Glass sheet article with improved visual and tactile feel
A glass article with textured surfaces and an opaque layer addresses the need for aesthetically pleasing car interior elements by masking displays in the off mode and ensuring high visibility in the on mode, offering superior durability and sustainability.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/EP2025/070402
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2024-07-17
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-16
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-22
Smart Images

Figure EP2025070402_22012026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
Glass sheet article with improved visual and tactile feelField of the InventionThe present invention relates to a glass article with improved visual and tactile feel, especially for use as decorative elements in car interiors. The present invention further relates to a dead front article wherein the glass article is used in combination with a display device, wherein the display device is invisible in the Off mode but provides excellent screen visibility in the On mode.Background ArtIt is well known to use cover glass sheets over displays to provide the necessary protection. It is also well known in the art that the surface of the cover glass sheet, typically above the screen of the display device, is textured to improve its optical properties, such as antiglare and sparkle reduction.In some applications, such as interior design elements and / or displays for the car industry, it is common that the cover glass sheet is larger than the display device and is specifically designed to fit a specific location in the car such as the dashboard, the central armrest, the door armrest,... In such applications, it could be that the cover glass sheet is even much larger than the display device. In some other embodiments, cover glass sheets are used without any display, as integral parts of the car interior. Hence, their design and aesthetics are critical to the commercial success.The car industry is therefore still looking for high end technical solutions to provide very aesthetically pleasing car interior elements to improve the overall driver experience. Furthermore, it is of interest to the car industry to use such superior decor elements to hide display devices. When such display device is in the Off mode, it should be completely invisible to the car user whereas in the On mode, the display should be perfectly visible and provide the expected high resolution and optical properties.Summary of the InventionThe present invention relates to a glass article comprising: a glass sheet comprising a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface and an opaque layer. The first surface comprises at least one roughened zone that creates a decorative pattern. The opaque layer is disposed on at least aportion, preferably on the entire area, of the second surface of the glass sheet. The opaque layer has a light transmittance equal to or lower than 50% (TLD4 < 50%), preferably equal to or lower than 30% (TLD4 < 30%), preferably equal to or lower than 10% (TLD4 < 10%), preferably equal to or lower than 5% (TLD4 < 5%) and more preferably equal to or lower than 2% (TLD4 < 2%).The at least one roughened zone is typically characterised by a mean surface roughness defined by an arithmetic amplitude value, Ra(ZOnej, and by a mean surface roughness defined by an spacing value, Rsm(zone). The at least one roughened zone is typically bordered by at least one border area which is also characterised by a mean surface roughness defined by an arithmetic amplitude value, Rajborder), and by an spacing value Rsmjborder). In a preferred embodiment, the absolute difference between Rajzone) and Rajborder) is at least 25nm ( | RajZOne) -Rajborder) | > 25nm); preferably at least 50nm ( | RajZOne) - Rajborder) | > 50nm), more preferably at least lOOnm ( | RajZOne) - Rajborder) | > lOOnm), and even more preferably at least 200nm ( | RajZOne) - Rajborder) | > 200nm). In another preferred embodiment, the absolute difference between RsmjZOne) and Rsmjborder) is at least 2 pm ( | RsmjZOne) - Rsmjborder) | > 2 pm); preferably of at least 3 pm ( | RsmjZOne) - Rsm(border) | > 3 pm), preferably at least 10 pm ( | RsmjZOne) - Rsmjborder) | > 10 pm), more preferably at least 20 pm ( | RsmjZOne) - Rsmjborder) | > 20 pm), and even more preferably at least 30 pm ( | RsmjZOne) -Rsmjborder) | > 30 pm).In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first surface comprises at least two roughened zones. The first roughened zone has an arithmetic amplitude value, RaljZOne) and has a spacing value RsmljZOne). The second roughened zone has an arithmetic amplitude value Ra2jZOne) and a spacing value Rsm2jZOne). The first and second roughened zones are characterized by different roughness such that there is preferably an absolute difference between RaljZOne) and Ra2jZOne) of at least 25 nm ( | RaljZOne) - Ra2jZOne) | > 25 nm); preferably at least 50 nm ( | RaljZOne) - Ra2jZOne)) | > 50 nm), more preferably at least 100 nm ( | RaljZOne) - Ra2jZOne) | > 100 nm), even more preferably at least 200 nm ( | Raljzone) - Ra2jZOne) | > 200 nm) and / or there is preferably an absolute difference between Rsmljzone) and Rsm2jZOne) of at least 2 pm ( | RsmljZOne) - Rsm2jZOne) | > 2 pm); preferably of at least 3 pm ( | Rsmjzone) - Rsmjborder) | > 3 pm); preferably at least 10 pm ( | Rsmljzone) - Rsm2jZOne) | > 10 pm), more preferably at least 20 pm ( | Rsmljzone) - Rsm2jZOne) | > 20 pm), and even more preferably at least 30 pm ( I Rsmljzone) -Rsm2(zone) | > 30 pm).The roughened zone(s) on the first surface of the glass sheet form a decorative pattern, preferably selected from a leather grain pattern, a wood grain pattern, a fabric pattern, a stone pattern, a brushed metal finish pattern, a carbon fiber pattern and / or a geometrical pattern.Preferably, the opaque layer has a thickness (T) equal to or greater than 1 pm (T > 1 pm), preferably equal to or greater than 2 pm (T > 2 pm), preferably equal to or greater than 3 pm (T > 3 pm), more preferably equal to or greater than 5 pm (T > 5 pm) and / or equal to or lower than 40 pm (T < 40 pm), preferably equal to or lower than 30 pm (T < 30 pm), preferably equal to or lower than 25 pm (T < 25 pm), preferably equal to or lower than 20 pm (T < 20 pm), preferably equal to or lower than 15 pm (T < 15 pm), more preferably equal to or lower than 12 pm (T < 12 pm). Preferably, the opaque layer has an average thickness and a standard deviation; and its standard deviation is equal to or lower than the lowest of either (a) 3pm (< 3pm) or (b) 20% (< 20%) of the average thickness. Preferably its standard deviation is equal to or lower than the lowest of either (a) 2pm or (b) 10%, preferably 5%, more preferably 2% of the average thickness.In another preferred glass article, the opaque layer is decorative layer comprising a background having a background color and at least one foreground having a foreground color and wherein the difference of color Delta E as calculated as per the CIE technical report 15:2004 is equal to or greater than 1 (AE>1), preferably equal to or greater than 2 (AE>2) preferably equal to or greater than 5 (AE>5), more preferably equal to or greater than 10 (AE>10), and even more preferably equal to or greater than 25 (AE>25). Preferably the at least one roughened zone that creates the decorative pattern is positioned in a complementary fashion to the background and / or to the at least one foreground of the decorative layer.The glass sheet can be a strengthened glass, preferably a chemically strengthened glass. The first surface of the glass article can be coated with an anti-finger print coating.The present invention further relates to a glass article wherein the opaque layer has a perforated zone comprising discrete openings having a dimension equal to or lower than 200 pm. The discrete opening are spaced by a spacing distance, have an average spacing distance and a standard deviation. Preferably, the spacing distance is equal to or lower than 200pm, preferably by equal to or lower than 150pm, more preferably equal to or lower than 100pm. The discrete opening have a dimension, an average dimension and a standard deviation. Preferably, the discrete openings are in the shape of lines having a width equal to or lower than 30pm, preferably equal to or lower than 20pm, preferably of equal to or lower than 10pm.In a preferred embodiment, the discrete openings form a regular array such that the spacing standard deviation is equal to or lower than 10%, preferably equal to or lower than 5%, more preferably equal to or lower than 2% of the average spacing and / or the dimension standard deviation is equal to orlower than 10% preferably equal to or lower than 5%, more preferably equal to or lower than 2% of the average dimension.For regular patterns, the first surface of the glass sheet preferably further comprises at least one optical roughened zone positioned in a complementary fashion to the perforated zone; and wherein the glass sheet within the at least one roughened zone, provides a clarity equal to or lower than 80%, preferably equal to or lower than 50%, more preferably equal to or lower than 30%.The at least one roughened zone has a roughened surface. The perforated zone has a perforated surface and perforated perimeter. It is further preferred that the surface of the at least one roughened zone extends over the surface of the perforated zone, by an extension distance from the perforated zone perimeter, Ax, wherein the extension distance is preferably calculated by the following formula: Ax = 2.1*T / n*(D-W) wherein■ Ax is the extension distance expressed in mm,■ T thickness of the glass sheet expressed in mm,■ n is glass refractive index of the glass sheet,■ W is the average width of the discrete opening expressed in mm, and■ D the average spacing distance expressed in mm.The present invention further relates to a dead front article comprising the glass article described above and at least a display device having at least a screen, wherein the second surface of the glass sheet is facing the display device. The opaque layer has a perforated zone positioned in a complementary position to the screen and comprises discrete openings having a dimension equal to or lower than 200 pm.The present invention further relates to a method for producing the glass articles and the dead front articles of the present invention. The present invention also relates to the use of the glass article and of the dead front article for car interior application, home appliances and / or integrated interactive display.Other aspects and advantages of the embodiments will become apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings which illustrate, by way of example, the principles of the described embodiments.Brief description of the drawingsFigure 1 (a) (b) show top views of the first surface of the glass sheet of two different glass articles according to two embodiments of the present invention. Figure 1(a) shows a first surface of the glass sheet of a glass article comprising one roughened zone picturing a wood grain pattern. Figure 1(b) shows a first surface of the glass sheet of another glass article comprising two roughened zones picturing a geometrical pattern.Figure 2 shows process steps to produce one embodiment of the present invention, comprising a partial roughening phase followed by an opaque layer deposition.Figure 3 shows process steps to produce another embodiment of the present invention, comprising a first partial roughening phase, a second partial roughening phase, followed by an opaque layer deposition.Figure 4 shows a cross-sectional view of a dead front article that comprises one embodiment of a glass article and display device, wherein the opaque layer comprises a perforated zone.Figure 5 shows a cross-sectional view of a portion of a glass article wherein the opaque layer comprises discrete openings.Figure 6 shows a top view of a glass article according to the invention.Figure 7 shows a top view of a glass article in combination with a display device in the Off (figure 7(a)) and On (figure 7(b)) modes.Detailed description of the InventionThe car industry is still looking for high end technical solutions to provide very aesthetically pleasing car interior elements to improve the overall driver experience. It is an object of the present invention to provide a glass article to be used as a decorative element, especially for car interiors. It is a further object of the present invention to provide a dead front article that comprises the glass article and a display device which remains completely invisible in the Off mode.Current decorative elements are typically provided in plastics or wood. It has been found that glass articles of the present invention have several technical advantages over plastics. Key technical advantages are sustainability and superior quality : Glass provides the required scratch resistance.Indeed, as the surfaces of the automotive interiors are often interactive, scratch resistance is key to achieve and maintain high quality. Glass sheets last longer. Glass offers furthermore a more premium effect than plastic, thanks to its soft touch, its reflection and transparency. Glass can be partially made from recycled material and is fully recyclable. Glass being stiffer than plastic requires less material to provide the same mechanical resistance profile with less weight. Finally glass is an easy to clean material. Glass offers longer lifetime and stability than all current plastic materials and a superior sustainability profile.Some premium car manufacturers wish to use wood for high aesthetical value car interior elements. However, wood materials are water and oil permeable and are typically replaced by mimicking resins. Furthermore, wood panels cannot be used over display devices, even in very thin layers since wood panel are still visible when the screen is lit.It has been surprisingly found that the glass article of the present invention can imitate any kind of natural texture with a very superior visual appearance, a touch feeling of luxury interface and even a 3D texture effect while avoiding the drawbacks of other previous materials and bringing the technical advantages of quality and sustainability. In addition, it has been surprisingly found that the glass article of the present invention can have very different gloss and diffusion properties to provide very glossy surface to mimic e.g. marble or to