Immunogenic composition against avian influenza viruses h7 subtype and h5 subtype
A combined immunogenic composition of H7 and H5 HA proteins from avian influenza viruses, produced via a baculovirus system, addresses the inadequacies of existing vaccines by offering comprehensive protection against avian influenza, including prevention of virus shedding.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2025/105515
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2024-07-01
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-08
AI Technical Summary
Existing vaccines for avian influenza viruses H7 and H5 subtypes do not provide effective protection against infections, as evidenced by inadequate prevention of virus shedding and individual administration of H7 and H5 proteins does not achieve comprehensive immunity.
A combination immunogenic composition comprising hemagglutinin proteins of avian influenza viruses H7 and H5 subtypes, produced using a baculovirus system, is prepared by infecting insect cells with recombinant baculoviruses encoding the respective HA proteins, sonicating and centrifuging cell culture supernatants, and mixing them with an optional adjuvant to enhance immune response.
The composition provides full protection against mortality, morbidity, and virus shedding from both H7 and H5 infections, demonstrating superior immunity in vaccinated chickens.
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Abstract
Description
IMMUNOGENIC COMPOSITION AGAINST AVIAN INFLUENZA VIRUSES H7 SUBTYPE AND H5 SUBTYPECROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
[0001] This application claims the priority of PCT / CN2024 / 102894 filed on July 01, 2024 entitled by “Immunogenic Composition Against Avian Influenza Viruses H7 Subtype and H5 Subtype” , the entirety of which is incorporated by reference herein.FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The invention relates to the field of veterinary medicine, in particular to an immunogenic composition against avian influenza virus H7 subtype and avian influenza virus H5 subtype.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0003] Avian influenza virus (AIV) infection has long been a serious epidemic disease throughout the world, and it threats the health of birds including domestic poultry. AIV H7 subtype (AIV H7) and AIV H5 subtype (AIV H5) belong to a highly pathogenic avian influenza virus, so effective vaccines for preventing both AIV H7 and AIV H5 are urgently needed.
[0004] There are various forms of AIV vaccines including inactivated / killed vaccines, live vectored vaccines, subunit vaccines, polypeptide vaccines, DNA vaccines, etc. For example, Wenming Jiang, et al, 2020 discloses a vectored vaccine rFQ2 against AIV H7 which comprises a reverse genetic recombinant backbone carrying two different AIV H7 antigenic genes (HA and NA genes) with internal gene segments of PR8 (Emerging Infectious Diseases, Vol. 26, No. 2, 2020) . CN109731100A discloses a process of preparing an H5N1 HA protein and an H7N9 HA protein via baculovirus system, respectively. CN109731100A does not disclose the combination of the two proteins, and each of the two proteins was administrated to chickens individually. Also, the H7H9 HA protein-containing vaccine did not show an effective prevention of virus shedding in vaccinated chickens. US20080226676A1 discloses a vaccine comprising a mixture of an inactivated AIV H5 strain and an inactivated AIV H7 strain. CN113827715A discloses a vaccine comprising a specific AIV H7 virus-like particle and a specific AIV H5 virus-like particle. Only antibody titers of the last two vaccines are tested in the examples of the two applications.
[0005] There is still a need in the art to develop a vaccine which can provide a superior protection on AIV H7 and AIV H5 infections.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0006] In one aspect, the present invention provides an immunogenic composition comprising a hemagglutinin protein of avian influenza virus H7 subtype (AIV H7 HA protein) and a hemagglutinin protein of avian influenza virus H5 subtype (AIV H5 HA protein) .
[0007] In one aspect, the present invention provides an immunogenic composition comprising a mixture of a cell culture supernatant containing a hemagglutinin protein of avian influenza virus H7 subtype (AIV H7 HA protein) and a cell culture supernatant containing a hemagglutinin protein of avian influenza virus H5 subtype (AIV H5 HA protein) , wherein the mixture of the cell culture supernatants are obtainable or obtained by a method comprising the following steps: (i) infecting insect cells with a recombinant baculovirus comprising a nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H7 HA protein; (ii) infecting insect cells with a recombinant baculovirus comprising a nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H5 HA protein; (iii) culturing the insect cells (i) and (ii) in culture media, and harvesting whole cell culture suspensions of the infected cells (i) and (ii) , respectively; (iv) sonicating the whole cell culture suspensions of the infected cells (i) and (ii) , and centrifuging the sonicated whole cell culture suspensions of infected cells (ii) and (ii) to obtain the cell culture supernatants, respectively; (v) treating the cell culture supernatants of the infected cells (i) and (ii) with an inactivating agent to inactivate the baculoviruses, respectively; and (vi) mixing the centrifuged, sonicated and inactivated cell culture supernatants of the infected cells (i) and (ii) to obtain a mixture of the cell culture supernatants.
[0008] In one aspect, the present invention provides a method of preparing an immunogenic composition, comprising the following steps: (i) infecting insect cells with a recombinant baculovirus comprising a nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H7 HA protein; (ii) infecting insect cells with a recombinant baculovirus comprising a nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H5 HA protein; (iii) culturing the insect cells (i) and (ii) in culture media, and harvesting whole cell culture suspensions of the infected cells (i) and (ii) , respectively; (iv) sonicating the whole cell culture suspensions of the infected cells (i) and (ii) , and centrifuging the sonicated whole cell culture suspensions of infected cells (ii) and (ii) to obtain the cell culture supernatants, respectively; (v) treating the cell culture supernatants of the infected cells (i) and (ii) with an inactivating agent to inactivate the baculoviruses, respectively; (vi) mixing the centrifugated, sonicated and inactivated cell culture supernatants of the infected cells (i) and (ii) to obtain a mixture of the cell culture supernatants, and (vii) optionally, adding an adjuvant into the mixture of the cell culture supernatants.
[0009] In some embodiments, the avian influenza virus H7 subtype is the avian influenza virus H7N9, and / or the avian influenza virus H5 subtype is the avian influenza virus H5N1.
[0010] In some embodiments, the AIV H7 HA protein and the AIV H5 HA protein are the only two avian influenza antigen components contained in the immunogenic composition of the invention. In some embodiments, the immunogenic composition of the invention does not comprise other AIV H7 proteins and AIV H5 proteins than the AIV H7 HA protein and the AIV H5 HA protein.
[0011] In some embodiments, the AIV H7 HA protein comprises or consists of an amino acid sequence which is selected from the group consisting of: i) an amino acid sequence having at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%or 100%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, and ii) an amino acid sequence having at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%or 100%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2. In some embodiments, the AIV H5 HA protein comprises or consists of an amino acid sequence having at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%or 100%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3.
[0012] In one aspect, the present invention provides a method for prevention and / or treatment of infections in an animal caused by an avian influenza virus H7 subtype and an avian influenza virus H5 subtype, or for reducing clinical signs in an animal caused by infections of an avian influenza virus H7 subtype and an avian influenza virus H5 subtype, or for reducing mortality, morbidity and / or virus shedding in an animal caused by infections of an avian influenza virus H7 subtype and an avian influenza virus H5 subtype, comprising administering the immunogenic composition of the invention, or the immunogenic composition prepared by the method of the invention to the animal.
[0013] In one aspect, the present invention provides an immunogenic composition comprising a hemagglutinin protein of avian influenza virus H7 subtype of the invention and an immunogenic composition comprising a hemagglutinin protein of avian influenza virus H5 subtype of the invention for use in a method for the prevention and / or treatment of infections in an animal caused by an avian influenza virus H7 subtype and / or an avian influenza virus H5 subtype, or for use in a methods of reducing clinical signs in an animal caused by infections of an avian influenza virus H7 subtype and / or an avian influenza virus H5 subtype, or use in a method for reducing mortality, morbidity and / or virus shedding in an animal caused by infections of an avian influenza virus H7 subtype and / or an avian influenza virus H5 subtype, comprising administering the immunogenic composition comprising the AIV H7 HA protein of the invention and the immunogenic composition comprising the AIV H5 HA protein of the invention to the animal.
[0014] The immunogenic composition of the invention provides a full protection on chickens in terms of mortality, morbidity and virus shedding caused by both AIV H7 and H5 infections.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0015] Before the aspects of the present invention are described, it must be noted that as used herein and in the appended claims, the singular forms "a" , "an" , and "the" include plural reference unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Thus, for example, reference to the "virus" is a reference to one or more viruses and equivalents thereof known to those skilled in the art, and so forth. The term “and / or” is intended to encompass any combinations of the items connected by this term, equivalent to listing all the combinations individually. For example, “A, B and / or C” encompasses “A” , “B” , “C” , “A and B” , “A and C” , “B and C” , and “A and B and C” . Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention, the preferred methods, devices, and materials are now described. All publications mentioned herein are incorporated herein by reference for the purpose of describing and disclosing the virus strains, the cell lines, vectors, and methodologies as reported in the publications which might be used in connection with the invention. Nothing herein is to be construed as an admission that the invention is not entitled to antedate such disclosure by virtue of prior invention.
[0016] Immunogenic composition of the invention
[0017] In one aspect, the invention provides an immunogenic composition comprising a hemagglutinin protein of avian influenza virus H7 subtype (AIV H7 HA protein) and a hemagglutinin protein of avian influenza virus H5 subtype (AIV H5 HA protein) .
[0018] As used herein, the term “immunogenic composition” , also called as “vaccine” , refers to a composition that comprises one or more antigens which elicit an immune response in a host. The host will display therapeutic and / or protective immune response such that resistance to new infections will be enhanced and / or the severity of clinical signs is reduced.
[0019] Avian influenza virus (AIV) belongs to the type of influenza A virus, and is classified into subtypes on the basis of two proteins on the surface of the virus: hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) . There are 18 known HA subtypes and 11 known NA subtypes. Many different combinations of HA and NA proteins are possible. As used herein, the term “H7N9 virus” means that the AIV has a subtype 7 HA and a subtype 9 NA. The term “H5N1 virus” means that the AIV has a subtype 5 HA and a subtype 1 NA. In some embodiments, the AIV is AIV H7 subtype, preferably AIV H7N9. In some embodiments, the AIV is AIV H5 subtype, preferably AIV H5N1.
[0020] HA protein is the receptor-binding and membrane fusion glycoprotein of influenza A virus. As used herein, the terms “hemagglutinin protein of avian influenza virus H7 subtype” , “AIV H7 HA protein” and “H7 HA protein” are interchangeable. Similarly, the terms “hemagglutinin protein of avian influenza virus H5 subtype” , “AIV H5 HA protein” and “H5 HA protein” are interchangeable. The immunogenic composition of the invention does not use other AIV proteins than the AIV HA protein to exert an immune protection on AIV infections. In some embodiments, the AIV H7 HA protein and the AIV H5 HA protein are the only two avian influenza antigen components contained in the immunogenic composition of the invention. In some embodiments, the immunogenic composition of the invention does not comprise other AIV H7 proteins and AIV H5 proteins than the AIV H7 HA protein and the AIV H5 HA protein.
[0021] As used herein, the term “protein” is intended to cover naturally occurring proteins, as well as those which are recombinantly or synthetically produced. Thus, the AIV H7 HA protein and the AIV H5 HA protein of the invention can be recombinantly or synthetically produced proteins or naturally occurring proteins. The amino acid sequence of the AIV H7 or H5 HA protein can be designed through a series of H7 or H5 HA amino acid sequence alignments, followed by generation of consensus amino acid sequences and analysis of the most common residue at each position. “H7Con3” and “H5Con5Mut” are exemplary AIV H7 HA protein and AIV H5 HA protein respectively prepared in the examples. In some embodiments, the AIV H7 HA protein is a recombinant hemagglutinin protein, which for example can be produced by a baculovirus-based system. In some embodiments, the AIV H5 HA protein is a recombinant hemagglutinin protein, which for example can be produced by a baculovirus-based system.
[0022] In some embodiments, the AIV H7 HA protein comprises or consists of an amino acid sequence which is selected from the group consisting of: i) an amino acid sequence having at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%or 100%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, and ii) an amino acid sequence having at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%or 100%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2. In some embodiments, the AIV H7 HA protein comprises or consists the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1 or SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0023] In some embodiments, the AIV H5 HA protein comprises or consists of an amino acid sequence having at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%or 100%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3. In some embodiments, the AIV H5 HA protein comprises or consists the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3.
[0024] In some embodiments, the immunogenic composition of the invention comprises an AIV H7 HA protein and an AIV H5 HA protein, wherein the AIV H7 HA protein comprises or consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, and the AIV H5 HA protein comprises or consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3; or wherein the AIV H7 HA protein comprises or consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, and the AIV H5 HA protein comprises or consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3.
