Passive frequency conversion remote radio device, and distributed antenna construction system and system control method therefor

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to the technical field of communications. Provided are a passive frequency conversion remote radio device, and a distributed antenna construction system and a system control method therefor. The passive frequency conversion remote radio device comprises a multi-module connection circuit and a plurality of passive frequency conversion modules, wherein the passive frequency conversion modules are cascaded by means of the multi-module connection circuit; and each passive frequency conversion module comprises a circuit board and a plurality of sub-modules provided on the circuit board. In the present disclosure, passive frequency conversion modules having the same structure are integrated into a multi-layer circuit board, thereby simplifying the structure and reducing the volume. Additionally, in the present disclosure, an improved long short-term memory network structure is used to train a model, and the system state of a distributed antenna construction system is switched on the basis of communication data traffic predicted by the model, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the system.

Description

Passive frequency conversion remote radio frequency equipment, indoor distribution system construction system and its system control method

[0001] Cross-reference to related applications

[0002] This disclosure is based on and claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411015861.7, filed on July 26, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This disclosure relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a passive frequency conversion remote radio frequency device, an indoor distribution system, and a system control method thereof. Background Technology

[0004] Currently, passive frequency converter modules play a crucial role in the communications field, but their design complexity and space occupation are significant factors restricting their widespread application. The complex circuit structure and large size of traditional passive frequency converter modules result in complex and bulky equipment structures. Therefore, simplifying the design of passive frequency converter modules is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This disclosure provides a passive frequency converter remote radio frequency device, an indoor distribution system, and a system control method thereof, which solves the problem of the complex structure of the passive frequency converter module in the prior art, simplifies the structure of the passive frequency converter module, and thus reduces its size.

[0006] This disclosure provides a passive frequency conversion remote radio frequency device, including: a multi-module connection circuit and a plurality of passive frequency conversion modules; each of the passive frequency conversion modules is cascaded through the multi-module connection circuit; each of the passive frequency conversion modules includes a circuit board and a plurality of sub-modules disposed on the circuit board.

[0007] According to the present disclosure, a passive frequency conversion remote radio frequency device is provided, wherein the plurality of passive frequency conversion modules are stacked.

[0008] According to the passive frequency conversion remote radio frequency device provided in this disclosure, each of the circuit boards has a through hole at at least one preset same position, and the inner surface of the through hole is provided with a metal layer to realize the electrical connection between the circuit boards.

[0009] According to the present disclosure, a passive frequency conversion remote radio frequency device is provided, wherein the passive frequency conversion module is used to generate multiple radio frequency signals; wherein each of the radio frequency signals has a different frequency; the signals include radio frequency signals carrying data information and radio frequency signals providing energy.

[0010] According to a passive frequency conversion remote radio frequency device provided in this disclosure, the plurality of sub-modules of the passive frequency conversion module include: a high-speed transmission interface, a signal transceiver, a power amplifier (PA), a circulator, and a filter; the high-speed transmission interface and the filter are sequentially connected through the signal transceiver, the PA, and the circulator; the signal transceiver is used to receive the signal output by the high-speed transmission interface; the PA is used to amplify the signal output by the signal transceiver; the circulator is used to directionally transmit the amplified signal output by the PA; and the filter is used to filter the signal output by the circulator.

[0011] According to a passive frequency conversion remote radio frequency device provided in this disclosure, the plurality of sub-modules of the passive frequency conversion module further include: a low noise amplifier (LNA), a radio frequency module (RF) switch, and a monitoring circuit; the signal transceiver and the monitoring circuit are connected sequentially through the LNA and the RF switch; the LNA is used to enhance the signal output by the signal transceiver; the RF switch is used to select the direction and path of the signal output by the LNA; and the monitoring circuit is used to perform standing wave detection based on the signal output by the RF switch.

[0012] According to a passive frequency conversion remote radio frequency device provided in this disclosure, the plurality of sub-modules of the passive frequency conversion module further include: a plurality of loads and a plurality of grounders; the loads include a first load, a second load, and a third load; the grounders include a first grounder, a second grounder, and a third grounder; the signal transceiver includes a non-frequency-shifting signal transceiver and a frequency-shifting signal transceiver; the non-frequency-shifting signal transceiver is sequentially connected to the first grounder via the LNA, the RF switch, and the first load; the frequency-shifting signal transceiver is sequentially connected to the second grounder via the PA, the circulator, the RF switch, and the second load; the frequency-shifting signal transceiver is sequentially connected to the third grounder via the LNA, the RF switch, and the third load.

[0013] According to a passive frequency conversion remote radio frequency device provided in this disclosure, the PA includes a first PA, a second PA, and a third PA; the circulator includes a first circulator, a second circulator, and a third circulator; the filter includes a non-frequency shift filter, a first frequency shift filter, and a second frequency shift filter; the high-speed transmission interface is connected to the non-frequency shift signal transceiver and the frequency shift signal transceiver respectively; the non-frequency shift signal transceiver is sequentially connected to the first PA, the first circulator, and the non-frequency shift filter; the frequency shift signal transceiver is sequentially connected to the second PA, the second circulator, and the first frequency shift filter; the frequency shift signal transceiver is sequentially connected to the third PA and the third circulator. The transceiver is connected to the second frequency-shifting filter; the signal output by the non-frequency-shifting transceiver passes sequentially through the first PA, the first circulator, and the non-frequency-shifting filter to output a first frequency radio frequency signal; the signal output by the frequency-shifting transceiver passes sequentially through the second PA, the second circulator, and the first frequency-shifting filter to output a second frequency radio frequency signal; the signal output by the frequency-shifting transceiver passes sequentially through the third PA, the third circulator, and the second frequency-shifting filter to output a third frequency radio frequency signal; wherein, the first frequency radio frequency signal is a signal that the antenna can directly recognize, and the second and third frequencies are signals that the antenna cannot directly recognize.

[0014] This disclosure also provides an indoor distribution system, including: the passive frequency conversion remote radio frequency device provided above.

[0015] According to the indoor distribution system provided in this disclosure, it further includes: a multi-port multi-frequency combiner, a power divider, and a passive frequency converter antenna; the passive frequency converter remote radio frequency device and the passive frequency converter antenna are connected sequentially through the multi-port multi-frequency combiner and the power divider; the multi-port multi-frequency combiner is used to combine multiple radio frequency signals output by the passive frequency converter remote radio frequency device; the power divider is used to evenly divide the combined signal output by the multi-port multi-frequency combiner into two signals with the same frequency and half the power; the passive frequency converter antenna is used to perform frequency conversion processing on the signal output by the power divider and output the frequency-converted signal to the outside.

[0016] According to an indoor distribution system provided in this disclosure, the passive frequency conversion antenna includes an input port, a non-frequency shift filter, a passive mixer, a frequency shift filter, a gain module, a first output port, and a second output port; the input port and the first output port are connected sequentially through the non-frequency shift filter and the gain module; the input port and the second output port are connected sequentially through the non-frequency shift filter, the passive mixer, the frequency shift filter, and the gain module; the passive mixer is used to perform frequency mixing processing on the received multiple signals to obtain a frequency conversion signal.

[0017] According to an indoor distribution system provided in this disclosure, the passive frequency conversion antenna includes a first passive frequency conversion antenna and a second passive frequency conversion antenna. The first passive frequency conversion antenna is located on the top floor, and the second passive frequency conversion antenna is located on a non-top floor. The first passive frequency conversion antenna is used to output two signals processed by the current floor to the outside. The second passive frequency conversion antenna is used to receive two signals sent by the upper floor and output two signals processed by the current floor and two signals sent by the upper floor to the outside.

[0018] According to an indoor distribution system provided in this disclosure, the input ports include a first input port, a second input port, and a third input port; the non-frequency shift filter includes a first non-frequency shift filter, a second non-frequency shift filter, and a third non-frequency shift filter; the gain module includes a first gain module and a second gain module; the first input port and the first output port are sequentially connected through the first non-frequency shift filter and the first gain module; the second input port and the second output port are sequentially connected through the second non-frequency shift filter, the passive mixer, the frequency shift filter, and the second gain module; the third input port and the second output port are sequentially connected through the third non-frequency shift filter, the passive mixer, the frequency shift filter, and the second gain module.