provide diffusing surface to mimic leather, stone or wood materials.It has been further found that when such glass article is combined with a display device, it completely masks the display device in the Off mode - the display being completely invisible, with an appropriate decoating scheme. It provides full visibility of the display device in the On mode - the opaque layer being invisible, with the required high resolution and optical properties.The present invention relates to a glass article to be used as decorative panel, in particular for a vehicle's interior. A decorative panel is mounted on any part in the vehicle's interior in order to provide a better aesthetic or to secure or protect some part of the vehicle's interior. Such decorative panel can be mounted to cover (either fully or partially) doors, door handles contours, parts of the dashboard or the center console (where the center console means the console between the front passengers' seats, which can extend towards the dashboard), back of seats (including headrest's back),roofs, armrests, ... A vehicle refers to any kind of vehicles such as (but not restricted to) a car, a van, a lorry, a motorbike, a bus, a tram, a train, a drone, an airplane, an helicopter and the like.The glass article of the present invention, comprises a glass sheet with an external face and an internal face. The internal face refers to the face facing the carrier and is herein referred to as the second surface of the glass sheet, while the external face refers to the opposite face, faces the consumer and is herein referred to as the first surface of the glass sheet. When used in a car application, the first surface will face the interior of the car.The glass may be flat or totally or partially curved to correctly fit with the particular design of the vehicle or the potentially glass support, as the shape requires for the application.The present invention covers a glass article comprising: a) a glass sheet comprising a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface wherein the first surface comprises at least one roughened zone that creates a decorative pattern, b) an opaque layer disposed on at least a first portion, preferably on the entire area, of the second surface of the glass sheet substrate.Figure 1 (a) represents a glass article (A) wherein the first surface (21) of the glass sheet comprises one roughened zone (1) creating a wood grain pattern and Figure 1 (b) represents a glass article (A) wherein the first surface (21) of the glass sheet comprises two roughened zones (1, lb) creating geometrical pattern.ROUGHENED ZONEThe roughened zone creates a decorative design on the first surface of the glass sheet. Preferably, the glass article of the present invention comprises at least 2 roughened zones or even multiple roughened zone(s) to create sophisticated decorative designs. The roughened zone(s) can picture a leather grain pattern, a wood grain pattern, a fabric pattern, a stone pattern, a brushed metal finish pattern, a carbon fiber pattern and / or a geometrical pattern or even logos. For car interior applications, the wood grain pattern and / or the brushed finished metal pattern are preferred.In a preferred embodiment, the at least one roughened zone is defined by (i) an area of relatively higher surface roughness bordered by at least one border area of relatively lower surface roughnessor (ii) an area of relatively lower surface roughness bordered by at least one area of relatively higher surface roughness. Also contemplated in the present invention : the at least one roughened zone is defined by (i) an area of relatively higher surface roughness bordered by at least one border area of even higher surface roughness or (ii) an area of relatively lower surface roughness bordered by at least one area of even lower surface roughness.Indeed, the at least one surface roughness zone may be defined by a relatively higher surface roughness bordered by at least one area of relatively lower surface roughness. One preferred way of achieving such an effect is to provide: i. the majority of first surface aera of the glass sheet substrate has a relatively smooth finish of relatively low surface roughness (e.g., ranging from no surface roughness to some low or moderate level of surface roughness); and ii. the area of the at least one roughened zone has relatively higher surface roughness as a minority of the first surface area of the glass sheet substrate; e.g., ranging from a moderate level of surface roughness to a high level of surface roughness as compared with the smooth finish of the majority of the first surface area.Alternatively, the at least one roughness zone may be achieved via an area of relatively lower surface roughness bordered by at least one area of relatively higher surface roughness. One preferred way of achieving such an effect is to provide: i. a majority of the first surface area of the glass sheet substrate has a relatively rough finish (e.g., ranging from some moderate level of surface roughness to some high level of surface roughness); and ii. the area of the at least one roughened zone has a relatively lower surface roughness as a minority of the first surface area; e.g. ranging from no surface roughness to some low level of surface roughness, as compared with the rough finish of the majority of the first surface area.1. Roughness featuresSurface roughness, often referred to as surface texture, is the very well-known measure of the fine- scale irregularities or variations on the surface of a material. It consists of microscopic peaks and valleys that are typically the result of the manufacturing process used to create the surface. This characteristic is distinct from larger-scale variations like waviness or form errors.By "roughened", it is typically understood that the roughened zone is characterized by the roughness features of arithmetic amplitude value Ra (nm) and spacing value Rsm (pm) roughness values defined in the standard ISO 4287-1997. The roughness is a consequence of the existence of surface irregularities / patterns. These irregularities consist of bumps called "peaks" and cavities called "valleys". On a section perpendicular to the textured surface, the peaks and valleys are distributed on either side of a "center line" (algebraic average) also called "mean line". In a profile and for a measurement along a fixed length (called "evaluation length"):- Ra being the an arithmetic mean height value (amplitude value) corresponds to the average height difference of microstructures, meaning the arithmetic average of absolute values of height differences between the peaks and valleys. Ra measure the distance between this average and the "line" and gives an indication of the height of the patterns on the textured surface;- Rsm being the mean width of the profile elements (spacing value) is the average distance between two successive passages of the profile through the "mean line"; and this gives the average distance between the "peaks" and therefore the average value of the widths of the patterns.The roughness values according to the invention may be measured with a profilometer using 2D profiles (according to ISO4287 standard). Alternatively, one can use the technique of 3D profilometry (according to ISO 25178 standard) but isolating a 2D profile which then gives access to the parameters defined in the ISO4287 standard.According to the invention, the roughness values are measured with a Gaussian filter, which is a filter of long wavelengths, also called profile filter c. It is used for separating the components of roughness / texture from components of undulation of the profile. The evaluation length, L, according to the invention is the length of the profile used to evaluate the roughness. Base length, I, is the part of the evaluation length used to identify irregularities characterizing the profile to assess. The evaluation length, L, is divided / cut into n base lengths, I, which depend on the profile irregularities. The base length, I, corresponds to the "cut-off" wavelength (or limit wavelength) of the Gaussian filter (I = Xc). Typically, the evaluation length is of at least five times the base length. In roughness measurements, a short wavelength filter (profile filter s) is also commonly used to eliminate the effects of very short wavelengths which are background noise.The at least one roughened zone has a mean surface roughness defined by an arithmetic amplitude value, Rajzone). The border area has a mean surface roughness defined by an arithmetic amplitude value, Rajborder). In order to create a significant difference of visual and tactile rendering; there ispreferably an absolute difference between Ra(ZOnej and Rajborder) of at least 25 nm ( | Ra(ZOne) - Rajborder) |> 25 nm); preferably at least 50 nm ( | RajZOne) - Rajborder) | > 50 nm), more preferably at least 100 nm ( | Rajzone) - Rajborder) | > 100 nm), and even more preferably at least 200 nm ( | RajZOne) - Rajborder) | > 200 nm). Typically, the absolute difference between RajZOne) and Rajborder) is no more than 2 microns, preferably no more than 1 micron.The at least one roughened zone can also be characterised by a mean surface roughness defined by a spacing value, RsmjZOne). The border area has a mean surface roughness defined by an arithmetic amplitude value, Rsmjborder). In order to create a significant difference of visual and tactile rendering; there is preferably an absolute difference between Rsm jZOne) and Rsmjborder) of at least 2 pm ( | RsmjZOne) - Rsm (border) | > 2 pm); preferably of at least 3 pm ( | RsmjZOne) - Rsm (border) | > 3 pm); preferably at least10 pm ( | Rsmjzone) -Rsmjborder) | > 10 pm ), more preferably at least 20 pm ( | RsmjZOne) - Rsmjborder) | > 20 pm ), and even more preferably at least 30 pm ( | RsmjZOne) - Rsmjborder) | > 30 pm ). Typically, the absolute difference between RsmjZOne) and Rsmjborder) is no more than 150 pm, preferably no more than 100 pm.Depending on the complexity of the decorative design, the first surface preferably comprises 2 or more roughened zones. Several embodiments are contemplated within the invention: a) Two roughened zones are created on the first surface of the glass sheet. Roughened zone 1 has a Raljzone) and a RsmljZOne). Roughened zone 2 has a Ra2jZOne) and a Rsm2jZOne).The first and second roughened zones are characterized by different roughness such that there is preferably an absolute difference between RaljZOne) and Ra2jZOne) of at least 25 nm ( | RaljZOne) - Ra2jZOne) | > 25 nm); preferably at least 50 nm ( | RaljZOne) - Ra2jZOne)) | > 50 nm), more preferably at least 100 nm( | Raljzone) - Ra2jzone) | > 100 nm), even more preferably at least 200 nm ( | Raljzone) - Ra2jZOne) | > 200 nm) and / or there is preferably an absolute difference between RsmljZOne) and Rsm2jZOne) of at least 2 pm ( | Rsm ijzone) - Rsm 2jzone) | > 2 pm ); preferably of at least 3 pm ( | Rsmjzone) - Rsmjborder) | > 3 pm ); preferably at least 10 pm ( | Rsmijzone) - Rsm2jZOne) | > 10 pm), more preferably at least 20 pm ( | Rsm ijzone) - Rsm 2jzone) | > 20 pm ), and even more preferably at least 30 pm ( | Rsm ijzone) -Rsm 2jZOne) |> 30 pm). b) Multiple roughened zones: wherein preferably there is an absolute difference between one roughened zone and its surrounding border zone : RajZOne) and Rajborder) of at least 25 nm ( | RajZOne) - Rajborder) | > 25 nm). There is preferably an absolute difference between Rsm jZOne) and Rsmjborder) of at least 2 pm ( | Rsm(zone) - Rsm(bOrder) | > 2 pm).All embodiments specifying the preferred and more preferred absolute differences of the Ra and / or Rsm parameters upper and lower limits, apply to each embodiment of the present invention described herein above.In some embodiments of the present invention, multiple roughening zones can overlap.2. Haptic propertiesThese morphological variations between each roughened zone bring a very nice touch feeling for the user, as the perceived feeling with the fingers will be dictated by the specific and local roughness of the glass article. Having various roughened zones with their own related roughness parameters set allows to mimic the touch feeling of natural materials, or to guide the user onto the surface of the glass article without the need of looking it.As described herein, the level of surface roughness may range from a feeling of smooth (very little or no surface roughness, to a feeling of velvety softness (moderate levels of surface roughness), to a feeling of substantial roughness (higher levels of roughness) in order to achieve the tactile response corresponding to the decorative design and create the high end consumer experience.For example, a relatively smooth surface roughness may have an arithmetic value Ra surface roughness ranging from 10 nm, 20 nm, 30 nm, 40 nm, 50 nm, 60 nm, 70 nm to 80 nm. A relatively moderate surface roughness may typically have a Ra surface roughness ranging from 90 nm, 100 nm, 125 nm, 150 nm, 175 nm to 200 nm. Typical rough surface roughness will range from 225 nm, 250 nm, 275 nm, 300 nm to 400 nm.For example, a relatively smooth surface roughness may have a spacing value Rsm surface roughness ranging from 5 pm, 10 pm, 15 pmm to 20 pm. A relatively moderate surface roughness may typically have a Rsm surface roughness ranging from 25 pm, 30 pm, 35 pm to 40 pm. Typical rough surface roughness will range from 45 pm, 50 pm, 55 pm, to 100 pm.For superior tactile response of the consumer to the decorative design of the layer, one focuses on the absolute difference between the least one roughened zone and its surrounding border zone to achieve Ra(ZOnej and Rajborder) preferably comprised between 50nm-500nm and on the absolute difference between Rsm(ZOne) and Rsmjborder) to be preferably comprised between 2pm-100pm.3. Optical propertiesEach roughened zone can be further characterized by the optical properties. The gloss and diffusion properties are related to the surface morphology parameters (Ra, Rsm as described above). For some decorative design such as a silk pattern, a stone pattern, and / or a brushed metal finish pattern, the optical properties of gloss and diffusion properties can be of higher interest than the morphological properties associated to the haptic property, of the roughened zone.The gloss characterizes the brightness or shine of a surface, and more particularly corresponds to the specular reflectance of a surface relative to a standard (such as, for example, a certified black glass standard). The gloss is measured in accordance with the ASTM