Hydrogen technology device

Abstract

The invention relates to a hydrogen technology device which is an electrolyzer and / or a fuel cell and has an electrochemical cell (2), said electrochemical cell having a bipolar plate (3), an anode (5), and an anode-side gas diffusion layer (7) which electrically conductively connects the bipolar plate (3) to the anode (5). The anode-side gas diffusion layer (7) has a plurality of anode-side expanded metals (11 to 13), the anode-side expanded metals (11 to 13) are arranged at different distance to the bipolar plate (3) and comprise a first anode-side expanded metal (11) which contacts the bipolar plate (3), and a contact pressure is transmitted between the bipolar plate (3) and the fist anode-side expanded metal (11) via anode-side plate contact regions at which the first anode-side expanded metal (11) contacts the bipolar plate (3).

Description

[0001] Hydrogen technology device

[0002] The invention relates to a hydrogen technology device which is an electrolyzer and / or a fuel cell.

[0003] An electrochemical cell can, for example, be a component of an electrolyzer or a fuel cell. The electrochemical cell can have a bipolar plate. If several cells are connected in series, the bipolar plate can be electrically connected to an anode via an anode-side gas diffusion layer and to a cathode via a cathode-side gas diffusion layer. Traditionally, the bipolar plate is made of titanium. This has the advantage that the bipolar plate forms a passivating layer of titanium oxide, which reduces the formation of titanium dioxide from the bipolar plate during cell operation. However, a disadvantage is that titanium oxide has a lower electrical conductivity than titanium, thus reducing the cell's efficiency. To prevent the formation of titanium oxide, the bipolar plate is conventionally coated with precious metals, such as platinum.If the anode-side gas diffusion layer and the cathode-side gas diffusion layer also tend to form the passivating layer, it is necessary to coat these components as well. However, coating the components with the precious metal is disadvantageously time-consuming and also costly due to the additional process step it entails.

[0004] The object of the invention is therefore to create an electrolyzer and / or a fuel cell with an electrochemical cell having a bipolar plate, the manufacture of which is not time-consuming and not costly.

[0005] The first hydrogen technology device according to the invention is an electrolyzer and / or a fuel cell and comprises an electrochemical cell. The cell has a bipolar plate, an anode, and an anode-side gas diffusion layer that electrically connects the bipolar plate to the anode. The anode-side gas diffusion layer has an anode-side expanded metal or a plurality of anode-side expanded metals, wherein the anode-side expanded metals are arranged at different distances from the bipolar plate and have a first anode-side expanded metal that contacts the bipolar plate, wherein a contact pressure between the bipolar plate and the first anode-side expanded metal is transmitted via anode-side plate contact areas where the first anode-side expanded metal contacts the bipolar plate.

[0006] The second hydrogen technology device according to the invention is an electrolyzer and / or a fuel cell and comprises an electrochemical cell. The cell has a bipolar plate, a cathode, and a cathode-side gas diffusion layer that electrically connects the bipolar plate to the cathode. The cathode-side gas diffusion layer has a cathode-side expanded metal or a plurality of cathode-side expanded metals, wherein the cathode-side expanded metals are arranged at different distances from the bipolar plate and have a first cathode-side expanded metal that contacts the bipolar plate, wherein a contact pressure between the bipolar plate and the first cathode-side expanded metal is transmitted via cathode-side plate contact areas where the first cathode-side expanded metal contacts the bipolar plate.

[0007] The third hydrogen technology device according to the invention is an electrolyzer and / or a fuel cell and comprises an electrochemical cell. The cell has a bipolar plate, an anode, and an anode-side gas diffusion layer that electrically connects the bipolar plate to the anode. The anode-side gas diffusion layer has an anode-side expanded metal or a plurality of anode-side expanded metals, wherein the anode-side expanded metals are arranged at different distances from the bipolar plate and have a first anode-side expanded metal that contacts the bipolar plate, wherein a contact pressure between the bipolar plate and the first anode-side expanded metal is transmitted via anode-side plate contact areas where the first anode-side expanded metal contacts the bipolar plate.The cell has a cathode and a cathode-side gas diffusion layer that electrically connects the bipolar plate to the cathode, wherein the cathode-side gas diffusion layer has a cathode-side expanded metal or a plurality of cathode-side expanded metals, wherein the cathode-side expanded metals are arranged at different distances from the bipolar plate and have a first cathode-side expanded metal that contacts the bipolar plate, wherein a contact pressure is transmitted between the bipolar plate and the first cathode-side expanded metal via cathode-side plate contact areas where the first cathode-side expanded metal contacts the bipolar plate.