[0019] According to an indoor distribution system provided in this disclosure, the multi-port multi-frequency combiner includes a first multi-port multi-frequency combiner and a second multi-port multi-frequency combiner; the power divider includes a first power divider, a second power divider, and a plurality of third power dividers; each of the third power dividers is located on a different floor; the first multi-port multi-frequency combiner is connected to the first power divider, and the first power divider is connected to the plurality of the third power dividers; the second multi-port multi-frequency combiner is connected to the second power divider, and the second power divider is connected to the plurality of the third power dividers.

[0020] According to the indoor distribution system provided in this disclosure, the system state of the indoor distribution system is switched based on communication data traffic; the communication data traffic is related to system energy consumption; the system energy consumption includes at least one of the following: baseband processing energy consumption of the baseband processing unit (BBU), energy consumption of enabling multi-channel joint transceiver function, energy consumption of each processing unit in the passive frequency conversion remote radio frequency device, and radio frequency energy consumption of each channel in the passive frequency conversion remote radio frequency device; the system state includes at least one of the following: full load state, high load state, half load state, low load state, and semi-dormant state.

[0021] This disclosure also provides a system control method based on an indoor distribution system, including:

[0022] The current traffic data and historical traffic data of the indoor distributed antenna system (DAS) are input into the traffic prediction model to obtain the communication data traffic of the DAS within a future set time period output by the traffic prediction model. The traffic prediction model is trained based on a long short-term memory network structure. The system state of the DAS is switched according to the communication data traffic. The system state includes at least one of the following: full load state, high load state, half load state, low load state, and semi-dormant state.

[0023] According to the system control method for an indoor distributed antenna system provided in this disclosure, the sample format of the input layer of the long short-term memory network structure includes training batches of training data, time steps of training samples, and parameter features; the parameter features include at least one of the following: time series of base station traffic data, timestamps of traffic data, maximum capacity of the base station, maximum load percentage of the current state of the base station, identifier of user equipment, and type of user equipment.

[0024] This disclosure also provides a system control device, including the following modules:

[0025] The prediction module is used to input the current traffic data and historical traffic data of the indoor distributed antenna system into the traffic prediction model to obtain the communication data traffic of the indoor distributed antenna system within a future set time period output by the traffic prediction model; the traffic prediction model is trained based on a long short-term memory network structure.

[0026] The switching module is used to switch the system state of the indoor distribution system according to the communication data traffic; the system state includes at least one of full load state, high load state, half load state, low load state and semi-dormant state.

[0027] This disclosure also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement any of the system control methods described above.

[0028] This disclosure also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the system control method as described above.

[0029] This disclosure also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the system control method as described above.

[0030] This disclosure provides a passive frequency converter remote radio frequency device, an indoor distribution system, and a system control method thereof. The passive frequency converter remote radio frequency device includes a multi-module connection circuit and multiple passive frequency converter modules; each passive frequency converter module is cascaded through the multi-module connection circuit; each passive frequency converter module includes a circuit board and multiple sub-modules mounted on the circuit board. This disclosure simplifies the structure and reduces the size by integrating passive frequency converter modules with the same structure into a multi-layer circuit board. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this disclosure or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0032] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a passive frequency conversion remote radio frequency device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0033] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of an indoor distribution system provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0034] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a passive frequency conversion antenna provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0035] Figure 4 is a flowchart illustrating a system control method provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0036] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an improved long short-term memory network provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0037] Figure 6 is a simulation diagram of the energy consumption of an energy-saving algorithm based on an improved long short-term memory network provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0038] Figure 7 is a system state diagram and a comparison diagram of machine learning-based rate prediction and actual rate provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0039] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a system control device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0040] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this disclosure, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0042] In related technologies, a Distributed Antenna System (DAS) consists of passive components, coaxial cables, and antennas. Unlike macro base stations where each Remote Radio Unit (RRU) is connected to only one antenna, DAS connects to multiple small indoor antennas via passive components and coaxial cables. These antennas are mostly installed in the ceilings of various rooms or corridors within a room. This multi-antenna coverage method reduces the coverage area of ​​each antenna, maximizing line-of-sight transmission between terminals and antennas within the indoor space to enhance signal quality and avoid the situation where wireless network signals emitted from antennas need to penetrate multiple walls to reach the receiving terminal.

[0043] However, the aforementioned indoor distribution technology can only transmit one signal per feeder. Therefore, how to upgrade to 5G on a single feeder in an existing 4G system and further improve speed and control power consumption has become an urgent problem to be solved.

[0044] Currently, operators often encounter situations where the chosen construction method for 5G base stations does not align with actual revenue. Most operators, when constructing 5G networks, comprehensively consider factors such as population flow, business value, scenario value, promotional effects, and competitive advantages, further predicting traffic over the next 3-5 years to select the appropriate 5G network construction method. Currently, operators have various conventional indoor and outdoor construction methods available, and the cost of these methods is positively correlated with their performance. However, if an operator chooses a high-performance construction method in a low-traffic area or a low-performance method in a high-traffic area, both will result in economic losses. Although operators currently have several relatively efficient methods for assessing scenario value and traffic forecasting, the mismatch between construction methods and traffic revenue remains unavoidable due to the fixed nature of network construction methods and the uncertainty of traffic revenue.

[0045] Based on the above problems, the indoor distribution system and the system control method based on the indoor distribution system proposed in this disclosure can solve the technical problems in related technologies, such as the inability to increase the rate of wireless access systems, high power consumption, and the mismatch between the maximum wireless communication rate and actual user needs.

[0046] The passive frequency conversion remote radio frequency device, passive frequency conversion antenna, indoor distribution system, and system control method based on the indoor distribution system of this disclosure are described below with reference to Figures 1-9.

[0047] The passive frequency conversion remote radio frequency device (i.e., passive frequency conversion RRU) disclosed herein includes: a multi-module connection circuit and multiple passive frequency conversion modules, wherein each passive frequency conversion module is cascaded through the multi-module connection circuit; each passive frequency conversion module includes a circuit board and multiple sub-modules disposed on the circuit board.

[0048] Furthermore, multiple passive frequency converter modules can be stacked together, for example, multiple passive frequency converter modules can be connected together in a certain order and configuration to achieve signal processing or frequency conversion functions.

[0049] Furthermore, each circuit board has through-holes at at least one predetermined, identical location, and the inner surface of the through-holes is provided with a metal layer to achieve electrical connection between the circuit boards. For example, in the layout design of the circuit boards, through-holes with the same function and location are reserved on each circuit board, and a metal layer is plated on the inner wall of the through-holes. This metal layer can be a highly conductive material, such as copper. Through the metal layer in the through-holes, electrical connections can be established between different layers of the circuit board.

[0050] Furthermore, the passive frequency converter module is used to generate multiple radio frequency (RF) signals; each RF signal has a different frequency, and the signals include RF signals carrying data information and RF signals providing power. For example, the passive frequency converter module can generate one signal 1 with a frequency of 2515MHz-2615MHz (2.6GHz) carrying data information and a power of 100Watt; one signal a with a frequency of 1415-1515MHz (1.5GHz) carrying data information and a power of 100Watt; and one signal b with a frequency of 1100-1200MHz (1.1GHz) providing power only and no data information. It is understood that in wireless communication, the RF signal carrying data information includes audio, video, data, or other forms of information content. This RF signal is modulated to convert the information into specific frequency and waveform characteristics, and then transmitted to the receiving end via an antenna. The receiving end then demodulates and reconstructs the original information. For RF signals that do not carry data information but provide power, these signals are typically used for power supply or energy transmission purposes, rather than for transmitting information. For example, in a radio frequency identification (RFID) system, the radio frequency signal is used to provide energy to the identified tag to activate it, but the signal itself does not carry specific data information.

[0051] Furthermore, the passive frequency converter module includes several sub-modules: a high-speed transmission interface, a signal transceiver, a power amplifier (PA), and a filter; the high-speed transmission interface and the filter are connected sequentially via the signal transceiver, PA, and circulator; the functions of each module are as follows:

[0052] A transceiver is used to receive signals from a high-speed transmission interface. It can also receive signals from a low-noise amplifier (LNA). A power amplifier (PA) amplifies the signal output from the transceiver to enhance signal strength, maintaining good signal quality and transmission capability. A circulator directs the amplified signal from the PA, enabling directional transmission between different ports and allowing signals to travel in different directions under specific conditions. A filter filters the signal output from the circulator.

