Photovoltaic module

Abstract

Disclosed in the present application is a photovoltaic module, comprising a plurality of cell strings and electrical connectors, wherein the electrical connectors are disposed on the back of the cell strings, and the electrical connectors at least partially overlap cells at end portions of the cell strings; an insulating layer is provided on the side of the electrical connectors facing the cells; the electrical connectors are electrically connected to the corresponding cells by means of electrical members; and in a direction perpendicular to the back of the cell strings, the orthographic projection area of each of connection portions between the electrical connectors and the electrical members is a first area, the orthographic projection area of each of the electrical connectors is a second area, and the ratio of the first area to the second area is greater than or equal to 0.8 or less than or equal to 0.2. In this way, insulating isolation between the electrical connectors and the cells is ensured, and the impact of the provision of the electrical connectors on the layout of the plurality of cell strings can also be avoided, thereby making the structure of the photovoltaic module more compact; and full utilization of the area of the front of the photovoltaic module is facilitated, thereby improving the efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

Description

A photovoltaic module

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202421731694.1, filed on July 19, 2024, entitled "A Photovoltaic Module", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application belongs to the field of photovoltaic technology, specifically relating to a photovoltaic module. Background Technology

[0003] With the continuous development of photovoltaic technology, maximizing the conversion efficiency of solar photovoltaic modules has always been a key research focus. Existing photovoltaic modules involve arranging the cells first, requiring space to be reserved in the middle and on both sides of the entire cell array for welding busbars. This prevents the front of the photovoltaic module from being fully covered with cells, resulting in underutilization of the front space and light-receiving area. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a photovoltaic module that aims to partially or completely solve the problem in existing photovoltaic modules where space needs to be reserved in the middle and both sides of the entire cell for welding busbars, resulting in underutilization of the space and light-receiving area on the front of the module. To solve the above-mentioned technical problem, this application achieves the following:

[0005] This application discloses a photovoltaic module, comprising: a plurality of battery strings and an electrical connector; the electrical connector is disposed on the back side of the battery strings, and the electrical connector at least partially overlaps with the battery cells at the end of the battery strings; the electrical connector has an insulating layer on the side facing the battery cells; the electrical connector and the corresponding battery cells are electrically connected by electrical components, and along a direction perpendicular to the back side of the battery strings, the orthographic projection area of ​​the connection portion between the electrical connector and the electrical components is a first area, the orthographic projection area of ​​the electrical connector is a second area, and the ratio of the first area to the second area is greater than or equal to 0.8 or less than or equal to 0.2.

[0006] Optionally, the plurality of electrical connectors include a first connector and a second connector; the first connector is disposed near the center of the photovoltaic module and connects at least two oppositely disposed battery strings; the second connector is disposed near both sides of the photovoltaic module and connects at least two adjacent battery strings.

[0007] Optionally, there are multiple first connectors, which are arranged sequentially at intervals, with the spacing between two adjacent first connectors being 6mm-16mm.

[0008] And / or, the second connector is provided in multiple ways, and the multiple second connectors are arranged sequentially at intervals, with the distance between two adjacent second connectors being 1mm-10mm.

[0009] Optionally, along the length of the photovoltaic module, the spacing between two adjacent battery strings is D1, and the spacing between two adjacent cells in the battery string is D2, satisfying: 0mm≤|D2-D1|≤10mm;

[0010] And / or, along the length direction of the photovoltaic module, the spacing between two adjacent cell strings is D1, which satisfies: 0mm≤D1≤5mm;

[0011] And / or, along the length of the photovoltaic module, the spacing between two adjacent cells in the cell string is D2, satisfying: 0mm≤|D2|≤5mm.

[0012] Optionally, along the width direction of the photovoltaic module, the length of the insulating layer is greater than or equal to the length of the electrical connector;

[0013] And / or, along the length of the photovoltaic module, the width of the insulating layer is greater than or equal to the width of the electrical connector;

[0014] And / or, along the length of the photovoltaic module, the insulating layer is provided with one or more.

[0015] Optionally, the electrical component is formed by a conductive layer disposed on the back plate of the photovoltaic module, the back plate being disposed on the side of the electrical connector opposite to the battery string; the electrical connector is connected to the conductive layer, and an electrical connection portion is provided on the back of the battery cell, the electrical connection portion being electrically connected to the conductive layer.

[0016] Optionally, along a direction perpendicular to the back of the battery string, the projected area of ​​the insulating layer is a third area, and the ratio of the first area to the third area is greater than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 1.0.

[0017] Optionally, the back of the battery string is provided with a plurality of electrical components, and the insulating layer is provided with a plurality of openings, wherein the electrical components at the openings are electrically connected to the electrical connectors.