[0008] The contact pressure between the bipolar plate and the first anode-side expanded metal and / or the first cathode-side expanded metal can be generated, for example, by arranging the cell such that the anode and the bipolar plate are pressed towards each other and / or that the cathode and the bipolar plate are pressed towards each other. The expanded metals conventionally have ribs and meshes, with the ribs defining the meshes. The ribs contact the bipolar plate at the anode-side plate contact areas and / or at the cathode-side plate contact areas, whereas no contact pressure is transmitted in the mesh area. The meshes allow substance transport to the bipolar plate. Because no contact pressure is transmitted in the mesh area, a high local contact pressure is maintained at the anode-side plate contact areas and / or at the cathode-side plate contact areas.Due to the high contact pressure between the bipolar plate and the first anode-side expanded metal and / or the first cathode-side expanded metal, the formation of a passivating layer at the anode-side plate contact areas and / or the cathode-side plate contact areas can be prevented, or the passivating layer can be formed only with a short thickness, thus maintaining high electrical conductivity between the bipolar plate and the first anode-side expanded metal and / or the first cathode-side expanded metal. Conversely, the passivating layer can form on the bipolar plate in areas away from the anode-side plate contact areas and / or away from the cathode-side plate contact areas, thereby reducing or preventing ion emission from the bipolar plate.Applying a layer containing a precious metal to the bipolar plate and / or to the first anode-side expanded metal and / or the first cathode-side expanded metal is not necessary, making the hydrogen technology device quicker and less expensive to manufacture. Furthermore, the expanded metals are easy to produce, making the hydrogen technology device particularly cost-effective to manufacture.

[0009] It is preferred that the number of anode-side expanded metals is in the range of 2 to 10, and particularly is 2, 3, 4 or 5. Two adjacent anode-side expanded metals preferably contact each other. Particularly preferably, all pairs of two adjacent anode-side expanded metals contact each other.

[0010] It is preferred that the bipolar plate has an anode-side surface that contacts the first anode-side expanded metal and is uncoated. By leaving the anode-side surface uncoated, the hydrogen technology device can be manufactured particularly cost-effectively. It is preferred that a local contact pressure of at least 0.5 MPa, and in particular at least 5 MPa, exists at the anode-side plate contact areas. It is also preferred that a local contact pressure of at least 0.5 MPa, and in particular at least 5 MPa, exists at the cathode-side plate contact areas. This allows the formation of the passivating layer in the area of ​​the anode-side plate contact areas and / or the cathode-side plate contact areas to be particularly well suppressed.

[0011] The first anode-side expanded metal preferably has a coarser mesh than all the other anode-side expanded metals. The first cathode-side expanded metal preferably has a coarser mesh than all the other cathode-side expanded metals. This ensures particularly good substance transport to the bipolar plate. At the same time, this results in particularly high local contact pressures on the bipolar plate. The smaller mesh of the other expanded metals results in good electrical conductivity, and the contact pressure is also distributed more evenly than with the first anode-side and / or the first cathode-side expanded metal. This advantageously leads to low mechanical stress on the anode and / or the cathode.

[0012] The cell preferably comprises a proton exchange membrane. The proton exchange membrane can, for example, comprise perfluorosulfonic acids (PFSA) or their salts, polyetherketones (PEEK), and / or ePTFE. It is preferred that the anode is arranged as a catalytic layer on the proton exchange membrane. Alternatively or additionally, it is preferred that the cathode is arranged as a catalytic layer on the proton exchange membrane. The anode can, for example, comprise iridium black and / or iridium oxide. The cathode can, for example, comprise platinum or platinum black. The anode and / or the cathode can, for example, be applied by a decalcification process and / or by direct coating.In the case where both the anode and the cathode are applied to the proton exchange membrane, the anode can be applied to a first side of the proton exchange membrane and the cathode to a second side of the proton exchange membrane, with the first side facing away from the second side.

[0013] It is preferred that the first anode-side expanded metal is uncoated. This makes the hydrogen technology device particularly cost-effective to manufacture. It is especially preferred that all anode-side expanded metals be uncoated.

