Battery pack and vehicle including same

Abstract

The present invention relates to a battery pack including: a plurality of battery cells; a pack case configured to accommodate the plurality of battery cells and having in one side thereof a venting device configured so as to discharge venting gas generated in the battery cells to the outside; and a fire-extinguishing member provided in the pack case and configured so as to provide a fire-extinguishing material to the venting device.

Description

Battery pack and vehicle including same

[0001] The present invention relates to a battery pack, and more particularly, to a battery pack with enhanced safety and a vehicle including the same.

[0002] This application claims priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2024-0084842, filed on June 27, 2024, and all contents disclosed in the specification and drawings of the said application are incorporated herein by reference.

[0003] Secondary batteries, which boast high electrical properties such as high energy density and easy applicability across a wide range of product categories, are widely used not only in portable devices but also in electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) powered by electrical power sources. These batteries are attracting attention as a new energy source for environmental friendliness and energy efficiency, not only because they can dramatically reduce fossil fuel use, but also because they produce no byproducts from energy use.

[0004] Commonly used secondary battery types today include lithium-ion batteries, lithium polymer batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, and nickel-zinc batteries. When high output voltage is required, multiple battery cells are connected in series to form a battery module or battery pack. Furthermore, to increase charge / discharge capacity, multiple battery cells are connected in parallel to form a battery module or battery pack.

[0005] When connecting multiple battery cells in series or parallel to form a battery pack, it's common to first construct a battery module containing at least one battery cell, and then use this at least one battery module to add other components to form a battery pack or battery rack. Recently, battery packs in the cell-to-pack form, where multiple battery cells are housed directly in a pack housing or other device, without modularization, have also been manufactured.

[0006] However, if a thermal event such as thermal runaway occurs within the battery pack, gas may be emitted from the battery cells contained within, and this gas may contain flames or other flammable substances. Furthermore, when gas is typically emitted from a battery cell, pieces of electrode plates or active material within the battery cell may be ejected to the outside in a heated state, and these high-temperature particles may appear in the form of sparks.

[0007] In conventional battery packs, when an abnormality occurs in a specific battery cell or battery module, high-temperature gases are often discharged through vents provided in the pack case. If a spark is exposed to the outside of the pack case along with the gases, the gases may react with oxygen outside the battery pack, potentially creating flames or developing into fires outside the battery pack. Furthermore, if a flame or fire occurs outside a specific battery pack, the fire may spread to adjacent battery packs or devices equipped with the battery pack, potentially causing even more serious problems.

[0008] Therefore, there is a growing need for a technology to prevent sparks or flames from being exposed to the outside of the battery pack through the venting portion, thereby suppressing the occurrence or spread of flames or fire outside the battery pack.

[0009] Accordingly, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a battery pack and a vehicle including the same that can ensure safety and reliability in the event of thermal runaway of a battery module or an abnormal situation of a battery cell or battery module.

[0010] However, the problems to be solved by the present invention are not limited to the problems described above, and other problems not mentioned can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description of the invention described below.

[0011] To solve the above problem, the present invention provides a battery pack comprising: a pack case configured to accommodate the plurality of battery cells and having a venting device provided on one side thereof to discharge venting gas generated from the battery cells to the outside; and an extinguishing member provided in the pack case and configured to provide an extinguishing agent toward the venting device.

[0012] The above digestive member may be configured to absorb heat and change the material properties.

[0013] The above-mentioned digestive member may be configured to surround the outer periphery of the venting device.

[0014] The above digestive member may be provided on the inner side of the pack case.

[0015] The above pack case has a plurality of beams having a hollow space formed therein, and the fire extinguishing member can be provided in the hollow space formed in at least one of the plurality of beams.

[0016] The extinguishing material generated from the above extinguishing member may be configured to move from the hollow portion toward the venting device.

[0017] The above pack case may be provided with a discharge hole that is configured to communicate with the hollow space to discharge the extinguishing agent generated from the extinguishing member.

[0018] The above discharge hole may be provided in at least one of the plurality of beams.

[0019] The above discharge hole may be provided in a beam on which the venting device is provided.

[0020] The above discharge hole may be configured to discharge the extinguishing material across the venting device.

[0021] The above discharge hole may be configured to discharge the extinguishing material along the height direction of the venting device.

[0022] The above discharge holes may be arranged in multiple numbers along the width direction of the venting device.

[0023] In addition, a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention may further include a cover member that covers the discharge hole and is configured to open the discharge hole by melting it with heat.

[0024] And, the present invention provides an automobile characterized by including a battery pack according to the present invention.

[0025] According to one aspect of the present invention, sparks generated in an abnormal state of a battery cell are prevented from being exposed to the outside of the pack case by a fire extinguishing agent, such as carbon dioxide, generated by the sublimation of a fire extinguishing member, thereby suppressing the occurrence of flames outside the pack case. Accordingly, the safety and reliability of the battery pack can be guaranteed.

