Signal transmission method and apparatus, device, chip, and storage medium

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide a signal transmission method and apparatus, a device, a chip, and a storage medium. The method comprises: a first device sends a first signal to a second device on a first resource, wherein the first resource is related to energy storage information and / or energy acquisition information of the first device.

Description

A signal transmission method and device, equipment, chip and storage medium TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] Embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of mobile communication, in particular to a signal transmission method and device, equipment, chip and storage medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] In some scenarios of environmental Internet of Things, a large number of wireless tags of first devices need to be read in a short time. If the environmental Internet of Things does not support Frequency Division Multiple Address (FDMA), the first devices will use the same time-frequency resource for reporting, thereby causing transmission interference. Since the working time of the first devices is mainly limited by their own energy, measures need to be taken to ensure that the first devices with weak energy also have the opportunity to complete communication.

[0003] SUMMARY

[0004] Embodiments of the present application provide a signal transmission method and device, equipment, chip and storage medium.

[0005] In a first aspect, a signal transmission method provided by embodiments of the present application includes:

[0006] The first device sends a first signal to a second device on a first resource; the first resource is related to energy storage information and / or energy collection information of the first device.

[0007] In a second aspect, a signal transmission method provided by embodiments of the present application includes:

[0008] The first device sends a first signal; the first signal is related to a target access mode, and the target access mode is determined based on energy storage information and / or energy collection information of the first device.

[0009] In a third aspect, a signal transmission method provided by embodiments of the present application includes:

[0010] The second device receives a first signal sent by the first device on a first resource; the first resource is related to energy storage information and / or energy collection information of the first device.

[0011] In a fourth aspect, a signal transmission device provided by embodiments of the present application is applied to a first device, and includes:

[0012] A first sending unit is configured to send a first signal to a second device on a first resource; the first resource is related to energy storage information and / or energy collection information of the first device.

[0013] In a fifth aspect, a signal transmission apparatus is provided. The signal transmission apparatus is applied to a first device and includes a first sending unit configured to send a first signal. The first signal is related to a target access mode, and the target access mode is determined based on energy storage information and / or energy harvesting information of the first device.

[0014] A second sending unit is configured to send a first signal. The first signal is related to a target access mode, and the target access mode is determined based on energy storage information and / or energy harvesting information of the first device.

[0015] In a sixth aspect, a signal transmission apparatus is provided. The signal transmission apparatus is applied to a second device and includes a receiving unit configured to receive a first signal sent by a first device on a first resource. The first resource is related to energy storage information and / or energy harvesting information of the first device.

[0016] A receiving unit is configured to receive a first signal sent by a first device on a first resource. The first resource is related to energy storage information and / or energy harvesting information of the first device.

[0017] In a seventh aspect, a first device is provided. The first device includes a processor and a memory. The memory is configured to store a computer program, and the processor is configured to invoke and run the computer program stored in the memory to execute the signal transmission method.

[0018] In an eighth aspect, a second device is provided. The second device includes a processor and a memory. The memory is configured to store a computer program, and the processor is configured to invoke and run the computer program stored in the memory to execute the signal transmission method.

[0019] A chip is provided. The chip is configured to implement the signal transmission method.

[0020] Specifically, the chip includes a processor configured to invoke and run a computer program from a memory, so that a device installed with the chip executes the signal transmission method.

[0021] A computer readable storage medium is provided. The computer readable storage medium is configured to store a computer program. The computer program is configured to make a computer execute the signal transmission method.

[0022] A computer program product is provided. The computer program product includes computer program instructions. The computer program instructions are configured to make a computer execute the signal transmission method.

[0023] A computer program is provided. When the computer program is run on a computer, the computer program is configured to make the computer execute the signal transmission method.

[0024] A signal transmission method is provided. A first device can determine a first resource for communication with a second device (reader) based on energy storage information and / or energy harvesting information of the first device, so as to ensure that the first device with limited energy can obtain an opportunity for communication transmission. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application. In the drawings:

[0026] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an environmental Internet of Things communication system architecture provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a radio frequency energy harvesting module provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a backscattering communication principle provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a resistance load modulation principle provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an NRZ encoding provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a Manchester encoding provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an Unipolar RZ encoding provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a DBP encoding provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a Miller encoding provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a reading process of a wireless tag provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a flow of a signal transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a first signal provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a first time slot for transmitting the first signal provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a structure of the first signal provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a four-step access mode communication provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a second signal provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a two-step access mode communication according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a first signal according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a first signal according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram of a signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram of a signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram of a signal transmission apparatus 2300 according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram of a signal transmission apparatus 2400 according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram of a signal transmission apparatus 2500 according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] FIG. 26 is a schematic diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] FIG. 27 is a schematic diagram of a chip according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] FIG. 28 is a schematic diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the scope of the present application.

[0055] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0056] As shown in FIG. 1, a communication system 100 can include a first device 110 and a second device 120. The second device 120 can communicate with the first device 110 through an air interface. The first device 110 and the second device 120 support multi-service transmission.

[0057] It should be understood that the embodiments of the present application are only exemplarily described with respect to the communication system 100, but the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto. That is, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as a Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, an LTE Time Division Duplex (TDD), a Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), an Internet of Things (IoT) system, a Narrow Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT) system, an enhanced Machine-Type Communications (eMTC) system, a 5G communication system (also referred to as a New Radio (NR) communication system), or a future communication system, etc.

[0058] In the communication system 100 shown in FIG. 1, the second device 120 can be an access network device that communicates with the first device 110. The access network device can provide communication coverage for a specific geographic area, and can communicate with the first device 110 (e.g., a User Equipment (UE)) located within the coverage area.

[0059] The second device 120 can be an Evolutional Node B (eNB or eNodeB) in a Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, or a Next Generation Radio Access Network (NG RAN) device, or a base station (gNB) in an NR system, or a radio controller in a Cloud Radio Access Network (CRAN), or a relay station, an access point, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, a hub, a switch, a bridge, a router, or a second device in a future evolved Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN), etc.

[0060] The first device 110 can be any first device, including but not limited to a first device that employs a wired or wireless connection with the second device 120 or other first devices.

[0061] For example, the first device 110 can refer to an Ambient-Internet of Things (A-IOT) device, an access terminal, a UE, a subscriber unit, a subscriber station, a mobile station, a mobile, a remote station, a remote terminal, a mobile device, a user terminal, a terminal, a wireless communication device, a user agent, or a user device. The access terminal can be a cellular telephone, a cordless telephone, a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phone, an IoT device, a satellite phone, a Wireless Local Loop (WLL) station, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), a handheld device having wireless communication functions, a computing device, or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem, an in-vehicle device, a wearable device, a first device in a 5G network, or a first device in a future evolved network, etc.

[0062] The first device 110 can be configured to perform Device to Device (D2D) communication.

[0063] The wireless communication system 100 can further include a core network device 130 in communication with the second device 120, which can be a 5G core network (5GC) device, e.g., an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF), e.g., an Authentication Server Function (AUSF), e.g., a User Plane Function (UPF), e.g., a Session Management Function (SMF). Alternatively, the core network device 130 can also be an Evolved Packet Core (EPC) device of an LTE network, e.g., a Session Management Function + Core Packet Gateway (SMF+PGW-C) device. It should be understood that the SMF+PGW-C can implement the functions of both the SMF and the PGW-C. In the evolution of the network, the above-mentioned core network device can also be called other names, or new network entities can be formed by dividing the functions of the core network, which is not limited by the embodiments of the present application.

[0064] The various functional units in the communication system 100 can also establish a connection through a Next Generation (NG) interface to realize communication.

[0065] For example, the first device 110 establishes an air interface connection with the access network device through the NR interface, which is used to transmit user plane data and control plane signaling; the first device 110 can establish a control plane signaling connection with the AMF through the NG interface 1 (referred to as N1); the access network device, for example, a next generation wireless access base station (gNB), can establish a user plane data connection with the UPF through the NG interface 3 (referred to as N3); the access network device can establish a control plane signaling connection with the AMF through the NG interface 2 (referred to as N2); the UPF can establish a control plane signaling connection with the SMF through the NG interface 4 (referred to as N4); the UPF can interact with the data network to transmit user plane data through the NG interface 6 (referred to as N6); the AMF can establish a control plane signaling connection with the SMF through the NG interface 11 (referred to as N11); the SMF can establish a control plane signaling connection with the PCF through the NG interface 7 (referred to as N7).

[0066] FIG. 1 exemplarily shows one second device 120, one core network device 130 and two first devices 110. Optionally, the wireless communication system 100 can include multiple second devices 120 and each second device 120 can include other numbers of first devices 110 within the coverage range of the second device 120, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0067] It should be noted that FIG. 1 only schematically shows a system to which the embodiments of the present application are applied in an exemplary manner. Of course, the method shown in the embodiments of the present application can also be applied to other systems. In addition, the terms "system" and "network" are often used interchangeably in the present application. The term "and / or" in the present application is only used to describe the association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B can represent the following three cases: A exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in the present application generally represents an "or" relationship between the front and rear associated objects. It should also be understood that the "indication" mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can be direct indication or indirect indication, and can also represent an associated relationship. For example, A indicates B, which can mean that B can be obtained through A; or it can mean that A indirectly indicates B, for example, A indicates C, and B can be obtained through C; or it can mean that A and B have an associated relationship. It should also be understood that the "corresponding" mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can mean a direct or indirect corresponding relationship between the two, or it can mean an associated relationship between the two, or it can mean an indication and being indicated, configuration and being configured, etc. It should also be understood that the "predefined" or "predefined rule" mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can be realized by pre-saving the corresponding code, table or other means that can be used to indicate the relevant information in the device (for example, including the first device and the second device), and the specific implementation manner of the present application is not limited. For example, the predefined can mean the definition in the protocol. It should also be understood that the "protocol" in the embodiments of the present application can mean a standard protocol in the communication field, which can include the LTE protocol, the NR protocol and the related protocol applied to the future communication system, and the present application is not limited thereto.

[0068] In order to facilitate the understanding of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the related technologies of the embodiments of the present application are described below. The following related technologies can be combined with the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application in any manner, and all of them belong to the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0069] The development of communication technology will have higher requirements on the price and power consumption of the first device, especially the low complexity, low cost and low power consumption of the environmental Internet of Things communication technology will become the key technology of future communication network.

[0070] Referring to the environment Internet of Things communication system architecture diagram shown in FIG. 2, the environment Internet of Things communication system can be composed of a network device (i.e., the second device 120 in the foregoing) and an A-IoT device (i.e., the first device 110 in the foregoing). The network device is configured to send a wireless energizing signal and / or a downlink communication signal to the A-IoT device, and is further configured to receive a backscattering signal of the A-IoT device. A basic A-IoT device can include an energy harvesting module, a backscattering communication module, a low-power computing module, and a sensor module. In addition, the A-IoT device can further have a memory for storing some basic information (such as an article identifier) and sensor data such as ambient temperature and ambient humidity.

[0071] The key technologies of the environment Internet of Things communication mainly include radio frequency energy harvesting (RF Power Harvesting) and backscattering communication (Back Scattering). The A-IoT device refers to an IoT device that is driven by various environmental energies such as wireless radio frequency energy, light energy, solar energy, thermal energy, and mechanical energy. Such a device can have no energy storage capability or can have very limited energy storage capability (such as using a capacitor with a capacity of several tens of microfarads (uF)). Compared with existing IoT devices, the A-IoT device has many advantages such as no conventional battery, no maintenance, small size, low complexity, low cost, and long service life.