[0014] It is preferred that the first anode-side expanded metal comprises or consists of titanium, in particular wherein all the anode-side expanded metals comprise or consist of titanium. Alternatively or additionally, it is preferred that the first anode-side expanded metal comprises or consists of stainless steel, in particular coated stainless steel, a Zr alloy and / or an Nb alloy, or consists of the stainless steel, in particular coated stainless steel, the Zr alloy and / or the Nb alloy, in particular wherein all the anode-side expanded metals comprise or consist of the stainless steel, in particular coated stainless steel, the Zr alloy and / or the Nb alloy.

[0015] The number of expanded metals on the cathode side is preferably in the range of 2 to 10 and is in particular 2, 3, 4 or 5.

[0016] It is preferred that two adjacent cathode-side expanded metals contact each other, in particular that all pairs of two adjacent cathode-side expanded metals contact each other. The bipolar plate preferably has a cathode-side surface that contacts the first cathode-side expanded metal and is uncoated.

[0017] It is preferred that the first cathode-side expanded metal is uncoated, in particular wherein all the cathode-side expanded metals are uncoated.

[0018] The first cathode-side expanded metal preferably comprises or consists of stainless steel, in particular wherein all the cathode-side expanded metals comprise or consist of stainless steel. Alternatively or additionally, the first cathode-side expanded metal preferably comprises or consists of titanium, a titanium alloy and / or a nickel-based alloy.

[0019] The bipolar plate preferably comprises or consists of titanium. Alternatively or additionally, the bipolar plate comprises or consists of stainless steel, in particular coated stainless steel, a zirconium alloy and / or a niobium alloy.

[0020] The electrolyzer is preferably configured to split water into hydrogen and oxygen. The fuel cell is preferably configured to convert hydrogen and oxygen into water in order to release electrical energy.

[0021] It is preferred that the hydrogen technology device has a plurality of cells connected in series.

[0022] The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the attached schematic drawings. These show:

[0023] Figure 1 shows a section through a part of an inventive hydrogen technology device, Figure 2 shows a section through a first experimental setup,

[0024] Figure 3 shows a section through a second experimental setup and

[0025] Figure 4 shows conductivity measurement results obtained using the experimental setups from Figures 2 and 3.

[0026] As can be seen from Figure 1, a hydrogen technology device 1, which is an electrolyzer and / or a fuel cell, has an electrochemical cell 2. The cell 2 has a bipolar plate 3. The electrochemical cell 2 has an anode 5 and an anode-side gas diffusion layer 7, which electrically connects the bipolar plate 3 to the anode 5, and / or the cell 2 has a cathode 6 and a cathode-side gas diffusion layer 8, which electrically connects the bipolar plate 3 to the cathode 6.The anode-side gas diffusion layer 7 has an anode-side expanded metal 11, in particular fewer than two anode-side expanded metals, or a plurality of anode-side expanded metals 11 to 13, wherein the anode-side expanded metals 11 to 13 are arranged at different distances from the bipolar plate 3 and have a first anode-side expanded metal 11 that contacts the bipolar plate 3, wherein a contact pressure between the bipolar plate 3 and the first anode-side expanded metal 11 is transmitted via anode-side plate contact areas where the first anode-side expanded metal 11 contacts the bipolar plate 3. In particular, the contact pressure between the bipolar plate 3 and the first anode-side expanded metal 11 is transmitted only via the anode-side plate contact areas.The cathode-side gas diffusion layer 8 has a cathode-side expanded metal 14, in particular fewer than two cathode-side expanded metals, or a plurality of cathode-side expanded metals 14 to 16, wherein the cathode-side expanded metals 14 to 16 are arranged at different distances from the bipolar plate 3 and have a first cathode-side expanded metal 14 that contacts the bipolar plate 3, wherein a contact pressure between the bipolar plate 3 and the first cathode-side expanded metal 14 is transmitted via cathode-side plate contact areas where the first cathode-side expanded metal 14 contacts the bipolar plate 3. In particular, the contact pressure between the bipolar plate 3 and the first cathode-side expanded metal 14 is transmitted only via the cathode-side plate contact areas.