[0026] Additionally, according to one aspect of the present invention, the extinguishing member may be configured to absorb surrounding heat as it sublimates, thereby lowering the temperature on the venting device (V). Accordingly, the extinguishing of sparks directed toward the venting device (V) can be induced. This can thereby prevent sparks from being emitted to the outside of the pack case (200).

[0027] Furthermore, according to one aspect of the present invention, when an event such as thermal runaway occurs in a battery pack, the flame or fire can be extinguished by the extinguishing agent. Therefore, chain reactions between battery cells can be more effectively suppressed.

[0028] Moreover, according to one aspect of the present invention, by suppressing flame development outside the battery pack, the performance of preventing thermal propagation per pack can be effectively secured.

[0029] This can prevent or delay events such as fire or explosion due to thermal runaway of a battery pack containing multiple battery modules or a device equipped with them.

[0030] In particular, for electric vehicles, by inhibiting or delaying the propagation of thermal runaway between battery cells or battery modules, sufficient time can be secured for occupants to escape or drive.

[0031] In addition, the present invention may have various other effects, which will be described in each embodiment configuration, or the description of effects that can be easily inferred by those skilled in the art will be omitted.

[0032] The following drawings attached to this specification illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention, and together with the detailed description of the invention described below, serve to further understand the technical idea of ​​the present invention, and therefore, the present invention should not be interpreted as being limited to matters described in such drawings.

[0033] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 is an exploded perspective view of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a battery module included in a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] FIG. 4 is a drawing showing that a fire extinguishing material is provided toward a venting device included in a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] FIGS. 5 and 6 are internal perspective views of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention, illustrating an embodiment in which a fire extinguishing material is provided toward the venting device.

[0038] Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional perspective view of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention. For example, Fig. 7 may be a drawing illustrating cross-section I-I' of Fig. 1.

[0039] Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention, viewed from above. For example, Fig. 7 may be a drawing showing the cross-section II-II' of Fig. 1.

[0040] FIG. 9 is a drawing for explaining an embodiment in which a fire extinguishing material is provided toward the venting device side in a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] FIG. 10 is a drawing for explaining a discharge hole in a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] FIG. 11 is a drawing for explaining a discharge hole in a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] FIG. 12 is a drawing for explaining a discharge hole in a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] FIG. 13 is a drawing for explaining a discharge hole in a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] FIG. 14 is a drawing for explaining an embodiment in which a fire extinguishing material is provided toward the venting device side in a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] FIG. 15 is a drawing for explaining a discharge hole in a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] FIG. 16 is a drawing for explaining an embodiment in which a fire extinguishing material is provided from a discharge hole when a thermal event occurs in a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] FIG. 17 is a drawing for explaining a cover member in a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention, viewed from below.

[0050] FIG. 19 is a schematic perspective view of a vehicle including a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. Prior to this, it should be noted that the terms and words used in this specification and claims should not be construed as limited to their conventional or dictionary meanings. Based on the principle that the inventor can appropriately define the concepts of terms to best explain his or her invention, they should be interpreted in a way that aligns with the technical spirit of the present invention.

[0052] Accordingly, the embodiments described in this specification and the configurations illustrated in the drawings are merely the most preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not represent all of the technical ideas of the present invention. Therefore, it should be understood that there may be various equivalents and modified examples that can replace them at the time of filing this application.

[0053] Furthermore, the present invention includes various embodiments. For each embodiment, redundant descriptions of substantially identical or similar components will be omitted, and the differences will be described.

[0054] Meanwhile, in the present invention, terms indicating directions such as up, down, left, right, front, and back may be used, but it is obvious to those skilled in the art that these terms are only for convenience of explanation and may vary depending on the location of the target object or the location of the observer.

[0055] For example, in an embodiment of the present invention, the X-axis direction shown in the drawing may mean a left-right direction, the Y-axis direction may mean a front-back direction perpendicular to the X-axis direction on a horizontal plane (XY plane), and the Z-axis direction may mean an up-down direction (vertical direction) perpendicular to both the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction.

[0056]

[0057] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention. Furthermore, FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a battery module included in a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention. Furthermore, FIG. 4 is a drawing showing a fire extinguishing material being provided toward a venting device included in a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0058] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 4, a battery pack (1) according to one embodiment of the present invention may include a battery cell (100) and a pack case (200).

[0059] First, referring primarily to FIG. 2, a plurality of battery cells (100) may be included. Although not illustrated in the drawing, the plurality of battery cells (100) may include an electrode assembly, a cell case accommodating the electrode assembly, and electrode leads connected to the electrode assembly and extending outward from the cell case to function as electrode terminals. In this case, the plurality of battery cells (100) may be electrically connected to each other.