standard D523-14 "Standard Test Method for Specular Gloss" dated May 4, 2017, at the specific angle of 60° and it is expressed in SGU (standard gloss units), also expressed as G.U. hereafter. Non-roughened glass surfaces are commonly assessed to have a gloss value > 140 G.U. More roughening, lower the reflection intensity and hence lower becomes the gloss value.GlQSS_(60°l categories _:Extremely low gloss (ELG): 0 < Gloss (G.U.) < 15Very low gloss (VLG): 15 < Gloss (G.U.) < 30Low gloss (LG): 30 < Gloss (G.U.) < 50Medium gloss (MG): 50 < Gloss (G.U.) < 80High gloss (HG): 80 < Gloss (G.U.) < 110Very high gloss (VHG): 110 < Gloss (G.U.) < 140Extremely high gloss (EHG): Gloss (G.U.) > 140The diffusion, or diffuse light reflection, of a glass surface represents the relative intensity of reflected light scattered by the surface. Non-roughened glass surfaces are commonly assessed to have a diffusion value close to 0%. More roughening, higher the reflection scattering and hence higher becomes the diffusion value. Diffusion values are measured with a SMS-1000 equipment from DM&S in accordance with the system manufacturer procedure, with an angle of incident light of 6°, a distance of 260mm between the glass and the lens, and a lens with a 16mm focal length and a 5.6mm aperture.Pjffusipn categorjes :Extremely low diffusion (ELD): 0 < Diffusion (%) < 1Very low diffusion (VLD): 1 < Diffusion (%) < 10Low diffusion (LD): 10 < Diffusion (%) < 30Medium diffusion (MD): 30 < Diffusion (%) < 60High diffusion (HD): 60 < Diffusion (%) < 80Very high diffusion (VHD): 80 < Diffusion (%) < 95Extremely high diffusion (EHD): 95 < Diffusion (%) < 100Each roughened zone is thus defined by a single set of gloss and diffusion. For example, the first roughened zone can be characterized by a texture providing a EHG gloss and a ELD diffusion, a second roughened zone can be characterized by a texture providing a MG gloss and a MD diffusion and a third roughened zone can be characterized by a texture providing a LG gloss and a VHD diffusion.For example, to mimic glossy materials such as marble, it is preferably achieved via at least an optical properties set (HG, VLD), and more preferably (VHG, ELD), corresponding to roughness parameters (Ra, Rsm) described in the table below. For diffusive materials such as stone or wood, a combination of a first roughened zone with optical properties set (LG, MD) coupled with a second roughened zone having optical properties set such as (VLG, EHD) is preferable.Gloss and diffusion can be typically related to a certain combinations of Ra and Rsm parameters. For example (non-exhaustive):4. Roughened ProcessThe roughened zone can be achieved by etching (acid, alkaline, liquid or vapor), laser texturing, sand blasting, embossing, rolling, mechanical polishing, engraving, and / or vapor deposition (e.g., chemical or physical vapor deposition), preferably by etching. Acid etching is preferred since it provides process control, short process time and flexibility.Many techniques can be used to obtain the at least one roughened zone on the glass sheet substrate. Those techniques can be directly selective by only treating the zone(s) that need to be treated or can be indirectly selective by using a temporary and protective mask to protect the areas that do not need to be roughened.Examples of directly selective texturing are sandblasting, chemical etching ("brushing technique" with eg. HF-based paste), laser texturing, etc. Indirect selective texturing techniques can be sandblasting, wet and dry chemical acid-etching or alkaline etching, mechanical polishing, etc. involving the usage of a protective and temporary layer that can be applied by any known techniques such as inkjet printing, wax deposition, screen-printing application of a IR / UV-curable ink, transfer technique, spray application, etc.The opaque layer can be printed on the second surface of the glass sheet, before or after the partial roughening phase.Steps illustrated and described hereinafter are not exhaustive; other steps can be performed before, after, or between any of the described and illustrated steps. In some embodiments, the steps may be performed in a different order. Variations of the process illustrated in Figures 2 and 3 are within the scope of the present disclosure.The roughening of the first surface of the glass sheet is preferably achieved via wet etching. Such wet etching can be a vertical etching process whereby the glass sheet is dipped into an etching bath. In such etching process, the second face of the glass sheet needs to be protected during the etching step by an etch resistant tape of any other means. In a another embodiment, wet etching is an horizontal etching process whereby only the first surface of the glass sheet is etched by the etching solution. The process described hereunder focuses on horizontal etching for simplification but could also be achieved by vertical etching combined with masking of the second surface of the glass sheet with an etch resistant material.Figure 2 steps (i) to (iv) illustrates one embodiment of the roughening process wherein one roughened zone is obtained. A glass sheet is provided in step (i). In step (ii), a portion of the first surface (21) is masked with an etch resistant material (7) represented by the black area. Any suitable alternative techniques may be employed, for example, printing, screen printing, doctor blading, gravure printing, photolithography, etc.; preferably via ink printing. In step (iii), only the first surface (21) is exposed to an etching solution to generate a certain level of surface roughness characterized by specific Ra and Rsm features and to generate a first roughened zone providing a decorative element. In step (iv), the mask is removed, providing a glass sheet with the partial etching of the first surface and the creation of one roughened zone (1) on said first surface (21) to provide a decorative wood-pattern.The combination of the steps (ii) to (iv) is hereinafter referred to a 'partial roughening phase'. The partial roughening phase comprises the steps of masking - etching - mask removal, and can repeated one or more times to create two or more different roughened zones on the first surface.Figure 3, steps (i) to (ivb) represents a roughening process comprising two partial roughnening phases. Figure 3, steps (i) to (iv), shows a first partial roughening phase. A glass sheet is provided in step (i). In step (ii), a portion of the first surface (21) is masked with an etch resistant material (7) represented by the black area. In step (iii), only the first surface (21) is exposed to an etching solution to generate a first roughened zone (1) providing a first decorative element, having a certain level of surface roughness characterized by a specific Rai and Rsml textural features. In step (iv), the mask is removed, providing a glass sheet wherein a first roughened zone (1) has been created to provide the first element of a decorative geometrical pattern.Figure 3 (ib) to (ivb) shows a second partial roughening phase wherein the glass sheet obtained in (iv) is used as the glass sheet of step (ib). In step (iib), a portion of the first surface (21) is masked with an etch resistant material (7) represented by the black area. In step (iiib), only the first surface is exposed to an etching solution to generate a second roughened zone (lb) providing a second decorative element, having a certain level of surface roughness characterized by a specific Ra2 and Rsm2 textural features. In step (ivb), the mask is removed, providing a glass sheet wherein 2 roughened zones have been created to provide a more complex decorative geometrical pattern.In the embodiment when one or more partial roughening phases are achieved, the second partial roughening phase can create distinct or overlapping roughening zones. Figure 3 illustrates an embodiment wherein the second roughening zone overlaps the first roughening zone to create some 3D effect.In a preferred process of the present invention, a preliminary step of roughening the first surface of the glass sheet substrate can be achieved before the first partial roughening phase. In this preliminary step, typically, substantially all the first surface area of the glass sheet is exposed to an etching solution to generate a certain level of surface roughness (from low to high surface roughness). Then partial roughening phase(s) as described above can be achieved to create specific roughened zone(s).Typically, the etching solution used for the roughening steps may include hydrofluoric acid, sulfuric acid, ammonium fluoride, and a water miscible organic solvent. In some embodiments, the etching solution may include 1-15 wt% (weight percent) hydrofluoric acid, 1-15 wt% sulfuric acid, 0-40 wt% ammonium or potassium fluoride, 0-35 wt% water miscible organic solvent, and water. In someembodiments, the etching solution may comprise 4-10 wt% hydrofluoric acid, 0-30 wt% ammonium or potassium fluoride, 0-25wt% water miscible organic solvent, and water. In some embodiments, the water miscible organic solvent in the etching solution may be an alcohol (such as ethanol and isopropanol), ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, or combinations thereof. Other etching solutions may include 1-40 wt% (weight percent) hydrofluoric acid, 1-50 wt% sulfuric acid and 0-20 wt% water miscible organic solvent.In a preferred embodiment, the glass sheet may also be exposed to a strengthening process that is typically performed after the partial roughening phase.OPAQUE LAYERAn opaque layer is disposed on at least a portion, preferably on the entire area, of the surface of the second face of the glass sheet. It can be deposited on either the air side or the tin side of the glass sheet manufactured by a float process. Step (v) in Figure 2 and Figure 3 illustrates the deposition of the opaque layer on the second face of the glass sheet whereby the entire area of the second face is covered. By 'entire area', it is intended to mean that the majority of the surface is coated. The term 'majority' is intended to mean almost the entire surface area, preferably the entire surface area. However, it cannot be excluded that some insignificant part(s) of the surface are not covered. The term 'insignificant' would mean having no substantial impact on the dedicated performance.The deposition of the opaque layer can be achieved before the partial roughening phase, starting from the clear glass sheet, or after the first partial roughening phase or between multiple partial roughening phases if present, or after multiple partial roughening phases. In Figure 2, the opaque layer is disposed in step (v) on the second surface of the glass sheet after one partial roughening phase. In Figure 3, the opaque layer is disposed in step (v) on the second surface of the glass sheet after two partial roughening phases.The opaque layer is typically a layer having a lower transmittance of visible light than the glass sheet, in the visible spectral range from 380 nm to 780 nm. It exhibits a LTD4 light transmittance equal to or lower than 50% (LTD4 < 50%). Preferably equal to or lower than 30% (LTD4 < 30%) ; preferably equal to or lower than 10% (LTD4 < 10%), preferably equal to or lower than 5% (LTD4 < 5%), more preferably equal to or lower than 2% (LTD4 < 2) to provide opacity.The light transmission LTD4 is determined according to the IS09050 standard for a thickness of 4 mm at a solid observation angle of 2° (with illuminant D65) and for a wavelength range between 380 and780 nm.The opaque layer is typically an ink layer. The ink is not particularly limited. Suitable inks are an inorganic type ink containing a ceramic fired body or the like and an organic type ink containing a dye or a pigment and an organic resin can be used. Preferred are solvent based organic inks and more preferred are acrylic inks (acrylic networks with color imparting pigments) or epox inks. Preferably, the opaque layer is made by a single layer for ease of production and / or ease of laser decoating technique. However, it can also comprise different sublayers, even of different materials.The deposition of the opaque layer can be achieved via different techniques such as screen printing, digital printing, or applying colored coatings. Printing methods include, but are not limited to, inkjet, screen printing, and transfer decoration over the second face of the glass sheet.The deposition of the opaque layer can be achieved by an ink jet method. The ink jet method ejects a minute droplet of ink in a liquid form from a nozzle in a pulsed manner to form a predetermined pattern on the second surface. Specifically, positioning the glass sheet with reference to the origin of the nozzle, based on a command from the control device, on the second surface of the glass substrate while the nozzle discharges minute droplets of ink. The glass sheet is moved substantially parallel to its first and second principal surfaces.The ink jet method generally moves the nozzle linearly in one direction. The thickness of the opaque layer can be adjusted by controlling the discharge amount and the discharge interval of the ink discharged from the nozzle. In the case of increasing the thickness, it is sufficient to increase the discharge rate or to narrow the discharge interval. In the case of making it thinner, it is sufficient to reduce the discharge volume or to increase the discharge interval. Thereafter, the ink is dried and baked, whereby the ink is cured to form an opaque layer. The order in which each layer is formed is not limited thereto.In another embodiment, the opaque layer can be achieved via inkjet technology using a UV-curable ink, where the bonding network is cured and solidified by subjecting the ink to UV lamps just after the droplet deposition. Also suitable method to produce the opaque layer is a screen printing wherein a mesh is used to transfer ink onto a glass sheet substrate, except in areas made impermeable to the ink by a blocking stencil.In the transfer method, the transfer sheet having the opaque layer is brought into close contact with the glass substrate under heating conditions, thereby transferring the opaque layer to the glass substrate. The transfer sheet is formed by laminating a transfer base material (film), a coloring layer, and an adhesive layer. The transfer base material is formed of a resin material or the like to supportthe opaque layer and the optionally adhesive layer. The opaque layer is formed in a planar shape of the pattern to be transferred and is