Control method and system for liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage apparatus, device, and medium

Abstract

A control method and system for a liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage apparatus, a device, and a medium. The method comprises: acquiring real-time power data of a power grid, and calculating a first power regulation demand amount of the power grid; determining a power output instruction of a liquid hydrogen energy storage unit on the basis of the first power regulation demand amount; on the basis of the first power regulation demand amount and the power output instruction, determining a second power regulation demand amount of the power grid, and inputting the second power regulation demand amount into a constructed superconducting magnetic energy storage unit state prediction model to obtain a predicted temperature value of a superconducting magnetic energy storage unit after response; and on the basis of the predicted temperature value, analyzing an operation state of the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage apparatus, and on the basis of the analysis result, controlling the operation of the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage apparatus. Thus, the overall safety and stability of the apparatus are improved, the service life is prolonged, the maximum capacity of energy storage resources can be released, and power imbalance of the power grid is mitigated to the greatest extent.

Description

Control method, system, device and medium of liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of energy storage control, and particularly relates to a control method, system, device and medium of a liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the intensification of climate warming and global fossil energy shortage crisis, low-carbon energy transformation and electric energy replacement technology means have emerged one after another, and the electric power industry is promoting the construction of a new power system to promote clean and low-carbon, flexible and abundant energy development. However, this also poses a huge challenge to the safe and stable operation of the power grid.

[0003] Energy storage technology has become one of the key technologies to solve the challenges of the power system. On the one hand, energy storage technology can smooth the grid-connected fluctuations of renewable energy and reduce power imbalance caused by renewable energy fluctuations, thereby improving the access capacity of renewable energy. On the other hand, energy storage technology can deal with power low-frequency oscillation problems in the power system, and by regulating the power imbalance of the oscillation source, it can achieve active stabilization of the power system and provide a more effective stability control mode for the power system.

[0004] According to the current technical development status and the characteristics of different energy storage forms, energy storage technology mainly includes power-type energy storage technology and energy-type energy storage technology. Power-type energy storage technology mainly includes superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES), supercapacitors and flywheel energy storage, etc., which has short-time large power charging and discharging capacity and is used to improve power supply quality and provide short-time power support. However, these technologies have the disadvantages of high cost, small capacity and difficulty in scale utilization. Energy-type energy storage technology includes compressed air energy storage and hydrogen energy storage, which has the advantages of large capacity, peak shaving, standby power and energy optimization management, but has the problem of slow response speed.

[0005] In order to overcome the limitations of single energy storage technology, composite energy storage technology emerges as the times require, wherein, the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage technology (LIQHYSMES) is a representative of composite energy storage technology. Liquid hydrogen storage has extremely high energy density, which is 845 times that of gaseous hydrogen at normal temperature and pressure, and 6 times that of compressed hydrogen (150-200 bar). The liquid hydrogen energy storage system can make up for the insufficient capacity of the superconducting magnetic energy storage, and the rapid response capability of the superconducting magnetic energy storage makes up for the slow response speed of the liquid hydrogen energy storage system. This technology fully integrates the characteristics of the superconducting magnetic energy storage and the liquid hydrogen energy storage. However, the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage technology is still in the stage of theoretical research, and there are the following technical problems to be solved in actual application: 1. Low safety of device operation. Due to the large number of components and complex structure, it involves materials, machinery and electricity, etc. Among them, the superconducting coil will bring not small alternating current loss and eddy current loss in the process of energy storage frequent charging and discharging, which leads to the temperature rise of the superconducting coil. The superconducting performance is significantly affected by the operating temperature, and the superconducting operation risk is easily caused, which further affects the safe operation of the whole energy storage device. 2. Poor device operation stability. The liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device involves the cooperation between different energy storage devices and the frequent conversion between different energy forms. In the actual application scene of suppressing power imbalance of power grid, in order to fully exert the performance of the device, the superconducting magnetic device is used to suppress high-frequency power fluctuation, and its rapid response characteristics are fully exerted. When there is a long-term power shortage in the power grid, the liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen tank is vaporized to supply hydrogen fuel cells for power generation, so as to exert its large-capacity support characteristics. However, in the complex actual application scene of power grid fluctuation, the power type and energy type energy storage units lack unified operation control strategy, and the units of the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device are difficult to continuously and stably operate.

[0006] Therefore, how to solve the low safety of the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device and the poor stability of the device in actual application has become a technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. SUMMARY

[0007] The application provides a liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device control method, system, equipment and medium, which solves the technical problems of low safety of the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device and poor stability of the device in actual application, and realizes the effect of safe and reliable operation of the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device.