[0072] Referring to the structure diagram of the radio frequency energy harvesting module shown in FIG. 3, the radio frequency energy harvesting module can include a diode, a capacitor C, and a resistor R L In actual applications, the radio frequency energy harvesting module realizes the collection of spatial electromagnetic wave energy based on the electromagnetic induction principle, and then obtains the energy required for driving the A-IoT device to work, for example, for driving a low-power demodulation and modulation module, a sensor, and a memory reading, and the like. That is, the A-IoT device can not need a traditional battery module.

[0073] Referring to the backscattering communication principle diagram shown in FIG. 4, the A-IoT device receives the wireless signal sent by the network device, modulates the wireless signal, loads the information to be sent, and radiates the modulated signal from the antenna. This information transmission process is called backscattering communication.

[0074] It should be noted that the backscattering and the load modulation function are inseparable. The load modulation adjusts and controls the circuit parameters of the oscillation loop of the A-IoT device according to the beat of the data stream, so that the size and other parameters of the impedance of the electronic tag change, thereby completing the modulation process.

[0075] Load modulation techniques can include two methods: resistive load modulation and capacitive load modulation. Referring to Figure 5, which illustrates the principle of resistive load modulation, in resistive load modulation, the load R... L A resistor R3 can be connected in parallel. This resistor R3 can be switched on or off based on the control of the binary data stream. The switching of resistor R3 causes a change in the circuit voltage, thus realizing Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK), which modulates and transmits the signal by adjusting the amplitude of the backscattered signal from the A-IoT device. Similarly, in capacitive load modulation, the switching of the capacitor can change the circuit's resonant frequency, realizing Frequency Shift Keying (FSK), which modulates and transmits the signal by adjusting the operating frequency of the backscattered signal from the A-IoT device.

[0076] As can be seen, A-IoT devices utilize load modulation to modulate the incoming signal, thereby achieving backscatter communication. Therefore, A-IoT devices have the following significant advantages:

[0077] (1) A-IoT devices do not actively transmit signals, so they do not require complex radio frequency links, such as power amplifiers (PA) and radio frequency filters;

[0078] (2) A-IoT devices do not need to actively generate high-frequency signals, therefore they do not need high-frequency crystal oscillators;

[0079] (3) With the help of backscatter communication, A-IoT devices do not need to consume the terminal's own energy for signal transmission.

[0080] The following describes the application scenarios of environmental IoT communication.

[0081] Environmental IoT communication has significant advantages such as extremely low cost, zero power consumption, and small size, and can be widely used in various industries, such as logistics, smart warehousing, smart agriculture, energy and power, and industrial internet for vertical industries; it can also be used in personal applications such as smart wearables and smart homes.

[0082] The encoding method for environmental energy communication is as follows:

[0083] In the environmental Internet of Things, the data transmitted by the electronic tags can be represented by different forms of codes for binary "1" and "0". The wireless radio frequency identification system usually uses one of the following encoding methods: Non-Return-to-Zero (NRZ) encoding, Manchester encoding, Unipolar RZ encoding, Differential Binary Phase (DBP) encoding, Miller encoding and differential encoding. In common parlance, different pulse signals are used to represent 0 and 1.

[0084] (1) NRZ encoding

[0085] Referring to FIG. 6, the NRZ encoding uses a high level to represent binary "1" and a low level to represent binary "0".

[0086] (2) Manchester encoding

[0087] The Manchester encoding is also known as Split-Phase Coding. In the Manchester encoding, the value of a bit is represented by the change (rise / fall) of the level at half of the bit period. Referring to FIG. 7, the negative jump at half of the bit period represents binary "1", and the positive jump at half of the bit period represents binary "0"; the Manchester encoding is usually used for data transmission from the electronic tags to the reader / writer when the carrier is used for load modulation or backscatter modulation, because this is advantageous for finding errors in data transmission. This is because the state of "no change" is not allowed within the bit length. When the data bits transmitted by multiple electronic tags simultaneously have different values, the rising and falling edges of the received signals cancel each other out, resulting in an uninterrupted carrier signal within the entire bit length, and since this state is not allowed, the reader / writer can determine the specific position of the collision by using this error.

[0088] (3) Unipolar RZ encoding

[0089] Referring to FIG. 8, the Unipolar RZ encoding uses a high level in the first half of the bit period to represent binary "1", and a low level signal that lasts throughout the entire bit period to represent binary "0"; the Unipolar RZ encoding can be used to extract the bit synchronization signal.

[0090] (4) DBP encoding

[0091] Referring to FIG. 9, the DBP encoding uses any edge in the half of the bit period to represent binary "0", and no edge to represent binary "1"; in addition, the level is inverted at the beginning of each bit period. Therefore, it is relatively easy for the receiver to reconstruct the bit clock.

[0092] (5) Miller encoding

[0093] Referring to FIG. 10, the Miller encoding represents binary "1" by any edge in half of a bit period, and represents binary "0" by a constant level in the next bit period; in addition, the level is alternated at the beginning of the bit period. Therefore, it is easier for the receiver to reconstruct the bit period.

[0094] (6) Differential encoding

[0095] In the differential encoding, each binary "1" to be transmitted causes a change in the signal level, and for binary "0", the signal level remains unchanged.

[0096] Based on the energy source and usage of the A-IoT device, the A-IoT device can be classified as follows:

[0097] (1) Passive A-IoT device

[0098] The A-IoT device does not need to be equipped with a battery. When the A-IoT device is close to a network node (such as a reader of a radio frequency identification (RFID) system), the A-IoT device is within the near field formed by the antenna radiation of the network node. Therefore, the A-IoT device antenna generates an induced current through electromagnetic induction, which drives the low-power chip circuit of the A-IoT device. The induced current realizes the demodulation of the forward link signal (such as the downlink signal, i.e., the link signal from the network device to the A-IoT device) and the signal modulation of the backward link (such as the uplink signal, i.e., the link signal from the A-IoT device to the network device) and other work. For the backscatter link, the A-IoT device uses the backscatter implementation to transmit signals.

[0099] As can be seen, the passive A-IoT device does not need a built-in battery to drive it, and is a truly passive A-IoT device.

[0100] The passive A-IoT device does not need a battery, and the radio frequency circuit and the baseband circuit are very simple, for example, without a low noise amplifier (LNA), a power amplifier (PA), a crystal oscillator, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), and other devices, so it has many advantages such as small size, light weight, very low price, long service life, etc.

[0101] (2) Semi-passive A-IoT device

[0102] The semi-passive A-IoT device does not install a regular battery itself, but can use an energy harvesting module to harvest environmental energy such as wireless radio frequency signal energy, solar energy, thermal energy, mechanical vibration energy, etc., and store the harvested energy in an energy storage unit (such as a capacitor). After the energy storage unit obtains energy, it can drive the low-power chip circuit of the A-IoT device. Realize the demodulation of the forward link signal, and the signal modulation of the backward link, etc. For the backscatter link, the A-IoT device can use the backscatter mode or the active transmission mode to realize the transmission of the signal.

[0103] As can be seen, the semi-passive A-IoT device does not need to be built-in with a battery to drive, although it uses the energy stored in the capacitor during work, but the energy comes from the environmental energy harvested by the energy harvesting module, so it is also a truly A-IoT device.

[0104] The semi-passive A-IoT device inherits many advantages of the passive A-IoT device, so it has many advantages such as small size, light weight, very cheap price, long service life, etc.

[0105] (3) Active A-IoT device

[0106] The A-IoT device used in some scenarios can also be an active A-IoT device, which can be built-in with a battery (regular battery, such as dry battery, rechargeable lithium battery, etc.). The battery is used to drive the low-power chip circuit of the A-IoT device, to realize the demodulation of the forward link signal, and the signal modulation of the backward link, etc. But for the backscatter link, the A-IoT device uses the backscatter mode or the active transmission mode to realize the transmission of the signal. Therefore, the zero power consumption of this type of A-IoT device mainly reflects that the signal transmission of the backward link does not require the power of the terminal itself, but uses the backscatter mode. Although the active A-IoT device uses a battery, this type of active A-IoT device has very low power consumption and complexity, so it can have a battery with a smaller capacity, thereby achieving smaller cost and size. The built-in battery can also be used as an energy storage unit to store the environmental energy harvested by the energy harvesting module, thereby achieving a longer maintenance period, or even maintenance-free.

[0107] The active A-IoT device is powered by a built-in battery to increase the communication distance of the A-IoT device and improve the reliability of the communication. Therefore, it can be applied in some scenarios with relatively high requirements for communication distance, reading delay, etc.

[0108] It should be noted that for some of the A-IoT devices, such as semi-passive A-IoT devices or active A-IoT devices, can have the ability of active transmission, that is, the back link can communicate in the way of active transmission in addition to the way of back scattering.

[0109] Based on the transmitter type of the A-IoT device, the A-IoT device can be divided into the following types:

[0110] 1) First device type

[0111] Such A-IoT device has a peak power consumption of about 1 microwatt (μW), has energy storage capability, and an initial sampling frequency offset (SFO) of up to 10 X ppm (parts per million), neither has a downlink amplifier nor has an uplink amplifier, and performs uplink transmission through back scattering of a carrier wave.

[0112] 2) Second device type

[0113] Such A-IoT device has a peak power consumption of less than or equal to several hundred μW, has energy storage capability, and an initial SFO of up to 10 X ppm, has a downlink amplifier and / or has an uplink amplifier, and performs uplink transmission through back scattering of a carrier wave.

[0114] 3) Third device type

[0115] Such A-IoT device has a peak power consumption of less than or equal to several hundred μW, has energy storage capability, and an initial SFO of up to 10 X ppm, has a downlink amplifier and / or has an uplink amplifier, and performs uplink transmission through internal generation (generated internally), which can also be referred to as being based on active transmission.

[0116] It should be understood that the above A-IoT device types are only exemplarily given in the embodiments of the present application, and the A-IoT system can include other device types, which are not limited by the embodiments of the present application.

[0117] With the booming development of cellular Internet of Things (IoT), the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has standardized IoT technologies such as NB-IoT, MTC, RedCap, etc., but there are still many IoT communication needs in various scenarios that cannot be met using related technologies. For example, in harsh communication environments, there are needs for extremely small-sized terminal forms and extremely low-cost IoT communication in scenarios, which cannot be met using related technologies.

[0118] For harsh communication environment scenarios, some IoT scenarios may face extreme environments such as high temperature, extremely low temperature, high humidity, high pressure, high radiation, or high-speed motion. For example, ultra-high voltage substations, high-speed train track monitoring, high-cold zone environment monitoring, industrial production lines, etc. In these scenarios, due to the working environment limitations of conventional power supplies, existing IoT terminals will not work. In addition, extreme working environments are also not conducive to the maintenance of IoT, such as replacing batteries.

[0119] The extremely small-sized terminal form requirement scenario can include food traceability, commodity circulation, and smart wearable scenarios, which require terminals to have extremely small sizes to facilitate use in these scenarios. For example, IoT terminals for commodity management in the circulation link are usually in the form of electronic tags, which are embedded in commodity packaging in a very small form. For another example, lightweight wearable devices can meet user needs while improving user experience.