[0025] As used herein, “sequence identity” between two polypeptide sequences indicates the percentage of amino acids that are identical between the sequences. Methods for evaluating the level of sequence identity between amino acid or nucleotide sequences are known in the art. For example, sequence analysis softwares are often used to determine the identity of amino acid sequences. For example, sequence identity can be determined by using the BLAST program at NCBI database.
[0026] The AIV H7 HA protein and the AIV H5 HA protein of the invention can be in a form of non-purified protein. The term “non-purified H7 HA protein” and the term “non-purified H5 HA protein” refer to such a protein that has not been substantially separated or purified away from other components of a culturing system containing cell culture medium, cultured cells, cell debris, etc. In some embodiments, the immunogenic composition of the invention comprises a non-purified H7 HA protein and a non-purified H5 HA protein which are contained in a mixture of cell culture supernatants prepared from each culturing system e.g., a baculovirus-insect cell system. As used herein, the term “cell culture supernatant” means the one obtained from a whole cell culture suspension of a culturing system such as a baculovirus-based system. The term “whole cell culture suspension” means that the cell culture suspension comprises all components contained in a culturing system, including such as cultured cells and a culture medium. That is, it is the whole cell culture suspension of a baculovirus-based system that is harvested for further preparing the cell culture supernatant of the invention, instead of isolating and harvesting only cultured cells containing an H7 HA protein or an H5 HA protein for preparing a cell culture supernatant. Thus, in some embodiments, the whole cell culture suspension is directly harvested from a cell culturing process, including the whole components contained in the culturing system such as cultured cells and a culture medium. In some embodiments, the whole cell culture suspension is used for preparing a cell culture supernatant by for example a sonication process and then a centrifugation process, and the obtained cell culture supernatant is further treated with an inactivation agent to inactivate the baculovirus.
[0027] The AIV H7 HA protein and the AIV H5 HA protein of the invention can also be in a form of purified protein. In some embodiments, the immunogenic composition of the invention comprises a purified AIV H7 HA protein and a purified AIV H5 HA protein. As used herein, the term “purified H7 HA protein” and the term “purified H5 HA protein” refer to such a protein that has been substantially separated or purified away from other components of a culturing system containing cell culture medium, cultured cells, cell debris, etc. Methods of purifying a protein are well known in the art.
[0028] The AIV H7 HA protein and the AIV H5 HA protein of the invention can be prepared by expressing a nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H7 HA protein and a nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H5 HA protein respectively in a suitable expression system such as a baculovirus-insect cell system. In some embodiments, the nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H7 HA protein of the invention and the nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H5 HA protein of the invention are codon-optimized for expression in insect cells. Codon optimization does not alter the amino acid sequence of the coded protein. SEQ ID NO: 4 shows a nucleotide sequence encoding the AIV H7 HA protein of the invention as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, and SEQ ID NO: 5 further comprises 54 nucleotides encoding a signal peptide on the basis of SEQ ID NO: 4. SEQ ID NO: 6 shows another nucleotide sequence encoding the AIV H7 HA protein of the invention as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, and SEQ ID NO: 7 further comprises 54 nucleotides encoding a signal peptide on the basis of SEQ ID NO: 6. SEQ ID NO: 8 shows a nucleotide sequence encoding the AIV H5 HA protein of the invention as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, and SEQ ID NO: 9 further comprises 48 nucleotides encoding a signal peptide on the basis of SEQ ID NO: 8. Thus, in some embodiments, the nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H7 HA protein comprises or consists of the nucleotide sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 6 or SEQ ID NO: 7. In some embodiments, the nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H5 HA protein comprises or consists of the nucleotide sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8 or SEQ ID NO: 9. The signal peptides of the H7 HA protein and the H5 HA protein of the invention will be cleaved after expression.
[0029] The expressions of a nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H7 HA protein and a nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H5 HA protein can be driven by using a promoter known in the art, e.g. Sel promoter (Martinez-Solis et al. (2016) , A novel baculovirus-derived promoter with high activity in the baculovirus expression system. PeerJ 4: e2183; DOI 10.7717 / peerj. 2183) , or a self-owned promoter already contained in an expression vector. SEQ ID NO: 10 shows the nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H7 HA protein of the invention which is linked with the Sel promoter.
[0030] The expression of a nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H7 HA protein or a nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H5 HA protein can be achieved by using an expression vector known in the art, such as a virus, plasmid, cosmid and phage. In some embodiments, the expression vector of the invention is a virus, preferably a baculovirus, such as a commercial baculovirus sold under BaculoGold (BD Biosciences Pharmingen, San Diego, Calif. ) or SapphireTM Baculovirus (Allele Biotechnology) . In some embodiments, the expression vector is a recombinant baculovirus, which comprises the nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H7 HA protein of the invention, for example, any one of SEQ ID NOs: 4 to 7 and 10. In some embodiments, the expression vector is a recombinant baculovirus, which comprises the nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H5 HA protein of the invention, for example, any one of SEQ ID NOs: 8 to 9. In some embodiments, the recombinant baculovirus comprises the nucleic acid molecule as set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 4 to 10.
[0031] The expression vector of the invention can be transformed into a host cell known in the art. In some embodiments, the host cell is an insect cell, such as a SF+ cell, e.g. a commercial product sold by Protein Sciences Corporation (Meriden, CT) or sold by Invitrogen.
[0032] For expressions of the AIV H7 HA protein and the AIV H5 HA protein of the invention, the cells can be cultured under the conditions suitable for the expressions of the AIV H7 HA protein and the AIV H5 HA protein, respectively. In some embodiments, the insect cells are cultured under the condition suitable for the expressions of the AIV H7 HA protein and the AIV H5 HA protein, respectively. The culturing conditions for the expressions of the AIV H7 HA protein and the AIV H5 HA protein can be the same. In some embodiments, the insect cells are incubated over a period of up to ten days, preferably from about two days to about ten days, more preferably from about four days to about nine days, and even more preferably from about five days to about eight days. In some embodiments, the condition suitable for culturing the insect cell comprises a temperature between about 22-32℃, preferably from about 24-30℃, more preferably from about 25-29℃, even more preferably from about 26-28℃, and most preferably about 27℃.
[0033] In some embodiments, the culture medium for culturing the cells of the invention will be determined by those of skill in the art. In some embodiments, the culture medium is a serum-free insect cell medium, such as a commercial culture medium sold under Ex-CELL 420 ( 420 serum-free medium for insect cells, Sigma-Aldrich, Cat. 14420C) .
[0034] In another aspect, the present invention provides an immunogenic composition comprising a mixture of a cell culture supernatant containing a hemagglutinin protein of avian influenza virus H7 subtype (AIV H7 HA protein) and a cell culture supernatant containing a hemagglutinin protein of avian influenza virus H5 subtype (AIV H5 HA protein) , wherein the mixture of the cell culture supernatants is obtainable or obtained by a method comprising the following steps: (i) infecting insect cells with a recombinant baculovirus comprising a nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H7 HA protein; (ii) infecting insect cells with a recombinant baculovirus comprising a nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H5 HA protein; (iii) culturing the insect cells (i) and (ii) in culture media, and harvesting whole cell culture suspensions of the infected cells (i) and (ii) , respectively; (iv) sonicating the whole cell culture suspensions of the infected cells (i) and (ii) , and centrifuging the sonicated whole cell culture suspensions of infected cells (ii) and (ii) to obtain the cell culture supernatants, respectively; (v) treating the cell culture supernatants of the infected cells (i) and (ii) with an inactivating agent to inactivate the baculoviruses, respectively; and (vi) mixing the centrifugated, sonicated and inactivated cell culture supernatants of the infected cells (i) and (ii) to obtain a mixture of the cell culture supernatants.
[0035] In the above steps (i) and (ii) , the recombinant baculovirus comprising a nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H7 HA protein and the recombinant baculovirus comprising a nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H5 HA protein infect respective insect cells separately. The above steps (i) and (ii) can be performed in any order. For example, the steps (i) and (ii) can be performed at the same time or sequentially, or the step (ii) can be performed prior to the step (i) . The above steps (i) and (ii) can also be performed in different time periods and / or in different places.
[0036] In some embodiments, prior to the step (i) , the method further comprises a step of preparing a recombinant baculovirus comprising a nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H7 HA protein, and a step of preparing a recombinant baculovirus comprising a nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H5 HA protein. Similarly, the step of preparing the AIV H7 HA-based recombinant baculovirus and the step of preparing the AIV H5 HA-based recombinant baculovirus can also be performed in any order, such as performed at the same time, sequentially or reversely.
[0037] In some embodiments, the AIV H7 subtype is the AIV H7N9. In some embodiments, the AIV H5 subtype is the AIV H5N1.
[0038] In some embodiments, the AIV H7 HA protein comprises or consists of an amino acid sequence which is selected from the group consisting of: i) an amino acid sequence having at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%or 100%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, and ii) an amino acid sequence having at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%or 100%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2. In some embodiments, the AIV H7 HA protein comprises or consists the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1 or SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0039] In some embodiments, the AIV H5 HA protein comprises or consists of an amino acid sequence having at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%or 100%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3. In some embodiments, the AIV H5 HA protein comprises or consists the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3.
[0040] In some embodiments, the immunogenic composition of the invention comprises an AIV H7 HA protein and an AIV H5 HA protein, wherein the AIV H7 HA protein comprises or consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, and the AIV H5 HA protein comprises or consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3; or wherein the AIV H7 HA protein comprises or consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, and the AIV H5 HA protein comprises or consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3.
[0041] In some embodiments, the recombinant baculovirus comprises the nucleic acid molecule as set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 4 to 10.
[0042] In some embodiments, the baculovirus is a commercial baculovirus sold under BaculoGold (BD Biosciences Pharmingen, San Diego, Calif. ) or SapphireTM Baculovirus (Allele Biotechnology) . In some embodiments, the inset cell is SF+ cell, such as a commercial SF+ cell product sold by Protein Sciences Corporation (Meriden, CT) or sold by Invitrogen. In some embodiments, the culture medium is a serum-free insect cell medium, such as Ex-CELL 420 ( 420 serum-free medium for insect cells, Sigma-Aldrich, Cat. 14420C) .
[0043] In some embodiments, the sonication is performed for 5 to 30 min, 10 to 25 min, 10 to 20 min or 10 to 15 min. In some embodiments, the sonication is performed for 10 to 15 min. In some embodiments, the sonication is performed for 15 min.
[0044] In some embodiments, the centrifugation is performed at 1000 to 10000 g, 1000 to 9000 g, 1000 to 8000 g, 1000 to 7000 g, 1000 to 6000 g, 1000 to 5000 g, 1000 to 4000 g, 1000 to 3000 g, 2000 to 10000 g, 2000 to 9000 g, 2000 to 8000 g, 2000 to 7000 g, 2000 to 6000 g, 2000 to 5000 g, 2000 to 4000 g or 2000 to 3000 g for 5 to 20 min, 5 to 15 min or 10 to 15 min. In some embodiments, the centrifugation is performed at 2000 to 4000 g for 10 to 15 min. In some embodiments, the centrifugation is performed at 3000 g for 15 min.
[0045] In some embodiments, the sonication is performed for 10 to 15 min, and the centrifugation is performed at 2000 to 4000 g for 10 to 15 min. In some embodiments, the sonication is performed for 15 min, and the centrifugation is performed at 3000 g for 15 min.
[0046] Any conventional inactivation method can be used for purposes of the invention, including but not limited to chemical and / or physical treatments. In some embodiments, the inactivation step comprises the addition of cyclized binary ethylenimine (BEI) , preferably in a concentration of about 1 to about 20 mM, preferably of about 2 to about 10 mM, more preferably of about 5 mM or 10 mM. In some embodiments, the inactivation step comprises the addition of a solution of 2-bromoethyleneamine hydrobromide which will be cyclized to form BEI in NaOH. In some embodiments, the inactivation step comprises the addition of formaldehyde, preferably in a concentration of about 0.15%to about 0.3%, preferably of about 0.15%to 0.2%. In some embodiments, the inactivation step is performed between 20 to 37℃, preferably between 25 to 30℃, more preferably between 25 to 27℃. In some embodiments, the inactivation step is performed with pH range 6.5 to 7.4, preferably between 6.8 to 7.2, more preferably between 6.9 to 7.1. In some embodiments, the inactivation step is performed for 24 to 72 h, preferably for 30 to 72 h, more preferably 48 to 72 h. In general, the inactivation step is performed until no replication of the viral vector is detectable.