[0018] Optionally, along a direction perpendicular to the back of the battery string, the projected area of ​​the insulating layer is a third area, and the ratio of the first area to the third area is greater than or equal to 0.01 and less than or equal to 0.18.

[0019] Optionally, the insulating layer includes a plurality of spaced-apart insulating portions, with the opening formed between two adjacent insulating portions; and / or, along the length of the photovoltaic module, at least one side of the insulating layer is provided with a plurality of the openings.

[0020] Optionally, when multiple openings are provided on both sides of the insulating layer, the openings on both sides of the insulating layer are aligned or staggered.

[0021] Optionally, the electrical connector located near the center of the photovoltaic module is a first connector; the cells on both sides of the first connector are provided with a first electrical component and a second electrical component with opposite conductivity types, the first connector is connected to the first electrical component at the opening, and the second electrical component is disconnected from the first connector;

[0022] Wherein, along the length direction of the photovoltaic module, the distance between the two first electrical components located on both sides of the first connector is d1, the width of the electrical connector is D3, and the width of the insulating layer is D4, satisfying: d1 < D3 < D4.

[0023] Optionally, the ratio of the distance d1 between the two first electrical components located on both sides of the first connector to the width D4 of the insulating layer is greater than a preset value.

[0024] In this application, by placing the electrical connector on the back of the battery string, the electrical connector at least partially overlaps with the corresponding battery cell, and an insulating layer is provided on the side of the electrical connector facing the battery cell. The projected area of ​​the connection portion between the electrical connector and the battery cell is a first area, and the projected area of ​​the electrical connector is a second area. The ratio of the first area to the second area is greater than or equal to 0.8 or less than or equal to 0.2. This ensures insulation between the electrical connector and the battery cell while avoiding the impact of the electrical connector on the arrangement of multiple battery strings, resulting in a more compact photovoltaic module structure. This allows for full utilization of the front area of ​​the photovoltaic module, improving its efficiency. Furthermore, by rationally setting the size of the connection portion between the electrical connector and the battery cell, both the connection performance between the electrical connector and the battery cell and the insulating layer's role in insulation between the electrical connector and the battery cell are considered.

[0025] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the front structure of a photovoltaic module in the prior art;

[0028] Figure 2 is a front view of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 3 is an enlarged view of part A circled in Figure 2;

[0030] Figure 4 is an enlarged view of part B circled in Figure 2;

[0031] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of another photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of the photovoltaic module in Figure 6 at the connection between the cell string and the electrical connector.

[0034] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between an electrical connector and an electrical component according to an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of another connection structure between an electrical connector and an electrical component according to an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between an electrical connector and an electrical component according to an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 11 is a structural schematic diagram of an electrical connector according to an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 12 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the electrical connector at the weld joint according to an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 13 is a second schematic diagram of the structure of the electrical connector at the weld joint according to an embodiment of this application.

[0040] Reference numerals: 100: Battery string; 100a: Back side; 101: Battery cell; 102: Busbar; 200: Electrical connector; 201: Body; 202: Solder flux layer; 210: First connector; 220: Second connector; 300: Insulating layer; 301: Opening; 310: Insulating part; 400: Electrical component; 401: Conductive layer; 410: First electrical component; 420: Second electrical component; 510: Backplate; 520: First film layer; 530: Second film layer; 540: Front glass. Specific Implementation

[0041] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail. Examples of these embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0042] The terms "first" and "second" in the specification and claims of this application may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more. Furthermore, "and / or" in the specification and claims indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0043] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0044] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0045] As shown in Figure 1, in existing photovoltaic modules, multiple solar cells 101 are connected in series to form a cell string 100, and then the multiple cell strings 100 are arranged to form a complete cell layer. Typically, areas for welding busbars 102 need to be reserved in the middle and on both sides of the complete cell layer to accommodate the busbars 102. To avoid short-circuiting between the busbars 102 and the solar cells 101, the busbars 102 and the cell strings need to be staggered by a certain distance. This results in the busbars 102 requiring a large amount of space, making it impossible to cover the front of the photovoltaic module (at least the light-receiving surface) with solar cells 101 as much as possible, thus failing to fully utilize the front light-receiving area of ​​the photovoltaic module. To solve the above problems, this application provides a photovoltaic module.