[0120] In addition, many IoT communication scenarios require IoT terminals to be low-cost enough to improve competitiveness relative to other alternative technologies. For example, in logistics or warehousing scenarios, in order to facilitate the management of a large number of circulating goods, IoT terminals can be attached to each item to complete the precise management of the entire logistics process and cycle through communication between the terminal and the logistics network. These scenarios require IoT terminals to have sufficient competitiveness in price.

[0121] Therefore, in order to cover these unmet IoT communication needs, ultra-low-cost, extremely small-sized, battery-free, and maintenance-free IoTs are needed in cellular networks, and environmental IoTs can exactly meet this demand.

[0122] Based on the discussion of A-IoT application scenarios by the 3GPP system architecture (SA), A-IoT can be used in at least the following four scenarios:

[0123] (1) Object identification

[0124] Applying environmental IoT in the scenario of object identification, such as logistics, production line product management, supply chain management, etc.

[0125] (2) Environment monitoring

[0126] The environmental IoT is applied in the environment monitoring scenarios, such as temperature, humidity, and harmful gas monitoring of working environment and natural environment.

[0127] (3) Positioning

[0128] The environmental IoT is applied in the positioning scenarios, such as indoor positioning, intelligent lost object finding, and production line article positioning.

[0129] (4) Intelligent control

[0130] The environmental IoT is applied in the intelligent control scenarios, such as intelligent control of various electrical appliances in smart home (turning on / off air conditioner and adjusting temperature), intelligent control of various facilities in agricultural greenhouse (automatic irrigation and fertilization), and the like.

[0131] Currently, the RFID technology is a kind of environmental energy communication technology. With reference to FIG. 11, taking a reader (network device) and a first device (A-IoT device) as an example, the reading process of a wireless tag includes the following steps:

[0132] Step 1, the reader sends a trigger signaling or an inquiry signaling.

[0133] Step 2, the first device sends a first identifier to the reader.

[0134] Specifically, in response to the inquiry signaling, the first device sends a first identifier to the reader. The first identifier may be, for example, N-bit information randomly generated by the first device. If N = 16, the first identifier corresponds to a 16-bit random or pseudo-random number (RN16).

[0135] Step 3, the reader sends confirmation information to the first device.

[0136] Specifically, if the reader receives the first identifier sent by the first device, the reader sends confirmation information, such as an acknowledge character (ACK), to the first device. The ACK is associated with the RN16 corresponding to the first device.

[0137] Step 4, the first device reports a second identifier to the reader.

[0138] Specifically, the first device reports the second identifier to the reader, the second identifier includes device identifier information, which may include, for example, protocol control (PC) information of the first device and / or electronic product code (EPC) information of the first device. The PC information is an identification segment that determines the length of the EPC, and the EPC information is the electronic product code information that the reader needs to obtain.

[0139] Through the above four steps, the reader can obtain the device identifier information corresponding to the first device.

[0140] Further, in the above step 1, the trigger signaling or query signaling sent by the reader is usually sent in a broadcast or multicast manner, and the trigger signaling or query signaling may include a parameter Q, which is used to determine the number of time units in one query process. The first device can randomly generate an integer q between [0, 2Q-1] according to the parameter Q to determine the initial value of the counter corresponding to the first device; if the first device receives the QueryRep signaling sent by the reader, the value of the counter is reduced by one, and if the counter is 0, the first device sends the first identifier to the reader. The first identifier may be, for example, a 16-bit random number RN16 generated by the first device. When there are a large number of A-IoT devices in the system, if the value of Q is small, multiple A-IoT devices may select the same q. The counters of these devices will be reduced to 0 at the same time, and the first identifiers corresponding to each device will be sent to the reader at the same time. If the A-IoT system does not support frequency division multiple access (FDMA), these devices will use the same time-frequency resource to send the first identifier, which will cause transmission interference and reduce the probability of the reader correctly obtaining the first identifier corresponding to each device, thereby reducing the system performance.

[0141] At the same time, the reading process of the above wireless tag is relatively cumbersome, and the working time of the A-IoT device is mainly affected by the energy harvesting level, the distance, and the terminal type. Referring to Table 1, it can be seen that the working time of the A-IoT device is mainly limited by energy. Therefore, some measures need to be taken to ensure that A-IoT devices with weak energy have the opportunity to complete communication.

[0142] Table 1 A-IoT device working time reference table

[0143] Therefore, the embodiments of the present application provide a signal transmission method, and the first device can determine the first resource for communication with the second device (reader) based on the energy storage information and / or the energy harvesting information of the first device, so that the energy-limited first device can obtain the opportunity of communication transmission.

[0144] In order to understand the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the technical solutions of the present application are described in detail below through specific embodiments. The above related technologies can be combined with the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application as optional solutions, which all belong to the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application. The embodiments of the present application include at least part of the following contents.

[0145] FIG. 12 shows a signal transmission method provided by the embodiments of the present application, which can include the following steps.

[0146] S1200, the first device sends a first signal to the second device on a first resource; the first resource is related to the energy storage information and / or the energy harvesting information of the first device.

[0147] In the embodiment, the first device sends a first signal to the second device on a first resource; the first resource is related to the energy storage information and / or the energy harvesting information of the first device.

[0148] Optionally, the first device mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can be a terminal with low power consumption, low complexity and low cost. Such a first device with low power consumption, low complexity and low cost can be an A-IoT device (such as an IoT terminal based on ambient power (AMP)), a low-power terminal, a low-cost terminal, a low-capability terminal (such as a Redcap UE), etc., which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0149] The A-IoT device can include a first device based on ambient energy, i.e., an AMP IoT terminal. The ambient energy can include wireless radio frequency energy, solar energy, thermal energy, mechanical energy, kinetic energy, etc. From the perspective of energy harvesting, the A-IoT device can also be called an energy harvesting device, which can obtain the energy required for communication, and can support the communication mode of backscattering and / or the communication mode of active emission.

[0150] In some embodiments, the first resource is related to the energy storage information of the first device, or the first resource is related to the energy harvesting information of the first device, or the first resource is related to the energy storage information and the energy harvesting information of the first device.

[0151] In some embodiments, the first resource is any one of the following: a first time domain resource; a first frequency domain resource; a first frequency domain resource on a first time domain resource.

[0152] In an example, the first resource can be a first time domain resource, which can be understood as one or more time frames that are discrete or continuous in the communication system; the first time domain resource can also be understood as one or more time slots that are discrete or continuous in the one or more time frames; the first time domain resource can also be understood as one or more symbols that are discrete or continuous in the one or more time slots; and the specific first time domain resource can be determined according to actual conditions, which is not specifically limited herein.

[0153] In another example, the first resource can be a first frequency domain resource, which can be understood as all or part of the bandwidth in the communication system; the first frequency domain resource can also be understood as one or more resource block groups (RBGs) that are discrete or continuous in the all or part of the bandwidth; the first frequency domain resource can also be understood as one or more subcarriers that are discrete or continuous in the one or more RBGs; and the specific first frequency domain resource can be determined according to actual conditions, which is not specifically limited herein.

[0154] In yet another example, the first resource can be a first frequency domain resource on a first time domain resource, which can be understood as one or more symbols that are discrete or continuous in the first time domain resource, and the first frequency domain resource can be understood as one or more resource elements (REs) that are discrete or continuous in the first frequency domain resource; and the specific first frequency domain resource on the first time domain resource can be determined according to actual conditions, which is not specifically limited herein.

[0155] In some embodiments, the first resource is determined based on a first value, and the first value is related to the energy storage information and / or the energy harvesting information of the first device.

[0156] In some embodiments, the first device can determine the first value according to the energy storage information, the first device can also determine the first value according to the energy harvesting information, and the first device can also determine the first value according to the energy storage information and the energy harvesting information.

[0157] In an example, the first value is N-bit information generated by the first device based on the energy storage information and / or the energy harvesting information of the first device, and if N=16, the first value is RN16, and the RN16 determines the first resource of the first device for sending the first signal; the first value can also be sent to the second device through the first signal, and the structure of the first signal can include header information and the first value, as shown in FIG. 13.

[0158] In some embodiments, the energy storage information comprises one or more of: a percentage of energy storage of the first device; a time length of energy storage of the first device since a first time; an energy storage energy of the first device since the first time; a first time length of reflecting / transmitting signals of the first device in a first period; an energy consumption energy of reflecting / transmitting signals of the first device in the first period; wherein the first time is a wake-up time of the first device, and the first period is a historical period of operation of the first device.

[0159] In one example, the percentage of energy storage of the first device can be understood as a proportion of energy currently stored by the first device to a total capacity of the first device, and the first device obtains the percentage of energy storage by measurement or the like, such as 30%, 60%, or 90%, and the first device can determine the first value according to the percentage of energy storage after obtaining the percentage of energy storage.

[0160] In another example, the time length of energy storage of the first device since the first time can be understood as a cumulative time length of energy storage of the first device after being woken up, such as 0.1s, 1s, or 10s, and the first device can determine the first value according to the time length of energy storage after obtaining the time length of energy storage.

[0161] In yet another example, the energy storage energy of the first device since the first time can be understood as a cumulative energy of energy storage of the first device after being woken up, and the first device obtains the energy storage energy by measurement or the like, such as 0.1 Joule, 0.01 Joule, 0.001 Joule, or 0.0001 Joule, and the first device can determine the first value according to the energy storage energy after obtaining the energy storage energy.

[0162] In still another example, the first time length of reflecting / transmitting signals of the first device in the first period can be understood as a cumulative time of reflecting / transmitting signals of the first device in a historical period of operation (such as a previous period), and the first device obtains the cumulative time by measurement or the like, such as 0.05s, 0.5s, or 5s, and the first device can determine the first value according to the first time length after obtaining the first time length.

[0163] In yet still another example, the energy consumption energy of reflecting / transmitting signals of the first device in the first period can be understood as a cumulative energy consumption of reflecting / transmitting signals of the first device in a historical period of operation (such as a previous period), and the first device obtains the energy consumption energy by measurement or the like, such as 0.5 Joule, 0.05 Joule, 0.005 Joule, or 0.0005 Joule, and the first device can determine the first value according to the cumulative energy consumption after obtaining the cumulative energy consumption.

[0164] It should be understood that the first device can determine the first value according to not only one item in the above energy storage information, but also at least two items in the above energy storage information; the specific manner of determining the first value according to the energy storage information can be determined according to actual conditions, and the embodiments of the present application do not make specific limitations here.

[0165] In some embodiments, the energy collection information includes one or more of the following: a power at which the first device collects energy; a signal-to-noise ratio at which the first device collects energy; an energy collection time length during which the first device collects energy starting from the first time; and a second time length during which the first device reflects / transmits a signal in the first period.

[0166] In one example, the power at which the first device collects energy can be understood as the power of all the energy collected by the first device, and can also be the average power when the first device collects energy, or the power per unit time. The first device obtains the power by measuring, for example, -20 dBm, -40 dBm, -60 dBm, or -80 dBm, etc. After obtaining the power, the first device can determine the first value according to the power.

