Positive-ion circular-collision nuclear fusion reactor

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of controlled nuclear fusion in nuclear energy applications. The title of the present invention is a positive-ion circular-collision nuclear fusion reactor. The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are: the nuclear fusion reaction times are short and the energy gains Q are less than 1. Our technical solution is: using an accelerator to accelerate hydrogen isotope positive ions to (0.1-3) Mev, and then inducing nuclear fusion reactions by circular collision. In the past, it was believed that the probability of inducing nuclear fusion by collision was less than 0.0001. We simultaneously employ five technical schemes to solve the problem of low probabilities of positive ion collision-induced nuclear reactions: 1. using the accelerator to accelerate the positive ions to (0.1-3) Mev; 2. using circular collision to induce nuclear fusion; 3. enabling collision in a collision area having a large cross section; 4. enabling collision in a long collision area; and 5. using a plurality of sets of electromagnetic lenses to focus ion beams to increase the ion density. In the present invention, energy generated by nuclear fusion is converted into heat energy in an energy conversion area, and then high-pressure steam is generated for power generation.

Description

Positive ion circulating colliding nuclear fusion reactor TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The technical field of the present invention is controlled nuclear fusion, belonging to the field of nuclear energy. BACKGROUND

[0002] After several hundred years of oil, coal and uranium, wind and solar power are discontinuous, and then the main energy of human beings will rely on nuclear fusion to generate. This is a problem that must be solved by human beings. Human beings have been researching for several decades, investing a lot of manpower and material resources, and testing various methods, but still have not solved the problem. The closest to success is the tokamak scheme (using high-temperature plasma), and the nuclear fusion reaction has been achieved in Europe's JET and America's TFTR. In 1997, JET achieved nuclear fusion reaction for 2 seconds, and the energy gain Q = 0.65 (output energy / input energy), but after more than 20 years of various technical upgrades, the tokamak inner wall is replaced with the best material, and the nuclear fusion reaction in 2021 only reaches 5 seconds, but the energy gain Q = 0.33 is smaller. Other schemes are also using plasma, and they are still far from industrial application. TECHNICAL PROBLEM

[0003] The main technical problem of controlled nuclear fusion is that the nuclear fusion reaction time is short and the energy gain Q is less than 1, which has no industrial applicability. People know that the higher the temperature, the easier it is to produce nuclear fusion reaction, and the temperature of JET is greater than 300 million degrees Celsius, but high-temperature plasma is difficult to constrain and easy to burn the inner wall of the tokamak. Then the elements of the inner wall material make the plasma lose stability and then extinguish. On the sun, plasma can produce nuclear fusion reaction because there is high temperature, high pressure and high density, and the plasma in the tokamak only has high temperature, which is far from enough. Another important reason is that no matter the temperature is high or low, the cross section of the electron in the plasma is much larger than that of the positive ion, and the energy obtained by the positive ion in the plasma only accounts for a small part. TECHNICAL SOLUTION

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the nuclear fusion reaction time is short and the energy gain Q is less than 1. Our technical solution is: in order to expel the interference of electrons, we do not use plasma but only use positive ions, use an accelerator to accelerate positive ions to (0.1-3) Mev, and then circulate collision to produce nuclear fusion reaction. In the past, people did not use collision to produce nuclear fusion because they believed that the probability of using collision to produce nuclear fusion was less than 0.0001. Therefore, we use five technical schemes to solve the problem of small nuclear reaction probability: 1. use an accelerator to accelerate positive ions to (0.1-3) Mev, 2. use positive ion circulating collision to produce nuclear fusion, 3. use large cross-section collision area collision, 4. use long collision area collision, 5. use electromagnetic lens to focus ion beam to improve ion density. ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS

[0005] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions of the present application are: 1. The interaction cross-section of positive ion deuterium with deuterium at 1Mev is 300 times larger than that at 300 million degrees, so using positive ion collision at about 1Mev can improve the reaction rate, 2. Using positive ion circulation collision, the collision frequency can reach 10 6 / s, 3. When using large cross-section ion beam collision, one ion that is deflected by static electricity can collide with the ion next to it, 4. Using long collision area collision, the ions in this row that do not collide can collide with the ions in the back rows, 5. Using electromagnetic lens to focus ion beam to improve ion density, which can also improve the nuclear fusion reaction rate. The simultaneous use of these five technical solutions can greatly improve the nuclear fusion reaction rate, which can increase the nuclear fusion reaction rate from less than 0.0001 to more than 0.5, so that the energy gain Q is about 5, which makes the present application have industrial applicability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0006] In Figure 1: 1 is an ion source, using a large double plasma ion source or other ion source. 2 is an accelerator, using a cyclotron or a radio frequency quadrupole accelerator (FRQ). 3 is a circulating acceleration area with a deflection magnetic field. 4 is a large collision area with a rectangular or elliptical cross-section. 5 is a conversion area (around the collision area), the cooling medium in the conversion area is water or other medium. 6 is the cooling medium inlet and outlet, connected to a steam generator. 7 is the inner wall of the collision area, made of heat-resistant material for heat exchange. 8 is the outer wall of the conversion area, made of stainless steel. 9 is an electromagnetic lens for focusing the ion beam. 10 is a vacuum unit interface, which uses a vacuum unit to maintain the vacuum degree of the entire system. 11 is the outer wall of the reactor, made of stainless steel. 12 is the positive ion beam, the arrow is the direction of ion movement. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[0007] The best mode for carrying out the present application is: first, use 2 large ion sources (double plasma ion source or other ion source) to generate hydrogen isotope ions, with a flow rate of more than 10 21 / cm 2 s . Then use 2 large accelerators (cyclotron or radio frequency quadrupole accelerator (FRQ)) to accelerate the ions to 1Mev. Then use the magnetic field to guide to the large collision area for collision to generate nuclear fusion reaction, the collision area cross-section is rectangular or elliptical, the height and width are (0.5-1)m respectively, and the collision area length is (10-15)m. The ions that do not collide are circulated and accelerated again for collision, the collision frequency is 10 5 / s, in the whole system there are (10-20) electromagnetic lenses for focusing ion beam, reducing ion beam diameter and increasing ion density. Controlling ion flow and collision frequency can control nuclear fusion reaction power, and the temperature of the inner wall of the collision area can be controlled at (500-700) degrees Celsius, so that the temperature of the cooling medium (water or other medium) in the energy conversion area is (300-350) degrees Celsius, and then high-pressure steam is generated for power generation. The whole system uses 10 vacuum units to keep the vacuum degree at (2-10 -3 ) Pa, and the reactor power can be selected at (0.1-2) Mkw. Embodiments of the present application

[0008] To achieve the five technical solutions, many devices are needed to work together, which is the positive ion circulating collision nuclear fusion reactor of the present application. The present application is opposite to the high-energy collision machine, which is to smash ions, while the present application is to aggregate ions. The high-energy collision machine uses high-energy fine ion beam, while the present application uses low-energy thick ion beam. The specific embodiment of the present application is: first, two large ion sources (double plasma ion source or other ion source) are used to generate hydrogen isotope ions, and the ion flow is (10 15 -10 32 ) / cm 2 s, and then two large accelerators (cyclotron or radio frequency quadrupole accelerator (FRQ)) are used to accelerate the ions to (0.1-3) MeV. Then the magnetic field is guided to the large collision area for collision to generate nuclear fusion reaction. The collision area is rectangular or elliptical in cross section, and the height and width are (0.1-5) m respectively, and the length of the collision area is (0.2-20) m. The ions that do not collide are circulated and accelerated again for collision. The collision frequency is (10-10 6 ) / s, and in the whole system there are (2-40) electromagnetic lenses for focusing ion beam, reducing ion beam diameter and increasing ion density. Controlling ion flow and collision frequency can control nuclear fusion reaction power, and the temperature of the inner wall of the collision area can be controlled at (500-800) degrees Celsius, so that the temperature of the cooling medium (water or other medium) in the energy conversion area is (300-400) degrees Celsius, and then high-pressure steam is generated for power generation. The whole system uses 8-12 vacuum units to keep the vacuum degree at (2-10 -5 ) Pa, and the reactor power can be designed in the range of (0.1-10) Mkw. Industrial applicability

[0009] The positive ion circulating collision nuclear fusion reactor of the present application converts the energy of nuclear fusion reaction into the heat energy of the cooling medium, and then generates high-pressure steam for power generation by using the heat energy. Free content of the sequence listing

[0010] Enter free-text description of the sequence listing here.

Claims

1. [Amended according to Rule 26 13.08.2025] A nuclear fusion reactor: positive ion circulation pair collision nuclear fusion reactor, which is a reactor that generates nuclear fusion by circulating and colliding positive ions of hydrogen isotopes, characterized in that, The system includes 2 ion sources (1) (numbered in the drawing) with ion flux of (10 15 -10 32 ) / cm 2 s, 2 accelerators (2) to accelerate the ions to (0.1-3) MeV, 2 circulating acceleration regions (3) with circulating collision frequency of (10-10 6 ) / s, 1 large collision region (4) with rectangular or elliptical cross section, height and width of (0.1-5) m, length of (0.2-20) m, inner wall temperature of (500-800) degrees Celsius, and a heat exchange region (5) around the collision region (4) with cooling medium of water or other medium, temperature controlled at (300-400) degrees Celsius, followed by a steam generator, the whole system maintained at vacuum of (2-10 -5 ) Pa, and (2-40) electromagnetic lenses (9) for focusing the ion beams.

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