[0046] As shown in Figures 2 to 7, a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of this application includes: a plurality of battery strings 100 and electrical connectors 200 (including a first connector 210 in Figure 3 and a second connector 220 in Figure 4); the electrical connectors 200 are disposed on the back side of the battery strings 100 (i.e., at least the backlight side), and the electrical connectors 200 at least partially overlap with the corresponding battery cells 101; an insulating layer 300 is provided on the side of the electrical connectors 200 facing the battery cells 101; the electrical connectors 200 and the corresponding battery cells 101 are electrically connected through electrical components 400, and along a direction perpendicular to the back side of the battery strings 100, the orthographic projection area of ​​the connection portion between the electrical connectors 200 and the electrical components 400 is a first area, and the orthographic projection area of ​​the electrical connectors 200 is a second area, the ratio of the first area to the second area is greater than or equal to 0.8 or less than or equal to 0.2.

[0047] In this embodiment, by placing the electrical connector 200 on the back of the battery string 100, the electrical connector 200 at least partially overlaps with the corresponding battery cell 101. An insulating layer 300 is provided on the side of the electrical connector 200 facing the battery cell 101. This ensures insulation between the electrical connector 200 and the battery cell 101 while avoiding any impact on the arrangement of the multiple battery strings 100. This results in a more compact photovoltaic module structure, allowing for full utilization of the front light-receiving area and improving module efficiency. Furthermore, by appropriately setting the size of the connection portion between the electrical connector 200 and the electrical component 400, both the connection performance between the electrical connector 200 and the electrical component 400 and the insulating layer 300's role in insulating between the electrical connector 200 and the battery cell 101 are considered.

[0048] Specifically, the photovoltaic module includes multiple cell strings 100, and each cell string 100 includes multiple spaced-apart cells 101. Adjacent cells 101 can be connected by an electrical component 400. Furthermore, an electrical connector 200 is provided on the back side of the cell string 100, such that the electrical connector 200 at least partially overlaps with the cells 101 at the end of the cell string 100, and an insulating layer 300 is provided between the electrical connector 200 and the cells 101 to provide insulation between them.

[0049] Furthermore, the battery cells 101 at the end of the battery string 100 are electrically connected to the electrical connector 200 via the electrical component 400, thereby realizing the connection and current-charging function of the electrical connector 200 to the battery string 100. The electrical connector 200 can be a busbar, and the electrical component 400 can be connected to the side of the electrical connector 200 facing the battery string 100, or it can be connected to the side of the electrical connector 200 away from the battery string 100.

[0050] Furthermore, depending on the different connection positions between the electrical component 400 and the electrical connector 200, the area of ​​the connection portion between the electrical connector 200 and the electrical component 400 is set accordingly. This is to ensure the connection performance between the electrical component 400 and the electrical connector 200 while reducing the impact of the connection portion on the insulation layer 300, thereby taking into account the insulation and isolation performance between the electrical connector 200 and the battery cell 101.

[0051] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 6 and 7, when the electrical component 400 and the electrical connector 200 are connected to the side facing the battery string 100, that is, when the connection portion of the electrical component 400 and the electrical connector 200 and the insulating layer 300 are both located on the side of the electrical connector 200 facing the battery string 100, the ratio of the first area to the second area is set to be less than or equal to 0.2. For example, the ratio of the first area to the second area can be set to 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, etc., and can be reasonably set according to the actual situation. At this time, while ensuring the connection strength between the electrical component 400 and the electrical connector 200, the area of ​​the connection portion between the electrical component 400 and the electrical connector 200 is minimized as much as possible, thereby reducing the impact of the connection portion on the setting of the insulating layer 300.

[0052] Understandably, since the connection portion between the electrical component 400 and the electrical connector 200 is higher than the surface of the electrical connector 200, the insulating layer 300 can be placed around this portion. Otherwise, this portion would be much higher than other parts, which would lead to the risk of microcracks in the solar cells during module lamination. However, if the insulating layer 300 is placed around the connection portion, it would affect the area of ​​the insulating layer 300 on the surface of the electrical connector 200, thereby affecting the insulation effect of the insulating layer 300.

[0053] In other embodiments, as shown in FIG5, when the electrical component 400 (i.e., 401 in FIG5) is connected to the side of the electrical connector 200 away from the battery string 100, that is, when the connection portion of the electrical component 400 and the electrical connector 200 and the insulating layer 300 are respectively located on both sides of the electrical connector 200, the ratio of the first area to the second area is set to be greater than or equal to 0.8. For example, the ratio of the first area to the second area can be set to: 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.1, 1.3, etc., and of course, it can be reasonably set according to the actual situation. The side of the electrical connector 200 facing the battery cell 101 can partially or completely cover the insulating layer 300, while the other side of the electrical connector 200 is electrically connected to the electrical component 400. By increasing the area of ​​the connection portion between the electrical component 400 and the electrical connector 200, the connection strength and reliability between the electrical component 400 and the electrical connector 200 can be improved.