[0167] In another example, the signal-to-noise ratio at which the first device collects energy can be understood as the signal-to-noise ratio when the first device collects energy. The first device obtains the signal-to-noise ratio by measuring, for example, 10 dB (decibel), 15 dB, or 20 dB, etc. After obtaining the signal-to-noise ratio, the first device can determine the first value according to the signal-to-noise ratio.

[0168] In still another example, the energy collection time length during which the first device collects energy starting from the first time can be understood as the cumulative time length during which the first device collects energy after being woken up. The first device obtains the energy collection time length by measuring, for example, 0.1 s, 1 s, or 10 s, etc. After obtaining the energy collection time length, the first device can determine the first value according to the energy collection time length.

[0169] In yet another example, the second time length during which the first device reflects / transmits a signal in the first period can be understood as the cumulative time during which the first device reflects / transmits a signal in the historical period (for example, the last period) of working. The first device obtains the cumulative time by measuring, for example, 0.05 s, 0.5 s, or 5 s, etc. After obtaining the second time length, the first device can determine the first value according to the second time length.

[0170] It should be understood that the first device can determine the first value according to not only one item in the above energy collection information, but also at least two items in the above energy collection information; the specific manner of determining the first value according to the energy collection information can be determined according to actual conditions, and the embodiments of the present application do not make specific limitations here.

[0171] It should also be understood that the first device can determine the first value based on at least two of the above-mentioned energy storage information and the above-mentioned energy collection information, in addition to or instead of one or more of the above-mentioned energy storage information or one or more of the above-mentioned energy collection information. The manner in which the first value is determined according to the energy storage information and the energy collection information can be determined according to actual conditions, and embodiments of the present application do not make specific limitations here.

[0172] In some embodiments, the first value is determined according to the energy storage information and / or the energy collection information of the first device; the first value is determined from a first value range; and the first value range is a value range corresponding to the energy storage information and / or the energy collection information of the first device.

[0173] In an example, the first device directly determines the first value according to the value of one or more of the energy storage information and / or the energy collection information of the first device. For example, the first value is the remainder of the energy storage percentage of the first device divided by a target 16 hexadecimal number, or the first value is the remainder of the power of the energy collected by the first device divided by a target 16 hexadecimal number, or the first value is the remainder of the sum of the energy storage time and the energy collection time of the first device divided by a target 16 hexadecimal number. Embodiments of the present application do not make specific limitations here.

[0174] In another example, the first device can pre-divide the value range of the energy storage information and / or the energy collection information into multiple groups, and each group of value ranges corresponds to a group of values. Based on this, the first device can first determine the value range in which the value of the energy storage information and / or the energy collection information is located, and then determine the first value from the group of values corresponding to the value range.

[0175] In some embodiments, in the case where the energy storage capability and / or the energy collection capability of the first device is less than a first threshold value, the first value is less than the second value, or the first value is greater than the third value; wherein the energy storage capability and / or the energy collection capability of the first device is determined according to the energy storage information and / or the energy collection information of the first device.

[0176] In an example, if it is determined according to the energy storage information and / or the energy collection information of the first device that the energy storage capability and / or the energy collection capability of the first device is low, then the first value of the first device is low.

[0177] It should be understood that if the energy storage capability and / or the energy collection capability of the first device is low, in order to ensure that the first device can complete communication, the first device needs to send the first signal on a closer first time slot (first resource), and the corresponding first value is low.

[0178] Another example, if the energy storage capability and / or the energy harvesting capability of the first device is low, the first value of the first device is high.

[0179] It should be understood that if the energy storage capability and / or the energy harvesting capability of the first device is low, the first device can send the first signal on a far first time slot (first resource), and at this time, the first device can standby for energy storage in the time period between the current time and the first time slot, to ensure sustainable communication of the first device.

[0180] Referring to FIG. 14, after the first device receives the inquiry signaling sent by the second device on the physical reader to device channel (PRDCH) (the second time slot), the first value is determined according to the energy storage information and / or the energy harvesting information, and then the first signal is sent on the first time slot corresponding to the first value.

[0181] It should be understood that the present application can distinguish the first resources used by different first devices to report the first signal based on the energy storage capability and / or the energy harvesting capability, and at the same time, try to ensure that the energy-limited first device gets the opportunity of transmission.

[0182] In some embodiments, the first device determines a target access mode of accessing the second device based on the energy storage information and / or the energy harvesting information; the first signal is related to the target access mode.

[0183] In some embodiments, the target access mode includes a four-step access mode and a two-step access mode, and the first device can determine to use the four-step access mode to access the second device or use the two-step access mode to access the second device based on the energy storage information and / or the energy harvesting information.

[0184] An example, if the energy storage capability and / or the energy harvesting capability of the first device is low, the first device can use the two-step access mode with simpler steps to access the second device to complete the communication, and if the energy storage capability and / or the energy harvesting capability of the first device is high, the first device can use the four-step access mode with more complex steps to access the second device to complete the communication; the specific selection mode of the target access mode can be determined according to actual conditions, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0185] In some embodiments, the target access mode is the two-step access mode when the energy storage information and / or the energy harvesting information satisfies the first rule, and the target access mode is the four-step access mode when the energy storage information and / or the energy harvesting information does not satisfy the first rule.

[0186] In some embodiments, the first rule comprises one or more of: the percentage of stored energy of the first device is less than a percentage of stored energy threshold; the stored energy duration of the first device storing energy since the first time is less than a stored energy duration threshold; the stored energy energy of the first device storing energy since the first time is less than a stored energy energy threshold; the first duration of the first device reflecting / transmitting signals in the first period is less than a first duration threshold; the energy consumption energy of the first device reflecting / transmitting signals in the first period is less than an energy consumption energy threshold; the power of the first device harvesting energy is less than a power threshold; the signal-to-noise ratio of the first device harvesting energy is less than a signal-to-noise ratio threshold; the energy harvesting duration of the first device harvesting energy since the first time is less than a second duration threshold; the second duration of the first device reflecting / transmitting signals in the first period is less than a third duration threshold.

[0187] An example, if the percentage of stored energy of the first device is less than the percentage of stored energy threshold, it means that the current energy storage capability of the first device is poor, and the communication needs to be completed as soon as possible, therefore, the first device needs to adopt the two-step access mode with simpler steps to access the first device to complete the communication; on the contrary, if the percentage of stored energy of the first device is not less than the percentage of stored energy threshold, it means that the current energy storage capability of the first device is good, at this time, the first device can adopt the four-step access mode with more complex steps to access the second device to complete the communication.

[0188] Another example, if the stored energy duration of the first device is less than the stored energy duration threshold, it means that the current energy storage capability of the first device is poor, and the communication needs to be completed as soon as possible, therefore, the first device needs to adopt the two-step access mode with simpler steps to access the first device to complete the communication; on the contrary, if the stored energy duration of the first device is not less than the stored energy duration threshold, it means that the current energy storage capability of the first device is good, at this time, the first device can adopt the four-step access mode with more complex steps to access the second device to complete the communication.

[0189] Still another example, if the stored energy energy of the first device is less than the stored energy energy threshold, it means that the current energy storage capability of the first device is poor, and the communication needs to be completed as soon as possible, therefore, the first device needs to adopt the two-step access mode with simpler steps to access the first device to complete the communication; on the contrary, if the stored energy energy of the first device is not less than the stored energy energy threshold, it means that the current energy storage capability of the first device is good, at this time, the first device can adopt the four-step access mode with more complex steps to access the second device to complete the communication.

[0190] Yet another example, if the first duration of the first device is less than the first duration threshold, it indicates that the current energy storage capability of the first device is poor, and the first device needs to complete the communication as soon as possible, therefore, the first device needs to use the two-step access mode with simpler steps to access the first device to complete the communication; on the contrary, if the first duration of the first device is not less than the first duration threshold, it indicates that the current energy storage capability of the first device is good, and at this time, the first device can use the four-step access mode with more complex steps to access the second device to complete the communication.

[0191] Still another example, if the power of the energy collected by the first device is less than the power threshold, it indicates that the current energy collection capability of the first device is poor, and the first device needs to complete the communication as soon as possible, therefore, the first device needs to use the two-step access mode with simpler steps to access the first device to complete the communication; on the contrary, if the power of the energy collected by the first device is not less than the power threshold, it indicates that the current energy collection capability of the first device is good, and at this time, the first device can use the four-step access mode with more complex steps to access the second device to complete the communication.

[0192] In some embodiments, the target access mode is the four-step access mode, and the first signal includes one or more of the following: the first information; the first information is used to indicate that the first device accesses the second device through the four-step access mode; the first value.

[0193] In some embodiments, if the first device determines to use the four-step access mode to access the second device based on the energy storage information and / or the energy collection information, the first signal sent by the first device to the second device can include the first information and / or the first value.

[0194] An example, referring to FIG. 15, the first signal can include the first information (that is, the header information Header) and the first value (for example, RN16).

[0195] In some embodiments, the first device sends a second signal to the second device, and the second signal includes one or more of the following: all or part of the electronic product code information of the first device; all or part of the protocol control information of the first device.

[0196] An example, referring to FIG. 16, the specific steps of the four-step access mode are given, including the following steps S1600 to S1603:

[0197] Step S1600, the second device sends trigger signaling or inquiry signaling.

[0198] Step S1601, the first device sends a first signal to the second device.

[0199] Specifically, in response to the trigger signaling or the query signaling, the first device sends a first signal to the second device, and the first signal can include the first information and / or the first value.

[0200] At step S1602, the second device sends confirmation information to the first device.

[0201] Specifically, if the second device receives the first signal sent by the first device, the second device sends confirmation information, for example, ACK, to the first device, and the ACK is associated with the first value in the first signal.

[0202] At step S1603, the first device sends a second signal to the second device.

[0203] Specifically, the first device sends the second signal to the second device, and the second signal includes device identification information, which can be, for example, all or part of the protocol control (PC) information of the first device and / or all or part of the electronic product code (EPC) information of the first device. The PC information is an identification segment that determines the length of the EPC, and the EPC information is the electronic product code information that the second device needs to obtain in this communication.

[0204] Another example, referring to FIG. 17, the second signal can include the first information (i.e., the header information Header) and the EPC information.

[0205] In some embodiments, the target access mode is a two-step access mode, and the first signal includes one or more of the following: the second information; the second information is used to indicate that the first device accesses the second device through the two-step access mode; the first value; all or part of the electronic product code information of the first device; and all or part of the protocol control information of the first device.

[0206] In some embodiments, if the first device determines to use the two-step access mode to access the second device based on the energy storage information and / or the energy harvesting information, the first signal sent by the first device to the second device can include one or more of the following: the second information; the first value; all or part of the EPC information of the first device; and all or part of the PC information of the first device.

[0207] An example, referring to FIG. 18, gives specific steps of the two-step access mode, including the following steps S1800 to S1802:

[0208] At step S1800, the second device sends trigger signaling or query signaling.

[0209] At step S1801, the first device sends a first signal to the second device.

[0210] Specifically, in response to the trigger signaling or the inquiry signaling, the first device sends a first signal to the second device, and the first signal can include one or more of the second information, the first value, all or part of the EPC information of the first device, and all or part of the PC information of the first device.

[0211] At step S1802, the second device sends confirmation information to the first device.

[0212] Specifically, this step is optional, and the second device can choose to send or not to send the confirmation information to the first device.

[0213] In another example, referring to FIG. 19, the first signal can include the second information (i.e., the header information Header), the first value (e.g., RN16), the EPC information, and the PC information.