[0047] A step of a neutralization step can be introduced after the inactivation step. In some embodiments, a step of a neutralization step is introduced after the inactivation step. The neutralization step comprises adding of an equivalent amount of an agent that neutralizes the inactivation agent within the solution. In some embodiments, when the inactivation agent is BEI, an equivalent amount of sodium thiosulfate will be added. In some embodiments, when the inactivation agent is formaldehyde, an equivalent amount of sodium thiosulfate will be added. For example, in the event BEI is added to a final concentration of 5mM, a 1.0M sodium thiosulfate solution is added to give a final minimum concentration of 5 mM to neutralize any residual BEI. In the event formaldehyde is added to a final concentration of 5 mM, a 1.0 M sodium thiosulfate solution is added to give a final minimum concentration of 5 mM to neutralize any residual formaldehyde.
[0048] In some embodiments, the neutralization agent is added after the inactivation step is completed, which means that no replication of the viral vector replication can be detected. In some embodiments, the neutralization agent is added after the inactivation step is performed for 24 h, 30 h, 48 h or 72 h.
[0049] The immunogenic composition of the invention may further comprise an adjuvant. Thus, in some embodiments, the immunogenic composition of the invention comprises an adjuvant. “Adjuvant” as used herein, can include aluminum hydroxide and aluminum phosphate, saponins e.g., Quil A, QS-21 (Cambridge Biotech Inc., Cambridge MA) , GPI-0100 (Galenica Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Birmingham, AL) , water-in-oil-in-water emulsion, oil-in-water emulsion, water-in-oil emulsion, e.g., MONTANIDETM ISA 71R VG (Manufactured by Seppic Inc) . The emulsion can be based in particular on light liquid paraffin oil (European Pharmacopea type) ; isoprenoid oil such as squalane or squalene; oil resulting from the oligomerization of alkenes, in particular of isobutene or decene; esters of acids or of alcohols containing a linear alkyl group, more particularly plant oils, ethyl oleate, propylene glycol di- (caprylate / caprate) , glyceryl tri- (caprylate / caprate) or propylene glycol dioleate; esters of branched fatty acids or alcohols, in particular isostearic acid esters. The oil is used in combination with emulsifiers to form the emulsion. The emulsifiers are preferably nonionic surfactants, in particular esters of sorbitan, of mannide (e.g., anhydromannitol oleate) , of glycol, of polyglycerol, of propylene glycol and of oleic, isostearic, ricinoleic or hydroxystearic acid, which are optionally ethoxylated, and polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene copolymer blocks, in particular the Pluronic products, especially L121. See Hunter et al., The Theory and Practical Application of Adjuvants (Ed. Stewart-Tull, D.E.S. ) , JohnWiley and Sons, NY, pp51-94 (1995) and Todd et al., Vaccine 15: 564-570 (1997) .
[0050] The inactivated supernatant of the invention is used as the active antigenic ingredient for the emulsification procedure with adjuvants. In some embodiments, the immunogenic composition of the invention is formulated into a water-in-oil emulsion, an oil-in-water emulsion, or a water-in-oil-in-water emulsion, preferably a water-in-oil emulsion, with a suitable adjuvant. The adjuvant can comprise oils and surfactants. In some embodiments, the adjuvant is MONTANIDETM ISA 71R VG (Manufactured by Seppic Inc) . The amount of the adjuvant to be added can be determined by using any conventional methods known in the art or by referring to the related instruction manual, for example by referring the manual of MONTANIDETM ISA 71R VG.
[0051] Each of the amounts of the AIV H7 HA protein and the AIV H5 HA protein contained in the immunogenic composition of the invention can be quantitated by using any conventional methods known in the art, for example the Haemagglutination Assay (see OIE Terrestrial Manual 2015, Chapter 2.3.1 &2.3.2, Avian Influenza (infection with avian influenza viruses) ) . For example, the amount of the H7 HA protein contained in the immunogenic composition of the invention is determined by haemagglutination test with chicken red blood cells, and the amount of the H7 HA protein can be expressed as hemagglutinin assay unit (HAU) .
[0052] The term “HAU” refers to a unit of the activity for agglutinating red blood cells (RBC) , and 1 HAU of hemagglutinin protein refers to the minimum unit that causes agglutination when the hemagglutinin is mixed with RBC. HAU can be assessed by a haemagglutination titer assay. In the assay, a sample containing a hemagglutinin protein is subjected to a two-fold serial dilution in a 96-well plate, and RBC solution is added to the wells. The value of HAU is the greatest dilution fold of the sample resulting in complete agglutination of the RBC. For example, if the greatest dilution fold of a 25μl sample is 256, the amount of the hemagglutinin protein contained in the sample is 256 HAU per 25μl.
[0053] To elicit an effective immune response, the immunogenic composition of the invention may comprise at least 32 HAU per dose of the H7 HA protein of the invention and at least 32 HAU per dose of the H5 HA protein of the invention. The skilled person in the art can determine the upper limit of each of the amounts of the H7 HA protein and the H5 HA protein just by routine testing. In general, the upper limit used by a skilled person will be about 1024 HAU per dose, but could also be higher. In some embodiments, the immunogenic composition of the invention comprises at least 32 to 1024 HAU, at least 64 to 1024 HAU, at least 128 to 1024 HAU, or at least 256 to 1024 HAU per dose of the H7 HA protein of the invention, and at least 32 to 1024 HAU, at least 64 to 1024 HAU, at least 128 to 1024 HAU, or at least 256 to 1024 HAU per dose of the H5 HA protein of the invention. In some embodiments, the immunogenic composition of the invention comprises about 32 HAU, 64 HAU, 128 HAU, 256 HAU, 512 HAU, or 1024 HAU per dose of the H7 HA protein of the invention, and about 32 HAU, 64 HAU, 128 HAU, 256 HAU, 512 HAU, or 1024 HAU per dose of the H5 HA protein of the invention.
[0054] Compared to the conventional whole virus inactivated vaccines that are required to be produced in Biosafety Level 2 or 3 (BSL-2, BSL-3) , the above manufacture methods for producing the H7 HA protein and the H5 HA protein have been categorized to biosafety level 1 requirements.
[0055] The immunogenic composition of the invention comprises only an AIV H7 HA protein and an AIV H5 HA protein, and the combination of the two different proteins does not show negative effects such as interference therebetween. The chickens vaccinated by the immunogenic composition of the invention showed to be fully protected from both AIV H7 and H5 infections at the same time, without any mortality, morbidity and virus shedding. Further, it was surprisingly found that the immunogenic composition of the invention which comprises an H7 HA protein-containing cell culture supernatant and an H5 HA protein-containing cell culture supernatant directly harvested from their respective whole cell culture suspensions can prevent the vaccinated chickens from both oral and cloacal virus shedding, even on 5 days post challenge when the peak amount of AIV virus shedding usually occurs in chickens.
[0056] Method of preparing the immunogenic composition of the invention
[0057] The present invention is also directed to a method of preparing an immunogenic composition of the invention.
[0058] In one aspect, the present invention also provides a method of preparing an immunogenic composition, comprising the following steps: (i) infecting insect cells with a recombinant baculovirus comprising a nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H7 HA protein; (ii) infecting insect cells with a recombinant baculovirus comprising a nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H5 HA protein; (iii) culturing the insect cells (i) and (ii) in culture media, and harvesting whole cell culture suspensions of the infected cells (i) and (ii) , respectively; (iv) sonicating the whole cell culture suspensions of the infected cells (i) and (ii) , and centrifuging the sonicated whole cell culture suspensions of infected cells (ii) and (ii) to obtain the cell culture supernatants, respectively; (v) treating the cell culture supernatants of the infected cells (i) and (ii) with an inactivating agent to inactivate the baculoviruses, respectively; (vi) mixing the centrifugated, sonicated and inactivated cell culture supernatants of the infected cells (i) and (ii) to obtain a mixture of the cell culture supernatants, and (vii) optionally, adding an adjuvant into the mixture of the cell culture supernatants.
[0059] The above steps (i) and (ii) can be performed in any order. The above steps (i) and (ii) can also be performed in different time periods and / or in different places. Further, in some embodiments, prior to the step (i) , the method further comprises a step of preparing a recombinant baculovirus comprising a nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H7 HA protein, and a step of preparing a recombinant baculovirus comprising a nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H5 HA protein. Similarly, the step of preparing the AIV H7 HA-based recombinant baculovirus and the step of preparing the AIV H5 HA-based recombinant baculovirus can also be performed in any order, such as performed at the same time or sequentially (or vice versa) .
[0060] In some embodiments, the AIV H7 subtype is the AIV H7N9. In some embodiments, the AIV H5 subtype is the AIV H5N1.
[0061] In some embodiments, the AIV H7 HA protein comprises or consists of an amino acid sequence having at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, at least 99.5%or 100%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1. In some embodiments, the AIV H7 HA protein comprises or consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1.
[0062] In some embodiments, the AIV H5 HA protein comprises or consists of an amino acid sequence having at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%or 100%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3. In some embodiments, the AIV H5 HA protein comprises or consists the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3.
[0063] In some embodiments, the recombinant baculovirus comprises the nucleic acid molecule as set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 4 to 10.
[0064] In some embodiments, the baculovirus is a commercial baculovirus sold under BaculoGold (BD Biosciences Pharmingen, San Diego, Calif. ) or SapphireTM Baculovirus (Allele Biotechnology) . In some embodiments, the inset cell is SF+ cell, such as a commercial SF+ cell product sold by Protein Sciences Corporation (Meriden, CT) or sold by Invitrogen. In some embodiments, the culture medium is a serum-free insect cell medium, such as Ex-CELL 420 ( 420 serum-free medium for insect cells, Sigma-Aldrich, Cat. 14420C) .
[0065] In some embodiments, the sonication is performed for 5 to 30 min, 10 to 25 min, 10 to 20 min or 10 to 15 min. In some embodiments, the sonication is performed for 10 to 15 min. In some embodiments, the sonication is performed for 15 min.
[0066] In some embodiments, the centrifugation is performed at 1000 to 10000 g, 1000 to 9000 g, 1000 to 8000 g, 1000 to 7000 g, 1000 to 6000 g, 1000 to 5000 g, 1000 to 4000 g, 1000 to 3000 g, 2000 to 10000 g, 2000 to 9000 g, 2000 to 8000 g, 2000 to 7000 g, 2000 to 6000 g, 2000 to 5000 g, 2000 to 4000 g or 2000 to 3000 g for 5 to 20 min, 5 to 15 min or 10 to 15 min. In some embodiments, the centrifugation is performed at 2000 to 4000 g for 10 to 15 min. In some embodiments, the centrifugation is performed at 3000 g for 15 min.
[0067] In some embodiments, the sonication is performed for 10 to 15 min, and the centrifugation is performed at 2000 to 4000 g for 10 to 15 min. In some embodiments, the sonication is performed for 15 min, and the centrifugation is performed at 3000 g for 15 min.
[0068] In some embodiments, the inactivation agent is formaldehyde, preferably in a concentration of about 0.15%to about 0.3%, preferably of about 0.15%to 0.2%, or the inactivation agent is binary ethylenimine, preferably in a concentration of about 1 to about 20 mM, preferably of about 2 to about 10 mM, more preferably of about 5 mM or 10 mM. In general, the inactivation step is performed until no replication of the viral vector is detectable.
[0069] In some embodiments, after the step (iv) , the method further comprises a step of adding a neutralization agent. In some embodiments, the neutralization agent is sodium thiosulfate. In some embodiments, the neutralization step comprises adding of a sodium thiosulfate solution to a final concentration of 1 to 20 mM, preferably of 2 to 10 mM, more preferably of 5 mM or 10 mM, when the inactivation agent is BEI. In some embodiments, the neutralization step comprises adding of a sodium thiosulfate solution to a final concentration of 1 to 20 mM, preferably of 2 to 10 mM, more preferably of 5 mM or 10 mM, when the inactivation agent is formaldehyde.
[0070] In the method of the present invention, the cultured cells are not necessary to be isolated for preparing the cell culture supernatant. Instead, the whole cell culture suspensions are directly used for preparing an H7 HA protein-containing cell culture supernatant and an H5 HA protein-containing cell culture supernatant. Furthermore, without wishing to be bound by any one theory, it is believed that both sonication and centrifugation processes to which the whole cell culture suspensions are subject are important for the protection effects, especially for virus shedding protection effects of the immunogenic composition. It is surprisingly shown in the examples that chickens vaccinated by the immunogenic composition of the invention showed not only no mortality and morbidity but also no oral and cloacal virus shedding on 5 days post challenge by highly pathogenic AIV H5 and H7 subtypes.