[0054] In some embodiments, the insulating layer 300 is made of insulating film, insulating adhesive, or insulating tape, etc. It can be formed by laying insulating film or insulating tape on the surface of electrical connector 200, or by coating an insulating adhesive layer on the surface of electrical connector 200. Of course, other materials can also be used, which are not limited here.

[0055] Optionally, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, the photovoltaic module includes a plurality of electrical connectors 200, which include a first connector 210 and a second connector 220. The first connector 210 is disposed near the center of the photovoltaic module and connects at least two oppositely disposed battery strings 100. The second connector 220 is disposed near both sides of the photovoltaic module and connects at least two adjacent battery strings 100.

[0056] Specifically, the photovoltaic module has two oppositely arranged long sides and two oppositely arranged short sides, wherein the length of the long sides is greater than the length of the short sides, and the extension direction of the long sides is the length direction (X) of the photovoltaic module, and the extension direction of the short sides is the width direction (Y) of the photovoltaic module.

[0057] Furthermore, along the length direction X, two or three rows of electrical connectors 200 can be arranged in the photovoltaic module to form multiple electrical connectors 200. The connectors located on both sides of the photovoltaic module are second connectors 220, and the connector located in the middle is a first connector 210. Each side of the first connector 210 has a battery string 100, and the first connector 210 is electrically connected to the battery strings 100 on both sides. Each side of the second connector 220 has a battery string 100, and the second connector 220 connects two adjacent battery strings 100. Thus, multiple battery strings 100 can be connected in series and / or in parallel through the first connector 210 and the second connector 220, thereby collecting and extracting the current from each battery string.

[0058] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG11, the electrical connector 200 includes a body 201 and flux layers 202 attached to opposite sides of the body 201. When the electrical connector 200 is electrically connected to the electrical component 400, welding can be used, such as laser welding, electromagnetic welding, or soldering, to melt the flux layers 202 to connect the electrical connector 200 and the electrical component 400 together.

[0059] Specifically, along the direction perpendicular to the back of the battery string 100, the orthographic projection area of ​​the electrical connector 200 refers to the orthographic projection area of ​​the body 201 in the electrical connector 200, and the orthographic projection area of ​​the connection between the electrical connector 200 and the electrical component 400 refers to the orthographic projection area of ​​the welded structure formed after the flux layer 202 in the electrical connector 200 and the electrical component 400 are fused together.

[0060] It is understandable that, as shown in Figures 12 and 13, when the electrical connector 200 is welded and fixed to the electrical component 400, the projected area of ​​the welded structure formed (i.e., the shaded area in the figure) will be somewhat different from the projected area of ​​the body 201 in the electrical connector 200 (i.e., the rectangular area in the figure).

[0061] In some embodiments, the width of the electrical connector 200 can be set to 1mm to 10mm, for example, 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 5mm, 6mm, 8mm, 10mm, etc.

[0062] In some embodiments, the thickness of the electrical connector 200 can be set to 0.01mm to 1mm, for example, 0.01mm, 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.5mm, 0.7mm, 1mm, etc.

[0063] In this embodiment of the application, by setting the range of values ​​for the width and thickness of the electrical connector 200, the electrical connector 200 is ensured to have a certain structural strength and conductivity, thereby enabling the connection and current merging function between multiple battery strings 100.

[0064] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, the photovoltaic module is provided with a plurality of first connectors 210. The plurality of first connectors 210 may be the same or different. The plurality of first connectors 210 are arranged sequentially at intervals along the width direction Y parallel to the photovoltaic module, and the spacing between two adjacent first connectors 210 is 6mm-16mm. For example, it can be set to 6mm, 7mm, 9mm, 10mm, 12mm, 15mm, 16mm, etc.

[0065] By setting the spacing range between two adjacent first connectors 210, space is reserved at the end of the first connector 210 to set the lead wire, while avoiding short circuits caused by the two first connectors 210 being too close together, and also avoiding wasted space due to excessive spacing between the first connectors 210.

[0066] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 2 and 4, there are multiple second connectors 220. These multiple second connectors 220 may be the same or different. The multiple second connectors 220 are arranged sequentially at intervals along the width direction Y parallel to the photovoltaic module. The spacing between two adjacent second connectors 220 is 1mm-10mm. For example, it can be set to 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 5mm, 8mm, 9mm, 10mm, etc.

[0067] By setting the spacing range between two adjacent second connectors 220, a certain space is reserved for setting lead wires at the ends of the second connectors 220, while avoiding short circuits caused by the two second connectors 220 being too close together, and also avoiding wasted space due to excessive spacing between the second connectors 220.