[0053] The high-speed transmission interface of this disclosure is connected in sequence to a signal transceiver, a power amplifier (PA), a circulator, and a filter to output multiple radio frequency signals for subsequent signal processing.

[0054] Furthermore, the passive frequency converter module also includes several sub-modules: a low-noise amplifier (LNA), an RF module switch, and a monitoring circuit; the signal transceiver and the monitoring circuit are connected sequentially via the LNA and the RF switch; the functions of each module are as follows:

[0055] An LNA (Low Voltage Amplifier) ​​is used to amplify the signal output from a transceiver, for example, by increasing the strength of a weak received signal so that subsequent circuits can better process and interpret it. An RF switch is used to select the direction and path of the signal output from the LNA, for example, by opening or closing different signal paths as needed, thereby switching between different operating modes or directing the signal to different devices or circuits. A monitoring circuit is used to perform standing wave (SWR) detection based on the signal output from the RF switch, monitoring for abnormalities in various components / modules within the circuit.

[0056] The signal transceiver of this embodiment is connected in sequence to an LNA, an RF switch, and a monitoring circuit, thereby improving the safety of circuit operation by monitoring whether any abnormality occurs in each component / module through the monitoring circuit.

[0057] Furthermore, the passive frequency converter module also includes multiple sub-modules: multiple loads and multiple grounding devices; the loads include a first load, a second load, and a third load; the grounding devices include a first grounding device, a second grounding device, and a third grounding device; the signal transceivers include a non-frequency-shifting signal transceiver and a frequency-shifting signal transceiver; the non-frequency-shifting signal transceiver is connected to the first grounding device in sequence via an LNA, an RF switch, and the first load; the frequency-shifting signal transceiver is connected to the second grounding device in sequence via a PA, a circulator, an RF switch, and the second load; and the frequency-shifting signal transceiver is connected to the third grounding device in sequence via an LNA, an RF switch, and the third load.

[0058] The embodiments disclosed herein connect directly to the ground via a grounding device, serving as a signal grounding and equipment protection mechanism, thereby improving the stability and safety of the equipment.

[0059] Further, the PA includes a first PA, a second PA, and a third PA; the circulator includes a first circulator, a second circulator, and a third circulator; the filter includes a non-frequency-shifted filter, a first frequency-shifted filter, and a second frequency-shifted filter; the high-speed transmission interface is connected to the non-frequency-shifted signal transceiver and the frequency-shifted signal transceiver respectively; the non-frequency-shifted signal transceiver is connected sequentially to the first PA, the first circulator, and the non-frequency-shifted filter; the frequency-shifted signal transceiver is connected sequentially to the second PA, the second circulator, and the first frequency-shifted filter; the frequency-shifted signal transceiver is connected sequentially to the third PA, the third circulator, and the second frequency-shifted filter. The signal output by the non-frequency-shifted signal transceiver passes sequentially through the first PA, the first circulator, and the non-frequency-shifted filter, and outputs a radio frequency signal of a first frequency, for example, a 100Watt signal carrying information with a frequency of 2515MHz-2615MHz (2.6GHz). The signal output from the frequency-shift transceiver passes sequentially through a second power amplifier (PA), a second circulator, and a first frequency-shift filter to output a second frequency radio frequency (RF) signal, such as a 100Watt signal a carrying information at a frequency of 1415-1515MHz (1.5GHz). The signal output from the frequency-shift transceiver then passes sequentially through a third power amplifier (PA), a third circulator, and a second frequency-shift filter to output a third frequency RF signal, such as a 100Watt signal b without information, providing only power at a frequency of 1100-1200MHz (1.1GHz). The first frequency RF signal is a signal that the antenna can directly recognize, while the second and third frequencies are signals that the antenna cannot directly recognize.

[0060] The embodiments of this disclosure utilize the circuits connected to the non-frequency-shifting transceiver and the frequency-shifting transceiver to achieve multiple radio frequency signal outputs of different frequencies, thereby meeting diverse radio frequency signal processing needs.

[0061] Furthermore, the passive frequency converter remote radio frequency (RRU) also includes a power supply module and an expansion interface. The power supply module supplies power to the passive frequency converter RRU, including power conversion and management to meet the operational requirements of the passive frequency converter RRU and other electronic components. Simultaneously, the power supply module needs to provide stable voltage and current to ensure reliable operation of the passive frequency converter RRU under different operating conditions. The expansion interface is used to connect modules with the same structure as the passive frequency converter module. The expansion interface is also used to connect other modules or external devices. It is understood that the expansion interface is designed to conform to the specific structure and communication protocol of the passive frequency converter RRU to facilitate the expansion and integration of other functional modules.

[0062] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the passive frequency conversion remote radio frequency device provided in this disclosure. As shown in Figure 1, the passive frequency conversion RRU is designed as a dual-layer circuit board for analysis and explanation. In Figure 1, the passive frequency conversion RRU includes a passive frequency conversion module 1, a passive frequency conversion module 2, a power supply module, an expansion interface, and a dual-module connection circuit.

[0063] Passive frequency converter module 1 and passive frequency converter module 2 are cascaded through a dual-module connection circuit; the power supply module is responsible for supplying power to all modules in the passive frequency converter RRU that require power; the expansion interface can cascade multiple passive frequency converter modules, and can also connect external modules with the same structure as the passive frequency converter modules to further enhance the capabilities of the passive frequency converter RRU.

[0064] The passive frequency converter module 1 includes a high-speed transmission interface, a non-frequency shift signal transceiver 1, a frequency shift signal transceiver 1, a PA, an LNA, a circulator, an RF switch, a monitoring circuit, a load, a grounding device, a frequency shift filter, and a non-frequency shift filter.

[0065] Non-frequency shifting transceiver 1 is connected to PA1, PA1 is connected to circulator 1, circulator 1 is connected to non-frequency shifting filter 1, and non-frequency shifting filter 1 outputs signal 1 to the remote antenna. Non-frequency shifting transceiver 1 is also connected to LNA1, LNA1 is connected to RF switch 1, RF switch 1 is also connected to circulator 1, monitoring circuit 1, and load 1, and load 1 is connected to grounding device 1.

[0066] Frequency shift transceiver 1 is connected to PA2, PA3, and LNA2 respectively. PA2 is connected to circulator 2, circulator 2 is connected to RF switch 2, RF switch 2 is connected to load 2, high-power load 2 is connected to grounder 2, and circulator 2 is also connected to frequency shift filter 1. Frequency shift filter 1 outputs signal a to the remote antenna. PA3 is connected to circulator 3, circulator 3 is connected to RF switch 3, and circulator 3 is also connected to frequency shift filter 2. Frequency shift filter 2 outputs signal b to the remote antenna. LNA2 is connected to RF switch 3, and RF switch 3 is also connected to monitoring circuit 2 and load 3 respectively. Load 3 is connected to grounder 3.

[0067] The passive frequency converter module 1 can generate one signal 1 with a frequency of 2515MHz-2615MHz and a power of 100Watt containing data information; one signal a with a frequency of 1415-1515MHz and a power of 100Watt containing data information; and one signal b with a frequency of 1100-1200MHz that does not contain data information but only provides power and has a power of 100Watt. The passive frequency converter module 1 outputs signals 1, a, and b to a remote antenna, and can also transmit signals 1, a, and b to other devices via a feeder. The signals 1, a, and b output by the passive frequency converter module 1 are radio frequency (RF) signals.

[0068] It should be noted that the structure and function of passive frequency converter module 1 are the same as those of passive frequency converter module 2, and will not be described again here.

[0069] Passive frequency converter module 2 can generate one 100Watt signal 2 with data information at a frequency of 2515MHz-2615MHz, one 100Watt signal c with data information at a frequency of 1415-1515MHz, and one 100Watt signal d without data information, only for providing energy at a frequency of 1100-1200MHz. Passive frequency converter module 1 outputs signals 1, c, and d to a remote antenna, and can also transmit signals 1, c, and d to other devices through a feeder. Among them, signals 2, c, and d output by passive frequency converter module 1 are radio frequency signals.

