Positive ion cyclic collision nuclear fusion reactor

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of controlled nuclear fusion under civil nuclear energy. Provided is a positive ion cyclic collision nuclear fusion reactor. The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are: the nuclear fusion reaction time being short and the energy gain Q being less than 1. The technical solution is to use an accelerator to accelerate hydrogen isotope positive ions to 0.03-3 Mev, and then perform cyclic collision to induce a nuclear fusion reaction. In the past, it was believed that the probability of producing nuclear fusion by means of collision was less than 0.0001, and thus this approach was not used. Here, five technical solutions are used at the same time to solve the problem of the probability of collision-induced nuclear fusion being low: 1, using an accelerator to accelerate positive ions to 0.03-3 Mev; 2, inducing nuclear fusion by means of cyclic collision; 3, performing collision in a collision region with a large cross section; 4, performing collision in a long collision region; and 5, using an electromagnetic lens to focus an ion beam to increase the ion density. In the present invention, energy generated by nuclear fusion is converted into thermal energy in an energy conversion region, and then high-pressure steam is generated for power generation.

Description

Positive ion circulating colliding nuclear fusion reactor TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The technical field of the present invention is controlled nuclear fusion, belonging to the field of civil nuclear energy. BACKGROUND

[0002] After several hundred years, oil, coal and uranium will be exhausted, and wind power and solar power are discontinuous. At that time, the main energy of human beings will rely on nuclear fusion to generate, which is a problem that human beings must solve. Human beings have been researching for several decades, investing a lot of manpower and material resources, and testing various methods, but still have not solved the problem. The closest to success is the tokamak scheme (using high-temperature plasma), and the nuclear fusion reaction has been achieved by JET in Europe. In 1997, JET achieved nuclear fusion reaction for 2 seconds, and the energy gain Q = 0.65 (output energy / input energy), but after more than 20 years of various technical upgrades, the inner wall of the tokamak is replaced with the best material, and the nuclear fusion reaction in 2021 only reaches 5 seconds, and the energy gain Q = 0.33 is smaller. Other schemes also use plasma, and they are still far from industrial application. TECHNICAL PROBLEM

[0003] The main technical problem of controlled nuclear fusion is that the nuclear fusion reaction time is short and the energy gain Q is less than 1, which has no industrial applicability. People know that the higher the temperature, the easier it is to produce nuclear fusion reaction, and the temperature of JET is greater than 300 million degrees Celsius, but high-temperature plasma is difficult to constrain and easy to burn the inner wall of the tokamak, and then the elements of the inner wall material quickly make the plasma lose stability and then extinguish. On the sun, plasma can produce nuclear fusion reaction because there is high temperature, high pressure and high density, and the plasma in the tokamak only has high temperature, which is far from enough. Another important reason is that regardless of the temperature, the cross section of the electron in the plasma is much larger than that of the positive ion, and the energy obtained by the positive ion in the plasma only accounts for a small part. TECHNICAL SOLUTION

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the nuclear fusion reaction time is short and the energy gain Q is less than 1. Our technical solution is: in order to expel the interference of electrons, we do not use plasma but only use positive ions, use an accelerator to accelerate positive ions to 0.03-3Mev, and then circulate to collide to produce nuclear fusion reaction. In the past, people did not use collision to produce nuclear fusion because the probability of collision to produce nuclear fusion was less than 0.0001. We use five technical solutions to solve the problem of small nuclear reaction probability: 1. use an accelerator to accelerate positive ions to 0.03-3Mev, 2. use positive ion circulating collision to produce nuclear fusion, 3. use large cross-section collision area to collide, 4. use long collision area to collide, 5. use electromagnetic lens to focus ion beam to improve ion density. ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS

[0005] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions of the present application are: 1. The cross section of positive ions at 1Mev is 300 times larger than that at 300 million degrees, so using positive ions with an impact of about 1Mev can improve the reaction rate, 2. Using positive ion circulation impact, the impact frequency can reach 10 5 / s, 3. When using large cross section ion beam impact, one ion that is deflected by static electricity can impact the ion next to it, 4. Using long impact area impact, the ions that do not impact in this row can impact the ions in the following rows, 5. Using electromagnetic lens to focus ion beam to improve ion density, which can also improve the nuclear fusion reaction rate. The simultaneous use of these five technical solutions can greatly improve the nuclear fusion reaction rate, which can increase the nuclear fusion reaction rate from less than 0.0001 to more than 0.5, so that the energy gain Q can be close to 2, and the present application can have industrial applicability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0006] In Figure 1: 1 is the ion source, using a large Penning ion source or a microwave ion source. 2 is the accelerator, using a cyclotron or a radio frequency quadrupole accelerator (FRQ). 3 is the circulation acceleration area, which has a deflection magnetic field. 4 is the large impact area, which has a rectangular or elliptical cross section. 5 is the energy conversion area (around the impact area), the cooling medium in the energy conversion area is water or other medium. 6 is the cooling medium inlet and outlet, connected to a steam generator. 7 is the inner wall of the impact area, made of heat-resistant material for heat exchange. 8 is the outer wall of the energy conversion area, made of stainless steel. 9 is the electromagnetic lens for focusing the ion beam. 10 is the vacuum unit interface, which uses a vacuum unit to maintain the vacuum degree of the entire system. 11 is the outer wall of the reactor, made of stainless steel. 12 is the positive ion beam arrow, which is the flow direction. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[0007] The best mode for carrying out the present application is: first, use 2 large ion sources (microwave ion sources) to generate hydrogen isotope ions, with a flow rate of 10 20 / m 2 .s . Then use 2 large accelerators (cyclotrons) to accelerate the ions to 1Mev. Then use the magnetic field to guide to the large impact area to generate nuclear fusion reactions, the impact area has a rectangular or elliptical cross section, the height and width are 0.5-1m, the length of the impact area is 10m. The ions that do not impact are circulated and accelerated again for impact, the impact frequency is 10 5 / s, there are 10-16 electromagnetic lenses in the entire system for focusing the ion beam to reduce the diameter of the ion beam and increase the ion density. Controlling the ion flow rate and impact frequency can control the nuclear fusion reaction power, the temperature of the inner wall of the impact area can be controlled at 600-700 degrees Celsius, the temperature of the cooling medium (water or other medium) in the energy conversion area can be controlled at 300-350 degrees Celsius, and then high pressure steam is generated for power generation. The entire system uses 10 vacuum units to maintain the vacuum degree at 1p a -10 -3 p aThe reactor power can be selected in the range of 0.1-1 Mkw. Embodiments of the invention

[0008] To achieve the five technical solutions, a number of devices are needed to work together, which is the positive ion circulating collision nuclear fusion reactor of the invention. The invention is opposite to the high-energy collider, which is to smash ions, while the invention is to aggregate ions. The high-energy collider uses a high-energy fine ion beam, while the invention uses a low-energy thick ion beam. The specific embodiment of the invention is: first, two large ion sources (Pinning ion source or microwave ion source) are used to generate hydrogen isotope ions, with an ion flow of 10 19 / m 2 .s - 10 21 / m 2 .s Then two large accelerators (cyclotron or radio frequency quadrupole accelerator (FRQ)) are used to accelerate the ions to 0.03-3 MeV. Then the magnetic field is guided to the large collision area to collide and generate nuclear fusion reactions. The collision area is rectangular or elliptical in cross section, with a height and width of 0.1-5 m, and a length of 0.2-20 m. The circulating ions that do not collide are accelerated again for collision. The collision frequency is 10-10 5 / s, and there are 10-20 electromagnetic lenses in the entire system for focusing the ion beam, reducing the ion beam diameter and increasing the ion density. By controlling the ion flow and collision frequency, the nuclear fusion reaction power can be controlled. The temperature of the inner wall of the collision area can be controlled at 600-700 degrees Celsius, and the temperature of the cooling medium (water or other medium) in the energy conversion area can be controlled at 300-350 degrees Celsius, and then high-pressure steam is generated for power generation. The entire system uses 8-12 vacuum units to maintain a vacuum degree of 2p a -10 -5 p a . Reactors of different sizes can be designed to have a power in the range of 0.01-10 Mkw. Industrial applicability

[0009] The positive ion circulating collision nuclear fusion reactor of the invention converts the energy of nuclear fusion reactions into heat energy, and then generates high-pressure steam for power generation. However, only when the energy gain Q is close to 2, the nuclear fusion reactor has more energy for power generation, and there is a net power output. Free content of the sequence listing

[0010] Enter free-text description of the sequence listing here.

Claims

1. A nuclear fusion reactor: positive ion circulation pair collision nuclear fusion reactor, which is a reactor for generating nuclear fusion by circulating and colliding positive ions of hydrogen isotopes, characterized in that, The system includes 2 ion sources (1) with ion flux of 10 19 / m 2 .s - 10 21 / m 2 .s, 2 accelerators (2) to accelerate ions to 0.03-3Mev, 2 circulating acceleration zones (3) with circulating collision frequency of 10-10 5 / s, 1 large collision zone (4) with rectangular or elliptical cross section, height and width of 0.1-5m, length of 0.2-20m, inner wall temperature of 600-700℃, and surrounding energy conversion zone (5) with cooling medium of water or other medium at temperature of 300-350℃, followed by steam generator. The whole system is kept at vacuum degree of 2p a -10 -5 p a , and 10-20 electromagnetic lenses (9) are used to focus ion beams in the whole system.

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