[0068] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG3, along the length direction X of the photovoltaic module, the spacing between two adjacent battery strings 100 is D1, and the spacing between two adjacent battery cells 101 in the battery string 100 is D2, satisfying: 0mm≤|D2-D1|≤10mm. For example, |D2-D1| can be set to: 0mm, 0.5mm, 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm, 10mm, etc.

[0069] In this embodiment of the application, by setting the spacing between two adjacent battery strings 100 and the spacing between two adjacent battery cells 101 in the battery string 100 in a coordinated manner, the spacing between battery strings 100 is appropriately increased while ensuring the compactness of the entire battery layer layout, so as to avoid short circuit between two battery strings 100.

[0070] In some embodiments, along the length direction X of the photovoltaic module, the spacing between two adjacent cell strings 100 is D1, satisfying: 0mm ≤ D1 ≤ 5mm. For example, D1 can be set to 0mm, 0.5mm, 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, etc. Preferably, D1 can be set to 1mm, 2mm, or 3mm.

[0071] In some embodiments, along the length direction X of the photovoltaic module, the spacing between two adjacent solar cells 101 in the solar cell string 100 is D2, satisfying: 0mm ≤ |D2| ≤ 5mm. For example, the spacing D2 can be a positive value, a negative value, or 0mm. D2 can be set to -5mm, -4mm, -3mm, -2mm, -1mm, 0mm, 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, etc. Preferably, D2 can be set to -3mm, -2mm, -1mm, 1mm, 2mm, or 3mm.

[0072] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG3, the length of the insulating layer 300 along the width direction Y of the photovoltaic module is greater than or equal to the length of the electrical connector 200 (i.e., the first connector 210 in FIG3). By setting the length of the insulating layer 300 to be greater than or equal to the length of the electrical connector 200, the insulating layer 300 can cover the electrical connector 200 along the width direction Y, thereby providing isolation between the electrical connector 200 and the solar cell 101.

[0073] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG3, the width of the insulating layer 300 along the length direction X of the photovoltaic module is greater than or equal to the width of the electrical connector 200 (i.e., the first connector 210 in FIG3). By setting the width of the insulating layer 300 to be greater than or equal to the width of the electrical connector 200, the insulating layer 300 can cover the electrical connector 200 along the length direction X, thereby providing isolation between the electrical connector 200 and the solar cell 101.

[0074] Optionally, as shown in Figure 5, the electrical component 400 is formed by a conductive layer 401 disposed on the backsheet 510 of the photovoltaic module. The backsheet 510 is disposed on the side of the electrical connector 200 opposite to the battery string 100. The electrical connector 200 is connected to the conductive layer 401, and an electrical connection portion (not shown in the figure) is provided on the back side of the battery cell 101, which is electrically connected to the conductive layer 401. It can be understood that the electrical connection portion can be a pad disposed on the back side of the battery cell 101, and the pad is electrically connected to the electrode on the back side of the battery cell 101.

[0075] In a specific embodiment, the photovoltaic module may include a backsheet 510, on which a conductive layer 401 is laid. The conductive layer 401 is patterned to form the required circuit structure, namely electrical component 400. Then, electrical connectors 200 are respectively provided in the middle and on both sides of the conductive layer 401, and the electrical connectors 200 are welded and fixed to the conductive layer 401. An insulating layer 300 is provided on the side of the electrical connector 200 away from the conductive layer 401.

[0076] Then, multiple battery cells 101 are laid face down on top of the electrical connector 200. The battery cells 101 are electrically connected to the conductive layer 401 through the electrical connection part. In this way, the electrical connection between multiple battery cells 101 can be realized through the conductive layer 401 provided on the back plate 510. And the connection between the electrical connector 200 and the conductive layer 401 realizes the current collection function of the electrical connector 200 for multiple battery cells 101.

[0077] It is understood that by adopting the photovoltaic module structure of this application embodiment, the conductive layer 401 and the insulating layer 300 are respectively connected to the two opposite sides of the electrical connector 200, thus avoiding mutual interference between them. This not only facilitates the connection operation between the electrical connector 200 and the conductive layer 401, but also enhances the insulation and isolation effect between the electrical connector 200 and the cell 101.

[0078] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG5, when the conductive layer 401 is used as the electrical component 400, the projected area of ​​the insulating layer 300 along the direction perpendicular to the back side of the battery string 100 is the third area, and the ratio of the first area to the third area can be set to be greater than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 1.0.

[0079] Specifically, the ratio of the first area to the third area can be set to: 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, etc. By setting a reasonable ratio of the first area to the third area, both the connection strength and conductivity between the electrical connector 200 and the conductive layer 401 are ensured, and the insulating layer 300 provides insulation between the conductive layer 401 and the battery cell 101.