[0060] A plurality of battery cells (100) may be stacked in at least one direction. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 2, a plurality of battery cells (100) may be arranged in a vertical direction (Z-axis direction) and in a parallel manner in the front-back direction (X-axis direction).

[0061] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the battery cell (100) may be a pouch-type secondary battery. However, the present invention is not limited by the specific type or shape of the battery cell (100), and various battery cells (100) known at the time of filing of the present invention may be employed to construct the battery pack (1) of the present invention. For example, it goes without saying that a cylindrical or square secondary battery may be employed as the battery cell (100).

[0062] These multiple battery cells (100) can be modularized into one or more battery modules (10). That is, the battery pack (1) according to the present invention includes multiple battery modules (10), and the multiple battery cells (100) included in the battery pack (1) can be divided and included in multiple battery modules (10). At this time, multiple battery cells (100) included in the battery module (10) can be electrically connected to each other.

[0063] Meanwhile, referring to FIG. 3, the battery module (10) included in the battery pack (1) according to the present invention may further include a module case (11). The module case (11) may be configured to have an empty space formed therein and accommodate at least some of a plurality of battery cells (100) in the internal space. In particular, the module case (11) may be configured to accommodate the battery cells (100). That is, the module case (11) groups a plurality of battery cells (100) into a plurality of battery modules (10) and may serve as a boundary that physically limits the internal space of each battery module (10).

[0064] Additionally, although not shown in the drawing, the battery module (10) may include a busbar assembly and / or module terminals electrically connected to a plurality of battery cells (100) housed therein.

[0065] The above battery module (10) may include a venting hole (H). The venting hole (H) may be configured so that gas generated from a battery cell (100) housed inside the module case (11) is discharged to the outside of the module case (11).

[0066] Specifically, the venting hole (H) may be provided in the module case (11) to enable directional venting in a specific direction. For example, as illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 4, the venting hole (H) may be provided in the upper portion of the module case (11). With this embodiment, the venting gas and / or sparks may be induced to be discharged toward the upper portion of the battery module.

[0067] The pack case (200) may be configured to accommodate a plurality of battery cells (100). The pack case (200) may be provided in a box shape including a plurality of frames. The pack case (200) may be made of a material that can ensure mechanical rigidity, such as a metal such as steel or SUS, or a plastic, or may include such a material, in order to safely protect the battery cells (100) accommodated therein.

[0068] The pack case (200) may be provided with a venting device (V) on one side. The venting device (V) may be provided on the side of the pack case (200). The venting device (V) may be configured to discharge gas generated from the battery cell (100) to the outside of the pack case (200). When venting gas is generated inside the pack case (200) and the internal pressure increases, the venting device (V) may be configured to open due to the pressure of the venting gas to discharge the venting gas to the outside of the pack case (200).

[0069] The venting device (V) may be configured to open and close depending on the internal pressure within the pack case (200). The venting device (V) may be configured in the form of a hole. Alternatively, it may be provided with a venting valve or implemented as such a venting valve. A mounting portion (A) may be formed in the pack case (200). The mounting portion (A) may be configured to allow the venting device (V) to be mounted thereon. When the venting device (V) is provided with a venting valve or implemented as such a venting valve, the venting valve may be configured to open and discharge the venting gas to the outside of the pack case (200) when the internal pressure of the pack case (200) increases.

[0070] Meanwhile, the present invention is not limited by the specific type or shape of the venting device (V), and various venting devices (V) known at the time of filing of the present invention may be employed to configure the battery pack (1) of the present invention.

[0071] A plurality of venting devices (V) may be provided. The venting device (V) may be provided on at least one beam among the plurality of beams. The venting device (V) may be formed separately on two or more beams, or two or more may be formed on one beam.

[0072] Meanwhile, the number or location of the venting devices (V) described based on the embodiment of Fig. 2, etc., is merely an example, and can be changed to various other numbers or locations, of course.

[0073] Referring to FIG. 4, the extinguishing member (300) may be configured to provide an extinguishing agent (E). Specifically, the extinguishing member (300) may be configured to provide the extinguishing agent (E) toward the venting device (V). The extinguishing member (300) may be configured to eject the extinguishing agent (E) toward the venting device (V). The extinguishing member (300) may be configured to spray the extinguishing agent (E) toward the venting device (V). Alternatively, the extinguishing agent (E) provided from the extinguishing member (300) may be configured to move toward the venting device (V).

[0074] Meanwhile, a fire extinguishing member (300) may be provided in the pack case (200). The location of this fire extinguishing member (300) will be described later.

[0075] The extinguishing agent (E) may be a gas. For example, the extinguishing agent (E) may include carbon dioxide or carbon dioxide. This carbon dioxide, as an extinguishing agent, can suppress or extinguish flames. Therefore, according to this embodiment of the present invention, when an event such as thermal runaway occurs, the carbon dioxide can actively respond to venting gas or flames.

