchange demand power is determined based on the battery's first heat generation power and the first preset heat power. Determining the second heat exchange demand power of the second heat-generating region of the battery based on the second heat-generating power includes: The second heat exchange demand power is determined based on the second heat generation power and the second preset heat power.

14. The method according to claim 7, wherein, After generating the target control signal for controlling the heat exchange device based on the target duty cycle, the process further includes: The target control signal is used to control the duration for which the heat exchange device activates heat exchange in the first heat-generating region of the battery and the duration for which it activates heat exchange in the second heat-generating region of the battery.

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein, The heat exchange device includes a first heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the first heat-generating region of the battery and a second heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the second heat-generating region of the battery. Determining the target duty cycle based on the first heat generation power and the second heat generation power includes: The target duty cycle is determined based on the ratio of the first heat generation power to the battery heat generation power, wherein the battery heat generation power is the sum of the first heat generation power and the second heat generation power; The step of controlling the heat exchange device to activate heat exchange in the first heat-generating region of the battery and the second heat-generating region of the battery according to the target control signal includes: When the target control signal is high, the first heat exchanger is controlled to turn on and the second heat exchanger is controlled to turn off, so as to exchange heat in the first heat-generating area of ​​the battery. When the target control signal is low, the second heat exchanger is turned on and the first heat exchanger is turned off to exchange heat in the second heat-generating area of ​​the battery.

16. The method of claim 14, wherein, The heat exchange device includes a first heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the first heat-generating region of the battery and a second heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the second heat-generating region of the battery. Determining the target duty cycle based on the first heat generation power and the second heat generation power includes: The target duty cycle is determined based on the ratio of the second heat generation power to the battery heat generation power, wherein the battery heat generation power is the sum of the first heat generation power and the second heat generation power; The step of controlling the heat exchange device to activate heat exchange in the first heat-generating region of the battery and the second heat-generating region of the battery according to the target control signal includes: When the target control signal is low, the first heat exchanger is turned on and the second heat exchanger is turned off to exchange heat in the first heat-generating area of ​​the battery. When the target control signal is high, the second heat exchanger is turned on and the first heat exchanger is turned off to exchange heat in the second heat-generating area of ​​the battery.

17. The method according to claim 12, wherein, After generating the target control signal for controlling the heat exchange device based on the target duty cycle, the process further includes: The target control signal is used to control the duration for which the heat exchange device activates heat exchange in the first heat-generating region of the battery and the duration for which it activates heat exchange in the second heat-generating region of the battery.

18. The method according to claim 17, wherein, The heat exchange device includes a first heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the first heat-generating region of the battery and a second heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the second heat-generating region of the battery. Determining the target duty cycle based on the first heat exchange demand power and the second heat exchange demand power includes: The target duty cycle is determined based on the ratio of the first heat exchange demand power to the battery heat exchange demand power, wherein the battery heat exchange demand power is the sum of the first heat exchange demand power and the second heat exchange demand power. The step of controlling the heat exchange device to activate heat exchange in the first heat-generating region of the battery and the second heat-generating region of the battery according to the target control signal includes: When the target control signal is high, the first heat exchanger is controlled to turn on and the second heat exchanger is controlled to turn off, so as to exchange heat in the first heat-generating area of ​​the battery. When the target control signal is low, the second heat exchanger is turned on and the first heat exchanger is turned off to exchange heat in the second heat-generating area of ​​the battery.

19. The method of claim 17, wherein, The heat exchange device includes a first heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the first heat-generating region of the battery and a second heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the second heat-generating region of the battery. Determining the target duty cycle based on the first heat exchange demand power and the second heat exchange demand power includes: The target duty cycle is determined based on the ratio of the second heat exchange demand power to the battery heat exchange demand power, wherein the battery heat exchange demand power is the sum of the first heat exchange demand power and the second heat exchange demand power. The step of controlling the heat exchange device to activate heat exchange in the first heat-generating region of the battery and the second heat-generating region of the battery according to the target control signal includes: When the target control signal is low, the first heat exchanger is turned on and the second heat exchanger is turned off to exchange heat in the first heat-generating area of ​​the battery. When the target control signal is high, the second heat exchanger is turned on and the first heat exchanger is turned off to exchange heat in the second heat-generating area of ​​the battery.