[0080] In some embodiments, the conductive layer 401 may be made of materials such as copper-aluminum, aluminum foil, copper foil plated with aluminum, copper foil plated with nickel, copper foil plated with tin, aluminum foil plated with copper, aluminum foil plated with tin, or aluminum foil plated with nickel. By setting the conductive layer 401 on the backplate 510, and then patterning the conductive layer 401 by etching or other methods, a preset circuit structure can be obtained.

[0081] In some embodiments, one insulating layer 300 may be provided, meaning that the insulating layer 300 can at least cover the back of all battery strings, serving to isolate the electrical connector 200 from the battery cell 101, and the conductive layer 401 from the battery cell 101. Alternatively, multiple insulating layers 300 may be provided, and multiple insulating elements may also be provided below each battery string. The insulating elements and insulating layers 300 may be similar or identical in design, and the insulating elements may be made of insulating film, insulating adhesive, or insulating tape, etc., and can be formed by laying insulating film or insulating tape on the surface below the battery cell 101. Other materials may also be used, which are not limited here, further serving to isolate the conductive layer 401 from the battery cell 101.

[0082] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 5 and 6, multiple insulating layers 300 may be provided, each insulating layer 300 serving as an isolation layer between the electrical connector 200 and the battery cell 101. The size of the insulating layer 300 can be adapted to the size of the battery cell; for example, the size of the insulating layer 300 can be equal to the size of the battery cell. Of course, the insulating layer 300 can also adopt other structural dimensional relationships, which are not limited here.

[0083] Optionally, as shown in Figures 6 and 7, the back side 100a of the battery string 100 is provided with a plurality of electrical components 400, and the insulating layer 300 is provided with a plurality of openings 301, wherein the electrical components 400 at the openings 301 are electrically connected to the electrical connectors 200.

[0084] In this embodiment, the electrical component 400 and the insulating layer 300 are disposed on the same side of the electrical connector 200. An opening 301 is provided in the insulating layer 300, exposing at least a portion of the electrical component 400, so that the electrical component 400 at the opening 301 can connect to the electrical connector 200. In the area outside the connection between the electrical component 400 and the electrical connector 200, the insulating layer 300 isolates the electrical connector 200 from the solar cell 101. This satisfies the function of the electrical connector 200 in connecting and merging the solar cell string 100, while reducing the space occupied by the electrical connector 200 in the solar cell 101 layout, thus improving the utilization rate of the front area of ​​the photovoltaic module.

[0085] In a specific embodiment, multiple battery cells 101 can be connected in series to form a battery string 100 using electrical components 400. Then, an electrical connector 200 is disposed on the back of the battery string 100, and an insulating layer 300 is disposed between the electrical connector 200 and the battery string 100. At the same time, an opening is provided in the insulating layer 300 so that the electrical component 400 at the opening can be connected to the electrical connector 200.

[0086] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG6, when the connection portion of the electrical component 400 and the electrical connector 200 and the insulating layer 300 are located on the same side of the electrical connector 200, the projected area of ​​the insulating layer 300 along the direction perpendicular to the back surface of the battery string 100 is a third area, and the ratio of the first area to the third area is set to be greater than or equal to 0.01 and less than or equal to 0.18. For example, the ratio can be set to 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.18, etc.

[0087] Therefore, by setting a range for the ratio of the first area to the second area, and simultaneously setting a range for the ratio of the first area to the third area, the connection strength and reliability of the electrical component 400 and the electrical connector 200, as well as the isolation effect of the insulation layer 300 between the electrical connector 200 and the battery cell 101, can be comprehensively considered, and the material cost of the insulation layer 300 can be appropriately controlled or reduced.

[0088] In some embodiments, the second area may be set to be less than or equal to the third area to ensure that the insulating layer 300 effectively shields and covers the surface of the electrical connector 200.

[0089] Optionally, as shown in FIG8, the insulating layer 300 includes a plurality of spaced-apart insulating portions 310, with the opening 301 formed between two adjacent insulating portions 310. By providing a plurality of spaced-apart insulating portions 310 between the back side of the battery cell 101 and the electrical connector 200, the insulating portions 310 form an insulating barrier between the battery cell 101 and the electrical connector 200, while exposing a portion of the electrical component 400 at the gap between two adjacent insulating portions 310, so that this portion of the electrical component 400 can be connected to the electrical connector 200, thereby realizing the current-carrying function of the electrical connector 200 for the battery cell 101. Exemplarily, multiple insulating portions 310 can be formed on the electrical connector 200, and the gap size between different insulating portions 310 can be the same or different, which is not limited here.

