Color-changing vehicle window, vehicle window preparation method, application method, and vehicle

Abstract

A color-changing vehicle window, a vehicle window preparation method, an application method, and a vehicle. At least two stretching apparatuses (4) are provided in a vehicle window, and the at least two stretching apparatuses (4) are connected to a photonic crystal film (5); when the photonic crystal film (5) is stretched by the stretching apparatuses (4), the structural color is changed; and the photonic crystal film (5) comprises a flexible substrate (6) and an array of microspheres (7) arranged on the flexible substrate (6). Therefore, by means of mechanically stretching the photonic crystal film (5), the color change for the photonic crystal film (5) can be easily and conveniently realized, thereby realizing the color change for the vehicle window at a physical level. The overall structure is simple, and the color change is easily controlled, such that the overall assembly and control difficulty of the color-changing vehicle window is reduced, and a low cost and a good durability are achieved.

Description

A color-changing vehicle window, a vehicle window preparation method, an application method, and a vehicle

[0001] The present application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 202411089990.0, filed on August 9, 2024, and entitled "A color-changing vehicle window, a vehicle window preparation method, an application method, and a vehicle", the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the technical field of vehicles, and in particular to a color-changing vehicle window, a vehicle window preparation method, a vehicle window application method, and a vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0003] In the prior art, a color-changing vehicle window can generally use electrochromic technology to adjust the transparency and color of the vehicle window to meet various needs such as improved privacy protection, energy saving, improved comfort, anti-glare, and personalization.

[0004] Specifically, electrochromic technology generally involves the redox reaction of materials, which can generally add electrochromic materials such as organic material polyaniline and inorganic material tungsten trioxide in the vehicle window. Under the external application of voltage, the electrochromic material can change in different oxidation states, showing the effect of changing in different transparency and two different colors.

[0005] However, the color-changing vehicle window using electrochromic technology generally needs to configure an electrochromic material layer in the vehicle window and use two conductive layers to sandwich the electrochromic material layer. It generally has high cost and complex processing technology, which makes it difficult to be used on a large scale. At the same time, electrochromic technology is realized through chemical reaction, and its reliability and durability are relatively poor. After multiple color-changing cycles, the performance may decrease, such as uneven color change, reduced color-changing range, or prolonged response time. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application provides a color-changing vehicle window, a vehicle window preparation method, a vehicle window application method, and a vehicle to realize color-changing of the vehicle window at a lower cost and with good durability.

[0007] The present application discloses a color-changing vehicle window, which comprises at least two stretching devices connected with a photonic crystal film. The photonic crystal film changes structural color when stretched by the stretching devices. The photonic crystal film comprises a flexible substrate and a microsphere array arranged on the flexible substrate.

[0008] Optionally, the at least two stretching devices are connected with the photonic crystal film by clamping or gluing.

[0009] Optionally, the stretching device is electrically connected with a direct current power supply, and the stretching device changes the stretching deformation amount of the photonic crystal film in response to a current change of the direct current power supply, so that the photonic crystal film changes between at least two structural colors.

[0010] Optionally, if the stretching deformation amount of the photonic crystal film changes, the gap between the microsphere array of the photonic crystal film changes, so that the photonic crystal film changes between at least two structural colors.

[0011] Optionally, the microsphere array forms a two-dimensional ordered structure of a plurality of microspheres on the surface of the flexible substrate.

[0012] Optionally, the two-dimensional ordered structure of the plurality of microspheres on the surface of the flexible substrate is a hexagonal close-packed structure.

[0013] Optionally, the microspheres are polystyrene or silica.

[0014] The application also provides a preparation method of a vehicle window, which comprises:

[0015] connecting a photonic crystal film with at least two stretching devices to obtain a stretching color-changing device; the photonic crystal film comprises a flexible substrate and a microsphere array arranged on the flexible substrate;

[0016] arranging the stretching color-changing device in a vehicle window to obtain a color-changing vehicle window; wherein the photonic crystal film changes structural color when stretched by the stretching device.

[0017] Optionally, the photonic crystal film is prepared by the following method:

[0018] placing a flexible substrate on a substrate to obtain a substrate base;

[0019] injecting deionized water into a container and placing the substrate base in the container;

[0020] injecting a microsphere suspension into a gas-liquid interface of the container; wherein the microsphere suspension comprises microspheres in a suspended state; the microspheres are arranged into a microsphere array at the gas-liquid interface;

[0021] pumping out the deionized water in the container until the microsphere array falls on the surface of the flexible substrate;

[0022] drying the flexible substrate with the microsphere array on the surface to obtain a photonic crystal film.