[0071] Method and use for preventing and / or treating AIV infection
[0072] In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for prevention and / or treatment of infections in an animal caused by an AIV H7 subtype and / or an AIV H5 subtype, comprising administering the immunogenic composition of the invention or the immunogenic composition prepared by the method of the invention to the animal. In another aspect, the present invention also provides a method for reducing clinical signs in an animal caused by infections of an AIV H7 subtype and / or an AIV H5 subtype, comprising administering the immunogenic composition of the invention or the immunogenic composition prepared by the method of the invention to the animal. In another aspect, the present invention also provides a method for reducing mortality, morbidity and / or virus shedding in an animal caused by infections of an AIV H7 subtype and / or an AIV H5 subtype, comprising administering the immunogenic composition of the invention or the immunogenic composition prepared by the method of the invention to the animal.
[0073] In another aspect, the present invention provides the immunogenic composition of the invention or the immunogenic composition prepared by the method of the invention, for use in the prevention and / or treatment of infections in an animal caused by an AIV H7 subtype and / or an AIV H5 subtype. In another aspect, the present invention provides the immunogenic composition of the invention or the immunogenic composition prepared by the method of the invention, for use in reducing clinical signs in an animal caused by infections of an AIV H7 subtype and / or an AIV H5 subtype. In another aspect, the present invention provides the immunogenic composition of the invention or the immunogenic composition prepared by the method of the invention, for use in reducing mortality, morbidity and / or virus shedding in an animal caused by infections of an AIV H7 subtype and / or an AIV H5 subtype.
[0074] In another aspect, the present invention provides use of the immunogenic composition of the invention or the immunogenic composition prepared by the method of the invention in preparation of a kit for prevention and / or treatment of infections in an animal caused by an AIV H7 subtype and / or an AIV H5 subtype. In another aspect, the present invention provides use of the immunogenic composition of the invention or the immunogenic composition prepared by the method of the invention in preparation of a kit for reducing clinical signs in an animal caused by infections of an AIV H7 subtype and / or an AIV H5 subtype. In another aspect, the present invention provides use of the immunogenic composition of the invention or the immunogenic composition prepared by the method of the invention in preparation of a kit for reducing mortality, morbidity and / or virus shedding in an animal caused by infections of an AIV H7 subtype and / or an AIV H5 subtype.
[0075] In one embodiment, the method of the invention, the immunogenic composition of the invention or the immunogenic composition prepared by the method of the invention, or the use of the invention, in each case is used for the prevention and / or treatment of infections in an animal caused by an AIV H7 subtype and / or an AIV H5 subtype. In one embodiment, the method of the invention, the immunogenic composition of the invention or the immunogenic composition prepared by the method of the invention, or the use of the invention, in each case, is used for reducing clinical signs in an animal caused by infections of an AIV H7 subtype and / or an AIV H5 subtype. In one embodiment, the method of the invention, the immunogenic composition of the invention or the immunogenic composition prepared by the method of the invention, or the use of the invention, in each case, is used for reducing mortality in an animal caused by infections of an avian influenza virus H7 subtype and / or an AIV H5 subtype. In one embodiment, the method of the invention, the immunogenic composition of the invention or the immunogenic composition prepared by the method of the invention, or the use of the invention, in each case, is used for reducing morbidity in an animal caused by infections of an avian influenza virus H7 subtype and / or an AIV H5 subtype. In one embodiment, the method of the invention, the immunogenic composition of the invention or the immunogenic composition prepared by the method of the invention, or the use of the invention, in each case, is used for reducing virus shedding in an animal caused by infections of an avian influenza virus H7 subtype and / or an AIV H5 subtype.
[0076] As used herein, the term “prevention” refers to the reduction in the incidence of or severity of clinical signs of influenza infection up to an including the complete prevention of such clinical signs. The prevention protection efficacy or protection effect of the immunogenic composition can be evaluated based on the mortality, morbidity and virus shedding of the vaccinated subject against a same or different AIV strain. The terms “protection efficacy” and “protection effect” are interchangeable. The protection efficacy of the immunogenic composition of the invention for example can be determined by a virus challenge trial, such as the virus challenge trial specifically described in example 4 of the invention. The immunogenic composition of the invention achieves a protection efficacy fulfilling the following criteria:
[0077] 1) 0%mortality;
[0078] 2) 0%morbidity; and
[0079] 3) 0%virus shedding (oral and cloacal)
[0080] in the animals administered with the immunogenic composition of the invention or the immunogenic composition prepared by the method of the invention in a virus challenge trial.
[0081] In some embodiments, the AIV H7 subtype is selected from H7Nx, wherein “x” represents any neuraminidase subtype of AIV, H7N1, H7N2, H7N3, H7N4, H7N5, H7N6, H7N7, H7N8, and H7N9; preferably, the AIV H7 subtype is H7N9. In some embodiments, the AIV H5 subtype is selected from H5Ny, wherein “y” represents any neuraminidase subtype of AIV, H5N1, H5N2, H5N3, H5N4, H5N5, H5N6, H5N7, H5N8 and H5N9; preferably, the AIV H5 subtype is H5N1.
[0082] In some embodiments, the subject in need thereof can be poultry, even more preferably bird, chicken, duck, goose, pigeon, turkey the like. In some embodiments, the subject is chicken or duck. In some embodiments, the subject is chicken.
[0083] In some embodiments, the immunogenic composition of the invention can be administrated via subcutaneous (S.C. ) or intramuscular (I.M. ) administration. In one preferred embodiment, the immunogenic composition of the invention is administrated via subcutaneous administration. As used herein, the terms “administration / administrating / administrated” and “vaccination / vaccinating / vaccinated” are interchangeable.
[0084] The times of administration of the immunogenic composition of the invention can be determined by a person skilled in the art according to practical requirements. For example, the immunogenic composition of the invention can be administrated in a single dose only. This for example can be done for white broilers whose life span is about 40-50 days. The immunogenic composition of the invention can also be administrated in two doses. This for example can be done for yellow broilers whose life span is about 70 days. The immunogenic composition of the invention can be administrated in multiple doses. This can be done for example for the chicken such as breeders whose life span is more than one year or longer. Thus, in some embodiments, the immunogenic composition of the invention is administrated in a single dose administration. In some embodiments, the immunogenic composition of the invention is administrated in a two or multiple dose administration, such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 dose administration. In some embodiments, the interval between two doses is about 4-6 weeks, such as 4 weeks, 5 weeks or 6 weeks.
[0085] A person skilled in the art can determine when the first dose of administration is given according to practical requirements. For example, when chickens are vaccinated, the immunogenic composition of the invention can be firstly administrated at day 1 of age or later, at day 7 of age or later, at day 10 of age or later, at day 15 of age or later, or at day 21 of age or later. In some embodiments, the immunogenic composition of the invention is administrated at day 1 of age or later, at day 7 of age or later, at day 10 of age or later, at day 15 of age or later, or at day 21 of age or later. In some embodiments, the immunogenic composition of the invention is administrated from day 1 of age, from day 7 of age, from day 10 of age, from day 15 of age, or from day 21 of age in a single-administration.
[0086] It is understood that the immunogenic composition when administered according to any of the administration regimen as described above, is efficacious in the prevention and / or treatment of infections caused by an AIV H7 subtype and / or an AIV H5 subtype. Thus, in some embodiments, the immunogenic composition of the invention is administrated in a single dose administration and is efficacious by such single dose administration e.g., in the prevention and / or treatment of infections caused by an AIV H7 subtype and / or an AIV H5 subtype. In some embodiments, the immunogenic composition of the invention is administrated in a two or multiple dose administration and is efficacious by such two or multiple dose administration, e.g., in the prevention and / or treatment of infections caused by an AIV H7 subtype and / or an AIV H5 subtype.
[0087] The administrated volume of the immunogenic composition of the invention can be determined by a person skilled in the art according to practical requirements. In some embodiments, the administrated volume of the immunogenic composition of the invention is a range from about 0.01 ml to about 0.5 ml, about 0.05 ml to about 0.5 ml, about 0.1 ml to about 0.5 ml, about 0.2 ml to about 0.5 ml, or about 0.3 ml to about 0.5 ml. In one preferred embodiment, the administrated volume of the immunogenic composition of the invention is 0.3 ml.
[0088] In one preferred embodiment, the subject is chicken at about day 21 of age, and the chicken is subcutaneously administered with one dose (0.3 ml) of immunogenic composition of the invention.
[0089] The immunogenic composition of the invention can provide protection on chicken with different days of age, even from newborns, i.e., day one of life. The immunogenic composition of the invention is convenient for administration and it does not have to be limited to a certain route of administration, and the protection efficacy of the immunogenic composition of the invention is not affected by different routes of administration. It was shown in the example 4 that after one-dose administration, chickens at about day 21 of age showed no mortality, morbidity and oral and cloacal virus shedding against both AIV H5 and / or H7 infections.
[0090] In a preferred embodiment of any of the methods and uses described herein, the AIV H7 HA protein comprises or consists of an amino acid sequence which is selected from the group consisting of: i) an amino acid sequence having at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%or 100%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, and ii) an amino acid sequence having at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%or 100%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2; and the AIV H5 HA protein comprises or consists of an amino acid sequence having at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%or 100%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3.
[0091] In another aspect, the present invention provides an immunogenic composition comprising a hemagglutinin protein of avian influenza virus H7 subtype (AIV H7 HA protein) of the invention and an immunogenic composition comprising a hemagglutinin protein of avian influenza virus H5 subtype (AIV H5 HA protein) of the invention for use in a method for the prevention and / or treatment of infections in an animal caused by an avian influenza virus H7 subtype and / or an avian influenza virus H5 subtype, or for use in a method of reducing clinical signs in an animal caused by infections of an avian influenza virus H7 subtype and / or an avian influenza virus H5 subtype, or for use in a method for reducing mortality, morbidity and / or virus shedding in an animal caused by infections of an avian influenza virus H7 subtype and / or an avian influenza virus H5 subtype, comprising administering the immunogenic composition comprising the AIV H7 HA protein of the invention and the immunogenic composition comprising the AIV H5 HA protein of the invention to the animal.
[0092] As used herein, the expression “an immunogenic composition comprising the AIV H5 HA protein of the invention and an immunogenic composition comprising the AIV H7 HA of the invention for use in a method of ……” means that each of the AIV H7 HA protein of the invention and the AIV H5 HA protein of the invention can be comprised in an individual immunogenic composition, and the two immunogenic compositions are administrated in parallel or sequentially to an animal in need thereof. In one embodiment, an immunogenic composition comprising the AIV H5 HA protein of the invention and an immunogenic composition comprising the AIV H5 HA protein of the invention, without being pre-mixed together, are individually administrated at the same time or sequentially. In one embodiment, an immunogenic composition comprising the AIV H5 HA protein of the invention and an immunogenic composition comprising the AIV H5 HA protein of the invention are mixed together before use or ready for use.
[0093] The AIV H7 HA protein of the invention and the AIV H5 HA protein of the invention comprise any one of the AIV H7 HA proteins and the AIV H5 HA proteins as defined in the above description, respectively. In a preferred embodiment, the AIV H7 HA protein comprises or consists of an amino acid sequence which is selected from the group consisting of: i) an amino acid sequence having at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%or 100%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, and ii) an amino acid sequence having at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%or 100%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2; and the AIV H5 HA protein comprises or consists of an amino acid sequence having at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%or 100%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3.
[0094] In a preferred embodiment, the AIV H7 HA protein of the invention (or the AIV H5 protein of the invention) is contained in a cell culture supernatant which is obtainable or obtained by a method comprising the following steps: (i) infecting insect cells with a recombinant baculovirus comprising a nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H7 HA protein of the invention (or the AIV H5 HA protein of the invention) ; (ii) culturing the insect cells in a culture medium, and harvesting a whole cell culture suspension; (iii) sonicating the whole cell culture suspension, and then centrifuging the sonicated whole cell culture suspension to obtain the cell culture supernatant; and (iv) treating the cell culture supernatant with an inactivation agent to inactivate the baculovirus.
[0095] In a preferred embodiment, the immunogenic composition comprising the AIV H7 HA protein (or AIV H5 HA protein) of the invention is prepared by the following steps: (i) infecting insect cells with a recombinant baculovirus comprising a nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H7 HA protein (or AIV H5 HA protein) of the invention; (ii) culturing the insect cells in a culture medium, and harvesting a whole cell culture suspension; (iii) sonicating the whole cell culture suspension, and then centrifuging the sonicated whole cell culture suspension to obtain the cell culture supernatant; (iv) treating the cell culture supernatant with an inactivation agent to inactivate the baculovirus; and (vii) optionally, adding an adjuvant into the inactivated cell culture supernatants.
[0096] In a preferred embodiment, the nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H7 HA protein comprises or consists of the nucleotide sequence as set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 4 to 7, and the nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H5 HA protein comprises or consists of the nucleotide sequence as set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 8 to 9.