[0070] The passive frequency conversion remote radio frequency device provided in this disclosure simplifies the structure and reduces the size by integrating passive frequency conversion modules with the same structure and setting them as a multi-layer circuit board.

[0071] Based on the above embodiments, this disclosure also proposes an indoor distributed antenna system, including: a passive frequency converter remote radio frequency device, a multi-port multi-frequency combiner, a power divider, and a passive frequency converter antenna provided in the above embodiments; wherein, the passive frequency converter remote radio frequency device and the passive frequency converter antenna are connected sequentially through a multi-port multi-frequency combiner and a power divider; the functions of each module are as follows:

[0072] A multi-port multi-frequency combiner is used to combine multiple RF signals output from passive frequency converter remote RF equipment. A three-port multi-frequency combiner can also be used. A power divider is used to evenly split the combined signal output from the multi-port multi-frequency combiner into two signals with the same frequency but half the power. A passive frequency converter antenna is used to perform frequency conversion processing on the signal output from the power divider and output the converted signal to the outside world.

[0073] Furthermore, the multi-port multi-frequency combiner includes a first multi-port multi-frequency combiner and a second multi-port multi-frequency combiner; the power divider includes a first power divider, a second power divider, and multiple third power dividers; each third power divider is located on a different floor; the first multi-port multi-frequency combiner is connected to the first power divider, and the first power divider is connected to the multiple third power dividers; the second multi-port multi-frequency combiner is connected to the second power divider, and the second power divider is connected to the multiple third power dividers.

[0074] Furthermore, the passive frequency conversion antenna includes a first passive frequency conversion antenna and a second passive frequency conversion antenna. The first passive frequency conversion antenna is located on the top floor, and the second passive frequency conversion antenna is located on a non-top floor. The first passive frequency conversion antenna is used to output the two signals processed by this floor to the outside. The second passive frequency conversion antenna is used to receive the two signals sent by the upper floor and output the two signals processed by this floor and the two signals sent by the upper floor to the outside, thus achieving single-channel four-stream coverage.

[0075] This disclosure embodiment effectively enhances signal coverage and balance, improves data transmission efficiency, and increases network capacity and throughput through single-path four-stream coverage, while also optimizing network performance and quality.

[0076] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the indoor distribution system provided in this disclosure. As shown in Figure 2, this disclosure specifically provides a variable speed-up 5G indoor distribution system, including: a 5G frequency conversion RRU, a three-port multi-frequency combiner 1, a three-port multi-frequency combiner 2, a power divider 1, a power divider 2, a power divider A, a power divider B, a power divider C, a power divider D, and multiple passive frequency conversion antennas. The 5G frequency conversion RRU is the passive frequency conversion RRU provided in the above embodiment.

[0077] When the power controller is at full load, the 5G frequency conversion RRU outputs full power. At this time, the six channels of the 5G frequency conversion RRU are numbered as channels 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, and all are outputting at full load. Channel 1 transmits a signal 1 with data information at a frequency of 2.6GHz and a bandwidth of 100M; Channel 2 transmits a signal a with data information at a frequency of 1.5GHz and a bandwidth of 100M; and Channel 3 transmits a signal b without data information at a frequency of 1.1GHz and a bandwidth of 100M. Signal 1, signal a, and signal b are input to the input terminals of the three-port multi-frequency combiner 1. The three-port multi-frequency combiner 1 combines the three signals. After combining, the three-port multi-frequency combiner 1 sends the combined signal 1+a+b (i.e., the combined radio frequency signal) to the power divider A. The power divider A divides the signal 1+a+b into two signals with half the power of the original signal and the same frequency and information (i.e., target radio frequency signals). Since the signal frequency and information of the two target radio frequency signals after power division remain unchanged, and the power only affects the end coverage area without affecting the frequency and information, the two divided signals are still regarded as signals 1+a+b respectively.

[0078] Channel 4 transmits a 2.6GHz, 100MHz bandwidth signal 2 carrying data information; Channel 5 transmits a 1.5GHz, 100MHz bandwidth signal c carrying data information; and Channel 6 transmits a 1.1GHz, 100MHz bandwidth signal d carrying data information. Signals 2, c, and d are input to the input terminals of a three-port multi-frequency combiner 2, which combines the three signals. The combined signal 2+c+d (i.e., the combined radio frequency signal) is then sent to a power divider 2. The power divider 2 splits the signal 2+c+d into two signals with half the original power but identical frequency and information (i.e., target radio frequency signals). Since the frequency and information of the two target radio frequency signals remain unchanged after power splitting, and the power only affects the end coverage area without affecting the frequency and information, the two split signals are still considered as signals 2+c+d respectively.

[0079] Each passive frequency converter antenna located on the first floor identifies the signal 2+c+d. After passing through the internal filter of the antenna, the signal c with a frequency of 1.5 GHz and the signal d with a frequency of 1.1 GHz are filtered out and then mixed by a passive mixer to form signal f. Signal f is then sent to the vertical element of the passive frequency converter antenna and then sent to free space. The internal filter of the antenna can also identify the signal 2 with a frequency of 2.6 GHz and send signal 2 to the horizontal element of the passive frequency converter antenna and then sent to free space. Therefore, the passive frequency converter antenna located on the first floor will eventually emit the 2.6 GHz signal 2 and the signal f.

[0080] Similarly, the passive frequency converter antenna located on the 2nd layer will eventually emit 2.6GHz signal 1 and signal e; the passive frequency converter antenna located on the 3rd layer will eventually emit 2.6GHz signal 2 and signal f; and the passive frequency converter antenna located on the 4th layer will eventually emit 2.6GHz signal 1 and signal e. The process and principle are the same as those of the passive frequency converter antenna on the 1st layer, and will not be repeated here.

[0081] Since the signal emitted by the passive frequency converter antenna 1 on the 4th floor can be transmitted from the 4th floor through one floor slab to the 3rd floor, the signal emitted by the passive frequency converter antenna on the 3rd floor can be transmitted from the 3rd floor through one floor slab to the 2nd floor, and the signal emitted by the passive frequency converter antenna on the 2nd floor can be transmitted from the 2nd floor through one floor slab to the 1st floor, the terminal located on the 3rd floor can receive both signal 1 and signal e emitted by the passive frequency converter antenna on the 4th floor, as well as signal 2 and signal f emitted by the passive frequency converter antenna on its own floor. Therefore, the terminal located on the 3rd floor can receive four 5G signals: signal 1, signal 2, signal e, and signal f.

[0082] It is understandable that all floors other than the top floor can receive four signals, and the principle is the same as described above, so it will not be repeated here. This achieves four-stream coverage with a single-feeder distribution system.

[0083] It should be noted that if the building has more floors, single-path four-stream coverage can be further achieved for all non-top floors by adding 5G passive frequency converter RRUs.

[0084] The indoor distribution system provided in this disclosure, through single-path four-stream coverage, effectively enhances signal coverage and balance, improves data transmission efficiency, and increases network capacity and throughput, while also optimizing network performance and quality. Furthermore, single-path four-stream coverage can reduce operating costs and system energy consumption, while also improving network sustainability.

[0085] Based on the above embodiments, the passive frequency conversion antenna includes an input port, a non-frequency shift filter, a passive mixer, a frequency shift filter, a gain module, a first output port, and a second output port. The input port and the first output port are connected sequentially via the non-frequency shift filter and the gain module. The input port and the second output port are connected sequentially via the non-frequency shift filter, the passive mixer, the frequency shift filter, and the gain module. The passive mixer is used to perform mixing processing on the received multiple signals to obtain the frequency conversion signal. Further, the input port includes a first input port, a second input port, and a third input port; the non-frequency shift filter includes a first non-frequency shift filter, a second non-frequency shift filter, and a third non-frequency shift filter; the gain module includes a first gain module and a second gain module; the first input port and the first output port are connected sequentially via the first non-frequency shift filter and the first gain module; the second input port and the second output port are connected sequentially via the second non-frequency shift filter, the passive mixer, the frequency shift filter, and the second gain module; the third input port and the second output port are connected sequentially via the third non-frequency shift filter, the passive mixer, the frequency shift filter, and the second gain module.