[0008] In a first aspect, the application provides a control method for a liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device, wherein the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device at least includes a liquid hydrogen energy storage unit and a superconducting magnetic energy storage unit, and the method comprises:

[0009] calculating a first power regulation demand of the power grid according to the real-time power data of the power grid obtained in real time;

[0010] determining a power output instruction of the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit based on the first power regulation demand, the power output instruction being designed to eliminate an average value of power fluctuation of the power grid in a first specific time period;

[0011] determining a second power regulation demand of the power grid based on the first power regulation demand and the power output instruction, the second power regulation demand reflecting a power regulation demand of the power grid remaining after considering the output of the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit;

[0012] inputting the second power regulation demand into a pre-constructed state prediction model of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit to obtain a temperature prediction value of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit after response;

[0013] analyzing an operating state of the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device based on the temperature prediction value, and controlling the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device based on an analysis result.

[0014] Preferably, the analyzing an operating state of the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device based on the temperature prediction value, and controlling the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device based on an analysis result comprises:

[0015] if the temperature prediction value is greater than or equal to a pre-set critical temperature value, starting a first protection action; the first protection action is: iteratively updating the power output instruction of the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit and the temperature prediction value until the temperature prediction value is less than the critical temperature value;

[0016] if the temperature prediction value is less than a pre-set critical temperature value, taking the second power regulation demand as the power output instruction of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit;

[0017] if the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit has a quenching risk in a second specific time period, starting a second protection action; the second protection action is: iteratively updating the second power regulation demand and the temperature prediction value until the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit does not have the quenching risk in the second specific time period.

[0018] Preferably, the method further comprises:

[0019] if the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit does not have the quenching risk in the second specific time period, determining whether the power regulation demand of the power grid is completed, if not, starting a third protection action; the third protection action is: iteratively updating the power output instruction of the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit and the temperature prediction value until the power regulation demand of the power grid is completed.

[0020] Preferably, the second power regulation requirement amount is input into a pre-constructed superconducting magnetic energy storage unit state prediction model to obtain a temperature prediction value of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit after response.

[0021] Obtain operating data of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit under different operating conditions, wherein the operating data includes initial current, initial temperature, average charge and discharge power, discharge time, and maximum temperature in a response process.

[0022] Construct a superconducting magnetic energy storage unit state prediction model, and train the model by taking the initial current, the initial temperature, the average charge and discharge power, and the discharge time as inputs and the maximum temperature in the response process as an output to obtain a trained superconducting magnetic energy storage unit state prediction model.

[0023] Input the second power regulation requirement amount into the trained superconducting magnetic energy storage unit state prediction model to obtain a temperature prediction value of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit after response.

[0024] Preferably, the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit state prediction model is constructed based on a random forest algorithm.

[0025] Preferably, the method for obtaining the first specific time period and the second specific time period comprises:

[0026] Construct a simulation model of the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device, set different combination modes of the first specific time period and the second specific time period, and control the simulation model using the control method to obtain the number of output state changes of the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit and the number of quenching operation risks of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit under different combination modes.

[0027] Set a first threshold corresponding to the number of output state changes and a second threshold corresponding to the number of quenching operation risks, and calculate the sum of the number of output state changes and the number of quenching operation risks under the premise that the number of output state changes is less than the first threshold and the number of quenching operation risks is less than the second threshold to obtain the combination mode corresponding to the minimum sum, so as to obtain the values of the first specific time period and the second specific time period.

[0028] The first specific time period and the second specific time period are both 2 minutes.

[0029] Preferably, the time scale of the real-time power regulation requirement of the power grid is seconds.

[0030] In a second aspect, the application further provides a control system of a liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device, the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device comprising at least a liquid hydrogen energy storage unit and a superconducting magnetic energy storage unit, and the control system comprising: a first power regulation demand calculation unit, a power output instruction calculation unit, a second power regulation demand calculation unit, a temperature value prediction unit, and a coordinated control unit.

[0031] The first power regulation demand calculation unit is configured to calculate a first power regulation demand of a power grid according to real-time power grid data obtained in real time.

[0032] The power output instruction calculation unit is configured to determine a power output instruction of the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit based on the first power regulation demand, the power output instruction being designed to eliminate the average value of power grid power fluctuations in a first specific time period.

[0033] The second power regulation demand calculation unit is configured to determine a second power regulation demand of the power grid according to the first power regulation demand and the power output instruction, the second power regulation demand reflecting the power regulation demand of the power grid remaining after considering the output of the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit.

[0034] The temperature value prediction unit is configured to input the second power regulation demand into a pre-constructed superconducting magnetic energy storage unit state prediction model to obtain a temperature prediction value of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit after response.

[0035] The coordinated control unit is configured to analyze the operating state of the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device based on the temperature prediction value, and control the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device to act based on the analysis result.

[0036] In a third aspect, the application further provides a computer device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a transceiver connected through a bus, the memory is configured to store a set of computer program instructions and data, and transmit the stored data to the processor, the processor executes the program instructions stored in the memory to execute the method described above.