[0076] According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, the oxygen concentration on the venting device (V) side can be reduced by providing a fire extinguishing member (300) configured to provide a fire extinguishing agent (E) toward the venting device (V). Accordingly, the occurrence of a flame inside or outside the battery pack (1) can be suppressed. Furthermore, even if a flame or fire occurs, the flame or fire can be extinguished by the fire extinguishing agent (E). Accordingly, the safety and reliability of the battery pack (1) can be secured.

[0077] Moreover, the venting gas generated from the battery cell (100) may contain high-temperature particles, such as active material particles or electrolyte particles, in the form of sparks. In particular, sparks or flames with strong linearity may be emitted from the battery cell (100) and move to the venting device (V). At this time, if the sparks or flames are emitted to the outside of the pack case (200) through the venting device (V), there is a risk of fire or explosion.

[0078] However, according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, the fire extinguishing material (E) can be configured to filter out such sparks and / or flames. Sparks or flames, etc., directed toward the venting device (V) can be prevented from being discharged to the outside of the pack case (200) by the fire extinguishing material (E). Accordingly, the generation of flames outside the battery pack (1) can be suppressed.

[0079] In addition, according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, the extinguishing member (300) can lower the temperature of high-temperature venting gas or active material particles by absorbing heat from the venting gas or the like. In addition, the extinguishing member (300) can be configured to lower the temperature on the venting device (V) side during the process of generating the extinguishing material (E). Accordingly, the extinguishing spark directed toward the venting device (V) can be induced to disappear. As a result, sparks emitted to the outside of the pack case (200) can be completely blocked.

[0080]

[0081] The extinguishing member (300) may be configured to absorb heat and change its material properties. For example, the extinguishing member (300) may include or be made of a material that changes its state, such as sublimation, at room temperature or in an environment above a certain temperature, or generates a extinguishing agent (E) through a chemical reaction process. The extinguishing member (300) may be provided as a solid at room temperature and may change into a gas when it absorbs heat and reaches a certain temperature or higher.

[0082] The extinguishing member (300) may be configured to generate carbon dioxide (CO2). The extinguishing member (300) may include a material that generates carbon dioxide under specific conditions. The extinguishing member (300) may include a material that can generate carbon dioxide through a combustion reaction caused by heat or flame, etc. The carbon dioxide generated by the extinguishing member (300) in this way may be provided around the venting device (V).

[0083] Additionally, the extinguishing member (300) may include a material that generates water or water vapor under certain circumstances. Furthermore, the extinguishing member (300) may include a material that generates carbon dioxide and water through a thermal decomposition reaction.

[0084] In this case, water or steam generated by the extinguishing member (300) acts as an extinguishing agent, so that the flame or spark emission suppression effect or the temperature lowering effect of the venting device (V) can be further improved.

[0085] For example, the extinguishing member (300) may include naphthalene. The naphthalene contained in the extinguishing member (300) can produce carbon dioxide and water through a combustion reaction. In particular, if an event such as thermal runaway in the battery module (10) intensifies and a flame or the like is generated and flows into the venting device (V), the flame or the like can cause a combustion reaction in the naphthalene. In this case, the naphthalene can react with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water.

[0086] As another example, the extinguishing agent (300) may include potassium bicarbonate or sodium bicarbonate. Typically, potassium bicarbonate can produce carbon dioxide and water (water vapor) through the following thermal decomposition reaction.

[0087] 2KHCO3 → K2CO3 + H2O + CO2 - Q

[0088] That is, when potassium bicarbonate is included in the digestive member (300), potassium bicarbonate can absorb heat (Q) and produce water vapor (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2) together with K2CO3.

[0089] According to this embodiment of the present invention, sparks or fires can be more quickly and reliably extinguished by carbon dioxide and / or water generated by the fire extinguishing element (300) in the event of thermal runaway. Furthermore, in this case, the temperature of venting gas or high-temperature substances can be lowered by water or the like. Furthermore, water vapor or the like can have the effect of inhibiting the external discharge of fire or particles by impeding the linear movement of fire or particles.

[0090] The extinguishing member (300) may be composed solely of a material such as naphthalene or potassium bicarbonate, or may further include other materials or components together with such materials. For example, the extinguishing member (300) may be composed of compressed naphthalene or potassium bicarbonate powder. Alternatively, the extinguishing member (300) may be composed in a form in which such carbon dioxide and / or water vapor generating materials are supported by a separate support member. For example, the extinguishing member (300) may be composed in a form in which potassium bicarbonate or naphthalene is supported by a mesh-shaped support member made of metal or polymer material.

[0091]

[0092] Below, the location where the digestive member (300) is provided is described in detail.