[0086] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the passive frequency conversion antenna provided in this disclosure. As shown in Figure 3, the embodiments of this disclosure specifically provide an architecture and communication method for a passive frequency conversion antenna, including input port 1, input port 2, input port 3, non-frequency shift filter a, non-frequency shift filter b, non-frequency shift filter c, passive mixer 1, frequency shift filter a, high-frequency gain module, intermediate frequency gain module, output port 1, and output port 2.

[0087] Input port 1 receives a 100mW signal 1 with data information at a frequency of 2515MHz-2615MHz (2.6GHz). Input port 2 receives a 100mW signal a with data information at a frequency of 1415-1515MHz (1.5GHz). Input port 3 receives a 100mW signal b with no data information, which is only used to provide energy, at a frequency of 1100-1200MHz (1.1GHz).

[0088] Input port 1 is connected to non-frequency shift filter a, which is connected to a high-frequency gain module. The high-frequency gain module will bring a 4dBi gain to the signal, thereby compensating for the signal loss during transmission in the antenna. Then, a 100mW signal with data information at a frequency of 2515MHz-2615MHz is transmitted into free space through output port 1.

[0089] Input port 2 is connected to non-frequency shifted filter b, and input port 3 is connected to non-frequency shifted filter c. Non-frequency shifted filter b and non-frequency shifted filter c are connected through passive mixer 1. Passive mixer 1 mixes the output of non-frequency shifted filter b and non-frequency shifted filter c, namely "a 100mW signal a with a frequency of 1415-1515MHz (1.5GHz) containing data information" and "a 100mW signal b with a frequency of 1100-1200MHz (1.1GHz) without data information but only providing energy", to obtain a second signal with a frequency of 2515MHz-2615MHz containing data information and a power of 100mW. The information contained in this signal is consistent with the information contained in signal a.

[0090] Passive mixer 1 sends the signal to the intermediate frequency gain module, which provides a 7dBi gain to the signal to compensate for the energy loss of the signal in the antenna. Then, the second 2515MHz-2615MHz (2.6GHz) signal with data information and a power of 100mW is transmitted into free space through the output port 2.

[0091] Therefore, in the passive frequency converter RRU, the three signals output by any passive frequency converter module can be converted by the passive frequency converter antenna into two 100mW signals with a frequency of 2515MHz-2615MHz (2.6GHz) carrying the original information.

[0092] It should be noted that although the power transmitted in the passive frequency converter RRU is 100W, after various losses from feeders and components, the signal input power on the input side of the passive frequency converter antenna is controlled at 100mW.

[0093] It is understandable that, since feeders of any type cannot input multiple signals of the same frequency band, otherwise signal interference will occur, but signals of different frequency bands will not interfere with each other. Therefore, this disclosure designs a passive frequency converter antenna with 3 signal inputs and 2 signal outputs. This passive frequency converter antenna can directly realize signal transmission through a single feeder, but transmits 2 signals, achieving the effect of doubling the transmission rate.

[0094] The passive frequency conversion antenna provided in this disclosure, designed with 3 inputs and 2 outputs, can transmit signals through a single feeder, thus saving system space and wiring complexity. Simultaneously, it effectively converts the three input signals into two outputs, and each output can carry a higher data rate, thereby improving data transmission speed. Furthermore, the simplified design and more efficient signal conversion lead to reduced system cost and power consumption.

[0095] Based on the above embodiments, the system state of the indoor distributed antenna system (DAS) is switched based on communication data traffic. Communication data traffic is related to system energy consumption; for example, higher communication data traffic requires more base station resources and signal processing capabilities, thus increasing system energy consumption. System energy consumption includes at least one of the following:

[0096] Baseband processing power consumption of the Building Baseband Unit (BBU): The BBU is responsible for baseband processing functions such as digital signal conversion, encoding and decoding, modulation and demodulation. This part of the power consumption is mainly related to the amount of data processed and the complexity of signal processing.

[0097] Energy consumption of enabling multi-channel joint transceiver function: The multi-channel joint transceiver function can improve the communication capacity and efficiency of the system, but it will also increase the system's energy consumption. This energy consumption is related to factors such as the number of channels enabled, spectrum utilization efficiency, and hardware support.

[0098] Energy consumption of each processing unit in a passive frequency conversion remote radio frequency device: The passive frequency conversion remote radio frequency device is responsible for signal modulation, demodulation, amplification and transmission. The processing units include passive frequency conversion modules, multi-module connection circuits, power supply modules, etc. The energy consumption depends on factors such as the processing complexity of radio frequency signals and output power.

[0099] RF power consumption of each channel in a passive frequency conversion remote RF device: The RF power consumption of each channel is related to the frequency range, output power and signal transmission efficiency. Higher frequency or higher power RF channels will consume more energy.

[0100] Optionally, system energy consumption may also include transmission energy consumption, data processing and storage energy consumption, and power consumption of hardware devices.

[0101] System states include at least one of the following: full load, high load, half load, low load, and semi-dormant. Full load means all system functions and resources are running at full speed to handle the maximum possible workload. High load is between full load and half load; the system consumes more power and resources in this state, but not to the limit of full load. Half load is an intermediate state under high load; the system reduces some resource usage or lowers the operating frequency of components. Low load indicates the system is under light load or in standby mode. Semi-dormant is a state between hibernation and activity; the system shuts down most functions but still maintains responsiveness to some inputs or events.

[0102] This disclosure specifically provides an energy consumption model implemented in a passive frequency shift environment, which achieves energy saving by switching system states.

[0103] This embodiment employs a 6-channel 5G passive frequency-shift antenna. When using multi-channel joint transceiver technology for staggered coverage in an indoor environment, the equipment's energy consumption is mainly divided into the baseband processing energy consumption (W) of the BBU. bbu Depending on the system's workload of 100 Watts <W bbu <300Watt. Enabling multi-channel joint transceiver function will result in additional power consumption (W). mul Depending on the system's workload, 50 Watts <W mul <100Watt. The RF power consumption of the six channels in the 5G frequency conversion RRU is W1, W2, W3, W4, W5, W6, W7, W8, W9 ... a W b W2, W c W d All are at 100 Watt in the active state. The energy consumption (W) of the remaining processing units in the 5G frequency conversion RRU is... ext 50Watt <W ext <150 Watts.

[0104] Since a traditional single-path feeder is used as the indoor distribution system for the 5G network, adjusting the power consumption of the six radio frequency channels during power consumption regulation may reduce the coverage area of ​​some antennas, resulting in insufficient coverage. Therefore, this embodiment of the present disclosure considers switching the six radio frequency channels on and off, without considering the power regulation of the radio frequency channels.

[0105] The power consumption of the system during operation is W = W bbu +W mul +W ext +W1+W a +W b +W2+W c +W d .

[0106] To ensure that the system's operating status matches the current flow demand within the building, the system will primarily operate in the following states:

[0107] State 1 represents the system at full load. In this state, all channels are active, multi-channel joint transceiver is enabled, and the system provides four-channel communication capability (non-top-level). Its power consumption is W. s1 =W bbu +W mul +W ext +W1+W a +W b +W2+W c +W dAt this point, the system power consumption can reach up to 1150W.

[0108] State 2 represents the high-load state of the system. In this state, all channels are active, multi-channel joint transceiver is disabled, and the system provides two-channel communication capability with a power consumption of W. s2 =W bbu +W ext +W1+W a +W b +W2+W c +W d .

[0109] State 3 represents a half-load system state. In this state, signal channels 1 and 2 are enabled, while signals a, b, c, and d are disabled. The multi-channel joint transceiver function is enabled, providing two-channel communication capability (non-top-level). However, because the two-channel communication capability provided by State 3 is achieved through cross-layer coverage of the multi-channel joint transceiver function, this cross-layer coverage causes some signal attenuation. Therefore, the downlink rate provided by State 3 is lower than that of State 2, and its power consumption is W. s3 =W bbu +W mul +W ext +W1+W2.

[0110] State 4 represents a low-load system state. In this state, signal channels 1 and 2 are enabled, while signals a, b, c, and d are disabled. The multi-channel joint transceiver function is off, and the system provides single-channel communication capability with a power consumption of W. s4 =W bbu +W ext +W1+W2.