[0097] Differentiation of naturally infected animals from vaccinated animals
[0098] In another aspect, the invention also provides a method of differentiating animals naturally infected with an AIV H7 subtype and / or an AIV H5 subtype from animals vaccinated with the immunogenic composition of the invention, or use of the immunogenic composition of the invention in preparation of an agent for differentiating between animals naturally infected with an AIV H7 subtype and / or an AIV H5 subtype and the vaccinated animals.
[0099] In some embodiments, the method comprises: a) analyzing a sample of an animal in an immuno test and / or genomic analytical test for the presence of an avian influenza marker which is not present in the immunogenic composition but present in the naturally infected animal, wherein the immuno test is an enzyme immunoassay or enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, or an agar gel precipitation assay, or a western blot assay b) determining whether the sample is positive or negative for the avian influenza marker, and c) correlating the test results with the status of the tested animal, wherein an animal that is positive for the avian influenza marker is a naturally infected animal and the animal that is negative for the avian influenza marker is an animal that is vaccinated with the immunogenic composition of the invention.
[0100] In some embodiments, the method comprises: a) analyzing a sample of an animal in an immuno test and / or genomic analytical test for the presence of an avian influenza marker which is specific for the immunogenic composition but not present in the naturally infected animal, wherein the immuno test is an enzyme immunoassay or enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, b) determining whether the sample is positive or negative for the avian influenza marker, and c) correlating the test results with the status of the tested animal, wherein an animal that is positive for the avian influenza marker is an animal that is vaccinated with the immunogenic composition of the invention.
[0101] In some embodiments, the animal can be poultry, even more preferably bird, chicken, duck, turkey and the like. In some embodiments, the animal is chicken or duck. In some embodiments, the animal is chicken.
[0102] In some embodiments, the AIV H7 subtype is selected from H7Nx, wherein “x” represents any neuraminidase subtype of AIV, H7N1, H7N2, H7N3, H7N4, H7N5, H7N6, H7N7, H7N8, and H7N9; preferably, the AIV H7 subtype is H7N9. In some embodiments, the AIV H5 subtype is selected from H5Ny, wherein “y” represents any neuraminidase subtype of AIV, H5N1, H5N2, H5N3, H5N4, H5N5, H5N6, H5N7, H5N8 and H5N9; preferably, the AIV H5 subtype is H5N1.
[0103] Animals vaccinated with the immunogenic composition comprising the H7 HA protein and the H5 HA protein of the invention will only have antibody response against one or two of the specific antigens, while negative response to other viral components of an AIV H7 subtype and / or an AIV H5 subtype. Thus, a further advantage of the invention is that it benefits a DIVA (differentiation between infected and vaccinated animals) concept with specific ELISA for differentiating between AIV infected animals and vaccinated animals.
[0104] Kit
[0105] In another aspect, the invention also provides a kit, comprising an immunogenic composition comprising the AIV H7 HA protein and the AIV H5 HA protein of the invention, optionally an instruction manual showing the administration regimen. In another aspect, the invention also provides a kit, comprising an immunogenic composition comprising the AIV H7 HA protein of the invention, an immunogenic composition comprising the AIV H5 HA protein of the invention, optionally an instruction manual showing the administration regimen.
[0106] In some embodiments, the kit is used for prevention and / or treatment of infections in an animal caused by an AIV H7 subtype and / or an AIV H5 subtype, or for reducing clinical signs in an animal caused by infections of an AIV H7 subtype and / or an AIV H5 subtype, or for reducing mortality, morbidity and / or virus shedding in an animal caused by infections of an AIV H7 subtype and / or an AIV H5 subtype. In some embodiments, the AIV H7 subtype is H7N9, and the AIV H5 subtype is H5N1. In some embodiments, the animal is chicken or duck.
[0107] Clauses
[0108] The subsequent clauses are part of the disclosure and shall further illustrate the invention.
[0109] Clause 1. An immunogenic composition comprising a hemagglutinin protein of avian influenza virus H7 subtype (AIV H7 HA protein) and a hemagglutinin protein of avian influenza virus H5 subtype (AIV H5 HA protein) .
[0110] Clause 2. The immunogenic composition of clause 1, wherein the avian influenza virus H7 subtype is the avian influenza virus H7N9, and / or the avian influenza virus H5 subtype is the avian influenza virus H5N1.
[0111] Clause 3. The immunogenic composition of clause 1 or 2, wherein the AIV H7 HA protein comprises or consists of an amino acid sequence which is selected from the group consisting of:
[0112] i) an amino acid sequence having at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%or 100%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, and
[0113] ii) an amino acid sequence having at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%or 100%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0114] Clause 4. The immunogenic composition of clause 1 or 2, wherein the AIV H5 HA protein comprises or consists of an amino acid sequence having at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%or 100%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3.
[0115] Clause 5. The immunogenic composition of any one of clauses 1 to 4, wherein the AIV H7 HA protein comprises or consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, and the AIV H5 HA protein comprises or consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3; or wherein the AIV H7 HA protein comprises or consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, and the AIV H5 HA protein comprises or consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3.
[0116] Clause 6. The immunogenic composition of any one of clauses 1 to 5, wherein the AIV H7 HA protein and the AIV H5 HA protein are the only two avian influenza antigen components contained in the immunogenic composition; or wherein the immunogenic composition does not comprise other AIV H7 proteins and AIV H5 proteins than the AIV H7 HA protein and the AIV H5 HA protein.
[0117] Clause 7. The immunogenic composition of any one of clauses 1 to 6, wherein the AIV H7 HA protein and the AIV H5 HA protein are a recombinant hemagglutinin protein, respectively; preferably, the recombinant hemagglutinin protein is produced by a baculovirus-based system.
[0118] Clause 8. The immunogenic composition of any one of clauses 1 to 7, wherein the AIV H7 HA protein and the AIV H5 HA protein are contained in a mixture of cell culture supernatants which is obtainable or obtained by a method comprising the following steps:
[0119] (i) infecting insect cells with a recombinant baculovirus comprising a nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H7 HA protein;
[0120] (ii) infecting insect cells with a recombinant baculovirus comprising a nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H5 HA protein;
[0121] (iii) culturing the insect cells (i) and (ii) in culture media, and harvesting whole cell culture suspensions of the infected cells (i) and (ii) , respectively;
[0122] (iv) sonicating the whole cell culture suspensions of the infected cells (i) and (ii) , and centrifuging the sonicated whole cell culture suspensions of infected cells (ii) and (ii) to obtain the cell culture supernatants, respectively;
[0123] (v) treating the cell culture supernatants of the infected cells (i) and (ii) with an inactivating agent to inactivate the baculoviruses, respectively; and
[0124] (vi) mixing the centrifugated, sonicated and inactivated cell culture supernatants of the infected cells (i) and (ii) to obtain a mixture of the cell culture supernatants.
[0125] Clause 9. The immunogenic composition of clause 8, wherein prior to the step (i) , the method further comprises a step of preparing a recombinant baculovirus comprising a nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H7 HA protein or the AIV H5 HA protein.
[0126] Clause 10. The immunogenic composition of any one of clauses 8 to 9, wherein the nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H7 HA protein comprises or consists of the nucleotide sequence as set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 4 to 7, and the nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H5 HA protein comprises or consists of the nucleotide sequence as set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 8 and 9.
[0127] Clause 11. The immunogenic composition of any one of clauses 8 to 10 wherein the sonication is performed for 5 to 30 min, 10 to 25 min, 10 to 20 min or 10 to 15 min; and / or the centrifugation is performed at 2000 to 4000 g for 10 to 15 min.
[0128] Clause 12. The immunogenic composition of any one of clauses 8 to 10, wherein in the step (iv) , the inactivation agent is formaldehyde or binary ethylenimine.
[0129] Clause 13. The immunogenic composition of any one of clauses 8 to 12, wherein the method further comprises a step of adding a neutralization agent; preferably, the neutralization agent is sodium thiosulfate.
[0130] Clause 14. The immunogenic composition of any one of clauses 1 to 13, wherein the immunogenic composition further comprises an adjuvant; preferably, wherein the immunogenic composition is formulated into a water-in-oil emulsion with an adjuvant, such as MONTANIDETM ISA 71R VG.
[0131] Clause 15. An immunogenic composition comprising a mixture of a cell culture supernatant containing a hemagglutinin protein of avian influenza virus H7 subtype (AIV H7 HA protein) and a cell culture supernatant containing a hemagglutinin protein of avian influenza virus H5 subtype (AIV H5 HA protein) ; wherein the mixture of the cell culture supernatants is obtainable or obtained by a method comprising the following steps:
[0132] (i) infecting insect cells with a recombinant baculovirus comprising a nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H7 HA protein;
[0133] (ii) infecting insect cells with a recombinant baculovirus comprising a nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H5 HA protein;
[0134] (iii) culturing the insect cells (i) and (ii) in culture media, and harvesting whole cell culture suspensions of the infected cells (i) and (ii) , respectively;
[0135] (iv) sonicating the whole cell culture suspensions of the infected cells (i) and (ii) , and centrifuging the sonicated whole cell culture suspensions of infected cells (ii) and (ii) to obtain the cell culture supernatants, respectively;
[0136] (v) treating the cell culture supernatants of the infected cells (i) and (ii) with an inactivating agent to inactivate the baculoviruses, respectively; and
[0137] (vi) mixing the centrifugated, sonicated and inactivated cell culture supernatants of the infected cells (i) and (ii) to obtain a mixture of the cell culture supernatants.
[0138] Clause 16. The immunogenic composition of clause 15, wherein prior to the step (i) , the method further comprises a step of preparing a recombinant baculovirus comprising a nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H7 HA protein or the AIV H5 HA protein.
[0139] Clause 17. The immunogenic composition of clause 15 or 16, wherein the avian influenza virus H7 subtype is the avian influenza virus H7N9, and / or the avian influenza virus H5 subtype is the avian influenza virus H5N1.
[0140] Clause 18. The immunogenic composition of any one of clauses 15 to 17, wherein the AIV H7 HA protein comprises or consists of an amino acid sequence which is selected from the group consisting of:
[0141] i) an amino acid sequence having at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%or 100%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, and
[0142] ii) an amino acid sequence having at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%or 100%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0143] Clause 19. The immunogenic composition of any one of clauses 15 to 17, wherein the AIV H5 HA protein comprises or consists of an amino acid sequence having at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%or 100%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3.
[0144] Clause 20. The immunogenic composition of any one of clauses 15 to 19, wherein the AIV H7 HA protein comprises or consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, and the AIV H5 HA protein comprises or consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3; or wherein the AIV H7 HA protein comprises or consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, and the AIV H5 HA protein comprises or consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3.
[0145] Clause 21. The immunogenic composition of any one of clauses 15 to 20, wherein the nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H7 HA protein comprises or consists of the nucleotide sequence as set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 4 to 7, and the nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H5 HA protein comprises or consists of the nucleotide sequence as set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 8 and 9.
[0146] Clause 22. The immunogenic composition of any one of clauses 15 to 21, wherein the sonication is performed for 5 to 30 min, 10 to 25 min, 10 to 20 min or 10 to 15 min, preferably 10 to 15 min; and / or the centrifugation is performed at 2000 to 4000 g for 10 to 15 min, preferably at 3000 g for 15 min.
[0147] Clause 23. The immunogenic composition of any one of clauses 15 to 22, wherein in the step (iv) , the inactivation agent is formaldehyde or binary ethylenimine.
[0148] Clause 24. The immunogenic composition of any one of clauses 15 to 23, wherein the method further comprises a step of adding a neutralization agent; preferably, the neutralization agent is sodium thiosulfate.
[0149] Clause 25. The immunogenic composition of any one of clauses 15 to 24, wherein the immunogenic composition further comprises an adjuvant; preferably, wherein the immunogenic composition is formulated into a water-in-oil emulsion with an adjuvant, such as MONTANIDETM ISA 71R VG.
[0150] Clause 26. A method of preparing an immunogenic composition of any one of clauses 15 to 25, comprising the following steps:
[0151] (i) infecting insect cells with a recombinant baculovirus comprising a nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H7 HA protein;
[0152] (ii) infecting insect cells with a recombinant baculovirus comprising a nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H5 HA protein;
[0153] (iii) culturing the insect cells (i) and (ii) in culture media, and harvesting whole cell culture suspensions of the infected cells (i) and (ii) , respectively;
[0154] (iv) sonicating the whole cell culture suspensions of the infected cells (i) and (ii) , and centrifuging the sonicated whole cell culture suspensions of infected cells (ii) and (ii) to obtain the cell culture supernatants, respectively;
[0155] (v) treating the cell culture supernatants of the infected cells (i) and (ii) with an inactivating agent to inactivate the baculoviruses, respectively;
[0156] (vi) mixing the centrifugated, sonicated and inactivated cell culture supernatants of the infected cells (i) and (ii) to obtain a mixture of the cell culture supernatants, and
[0157] (vii) optionally, adding an adjuvant into the mixture of the cell culture supernatants.