[0093] FIGS. 5 and 6 are internal perspective views of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention, illustrating an embodiment in which a fire extinguishing material is provided toward the venting device.

[0094] As an embodiment in which the extinguishing agent (E) is provided toward the venting device (V), as in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 5, the extinguishing member (300) may be provided on one side of the pack case (200) in which the venting device (V) is provided. The extinguishing member (300) may be configured to be attached to one side of the pack case (200). Alternatively, the extinguishing member (300) may be applied to one side of the pack case (200).

[0095] In particular, the extinguishing member (300) may be configured to surround the outer periphery of the venting device (V). The extinguishing member (300) may be configured to surround the outer periphery of the mounting portion (A). As illustrated in FIG. 5, the extinguishing member (300) is configured to surround the outer periphery of the venting device (V) in a solid state, and as illustrated in FIG. 6, it may absorb heat and sublimate to generate a gaseous extinguishing substance (E).

[0096] The digestive member (300) may be configured in a plate shape. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 5, the digestive member (300) may be configured in a square plate shape with a hollow portion formed therein.

[0097] According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, the temperature can be lowered by absorbing heat around the venting device (V) during the sublimation process of the extinguishing member (300). As a result, the extinguishment of the spark directed toward the venting device (V) can be induced.

[0098] In addition, according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, since the extinguishing agent (E) can be ejected toward the venting device (V), sparks or flames, etc., directed toward the venting device (V) can be prevented from being emitted to the outside of the pack case (200). Accordingly, the occurrence of flames outside the battery pack (1) can be suppressed.

[0099]

[0100] The extinguishing member (300) may be provided on the inner surface of the pack case (200). Specifically, sparks and / or flames generated from the battery cells (100) may travel to the venting device (V). That is, a venting path through which sparks and / or flames flow may be formed between a plurality of battery cells (100) and the venting device (V). At this time, the extinguishing member (300) may be provided to cross the venting path and configured to suppress the movement of sparks and the like.

[0101] According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, sparks and / or flames emitted from the battery cell (100) are preemptively blocked before reaching the venting device (V), thereby preventing external discharge of sparks and more effectively suppressing flames from occurring outside the pack case (200).

[0102]

[0103] Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional perspective view of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention. For example, Fig. 7 may be a cross-sectional view taken along line I-I' of Fig. 1. In addition, Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention as viewed from above. For example, Fig. 7 may be a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II' of Fig. 1. In addition, Fig. 9 is a drawing for explaining an example in which a fire extinguishing material is provided toward the venting device in a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0104] Meanwhile, referring to FIGS. 2, 7, and 8, the pack case (200) may include a plurality of frames and a plurality of beams. More specifically, the pack case (200) may include a base frame (210) and a plurality of side beams (220).

[0105] The base frame (210) may be configured to accommodate a plurality of battery modules (10). The base frame (210) may form the lower surface of the pack case (200) and may be provided in the shape of a square plate. In addition, the base frame (210) may be provided with a flat upper surface so that the battery modules (10) may be stably accommodated.

[0106] A plurality of side beams (220) may be provided to extend upward from each corner of the base frame (210). The plurality of side beams (220) may be provided to surround a plurality of battery modules (10). More specifically, the plurality of side beams (220) may be provided as a right wall located at the +X direction side end of the base frame (210), a rear wall located at the +Y direction side end, a left wall located at the -X direction side end, and a front wall located at the -Y direction side end, respectively, to form a side surface of the pack case (200).

[0107] Additionally, at least some of these side beams (220) may be equipped with venting devices (V). For example, as in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 8, two venting devices (V) may be equipped on each of the front and rear walls of the side beams (220).

[0108] Meanwhile, the pack case (200) may further include a center beam (230) and a cross beam (240). The center beam (230) and the cross beam (240) may be provided to partition between a plurality of battery modules (10). For example, the center beam (230) may be formed in the form of a partition wall that extends long in the front-back direction, and may be interposed between battery modules (10) that are adjacently arranged in the left-right direction. In addition, the cross beam (240) may be formed in the form of a partition wall that extends long in the left-right direction, and may be interposed between battery modules (10) that are adjacently arranged in the front-back direction. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 8, the plurality of battery modules (10) may be arranged in four rows and two columns by the center beam (230) and the cross beam (240).

[0109] According to this implementation configuration, heat or flame can be prevented from being directly directed between battery modules (10) whose storage spaces are separated by a center beam (230) and a cross beam (240).

[0110] Meanwhile, the pack case (200) may further include a cover frame (250). The cover frame (250) may be configured to cover the upper portions of the plurality of battery modules (10). The cover frame (250) may be provided to form the upper surface of the pack case (200). The cover frame (250) may be coupled to the side beam (220). Alternatively, the cover frame (250) may be provided integrally with the side beam (220).