[0027] The expanded metals 11 to 16 conventionally have webs and meshes, with the webs defining the meshes. The expanded metals 11 to 16 can be conventionally manufactured, for example, by shearing a sheet and then plastically deforming the sheet. The contact pressures can be generated, for example, by arranging the cell such that the anode and / or the cathode are pressed towards the bipolar plate 3.

[0028] The bipolar plate 3 can have an anode-side surface facing the anode-side gas diffusion layer 7. The anode-side surface has anode-side plate contact areas that are contacted by the first anode-side expanded metal 11, i.e., by the webs of the anode-side expanded metal 11, and anode-side plate free areas that are not contacted by the first anode-side expanded metal 11. Gas and / or water can reach the anode-side plate free areas during operation of the hydrogen technology device 1. The anode-side expanded metals 11 to 13 can have a final anode-side expanded metal 13 that has the longest distance from the bipolar plate 3 of all the anode-side expanded metals 11 to 13.The anode 5 can have an anode surface facing the anode-side gas diffusion layer 7, as well as anode contact areas that are contacted by the last anode-side expanded metal 13, i.e., by the webs of the last anode-side expanded metal 13, and anode-free areas that are not contacted by the last anode-side expanded metal 13. Gas and / or water can reach the anode-free areas during operation. It is conceivable that the area of ​​the anode contact areas is larger than the area of ​​the anode-side plate contact areas. This allows the contact pressure between the last anode-side expanded metal 13 and the anode 5 to be kept low, thus minimizing the mechanical stress on the anode 5. This can be achieved, for example, by choosing a mesh size of the first anode-side expanded metal 11 that is larger than the mesh size of the last anode-side expanded metal 13.

[0029] The bipolar plate 3 can have a cathode-side surface facing the cathode-side gas diffusion layer 8. The cathode-side surface can also face away from the anode-side surface. The cathode-side surface has cathode-side plate contact areas that are contacted by the first cathode-side expanded metal 14, i.e., by the webs of the cathode-side expanded metal 14, and cathode-side plate free areas that are not contacted by the first cathode-side expanded metal 14. Gas and / or water can reach the cathode-side plate free areas during operation of the hydrogen technology device 1. The cathode-side expanded metals 14 to 16 can have a last cathode-side expanded metal 16 which has the longest distance of all the cathode-side expanded metals 14 to 16 from the bipolar plate 3 .It is conceivable that a carbon paper is arranged between the last cathode-side expanded metal 16 and the cathode 6, contacting both the last cathode-side expanded metal 14 and the cathode 6. The cathode 6 can have a cathode surface facing the cathode-side gas diffusion layer 8, as well as cathode contact areas subjected to contact pressure by the last cathode-side expanded metal 16, i.e., by the webs of the last cathode-side expanded metal 16, and cathode free areas not subjected to contact pressure. Gas and / or water can reach the cathode free areas during operation. It is conceivable that the area of ​​the cathode contact areas is larger than the area of ​​the cathode-side plate contact areas.This allows the contact pressure between the last cathode-side expanded metal 16 and the cathode 6 to be kept low, thus minimizing the mechanical stress on the cathode 6. This can be achieved, for example, by selecting a mesh size larger than that of the last cathode-side expanded metal 16.

[0030] The anode-side surface and / or the cathode-side surface can be uncoated. This allows a passivating layer to form in the plate-free areas, whereas the formation of a passivating layer is prevented or at least inhibited in the plate contact areas. The bipolar plate 3 can have titanium or be made of titanium. The first anode-side expanded metal 11 can be uncoated; in particular, all anode-side expanded metals 11 to 13 can be uncoated. The first anode-side expanded metal 11 can have titanium or be made of titanium; in particular, all anode-side expanded metals 11 to 13 can have titanium or be made of titanium. The first cathode-side expanded metal 14 can be uncoated; in particular, all cathode-side expanded metals 14 to 16 can be uncoated.

[0031] The first cathode-side expanded metal 14 may be made of or consist of stainless steel, in particular all the cathode-side expanded metals 14 to 16 may be made of or consist of stainless steel.

[0032] It is conceivable that on the anode side

[0033] A local contact pressure of at least 0.5 MPa, and in particular at least 5 MPa, prevails at the plate contact areas. It is conceivable that a local contact pressure of at least 0.5 MPa, and in particular at least 5 MPa, prevails at the cathode-side plate contact areas. The first anode-side expanded metal 11 can have a coarser mesh than all the other anode-side expanded metals 11 to 13. The first cathode-side expanded metal 14 can have a coarser mesh than all the other cathode-side expanded metals 14 to 16.