[0214] In yet another example, referring to FIG. 20, the first signal can include only the second information (i.e., the header information Header) and the EPC information.

[0215] In some embodiments, the first signal is sent to the second device on a second resource in a case where the feedback information of the second device for the first signal is not received within a third time length, and / or the repeated inquiry signaling is not received; the second resource is determined based on updated energy storage information and / or updated energy harvesting information.

[0216] In some embodiments, after the first device sends the first signal to the second device, it needs to determine whether a random access contention conflict occurs, and the specific determination process can be: if the first device does not receive the feedback information (e.g., ACK) of the second device for the first signal within a third time length, or the repeated inquiry signaling, it indicates that a contention occurs in this access, and the second device fails to accurately receive the first signal of the first device, at this time, the first device needs to resend the first signal.

[0217] In some embodiments, when the first device determines the first resource, it is determined based on the energy storage information and / or the energy harvesting information corresponding to the current time, but after the first device sends the first signal for a third time length, the current energy storage information and / or the energy harvesting information of the first device can change, therefore, when the first device sends the first signal again, it needs to determine the second resource based on the updated energy storage information and / or the updated energy harvesting information, and then resend the first signal on the second resource.

[0218] In some embodiments, the second resource is determined based on a fourth value, the fourth value is related to the updated energy storage information and / or the updated energy harvesting information; and the fourth value is less than the first value.

[0219] In some implementations, the first device may back off if it determines that a random access contention conflict has occurred during the current access, reduce the first value according to the updated energy storage information and / or the updated energy harvesting information to obtain a fourth value, and then determine the second resource based on the fourth value, and retransmit the first signal on the second resource.

[0220] In summary, according to the signal transmission method of the embodiments of this application, the first device can determine the first resource for communication with the second device (reader) based on its own energy storage information and / or energy harvesting information, thereby ensuring that the energy-limited first device can obtain the opportunity for communication transmission as much as possible.

[0221] The signal transmission method of the present invention has been described in detail above from the perspective of the first device with reference to FIG12. As shown in FIG21, in another embodiment of the present invention, the first device may also perform the following steps.

[0222] Figure 21 illustrates a signal transmission method provided in an embodiment of this application, which may include:

[0223] S2100, The first device sends a first signal; the first signal is related to the target access method, which is determined based on the energy storage information and / or energy acquisition information of the first device.

[0224] In this embodiment, the first device sends a first signal; the first signal is related to the target access method, which is determined based on the energy storage information and / or energy harvesting information of the first device.

[0225] In some implementations, the target access method includes a four-step access method and a two-step access method. The first device can determine whether to use the four-step access method or the two-step access method to access the second device based on energy storage information and / or energy harvesting information.

[0226] For example, if the first device has low energy storage capacity and / or energy harvesting capacity, the first device can use a simpler two-step access method to connect to the second device and complete the communication. If the first device has high energy storage capacity and / or energy harvesting capacity, the first device can use a more complex four-step access method to connect to the second device and complete the communication. The specific target access method can be determined according to the actual situation, and this application embodiment does not make specific limitations here.

[0227] In some embodiments, if the energy storage information and / or energy harvesting information meet the first rule, the target access method is a two-step access method; if the energy storage information and / or energy harvesting information do not meet the first rule, the target access method is a four-step access method.

[0228] In some embodiments, the first rule comprises one or more of the following: the percentage of stored energy of the first device is less than a percentage of stored energy threshold; a stored energy duration that the first device stores energy from the first time is less than a stored energy duration threshold; a stored energy energy that the first device stores energy from the first time is less than a stored energy energy threshold; a first duration that the first device reflects / transmits signals in the first period is less than a first duration threshold; a spent energy energy that the first device reflects / transmits signals in the first period is less than a spent energy energy threshold; a power that the first device collects energy is less than a power threshold; a signal-to-noise ratio that the first device collects energy is less than a signal-to-noise ratio threshold; an energy collection duration that the first device collects energy from the first time is less than a second duration threshold; a second duration that the first device reflects / transmits signals in the first period is less than a third duration threshold.

[0229] In some embodiments, the target access mode is a four-step access mode, and the first signal comprises one or more of the following: the first information; the first information is used to indicate that the first device accesses the second device through the four-step access mode; the first value.

[0230] In some embodiments, if the first device determines to access the second device using the four-step access mode based on the stored energy information and / or the energy collection information, the first signal sent by the first device to the second device can comprise the first information and / or the first value.

[0231] In some embodiments, the first device sends a second signal to the second device, and the second signal comprises one or more of the following: all or part of the electronic product code information of the first device; all or part of the protocol control information of the first device.

[0232] In some embodiments, the target access mode is a two-step access mode, and the first signal comprises one or more of the following: the second information; the second information is used to indicate that the first device accesses the second device through the two-step access mode; the first value; all or part of the electronic product code information of the first device; all or part of the protocol control information of the first device.

[0233] In some embodiments, if the first device determines to access the second device using the two-step access mode based on the stored energy information and / or the energy collection information, the first signal sent by the first device to the second device can comprise one or more of the following: the second information, the first value, all or part of the EPC information of the first device, and all or part of the PC information of the first device.

[0234] In some embodiments, the first signal is sent to the second device on the second resource in the case that the feedback information of the second device for the first signal and / or the repeated inquiry signaling is not received within the third duration; the second resource is determined based on the updated stored energy information and / or the updated energy collection information.

[0235] In some embodiments, after the first device sends the first signal to the second device, the first device needs to determine whether a random access competition conflict is generated. The specific determination process can be: if the first device does not receive feedback information such as ACK or repeated inquiry signaling from the second device for the first signal within a third time length, it indicates that a competition is generated in this access, and the second device fails to accurately receive the first signal of the first device. At this time, the first device needs to resend the first signal.

[0236] In some embodiments, when the first device determines the first resource, it is determined based on the current energy storage information and / or energy harvesting information corresponding to the current time. However, after the first device sends the first signal for a third time length, the current energy storage information and / or energy harvesting information of the first device can change. Therefore, when the first device resends the first signal again, it needs to determine the second resource based on the updated energy storage information and / or updated energy harvesting information, and then resend the first signal on the second resource.

[0237] In some embodiments, the second resource is determined based on a fourth value, the fourth value is related to the updated energy storage information and / or updated energy harvesting information; and the fourth value is less than the first value.

[0238] In some embodiments, the first device can back off in the case of determining that a random access competition conflict is generated in this access. The first value is reduced according to the updated energy storage information and / or updated energy harvesting information to obtain a fourth value, so as to determine the second resource based on the fourth value and resend the first signal on the second resource.

[0239] In summary, according to the signal transmission method of the embodiments of the present application, the first device can determine the first resource for communication with the second device (reader) based on its own energy storage information and / or energy harvesting information. Therefore, the energy-limited first device can be ensured to have the opportunity of communication transmission.

[0240] The signal transmission method of the embodiments of the present application is described in detail from the perspective of the first device in combination with FIG. 12 and FIG. 21. The signal transmission method of the embodiments of the present application is described in detail from the perspective of the second device in combination with FIG. 22. It should be understood that the steps performed by the second device correspond to the steps performed by the first device. For brevity, the repeated description is appropriately omitted in the following.

[0241] FIG. 22 shows a signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application. The method can include:

[0242] S2200, the second device receives the first signal sent by the first device on the first resource; the first resource is related to the energy storage information and / or energy harvesting information of the first device.

[0243] In the embodiment, the second device receives the first signal sent by the first device on the first resource; the first resource is related to the energy storage information and / or the energy collection information of the first device.

[0244] Optionally, the second device can be a node in communication with the first device, for example, the second device can be an AP in a WiFi system or a base station in a cellular system, and can also be an Internet of Things node, a sensor and the like in an A-IoT, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0245] It should be noted that when the first device is an A-IoT terminal, the second device can include an ambient energy energizer (AMP Energizer).

[0246] In some embodiments, the first resource is any one of the following: a first time domain resource; a first frequency domain resource; a first frequency domain resource on the first time domain resource.

[0247] In some embodiments, the energy storage information includes one or more of the following: an energy storage percentage of the first device; an energy storage duration of the first device storing energy from a first time; an energy storage energy of the first device storing energy from the first time; a first duration of the first device reflecting / transmitting a signal in a first period; an energy consumption energy of the first device reflecting / transmiting a signal in the first period; wherein the first time is a wake-up time of the first device, and the first period is a historical period in which the first device works.

[0248] In some embodiments, the energy collection information includes one or more of the following: a power of the first device collecting energy; a signal-to-noise ratio of the first device collecting energy; an energy collection duration of the first device collecting energy from a first time; a second duration of the first device reflecting / transmitting a signal in a first period.

[0249] In some embodiments, the first resource is determined based on a first value, and the first value is related to the energy storage information and / or the energy collection information of the first device.

[0250] In some embodiments, the first value is determined according to the energy storage information and / or the energy collection information of the first device; the first value is determined from a first value range; and the first value range is a value range corresponding to the energy storage information and / or the energy collection information of the first device.

[0251] In some embodiments, in a case where the energy storage capability and / or the energy collection capability of the first device is less than a first threshold value, the first value is less than a second value or the first value is greater than a third value; wherein the energy storage capability and / or the energy collection capability of the first device is determined according to the energy storage information and / or the energy collection information of the first device.

[0252] In some embodiments, the first signal is related to a target access manner of the first device accessing the second device, and the target access manner is determined based on the energy storage information and / or the energy harvesting information of the first device.

[0253] In some embodiments, the target access manner is a four-step access manner, and the first signal comprises one or more of the following: the first information; the first information is used to indicate that the first device accesses the second device through the four-step access manner; and the first value.

[0254] In some embodiments, the second device receives a second signal sent by the first device, and the second signal comprises one or more of the following: all or part of the electronic product code information of the first device; and all or part of the protocol control information of the first device.

[0255] In some embodiments, the target access manner is a two-step access manner, and the first signal comprises one or more of the following: the second information; the second information is used to indicate that the first device accesses the second device through the two-step access manner; the first value; all or part of the electronic product code information of the first device; and all or part of the protocol control information of the first device.

[0256] In some embodiments, the target access manner is a two-step access manner when the energy storage information and / or the energy harvesting information satisfies a first rule; and the target access manner is a four-step access manner when the energy storage information and / or the energy harvesting information does not satisfy the first rule.

[0257] In some embodiments, the first rule comprises one or more of the following: the energy storage percentage of the first device is less than an energy storage percentage threshold; the energy storage duration of the first device storing energy from a first time is less than an energy storage duration threshold; the energy storage energy of the first device storing energy from the first time is less than an energy storage energy threshold; the first duration of the first device reflecting / transmitting signals in a first period is less than a first duration threshold; the energy consumption energy of the first device reflecting / transmitting signals in the first period is less than an energy consumption energy threshold; the power of the first device harvesting energy is less than a power threshold; the signal-to-noise ratio of the first device harvesting energy is less than a signal-to-noise ratio threshold; the energy harvesting duration of the first device harvesting energy from the first time is less than a second duration threshold; and the second duration of the first device reflecting / transmitting signals in the first period is less than a third duration threshold.