[0037] In a fourth aspect, the application further provides a computer readable storage medium, the computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, when the computer program is executed, the method described above is implemented.

[0038] The application provides a control method, system, device, and medium of a liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device, and the beneficial effects of the application embodiment compared with the prior art are at least one of the following:

[0039] (1) The device has good safety performance. The state prediction model of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit is constructed through an artificial intelligence algorithm to predict the temperature rise state of the superconducting coil of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit, so as to avoid the risk of quenching operation of the device during operation and greatly improve the overall safety performance of the device.

[0040] (2) The unbalanced power suppression capability is strong. The real-time unbalanced power demand of the power grid is obtained, and the power output instruction control of the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit and the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit is performed under the cooperation of the state prediction model of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit, so as to fully exert the capacity support of the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit and the rapid response characteristics of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit, release the maximum energy storage resource space, and suppress the unbalanced power of the power grid to the maximum extent.

[0041] (3) The device has strong operation stability and improves the service life of the device. Through real-time state prediction of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit, the risk of quenching operation due to high temperature rise of the superconducting coil can be avoided, and the expensive superconducting coil can be protected from damage. The frequent start-stop and output change of the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit, as well as the frequent switching of the working state of the liquid hydrogen vaporization and liquefaction, fuel cell and electrolytic cell, can be avoided, so as to ensure the stability of the device operation and prolong the service life of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0042] Fig. 1 is a control method step schematic diagram of a liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device provided by one preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of an existing liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device provided by one preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Fig. 3 is a control method flow chart of a liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device provided by one preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Fig. 4 is a selection method schematic diagram of a first specific time period and a second specific time period provided by one preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Fig. 5 is a method step schematic diagram for predicting the response temperature prediction value of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit provided by one preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Fig. 6 is a comparison diagram of test results of two trained superconducting magnetic energy storage unit state prediction models provided by one preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Fig. 7 is a method step schematic diagram for controlling the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device based on the predicted temperature provided by one preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Fig. 8 is an unbalanced power curve when simulating distributed new energy power generation grid connection provided by one preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Figure 9 is a graph showing the actual power response of a superconducting magnetic energy storage unit and a liquid hydrogen energy storage unit according to a preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a control system for a liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device according to a preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a computer device according to a preferred embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, of which the embodiments are given by way of illustration only, and thus are not to be construed as limiting the present application, and the drawings are provided for purposes of explanation and illustration and are not provided as limitations of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts are within the scope of the present application. In the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are used only for the purpose of description, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying that the indicated technical features are limited in number. Thus, the features limited by "first", "second", "third", etc. can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise specified.

[0054] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connecting" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, can be fixed connection, can also be detachable connection, or integrally connected; can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the communication inside two elements. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right", "up", "down" and similar expressions used herein are only for the purpose of illustration, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus are not to be construed as limiting the present application. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art on a case-by-case basis.

[0055] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in the present application have the same meaning as understood by those skilled in the art of the present technology. The terms used in the specification of the present application are only for the purpose of describing the specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present application. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art on a case-by-case basis.

[0056] Referring to FIG. 1, in an embodiment of the present application, a control method of a liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device is provided, wherein the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device at least includes a liquid hydrogen energy storage unit and a superconducting magnetic energy storage unit, and the method includes:

[0057] S1, calculating a first power regulation demand of a power grid according to real-time power data of the power grid.

[0058] S2, determining a power output instruction of the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit based on the first power regulation demand, wherein the power output instruction is designed to eliminate the average value of power fluctuation of the power grid in a first specific time period.

[0059] S3, determining a second power regulation demand of the power grid according to the first power regulation demand and the power output instruction, wherein the second power regulation demand reflects the power regulation demand of the power grid after considering the output of the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit.

[0060] S4, inputting the second power regulation demand into a pre-constructed state prediction model of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit to obtain a temperature prediction value of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit after response.

[0061] S5, analyzing the operating state of the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device based on the temperature prediction value, and controlling the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device to act based on the analysis result.

[0062] The existing liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device uses liquid hydrogen not only as a large-capacity energy storage medium, but also as a cooling medium for superconducting coils. Therefore, the two energy storage parts are physically integrated and packaged into one, and the refrigeration cost is greatly reduced by sharing the refrigeration equipment, thereby overcoming the problem of high cost of conventional large-capacity superconducting magnetic devices, and forming a large-capacity liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device with low price. As shown in FIG. 2, the structure of an existing liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device is shown. The device mainly includes an electrochemical conversion unit, a power conversion and control unit, and an energy storage unit. The energy storage unit includes a liquid hydrogen energy storage unit and a superconducting magnetic (SMES) energy storage unit, both of which use low-temperature equipment. The superconducting coil uses high-temperature superconductor magnesium diboride MgB2 with a critical temperature close to 40K, and uses immersion cooling method.