supported on the transfer substrate. The adhesive layer is a layer for bonding the opaque layer to the glass substrate, and is formed in the same shape as the opaque layer. When no adhesive layer is used, an ink having an adhesive property can be used as the opaque layer, or an adhesive can be additionally coated on the surface of the opaque layer. The glass sheet and the transfer sheet are positioned so that the second surface of the glass sheet and the adhesive layer of the transfer sheet face each other. Next, the transfer sheet is heated to soften the transfer sheet by e.g; infrared rays, superheated steam, hot plates, and the like. The softened transfer sheet is shaped by the differential pressure and adheres closely to the second surface of the glass sheet. Finally, by peeling off the transfer base material of the transfer sheet from the glass sheet, the adhesive layer and the opaque layer remain on the second surface, so that the opaque layer can be transferred onto the second surface.The thickness of the opaque layer is typically comprised between 1pm and 50pm (1pm < thickness < 50pm). Preferably to provide minimal light blocking, the opaque layer thicknesses is equal to or greater than 2pm (> 2pm), preferably equal to or greater than Bpm (> Bpm), more preferably equal to or greater than 5pm (> 5pm). Preferably for ease of decoating and cost effectiveness, the opaque layer's thickness is equal to or lower than 40pm (< 40pm), preferably equal to or lower than 30pm (< 30pm), preferably equal to or lower than 25pm (< 25pm), preferably equal to or lower than 20pm (< 20pm), preferably equal to or lower than 15pm (< 15pm), more preferably equal to or lower than 12pm (< 12pm). The minimum and maximum thicknesses are mean values of layer thickness. Thickness is measured in the direction perpendicular to the glass sheet face.The thickness of the opaque layer can be measured by any conventional method known by person skilled in that art such conventional optical microscope or profiling tools such as confocal microscope, white light interferometer or stylus profiler.The opaque layer can be a decorative opaque layer comprising a background having a background color and at least one foreground having a foreground color and wherein the difference of color Delta E as calculated as per the CIE technical report 15:2004 is equal to or greater than 1 (AE>1), preferably equal to or greater than 2 (AE>2) preferably equal to or greater than 5 (AE>5), more preferably equal to or greater than 10 (AE>10), and even more preferably equal to or greater than 25 (AE>25). The background and the at least one foreground creates a decorative pattern on the decorative layer and can mimick the decorative pattern created by the roughening zone(s) of the first surface of the glass sheet of the present invention. The decorative layer is a layer for imparting a decorative design to theglass article of the present invention. It comprises a background and at least one foreground creating together a decoration. Hence, the decorative opaque layer refers to a layer that enhance the aesthetic appearance by including patterns and / or colors to create a visually appealing design.The layer can comprise two foregrounds, preferably a multitude of foregrounds, to create sophisticated decorative designs. When several foregrounds are present, it is preferred that they present a color difference: Delta E equal to or greater than 1 (AE > 1), preferably Delta E equal to or greater than 2 (AE > 2), preferably Delta E equal to or greater than 5 (AE > 5), more preferably Delta E equal to or greater than 10 (AE > 10) and even more preferably Delta E equal to or greater than 25 (AE > 25).It is preferred that the at least one roughened zone is positioned on the first surface of the glass sheet in a complementary fashion to the background and / or to the at least one foreground. This means that the roughened zone and the decorative opaque layer on the opposing surface are designed to match each other in terms of their geometrical features (same overall shape, perimeter shape, design, and / or pattern,...) and the level of overlap. Therefore, any glass sheet exhibiting two zones with different roughness on a first surface and a coating on a second surface opposite to the first surface is not considered as positioned in a complementary fashion, as the roughened zones do not correspond to the coated areas in terms of shape, perimeter, design, pattern, or surface area.The glass article of the present invention can have one more perforated zone(s). Perforated zone(s) can be used to create decorative patterns that are visible with incident light source and / or to provide visual access to the screen of display device. Any light source can be suitable in the form of display module as well as any light sources for producing graphics, icons, images, displays, etc. Exemplary displays include LED (light emitting diode) displays, a DLP (digital micromirror device) MEMS chip, LCDs (liquid crystal displays), OLED (organic light emitting diode) displays, transmissive displays and the like. Combinations of different perforated zones of different functions can be used to create appealing designs.In a preferred embodiment, the present invention further relates to a dead front article comprising the glass article of the present invention and at least a display device having at least a screen. Thesecond surface of the glass sheet is facing the display device. The dead front article completely masks the screen of the display device in the Off mode and provides a perfect see-through effect and visualisation of the screen in the On mode. Therefore, it is required that the glass article is further processed to provide a see-through effect for visual access to the screen.In this embodiment, the opaque layer further comprises a perforated zone comprising discrete openings have a dimension lower than 200pm. When the glass article is used in combination with at least one display device having at least one screen, the perforated zone is positioned in a complementary fashion to the screen. By 'in a complementary fashion', it is meant that the positioning of the perforated zone corresponds to the positioning of the screen. It is it is herein understood that the perforated zone of the opaque layer has substantially the same overall shape and occupy substantially the same relative surface area than the screen of the display device. By 'substantially the same relative surface area', it is herein understood that that the perforated zone covers at minimum 75% of the screen, preferably 90% of the screen, preferably at minimum 100% of the screen. The discrete openings of the perforated zone allows to visualize at least part of the at least one screen of at least one display device. It can be contemplated that the surface of the perforated zone extends beyond the surface of the screen, in particular when the perforated zone comprises a transition area.To facilitate further the removal by laser ablation, it is recommended that the thickness of the opaque layer (single layer or multiple layers) is uniform. By 'uniform', it is meant that the opaque layer has a thickness standard deviation equal to or lower than the lowest of either (a) Bpm (< Bpm) or (b) 20% (< 20%) of the average thickness. Preferably, the opaque layer has a thickness such that its standard deviation is equal to or lower than the lowest value of either (a) 2pm (< 2pm) or (b) 10% (< 10%), preferably 5% (< 5%), more preferably 2% (< 2%) of the average thickness. The thickness of the opaque layer is measured by a conventional a 3D optical confocal microscope. Within the opaque layer, a line of 35pm width is laser decoated across the length of the glass sheet to expose the glass surface (decoated area) and provide the zero height reference. The laser decoating process is done with a laser source with pulse duration of 10 ps and wavelength of 1064nm. The laser beam has Gaussian profile. The laser beam is coupled to a galvo scanner equipped with an f-theta lens, which has a focal length of 100 mm. The laser beam diameter at the focus of the lens is approximately 20 um. The other laser parameters are as follows: pulse repetition rate 1 MHz, average power 16 W, scanning velocity 2750 mm / s. Attention should be paid not to damage the surface of the glass sheet. The microscope will map the height of an area 100 pm x 100 pm. This 100 pm x 100 pm area should include at least part of the decoated area to provide the height reference point. The thickness of the opaque layer within the scanned area is estimated by the software integrated in the microscope and providesasingle thickness value. This measurement is repeated 10 times with a distance of 0.5 cm between each measurement.LASER DECOATINGLaser ablation is preferably used to produce such see-through effect. An apparatus for laser ablation is used to create a multitude of discrete openings or holes within the opaque layer, which together define a perforated zone positioned at least above the screen of the display device. All discrete openings defines a perforated zone, by allowing light that is incident onto the opaque layer to pass through the opaque layer and the glass sheet so that the perforated zone demonstrate a light transmission (LTD4) typically comprised between 5% and 70% depending on the application. Preferably, the perforated zone has a light transmission LTD4 equal to or greater than 10% (LTD4 > 10%), more preferably a LTD4 equal to or greater than 15% (LTD4 > 15%), LTD4 equal to or greater than 30% (LTD4 > 30%). Preferably, the perforated zone has a light transmission LTD4 equal to or lower than 50% (LTD4 < 50%).Figure 4 is a schematic view of one embodiment of the dead front article (B) of the present invention that comprises a glass article (A) and a screen (6) of a display device wherein discrete openings (4) have been created in the opaque layer (3) to form the perforated zone (5) and wherein the perforated zone is positioned in a complementary fashion to the screen.The invention is typically implemented so that the glass article is positioned above the display device so that the first surface (21) of the glass sheet (2) faces the user and the second surface (22) of the glass sheet faces the display. Hence, the opaque layer (3) is deposited on the second surface (22) of the glass sheet (2) that faces away from the user. Accordingly, the light from a light source (display) will therefore first pass through the opaque layer through openings, then through the glass substrate and will then exit from the opposite face (21).When the display is Off, the discrete openings, having such very limited size, allow the opaque layer to perfectly hide the screen of the display device and the roughening of the first surface of the glass provides a very pleasant aesthetic experience to the user. In contrast, when the display is On, the user sees perfectly the image displayed on the screen via the perforated zone, the opaque layer being hidden. The size and position of the discrete openings are selected so that in a backlit state the image displayed by the screen is perfectly visible, while a sufficient dead front effect is established in the off state.Typical ly, the apparatus for laser ablation comprises a laser and a device for guiding the laser beamemitted by the source over the surface of the glass substrate coated with the opaque layer. For example a galvanometer scanner can be employed as the device for guiding the laser beam over the surface. As known by those skilled in the art that, decoating can be done with one or multiple laser beams simultaneously to increase the processing speed. It can be achieved either by splitting one laser beam or using multiple laser sources and multiple scanners. The splitting of the laser beam can happen before or inside the scanner head. Means for displacing the glass sheet may be provided alternatively or in addition to a galvanometer scanner. Particularly suitable for this purpose is an X-Y table, also referred to as a cross table. In such an embodiment, the laser beam can be hold stationary and the openings with the desired shape can be introduced into the opaque layer by moving the X-Y table with the glass sheet substrate placed thereon. In order to ensure consistent high accuracies, it is also possible to use a synchronized scanning and displacing apparatus. In this case, the movement of table or another means for displacing the glass sheet is synchronized with the deflection of the scanner, e.g. galvanometer scanner.For focusing the laser beam on the surface in order to achieve the highest possible intensity, appropriate focusing optics may be provided. Focusing optics can be arranged downstream of galvanometer scanner. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that other configurations suitable to focus the laser beam onto the glass sheet are likewise possible. In order to achieve short focal lengths it is favorable to arrange the focusing optics behind the galvanometer scanner as seen in the beam direction. A focusing optical system, in particular a lens or group of lenses or a focusing mirror with a focal length of less than 300 mm, is preferred.For locally removing the opaque layer to create discrete openings which extends through opaque layer, the device for guiding the laser beam moves the laser beam over the surface, and the laser is adjusted so that the ablation threshold of the material of opaque layer is exceeded and thus the opaque layer is removed at the point of impingement. However, the output power of the laser is adjusted so that the ablation threshold of the glass sheet, is not reached so that only the opaque layer is removed. For glass the ablation threshold for a laser wavelength of 1064 nm is approximately 5.2*1017 W / m2.It is therefore advantageous if the materials of the glass substrate and of the opaque layer are selected so that the ablation threshold of the material of the glass substrate is higher than the ablation threshold of the opaque layer, in particular in the infrared spectral range, more particularly at a wavelength of 1064 nm.Furthermore, it is generally advantageous if the layer thickness of the opaque layer is not too large. This facilitates the removal by laser ablation. This is also advantageous for light transmission through the openings in the area of the opaque layer. If the decorative layer is too thick, the walls of the openings will have a corresponding length and will absorbs an unnecessary amount of light. On the other hand, opaque layers that are too thin are also unfavorable, in particular in view of ensuring a sufficient degree of light blocking. Preference is given to layer thicknesses of equal to or greater than more than 1 pm (> 1pm), equal to or greater than more than 2 pm (> 2pm) equal to or greater than more than 3 pm (> 3pm) and equal to or greater than more than 5 pm (> 5pm) that are generally necessary to suppress the transmission of the light from the display panel. A thickness of the opaque layer of 25pm or less, it is possible to suppress the narrowing of the viewing angle. The minimum and maximum thicknesses given above are mean values of layer thickness.The laser beam guiding device is controlled by a control device which may for instance execute a program that translates the shape and location of the pattern feature into control signals by means of which the laser beam is moved over the surface by the laser beam guiding device. Preferably, the control device also controls the laser, in particular with regard to switching on and off and laser emission.According to one exemplary embodiment, a pulsed laser was selected which can be sufficiently well focused to ablate dots of the dimensions mentioned before. This can be achieved with a neodymium- YAG laser with a wavelength of 1064 nm and a pulse length of 10 ps. A scanner with optics having a focal length of 255 mm can be employed. The M2 factor is less than 1.4, preferably less than 1.2. The tubular beam has a diameter of 12 mm. Average output power 50W at 200 kHz is typically reduced to about 4 W. Other lasers may also be used. In particular a laser with a wavelength of 532 nm and a pulse length in the range 1 - 50 nsis advantageous : the smaller wavelength allows for better focusing and the longer pulse length will prevent the material to become stained which is disadvantageous in case of light colored layer. Furthermore, lasers in the ns range have a distinct cost advantage over lasers in the short ps range.Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional extended view of a glass article (A) of Figure 4 n the example shown on the right in Figure 5, the wall of the discrete opening (4) is substantially perpendicular to the glass sheet (2). According to another embodiment illustrated on the left, the discrete opening (4b) may taper from the outer surface of the opaque layer (3) toward the second surface (22) of the glass sheet (2), i.e. being wide at one end and narrowing down at the other end. Such tapered discrete opening may be advantageous for introducing an opening even into rather thick opaque layers byrepeated or stepwise ablation. Preferably, however, the angle a between the wall of discrete opening and the surface normal of the glass sheet is smaller than 20°, preferably smaller than 15°. This angle is the mean angle of the wall which can be easily determined trigonometrically from the ratio of the width of the opening at the substrate (w) to the width at the surface of opaque layer (wt) and the thickness of opaque layer.Discrete openings have typically a width of not more than 30 pm, preferably not more than 20 pm, at the bottom of the opaque layer or at the glass sheet surface exposed in the opening.It is recognized in the art that laser ablation may cause a dark discoloration of the opaque layer. If the opaque layer itself is dark, such discoloration and hence the openings will remain invisible. However, this is different for opaque layers having a light color hue. In this case, the dark discoloration may be visible at the edges of the opening. This can be counteracted by adjusting the pulse frequency of the laser and the rate at which the laser beam is directed over the opaque layer such that the points of incidence of the laser pulses do not excessively overlap each other, which results in the desired dot pattern. According to this embodiment of the invention, it is thus even possible to produce openings that are invisible to a viewer in an opaque layer that has a color with an L value in the L*a*b color space of at least 20, preferably at least 40, more preferably at least 50. The L value of the color of the opaque layer may for example be determined using a spectrophotometer. The value relates to an exposed surface of the opaque layer, that means it is not a color value measured across the glass.According to a preferred embodiment, a top-hat profile of the laser beam is used in order to minimize the thermal impact in the peripheral area of the opening to be produced so as to avoid the staining effect. In this case, the edge regions of the initially Gaussian beam which have not enough energy for ablating the ink but yet have enough energy to heat the opaque layer to an extent to cause discoloration thereof, are eliminated. Another advantage of a top-hat profile is better contour definition, since a Gaussian profile does not permit to remove multi-layered systems with sharp contours, although this effect causes blurring on a micrometer scale that is hardly visible or not visible at all to the eye.Laser decoating is typically achieved on the second surface (22) of the glass sheet, i.e. directly on the opaque layer. However, it has been surprisingly found that laser decoating from the opposite side i.e. from the first surface (21) of the glass sheet is more effective. The discrete openings (4, 4b) have a tubular shape across the opaque layer (3) as illustrated in Figure 5. To create the discrete opening, (4, 4b), the laser beam will vaporize a very small region close (4i, 4bi) to the second glass surface (22) thatwill push away the remaining material. Laser decoating from the first surface of the glass sheet is therefore faster and more efficient.1. Discrete openingsIn the above described embodiment, the opaque layer disposed on the second surface of the glass sheet further comprises a perforated zone. Preferably, the opaque covers the entire area of the second surface of the glass sheet. By 'entire area', it is intended to mean that the majority of the surface is coated by the opaque. The term 'majority' is intended to mean almost the entire surface area, preferably the entire surface area. However, it cannot be excluded that some insignificant part(s) of the surface are not covered. The term 'insignificant' would mean having no substantial impact on the dedicated performance.The perforated zone comprises discrete openings. By 'discrete opening', it is understood that, each discrete opening has one of the dimension (diameter, longest axis or width) in the micrometer scale, typically lower than 200pm. Dimension is commonly understood as the diameter in case of circular shape, longest axis in case of elliptical shape or width in case of lines. The discrete openings are distinct from one another in the perforated display area. Discrete openings are commonly understood as discrete openings through the entire thickness of the opaque layer.The discrete openings can be created via a single or multiple laser pulses. The discrete openings have a dimension equal to or lower than 200pm, preferably equal to or lower than 100pm, preferably equal to or lower than 85pm, preferably equal to or lower than 60pm, preferably equal to or lower than 30 pm, preferably equal to or lower than 20 pm, more preferably equal to or lower than 10 pm. When the glass article of the present invention is used as a dead front article, is it further preferred that discrete openings have a dimension equal to or lower than 60pm, preferably equal to or lower than 30pm, preferably equal to or lower than 20pm, more preferably equal to or lower than 10pm. . Dimension is typically equal to or greater than 1pm, preferably greater than 3pm more preferably greater than 5pm. Indeed, it has been found that too small discrete openings can interact with the light and create artefacts as well as extending the time of the laser decoating step. The width of the discrete opening is measured at the bottom of the opaque layer or at the glass sheet surface exposed in the opening.The discrete openings or holes generally have the shape of circular dots. However, the discrete opening may as well have the shape of elongated ovals or other geometries. Preferably the holes have the shape of lines. Indeed, it is preferred to produce openings having the shape of long straight lines,positioned parallel to one other. Discrete openings in the shape of lines are preferred because of their faster processing speed. Preferably, the discrete openings in the shape of lines have a width of less than 30pm, preferably of less than 20pm, more preferably of less than 10pm. For long straight lines, it is advantageous to use a polygon scanner, because when stitching long lines a small offset might quickly be produced. Due to the offset, the line would become wider at the crossing point and therefore would appear much brighter at this point when backlit.These discrete dots form a dot pattern as a whole. The spacing between the individual discrete openings should be less than 200pm, preferably less than 150pm, more preferably less than 100pm. Typically above 7pm, preferably above 10pm, more preferably above 15pm. The spacing distance is measured center to center of two adjacent discrete openings. For discrete openings in the form of ovals or lines, the spacing distance in measured center to center in the direction normal to the length of the line.A further process parameter is the perce_n_tage_o^f_t_h_e_abLated_s_u_rfa_ce_ar_e_a in relation to the total surface area. This percentage is described by a ratio of ablated surface area to non-processed surface area within the perforated zone, i.e. the core area.In the case of dot-shaped discrete openings, the ratio of ablated surface area to non-processed surface area is determined according to the formula : R2* 100% / a2; wherein r is the radius of a dot and a is the spacing between two dots. In the case of discrete openings having a different shape, the percentage of the ablated surface area in relation to the total surface area is determined by the ratio of the summed surface areas of the discrete openings to the surface area of the non-processed surface within the perforated zone. Such areas will appear lighter or darker to the viewer, depending on the underlying layer. However, areas with an ablated percentage surface area of less than 1%, in particular less than 0.5% of the total surface area are rather uninteresting, since light applications will appear slightly pixelated. Therefore, in order to obtain an area with the highest possible resolution, surface with an ablated percentage surface area of more than 0.8%, preferably more than 1%, most preferably more than 1.5% have to be selected.Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, a transition area is created within the perforated zone along the periphery of the core area, in which further dots are ablated so that the percentage surface area, determined by the ratio of ablated surface area to non-processed surface area is lower on average within the transition area than within the core area. The percentage of the total ablated surface area comprising the core area and the transition area, can be from 10% up to 70% of the total surface area1 of the perforated zone. Such percentage surface areas can be achieved with smaller discrete openings or with larger spacings of the discrete openings.The perforated zone is positioned in a complementary fashion to the screen. It can be contemplated that the surface of the perforated zone extends over the surface of the screen, in particular when the perforated zone comprises a transition area.If, however, the glass sheet is provided with a very light color or very dark color opaque layer, the described measure might not be sufficient, since under these conditions a sufficient dead front effect is possibly not created. For example, lines having a width of 10 pm may clearly be visible especially against a light opaque layer. It has been found that the dead front effect can be improved by a technique known as dithering which is used, for example in computer graphics, to create the illusion of a greater color depth, for example when images have to be reproduced with reduced color depth due to technical limitations. In this case, the lacking colors are approximated by a specific arrangement of the pixels from available colors. In this way, hard color transitions are avoided.For ease of processing, the discrete openings of the perforated zone typically form a regular pattern, i.e. regular dimension and / or regular spacing. The spacing distance is characterised by an average spacing and a standard deviation. Regular spacing means that its standard deviation is equal to or lower than 10%, preferably equal to or lower than 5%, more preferably equal to or lower than 2% of the average spacing. Dimension is characterised by an average dimension and a standard deviation. Regular dimension means that its standard deviation is equal to or lower than 10% preferably equal to or lower than 5%, more preferably equal to or lower than 2% of the average dimension.To achieve high processing speeds, regular decoating patterns are preferred and line decoating patterns are even more preferred. However such regular decoating patterns cause optical artefacts such as diffraction and / or the Moire effect when the glass article is used in combination with a light source such as a screen. Therefore, it is preferable that the first surface comprises further an optical roughened zone positioned in a complementary fashion to the perforated zone; and the glass sheet within that optical roughened zone, provides a clarity equal to or lower than 80%, preferably equal to or lower than 50%, more preferably equal to or lower than 30%. By "positioned in a complementary fashion", it is understood that the optical roughened zone has substantially the same overall shape, perimeter shape, design, and / or pattern, and occupy at substantially the same relative surface area than the perforated zone. This means that the optical roughened zone and the perforated zone on the opposite surface are designed to match each other in terms of their geometrical features (same overallshape, perimeter shape, design, and / or pattern...) and the level of overlap. Such embodiment of the present invention achieves the combined effect of efficient and cost effective laser decoating processing of the regular pattern while a see-through zone of superior quality and rendering by avoiding optical artefacts. Clarity is measured with the parameters and device (BYK Haze-gard i) required in ASTM standard