[0111] Referring to FIGS. 7 and 8, at least some of the plurality of beams of the pack case (200) may have hollow spaces formed therein. For example, a first hollow space (S1) may be formed therein in the center beam (230). In addition, a second hollow space (S2) may be formed in at least some of the plurality of side beams (220). As in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 8, the second hollow space (S2) may be formed in all four walls of the side beam (220). In this case, the first hollow space (S1) and the second hollow space (S2) may be configured to be connected to each other.

[0112] In this case, as another embodiment in which the extinguishing agent (E) is provided toward the venting device (V), as in the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 7 and 8, the extinguishing member (300) may be provided in a hollow formed in at least one of a plurality of beams. For example, the extinguishing member (300) may be provided in at least one of the first hollow (S1) and the second hollow (S2). The extinguishing member (300) may be configured in a long form along the extension direction of the side beam (220) and / or the center beam (230). The extinguishing member (300) may be configured in a plate shape.

[0113] In particular, the extinguishing member (300) may be provided in the first hollow space (S1) inside the center beam (230). According to this embodiment configuration, more heat can be applied to the first hollow space (S1) directly facing the battery cell (100), so that the extinguishing member (300) can absorb the heat and quickly sublimate, thereby generating the extinguishing substance (E).

[0114]

[0115] The extinguishing material (E) generated from the extinguishing member (300) can be configured to move from the hollow space toward the venting device (V).

[0116] For example, when the extinguishing member (300) is provided in the second hollow (S2), the extinguishing material (E) can move directly from the second hollow (S2) to the venting device (V). The venting device (V) can be provided so as to be in communication with the second hollow (S2) formed in the side beam (220). As a result, the extinguishing material (E) in the second hollow (S2) can move through the venting device (V).

[0117] Alternatively, as in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 8, when the extinguishing member (300) is provided in the first hollow (S1) of the center beam (230), the extinguishing material (E) can move from the first hollow (S1) to the second hollow (S2) and then to the venting device (V) provided in the side beam (220) (see the bold arrow in FIG. 9).

[0118] According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, during the sublimation process of the extinguishing member (300) inside the center beam (230), the temperature of the high-temperature venting gas or active material particles can be lowered by absorbing heat of the venting gas inside the pack case (200). As a result, the temperature inside the battery pack (1) is lowered, heat accumulation is prevented, and thermal runaway of the battery pack (1) can be suppressed.

[0119] In addition, according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, the oxygen concentration on the venting device (V) side can be reduced by moving the extinguishing material (E) toward the venting device (V). Accordingly, the occurrence of flames inside or outside the battery pack (1) can be suppressed.

[0120]

[0121] FIG. 10 is a drawing for explaining a discharge hole in a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention. In addition, FIGS. 11 and 12 are drawings for explaining a discharge hole in a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0122] Referring to FIGS. 10 to 12, the process of the extinguishing material (E) generated from the extinguishing member (300) being discharged toward the venting device (V) is described in detail.

[0123] The first hollow (S1) and the second hollow (S2) may be configured to be directly or indirectly connected to the venting device (V). More specifically, the pack case (200) may be provided with a discharge hole (H). The discharge hole (H) may be provided in at least one of a plurality of beams. In particular, the discharge hole (H) may be provided in a beam on which the venting device (V) is provided. For example, the venting device (V) may be provided in a side beam (220), and the discharge hole (H) may be provided in the side beam (220). The discharge hole (H) may be configured to be connected to the first hollow (S1) and the second hollow (S2).

[0124] The discharge hole (H) may be configured to discharge the extinguishing agent (E) generated from the extinguishing member (300). In particular, the discharge hole (H) may be configured to discharge the extinguishing agent (E) toward the venting device (V).

[0125] The discharge hole (H) may be formed in the form of a hole penetrating the pack case (200). Alternatively, the discharge hole (H) may be formed in the form of a nozzle protruding outward from the pack case (200).

[0126] According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, the extinguishing agent (E) is discharged directly toward the venting device (V), thereby reducing the oxygen concentration on the venting device (V) side. Accordingly, flames occurring inside or outside the battery pack (1) can be suppressed. Furthermore, even if a flame or fire occurs, the flame or fire can be extinguished by the extinguishing agent (E). As a result, the safety and reliability of the battery pack (1) can be secured.

[0127] The discharge hole (H) may be configured to discharge the extinguishing medium (E) across the venting device (V). The extinguishing medium (E) discharged from the discharge hole (H) may function as an air curtain. That is, the strong pressure of the extinguishing medium (E) discharged from the discharge hole (H) may block the movement of sparks or flames between the inside and outside of the venting device (V).

[0128] The exhaust hole (H) may be provided on the outer periphery of the venting device (V). The exhaust hole (H) may be provided on the outer side of the mounting portion (A). In addition, the exhaust hole (H) may be provided on the inner surface of the pack case (200). The side beam (220) may be configured in a form in which the inner surface is sunken inward, and in this case, the exhaust hole (H) may be provided in the sunken portion of the side beam (220).