[0063] Liquid hydrogen has very high energy storage density, but hydrogen gas needs vacuum insulation container and refrigeration equipment to maintain low temperature when stored in liquid state. Superconducting coil can keep superconducting properties below critical temperature, also needs refrigeration equipment to maintain low temperature. The device uses liquid hydrogen as the cooling medium of superconducting coil, saves the cooling medium cost of superconducting coil, and the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit and superconducting magnetic energy storage unit share the refrigeration equipment, which can reduce the initial investment cost of refrigeration equipment. Since the discharge of liquid hydrogen energy storage unit relies on gas turbine, fuel cell and cogeneration power plant, etc., the energy cascade utilization can be realized. In addition, the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device adopts modular design, which is easy to expand and realize module sharing. It does not produce greenhouse gases in operation and can realize zero emission of pollution. There is no special requirement for the geographical environment of the installation location, and the device is compact in size and flexible in installation location. Therefore, the control method disclosed in the application is mainly aimed at the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device disclosed in Figure 2, and is also suitable for other liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage devices with the same working principle. Figure 2 only gives the optimal application object of the control method of the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device of the application, but does not limit the application object of the technical solution of the application.

[0064] In the preferred embodiment of the application, as shown in Figure 3, real-time power data of the power grid is obtained to reflect the real-time power fluctuation of the power grid, and the real-time power regulation demand of the power grid is calculated as the first power regulation demand of the power grid. The real-time power regulation demand of the power grid is a time scale of seconds, which realizes the second power demand response.

[0065] After obtaining the first power regulation demand, the power output instruction of the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit is determined, and the power output instruction is designed to eliminate the average value of the power grid power fluctuation in the first specific time period. The specific calculation method of the power output instruction of the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit is: calculating the first power regulation demand P t The average value P avg of the first specific time period is calculated. avg The average value P HS is taken as the power output instruction of the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit, that is, P avgIn the preferred embodiment of the present application, the first specific time period and the second specific time period are both 2 min, and the first specific time and the second specific time period need to consider the stability of the operating state of the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit and the safety of the operating state of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit, that is, to meet the requirements that the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit cannot frequently change the output state, and the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit cannot frequently appear the risk of quenching operation. For the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit, the greater the first specific time period and the second specific time period, the smoother the output of the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit, and the lower the loss. For the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit, the smaller the first specific time period and the second specific time period, the lower the risk of quenching operation, and the less frequent the protection action is started. Therefore, the selection of the first specific time period and the second specific time period is obtained by simulation experiment, as shown in FIG. 4, including the following steps:

[0066] S01, a simulation model of the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device is constructed, different combination modes of the first specific time period and the second specific time period are set, and the control method is used to control the simulation model to obtain the number of output state changes of the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit and the number of quenching operation risks of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit corresponding to different combination modes.

[0067] S02, a first threshold corresponding to the number of output state changes and a second threshold corresponding to the number of quenching operation risks are set, and the sum of the number of output state changes and the number of quenching operation risks is calculated under the premise that the number of output state changes is less than the first threshold and the number of quenching operation risks is less than the second threshold, to obtain the combination mode corresponding to the minimum sum, so as to obtain the values of the first specific time period and the second specific time period.

[0068] In the preferred embodiment of the present application, the selection of the first specific time period and the second specific time period needs to fully consider the operating state of the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit and the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit, that is, to meet the requirements that the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit cannot frequently change the output state, and the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit cannot frequently appear the risk of quenching operation, so as to guarantee the safety and stability of the operation of the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device.

[0069] Further, the power output instruction P SMES of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit is calculated t , which is the difference between the first power regulation demand P HS and the power output instruction P SMES of the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit, that is, P t = P HSdefined as the second power regulation demand quantity. The second power regulation demand quantity reflects the power regulation demand remaining after the power grid considers the output of the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit. In the preferred embodiment of the present application, to ensure that the temperature of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit after response is within a safe range, a superconducting magnetic energy storage unit state prediction model is constructed, and the second power regulation demand quantity is input into the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit state prediction model to predict the temperature prediction value of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit after response, as shown in FIG. 5, including the following steps:

[0070] S201, obtaining operating data of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit under different operating conditions, the operating data including: initial current, initial temperature, average charge and discharge power, discharge time, and maximum temperature in the response process.

[0071] S202, constructing a superconducting magnetic energy storage unit state prediction model, and inputting the initial current, the initial temperature, the average charge and discharge power, and the discharge time as inputs of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit state prediction model, and inputting the maximum temperature in the response process as an output of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit state prediction model for training, to obtain the trained superconducting magnetic energy storage unit state prediction model.

[0072] S203, inputting the second power regulation demand quantity into the trained superconducting magnetic energy storage unit state prediction model to obtain the temperature prediction value of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit after response.