[0258] In some embodiments, the second device receives the first signal sent by the first device on a second resource; the first device re-sends the first signal to the second device on the second resource in a case that the first device does not receive feedback information of the second device for the first signal and / or repeated inquiry signaling within a third duration; and the second resource is determined based on updated energy storage information and / or updated energy harvesting information.

[0259] In some embodiments, the second resource is determined based on a fourth value, the fourth value being related to the updated energy storage information and / or the updated energy harvesting information; and the fourth value is smaller than the first value.

[0260] In summary, according to the signal transmission method of the embodiments of the present application, the first device can determine the first resource for communication with the second device (reader) based on its own energy storage information and / or energy harvesting information, thereby ensuring that the energy-limited first device can obtain the opportunity for communication transmission.

[0261] The above describes the signal transmission method provided by the embodiments of the present application. In order to facilitate the understanding of the embodiments of the present application, the possible implementation schemes of the random access method suitable for the embodiments of the present application are described below based on the interaction process between the access device (second device) and the first device.

[0262] Based on this, in the communication process between the first device and the access device, the following three steps can be used as the basic process:

[0263] Step 1: The access device sends trigger signaling or inquiry signaling.

[0264] Step 2: The first device sends a first signal to the access device in response to the trigger signaling or inquiry signaling, and the first signal can include a first value, for example, the first value is RN16, which determines the first resource, for example, the first time slot, for the first device to send the first signal.

[0265] Step 3: If the access device receives the first signal sent by the first device, the access device sends further inquiry information or confirmation information, for example, ACK, to the first device, and the inquiry information or confirmation information needs to be associated with the first value in the first signal.

[0266] Through the above process, the access device can obtain the device identification information corresponding to the first device, for example, the EPC information of the first device.

[0267] Further, the first value can be related to the energy storage information and / or the energy harvesting information of the first device.

[0268] I. The first value is related to the energy storage information of the first device, and the energy storage information of the first device includes one of the following:

[0269] 1. The first device obtains the energy storage percentage of the first device through measurement or other methods.

[0270] 2. The cumulative time (energy storage duration) of the energy storage of the first device after being woken up, for example, 0.1s, 1s, or 10s, etc.

[0271] 3. The cumulative time (first duration) of the first device reflecting / transmitting signals in the last cycle (first cycle).

[0272] 4. The cumulative energy (energy storage energy) of the first device storing energy after being woken up, such as 0.1 Joule, 0.01 Joule, 0.001 Joule, or 0.0001 Joule, etc.

[0273] 5. The cumulative energy consumption (energy consumption energy) of the first device reflecting / transmitting signals in the last cycle (first cycle).

[0274] II. The first value is related to the energy harvesting information of the first device, and the energy harvesting information of the first device includes one of the following:

[0275] 1. The power of the first device harvesting energy obtained by the first device through measurement, such as -20 dBm, -40 dBm, -60 dBm, or -80 dBm, etc.

[0276] 2. The signal-to-noise ratio of the first device harvesting energy obtained by the first device through measurement.

[0277] 3. The cumulative time (energy harvesting duration) of the first device harvesting energy after being woken up, such as 0.1 s, 1 s, or 10 s, etc.

[0278] 4. The cumulative time (second duration) of the first device reflecting / transmitting signals in the last cycle (first cycle).

[0279] III. The way the first device determines the first value based on the energy storage information and / or the energy harvesting information includes one of the following:

[0280] 1. The first device directly determines the first value based on the value of the energy storage information and / or the energy harvesting information, such as directly taking the value of the energy storage information and / or the energy harvesting information as the target 16-bit number modulo to obtain the first value.

[0281] 2. The value range of the energy storage information and / or the energy harvesting information is divided into M groups in advance, and each group of value ranges corresponds to a group of values, and the first device determines the first value in the corresponding group of values:

[0282] (1) The lower the value of the energy storage information and / or the energy harvesting information, the lower the first value.

[0283] (2) The lower the value of the energy storage information and / or the energy harvesting information, the higher the first value.

[0284] Further, the access mode of the first device can be related to the energy storage information and / or the energy harvesting information of the first device.

[0285] Specifically, the first device determines to select different access manners, such as a four-step access manner or a two-step access manner, by comparing the relationship between the value in the energy storage information and / or the energy harvesting information and one or more threshold values.

[0286] 1. The first device selects the two-step access manner according to that the value in the energy storage information and / or the energy harvesting information is lower than a threshold value.

[0287] Optionally, after the first device selects the two-step access manner, the first device can include all or part of the EPC information and / or all or part of the PC information of the first device in the first signal.

[0288] 2. The first device selects the four-step access manner according to that the value in the energy storage information and / or the energy harvesting information is higher than a threshold value.

[0289] Optionally, after the first device sends the first signal to the access device, the first device sends a second signal to the access device, and the second signal can include all or part of the EPC information and / or all or part of the PC information of the first device.

[0290] Further, the retransmission conflict resolution manner of the first device can be related to the energy storage information and / or the energy harvesting information of the first device.

[0291] Specifically, after the first device sends the first signal to the access device, when detecting a random access contention conflict, the first device can retransmit the first signal based on the energy storage information and / or the energy harvesting information of the first device.

[0292] 1. The judgment manner of detecting a contention conflict is as follows:

[0293] If no identification information associated with the first value in the first signal is received within a specified time (a third time length), that is, no ACK or further repeated inquiry instruction is received, it is determined that there is a random access contention conflict.

[0294] 2. The first device generates a backoff based on the detected contention conflict, resets the first value according to the current energy storage information and / or energy harvesting information, that is, the value of the first value to be reduced depends on the current energy storage information and / or energy harvesting information.

[0295] It should be noted that in addition to the above-mentioned time division multiple access (TDMA) manner to multiplex different feedback opportunities, the enhanced environmental energy communication system can also consider introducing an FDMA manner. Multiple devices can send the first signal to the access device at the same time by using different frequency domain resources, and the first device can also determine its corresponding frequency domain resource based on the energy storage information and / or the energy harvesting information.

[0296] The preferred embodiments of the present application are described in detail above with reference to the drawings, but the present application is not limited to the specific details of the above-described embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present application, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present application, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present application. For example, in the above-described specific embodiments, various specific technical features described in the embodiments can be combined in any appropriate manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combination manners are not described again in the present application. For another example, various different embodiments of the present application can also be combined in any manner, as long as it does not deviate from the idea of the present application, and it should also be considered as disclosed in the present application. For another example, under the premise of no conflict, each embodiment described in the present application and / or technical features in each embodiment can be combined with any prior art, and the technical solutions obtained after combination should also fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0297] It should also be understood that, in various method embodiments of the present application, the magnitude of the sequence number of the above-described processes does not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of the processes should be determined according to its function and inherent logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application. In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, the terms "downlink", "uplink" and "sidelink" are used to represent the transmission direction of signals or data, wherein "downlink" is used to represent the first direction of the transmission direction of signals or data from the station to the user equipment of the cell, "uplink" is used to represent the second direction of the transmission direction of signals or data from the user equipment of the cell to the station, and "sidelink" is used to represent the third direction of the transmission direction of signals or data from the user equipment 1 to the user equipment 2. For example, "downlink signal" represents that the transmission direction of the signal is the first direction. In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, the term "and / or" is only used to describe the association relationship of the associated objects, and means that there can be three relationships. Specifically, A and / or B can represent three cases of A alone, A and B together, and B alone. In addition, the character " / " in this paper generally represents that the front and rear associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0298] FIG. 23 is a structural component schematic diagram of a signal transmission apparatus 2300 provided by an embodiment of the present application, which is applied to a first device. As shown in FIG. 23, the signal transmission apparatus 2300 comprises:

[0299] A first sending unit 2301 configured to send a first signal to a second device on a first resource; the first resource is related to energy storage information and / or energy collection information of the first device.

[0300] In some embodiments, the first resource is any one of: a first time domain resource; a first frequency domain resource; a first frequency domain resource on the first time domain resource.

[0301] In some embodiments, the energy storage information comprises one or more of: an energy storage percentage of the first device; an energy storage duration of the first device storing energy since a first time; an energy storage energy of the first device storing energy since the first time; a first duration of the first device reflecting / transmitting a signal in a first period; an energy consumption energy of the first device reflecting / transmitting a signal in the first period; wherein the first time is a wake-up time of the first device, and the first period is a historical period in which the first device operates.

[0302] In some embodiments, the energy collection information comprises one or more of: a power of the first device collecting energy; a signal-to-noise ratio of the first device collecting energy; an energy collection duration of the first device collecting energy since a first time; a second duration of the first device reflecting / transmitting a signal in a first period.

[0303] In some embodiments, the first resource is determined based on a first value, and the first value is related to the energy storage information and / or the energy collection information of the first device.

[0304] In some embodiments, the first value is determined according to the energy storage information and / or the energy collection information of the first device; the first value is determined from a first value range; and the first value range is a value range corresponding to the energy storage information and / or the energy collection information of the first device.

[0305] In some embodiments, in a case where the energy storage capability and / or the energy collection capability of the first device is less than a first threshold value, the first value is less than a second value or the first value is greater than a third value; wherein the energy storage capability and / or the energy collection capability of the first device is determined according to the energy storage information and / or the energy collection information of the first device.

[0306] In some embodiments, the signal transmission apparatus 2300 further comprises:

[0307] a determination unit configured to determine a target access mode of accessing the second device based on the energy storage information and / or the energy collection information; and the first signal is related to the target access mode.

[0308] In some embodiments, the target access mode is a four-step access mode, and the first signal comprises one or more of: first information; the first information is used to indicate that the first device accesses the second device through the four-step access mode; and the first value.

[0309] In some embodiments, the first sending unit 2301 is further configured to send a second signal to the second device, the second signal comprising one or more of: all or part of the electronic product code information of the first device; all or part of the protocol control information of the first device.

[0310] In some embodiments, the target access mode is a two-step access mode, and the first signal comprises one or more of: the second information; the second information being used to indicate that the first device accesses the second device through the two-step access mode; the first numerical value; all or part of the electronic product code information of the first device; all or part of the protocol control information of the first device.

[0311] In some embodiments, in a case where the energy storage information and / or the energy harvesting information satisfies a first rule, the target access mode is a two-step access mode; in a case where the energy storage information and / or the energy harvesting information does not satisfy the first rule, the target access mode is a four-step access mode.

[0312] In some embodiments, the first rule comprises one or more of: a percentage of energy storage of the first device being less than a percentage of energy storage threshold; a duration of energy storage of the first device since a first time being less than a duration of energy storage threshold; an energy storage energy of the first device since the first time being less than an energy storage energy threshold; a first duration of reflecting / transmitting signals of the first device in a first period being less than a first duration threshold; an energy consumption energy of reflecting / transmitting signals of the first device in the first period being less than an energy consumption energy threshold; a power of energy harvesting of the first device being less than a power threshold; a signal-to-noise ratio of energy harvesting of the first device being less than a signal-to-noise ratio threshold; an energy harvesting duration of the first device since the first time being less than a second duration threshold; a second duration of reflecting / transmitting signals of the first device in the first period being less than a third duration threshold.

[0313] In some embodiments, the first sending unit 2301 is further configured to, in a case where the second device does not receive feedback information of the first signal and / or repeatedly interrogate signaling within a third duration, send the first signal to the second device on a second resource; the second resource being determined based on updated energy storage information and / or updated energy harvesting information.