[0129] According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, the spark flow direction can be bent by the strong pressure of the extinguishing agent (E) before being discharged to the venting device (V). In addition, during this process, sparks and the like that were heading toward the venting device (V) together with the venting gas can be suppressed from being discharged externally. Accordingly, the occurrence of flames outside the battery pack (1) can be more effectively suppressed.

[0130] The discharge hole (H) may be configured to discharge the extinguishing agent (E) along the width direction of the venting device (V). The discharge hole (H) may be provided on at least one of the left and right sides of the venting device (V). For example, the discharge holes (H) may be provided on the left and right sides of the venting device (V) and may be arranged at opposite positions. Alternatively, as in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 10, the discharge hole (H) may be provided on the right side of the venting device (V).

[0131] Alternatively, the discharge hole (H) may be configured to discharge the extinguishing agent (E) along the height direction of the venting device (V). The discharge hole (H) may be provided at least in one of the upper and lower portions of the venting device (V). For example, the discharge holes (H) may be provided in the upper and lower portions of the venting device (V) and may be arranged at opposite positions. Alternatively, as in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 11, the discharge hole (H) may be provided in the lower portion of the venting device (V).

[0132] In particular, as in the embodiment illustrated in Fig. 12, the discharge hole (H) may be provided at the upper portion of the venting device (V). Accordingly, the extinguishing agent (E) may be strongly discharged in the direction of gravity to block sparks or the like directed toward the venting device (V) (see dotted arrow in Fig. 12).

[0133] Specifically, venting gas or sparks discharged from the battery cell (100) are at high temperature and may have a strong tendency to flow upward. Therefore, as in the above embodiment, when the discharge hole (H) is provided at the upper portion of the venting device (V), the sparks with strong straight-line propagation are guaranteed to collide with the discharged extinguishing agent (E), thereby more reliably suppressing external discharge of the sparks.

[0134] A plurality of exhaust holes (H) may be provided. The plurality of exhaust holes (H) may be arranged along the width direction of the venting device (V). That is, the plurality of exhaust holes (H) may be arranged along the extension direction of the side beam (220). According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, since the extinguishing agent (E) can cover the entire venting device (V), sparks can be more reliably blocked from heading toward the venting device (V).

[0135]

[0136] FIG. 13 is a drawing for explaining a discharge hole in a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0137] Referring to Fig. 13, the discharge hole (H) may be configured to discharge the extinguishing agent (E) toward the inside of the pack case (200). For example, a nozzle having the discharge hole (H) may be configured to be inclined toward the inside of the pack case (200).

[0138] According to this embodiment of the present invention, when a fire extinguishing agent (E) such as carbon dioxide or water is generated by the fire extinguishing member (300), the fire extinguishing agent (E) can be sprayed toward the inside of the pack case (200), as indicated by the arrow in Fig. 13. That is, the fire extinguishing agent (E) can be directly sprayed in the face of sparks or flames directed toward the venting device (V). Therefore, the fire extinguishing effect of the fire extinguishing agent (E) can be further improved.

[0139] In addition, according to the above-described implementation configuration, the venting gas or the like can be directed toward the venting device (V) through the opposite side where the discharge hole (H) is provided. Accordingly, the venting gas can be smoothly discharged to the outside of the pack case (200) through the venting device (V). Accordingly, since the internal pressure of the pack case (200) is reduced, thermal runaway within the battery pack (1) can be prevented.

[0140]

[0141] FIG. 14 is a drawing for explaining an embodiment in which a fire extinguishing agent is provided toward a venting device in a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention. In addition, FIG. 15 is a drawing for explaining a discharge hole in a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 16 is a drawing for explaining an embodiment in which a fire extinguishing agent is provided from a discharge hole when a thermal event occurs in a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0142] Referring to Fig. 14, a third hollow (S3) may be formed within the cross beam (240). This third hollow (S3) may be configured to be directly connected to the first hollow (S1). Additionally, the third hollow (S3) may be configured to be indirectly connected to the second hollow (S2). In this case, although not shown in the drawing, a fire extinguishing member (300) may also be provided in the third hollow (S3).

[0143] At this time, when the extinguishing member (300) is provided in the first hollow (S1) of the center beam (230), the extinguishing material (E) is generated from the extinguishing member (300) provided in the first hollow (S1) and can move from the first hollow (S1) to the second hollow (S2) and / or the third hollow (S3) (see the bold arrows in FIG. 14).

[0144] Also, referring to FIGS. 15 and 16, the discharge hole (H) may be provided in at least one of the cross beam (240), the center beam (230), and the side beam (220). The discharge hole (H) may be configured to communicate with the first hollow (S1), the second hollow (S2), and the third hollow (S3).