[0073] The liquid hydrogen energy storage unit has a relatively slow response speed, is generally safe, and its risks mainly come from the flammable characteristics of hydrogen and the hydrogen embrittlement phenomenon, so strict requirements are needed for storage and transportation operations, and the size of the response power generally does not affect the safe operation of the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit. The superconducting magnetic energy storage unit is responsible for responding to high-frequency power fluctuations and needs to quickly and frequently change the operating state. In addition, maintaining superconducting characteristics itself also requires extremely strict temperature and operating condition requirements, so the temperature of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit after response is predicted in the present application.

[0074] The construction of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit state prediction model cannot be separated from the operating data of the superconducting magnet under different operating conditions. In the preferred embodiment of the present application, the Comsol software is used to realize electromagnetic-thermal coupling analysis of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit magnet, a 3MJ / 2MW superconducting magnetic energy storage unit simulation model using YBCO tape is built, the temperature rise of the superconducting magnet is obtained by changing different operating conditions, and a temperature rise simulation database of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit is established. By changing different initial currents I0, initial temperatures T0, average charge and discharge powers P mAnd the discharge time t, the simulation analog obtains the highest temperature T1 of the superconducting magnet response process of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit. Only at the temperature peak, the superconducting magnet of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit faces the risk of losing superconducting operation, so the temperature peak of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit should be kept within the safety range.

[0075] Based on the simulation experiment, 1440 groups of simulation data are obtained, 1340 groups of data are randomly selected to construct a training set, and the remaining 100 groups of data are used as a test set. Random forest algorithm and neural network are selected to construct the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit state prediction model, and the specific parameter settings of the random forest algorithm are shown in Table 1.

[0076] Table 1

[0077] The initial current, initial temperature, average charge and discharge power and discharge time are used as the input of the two superconducting magnetic energy storage unit state prediction models, and the highest temperature of the response process is used as the output of the two superconducting magnetic energy storage unit state prediction models. Two trained superconducting magnetic energy storage unit state prediction models are obtained. The test set is used to compare the prediction results of the two trained superconducting magnetic energy storage unit state prediction models, and the test results of the two trained superconducting magnetic energy storage unit state prediction models are shown in Figure 6.

[0078] The mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and R-Squared index are selected to evaluate the performance of the two trained superconducting magnetic energy storage unit state prediction models. R-Squared represents the fitting degree between the prediction model and the actual value, and MAPE is a commonly used performance index to measure the accuracy of the prediction problem. Its advantage is that it can intuitively reflect the relative size of the prediction error. The evaluation index calculation results of the two trained superconducting magnetic energy storage unit state prediction models are shown in Table 2.

[0079] Table 2

[0080] In summary, the random forest algorithm has a very obvious improvement in the temperature prediction of the superconducting magnet of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit compared with the neural network. At the same time, the training time of the random forest algorithm is 0.4778s, and the training time of the neural network is 0.9572s. The complexity of the random forest algorithm is obviously lower. Therefore, the random forest algorithm with higher accuracy, faster training speed and simpler model structure is selected to construct the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit state prediction model.

[0081] In the preferred embodiment of the present application, the second power regulation demand is input into the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit state prediction model to obtain the temperature prediction value T of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit after response. After obtaining the temperature prediction value, as shown in FIG. 3, it is necessary to analyze the operating state of the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device according to the temperature prediction value, and based on the analysis result, control the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device to act, as shown in FIG. 7, including the following steps:

[0082] S301, if the temperature prediction value is greater than or equal to the pre-set critical temperature value, start the first protection action; the first protection action is: iteratively updating the power output instruction of the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit and the temperature prediction value until the temperature prediction value is less than the critical temperature value.

[0083] S302, if the temperature prediction value is less than the pre-set critical temperature value, the second power regulation demand is taken as the power output instruction of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit.

[0084] S303, if the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit has the risk of losing superconducting operation in the second specific time period, start the second protection action, which is: iteratively updating the power output instruction of the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit and the temperature prediction value until the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit does not have the risk of losing superconducting operation in the second specific time period.

[0085] As shown in FIG. 3, in the preferred embodiment of the present application, the temperature prediction value T is compared with the critical temperature value T c If T≥T c , the magnet of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit has the risk of losing superconducting operation, and the first protection action needs to be started. In the preferred embodiment of the present application, the first protection action is: iteratively updating the power output instruction of the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit and the temperature prediction value until the temperature prediction value is less than the critical temperature value. That is, return to the calculation of the first power regulation demand, update the power output instruction of the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit and the temperature prediction value until the temperature prediction value is less than the critical temperature value, so as to reduce the power output of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit.

[0086] When T1<T c , it indicates that the magnet temperature of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit predicted by the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit state prediction model is within the safe range, and the second power regulation demand is taken as the power output instruction of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit.