[0090] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 9 and 10, a plurality of openings 301 are provided on at least one side of the insulating layer 300 along the length direction X of the photovoltaic module. The insulating layer 300 in this embodiment is a continuous structure, and the electrical components 400 of the openings 301 are provided at intervals on one or both sides of the insulating layer 300 so that the electrical connectors 200 of the openings 301 can be connected.

[0091] In some embodiments, when multiple openings 301 are provided on both sides of the insulating layer 300, the openings 301 on both sides of the insulating layer 300 are aligned or staggered.

[0092] In a specific application, as shown in Figure 9, the electrical connector 200 located near the center of the photovoltaic module is the first connector 210. The insulating layer 300 corresponding to the first connector 210 has multiple openings 301 on both sides. By setting the openings 301 on both sides to be aligned or staggered, the electrical connection requirements between the first connector 210 and the solar cells 101 on both sides can be matched.

[0093] The alignment setting refers to the projections of the two openings 301 along the extension direction perpendicular to the first connector 210 (i.e., along the X direction) at least partially overlapping; the misalignment setting refers to the projections of the two openings 301 along the extension direction perpendicular to the first connector 210 (i.e., along the X direction) completely not overlapping.

[0094] In a specific embodiment, the battery cells 101 located on both sides of the first connector 210 are provided with two electrical components 400 of opposite conductivity types. The electrical component 400 connected to the first connector 210 is the first electrical component 410, and the electrical components 400 other than the first connector 210 are the second electrical components 420. The first electrical components 410 and the second electrical components 420 are arranged alternately. Furthermore, the first electrical components 410 on both sides of the first connector 210 are arranged either aligned or staggered so that the positions of the first electrical components 410 correspond to the openings 301 on the insulating layer 300.

[0095] In addition, the second electrical components 420 on both sides of the first connector 210 can be aligned or staggered to facilitate the structural layout of the first electrical component 410 and the second electrical component 420 on the battery cell 101.

[0096] Optionally, as shown in Figure 9, the electrical connector 200 located near the center of the photovoltaic module is a first connector 210; the battery cells 101 on both sides of the first connector 210 are provided with a first electrical component 410 and a second electrical component 420 with opposite conductivity types. The first connector 210 is connected to the first electrical component 410 at the opening 301, and the second electrical component 420 is disconnected from the first connector 210; wherein, along the length direction X of the photovoltaic module, the distance between the two first electrical components 410 on both sides of the first connector 210 is d1, the width of the electrical connector 200 is D3, and the width of the insulating layer 300 is D4, satisfying: d1 < D3 < D4.

[0097] In this embodiment of the application, by setting the distance d1 between the two first electrical components 410 that are opposite to each other on both sides of the first connector 210 to be less than the width D3 of the electrical connector 200, that is, there is an overlap between the two first electrical components 410 and the electrical connector 200, so that the first electrical components 410 and the electrical connector 200 can be connected in the overlap, thereby improving the connection strength between the two.

[0098] Meanwhile, the width D3 of the electrical connector 200 is set to be smaller than the width D4 of the insulating layer 300 so that the insulating layer 300 can effectively shield the electrical connector 200, thereby isolating the electrical connector 200 from the battery cell 101.

[0099] In some embodiments, along the length direction X of the photovoltaic module, the distance between the two second electrical components 420 located on both sides of the first connector 210 is d2, and the width of the insulating layer 300 is D4. The d2 can be set to be greater than or equal to the D4, or the d2 can be set to be less than the D4. It can be flexibly set according to the actual situation, and this application does not limit it.

[0100] In some embodiments, the ratio d1 / D4 of the distance d1 between the two first electrical components 410 located on both sides of the first connector 210 to the width D4 of the insulating layer 300 is greater than a preset value. In this way, while taking into account the connection performance between the first electrical components 410 and the electrical connector 200, it is also possible to avoid the insulating layer 300 being too wide, which would increase the cost of the insulating layer 300.

[0101] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module further includes a back sheet 510, a first film layer 520, a second film layer 530, and a front glass 540. The back sheet 510 is disposed on the back side of the battery string 100, the first film layer 520 is disposed between the back sheet 510 and the battery string 100, and the first connector 210 is disposed between the first film layer 520 and the battery string 100.

[0102] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module further includes a front glass 540 and a second film layer 530, wherein the front glass 540 is disposed on the front side of the cell string 100 and the second film layer 530 is disposed between the front glass 540 and the cell string 100.

[0103] In the photovoltaic module manufacturing process, the first film layer 520 and the second film layer 530 located on both sides of the cell string 100 are melted to form an integrated structure through hot pressing, thereby playing a role in encapsulating and protecting the cell string 100.