[0158] Clause 27. A method for prevention and / or treatment of infections in an animal caused by an avian influenza virus H7 subtype and / or an avian influenza virus H5 subtype, or for reducing clinical signs in an animal caused by infections of an avian influenza virus H7 subtype and / or an avian influenza virus H5 subtype, or for reducing mortality, morbidity and / or virus shedding in an animal caused by infections of an avian influenza virus H7 subtype and / or an avian influenza virus H5 subtype, comprising administering the immunogenic composition of any one of clauses 1 to 25, or the immunogenic composition prepared by the method of clause 26 to the animal;
[0159] preferably, the avian influenza virus H7 subtype is H7N9 avian influenza virus, and / or the avian influenza virus H5 subtype is H5N1 avian influenza virus.
[0160] Clause 28. The immunogenic composition of any one of clauses 1 to 25, or the immunogenic composition prepared by the method of clause 26, for use in the prevention and / or treatment of infections in an animal caused by an avian influenza virus H7 subtype and / or an avian influenza virus H5 subtype; or for use in reducing clinical signs in an animal caused by infections of an avian influenza virus H7 subtype and / or an avian influenza virus H5 subtype; or for use in reducing mortality, morbidity and / or virus shedding in an animal caused by infections of an avian influenza virus H7 subtype and / or an avian influenza virus H5 subtype;
[0161] preferably, the avian influenza virus H7 subtype is H7N9 avian influenza virus, and / or the avian influenza virus H5 subtype is H5N1 avian influenza virus.
[0162] Clause 29. Use of the immunogenic composition of any one of clauses 1 to 25, or the immunogenic composition prepared by the method of clause 26 in preparation of a kit for prevention and / or treatment of infections in an animal caused by an avian influenza virus H7 subtype and an avian influenza virus H5 subtype, or for reducing clinical signs in an animal caused by infections of an avian influenza virus H7 subtype and an avian influenza virus H5 subtype, or for reducing mortality, morbidity and / or virus shedding in an animal caused by infections of an avian influenza virus H7 subtype and an avian influenza virus H5 subtype;
[0163] preferably, the avian influenza virus H7 subtype is H7N9 avian influenza virus, and / or the avian influenza virus H5 subtype is H5N1 avian influenza virus.
[0164] Clause 30. An immunogenic composition comprising a hemagglutinin protein of avian influenza virus H7 subtype (AIV H7 HA protein) and an immunogenic composition comprising a hemagglutinin protein of avian influenza virus H5 subtype (AIV H5 HA protein) for use in a method for the prevention and / or treatment of infections in an animal caused by an avian influenza virus H7 subtype and / or an avian influenza virus H5 subtype, or for use in a method of reducing clinical signs in an animal caused by infections of an avian influenza virus H7 subtype and / or an avian influenza virus H5 subtype, or for use in a method for reducing mortality, morbidity and / or virus shedding in an animal caused by infections of an avian influenza virus H7 subtype and / or an avian influenza virus H5 subtype, comprising administering the immunogenic composition comprising the AIV H7 HA protein as defined in any one of clauses 3 to 25 and the immunogenic composition comprising the AIV H5 HA protein as defined in any one of clauses 3 to 25 to the animal.
[0165] Clause 31. The method of clause 27, the immunogenic composition of clause 28, the use of clause 29 or 30, wherein the animal is subjected to single, two or multiple dose of administration of the immunogenic composition in a range from about 0.01 ml to about 0.5 ml; and / or
[0166] wherein the animal is at day 1 of age or later, at day 7 of age or later, at day 10 of age or later, at day 15 of age or later, or at day 21 of age or later; and / or
[0167] wherein the animal is administrated via a subcutaneous route; and / or
[0168] wherein the animal is poultry; preferably the animal is selected from a group consisting of bird, chicken, duck, goose, pigeon, and turkey;
[0169] preferably, chicken at about day 21 of age is subcutaneously administered with the 0.3 ml of the immunogenic composition.
[0170] Clause 32. A method of differentiating animals naturally infected with AIV H7 and / or AIV H5 from animals vaccinated with the immunogenic composition of any one of clauses 1 to 25 or the immunogenic composition prepared by the method of clause 26, comprising: a) analyzing a sample of an animal in an immuno test and / or genomic analytical test for the presence of an avian influenza marker which is not present in the immunogenic composition but present in the naturally infected animal, wherein the immuno test is an enzyme immunoassay or enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, or an agar gel precipitation assay, or a western blot assay b) determining whether the sample is positive or negative for the avian influenza marker, and c) correlating the test results with the status of the tested animal, wherein an animal that is positive for the avian influenza marker is a naturally infected animal and the animal that is negative for the avian influenza marker is an animal that is vaccinated with the immunogenic composition.
[0171] Clause 33. A method of differentiating animals naturally infected with AIV H7 and / or AIV H5 from animals vaccinated with the immunogenic composition of any one of clauses 1 to 25 or the immunogenic composition prepared by the method of clause 26, comprising: a) analyzing a sample of an animal in an immuno test and / or genomic analytical test for the presence of an avian influenza marker which is specific for the immunogenic composition but not present in the naturally infected animal, wherein the immuno test is an enzyme immunoassay or enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, b) determining whether the sample is positive or negative for the avian influenza marker, and c) correlating the test results with the status of the tested animal, wherein an animal that is positive for the avian influenza marker is an animal that is vaccinated with the immunogenic composition.
[0172] Clause 34. A kit, comprising the immunogenic composition of any one of clauses 1-25 or the immunogenic composition prepared by the method of clause 26, optionally an instruction manual showing the administration regimen.
[0173] Examples
[0174] The following examples are included to further illustrate the invention described herein and to demonstrate embodiments of the invention. It should be appreciated by those of skill in the art that the techniques disclosed in the examples which follow represent techniques discovered by the inventors to function well in the practice of the invention, and thus can be considered to constitute modes for its practice. However, those of skill in the art should, in light of the present disclosure, appreciate that many changes can be made in the specific embodiments which are disclosed and still obtain a like or similar result which is within the spirit and scope of the invention.
[0175] Example 1. Preparation and expression of the H7 HA protein
[0176] 1.1 Generation of the H7 HA consensus amino acid sequence
[0177] To generate an H7N9 influenza HA consensus amino acid sequence, 57 Avian H7N9 influenza HA amino acid sequences isolated in China from year 2017 to year 2019 were collected and analyzed. The final consensus sequence was generated by aligning and analyzing 57 amino acid sequences with Geneious software. This final consensus amino acid sequence was designated as H7Con3 which is shown by SEQ ID NO: 1.
[0178] 1.2 Optimization of the H7 HA nucleic acid sequence
[0179] To optimize for better expression, the amino acid sequence of H7Con3 as described above was reversely deduced into the corresponding nucleic acid sequence by Geneious software and optimized for expression in insect cells of Baculovirus Expression System (Allele Biotechnology, CAT ABP-BVP-10002) . The optimized nucleic acid sequence of H7Con3 was synthesized by GenScript (GenScript, NJ, USA) . The optimized nucleic acid sequence of H7Con3 (including the signal peptide coding sequence) is shown by SEQ ID NO: 5.
[0180] 1.3. Construction of a recombinant baculovirus expression system
[0181] A sequence derived from SeL promoter was inserted in front of the optimized nucleic acid sequence of H7Con3, and the final nucleic acid sequence was designated as H7Con3pSeL. The nucleic acid sequence of H7Con3pSeL is shown by SEQ ID NO: 10.
[0182] The nucleic acid sequence of H7Con3pSeL as prepared above was inserted into the Baculovirus expression system transfer vector pVL1393 which was included in the SapphireTM Baculovirus DNA and Transfection Kit (Allele Biotechnology, CAT ABP-BVD-10002) , so as to generate the transfer plasmid, designated as pVL1393-H7Con3pSeL.
[0183] The pVL1393-H7Con3pSeL was then co-transfected with linearized wild type SapphireTM Baculovirus DNA (SapphireTM Baculovirus DNA and Transfection Kit; Allele Biotechnology, CAT ABP-BVD-10002) into the Sf9 insect cells (Invitrogen, Cat #B825-01, Lot #1030672) , so as to obtain rescued recombinant baculovirus. The recombinant baculovirus containing the optimized nucleic acid sequence of H7Con3 was designated as rBacH7Con3, and the transfected Sf9 cells containing rBacH7Con3 were obtained according to the manufacturer’s manual.
[0184] The transfected Sf9 cells as prepared above were cultured at 27℃ incubator for four days, and the supernatant of the cell culture was harvested. To get pure recombinant virus, the harvested supernatant was then subjected to plaque purification. Three rounds of plaque purifications were conducted, and the virus plaques containing rBacH7Con3 were picked up after the third round of plaque purification, to obtain purified rBacH7Con3.
[0185] 1.4. Expression of H7 HA protein in insect cells
[0186] The above purified rBacH7Con3 was further propagated in a suspension cultured insect cell line SF+ cells ( 420 serum-free medium for insect cells, Sigma-Aldrich, Cat. 14420C) in shaking flasks. Specifically, the SF+ cells (Protein Sciences Corporation, Meriden, CT) were seeded into a shaking flask at the density of 106 cells / ml, and the above purified rBacH7Con3 was inoculated into SF+ cells (Protein Sciences, Inc., Meriden, CT) with MOI=0.01 to MOI=1. The inoculated SF+ cells were cultured at EX-CELL 420 medium at 27℃, with the shaking speed of 80-120 rpm / min for 3-7 days, and the whole cell culture suspension containing the expressed H7Con3 HA protein and the culture medium was harvested later for the next step. The harvested cell culture suspension comprised a cell count between 1.5-2.5 x 106 cells / ml.
[0187] The HAU of the cell culture suspension containing H7Con3 was tested by Haemagglutination Assay (See OIE Terrestrial Manual 2015, Chapter 2.3.1 &2.3.2, Avian Influenza (infection with avian influenza viruses) ) with a two-fold serial dilution method. The results showed that the HAU of the cell culture suspension of H7Con3 was greater than 32 (7log2) HAU / 25ul.
[0188] Example 2: Preparation and expression of the H5 HA protein
[0189] 2.1 Generation of the H5 HA consensus amino acid sequence
[0190] To generate H5 HA consensus amino acid sequence, 196 Avian H5N1 influenza HA amino acid sequences isolated in China from year 2005 to year 2012 were collected and analyzed. The 196 HA amino acid sequences are from clades 0, 2.2, 2.3.1, 2.3.2, 2.3.2.1, 2.3.4, 2.4, 7 and 9. Total of 196 amino acid sequences were aligned simultaneously with MEGA 5.0 software.
[0191] Two amino acid mutations were additionally introduced to the amino acid sequence of H5Con5, so as to generate a H5N1 influenza HA consensus amino acid sequence 5 mutant (H5Con5Mut) . At amino acid positions 120 and 223 of the amino acid sequence of the H5Con5Mut, both of the Serine (S) were mutated to Asparagines (N) , i.e. S120N, and S223N. The final amino acid sequence was designated as H5Con5Mut, which is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3.
[0192] 2.2 Optimization of the H5 HA nucleic acid sequence
[0193] To optimize for better expression, the amino acid sequence of H5Con5Mut was reversely deduced into the corresponding nucleic acid sequence by Vector NTI software and optimized for expression in insect cells of Baculovirus Expression System (Allele Biotechnology, CAT ABP-BVP-10002) . The optimized nucleic acid sequence of H5ConMut (including the signal peptide coding sequence) was shown by SEQ ID NO: 9.
[0194] 2.3 Construction of a recombinant baculovirus expression system
[0195] The optimized nucleic acid sequence of H5ConMut as prepared above was inserted into the Baculovirus expression system transfer vector pVL1393 which was included in the SapphireTM Baculovirus DNA and Transfection Kit (Allele Biotechnology, CAT ABP-BVD-10002) , so as to generate the transfer plasmids, designated as pVL1393-H5Con5Mut.
[0196] pVL1393-H5Con5Mut was then co-transfected with linearized wild type SapphireTM Baculovirus DNA (SapphireTM Baculovirus DNA and Transfection Kit; Allele Biotechnology, CAT ABP-BVD-10002) into the Sf9 insect cells (Invitrogen, Cat #B825-01, Lot #1030672) , so as to obtain rescued recombinant baculovirus. The recombinant baculovirus containing the optimized nucleic acid sequences of H5Con5Mut was designated as rBacH5Con5Mut. And the transfected Sf9 cells containing the recombinant baculovirus were obtained.