[0034] The number of anode-side expanded metals 11 to 13 and / or the number of cathode-side expanded metals 14 to 16 can each be in a range of 2 to 10 and in particular be 2, 3, 4 or 5, where in Figure 1 the number is 3. It is conceivable that all pairs contact each other at two adjacent anode-side expanded metals 11 to 13 and that all pairs contact each other at two adjacent cathode-side expanded metals 14 to 16.

[0035] Figure 1 shows that the cell 2 can have a proton exchange membrane 4. The anode 5 and / or the cathode 6 can be arranged as a respective catalytic layer on the proton exchange membrane 4. It is conceivable that the hydrogen technology device 1 has a plurality of cells 2 connected in series. In particular, in this case, it is conceivable that both the anode 5 and the cathode 6 are arranged as a respective catalytic layer on the proton exchange membrane 4. The anode 5 can be arranged on a first side of the proton exchange membrane 4, and the cathode 6 can be arranged on a second side of the proton exchange membrane 4, with the second side facing away from the first side.

[0036] In the case that the hydrogen technology device 1 is an electrolyzer, water and the oxygen produced by electrolysis can be arranged in the anode-side gas diffusion layer 7 during operation of the electrolyzer, and water and the hydrogen produced by electrolysis can be arranged in the cathode-side gas diffusion layer 8. In the case that the hydrogen technology device 1 is a fuel cell, hydrogen can be introduced into the anode-side gas diffusion layer 7 during operation of the fuel cell, and water produced by the reaction with oxygen can be arranged there, and oxygen can be introduced into the cathode-side gas diffusion layer 8, and water produced by the reaction with hydrogen can be arranged there.

[0037] Figure 2 shows a first experimental setup in which a first electrode 23, a first carbon paper 21, the bipolar plate 3, a second carbon paper 22, and a second electrode 24 are connected in series in that order. Figure 3 shows a second experimental setup in which a first electrode 23, a first carbon paper 21, the cathode-side gas diffusion layer 8, the bipolar plate 3, the anode-side gas diffusion layer 7, a second carbon paper 22, and a second electrode 24 are connected in series in that order. Electrolysis experiments with a runtime of more than 1000 hours were carried out. Figure 4 shows the resistances R subsequently measured between the first electrode 33 and the second electrode 34 for experiments 32, 34, and 36 with the first experimental setup and for experiments 31, 33, and 35 with the second experimental setup.In experiments 31 and 32, bipolar plate 3 was uncoated. In experiments 33 and 34, bipolar plate 3 was coated on one side with platinum, which was applied using a PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition) process. In experiments 35 and 36, bipolar plate 3 was coated on both sides: gold on the cathode side and platinum on the anode side. The layers were applied using a thermal spraying process. A comparison of experiment 32 with experiments 34 and 36 shows that without the presence of the anode-side gas diffusion layer 7 and the cathode-side gas diffusion layer 8, the coating of bipolar plate 3 significantly reduces the resistance R. A comparison of experiment 31 with experiments 33 and 35 shows that when using the anode-side gas diffusion layer 7 and the cathode-side gas diffusion layer 8, the resistance R is significantly reduced.

[0038] 8 the uncoated bipolar plate 3 shows hardly any disadvantage compared to the coated bipolar plates 3.

Claims

Patent claims 1. Hydrogen technology device, which is an electrolyzer and / or a fuel cell and comprises an electrochemical cell (2) having a bipolar plate (3), an anode (5) and an anode-side gas diffusion layer (7) that electrically connects the bipolar plate (3) to the anode (5), wherein the anode-side gas diffusion layer (7) comprises an anode-side expanded metal (11) or a plurality of anode-side expanded metals (11 to 13), wherein the anode-side expanded metals (11 to 13) are arranged at different distances from the bipolar plate (3) and comprise a first anode-side expanded metal (11) that contacts the bipolar plate (3), wherein a contact pressure between the bipolar plate (3) and the first anode-side expanded metal (11) is transmitted via anode-side plate contact areas where the first anode-side expanded metal (11) the bipolar plate (3) is contacted.