[0111] State 5 is the system semi-sleep state. In this state, signal channel 1 is on, while signals 2, a, b, c, and d are off. Multi-channel joint transceiver functionality is disabled. The system will provide single-channel communication capability to even-numbered floors. Odd-numbered floors will have lower communication speeds due to cross-floor signal coverage for single-channel communication, and their power consumption is W. s5 =W bbu +W ext +W1, at which point the system power consumption can be as low as 250W.

[0112] Based on the above five system states, the system power consumption is 250W ≤ W ≤ 1150W.

[0113] Since the system communication capacity requirements of all users tend to vary over time in a certain pattern, and there are usually no sudden changes, to avoid frequent system state transitions, the system state transitions should be set to gradual transitions, and the average downlink rate of the system over a certain period of time is set as S (i.e., the average amount of data transmitted over a period of time), B. n (n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) are variable switching thresholds.

[0114] Optionally, when S≧B1, adjust the system state to State1;

[0115] Optionally, when B1≧S≧B2, adjust the system state to State2;

[0116] Optionally, when B2≧S≧B3, adjust the system state to State3;

[0117] Optionally, when B3≧S≧B4, adjust the system state to State4;

[0118] Optionally, the system state can be adjusted to State5 when B4≧S≧B5.

[0119] B n The threshold is variable, but to improve accuracy, this algorithm analyzes the device performance of different schemes in Figure 6 and then applies it to B. n (n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) provide reference ranges for variation.

[0120] Figure 4 is a flowchart illustrating the system control method provided in this disclosure. Referring to Figure 4, this disclosure proposes a system control method based on the above-mentioned indoor distribution system, including:

[0121] Step 401: Input the current traffic data and historical traffic data of the indoor distribution system into the traffic prediction model to obtain the communication data traffic of the indoor distribution system within a future set time period output by the traffic prediction model; the traffic prediction model is trained based on a long short-term memory network structure.

[0122] Step 402: Switch the system state of the indoor distribution system according to the communication data traffic; the system state includes at least one of full load state, high load state, half load state, low load state and semi-dormant state.

[0123] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the sample format of the input layer of the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network structure includes the training batch size of the training data, the time step size of the training samples, and the parameter features. The training batch size refers to the number of samples used to update the model during each training iteration; the batch size affects the training speed and the model update frequency. The parameter features include at least one of the following:

[0124] Time series of base station traffic data: The main time series data that the model needs to predict or analyze, including the traffic volume at each time step;

[0125] Timestamps of traffic data: These represent the exact time point of each time step, helping the model understand the time dependencies and periodicity of the data;

[0126] Maximum capacity of a base station: describes the maximum traffic that a base station can handle;

[0127] Maximum load percentage of base station in current state: This indicates the percentage of traffic currently being used by the base station, and is used to analyze the base station's load status and potential overload risks;

[0128] User device identifier: A unique identifier for each user device that helps the model associate traffic data with a specific user device;

[0129] User equipment type: Describes the type of user equipment.

[0130] The traffic prediction model is pre-trained. The training process involves: constructing a training set based on parameter features; training the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network structure using the training set to obtain an initial traffic prediction model; and then optimizing the initial traffic prediction model using a pre-defined loss function to obtain the final traffic prediction model. The pre-defined loss function is determined based on the number of training iterations, the model output on the training set, and the model output on the test set. For example, a training set containing time-series data and other relevant features is constructed based on selected parameter features. These features may include base station traffic data, timestamps, the maximum capacity of the base station, and the current load percentage. Then, the improved LSM network structure is initially trained using the constructed training set. This process aims to allow the model to learn patterns and trends in the parameter features, enabling preliminary traffic prediction. Simultaneously, a loss function is designed, determined based on the number of training iterations, the model output on the training set, and the model output on the test set. The choice of loss function directly affects how the model optimizes and adjusts parameters during training to improve prediction accuracy and generalization ability. After initial training, the model is optimized using a loss function. The goal of this stage is to adjust the model's parameters through backpropagation and optimization algorithms (such as gradient descent) to minimize the loss function, thereby improving the model's ability to predict future traffic. During the training optimization process, the model's performance is evaluated using a validation set or test set. Based on the evaluation results, the model's hyperparameters or training strategies need to be adjusted to achieve better traffic prediction results.

[0131] After training the traffic prediction model, current traffic data is acquired from the indoor distributed antenna system (DAS) network, along with traffic data collected over a historical period. This data is used as input to the model for prediction. The collected traffic data is then fed back into the traffic prediction model to obtain the output of the model's forecast of the communication data traffic of the DAS network within a specified future timeframe (e.g., the next 24 hours). The prediction results can be hourly, half-hourly, minutely, or even shorter time intervals.

[0132] Further, based on communication data traffic, the system state of the indoor distributed antenna system (DAS) is switched to save system energy. Specifically, the matching results between communication data traffic and multiple switching thresholds are determined, and then the system state of the indoor DAS is switched according to the matching results. The system states include: full load state (State1), high load state (State2), half load state (State3), low load state (State4), and semi-dormant state (State5).

[0133] For example, the switching threshold is B n (n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5), the communication traffic data output by the traffic prediction model is S (i.e., the average amount of data transmitted over a period of time). Then, the system state switching method is:

[0134] When S≧B1, adjust the system state to State1;

[0135] When B1≧S≧B2, adjust the system state to State2;

[0136] When B2≧S≧B3, adjust the system state to State3;

[0137] When B3≧S≧B4, adjust the system state to State4;

[0138] When B4≧S≧B5, adjust the system state to State5.

[0139] The system control method for an indoor distributed antenna system (DAS) provided in this disclosure involves inputting the current and historical traffic data of the DAS into a traffic prediction model to obtain the communication data traffic of the DAS within a predetermined future time period. The traffic prediction model is trained based on a long short-term memory (LSTM) network structure. The system state of the DAS is switched according to the communication data traffic. This disclosure improves the accuracy of communication data traffic prediction by using an improved LSM network structure to train the model. Simultaneously, by switching the system state of the DAS based on the predicted communication data traffic, it reduces system energy consumption.

[0140] This disclosure provides an energy consumption control algorithm implemented in a passive frequency shifting environment, which is applied to the above-mentioned 5G passive frequency shifting antenna system and an energy consumption model implemented in a passive frequency shifting environment.

[0141] The basic algorithm is modeled using the improved Long Short-Term Memory network shown in Figure 5. This network structure employs three gating structures, transforming the hidden layers into cells with memory functions. The memory function is as follows:

[0142] Among them, f t i t ,o t ,c t , These are the forget gate, input gate, output gate, memory cell state variables, and candidate memory elements, respectively.

[0143] W fx W ix W ox For input layer x t and hidden layer h t The association weight at time t;

[0144] W fh W ih W oh The association weights of the hidden layer at times t to t-1;

[0145] W fc W ic W oc The association weights of cells at times t to t-1;

[0146] W cx W ch These are the association weights between cells and inputs, and the association weights between cells and hidden layers, respectively.

[0147] b f ,b i ,b o ,b c′ For the bias of each gating unit and cell;

[0148] h t-1 h represents the output of the previous cell unit. t The output value of the cell at time t;

[0149] σ is the sigmoid activation function. The input layer data is defined as multiple features of a 5G passive frequency-shifted staggered coverage system, expressed as:

[0150] In the improved Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network, the input layer sample format is (samples, steps, features), where samples is each training batch (i.e., the training batch of training data), steps is the feature step size for each slide (i.e., the time step of the training samples), and features are the input parameter features. Its dimension is m. Assuming the 5G passive frequency-shifting staggered coverage system has M data sets, a time step size of t, and f features, then the system has a total of Mt samples.

[0151] Furthermore, embodiments of this disclosure provide a method for energy-saving control based on predicted traffic of a 5G passive frequency-shifting staggered coverage system using an improved long short-term memory network.

[0152] The input parameter features of the improved Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network algorithm are defined as: {Flow i Time i Cap n Per i Mac i Type i};

[0153] Among them, the time series flow of base station traffic data i The corresponding timestamp of traffic data (Time) i Maximum capacity Cap of base stations in each state n (n=1,2,3,4,5), Per, the current maximum load percentage of the base station. i Mac, the unique identifier of the connected user device i User Equipment Type i The output is the predicted flow rate and the system state switching strategy.