[0314] In some embodiments, the second resource is determined based on a fourth numerical value, the fourth numerical value being related to the updated energy storage information and / or the updated energy harvesting information; the fourth numerical value being less than the first numerical value.

[0315] FIG. 24 is a structural component diagram of a signal transmission apparatus 2400 according to an embodiment of the present application, which is applied to a first device. As shown in FIG. 24, the signal transmission apparatus 2400 comprises:

[0316] a second sending unit 2401 configured to send a first signal, wherein the first signal is related to a target access mode, and the target access mode is determined based on energy storage information and / or energy harvesting information of the first device.

[0317] In some embodiments, the target access mode is a four-step access mode, and the first signal comprises one or more of the following: first information, wherein the first information is used to indicate that the first device accesses the second device through the four-step access mode; and the first value.

[0318] In some embodiments, the second sending unit 2401 is further configured to send a second signal to the second device, wherein the second signal comprises one or more of the following: all or part of electronic product code information of the first device; and all or part of protocol control information of the first device.

[0319] In some embodiments, the target access mode is a two-step access mode, and the first signal comprises one or more of the following: second information, wherein the second information is used to indicate that the first device accesses the second device through the two-step access mode; the first value; all or part of electronic product code information of the first device; and all or part of protocol control information of the first device.

[0320] In some embodiments, when the energy storage information and / or the energy harvesting information satisfies a first rule, the target access mode is the two-step access mode; and when the energy storage information and / or the energy harvesting information does not satisfy the first rule, the target access mode is the four-step access mode.

[0321] In some embodiments, the first rule comprises one or more of the following: a storage energy percentage of the first device is less than a storage energy percentage threshold; a storage energy duration of the first device from a first time point is less than a storage energy duration threshold; a storage energy of the first device from the first time point is less than a storage energy threshold; a first duration of the first device for reflecting / transmitting a signal in a first period is less than a first duration threshold; an energy consumption of the first device for reflecting / transmitting a signal in the first period is less than an energy consumption threshold; a power of the first device for harvesting energy is less than a power threshold; a signal-to-noise ratio of the first device for harvesting energy is less than a signal-to-noise ratio threshold; an energy harvesting duration of the first device from the first time point is less than a second duration threshold; and a second duration of the first device for reflecting / transmitting a signal in the first period is less than a third duration threshold.

[0322] In some embodiments, the second sending unit 2401 is further configured to send the first signal to the second device on a second resource in a case that the second device does not receive the feedback information of the first signal and / or repeatedly inquires the signaling within a third time length; the second resource is determined based on the updated energy storage information and / or the updated energy collection information.

[0323] In some embodiments, the second resource is determined based on a fourth value, the fourth value being related to the updated energy storage information and / or the updated energy collection information; the fourth value is less than the first value.

[0324] FIG. 25 is a structural component diagram of a signal transmission apparatus 2500 provided by an embodiment of the present application, which is applied to a second device. As shown in FIG. 25, the signal transmission apparatus 2500 comprises:

[0325] A receiving unit 2501 configured to receive a first signal sent by a first device on a first resource; the first resource being related to energy storage information and / or energy collection information of the first device.

[0326] In some embodiments, the first resource is any one of the following: a first time domain resource; a first frequency domain resource; a first frequency domain resource on a first time domain resource.

[0327] In some embodiments, the energy storage information comprises one or more of the following: an energy storage percentage of the first device; an energy storage time length of the first device starting from a first time; an energy storage energy of the first device starting from the first time; a first time length of the first device reflecting / sending a signal in a first period; an energy consumption energy of the first device reflecting / sending a signal in the first period; wherein the first time is a wake-up time of the first device, and the first period is a historical period in which the first device works.

[0328] In some embodiments, the energy collection information comprises one or more of the following: a power of the first device collecting energy; a signal-to-noise ratio of the first device collecting energy; an energy collection time length of the first device starting from a first time; a second time length of the first device reflecting / sending a signal in a first period.

[0329] In some embodiments, the first resource is determined based on a first value, the first value being related to the energy storage information and / or the energy collection information of the first device.

[0330] In some embodiments, one or more of the following are included: the first value is determined according to energy storage information and / or energy harvesting information of the first device; the first value is determined from a first value range; the first value range is a value range corresponding to the energy storage information and / or the energy harvesting information of the first device.

[0331] In some embodiments, in a case where the energy storage capability and / or the energy harvesting capability of the first device is less than a first threshold value, the first value is less than a second value or the first value is greater than a third value; wherein the energy storage capability and / or the energy harvesting capability of the first device is determined according to the energy storage information and / or the energy harvesting information of the first device.

[0332] In some embodiments, the first signal is related to a target access mode of the first device accessing the second device, and the target access mode is determined based on the energy storage information and / or the energy harvesting information of the first device.

[0333] In some embodiments, the target access mode is a four-step access mode, and the first signal includes one or more of the following: first information, the first information being used to indicate that the first device accesses the second device through the four-step access mode, and the first value.

[0334] In some embodiments, the receiving unit 2501 is further configured to receive a second signal sent by the first device, and the second signal includes one or more of the following: all or part of electronic product code information of the first device, and all or part of protocol control information of the first device.

[0335] In some embodiments, the target access mode is a two-step access mode, and the first signal includes one or more of the following: second information, the second information being used to indicate that the first device accesses the second device through the two-step access mode, the first value, all or part of electronic product code information of the first device, and all or part of protocol control information of the first device.

[0336] In some embodiments, in a case where the energy storage information and / or the energy harvesting information satisfies a first rule, the target access mode is a two-step access mode; in a case where the energy storage information and / or the energy harvesting information does not satisfy the first rule, the target access mode is a four-step access mode.

[0337] In some embodiments, the first rule comprises one or more of the following: a percentage of stored energy of the first device is less than a percentage of stored energy threshold; a stored energy duration of the first device storing energy since a first time is less than a stored energy duration threshold; a stored energy of the first device storing energy since the first time is less than a stored energy energy threshold; a first duration of the first device reflecting / transmitting signals in a first period is less than a first duration threshold; an energy consumption of the first device reflecting / transmitting signals in the first period is less than an energy consumption threshold; a power of the first device harvesting energy is less than a power threshold; a signal-to-noise ratio of the first device harvesting energy is less than a signal-to-noise ratio threshold; an energy harvesting duration of the first device harvesting energy since the first time is less than a second duration threshold; a second duration of the first device reflecting / transmitting signals in the first period is less than a third duration threshold.

[0338] In some embodiments, the receiving unit 2501 is further configured to receive the first signal transmitted by the first device on a second resource; retransmit the first signal to the second device on the second resource in a case where the first device does not receive feedback information of the second device for the first signal and / or repeated inquiry signaling within a third duration; and determine the second resource based on updated stored energy information and / or updated energy harvesting information.

[0339] In some embodiments, the second resource is determined based on a fourth value, the fourth value being related to the updated stored energy information and / or the updated energy harvesting information; and the fourth value is less than the first value.

[0340] FIG. 26 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The communication device can be the first device or the second device. The communication device 2600 shown in FIG. 26 includes a processor 2610, which can invoke and run a computer program from a memory to implement the method in the embodiments of the present application.

[0341] Optionally, as shown in FIG. 26, the communication device 2600 can further include a memory 2620. The processor 2610 can invoke and run a computer program from the memory 2620 to implement the method in the embodiments of the present application.

[0342] The memory 2620 can be a separate device independent of the processor 2610, or can be integrated in the processor 2610.

[0343] Optionally, as shown in FIG. 26, the communication device 2600 can further include a transceiver 2630, which can be controlled by the processor 2610 to communicate with other devices, specifically, to transmit information or data to other devices or receive information or data transmitted by other devices.

[0344] The transceiver 2630 can include a transmitter and a receiver. The transceiver 2630 can further include an antenna, and the number of the antenna can be one or more.

[0345] Optionally, the communication device 2600 can be specifically a second device of the embodiments of the present application, and the communication device 2600 can implement the corresponding procedures in the various methods of the embodiments of the present application, which are implemented by the second device. For the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated here.

[0346] Optionally, the communication device 2600 can be specifically a first device of the embodiments of the present application, and the communication device 2600 can implement the corresponding procedures in the various methods of the embodiments of the present application, which are implemented by the first device. For the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated here.

[0347] FIG. 27 is a schematic structural diagram of a chip according to the embodiments of the present application. The chip 2700 shown in FIG. 27 includes a processor 2710, which can call and run a computer program from a memory to implement the methods in the embodiments of the present application.

[0348] Optionally, as shown in FIG. 27, the chip 2700 can further include a memory 2721. The processor 2710 can call and run a computer program from the memory 2721 to implement the methods in the embodiments of the present application.

[0349] The memory 2721 can be a separate device independent of the processor 2710, or can be integrated in the processor 2710.

[0350] Optionally, the chip 2700 can further include an input interface 2730. The processor 2710 can control the input interface 2730 to communicate with other devices or chips, and specifically, can obtain information or data sent by other devices or chips.

[0351] Optionally, the chip 2700 can further include an output interface 2740. The processor 2710 can control the output interface 2740 to communicate with other devices or chips, and specifically, can output information or data to other devices or chips.

[0352] Optionally, the chip can be applied to the second device in the embodiments of the present application, and the chip can implement the corresponding procedures in the various methods of the embodiments of the present application, which are implemented by the second device. For the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated here.

[0353] Optionally, the chip can be applied to the first device in the embodiments of the present application, and the chip can implement the corresponding procedures in the various methods of the embodiments of the present application, which are implemented by the first device. For the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated here.

[0354] It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can also be referred to as a system chip, a system chip, a chip system or a system on chip, etc.

[0355] The embodiments of the present application further provide a computer storage medium, which stores one or more programs, and the one or more programs can be executed by one or more processors to implement the method in the embodiments of the present application.

[0356] FIG. 28 is a schematic block diagram of a communication system provided by the embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG. 28, the communication system 2800 includes a first device 2810 and a second device 2820.

[0357] The first device 2810 can be used to implement the corresponding functions of the first device in the above method, and the second device 2820 can be used to implement the corresponding functions of the second device in the above method. For the sake of brevity, they will not be described here.

[0358] It should be understood that the processor of the embodiments of the present application can be an integrated circuit chip with a processing capability of signals. In the implementation process, each step of the above method embodiments can be completed by integrated logic circuits or instructions in the form of software in the processor. The processor mentioned above can be a general processor, a digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), a field programmable gate array (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components. The disclosed methods, steps and logic block diagrams in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented or executed. The general processor can be a microprocessor or the processor can also be any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application can be directly embodied as a hardware coding processor for execution, or a combination of hardware and software modules in the coding processor for execution. The software module can be located in a random access memory, a flash memory, a read-only memory, a programmable read-only memory or an electrically erasable programmable memory, a register, etc. The storage medium in the art. The storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory, and combines the hardware to complete the steps of the above method.