D1003 with illuminant C. "Clarity" corresponds to the portion of light that is transmitted through the glass and scattered by the final glass surface away with a different angle than the direct transmission direction (similar or parallel to the incident light rays direction) within a solid angle of 2.5° away from the direct transmission direction.The at optical roughened zone has a roughened surface having a roughened perimeter. The perforated zone has a perforated surface having perforated perimeter. The optical roughened zone is positioned in a complementary fashion to the perforated zone such that that roughened surface has substantially the shape and area than the perforated surface and the roughened perimeter is substantially the same perimeter than the perforated perimeter. In a preferred embodiment to further improve the optical surface of the perforated zone, the perimeter of the optical roughened zone can extend over the perimeter perforated zone. It can extend by an extension distance, Ax, on a section of the perforated zone perimeter or along the entire perimeter of the perforated zone.The extension distance, Ax, is preferably calculated by the following formula:Ax = 2.1*T I n * (D-W) whereinAx is the extension distance expressed in mm from the perforated zone perimeter, t is the thickness of the glass sheet expressed in mm, n is glass refractive index of the glass sheet (no unit),W is the average width of the discrete opening expressed in mm, and D is the average spacing distance expressed in mm.2. Cleaning stepRegardless of the layer thickness, the material removed by the laser might fall back on the surface in the form of dust. This dust can affect the ongoing decoating process. Furthermore, if the glass article is intended to be bonded with a display device, such dust can be detrimental. Ideally, the laser decoating device should be coupled with an exhaust pipe, which extracts the dust while they are in the air. Ideally, the glass article is washed after decoating to completely remove the contamination. The washing can consist of multiple steps using water and detergent. An additional ultrasonic washing step can be included to improve the cleaning efficiency. The final step is to rinsed the glass with pure or di-ionized water.1. Glass sheet productionThe glass article of the present invention can be rnani actujed_from_a lar^rjmoth ^lass_su^bs_trate by the following method described in WO2017 / 038853 filed by Asahi Glass Co LTD under application number WO2016JP75415 on 31 August 2016 incorporated herein by reference. This method comprises: (1) a step for preparing a glass material which has a first main surface and a second main surface, said main surfaces opposing each other; (2) a step for laser-irradiating the first main surface of the glass material so that an in-plane void area, wherein a plurality of voids are aligned, is formed in the first main surface and, at the same time, a plurality of inner void rows consisting of one or more aligned voids are formed from the in-plane void area toward the second main surface; and (3) a step for subjecting the glass material, in which the inner void rows are formed, to a chemical strengthening treatment. Please refer to the step of providing the glass material : Step 110 described in
[0034] to
[0041] , to the step of laser filamentation : Step 130 described in
[0042] to
[0078] , to the step of chemical strengthening : Step 120 described un
[0079] to
[0093] and to the separattion step : step 140 described in
[0094] to
[0133] from the corresponding EP publication EP3345877A, all incorporated herein by reference.The method may further comprise a step of cold bending after the step of separating. The cold bending is particularly appreciated for bending glass articles for interior and exterior glazing part for automotive such as glass console, dashboard, trim element for door, pillars, windshields, side windows, back windows, sun roofs, separation walls,... Cold bending is any assembling operation in which an initially flat thin glass element is deformed into a final non-flat configuration in the assembly. The thin glass in the final assembly presents a permanent unbalance of surface stresses between its two main surfaces. The assembling operation can be any kind of technology allowing to keep the thin glass in a non-flat configuration: gluing, laminating, mechanical retainers (screws, rivet, casing,...),..., applied either at punctual places or on the full surface. Preferably, for reasons of weight and to be able to cold bend easily the thickness of the glass article may be from 0.1 to 2.2 mm, 0.5 to 2.1 mm. When used as a dead front, the glass article typically covers display devices having a screen display diagonal of from 2.5cm to 25cm, preferably from 8 cm to 40 cm.Typically, the thickness of the glass sheet ranges from 0.5 to 25 mm. Preferably, the glass sheet has a sheet thickness of 2.0 mm or more, preferably of 3.0 mm or more, preferably of 3.5 mm or more, preferably of 4.5 mm or more; preferably of 5.5 mm or more, preferably of 7.5 mm or more, preferably of 9.5 mm or more and more preferably of 11.5 mm or more. Typically, the sheet thickness is of 20 mm or less, preferably 15 mm or less.For the dead front article of the present invention, the glass sheet is preferably a thin glass to reduce the light optical path and therefore the reduce light reflection and improve clarity on diffuse areas. In a preferred dead front embodiment the thickness of the glass sheet is equal to or lower than 2mm, preferably equal to or lower than 1.6mm, more preferably equal to or lower than 1.3mm and even more preferably equal to or lower than 0.7mm.2. Glass compositionThe composition of the glass is preferably appropriate to be chemically tempered and for transportation applications. The glass sheet may be a soda-lime-silicate glass, an alumino-silicate glass, an alkali-free glass, a boro-silicate glass, etc. Preferably, the glass sheet of the invention is made of a soda-lime glass or an alumino-silicate glass. The glass sheet according to the invention may be a glass sheet obtained by a floating process, a drawing process, a rolling process or any other process known to manufacture a glass sheet starting from a molten glass composition. The glass may be clear glass, extra-clear glass or colored glass, comprising one or more component (s) / colorant(s) in an appropriate amount as a function of the effect desired. Colored glass includes grey, green or blue float glass. In some circumstances, colored glass may be advantageous to provide for appropriate and desired color of the final glazing, within the limitations of applicable legislation.Soda-lime-silicate glass relates to any mineral glass which comprises the following components in weight percentage, expressed with respect to the total weight of glass (Comp. A). More preferably, the glass composition (Comp. B) is a soda-lime-silicate-type glass with a base glass matrix of the composition comprising the following components in weight percentage, expressed with respect to the total weight of glass.Other advantageous glass compositions for the mineral glass of the present invention, comprise the following components in weight percentage, expressed with respect to the total weight of glass:According to certain embodiments of the invention, the glass may have a composition comprising a total iron (expressed in terms of Fe2O3) content ranging from 0.002 to 0.06 weight%. A total iron (expressed in the form of Fe2O3) content of less than or equal to 0.06 weight% makes it possible to obtain a mineral glass with almost no visible coloration. Preferably, the composition comprises a total iron (expressed in the form of Fe2O3) content ranging from 0.002 to 0.04 weight%. More preferably, the composition comprises a total iron (expressed in the form of Fe2O3) content ranging from 0.002 to 0.020 weight%. Advantageously, for extra-clear mineral glass, the composition comprises a total iron (expressed in the form of Fe2O3) content ranging from 0.002 to 0.015 weight% for the lowest visible light absorption.3. Glass strengthening The glass sheet according to the invention can advantageously be strengthened : heat strengthened glass, a thermally toughened glass, or a chemically strengthened glass.Heat strengthened glass is heat treated using a method of controlled heating and cooling which places the glass surfaces under compression and the glass core under tension. This heat treatment method delivers a glass with a bending strength greater than annealed glass but less than thermally toughened safety glass.Thermally toughened safety glass is heat treated using a method of controlled heating and cooling which puts the glass surface under compression and the glass core under tension. Such stresses cause the glass, when impacted, to break into small granular particles instead of splintering into jagged shards.Chemical strengthening of a glass article is a heat induced ion-exchange, involving replacement of smaller alkali sodium ions in the surface layer of glass by larger ions, for example alkali potassium ions. Increased surface compression stress occurs in the glass as the larger ions "wedge" into the small sites formerly occupied by the sodium ions. Such a chemical treatment is generally carried out by immerging the glass in an ion-exchange molten bath containing one or more molten salt(s) of the larger ions, with a precise control of temperature and time.4. Additional layersAccording to the application, intended use and / or properties desired, various layer(s) / treatment(s) can be deposited / done on one or both faces of the glass article or glass sheet.According to one embodiment of the invention, the glass article can be coated with at least one transparent and electrically conducting thin layer. A transparent and conducting thin layer according to the invention can, for example, be a layer based on SnOz:F, SnO2:Sb or ITO (indium tin oxide), ZnO:AI or also ZnO:Ga. According to another embodiment of the invention, the glass article can be coated with at least one antireflection layer. This embodiment is advantageous in the case of use of the glass article of the invention as front cover of a screen. An antireflection layer can, for example, be a layer based on porous silica having a low refractive index or it can be composed of several layers (stack), in particular a stack of layers of dielectric material alternating layers having low and high refractive indexes and terminating in a layer having a low refractive index. According to still another embodiment of the invention, the glass article has an antibacterial layer / treatment. Advantageously, according to this embodiment, the glass article has said antibacterial layer / treatment on the second textured surface. For example, such an antibacterial treatment could be a diffusion of silver ions in the bulk of the glass sheet close to the outer surface.Advantageously, according to one embodiment, the glass article has an anti-fingerprint layer and / or and / or easy to clean coating and / or treatment on the first surface of the glass sheet. In a preferred embodiment, the glass article has at least one anti-fingerprint layer / treatment so as to reduce or prevent fingerprints from registering. Anti-fingerprint (AFP) coating is a specialized surface treatment designed to reduce the visibility of fingerprints and smudges on surfaces. It is achieved by incorporating hydro- / oleophobic properties, making the surface hydrophobic (repelling water) and oleophilic (attracting oils), which minimizes fingerprint marks An anti-fingerprint coating may prove useful to avoid interferences of light from the viewing area. The fingerprints will be less visible from the outside, and provide for improved aesthetics. Examples of anti-fingerprint coatings include fluorinated polyethers, silanes, fluoro-silanes, siloxanes, fluorinated siloxanes, phosphonates, fluoro- organic compounds, perfluorocarbon-containing materials, and the like. These anti-fingerprint coatings are known in the art.The present invention also relates to methods for producing the glass article and for producing the dead front article of the present invention. The method comprises: a) providing a glass sheet comprising a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface; b) forming an opaque layer on at least a portion, preferably on the entire area of a the second surface of the glass sheet; c) forming at least a roughened zone on the first surface of the glass to form a decorative pattern; and d) If necessary, repeating step c) for each roughened zone(s) to be formed.In a preferred embodiment, step c) wherein the at least a roughened zone is formed can be achieved via an etching process comprising at least the steps of : i. disposing an etch resistant mask on a portion of the first surface of the glass sheet; ii. etching the first surface of the glass sheet; ill. removing the etch resistant mask.Steps b) and c) can be performed in any process order.When the decorative zone further comprises a perforated zone, in particular to produce the dead front article of the present invention, the method further comprises the steps of: e) Creating, preferably by laser ablation, a perforated zone within the opaque layer via discrete openings having a dimension lower than 200pm.The laser ablation Step e) can be performed as soon as opaque layer deposition step b) has occurred.As described above, typically, the discrete openings will be typically created by directing a pulsed laser beam onto the opaque layer to locally remove the opaque layer by ablation, repeatedly at different locations, thereby producing a pattern of a multitude of discrete openings defining a perforated zone in the opaque layer above the screen of the display device so that the opaque layer becomes semitransparent in the perforated zone.The present invention also relates to the use of the glass article and of the dead front article for car interior application, home appliances and / or integrated interactive display.The person skilled in the art realizes that the present invention is by no means limited to the preferred embodiments described above. On the contrary, many modifications and variations are possible within the scope of the appended claims. It is further noted that the invention relates to all possible combinations of features, and preferred features, described herein and recited in the claims or in the described embodiments.It is well understood by persons skilled in the art that, as used herein the terms "a", "an" or "the" means at least "one" and should not be limited to "only one" unless explicitly stated otherwise. As used herein, spatial or directional terms, such as "inner", "outer", "above", "below", "top", "bottom", and the like, relate to the invention as it is shown in the drawing figures. However, it is to be understood that the invention can assume various alternative orientations and, accordingly, such terms are not to be considered as limiting. Further, all numbers expressing dimensions, physical characteristics, processing parameters, quantities of ingredients, reaction conditions, and the like, used in the specification and claims are to be understood as being modified in all instances by the term "about". Accordingly, unless indicated to the contrary, the numerical values set forth in the following specification and claims are approximations that can vary depending upon the desired properties sought to be obtained by the present invention. In the following description, unless otherwise specified, expression "substantially" mean to within 10%, preferably to within 5%.Furthermore, the terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a sequence, either temporally, spatially, in ranking or in any other manner. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances and that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in other sequences than described or illustrated herein. When it is described that a constituent element (e.g., a first constituent element) is "(functionally or communicatively) coupled to" or is "connected to" another constituent element (e.g., a second constituent element), it should be understood that the constituent element may be directly connected to the another constituent element or may be connected to the another constituent element through another constituent element (e.g., a third constituent element).EXAMPLES1. First partial roughening phaseIn order to achieve the decorative pattern by the roughened zone(s), a numeric file containing the desired design is created on a software such as Adobe Illustrator® or Adobe photoshop®. This numeric file will be used for the partial roughening phase to define the areas where the glass sheet should not be exposed to the roughening process and so create the decorative pattern.A glass sheet having a thickness of 0.3mm to 10.0mm, preferably from 0.4mm to 5.0mm, more preferably from 0.5mm to 3.0mm, is used. The glass sheet has a first surface and a second surface. The first surface will face the interior of the car.Please refer to the first 4 steps shown in Figure 2. An etch-resisting mask is applied on the first surface of the glass sheet by any techniques, preferably by inkjet printing or screen printing (Step (ii)). The mask is indeed an etch resistant material, such as an epoxy ink or acrylic ink, either IR-curable or UV- curable; or is a mechanical barrier. The pattern of the mask corresponds to the portion of the first surface that should not be roughened.The glass sheet is exposed to an etching solution or to a sandblasting process or any glass texturing technology (Step (iii)). The texturing will occur only in the zones that are not protected by the previous masking step. The mask is removed by a mechanical action (brushes) or water jet or chemical cleaning (dissolution of the mask) (Step (iv)).For each example 1-4 below, a sheet of soda-lime-silicate glass (SLS) sold under the tradename Sunmax or Sunmax Premium by AGC glass Europe having a thickness of 0.7 mm thickness (10cm x 10cm) was washed with an aqueous detergent and dried. A mask was printed on the first surface by inkjet printing with a specific pattern. The masking ink is an acrylic ink, UV curable, such as "Superimage" inks from OCE. A masking tape was applied to the full surface of the second surface of the glass sheet in order to protect it during the etching process. Then, the glass was dipped in 200 mL of an acid-etching solution at 20-25°C during a time, t. The glass sheet is then removed from the etching bath and immediately washed with an aqueous detergent. The printed mask and the masking tape were removed by hot water and mechanical action (sponge or soft brush) directly after rinsing.Different etching solutions or different techniques during different periods of time were used for examples 1-7: the acid-etching aqueous solution comprises KHF2at 1.5 mol%, SnCI2at 0.25 mol%, HF at1.0 mol% and HNO3 at 0,5 mol%. The etching time is 30 seconds. The roughened zone is characterized by textures features: Ra(ZOnej of 80nm and Rsm(ZOne) of 12pm. Typically, the non-roughened portion of the first surface has a Rajborder) = 0,5nm and Rsm jborder) = 0pm (assumption for mathematical computation easiness), the roughness difference between roughened and non-roughened zones is ARa = 79,5nm ( | Ra(zOne) - Raider) | = 79,5 nm) and a ARsm = 12pm ( | Rsm(zOne) - Rsmjborder) | = 12pm). the same acid-etching aqueous solution than for example 1 is used but with an etching time of 60 seconds. The roughened zone is characterized by textures features: RajZOne) of llOnm and Rsmjzone) of 15pm. Typically, the non-roughened portion of the first surface has a Rajborder) = 0,5nm and Rsmjborder) = 0pm (assumption for mathematical computation easiness), the roughness difference between roughened and non-roughened zones is ARa = 109, 5nm ( | RajZOne) - Rajborder) | = 109,5 nm) and a ARsm = 15pm ( | Rsm(zOne) - Rsmjborder) | = 15pm ). the acid-etching aqueous solution comprises KHF2at 1.5 mol%, SnCI2at 0.25 mol%, HF at1.0 mol% and H2SO40.5 mol%. The etching time is 90 seconds. The roughened zone is characterized by textures features: RajZOne) of 98nm and RsmjZOne) of 25pm. Typically, the non-roughened portion of the first surface has a Rajborder) = 0,5nm and Rsm jborder) = 0pm (assumption for mathematical computation easiness), the roughness difference between roughened and non-roughened zones is ARa = 97,5nm ( | Ra(zOne) - Rajborder) | = 97,5 nm ) and a ARsm = 25pm ( | Rsm(zOne) - Rsmjborder) | = 25pm). the same acid-etching aqueous solution than for example 3 is used and the etching time is30 seconds. The roughened zone characterized by textures features: RajZOne) of 40nm and RsmjZOne) of15pm . Typical ly, the non-roughened portion of the first surface has a Rajborder) = 0,5nm and Rsmjborder) = Opm (assumption for mathematical computation easiness), the roughness difference between roughened and non-roughened zones is ARa = 39,5nm ( | Ra(ZOne) - Rajborder) | = 39,5 nm) and a ARsm = 15pm ( I Rsmjzone) - Rsmjborder) | = 15pm). another glass sheet of the same thickness but of a type of alumino-silicate glass composition sold under the Trademane 'Falcon Glass' by AGC glass Europe was used. The acid-etching aqueous solution comprises : NH4HF2 at 4.5 mol%, SnCL at 0.25 mol%, HF at 4.0 mol% and HNO3 5 mol%. The etching time is 60 seconds. The roughened zone is characterized by textures features: Rajzone) of 31nm and Rsmjzone) of 14pm. Typically, the non-roughened portion of the first surface has a Rajborder)— 0,5nm and Rsmjborder) = Opm (assumption for mathematical computation easiness), the roughness difference between roughened and non-roughened zones is ARa = 30,5nm ( | RajZOne) - Rajborder) | = 30,5 nm) and a ARsm = 14pm ( | Rsmjzone) - Rsmjborder) | = 14pm ).Example 6: The same glass sheet as in example 5 is used but the roughness process on the first surface of the glass sheet is performed by sandblasting after the mask printing. The sand used is a siliconecarbide based sand, with a 80 to 400 grit. The roughened zone is characterized by textures features: Rajzone) of 350nm and Rsmjzone) of 90pm. Typically, the non-roughened portion of the first surface has a Rajborder) = 0,5nm and Rsmjborder) = 0pm (assumption for mathematical computation easiness), the roughness difference between roughened and non-roughened zones is ARa = 349, 5nm ( | RajZOne) - Rajborder) | = 349,5 nm) and a ARsm = 90pm ( | Rsmjzone) - Rsmjborder) | = 90pm )Example 7: is similar to example 5, but the mask printing step is performed by silk screen printing, using an epoxy ink IR curable, cured in a static oven at 180°C for 15 minutes.2. Partial roughening multiple steps processIn addition to the partial roughening first phase, a second or even multiple partial roughening phase(s) can be achieved. Please refer to the steps described in Figure 3.The second partial texturing phase can be used to create a second roughened zone. The absolute difference between RaljZOne) and Ra2jZOne) is preferably be at least 25 nm ( | RaljZOne) -Ra2jZOne) | > 25 nm). Preferably, the first and second roughened zones are characterized by an absolute difference between Rsmljzone) and Rsm2jZOne) is at least 2 pm ( | RsmljZOne) - Rsm2(ZOne) | > 2 pm).A second etch resistant mask is applied on the first surface of the glass sheet by any techniques, preferably by inkjet printing or screen printing. The mask material can be as an epoxy ink or acrylicink, either IR-curable or UV-curable; or is a mechanical barrier. The pattern of the mask corresponds to the portion of the first surface that should not be roughened.The glass sheet is exposed to an etching solution or to a sandblasting process or any glass texturing technology. The roughening will occur only in the zones that are not protected by the second masking step. The mask is removed by a mechanical action (brushes) or water jet or chemical cleaning (dissolution of the mask).Such partial roughnening phase can be repeated to create any additional roughened zone(s). The second partial roughening phase can create distinct or overlapping roughening zones.Some of the etched glass sheet of examples 1 to 7 were taken to a second partial roughening process. The second mask is printed as described in the above examples, and the first surface of the glass sheet is exposed to second etching solution (or sandblasting), with different process conditions (different etching solution formulation or different sand).Example 8: is performed on the glass sheet of example 6 wherein the first roughening zone is characterized by Ra(ZOnej is 350nm and Rsm(ZOne) is 90pm. The second acid-etching aqueous solution comprises NH4HF2 at 4.5 mol%, SnCL at 0.25 mol%, HF at 4.0 mol% and HNO35 mol%. The etching time is 60 seconds. The second roughened zone is characterized by textures features of Ra2(ZOnej of 31nm and Rsm2(ZOnej of 14pm.The roughness difference between the two roughened zones is ARa = 319 nm ( | Ra(ZOne) - Ra2(zOne ) | = 319 nm) and a ARsm = 76 pm ( | Rsm(zOne) - Rsm2(zOne) | = 76 pm).Example 9: is achieved on the glass sheet of example 3 wherein the first roughening zone is characterized by Ra(ZOnej of 98nm and Rsm(ZOnej of 25pm. The second acid-etching aqueous solution comprises HF at 2.5 mol% and HNO3 at 2.5 mol%. The etching time is 90 seconds. The second roughened zone is characterized by textures features of Ra2(ZOnej of 72 and Rsm2(ZOnej of 27. The roughness difference between the two roughened zones is ARa = 26 nm ( | Ra(ZOnej - Ra2(ZOnej | = 26 nm) and a ARsm = 2 pm ( | Rsm(ZOnej - Rsm2(ZOnej | = 2 pmExample 10: consists of exposing the first surface of the glass sheet of example 5 wherein the first roughening zone is characterized by Ra(ZOnej of 31nm and Rsm(ZOnej of 14pm, to a sandblasting process, using aluminum oxide with a 400-600 grit. The second roughened zone is characterized by textures features of Ra2(ZOnej of 340 and Rsm2(ZOnej of 95. The roughness difference between the two roughened zones is ARa = 309 nm ( | Ra(ZOnej - Ra2(ZOnej | = 309 nm) and a ARsm = 81 pm ( | Rsm(ZOnej - Rsm2(ZOnej | = 81 pm.3. Opaque layerAn opaque layer is added to the glass sheet that has been partially roughened to form the glass article of the present invention as illustrated in step (v) of Figure 2 and Figure 3. The application of the opaque layer on the second surface of the glass sheet can be achieved before or after the partial etching process, preferably after achieving the partial (multi-) etching process.Example 11 : Glass articlea) f irstpartiaj roughening phaseA glass sheet of 1.1mm thickness (8cm x 20cm) of a type of alumino-silicate glass composition sold under the Trademane 'Falcon Glass' by AGC glass Europe was washed with an aqueous detergent and dried.An etch resistant mask was printed on the first surface of the glass sheet. The pattern of the mask corresponds to negative image of the first roughened zone to be created. The ink used for the etch resistant mask is an acryclic ink, UV curable, such as "Superimage" inks from OCE. A masking tape is applied to the second surface of the glass sheet in order to protect it during the etching process. The glass sheet was dipped in 200 mL of an acid-etching solution at 20-25°C during 30s. The acid-etching aqueous solution comprises : NH4HF2 at 12 mol%, SnCL at 0.2 mol%, HF at 15.0 mol% and HNO3 at 17 mol%. The glass sheet is then removed from the dipping etching bath and immediately washed with an aqueous detergent. The printed mask and masking tape are removed by hot water and mechanical action (sponge or soft brush) directly after the rinsing.The first roughened zone creates the first part of the decorative pattern. It is characterized by texture features: Ral(ZOnej of 370nm and Rsml(ZOne) of 52pm. This results in optical properties of Gloss of 23 G.U. (VLG, EHD) and diffusion of 98%, providing a very mat aspect. Typically, the non-roughened portion of the first surface has a Rajborder) = 0,5nm and Rsmjbor er) = 0pm (assumption for mathematical computation easiness), the roughness difference between roughened zone and non-roughened border is ARa = 369, 5nm ( | Ral(zone) - Raider) | = 369,5 nm) and a ARsm = 52pm ( | Rsml(ZOne) - Rsmjbor er) | = 52pm). b) Second pa rtial_ro_u^hen£ng^ phaseA second partial roughening process is then achieved with the same technical parameters and conditions that described just above. The pattern of the second etch resistant mask corresponds tonegative image of the second roughened zone to be created. The second partial roughening phase differs from the first roughening phase in that the glass sheet is dipped in 200 mL of an acid solution at 20-25°C during 60s. The acid-etching solution comprises HF at 10 mol% and HNO3 at 10 mol%.The second roughened zone creates the second part of the decorative pattern. It is characterized by textures features: Ra2(ZOnej of 260nm and Rsm2(ZOne) of 50pm. This results in optical properties of Gloss of 45 G.U. (LG, VHD) and diffusion of 94%, providing a lighter mat aspect, reflecting more direct light. The roughness difference