20. The method of claim 14, wherein, The heat exchange device includes a first heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the first heat-generating region of the battery and a second heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the second heat-generating region of the battery. Determining the target duty cycle based on the first heat generation power and the second heat generation power includes: The first target duty cycle is determined based on the ratio of the first heat generation power to the battery heat generation power, wherein the battery heat generation power is the sum of the first heat generation power and the second heat generation power; The first target control signal is determined based on the first target duty cycle; The second target duty cycle is determined based on the ratio of the second heat generation power to the battery heat generation power. The second target control signal is determined based on the second target duty cycle; The step of controlling the heat exchange device to activate heat exchange in the first heat-generating region of the battery and the second heat-generating region of the battery according to the target control signal includes: The first target control signal controls the first heat exchanger to turn on and off, so as to exchange heat in the first heat-generating area of ​​the battery; The second target control signal controls the second heat exchanger to turn on and off, so as to exchange heat in the second heat-generating area of ​​the battery.

21. The method according to claim 17, wherein, The heat exchange device includes a first heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the first heat-generating region of the battery and a second heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the second heat-generating region of the battery. Determining the target duty cycle based on the first heat exchange demand power and the second heat exchange demand power includes: The first target duty cycle is determined based on the ratio of the first heat exchange demand power to the battery heat exchange demand power, wherein the battery heat exchange demand power is the sum of the first heat exchange demand power and the second heat exchange demand power. The first target control signal is determined based on the first target duty cycle; The second target duty cycle is determined based on the ratio of the second heat exchange demand power to the battery heat exchange demand power. The second target control signal is determined based on the second target duty cycle; The step of controlling the heat exchange device to activate heat exchange in the first heat-generating region of the battery and the second heat-generating region of the battery according to the target control signal includes: The first heat exchanger is controlled to open and close according to the first target control signal in order to exchange heat in the first heat-generating area of ​​the battery. The second target control signal controls the second heat exchanger to turn on and off, so as to exchange heat in the second heat-generating area of ​​the battery.

22. The method according to claim 4, wherein, The method further includes: When the temperature difference between the first heat-generating region and the second heat-generating region of the battery is less than or equal to a preset threshold, a target control signal with a duty cycle of 50% is output to control the heat exchange device to operate for the same duration for heat exchange in the first heat-generating region and the second heat-generating region of the battery.

23. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein, When the processor executes the program, it implements the method as described in any one of claims 1-22.

24. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, wherein, It stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the control method of the heat exchange device as described in any one of claims 1-22.

25. A heat exchange device, wherein, include: A first heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the first heat-generating zone of the battery and a second heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the second heat-generating zone of the battery. The first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are controlled by a target control signal output by the control method of the heat exchange device according to any one of claims 1-22.

26. The heat exchange device according to claim 25, wherein, The heat exchange device further includes a control valve; when the target control signal is at a first level, the control valve controls the heat exchange medium to flow into the first heat exchanger to exchange heat in the first heat-generating area of ​​the battery; when the target control signal is at a second level, the control valve controls the heat exchange medium to flow into the second heat exchanger to exchange heat in the second heat-generating area of ​​the battery; wherein the first level is one of a high level and a low level, and the second level is the other of a high level and a low level. Alternatively, the heat exchange device includes a first control valve and a second control valve, and the target control signal includes a first target control signal and a second target control signal. The first control valve is controlled to open and close based on the first target control signal, and the second control valve is controlled to open and close based on the second target control signal.

27. A control valve, wherein, include: Valve body and controller; The controller is used to control the opening and closing of the valve body according to the target control signal output by the control method of the heat exchange device as described in any one of claims 1-22; Wherein, when the target control signal is at a first level, the valve body controls the heat exchange medium to flow into the first heat exchanger to exchange heat in the first heat-generating area; when the target control signal is at a second level, the valve body controls the heat exchange medium to flow into the second heat exchanger to exchange heat in the second heat-generating area, wherein the first level is one of a high level and a low level, and the second level is the other of a high level and a low level. Alternatively, the valve body includes a first control valve and a second control valve, the target control signal includes a first target control signal and a second target control signal, the controller controls the opening and closing of the first control valve based on the first target control signal, and the controller controls the opening and closing of the second control valve based on the second target control signal.

28. The control valve according to claim 27, wherein, The valve body is a three-way valve, with the first outlet end of the valve body connected to the first heat exchanger and the second outlet end of the valve body connected to the second heat exchanger.

29. A battery pack, wherein, include: Battery; The heat exchange device as described in claim 25 or 26, or the control valve as described in claim 27 or 28.

30. A vehicle, wherein, include: The heat exchange device as described in claim 25 or 26, or the battery pack as described in claim 29.

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