[0145] Accordingly, when a thermal event occurs in a battery module (10), the extinguishing agent (E) can be discharged toward the battery module (10) through a discharge hole (H) provided in at least one of the first hollow (S1), the second hollow (S2), and the third hollow (S3) (see the bold arrow in FIG. 16).

[0146] According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, the extinguishing agent (E) discharged from the discharge holes (H) formed in a plurality of beams surrounding the battery module (10) where a thermal event has occurred is directly sprayed toward the battery module (10), thereby controlling the thermal event of the battery module (10). Accordingly, heat such as venting gas or flame generated in the battery cell (100) is quickly cooled, thereby suppressing thermal runaway of the battery module (10).

[0147]

[0148] FIG. 17 is a drawing for explaining a cover member in a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention viewed from below.

[0149] Meanwhile, referring to FIGS. 17 and 18, a battery pack (1) according to another embodiment of the present invention may further include a cover member (400). The cover member (400) may be configured to cover the discharge hole (H). In addition, the cover member (400) may be configured to open the discharge hole (H) when thermal runaway occurs.

[0150] For example, the cover member (400) may be composed of a phase change material (PCM). A phase change material refers to a material that can store or release a large amount of heat energy (latent heat) without causing a change in temperature during a phase change from solid to liquid, liquid to gas, or vice versa at a specific temperature (phase change temperature).

[0151] The cover member (400) can absorb heat from the battery cell (100) by utilizing an endothermic reaction. For example, the cover member (400) may be a material that is provided in a solid state and is configured to change into a liquid or gaseous state when heat is transferred from the battery cell (100).

[0152] According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, in normal times, the cover member (400) blocks the discharge hole (H), thereby preventing venting gas and the like from flowing into the second hollow (S2) of the side beam (220) through the discharge hole (H). In addition, when a thermal event of the battery pack (1) occurs, the cover member (400) opens the discharge hole (H), thereby allowing the extinguishing agent (E) to be discharged through the discharge hole (H). Thus, according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, sparks directed toward the venting device (V) can be blocked, and the oxygen concentration around the venting device (V) can be reduced, thereby suppressing the occurrence of flames or fire.

[0153]

[0154] FIG. 19 is a schematic perspective view of a vehicle including a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0155] Referring to FIG. 19, a vehicle (3) according to one embodiment of the present invention may include one or more battery packs (1) according to one embodiment of the present invention. The vehicle (3) according to the present invention may be, for example, an electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, or a plug-in hybrid vehicle. The vehicle (3) may include a four-wheel vehicle and a two-wheel vehicle. The vehicle (3) may operate by receiving power from a battery pack (1) according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0156]

[0157] Although the present invention has been described above with reference to limited embodiments and drawings, the present invention is not limited thereto, and it is obvious that various modifications and variations are possible within the scope of the technical idea of ​​the present invention and the equivalent scope of the claims to be described below by a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains.

Claims

1. Multiple battery cells; A pack case configured to accommodate the plurality of battery cells and having a venting device provided on one side thereof to discharge venting gas generated from the battery cells to the outside; and A battery pack characterized in that it includes a fire extinguishing member provided in the pack case and configured to provide a fire extinguishing material toward the venting device.

2. In paragraph 1, A battery pack characterized in that the above-mentioned digestive member is configured to absorb heat and change the material properties.

3. In paragraph 1, A battery pack characterized in that the above digestive member is configured to surround the outer periphery of the venting device.

4. In paragraph 1, A battery pack characterized in that the above digestive member is provided on the inner side of the pack case.

5. In paragraph 1, The above pack case has a plurality of beams having a hollow space formed therein, A battery pack characterized in that the above digestive member is provided in a hollow space formed in at least one of the plurality of beams.

6. In paragraph 5, A battery pack characterized in that the extinguishing material generated from the extinguishing member is configured to move from the hollow portion toward the venting device.

7. In paragraph 5, The above pack case is A battery pack characterized in that it is provided with a discharge hole that is configured to communicate with the hollow body and discharge the extinguishing material generated from the extinguishing member.

8. In paragraph 7, A battery pack characterized in that the discharge hole is provided in at least one of the plurality of beams.

9. In paragraph 7, A battery pack characterized in that the above discharge hole is provided in a beam in which the venting device is provided.

10. In paragraph 8, A battery pack characterized in that the discharge hole is configured to discharge the extinguishing material across the venting device.

11. In paragraph 8, A battery pack characterized in that the discharge hole is configured to discharge the extinguishing material along the height direction of the venting device.

12. In paragraph 10, A battery pack characterized in that the above discharge holes are arranged in a plurality along the width direction of the venting device.

13. In paragraph 7, A battery pack characterized in that it further includes a cover member that covers the discharge hole and is configured to open the discharge hole by melting by heat.

14. A vehicle comprising a battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

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