between the two roughened zones is ARa = 90 nm, ( | Ral(ZOnej - Ra2(ZOnej | = 110 nm) and a ARsm = 2 pm, ( | Rsml(ZOnej - Rsm2(ZOnej | = 2 pm.The opaque layer is then applied to the second surface of the glass sheet. The ink NoriGlass 960 Deep Black is applied via screen-printing technology, and is characterized by a LTD4 of 0,1%.As illustrated in Figure 6, the glass article of this example comprises a geometrical decorative pattern created by the two roughened zones with very smooth touch feeling, and an opaque layer on the entire area of the second surface. The second partial roughening phase creates overlapping first and second roughening zones to create some 3D effect. The glass article exhibits a very nice haptic rendering and a very nice visual decorative pattern thanks to the different roughened zones.4. Dead front articleFigure 7 illustrates a dead front article picturing a wood grain pattern. In the left picture, the display device is Off and the opaque layer is perfectly hiding the display device underneath. In the right picture, the display device is On and the user can perfectly see the image displayed on the screen without any remaining hint of the opaque layer deposited in the second surface of the glass sheet.Example 12 : Dead front articlea) first rough_e_njng haseA first roughening step was achieved on the entire area of the first surface. A glass sheet of 1.1mm thickness (8cm x 20cm) of a type of alumino-silicate glass composition sold under the Trademane 'Falcon Glass' by AGC glass Europe was washed with an aqueous detergent and dried.A masking tape is applied to the second surface of the glass sheet in order to protect it during the etching process. The entire area of the first surface of the glass sheet is etched in a first step : The glass sheet was dipped in 200 mL of an acid-etching solution at 20-25°C during 30s. The acid-etching aqueous solution comprises : KHF? at 2.5 mol %, SnCL at 0.25 mol %, HF at 2.5 mol% and HNO3 at 0.5mol%. The glass sheet is then removed from the dipping etching bath and immediately washed with an aqueous detergent. The masking tape is removed directly after the rinsing.The roughened surface is characterized by textures features: Ra(fUii> of 200nm and Rsm(fUii) of 15pm. This results in optical properties of Gloss of 23 G.U. (VLG, HD) and diffusion of 65%, providing a very mat aspect. b) PaLtial_roughenLng_phas_eAn etch resistant mask was printed on the first surface of the glass sheet. The pattern of the mask corresponds to negative image of the first roughened zone to be created. The ink used for the etch resistant mask is an acrylic ink, UV curable, such as "Superimage" inks from OCE. A masking tape is applied to the second surface of the glass sheet in order to protect it during the etching process. The glass sheet is dipped in 200 mL of an acid solution at 20-25°C during 60s. The acid-etching solution comprises HF at 2.5 mol% and HNO3 at 25 mol%. The glass sheet is then removed from the dipping etching bath and immediately washed with an aqueous detergent. The etch resistant mask and masking tape are removed by hot water and mechanical action (sponge or soft brush) directly after the rinsing.The second roughened zone creates a wood grain decorative pattern. It is characterized by texture features: Ra(ZOnej of 112nm and Rsm(ZOne) of 13pm. This results in optical properties of Gloss of 40 G.U. (LG, VHD) and diffusion of 25%, providing a lighter mat aspect, reflecting more direct light. The roughness difference between the first roughened zone and the fully roughened surface, is ARa = 88 nm, ( | Ra(fuii) - Ra(zOne) | = 88 nm) and a ARsm = 2 pm, ( | Rsm (fuii) - Rsm(zOne) | = 2 pm). c) QpacjueJayer depositionThe opaque layer is then applied to the second surface of the glass sheet, covering 100% of the second surface area. An ink layer of 10 pm thickness was deposited by screen printing. The ink is NoriGlass 960 Deep Black and has LTD4 less than 5%. d) Laser decoatingA portion of the opaque layer above the screen of the display is laser decoated to provide visual access to the screen. The decoating process is done with a laser source with pulse duration of 10 ps and wavelength of 1064 nm. The laser beam has Gaussian profile. The laser beam is coupled to a galvo scanner equipped with an f-theta lens, which has a focal length of 100 mm. The laser beam diameterat the focus of the lens is approximately 20 urn. The other laser parameters are as follows: pulse repetition rate 1 MHz, average power 16 W, scanning velocity 2750 mm / s. With these settings, the discrete openings are parallel decoated lines created within the opaque layer. The line width is roughly 25 pm and the distance between the lines is set at 60 pm. A perforated zone corresponding to 100% of the surface of the screen is created.The dead front article of the present invention illustrated in Figure 7 can be used as a car interior element and provide the required superior aesthetics required by high-end car manufacturers. The dead front article completely masks the screen of the display device in the Off mode and provides a perfect see-through effect and visualisation of the screen in the On mode. The dead front article of the present invention provides additionally a superior haptic and visual experience.
Claims
CLAIMS1. A glass article (A) comprising: a) a glass sheet (2) comprising a first surface (21) and a second surface (22) opposite to the first surface, wherein the first surface comprises at least one roughened zone (1) that creates a decorative pattern; b) an opaque layer (3) disposed on at least a portion, preferably on the entire area, of the second surface of the glass sheet having a light transmittance equal to or lower than 50% (TLD4 < 50%) wherein TLD4 is determined according to the IS09050 standard for a thickness of 4 mm at a solid observation angle of 2° (with illuminant D65) and for a wavelength range between 380 and 1070 nm.
2. The glass article according to claim 1 wherein the opaque layer has a light transmittance equal to or lower than 30% (TLD4 < 30%), preferably equal to or lower than 10% (TLD4 < 10%), preferably equal to or lower than 5% (TLD4 < 5%) and more preferably equal to or lower than 2% (TLD4 < 2%) .
3. The glass article according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the at least one roughened zone is bordered by at least one border area and wherein the least one roughened zone has a mean surface roughness defined by an arithmetic amplitude value, Ra(zone), and the border area has a mean surface roughness defined by an arithmetic amplitude value, Rajborder); wherein the absolute difference between Ra(ZOne) and Rajborder) is at least 25 nm ( | Ra(ZOne) - Rajborder) | > 25 nm); preferably at least 50 nm ( | RajZOne) - Rajborder) | > 50 nm), more preferably at least 100 nm ( | RajZOne) - Rajborder) | > 100 nm), and even more preferably at least 200 nm ( | RajZOne) - Rajborder) | > 200 nm); wherein Ra is measured on an evaluation length of 12 mm and with a Gaussian filter of which the cut-off wavelength is 0.8 mm.
4. The glass article according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the at least one roughened zone is bordered by at least one border area and wherein the at least one roughened zone has also a mean surface roughness defined by an spacing value, RsmjZOne) and the border area has a mean surface roughness defined by a spacing value, Rsmjborder) and wherein the absolute difference between RsmjZOne) and Rsmjborder) is at least 2 pm ( | Rsmjzone) - Rsmjborder) | > 2 pm ); preferably of at least 3 pm ( | Rsm(zone) - Rsm (bOrder) | > 3 pm), preferably at least 10 pm ( | Rsmjzone) - Rsmjborder) | > 10 pm), more preferably at least20 pm ( | Rsm(zone) - Rsmjbor erj l > 20 pm), and even more preferably at least 30 pm ( | Rsm(zone) -Rsm(bor er) | > 30 pm); wherein Rsm is measured on an evaluation length of 12 mm and with a Gaussian filter of which the cut-off wavelength is 0.8 mm.
5. The glass article according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first surface comprises at least 2 roughened zones, the first roughened zone has a Ral(ZOne) and the second roughened zone has Ra2(Zonej; and wherein the first and second roughened zones are characterized by different roughness such that there is preferably an absolute difference between Ral(ZOne) and Ra2(zone) of at least 25 nm ( | Ral(ZOne) - Ra2(ZOne) | > 25 nm); preferably at least 50 nm ( | Ral(zone) - Ra2(zonej) | > 50 nm), more preferably at least 100 nm ( | Ral(ZOne) -Ra2(ZOne) | > 100 nm), even more preferably at least 200 nm ( | Ral(ZOne) -Ra2(ZOne) | > 200 nm).
6. The glass article according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first surface comprises at least 2 roughened zones, the first roughened zone has a Rsml(ZOne) and the second roughened zone has Rsm2(ZOne); and wherein the first and second roughened zones are characterized by different roughness such that there is preferably an absolute difference between Rsml(ZOne) and Rsm2(zonej of at least 2 pm ( | Rsml(ZOne) - Rsm2(ZOne) | > 2 pm); preferably of at least 3 pm ( | Rsm(zone) - Rsm(border) | > 3 pm); preferably at least 10 pm ( | Rsml(ZOne) - Rsm2(ZOne) | > 10 pm), more preferably at least 20 pm ( | Rsml(ZOne) - Rsm2(ZOne) | > 20 pm), and even more preferably at least 30 pm ( | Rsml(ZOne) -Rsm2(ZOne) | > 30 pm).
7. The glass article according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the decorative pattern of the roughened zone(s) is a leather grain pattern, a wood grain pattern, a fabric pattern, a stone pattern, a brushed metal finish pattern, a carbon fiber pattern and / or a geometrical pattern.
8. The glass article according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the opaque layer has a thickness (T) equal to or greater than 1 pm (T > 1 pm), preferably equal to or greater than 2 pm (T > 2 pm), preferably equal to or greater than 3 pm (T > 3 pm), more preferably equal to or greater than 5 pm (T > 5 pm) and / or equal to or lower than 40 pm (T < 40 pm), preferably equal to or lower than 30 pm (T < 30 pm), preferably equal to or lower than 25 pm (T < 25 pm), preferably equal to or lower than 20 pm (T < 20 pm), preferably equal toor lower than 15 pm (T < 15 pm), more preferably equal to or lower than 12 pm (T < 12 pm).
9. A glass article according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the opaque layer has an average thickness and a standard deviation; and wherein the standard deviation is equal to or lower than the lowest of either (a) 3pm or (b) 20% of the average thickness, preferably is equal to or lower than the lowest of either (a) 2pm or (b) 10%, preferably 5%, more preferably 2% of the average thickness.
10. A glass article according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the an opaque layer is decorative layer comprising a background having a background color and at least one foreground having a foreground color and wherein the difference of color Delta E as calculated as per the CIE technical report 15:2004 is equal to or greater than 1 (AE>1), preferably equal to or greater than 2 (AE>2) preferably equal to or greater than 5 (AE>5), more preferably equal to or greater than 10 (AE>10), and even more preferably equal to or greater than 25 (AE>25).
11. A glass article according to claim 10 wherein the at least one roughened zone is positioned on the first surface of the glass sheet in a complementary fashion to the background and / or to the at least one foreground.
12. The glass article according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the glass sheet is a strengthened glass, preferably a chemically strengthened glass.
13. The glass article according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the first surface of the glass article face is coated with an anti-finger print coating.
14. A glass article according to any of the preceding claims wherein the opaque layer has a perforated zone (5) comprising discrete openings (4) having a dimension equal to or lower than 200 pm.
15. A glass article according to claim 14 wherein the discrete openings are spaced from each other by a spacing distance equal to or lower than 200pm, preferably by equal to or lower than 150pm, more preferably equal to or lower than 100pm.
16. A glass article according to any one of the preceding claims 14-15 wherein the discrete openings are in the shape of lines having a width equal to or lower than 30pm, preferably equal to or lower than 20pm, preferably of equal to or lower than 10pm.
17. A glass article according to any one of the preceding claims 14 to 16Wherein the spacing distance is characterised by an average spacing and a standard deviation and wherein the standard deviation is equal to or lower than 10%, preferably equal to or lower than 5%, preferably equal to or lower than 2% of the average spacing and / or wherein the dimension characterised by an average dimension and a standard deviation and wherein the standard deviation is equal to or lower than 10%, preferably equal to or lower than 5%, preferably equal to or lower than 2% of the average dimension;Wherein the first surface comprises an optical roughened zone positioned in a complementary fashion to the perforated zone; andWherein the glass sheet within the optical roughened zone, provides a clarity equal to or lower than 80%, preferably equal to or lower than 50%, more preferably equal to or lower than 30%.
18. A glass article according to claim 17 wherein the optical roughened zone has a roughened surface; the perforated zone has a perforated surface and perforated perimeter; and wherein the surface of the optical roughened zone extends over the surface of the perforated zone, by an extension distance from the perforated zone perimeter, Ax, wherein the extension distance is preferably calculated by the following formula:Ax = 2.1*T / nglass*(D-W) wherein■ Ax is the extension distance expressed in mm,■ T thickness of the glass sheet expressed in mm,■ n is glass refractive index of the glass sheet,■ W is the average width of the discrete opening expressed in mm, and■ D the average spacing distance expressed in mm.
19. A dead front article (B) comprising the glass article (A) according to any one of the preceding claims 14 to 18 and at least a display device having at least a screen (6) wherein the second surface (22) of the glass sheet (2) is facing the display device and wherein the perforated zone (5) is positioned in a complementary fashion to the screen.
Citation Information
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