[0154] (1) If the length of the training dataset is set to q, then the training data input is: X={X1,X2,…,X…} q};

[0155] Among them, X q ={{f q，1 f q，2 , ..., f q，m}…,{f q+t-1，1 f q+t-1，2 , ..., f q+t-1，m}}; f q+t-1，m ={Flow m Time m Cap n Per m Mac m Type m};

[0156] Obtain Flow i Time i Cap n Per i Mac i Type i The training set output is: Y = {Y1, Y2, ..., Y} q}

[0157] Among them, Y q Let be the communication data traffic at time q.

[0158] (2) If the length of the test set input data is p = Mtq, then the test set input is: X′ = {X′1, X′2, ..., X′} p};

[0159] Where, X′1={{f q+p+1 f q+p+1，2 , ..., f q+p+1，m}…,{f M，1 f M，2 , ..., f M，m The test set output is: Y′={Y′1,Y′2,…,Y′ p};

[0160] Among them, Y′ p Let be the communication data flow at time p.

[0161] (3) Set the network loss function as follows:

[0162] Where, y′ i For the prediction results corresponding to the test set, y i The prediction result is the result corresponding to the training set, and n is the number of iterations.

[0163] The Adam optimizer is used to train the network on the training set data. The network is iterated n times to obtain the prediction results. Then, based on the prediction results, in order to avoid the equipment wear and tear caused by frequent transitions, a step-by-step transition method is adopted. However, in order to avoid the risk of untimely response or violation of user SLA agreements due to sudden surges in traffic during step-by-step transitions, a state jump is allowed when there are more than two instantaneous state transitions within the next 3 minutes when the time step is t.

[0164] Optionally, an improved long short-term memory network algorithm can be used to predict the flow rate for the next 24 hours based on real-time and historical data, and output the original energy consumption simulation results and the actual energy consumption results after adopting this algorithm.

[0165] In one specific embodiment, as shown in the simulation results in Figure 6, the system energy consumption is positively correlated with the system output rate. Although the power of the two algorithms is almost equal during peak traffic periods, the original algorithm can achieve a power of over 750 watts when the traffic is low or nonexistent, which is far higher than the lowest power of 250 watts for the algorithm of this disclosure under the same conditions. According to the simulation data, the algorithm of this disclosure can reduce the system energy consumption by 23.1%. As shown in Figure 7, although the system rate prediction performed by the prediction algorithm proposed in this disclosure has a slight delay compared to the actual traffic in some time periods, the overall accuracy can reach 91.2%, and the system state adjustment mechanism conforms to the system traffic trend and does not affect the user experience.

[0166] This disclosure analyzes the current development trends and construction status of 5G indoor and outdoor services. Addressing the mismatch between operator construction methods and actual traffic volume, as well as energy waste under low load, it designs a multi-frequency hybrid 5G passive frequency-shifting RRU with 6 RF ports and 4 data channels. Based on the designed RRU, combined with multi-channel joint transceiver technology and a remote passive frequency-shifting antenna, it achieves the effect of transmitting 4 signals using a single feeder in a multi-story structure. Compared to the original passive frequency-shifting scheme, the solution described in this disclosure increases downlink speed with minimal cost. Furthermore, this disclosure proposes multiple operating strategies for the system and predicts the indoor base station's traffic volume based on an improved long short-term memory network algorithm. On this basis, the system's operating strategy is adjusted in real time according to the predicted traffic to achieve dynamic energy saving. Simulation results show that energy loss can be reduced by more than 20% under typical conditions. In summary, the technical solutions and strategies proposed in this disclosure help solve the problem of mismatch between operator construction methods and actual traffic volume, as well as energy waste under low load. It allows for flexible configuration of network resources according to varying network demands and customer needs, improving system performance and energy efficiency.

[0167] The system control device provided in this disclosure is described below. The system control device described below can be referred to in correspondence with the system control method described above.

[0168] Referring to Figure 8, the system control device provided in this disclosure includes a prediction module 801 and a switching module 802.

[0169] Prediction module 801 is used to input the current traffic data and historical traffic data of the indoor distribution system into the traffic prediction model to obtain the communication data traffic of the indoor distribution system in a future set time period output by the traffic prediction model; the traffic prediction model is trained based on a long short-term memory network structure.

[0170] The switching module 802 is used to switch the system state of the indoor distribution system according to the communication data traffic; the system state includes at least one of full load state, high load state, half load state, low load state and semi-dormant state.

[0171] The system control device based on an indoor distributed antenna system (DAS) provided in this disclosure inputs the current and historical traffic data of the DAS into a traffic prediction model to obtain the communication data traffic of the DAS within a set future time period. The traffic prediction model is trained based on a long short-term memory (LSTM) network structure. The system state of the DAS is switched according to the communication data traffic. This disclosure improves the accuracy of communication data traffic prediction by using an improved LSM network structure to train the model. Simultaneously, by switching the system state of the DAS based on the predicted communication data traffic, it reduces system energy consumption.

[0172] In one embodiment, the sample format of the input layer of the long short-term memory network structure includes training batches of training data, time steps of training samples, and parameter features; the parameter features include at least one of the following: time series of base station traffic data, timestamps of traffic data, maximum capacity of the base station, maximum load percentage of the current state of the base station, identifier of user equipment, and type of user equipment.

[0173] Figure 9 illustrates a schematic diagram of the physical structure of an electronic device. As shown in Figure 9, the electronic device may include: a processor 910, a communication interface 920, a memory 930, and a communication bus 940. The processor 910, communication interface 920, and memory 930 communicate with each other via the communication bus 940. The processor 910 can call logical instructions in the memory 930 to execute a system control method. This method includes: inputting the current traffic data and historical traffic data of the indoor distributed antenna system (DAS) into a traffic prediction model to obtain the communication data traffic of the DAS within a future set time period output by the traffic prediction model; the traffic prediction model is trained based on a long short-term memory (LSTM) network structure; and switching the system state of the DAS according to the communication data traffic; the system state includes at least one of a full-load state, a high-load state, a half-load state, a low-load state, and a semi-dormant state.

[0174] Furthermore, the logical instructions in the aforementioned memory 930 can be implemented as software functional units and, when sold or used as independent products, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this disclosure, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this disclosure. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0175] On the other hand, this disclosure also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program that can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer can execute the system control method provided by the above methods. The method includes: inputting the current traffic data and historical traffic data of the indoor distributed antenna system (DAS) into a traffic prediction model to obtain the communication data traffic of the DAS in a future set time period output by the traffic prediction model; the traffic prediction model is trained based on a long short-term memory network structure; and switching the system state of the DAS according to the communication data traffic; the system state includes at least one of full load state, high load state, half load state, low load state, and semi-dormant state.

[0176] In another aspect, this disclosure also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, is implemented to perform the system control methods provided by the above methods. The method includes: inputting current traffic data and historical traffic data of the indoor distributed antenna system (DAS) into a traffic prediction model to obtain the communication data traffic of the DAS within a future set time period output by the traffic prediction model; the traffic prediction model is trained based on a long short-term memory network structure; and switching the system state of the DAS according to the communication data traffic; the system state includes at least one of a full-load state, a high-load state, a half-load state, a low-load state, and a semi-dormant state.

[0177] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0178] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.

[0179] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this disclosure, and are not intended to limit them. Although this disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A passive frequency translating remote radio equipment, comprising: Multi-module connecting circuit and multiple passive frequency conversion modules; Each of the passive frequency conversion modules is cascaded through the multi-module connecting circuit; Each of the passive frequency conversion modules comprises a circuit board and multiple sub-modules arranged on the circuit board.

2. The passive frequency translating remote radio equipment of claim 1, wherein, The multiple passive frequency conversion modules are arranged in a stack.

3. The passive frequency translating remote radio equipment of claim 1 or 2, wherein, Each of the circuit boards is provided with a through hole at at least one preset same position, and an inner surface of the through hole is provided with a metal layer to realize electrical connection between the circuit boards.

4. The passive frequency translating remote radio head of any of claims 1-3, wherein, The passive frequency conversion module is used for generating multiple radio frequency signals, wherein each of the radio frequency signals has a different frequency, and the signals include radio frequency signals carrying data information and radio frequency signals providing energy.