[0197] 2.4 Expression of H5 HA protein in insect cells
[0198] The transfected Sf9 cells as prepared above were cultured at 27℃ incubator for four days, and the supernatant of the cell culture was harvested. To get pure recombinant virus, the harvested supernatant was then subjected to plaque purification. Three rounds of plaque purifications were conducted, and the virus plaques containing rBacH5Con5Mut were picked up after the third round of plaque purification, so as to obtain purified rBacH5Con5Mut.
[0199] The above purified rBacH5Con5Mut was further propagated in a suspension cultured insect cell line SF+ cells ( 420 serum-free medium for insect cells, Sigma-Aldrich, Cat. 14420C) in shaking flasks. In brief, the SF+ cells (Protein Sciences Corporation, Meriden, CT) was seeded into a shaking flask at the density of 106 cells / ml, and the above purified rBacH5Con5Mut was inoculated into SF+ cells (Protein Sciences, Inc., Meriden, CT) with MOI=0.01 to MOI=1. The inoculated SF+ cells were cultured at EX-CELL 420 medium at 27℃, with the shaking speed of 80-120 rpm / min for 3-7 days, and the whole cell culture suspension containing the expressed H5Con5Mut HA protein and the culture medium was harvested later for the next step. The harvested cell culture suspensions comprised a cell count between 1.5-2.5 x 106 cells / ml.
[0200] The HAU of the cell culture suspension containing H5Con5Mut was tested by Haemagglutination Assay (See OIE Terrestrial Manual 2015, Chapter 2.3.1 &2.3.2, Avian Influenza (infection with avian influenza viruses) ) with a two-fold serial dilution method. The results showed that the HAU of the cell culture suspension of H5Con5Mut was greater than 71.1 HAU / 25μl.
[0201] Example 3. Preparation of the immunogenic composition comprising the H7 HA protein and the H5 HA protein
[0202] Each of the harvested whole cell culture suspensions as described in the example 1 and 2 was further subjected to a series of processes including sonication, centrifugation and inactivation.
[0203] 3.1 Preparation of a supernatant comprising the H7 HA protein
[0204] The harvested whole cell culture suspension as described in the example 1 was further subjected to a series of processes including sonication and centrifugation. Specifically, the cell culture suspension after infection was subject to sonication for 15 min with sonicate for 5 second and pause for 5 second. The volume for sonication is 800-1000 ml, with 25 mm tip and 40%amplitude. During sonication, the temperature is controlled under 25℃ and the suspension is mixed with a magnetic stirrer. After sonication, the cell culture suspension is centrifuged at 3000 g, 15min at 2-8℃. The supernatant is collected into a sterile bottle and mixed thoroughly. The supernatant is then treated with a BEI inactivation agent (10 mM BEI) at 37 ℃ with 120 rpm. After inactivation, BEI is neutralized by addition of 2 ml of 1 M sodium thiosulfate solution and mixing for 30 min.
[0205] After the inactivation, the inactivated supernatant comprising the H7 HA protein was used as the active antigenic ingredient to be used for the next emulsification procedure.
[0206] 3.2 Preparation of a supernatant comprising the H5 HA protein
[0207] The harvested whole cell culture suspension as described in the example 2 was further subjected to a series of processes including sonication and centrifugation. Specifically, the cell culture suspension after infection was subject to sonication for 15 min with sonicate for 5 second and pause for 5 second. The volume for sonication is 800-1000 ml, with 25 mm tip and 40%amplitude. During sonication, the temperature is controlled under 25℃ and the suspension is mixed with a magnetic stirrer. After sonication, the cell culture suspension is centrifuged at 3000 g, 15min at 2-8℃. The supernatant is collected into a sterile bottle and mixed thoroughly. The supernatant is then treated with a BEI inactivation agent (10 mM BEI) at 37 ℃ with 120 rpm. After inactivation, BEI is neutralized by addition of 2 ml of 1 M sodium thiosulfate solution and mixing for 30 min.
[0208] After the inactivation, the inactivated supernatant comprising the H5 HA protein was used as the active antigenic ingredient to be used for the next emulsification procedure.
[0209] 3.3 Preparation of an immunogenic composition comprising the H7 HA protein and the H5 HA protein
[0210] After the inactivation, the two inactivated supernatants prepared as the above were used as the active antigenic ingredients for the next emulsification procedure with an adjuvant to form a water-in-oil emulsion. In brief, the inactivated supernatant comprising the H7 HA protein and the inactivated supernatant comprising the H5 HA protein were mixed by 1: 1 (based on HAU value) to form a mixture of supernatants. The oil phase used to prepare the emulsion was the commercially available adjuvant MONTANIDETM ISA 71R VG (Manufactured by Seppic Inc, Cat no: 365187) , while the aqueous phase contained the mixture of the two inactivated supernatants as prepared above. For each dose (0.3 ml) of the immunogenic composition, about 3 parts of aqueous phase (54 μl) were added to about 7 parts of oil phase (126 μl) was added. The detailed manufacture process of the water-in-oil emulsion is followed by the instruction manual of the MONTANIDETM ISA 71R VG.
[0211] Example 4. Virus challenge and protection efficacy tests
[0212] The protection efficacy of the immunogenic composition prepared from the example 3 was tested in this example. Stock of a highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus strain H7N9 LN155 strain and H5N1 14079 (provided by South China Agricultural University) were prepared and used for challenge trials in two separate challenge experiments.
[0213] In each of the experiments, SPF chicken embryonated eggs were purchased from Xinxing Dahuanong Poultry Eggs Co., Ltd. After hatch, SPF chickens were randomly picked and kept in designated isolators. In Group 1, SPF chickens at an age of 21 days were vaccinated via subcutaneous route with one dose (0.5 ml) of immunogenic composition comprising H7 HA protein and H5 HA protein. In Group 2, SPF chickens at an age of 21 days were vaccinated via subcutaneous route with one dose (0.3 ml) of immunogenic composition comprising H7 HA protein and H5 HA protein. In Group 3, SPF chickens at an age of 21 days were vaccinated via subcutaneous route with one dose (0.05 ml) of immunogenic composition comprising H7 HA protein and H5 HA protein. In Groups 1-3, the immunogenic compositions have a comparable HAU of at least 256 / dose. In Group 4, the commercial product of YeBIO’s H5 and H7 trivalent vaccine which comprises two inactivated H5 whole viruses and one inactivated H7 whole virus as antigens (Manufactured by QINGDAO YeBIO Co., Ltd., Cat no: 222816000) was used as positive control. 0.3 ml of the YeBIO’s commercial product was administrated under the product’s instruction manual. 10 to 12 SPF chickens were included for each of the immunization groups (Group 1-3) , the positive control group (Group 4) and the blank control group (Group 5) . The vaccinated chickens were kept in ABSL3 (Animal Biological Safety Level 3) facilities.
[0214] Three weeks (21 days) after vaccination, chickens were challenged by nasal drop with LN155 challenge virus and 14079 challenge virus in two separate challenge experiments. The challenge dose for each chicken was 300 LD50 / 0.1ml / chicken. Chickens were monitored for two weeks post challenge, and mortality and morbidity of the chickens were recorded daily. Cotton swabs of oral and cloacal from each chicken were collected at 5 days post challenge (dpc) .
[0215] The evaluation of protection efficacy against each of the challenge virus was based on the following criteria: 1) whether 100%vaccinated chickens will survive during the two weeks of monitoring period (0%mortality) . 2) whether 100%vaccinated chickens will have no detectable clinical symptoms during the two weeks of monitoring period (0%morbidity) . The clinical symptoms of a highly pathogenic avian influenza virus include insufficient spirits, rough feathers, significantly reduced appetite, coughing, secretions from the nose and eyes, swelling of the face, cyanosis, diarrhea, neurological symptoms. The appearance of at least these clinical symptoms was used for the calculation of morbidity. 3) whether 100%vaccinated chickens will have no virus shedding (both oral and cloacal) by testing the samples on 5 days post challenge when most chickens show peak amount of AIV virus shedding.
[0216] Table 1-Protection efficacy of the immunogenic composition of the invention in H5 challenge experiment
[0217] Table 2-Protection efficacy of the immunogenic composition of the invention in H7 challenge experiment
[0218] It was shown in Tables 1 and 2 that chickens vaccinated by the immunogenic composition of the invention showed not mortality and morbidity, even with the vaccinated volume as low as 0.05 ml, and also showed no virus shedding from oral and cloacal ways on 5 dpc after being infected by HPAI H7 and H5 viruses. By contrast, chickens vaccinated with the commercial vaccine showed virus shedding from cloacal way in the H7 challenge experiment.
[0219] Example 5. Effects of different manufacture processes on the protection efficacies of immunogenic compositions
[0220] 5.1 Effects of different manufacture processes on the protection efficacy of an immunogenic composition comprising the H7 HA protein
[0221] The protection efficacies of two immunogenic compositions comprising the H7 HA proteins prepared by different manufacture processes were studied in the example. Specifically, the harvested whole cell culture suspension as described in the example 1 were divided into two groups (Groups 1 and 2) , and each group was further subjected to the steps of sonication and inactivation by different inactivating agents, without a step of centrifugation.
[0222] In the Group 1, cell culture suspension after infection was subject to sonication for 15 min with sonicate for 5 second and pause for 5 second. The volume for sonication is 800-1000 ml, with 25mm tip and 40%amplitude. During sonication, the temperature is controlled under 25℃ and the suspension is mixed with magnetic stirrer. After sonication, the supernatant is then subjected to BEI inactivation with 10 mM BEI at 37 ℃ with 120 rpm. After inactivation, BEI is neutralized by addition of 2 ml of 1 M sodium thiosulfate solution and mixing for 30 min. Then, the cell culture suspension was formulated into a water-in-oil emulsion with the adjuvant as described in the example 3.
[0223] In the Group 2, cell culture suspension after infection was subject to sonication for 15 min with sonicate for 5 second and pause for 5 second. The volume for sonication is 800-1000 ml, with 25mm tip and 40%amplitude. During sonication, the temperature is controlled under 25℃ and the suspension is mixed with magnetic stirrer. After sonication the supernatant is then subjected to formaldehyde inactivation with 1.5%at 27 ℃ with 120 rpm. After inactivation, formaldehyde is neutralized by addition of 2 ml of 1 M sodium thiosulfate solution and mixing for 30 min. Then, the cell culture suspension was formulated into a water-in-oil emulsion with the adjuvant as described in the example 3.
[0224] The commercial product of YeBIO’s H5 and H7 trivalent vaccine (Manufactured by QINGDAO YeBIO Co., Ltd., Cat no: 222816000) was used as positive control group.
[0225] 12 SPF chickens were included for each of the immunization groups (Groups 1 and 2) , the positive control group (Group 3) and the blank control group (Group 4) .
[0226] The protection efficacy tests were the same as the above example 3.
[0227] Table 3-Protection efficacy of the immunogenic compositions comprising only H7 HA protein prepared by different processes
[0228] It was shown in Table 3 that chickens vaccinated with the immunogenic compositions of the group 1 and group 2 showed virus shedding. It suggests that the combined processes of sonication and centrifugation further increases the protection efficacy of the immunogenic composition.
[0229] 5.2 Effects of a different manufacture process on the protection efficacy of an immunogenic composition comprising the H5 HA protein
[0230] The protection efficacy of an immunogenic composition comprising the H5 HA protein prepared by a different manufacture process was also studied. Specifically, the harvested whole cell culture suspension as described in the example 2 was harvested and was directly subjected to the step of BEI inactivation, without steps of sonication and centrifugation. After inactivation, BEI is neutralized by addition of 2 ml of 1 M sodium thiosulfate solution and mixing for 30 min. Then, the cell culture suspension was formulated into a water-in-oil emulsion with the adjuvant as described in the example 3.
[0231] The commercial product of YeBIO’s H5 and H7 trivalent vaccine was used as positive control group.
[0232] 11 SPF chickens were included for the immunization groups (Group 1) , and 10 SPF chickens were included for the positive control group (Group 2) and the blank control group (Group 3) .
[0233] The protection efficacy tests were the same as the above example 3.
[0234] Table 4-Protection efficacy of the immunogenic composition comprising only H5 HA protein prepared by different process.
[0235] It was shown in Table 4 that chickens vaccinated with the immunogenic composition of Group 1 showed virus shedding, which also suggests that sonication and centrifugation processes further increases the protection efficacy.
