A blood group determination kit

Abstract

The invention relates to a blood typing kit designed to make blood typing more flexible, whether in or out of the laboratory. The kit comprises coverslips containing ready-made antibodies of anti-A, anti-B, and anti-D sera, a lancet in addition to the coverslips, and compressed alcohol cotton for sterilization.

Description

[0001] A BLOOD GROUP DETERMINATION KIT

[0002] TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The invention relates to a blood group determination kit designed to make blood group determination more flexible, whether in a laboratory environment or outside it. The kit includes lamellae containing ready antibodies of anti A, B, and D serums, a lancet alongside the lamellae, and compressed alcohol cotton for sterilization.

[0004] BACKGROUND

[0005] In the known state of the technique, there are issues with blood group determination in both educational and field applications within the healthcare sector. In educational settings, problems arise when individuals undergoing medical training do not use anti-A, B, and D serums in the same and correct amounts, resulting in insufficient serum for each student. This leads to a situation where trainees do not fully grasp the training on blood group analysis.

[0006] When we look at the problems in the field, it is known that in an emergency situation, the first people to reach a bleeding patient are generally police officers. At this stage, no medical intervention or identification of the injured can be made by the police. For this, they wait for the arrival of medical personnel, and all interventions are carried out afterwards. If the injured patient is in need of blood, but the medical personnel are unable to identify and inform the hospital, the blood transfusion intervention in the hospital is delayed. The blood type of the injured patient can be determined at this point, and the hospital to which the patient will be taken can be informed. In this way, the patient's blood needs are prepared in advance when he / she arrives at the hospital. Determining the blood group before arriving at the hospital will ensure that the medical team in the hospital does not waste time and is prepared for this.

[0007] Blood group determination is done by adding anti-A, anti-B, and anti-D antibodies to the blood sample dripped at three different points on the slide. As a result of the interaction of these antibodies with antigens in the blood, the blood group of the person is determined. AIM OF THE INVENTION

[0008] The aim of the invention is to make blood group determination more flexible, whether in or out of the laboratory. In other words, it makes it possible for anyone who possesses the invention to perform blood typing when needed. Within the scope of the invention, the ready antibodies of each of the Anti A, B, and D sera used in blood group determination are available on a coverslip. The kit subject to the invention also includes a lancet attached to the coverslip, which makes it possible to take a blood sample from the patient (considering that the target group of the invention is bleeding patients). The blood sample taken with the lancet can be dripped onto the coverslip surfaces, allowing blood group determination to be performed. There is also compressed alcohol cotton for the sterilization of the person who will make the determination. With the kit subject to the invention, it is possible for healthcare professionals in training, healthcare professionals on duty, and even non-healthcare professionals to perform blood group determination more quickly and easily with a single kit.

[0009] LIST OF FIGURES

[0010] Figure 1. Representative illustration of the invention

[0011] Equivalents of the numbers given in the figures:

[0012] 1 . Lam

[0013] 2. Compartment containing Anti-A antibody serum

[0014] 3. Compartment containing Anti-B antibody serum

[0015] 4. Compartment containing Anti-D antibody serum

[0016] 5. Compartment containing cotton

[0017] 6. Compartment containing lancet

[0018] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0019] There are many types of antigens on the erythrocytes in the blood. The most important and potent of these are the A-B and Rh antigens. Blood group classifications are particularly evaluated based on these two antigen groups. Blood group classification is done according to the presence or absence of A and B antigens on the erythrocytes in the blood. Accordingly, if a person's blood contains the A antigen, it is classified as blood group A; if it contains the B antigen, it is classified as blood group B; if it contains both A and B antigens, it is classified as blood group AB; and if it contains neither A nor B antigens, it is classified as blood group 0.

[0020] There are around 50 Rh antigens on the erythrocytes in the blood. The most important and dominant of these is the Rh(D) antigen. If the erythrocytes in a person's blood contain the Rh(D) antigen, it is evaluated as Rh(D) positive. If the erythrocytes do not contain this antigen, it is evaluated as Rh(D) negative. Globally, 85% of all people have the Rh(D) antigen, while 15% do not. Typically, both tests are performed together as part of blood group determination.

[0021] The invention enables the simultaneous performance of the two tests mentioned above and features a structure containing five compartments (2, 3, 4, 5, 6) on a glass or plastic slide (1). Three of these compartments (2, 3, 4) contain Anti-A, Anti-B, and Anti-D antibodies, respectively. Labels indicating the contents of the compartments (2, 3, 4, 5, 6) are present on the slide (1 ). These labels can be either separate stickers or printed on the slide (1 ) during manufacturing. This minimizes the risk of confusion and errors in the results for the person conducting the test. All compartments (2, 3, 4, 5, 6) are sealed with a cover that can be opened in one go to prevent the antibodies from mixing and to maintain sterilization. One of these compartments (6) is designated for the lancet. The lancet in the lancet compartment (6) makes it possible to obtain the blood sample needed for the test. The lancet, known in the literature as a blood glucose lancet, allows for the collection of blood in a small, healthy, and hygienic manner without excessive bleeding. The collected blood is dripped into the compartment containing the Anti-A antibody serum (2), the compartment containing the Anti-B antibody serum (3), and the compartment containing the Anti-D antibody serum (4). As a result of the interaction between the blood and the antibodies, agglutination occurs, which allows the determination of the person's blood group. The alcohol-soaked cotton in the compartment (5) can be used for cleaning when necessary.

Claims

CLAIMS1 . A blood group determination kit, characterized by comprising;- A slide (1), wherein the slide (1) further comprises a compartment containing Anti-A antibody serum (2) comprising Anti-A antibody serum, a compartment containing Anti-B antibody serum (3) comprising Anti-B antibody serum, a compartment containing Anti-D antibody serum (4) comprising Anti-D antibody serum, a compartment containing cotton (5) comprising an alcohol-soaked cotton ball, and a compartment containing lancet (6) comprising a lancet for drawing blood from the patient,- A single-use cover that seals all compartments (2, 3, 4, 5, 6), preventing antibodies from mixing and ensuring continuous sterilization,- Labels indicating the contents of the compartments (2, 3, 4, 5, 6).

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