2. Hydrogen technology device, which is an electrolyzer and / or a fuel cell and comprises an electrochemical cell (2) having a bipolar plate (3), a cathode (6) and a cathode-side gas diffusion layer (8) that electrically connects the bipolar plate (3) to the cathode (6), wherein the cathode-side gas diffusion layer (8) comprises a cathode-side expanded metal (14) or a plurality of cathode-side expanded metals (14 to 16), wherein the cathode-side expanded metals (14 to 16) are arranged at different distances from the bipolar plate (3) and comprise a first cathode-side expanded metal (14) that contacts the bipolar plate (3), wherein a contact pressure is transmitted between the bipolar plate (3) and the first cathode-side expanded metal (14) via cathode-side plate contact areas at which the first cathode-side expanded metal (14) contacts the bipolar plate (3).

3. Hydrogen technology device, which is an electrolyzer and / or a fuel cell and comprises an electrochemical cell (2) having a bipolar plate (3), an anode (5) and an anode-side gas diffusion layer (7) that electrically connects the bipolar plate (3) to the anode (5), wherein the anode-side gas diffusion layer (7) comprises an anode-side expanded metal (11) or a plurality of anode-side expanded metals (11 to 13), wherein the anode-side expanded metals (11 to 13) are arranged at different distances from the bipolar plate (3) and comprise a first anode-side expanded metal (11) that contacts the bipolar plate (3), wherein a contact pressure between the bipolar plate (3) and the first anode-side expanded metal (11) is transmitted via anode-side plate contact areas where the first anode-side expanded metal (11) the bipolar plate (3) is contacted,wherein the cell (2) has a cathode (6) and a cathode-side gas diffusion layer, (8) having an electrically conductive connection between the bipolar plate (3) and the cathode (6), wherein the cathode-side gas diffusion layer (8) has a cathode-side expanded metal (14) or a plurality of cathode-side expanded metals (14 to 16), wherein the cathode-side expanded metals (14 to 16) are arranged at different distances from the bipolar plate (3) and have a first cathode-side expanded metal (14) that contacts the bipolar plate (3), wherein a contact pressure between the bipolar plate (3) and the first cathode-side expanded metal (14) is transmitted via cathode-side plate contact areas where the first cathode-side expanded metal (14) contacts the bipolar plate (3).

4. Hydrogen technology device according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the bipolar plate (3) has an anode-side surface which contacts the first anode-side expanded metal (11) and is uncoated.

5. Hydrogen technology device according to one of claims 1, 3 and 4, wherein a There is a local contact pressure of at least 0.5 MPa, in particular at least 5 MPa.

6. Hydrogen technology device according to one of claims 1 and 3 to 5, wherein the first anode-side expanded metal (11) has coarser meshes than all the other anode-side expanded metals (11 to 13).

7. Hydrogen technology device according to one of claims 1 and 3 to 6, wherein the first anode-side expanded metal (11) is uncoated, in particular wherein all the anode-side expanded metals (11 to 13) are uncoated.

8. Hydrogen technology device according to one of claims 1 and 3 to 7, wherein the first anode-side expanded metal (11) comprises or consists of titanium, in particular wherein all the anode-side expanded metals (11 to 13) comprise or consist of titanium.

9. Hydrogen technology device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the bipolar plate (3) has a cathode-side surface which contacts the first cathode-side expanded metal (14) and is uncoated.

10. Hydrogen technology device according to one of claims 2, 3 and 9, wherein a local contact pressure prevails at the cathode-side plate contact areas, which is at least 0.5 MPa, in particular at least 5 MPa.

11. Hydrogen technology device according to one of claims 2, 3, 9 and 10, wherein the first cathode-side expanded metal (14) has coarser meshes than all the other cathode-side expanded metals (14 to 16).

12. Hydrogen technology device according to one of claims 2, 3 and 9 to 11, wherein the first cathode-side expanded metal (14) is uncoated, in particular wherein all the cathode-side expanded metals (14 to 16) are uncoated.

13. Hydrogen technology device according to one of claims 2, 3 and 9 to 12, wherein the first cathode-side expanded metal (14) comprises or consists of stainless steel, in particular wherein all the cathode-side expanded metals (14 to 16) comprise or consist of stainless steel.

14. Hydrogen technology device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the bipolar plate (3) comprises or is made of titanium.

15. Hydrogen technology device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the hydrogen technology device (1) has a plurality of cells (2) connected in series.

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