[0087] Further, the determination of whether the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit has a quenching operation risk in the second specific time period is performed by comparing the actual temperature value after the response of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit with the critical temperature value, so as to determine whether the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit has a quenching operation risk. If the actual temperature value is greater than or equal to the critical temperature value, the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit has a quenching operation risk; if the actual temperature value is less than the critical temperature value, the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit does not have a quenching operation risk. In the preferred embodiment of the present application, the second specific time is also 2 min. If the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit has a quenching operation risk in 2 min, the second starting protection action is performed. The second protection action is to iteratively update the second power regulation demand and the temperature prediction value until the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit does not have a quenching operation risk in the second specific time period. That is, the calculation of the second power regulation demand is returned, the temperature prediction value and the power output instruction of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit are updated, and the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device does not have a quenching operation risk in 2 min.

[0088] In the preferred embodiment of the present application, the method further comprises:

[0089] S6, if the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit does not have a quenching operation risk in the second specific time period, it is determined whether the power grid power regulation demand is completed. If not, a third protection action is started. The third protection action is to iteratively update the power output instruction of the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit and the temperature prediction value until the power grid power regulation demand is completed.

[0090] In the control of the processing of the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device, the requirement that the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit does not have a quenching operation risk in the second specific time period is met, and further, it is determined whether the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device completes the power grid power regulation demand. In the preferred embodiment of the present application, if the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device does not complete the power grid power regulation demand, a third protection action is started. The third protection action is to iteratively update the power output instruction of the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit and the temperature prediction value until the power grid power regulation demand is completed. That is, the calculation of the first power regulation demand is returned, the power output instruction and the temperature prediction value of the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit are updated, and the power grid power regulation demand is completed.

[0091] In the preferred embodiment of the present application, real-time power grid data is obtained, the first power regulation demand of the power grid is calculated, the power output instruction of the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit is determined based on the first power regulation demand, the second power regulation demand of the power grid is determined according to the first power regulation demand and the power output instruction, and the second power regulation demand is input into the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit state prediction model trained to obtain the temperature prediction value of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit after response. Based on the temperature prediction value, the operating state of the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device is analyzed, and based on the analysis result, the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device is controlled to act. The control method of the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device of the present application predicts the temperature rise state of the superconducting coil of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit through the constructed superconducting magnetic energy storage unit state prediction model, so that the temperature of the superconducting coil after response does not exceed the critical temperature value, avoiding the risk of quenching operation of the device during operation, and greatly improving the safety performance of the device as a whole. The capacity support of the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit and the rapid response characteristics of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit are fully utilized to release the maximum energy storage resource space, to maximumly suppress the unbalanced power of the power grid, and to improve the service life of the device.

[0092] The control method of the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device of the present application is simulated and verified on the Matlab / Simulink platform. FIG. 8 is an unbalanced power curve when simulating distributed new energy power generation grid connection. The time scale of power fluctuation is 1s, and 150s of data are selected for simulation verification, and the power fluctuation range is between-5 and 5MW.

[0093] The control method of the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device of the present application is executed, and the actual power response value curve of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit and the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit is shown in FIG. 9, wherein, P HS (MW) is the actual power response value curve of the liquid hydrogen energy storage system, P SMES (MW) is the actual power response value curve of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit. The average value of the first power regulation demand of the power grid in the first 2min is calculated as the power output instruction of the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit, and the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit maintains constant power output within 2min. The deviation value between the first power regulation demand and the power output of the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit is regulated by the output of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit. At the 89th second, it is predicted by the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit state prediction model that the magnet temperature after response of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit will exceed the set critical temperature value, and the superconducting magnet exists the risk of quenching operation. At this time, the first protection action is started, the average value of the first power regulation demand in the next 2min is recalculated, the output power instruction of the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit is updated, and the deviation value between the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit and the first power regulation demand of the power grid is greatly reduced, so as to reduce the output power of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit.

[0094] Correspondingly, based on the control method of the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device, the embodiment of the present application also provides a control system of a liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device, as shown in Figure 10, the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device at least comprises a liquid hydrogen energy storage unit and a superconducting magnetic energy storage unit, and the control system comprises: a first power regulation demand quantity calculation unit 1, a power output instruction calculation unit 2, a second power regulation demand quantity calculation unit 3, a temperature value prediction unit 4 and a coordinated control unit 5.

[0095] The first power regulation demand quantity calculation unit 1 is used for calculating the power grid first power regulation demand quantity according to the real-time power grid real-time power data obtained in real time.

[0096] The power output instruction calculation unit 2 is used for determining the power output instruction of the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit based on the first power regulation demand quantity, and the power output instruction is designed to eliminate the average value of the power grid power fluctuation in a first specific time period.