5. The passive frequency translating remote radio head of any of claims 1-4, wherein, The multiple sub-modules of the passive frequency conversion module comprise a high-speed transmission interface, a signal transceiver, a power amplifier (PA), a circulator and a filter. The high-speed transmission interface is connected with the filter through the signal transceiver, the PA and the circulator in sequence. The signal transceiver is used for receiving a signal output by the high-speed transmission interface. The PA is used for power amplifying a signal output by the signal transceiver. The circulator is used for directional transmission of an amplified signal output by the PA. The filter is used for filtering a signal output by the circulator.

6. The passive frequency translating remote radio equipment of claim 5, wherein, The multiple sub-modules of the passive frequency conversion module further comprise a low noise amplifier (LNA), a radio frequency (RF) switch and a monitoring circuit. The signal transceiver is connected with the monitoring circuit through the LNA and the RF switch in sequence. The LNA is used for signal enhancement of a signal output by the signal transceiver. The RF switch is used for selection of a flow direction and a path of a signal output by the LNA. The monitoring circuit is used for standing wave detection according to a signal output by the RF switch.

7. The passive frequency translating remote radio equipment of claim 6, wherein, The multiple sub-modules of the passive frequency conversion module further comprise multiple loads and multiple grounders, the loads comprise a first load, a second load and a third load, the grounders comprise a first grounder, a second grounder and a third grounder, and the signal transceiver comprises a non-shift frequency signal transceiver and a shift frequency signal transceiver. The non-shift frequency signal transceiver is connected with the first grounder through the LNA, the RF switch and the first load in sequence. The shift frequency signal transceiver is connected with the second grounder through the PA, the circulator, the RF switch and the second load in sequence. The shift frequency signal transceiver is connected with the third grounder through the LNA, the RF switch and the third load in sequence.

8. The passive frequency translating remote radio equipment of claim 7, wherein, The PA comprises a first PA, a second PA and a third PA, the circulator comprises a first circulator, a second circulator and a third circulator, and the filter comprises the non-shift frequency filter, a first shift frequency filter and a second shift frequency filter. The high-speed transmission interface is connected with the non-shift frequency signal transceiver and the shift frequency signal transceiver respectively. The non-shift frequency signal transceiver is connected with the first PA, the first circulator and the non-shift frequency filter in sequence. The shift frequency signal transceiver is connected with the second PA, the second circulator and the first shift frequency filter in sequence. The frequency shift signal transceiver is sequentially connected with the third PA, the third circulator and the second frequency shift filter; The signal output by the non-frequency shift signal transceiver sequentially passes through the first PA, the first circulator and the non-frequency shift filter, and then a radio frequency signal of a first frequency is output; The signal output by the frequency shift signal transceiver sequentially passes through the second PA, the second circulator and the first frequency shift filter, and then a radio frequency signal of a second frequency is output; The signal output by the frequency shift signal transceiver sequentially passes through the third PA, the third circulator and the second frequency shift filter, and then a radio frequency signal of a third frequency is output; The radio frequency signal of the first frequency is a signal that can be directly recognized by an antenna, and the radio frequency signals of the second frequency and the third frequency are signals that cannot be directly recognized by an antenna.

9. A room set-up system comprising: The passive frequency conversion remote radio head according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The chamber set system of claim 9, wherein, Further comprising: a multi-port multi-frequency combiner, a power divider and a passive frequency conversion antenna; The passive frequency conversion remote radio head is sequentially connected with the passive frequency conversion antenna through the multi-port multi-frequency combiner and the power divider; The multi-port multi-frequency combiner is configured to combine multiple radio frequency signals output by the passive frequency conversion remote radio head; The power divider is configured to evenly divide the combined signal output by the multi-port multi-frequency combiner into two signals of the same frequency and with halved power; The passive frequency conversion antenna is configured to perform frequency conversion on the signal output by the power divider and output a frequency-converted signal to the outside.

11. The chamber set system of claim 10, wherein, The passive frequency conversion antenna comprises an input port, a non-frequency shift filter, a passive frequency mixer, a frequency shift filter, a gain module, a first output port and a second output port; The input port is sequentially connected with the first output port through the non-frequency shift filter and the gain module; The input port is sequentially connected with the second output port through the non-frequency shift filter, the passive frequency mixer, the frequency shift filter and the gain module; The passive frequency mixer is configured to perform frequency mixing on the received multiple signals to obtain a frequency-converted signal.

12. The chamber set-up system according to claim 10 or 11, wherein, The passive frequency conversion antenna comprises a first passive frequency conversion antenna and a second passive frequency conversion antenna, and the first passive frequency conversion antenna is arranged on the top floor and the second passive frequency conversion antenna is arranged on a non-top floor; The first passive frequency conversion antenna is configured to output two signals processed by the current floor to the outside; The second passive frequency conversion antenna is configured to receive two signals sent by the previous floor, output two signals processed by the current floor to the outside, and output the two signals sent by the previous floor.

13. The chamber set system of claim 11, wherein, The input port comprises a first input port, a second input port and a third input port, the non-frequency shift filter comprises a first non-frequency shift filter, a second non-frequency shift filter and a third non-frequency shift filter, and the gain module comprises a first gain module and a second gain module; The first input port is sequentially connected with the first output port through the first non-frequency shift filter and the first gain module; The second input port is connected with the second output port through the second non-frequency shift filter, the passive mixer, the frequency shift filter and the second gain module in sequence; The third input port is connected with the second output port through the third non-frequency shift filter, the passive mixer, the frequency shift filter and the second gain module in sequence.

14. The chamber set-up system according to any one of claims 10-13, wherein, The multi-port multi-frequency combiner comprises a first multi-port multi-frequency combiner and a second multi-port multi-frequency combiner; the power divider comprises a first power divider, a second power divider and a plurality of third power dividers; each third power divider is arranged on a different floor; The first multi-port multi-frequency combiner is connected with the first power divider, and the first power divider is connected with a plurality of third power dividers; The second multi-port multi-frequency combiner is connected with the second power divider, and the second power divider is connected with a plurality of third power dividers.

15. The chamber set-up system according to any one of claims 10-13, wherein, The system state of the room distribution system is switched based on communication data traffic; The communication data traffic is associated with system energy consumption; the system energy consumption comprises at least one of baseband processing energy consumption of a baseband processing unit (BBU), energy consumption of a multi-channel joint transceiver function, energy consumption of each processing unit in the passive frequency conversion remote radio frequency device and radio frequency energy consumption of each channel in the passive frequency conversion remote radio frequency device; The system state comprises at least one of a full load state, a high load state, a half load state, a low load state and a half sleep state.

16. A system control method based on the room distribution system according to any one of claims 9 to 15, comprising: inputting current traffic data of the room distribution system and historical traffic data of the room distribution system into a traffic prediction model to obtain communication data traffic of the room distribution system in a future set time period output by the traffic prediction model; The traffic prediction model is obtained based on a long short-term memory network structure; According to the communication data traffic, the system state of the room distribution system is switched; the system state comprises at least one of a full load state, a high load state, a half load state, a low load state and a half sleep state.

17. The system control method according to claim 16, wherein The sample format of the input layer of the long short-term memory network structure comprises a training batch of training data, a time step of a training sample and a parameter feature quantity; The parameter feature quantity comprises at least one of a time sequence of traffic data of a base station, a time stamp of traffic data, a maximum capacity of the base station, a maximum load percentage of a current state of the base station, an identifier of a user equipment and a type of the user equipment.

18. A system control device, comprising: a prediction module configured to input current traffic data of a room distribution system and historical traffic data of the room distribution system into a traffic prediction model to obtain communication data traffic of the room distribution system in a future set time period output by the traffic prediction model; The traffic prediction model is obtained based on a long short-term memory network structure; A switching module is configured to switch a system state of the chamber setup system according to the communication data traffic, wherein the system state comprises at least one of a full load state, a high load state, a half load state, a low load state, and a half sleep state.

19. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein, The computer program is executed by the processor to implement the system control method of claim 16 or 17.

20. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, wherein, The computer program is executed by the processor to implement the system control method of claim 16 or 17.

21. A computer program product comprising a computer program, wherein, The computer program is executed by the processor to implement the system control method of claim 16 or 17. The computer program is executed by the processor to implement the system control method of claim 16 or 17.

Images