[0236] Sequence Information
[0237] SEQ ID NO: 1 The amino acid sequence of H7Con3 protein
[0238]
[0239] SEQ ID NO: 2 The amino acid sequence of H7Con2 protein
[0240]
[0241] SEQ ID NO: 3 The amino acid sequence of H5Con5Mut protein
[0242]
[0243] SEQ ID NO: 4: The optimized nucleic acid sequence of H7Con3 (without the signal peptide coding sequence)
[0244]
[0245] SEQ ID NO: 5: The optimized nucleic acid sequence of H7Con3 including the signal peptide encoding sequence (the underlined sequence of the first 54 nucleotides encodes a signal peptide)
[0246]
[0247] SEQ ID NO: 6: The optimized nucleic acid sequence of H7Con2 (without the signal peptide coding sequence)
[0248]
[0249] SEQ ID NO: 7: The optimized nucleic acid sequence of H7Con2 including the signal peptide encoding sequence (the underlined sequence of the first 54 nucleotides encodes a signal peptide)
[0250]
[0251] SEQ ID NO: 8: The optimized nucleic acid sequence of H5Con5Mut (without the signal peptide coding sequence)
[0252]
[0253] SEQ ID NO: 9: The optimized nucleic acid sequence of H5Con5Mut including the signal peptide encoding sequence (the underlined sequence of the first 48 nucleotides encodes a signal peptide)
[0254]
[0255] SEQ ID NO: 10 The optimized nucleic acid sequence of H7Con3pSeL
[0256]
Claims
1.An immunogenic composition comprising a hemagglutinin protein of avian influenza virus H7 subtype (AIV H7 HA protein) and a hemagglutinin protein of avian influenza virus H5 subtype (AIV H5 HA protein) .2.The immunogenic composition of claim 1, wherein the avian influenza virus H7 subtype is the avian influenza virus H7N9, and / or the avian influenza virus H5 subtype is the avian influenza virus H5N1.3.The immunogenic composition of claim 1 or 2, wherein the AIV H7 HA protein comprises or consists of an amino acid sequence which is selected from the group consisting of:i) an amino acid sequence having at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%or 100%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, andii) an amino acid sequence having at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%or 100%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2.4.The immunogenic composition of claim 1 or 2, wherein the AIV H5 HA protein comprises or consists of an amino acid sequence having at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%or 100%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3.5.The immunogenic composition of any one of claims 1 to 4,wherein the AIV H7 HA protein comprises or consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO:1, and the AIV H5 HA protein comprises or consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO:3; orwherein the AIV H7 HA protein comprises or consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO:2, and the AIV H5 HA protein comprises or consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO:3.6.The immunogenic composition of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the AIV H7 HA protein and the AIV H5 HA protein are the only two avian influenza antigen components contained in the immunogenic composition; or wherein the immunogenic composition does not comprise other AIV H7 proteins and AIV H5 proteins than the AIV H7 HA protein and the AIV H5 HA protein.7.The immunogenic composition of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the AIV H7 HA protein and the AIV H5 HA protein are a recombinant hemagglutinin protein, respectively; preferably, the recombinant hemagglutinin protein is produced by a baculovirus-based system.8.The immunogenic composition of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the AIV H7 HA protein and the AIV H5 HA protein are contained in a mixture of cell culture supernatants which is obtainable or obtained by a method comprising the following steps:(i) infecting insect cells with a recombinant baculovirus comprising a nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H7 HA protein;(ii) infecting insect cells with a recombinant baculovirus comprising a nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H5 HA protein;(iii) culturing the insect cells (i) and (ii) in culture media, and harvesting whole cell culture suspensions of the infected cells (i) and (ii) , respectively;(iv) sonicating the whole cell culture suspensions of the infected cells (i) and (ii) , and centrifuging the sonicated whole cell culture suspensions of infected cells (ii) and (ii) to obtain the cell culture supernatants, respectively;(v) treating the cell culture supernatants of the infected cells (i) and (ii) with an inactivating agent to inactivate the baculoviruses, respectively; and(vi) mixing the centrifugated, sonicated and inactivated cell culture supernatants of the infected cells (i) and (ii) to obtain a mixture of the cell culture supernatants.9.The immunogenic composition of claim 8, wherein prior to the step (i) , the method further comprises a step of preparing a recombinant baculovirus comprising a nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H7 HA protein or the AIV H5 HA protein.10.The immunogenic composition of any one of claims 8 to 9, wherein the nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H7 HA protein comprises or consists of the nucleotide sequence as set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 4 to 7, and the nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H5 HA protein comprises or consists of the nucleotide sequence as set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 8 and 9.11.The immunogenic composition of any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein in the step (iv) , the inactivation agent is formaldehyde or binary ethylenimine.12.The immunogenic composition of any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the immunogenic composition further comprises an adjuvant; preferably, wherein the immunogenic composition is formulated into a water-in-oil emulsion with an adjuvant, such as MONTANIDETM ISA 71R VG.13.An immunogenic composition comprising a mixture of a cell culture supernatant containing a hemagglutinin protein of avian influenza virus H7 subtype (AIV H7 HA protein) and a cell culture supernatant containing a hemagglutinin protein of avian influenza virus H5 subtype (AIV H5 HA protein) ; wherein the mixture of the cell culture supernatants is obtainable or obtained by a method comprising the following steps:(i) infecting insect cells with a recombinant baculovirus comprising a nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H7 HA protein;(ii) infecting insect cells with a recombinant baculovirus comprising a nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H5 HA protein;(iii) culturing the insect cells (i) and (ii) in culture media, and harvesting whole cell culture suspensions of the infected cells (i) and (ii) , respectively;(iv) sonicating the whole cell culture suspensions of the infected cells (i) and (ii) , and centrifuging the sonicated whole cell culture suspensions of infected cells (ii) and (ii) to obtain the cell culture supernatants, respectively;(v) treating the cell culture supernatants of the infected cells (i) and (ii) with an inactivating agent to inactivate the baculoviruses, respectively; and(vi) mixing the centrifugated, sonicated and inactivated cell culture supernatants of the infected cells (i) and (ii) to obtain a mixture of the cell culture supernatants.14.The immunogenic composition of claim 13, wherein prior to the step (i) , the method further comprises a step of preparing a recombinant baculovirus comprising a nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H7 HA protein or the AIV H5 HA protein.15.The immunogenic composition of claim 13 or 14, wherein the avian influenza virus H7 subtype is the avian influenza virus H7N9, and / or the avian influenza virus H5 subtype is the avian influenza virus H5N1.16.The immunogenic composition of any one of claims 13 to 15, wherein the AIV H7 HA protein comprises or consists of an amino acid sequence which is selected from the group consisting of:i) an amino acid sequence having at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%or 100%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, andii) an amino acid sequence having at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%or 100%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2.17.The immunogenic composition of any one of claims 13 to 15, wherein the AIV H5 HA protein comprises or consists of an amino acid sequence having at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%or 100%sequence identity to the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3.18.The immunogenic composition of any one of claims 13 to 17,wherein the AIV H7 HA protein comprises or consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO:1, and the AIV H5 HA protein comprises or consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO:3; orwherein the AIV H7 HA protein comprises or consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO:2, and the AIV H5 HA protein comprises or consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO:3.19.The immunogenic composition of any one of claims 13 to 18, wherein the nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H7 HA protein comprises or consists of the nucleotide sequence as set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 4 to 7, and the nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H5 HA protein comprises or consists of the nucleotide sequence as set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 8 to 9.20.The immunogenic composition of any one of claims 13 to 19, wherein in the step (iv) , the inactivation agent is formaldehyde or binary ethylenimine.21.The immunogenic composition of any one of claims 13 to 20, wherein the immunogenic composition further comprises an adjuvant; preferably, wherein the immunogenic composition is formulated into a water-in-oil emulsion with an adjuvant, such as MONTANIDETM ISA 71R VG.22.A method of preparing an immunogenic composition of any one of claims 13 to 21, comprising the following steps:(i) infecting insect cells with a recombinant baculovirus comprising a nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H7 HA protein;(ii) infecting insect cells with a recombinant baculovirus comprising a nucleic acid molecule encoding the AIV H5 HA protein;(iii) culturing the insect cells (i) and (ii) in culture media, and harvesting whole cell culture suspensions of the infected cells (i) and (ii) , respectively;(iv) sonicating the whole cell culture suspensions of the infected cells (i) and (ii) , and centrifuging the sonicated whole cell culture suspensions of infected cells (ii) and (ii) to obtain the cell culture supernatants, respectively;(v) treating the cell culture supernatants of the infected cells (i) and (ii) with an inactivating agent to inactivate the baculoviruses, respectively;(vi) mixing the centrifugated, sonicated and inactivated cell culture supernatants of the infected cells (i) and (ii) to obtain a mixture of the cell culture supernatants, and(vii) optionally, adding an adjuvant into the mixture of the cell culture supernatants.23.A method for prevention and / or treatment of infections in an animal caused by an avian influenza virus H7 subtype and / or an avian influenza virus H5 subtype, or for reducing clinical signs in an animal caused by infections of an avian influenza virus H7 subtype and / or an avian influenza virus H5 subtype, or for reducing mortality, morbidity and / or virus shedding in an animal caused by infections of an avian influenza virus H7 subtype and / or an avian influenza virus H5 subtype, comprising administering the immunogenic composition of any one of claims 1 to 21, or the immunogenic composition prepared by the method of claim 22 to the animal;preferably, the avian influenza virus H7 subtype is H7N9 avian influenza virus, and / or the avian influenza virus H5 subtype is H5N1 avian influenza virus.24.Use the immunogenic composition of any one of claims 1 to 21, or the immunogenic composition prepared by the method of claim 22 in a method for the prevention and / or treatment of infections in an animal caused by an avian influenza virus H7 subtype and / or an avian influenza virus H5 subtype, or for reducing clinical signs in an animal caused by infections of an avian influenza virus H7 subtype and / or an avian influenza virus H5 subtype, or for reducing mortality, morbidity and / or virus shedding in an animal caused by infections of an avian influenza virus H7 subtype and / or an avian influenza virus H5 subtype, comprising administering the immunogenic composition of any one of claims 1 to 21, or the immunogenic composition prepared by the method of claim 22 to the animal;preferably, the avian influenza virus H7 subtype is H7N9 avian influenza virus, and / or the avian influenza virus H5 subtype is H5N1 avian influenza virus.25.The immunogenic composition of any one of claims 1 to 21, or the immunogenic composition prepared by the method of claim 22 for use in a method for the prevention and / or treatment of infections in an animal caused by an avian influenza virus H7 subtype and / or an avian influenza virus H5 subtype, or for use in a methods of reducing clinical signs in an animal caused by infections of an avian influenza virus H7 subtype and / or an avian influenza virus H5 subtype, or use in a method for reducing mortality, morbidity and / or virus shedding in an animal caused by infections of an avian influenza virus H7 subtype and / or an avian influenza virus H5 subtype, comprising administering the immunogenic composition of any one of claims 1 to 21, or the immunogenic composition prepared by the method of claim 22 to the animal;preferably, the avian influenza virus H7 subtype is H7N9 avian influenza virus, and / or the avian influenza virus H5 subtype is H5N1 avian influenza virus.26.An immunogenic composition comprising a hemagglutinin protein of avian influenza virus H7 subtype (AIV H7 HA protein) and an immunogenic composition comprising a hemagglutinin protein of avian influenza virus H5 subtype (AIV H5 HA protein) for use in a method for the prevention and / or treatment of infections in an animal caused by an avian influenza virus H7 subtype and / or an avian influenza virus H5 subtype, or for use in a methods of reducing clinical signs in an animal caused by infections of an avian influenza virus H7 subtype and / or an avian influenza virus H5 subtype, or use in a method for reducing mortality, morbidity and / or virus shedding in an animal caused by infections of an avian influenza virus H7 subtype and / or an avian influenza virus H5 subtype, comprising administering the immunogenic composition comprising the AIV H7 HA protein and the immunogenic composition comprising the AIV H5 HA protein to the animal, wherein the AIV H7 HA protein and the AIV H5 HA protein are as defined by any one of claims 3 to 21;preferably, the avian influenza virus H7 subtype is H7N9 avian influenza virus, and / or the avian influenza virus H5 subtype is H5N1 avian influenza virus.27.The method of claim 23, use of claim 24, or the immunogenic composition of claim 25 or 26,wherein the animal is subjected to single, two or multiple dose of administration of the immunogenic composition in a range from about 0.01 ml to about 0.5 ml; and / orwherein the animal is at day 1 of age or later, at day 7 of age or later, at day 10 of age or later, at day 15 of age or later, or at day 21 of age or later; and / orwherein the animal is administrated via a subcutaneous route; and / orwherein the animal is poultry; preferably the animal is selected from a group consisting of bird, chicken, duck, goose, pigeon, and turkey;preferably, chicken at about day 21 of age is subcutaneously administered with the 0.3 ml of the immunogenic composition.
Citation Information
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