[0097] The second power regulation demand quantity calculation unit 3 is used for determining the power grid second power regulation demand quantity according to the first power regulation demand quantity and the power output instruction, and the second power regulation demand quantity reflects the power regulation demand remaining in the power grid after considering the output of the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit.

[0098] The temperature value prediction unit 4 is used for inputting the second power regulation demand quantity into a pre-constructed superconducting magnetic energy storage unit state prediction model to obtain the temperature prediction value of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit after response.

[0099] The coordinated control unit 5 is used for analyzing the running state of the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device based on the temperature prediction value, and controlling the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device to act based on the analysis result.

[0100] The specific limitation of the control system of the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device can be referred to the above limitation of the control method of the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device, which will not be repeated here. Those skilled in the art can realize that the various modules and steps described in combination with the embodiments disclosed by the present application can be realized by hardware, software or combination of both. Whether the functions are realized by hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. The skilled person can use different methods to realize the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered as beyond the scope of the present application.

[0101] As shown in FIG. 11, a computer device provided by an embodiment of the present application includes a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, and the processor implements the steps in the above-mentioned embodiment of the method for generating entity digital certificate based on blockchain, for example, steps S1-S5 shown in FIG. 1.

[0102] Those skilled in the art can understand that the schematic diagram 11 is only an example of the computer device, and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device, which can include more or fewer components than the diagram, or combine certain components, or different components, for example, the computer device can also include an input / output device, a network access device, a bus, etc.

[0103] The processor can be a central processing unit (CPU), and can also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or the processor can also be any conventional processor and the like, which is the control center of the computer device, and connects all parts of the computer device through various interfaces and lines.

[0104] The memory can be used to store the computer program and / or modules, and the processor realizes various functions of the computer device by running or executing the computer program and / or modules stored in the memory, and calling data stored in the memory. The memory can mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area can store an operating system, at least one application required by a function (such as a sound playing function, an image playing function, etc.), etc.; and the data storage area can store data created according to the use of the mobile phone (such as audio data, a phone book, etc.), etc. In addition, the memory can include a high-speed random access memory, and can also include a non-volatile memory, for example, a hard disk, a memory, a plug-in hard disk, a smart media card (SMC), a secure digital (SD) card, a flash card, at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other volatile solid-state memory devices.

[0105] If the modules integrated in the computer device are implemented in the form of software function units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment methods can also be completed by a computer program instructing related hardware, and the computer program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the above-mentioned various method embodiments can be implemented. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable files or some intermediate forms, etc. The computer readable medium can include any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording medium, U disk, mobile hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrical carrier signal, telecommunication signal and software distribution medium, etc.

[0106] Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be completed by a computer program instructing related hardware, and the program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it can include the processes of the above-mentioned various method embodiments. The storage medium can be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (ROM) or a random access memory (RAM), etc.

[0107] Correspondingly, the embodiment of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium, which includes a stored computer program. When the computer program runs, it controls the device where the computer readable storage medium is located to perform the steps in the entity digital certificate generation method based on the blockchain in the above-mentioned embodiment, such as the steps S1-S5 in FIG. 1.

[0108] The embodiment provides a control method and system of a liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device, computer equipment and a storage medium, aiming at the technical problems of low device safety and poor device operation stability of the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device in actual application. The application obtains real-time power data of a power grid, calculates real-time power regulation and control requirements of the power grid, and an average value of the real-time power regulation and control requirements within 2 minutes, and takes the average value as a power output instruction of a hydrogen energy storage unit; the difference between the real-time power regulation and control requirements of the power grid and the power output instruction is calculated, and the difference is input into a superconducting magnetic energy storage unit state prediction model to obtain a response temperature prediction value of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit; whether the response temperature prediction value and the operation state of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit meet the pre-set requirements and whether the real-time power regulation and control requirements of the power grid are completed are judged in sequence, if not, the power output instruction and the response temperature prediction value are iteratively updated until the real-time power regulation and control requirements of the power grid are completed. The control method of the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device of the application predicts the temperature rise state of the superconducting coil of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit through the constructed superconducting magnetic energy storage unit state prediction model, so that the temperature of the superconducting coil after response does not exceed the critical temperature value, avoiding the risk of losing superconducting operation of the device in the running process, greatly improving the safety performance of the whole device. The capacity support of the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit and the rapid response characteristics of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit are fully utilized, the maximum energy storage resource space is released, the unbalanced power of the power grid is suppressed to the maximum extent, the device operation stability is strong, and the service life of the device is improved.