[0104] Furthermore, a lead hole is provided in the middle of the back plate 510. The shape of the lead hole can be rectangular, circular, elliptical, or other shapes. The lead hole is located between two adjacent first connectors 210. The end of the first connector 210 is provided with a lead wire, which passes through the lead hole to realize the current extraction.

[0105] In some embodiments, the backplate 510 may be made of TPC, PET, TPT, CPC or other materials.

[0106] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0107] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized by, include: Multiple battery strings and electrical connectors; The electrical connector is located on the back of the battery string, and the electrical connector at least partially overlaps with the battery cells at the end of the battery string; The electrical connector has an insulating layer on the side facing the battery cell; The electrical connector is electrically connected to the corresponding battery cell via an electrical component. Along a direction perpendicular to the back of the battery string, the orthographic projection area of ​​the connection portion between the electrical connector and the electrical component is a first area, and the orthographic projection area of ​​the electrical connector is a second area. The ratio of the first area to the second area is greater than or equal to 0.8 or less than or equal to 0.

2.

2. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein, The plurality of electrical connectors include a first connector and a second connector; the first connector is disposed near the center of the photovoltaic module and connects at least two oppositely disposed battery strings; the second connector is disposed near both sides of the photovoltaic module and connects at least two adjacent battery strings.

3. The photovoltaic module of claim 2, wherein, Multiple first connectors are provided, and the multiple first connectors are arranged sequentially at intervals, with the spacing between two adjacent first connectors being 6mm-16mm. And / or, the second connector is provided in multiple ways, and the multiple second connectors are arranged sequentially at intervals, with the distance between two adjacent second connectors being 1mm-10mm.

4. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein, Along the length of the photovoltaic module, the spacing between two adjacent battery strings is D1, and the spacing between two adjacent battery cells in the battery string is D2, satisfying: 0mm≤|D2-D1|≤10mm; And / or, along the length direction of the photovoltaic module, the spacing between two adjacent cell strings is D1, which satisfies: 0mm≤D1≤5mm; And / or, along the length of the photovoltaic module, the spacing between two adjacent cells in the cell string is D2, satisfying: 0mm≤|D2|≤5mm.

5. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein, Along the width direction of the photovoltaic module, the length of the insulating layer is greater than or equal to the length of the electrical connector; And / or, along the length of the photovoltaic module, the width of the insulating layer is greater than or equal to the width of the electrical connector; And / or, along the length of the photovoltaic module, the insulating layer is provided with one or more.

6. The photovoltaic module according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The electrical component is formed by a conductive layer disposed on the back plate of the photovoltaic module, the back plate being disposed on the side of the electrical connector opposite to the battery string; the electrical connector is connected to the conductive layer, and an electrical connection portion is provided on the back of the battery cell, the electrical connection portion being electrically connected to the conductive layer.

7. The photovoltaic module of claim 6, wherein, Along a direction perpendicular to the back of the battery string, the projected area of ​​the insulating layer is a third area, and the ratio of the first area to the third area is greater than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 1.

0.

8. The photovoltaic module according to any of claims 1-5, wherein, The back of the battery string is provided with a plurality of electrical components, and the insulating layer is provided with a plurality of openings, wherein the electrical components at the openings are electrically connected to the electrical connectors.

9. The photovoltaic module of claim 8, wherein, Along a direction perpendicular to the back of the battery string, the projected area of ​​the insulating layer is a third area, and the ratio of the first area to the third area is greater than or equal to 0.01 and less than or equal to 0.

18.

10. The photovoltaic module of claim 8, wherein, The insulation layer comprises a plurality of spaced insulation portions, and the openings are formed between two adjacent insulation portions; and / or, at least one side of the insulation layer is provided with a plurality of openings along the length direction of the photovoltaic module.

11. The photovoltaic module of claim 10, wherein, When the insulation layer is provided with a plurality of openings on both sides, the openings on both sides of the insulation layer are arranged in alignment or misalignment.

12. The photovoltaic module of claim 8, wherein, The electrical connector arranged near the middle position of the photovoltaic module is a first connector; the first and second electrical components of opposite conductive types are arranged on the cell pieces on both sides of the first connector, the first connector is connected to the first electrical component at the opening, and the second electrical component is disconnected from the first connector; wherein, along the length direction of the photovoltaic module, the distance between the two first electrical components on both sides of the first connector is d1, the width of the electrical connector is D3, and the width of the insulation layer is D4, and d1 < D3 < D4 is satisfied.

13. The photovoltaic module of claim 12, wherein, The ratio of the distance d1 between the two first electrical components on both sides of the first connector to the width D4 of the insulation layer is greater than a preset value.

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