[0359] It is to be understood that the memory in the embodiments of the present application can be a volatile memory or a nonvolatile memory, or can include both volatile and nonvolatile memory. Among them, the nonvolatile memory can be a read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), a programmable read-only memory (Programmable ROM, PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (Erasable PROM, EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (Electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or a flash memory. The volatile memory can be a random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM) used as an external cache. By way of example, but not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static random access memory (Static RAM, SRAM), dynamic random access memory (Dynamic RAM, DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (Synchronous DRAM, SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (Double Data Rate SDRAM, DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (Enhanced SDRAM, ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (Synchlink DRAM, SLDRAM) and direct memory bus random access memory (Direct Rambus RAM, DR RAM). It should be noted that the memory of the system and method described herein is intended to include, but not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0360] It should be understood that the above-mentioned memory is exemplary but not limiting, for example, the memory in the embodiments of the present application can also be static random access memory (static RAM, SRAM), dynamic random access memory (dynamic RAM, DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (synchronous DRAM, SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (double data rate SDRAM, DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (enhanced SDRAM, ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (synch link DRAM, SLDRAM) and direct memory bus random access memory (Direct Rambus RAM, DR RAM) and the like. That is, the memory in the embodiments of the present application is intended to include, but not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0361] The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium for storing the computer program.

[0362] Optionally, the computer readable storage medium can be applied to the second device in the embodiment of the present application, and the computer program makes the computer execute the corresponding process realized by the second device in the various methods of the embodiment of the present application. For the sake of brevity, details are not described herein.

[0363] Optionally, the computer readable storage medium can be applied to the first device in the embodiment of the present application, and the computer program makes the computer execute the corresponding process realized by the first device in the various methods of the embodiment of the present application. For the sake of brevity, details are not described herein.

[0364] The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product comprising computer program instructions.

[0365] Optionally, the computer program product can be applied to the second device in the embodiment of the present application, and the computer program instructions make the computer execute the corresponding process realized by the second device in the various methods of the embodiment of the present application. For the sake of brevity, details are not described herein.

[0366] Optionally, the computer program product can be applied to the first device in the embodiment of the present application, and the computer program instructions make the computer execute the corresponding process realized by the first device in the various methods of the embodiment of the present application. For the sake of brevity, details are not described herein.

[0367] The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program.

[0368] Optionally, the computer program can be applied to the second device in the embodiment of the present application, and when the computer program runs on the computer, makes the computer execute the corresponding process realized by the second device in the various methods of the embodiment of the present application. For the sake of brevity, details are not described herein.

[0369] Optionally, the computer program can be applied to the first device in the embodiment of the present application, and when the computer program runs on the computer, makes the computer execute the corresponding process realized by the first device in the various methods of the embodiment of the present application. For the sake of brevity, details are not described herein.

[0370] Those skilled in the art can realize that the units and algorithm steps of the examples described in combination with the embodiments disclosed herein can be realized in electronic hardware or in combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether the functions are realized in hardware or software mode depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solutions. The skilled person can use different methods to realize the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present application.

[0371] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described system, device and unit can refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0372] In several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, device and method can be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described device embodiments are only schematic, for example, the division of the units is only a logical function division, and actual implementation can have another division manner, for example, a plurality of units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between the units shown or discussed can be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, and can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0373] The units described as separate components can or can not be physically separate, and the components shown as units can or can not be physical units, that is, they can be located in one place, or can be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiment scheme.

[0374] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit can be physically present separately, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit.

[0375] If the functions are realized in the form of software function units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solutions of the present application or the essential part or part of the technical solutions that make contributions to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, and includes a plurality of instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a second device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application. The foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and various program code storage media.

[0376] The above merely provides the specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of the changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A signal transmission method, the method comprising: a first device sending a first signal to a second device on a first resource; the first resource being related to energy storage information of the first device, and / or energy harvesting information; 2. The method of claim 1, wherein, the first resource being any one of: a first time domain resource; a first frequency domain resource; a first frequency domain resource on a first time domain resource.

3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein, the energy storage information comprising one or more of: an energy storage percentage of the first device; an energy storage duration that the first device stores energy from a first time; an energy storage energy that the first device stores from the first time; a first duration that the first device reflects / transmits a signal in a first period; an energy consumption energy that the first device reflects / transmits a signal in the first period; wherein the first time is a wake-up time of the first device, and the first period is a historical period in which the first device operates.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, the energy harvesting information comprising one or more of: a power that the first device harvests energy; a signal-to-noise ratio that the first device harvests energy; an energy harvesting duration that the first device harvests energy from the first time; a second duration that the first device reflects / transmits a signal in the first period.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, the first resource being determined based on a first value, the first value being related to the energy storage information of the first device, and / or the energy harvesting information.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein, comprising one or more of: the first value being determined according to the energy storage information of the first device, and / or the energy harvesting information; the first value being determined from a first value range, the first value range being a value range corresponding to the energy storage information of the first device, and / or the energy harvesting information.

7. The method of claim 6, in a case where an energy storage capability of the first device, and / or an energy harvesting capability of the first device is less than a first threshold value, the first value is less than a second value, or the first value is greater than a third value; wherein, the energy storage capability of the first device, and / or the energy harvesting capability of the first device being determined according to the energy storage information of the first device, and / or the energy harvesting information.

8. The method of any one of claims 1-7, wherein, the first signal being used for accessing the second device, the method further comprising: the first device determining a target access mode for accessing the second device based on the energy storage information, and / or the energy harvesting information; the first signal being related to the target access mode.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein, the target access mode being a four-step access mode, the first signal comprising one or more of: first information, the first information being used to indicate that the first device accesses the second device through the four-step access mode; the first value.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein, the method further comprising: the first device sending a second signal to the second device, the second signal comprising one or more of: all or part of an electronic product code information of the first device; all or part of a protocol control information of the first device.

11. The method of claim 8, wherein, the target access mode being a two-step access mode, the first signal comprising one or more of: second information, the second information being used to indicate that the first device accesses the second device through the two-step access mode; the first value. all or part of the electronic product code information of the first device; all or part of the protocol control information of the first device. 12.The method of any of claims 8-11, wherein, in a case where the energy storage information and / or the energy harvesting information satisfies a first rule, the target access manner is a two-step access manner; in a case where the energy storage information and / or the energy harvesting information does not satisfy the first rule, the target access manner is a four-step access manner. 13.The method of claim 12, wherein the first rule comprises one or more of the following: a percentage of energy storage of the first device is less than a percentage of energy storage threshold; an energy storage duration of the first device storing energy since a first time is less than an energy storage duration threshold; an energy storage energy of the first device storing energy since the first time is less than an energy storage energy threshold; a first duration of the first device reflecting / transmitting signals in a first period is less than a first duration threshold; an energy consumption energy of the first device reflecting / transmitting signals in the first period is less than an energy consumption energy threshold; a power of the first device harvesting energy is less than a power threshold; a signal-to-noise ratio of the first device harvesting energy is less than a signal-to-noise ratio threshold; an energy harvesting duration of the first device harvesting energy since the first time is less than a second duration threshold; a second duration of the first device reflecting / transmitting signals in the first period is less than a third duration threshold. 14.The method of any of claims 1-13, further comprising: in a case where the feedback information of the second device for the first signal and / or the repeated inquiry signaling is not received within a third duration, transmitting the first signal to the second device on a second resource; the second resource is determined based on the updated energy storage information and / or the updated energy harvesting information. 15.The method of claim 14, wherein the second resource is determined based on a fourth value, the fourth value is related to the updated energy storage information and / or the updated energy harvesting information; the fourth value is less than the first value. 16.A signal transmission method, the method comprising: a first device transmitting a first signal; the first signal is related to a target access manner, the target access manner is determined based on energy storage information and / or energy harvesting information of the first device.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein, the target access manner is a four-step access manner, the first signal comprises one or more of the following: first information; the first information is used to indicate that the first device accesses the second device through the four-step access manner; the first value.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein, the method further comprises: the first device transmitting a second signal to the second device, the second signal comprises one or more of the following: all or part of the electronic product code information of the first device; all or part of the protocol control information of the first device.

19. The method of claim 16, wherein, the target access manner is a two-step access manner, the first signal comprises one or more of the following: second information; the second information is used to indicate that the first device accesses the second device through the two-step access manner; the first value; all or part of the electronic product code information of the first device; all or part of protocol control information of the first device.

20. The method of any of claims 16-19, wherein, in a case where the energy storage information and / or the energy harvesting information satisfies a first rule, the target access manner is a two-step access manner; in a case where the energy storage information and / or the energy harvesting information does not satisfy the first rule, the target access manner is a four-step access manner.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein the first rule comprises one or more of: a percentage of energy storage of the first device is less than a percentage of energy storage threshold; an energy storage duration of the first device storing energy since a first time is less than an energy storage duration threshold; an energy storage energy of the first device storing energy since the first time is less than an energy storage energy threshold; a first duration of the first device reflecting / transmitting signals in a first period is less than a first duration threshold; an energy consumption energy of the first device reflecting / transmitting signals in the first period is less than an energy consumption energy threshold; a power of the first device harvesting energy is less than a power threshold; a signal-to-noise ratio of the first device harvesting energy is less than a signal-to-noise ratio threshold; an energy harvesting duration of the first device harvesting energy since the first time is less than a second duration threshold; a second duration of the first device reflecting / transmitting signals in the first period is less than a third duration threshold.

22. The method of any of claims 16-21, further comprising: in a case where feedback information of the second device for the first signal and / or repeated inquiry signaling is not received within a third duration, transmitting the first signal to the second device on a second resource; the second resource is determined based on updated energy storage information and / or updated energy harvesting information.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein the second resource is determined based on a fourth value, the fourth value being related to the updated energy storage information and / or the updated energy harvesting information; the fourth value is less than the first value.

24. A signal transmission method, comprising: receiving, by a second device, a first signal transmitted by a first device on a first resource; the first resource being related to energy storage information and / or energy harvesting information of the first device.

25. A signal transmission apparatus applied to a first device, comprising: a first transmitting unit configured to transmit a first signal to a second device on a first resource; the first resource being related to energy storage information and / or energy harvesting information of the first device.

26. A signal transmission apparatus applied to a first device, comprising: a second transmitting unit configured to transmit a first signal; the first signal being related to a target access manner, the target access manner being determined based on energy storage information and / or energy harvesting information of the first device.

27. A signal transmission apparatus applied to a second device, comprising: a receiving unit configured to receive a first signal transmitted by a first device on a first resource; the first resource being related to energy storage information and / or energy harvesting information of the first device.

28. A first device, comprising: a memory configured to store computer-executable instructions; a processor connected to the memory and configured to implement a method recited in any one of claims 1-23 by executing the computer-executable instructions.

29. A second device comprising: a memory configured to store computer-executable instructions; a processor connected to the memory and configured to implement a method recited in claim 24 by executing the computer-executable instructions.

30. A chip, the chip comprising: a processor configured to call and run a computer program from a memory, so that a device installed with the chip performs a method recited in any one of claims 1-15, or, performs a method recited in any one of claims 16-23, or, performs a method recited in claim 24.

31. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, the computer program, when executed by at least one processor, implements a method recited in any one of claims 1-15, or, implements a method recited in any one of claims 16-23, or, implements a method recited in claim 24.

32. A computer program product comprising a computer storage medium storing a computer program, the computer program comprising instructions executable by at least one processor, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, implement a method recited in any one of claims 1-15, or, implement a method recited in any one of claims 16-23, or, implement a method recited in claim 24.

33. A computer program that causes a computer to perform a method recited in any one of claims 1-15, or, implement a method recited in any one of claims 16-23, or, implement a method recited in claim 24.

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