[0109] The above-described embodiments only express several preferred embodiments of the present application, and the description is more specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as limiting the scope of the patent. It should be noted that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the technical principles of the present application, several improvements and replacements can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application patent should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A control method of a liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device including at least a liquid hydrogen energy storage unit and a superconducting magnetic energy storage unit, characterized by, The method comprises: calculating a first power regulation demand of the power grid according to real-time power data of the power grid acquired in real time; determining a power output instruction of the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit based on the first power regulation demand, the power output instruction being designed to eliminate an average value of power fluctuation of the power grid in a first specific time period; determining a second power regulation demand of the power grid according to the first power regulation demand and the power output instruction, the second power regulation demand reflecting a power regulation demand remaining in the power grid after considering the output of the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit; inputting the second power regulation demand into a pre-constructed state prediction model of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit to obtain a temperature prediction value after response of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit; analyzing an operating state of the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device based on the temperature prediction value, and controlling the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device based on an analysis result.

2. The control method of the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein The analysis of the operating state of the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device based on the temperature prediction value and the control of the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device based on the analysis result comprise: if the temperature prediction value is greater than or equal to a pre-set critical temperature value, starting a first protection action, the first protection action being iterative updating of the power output instruction of the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit and the temperature prediction value until the temperature prediction value is less than the critical temperature value; if the temperature prediction value is less than the pre-set critical temperature value, taking the second power regulation demand as the power output instruction of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit; if there is a quenching risk of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit in a second specific time period, starting a second protection action, the second protection action being iterative updating of the second power regulation demand and the temperature prediction value until there is no quenching risk of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit in the second specific time period.

3. The control method of the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device according to claim 2, wherein The method further comprises: if there is no quenching risk of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit in the second specific time period, judging whether the power regulation demand of the power grid is completed, and if not, starting a third protection action, the third protection action being iterative updating of the power output instruction of the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit and the temperature prediction value until the power regulation demand of the power grid is completed.

4. The control method of the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein The inputting of the second power regulation demand into the pre-constructed state prediction model of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit to obtain the temperature prediction value after response of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit comprises: acquiring operating data of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit under different operating conditions, the operating data comprising an initial current, an initial temperature, an average charging and discharging power, a discharging time and a maximum temperature in a response process; constructing a state prediction model of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit, and training the state prediction model of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit by taking the initial current, the initial temperature, the average charging and discharging power and the discharging time as inputs and taking the maximum temperature in the response process as an output to obtain the trained state prediction model of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit; The second power regulation demand quantity is input into the trained superconducting magnetic energy storage unit state prediction model to obtain a temperature prediction value of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit after response.

5. The control method of the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device according to claim 4, wherein The superconducting magnetic energy storage unit state prediction model is constructed based on a random forest algorithm.

6. The control method of the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device according to claim 2, wherein The first specific time period and the second specific time period are obtained by: A simulation model of the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device is constructed, different combination modes of the first specific time period and the second specific time period are set, and the control method is used to control the simulation model to obtain the output state change frequency of the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit and the quench operation risk frequency of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit under different combination modes; The first threshold value corresponding to the output state change frequency and the second threshold value corresponding to the quench operation risk frequency are set, and the sum of the output state change frequency and the quench operation risk frequency is calculated under the premise that the output state change frequency is less than the first threshold value and the quench operation risk frequency is less than the second threshold value, to obtain the combination mode corresponding to the minimum sum, so as to obtain the values of the first specific time period and the second specific time period. The first specific time period and the second specific time period are both 2 min.

7. The control method of the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein The time scale of the real-time power regulation demand of the power grid is seconds.

8. A control system of a liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device, the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device comprising at least a liquid hydrogen energy storage unit and a superconducting magnetic energy storage unit, characterized in that, The control system comprises a first power regulation demand quantity calculation unit, a power output instruction calculation unit, a second power regulation demand quantity calculation unit, a temperature value prediction unit, and a coordination control unit. The first power regulation demand quantity calculation unit is configured to calculate the first power regulation demand quantity of the power grid according to the real-time power data of the power grid. The power output instruction calculation unit is configured to determine the power output instruction of the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit based on the first power regulation demand quantity, and the power output instruction is designed to eliminate the average value of the power grid power fluctuation in the first specific time period. The second power regulation demand quantity calculation unit is configured to determine the second power regulation demand quantity of the power grid according to the first power regulation demand quantity and the power output instruction, and the second power regulation demand quantity reflects the remaining power regulation demand of the power grid after considering the output of the liquid hydrogen energy storage unit. The temperature value prediction unit is configured to input the second power regulation demand quantity into a pre-constructed superconducting magnetic energy storage unit state prediction model to obtain a temperature prediction value of the superconducting magnetic energy storage unit after response. The coordination control unit is configured to analyze the operating state of the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device based on the temperature prediction value, and control the liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage device based on the analysis result.

9. A computer device, comprising: The computer device comprises a memory, a processor, and a transceiver connected through a bus; the memory is used to store a set of computer program instructions and data, and transmit the stored data to the processor; the processor executes the program instructions stored in the memory to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed, the method in any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

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