[0023] Optionally, before the step of placing the flexible substrate on the substrate, the method further comprises:

[0024] The cleaning solution is prepared by using ammonia, hydrogen peroxide, water, or by using hydrochloric acid, hydrogen peroxide, and water;

[0025] The substrate is placed in the cleaning solution to clean the substrate;

[0026] After cleaning is completed, the substrate is dried by using nitrogen, and the substrate is heated to remove water residues on the surface of the substrate.

[0027] The application also provides an application method of the vehicle window, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0028] A color changing instruction issued by a user is acquired, and the color changing instruction records a target color;

[0029] A target stretching deformation variable corresponding to the target color is determined based on a preset relationship between a stretching deformation variable and a structural color;

[0030] A stretching device in the color changing vehicle window is controlled to adjust a current stretching deformation variable to the target stretching deformation variable, so that a photonic crystal film in the color changing vehicle window changes a structural color to the target color; the color changing vehicle window is the vehicle window provided by the application or is prepared by the preparation method of the vehicle window provided by the application.

[0031] The application also provides a vehicle, which is provided with the vehicle window provided by the application or the vehicle window prepared by the preparation method of the vehicle window provided by the application.

[0032] The application has the following advantages:

[0033] The color changing vehicle window provided by the application comprises at least two stretching devices, the at least two stretching devices are connected with a photonic crystal film, the photonic crystal film changes a structural color when being stretched by the stretching device, and the photonic crystal film comprises a flexible substrate and a microsphere array arranged on the flexible substrate. Therefore, the color changing of the photonic crystal film can be achieved simply by mechanically stretching the photonic crystal film, the color changing of the vehicle window is realized from a physical level, the overall structure is simple, the color changing control is simple, the assembly control difficulty of the color changing vehicle window is reduced, the cost is low, and the color changing vehicle window has good durability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor.

[0035] Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a vehicle window according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a stretching device and a photonic crystal film according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Fig. 3 is a flow chart of a method for manufacturing a vehicle window according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a method for manufacturing a photonic crystal film according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Fig. 5 is a flow chart of a method for using a vehicle window according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0040] Reference signs: glass substrate 1, support device 2, hollow region 3, stretching device 4, photonic crystal film 5, flexible substrate 6, microspheres 7. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to make the above objectives, features and advantages of the present application more apparent, further detailed description of the present application will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0042] The embodiments of the present application disclose a color-changing vehicle window, which comprises at least two stretching devices, and the at least two stretching devices are connected with a photonic crystal film; the photonic crystal film changes structural color in the case of being stretched by the stretching device; and the photonic crystal film comprises a flexible substrate and a microsphere array arranged on the flexible substrate.

[0043] Specifically, at least two stretching devices can be arranged in the vehicle window, and the stretching devices can be connected with the photonic crystal film. By displacement of the stretching devices, the photonic crystal film can be stretched and elongated.

[0044] The photonic crystal film comprises a flexible substrate and a microsphere array arranged on the flexible substrate. The flexible substrate can be made of a material with flexibility and high light transmittance, such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyimide (PI) and the like, and the present application does not limit the flexible substrate.

[0045] A photonic crystal film can form a periodic structure through a microsphere array and an air medium around the microsphere array, which can be comparable to the wavelength of light. The photonic crystal film can affect the propagation behavior of light, especially through the interference and diffraction effects of light, to produce specific optical phenomena such as structural color. The color that the photonic crystal film can present is usually related to its periodic structure, which can form a photonic bandgap structure that can reflect visible light falling within the bandgap, thereby presenting different colors. Meanwhile, under the external application of mechanical stress, lattice deformation can occur inside the photonic crystal film, thereby changing the range of visible light wavelengths that the photonic crystal film can reflect, and changing the structural color presented by the photonic crystal film.

[0046] Thus, in the color-changing vehicle window, the photonic crystal film can provide a certain stretching capability through the flexible substrate. By stretching the photonic crystal film through the stretching device, lattice deformation can occur inside the photonic crystal film, so that the structural color presented by the photonic crystal film changes. Thus, the color presented by the vehicle window can be changed by simple mechanical stretching. The overall structure is simple and the color-changing control is simple, which reduces the overall assembly control difficulty of the color-changing vehicle window and has a lower cost.

[0047] In a specific implementation, the color-changing vehicle window can adopt a hollow glass structure, which retains a space in the glass for setting a vehicle color-changing related structure. As a specific example of the present application, FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of a color-changing vehicle window provided in an embodiment of the present application. The hollow glass can include two glass substrates 1, which are arranged in parallel between the two glass substrates 1. Two support devices 2 are arranged between the two glass substrates 1, and the support devices 2 are arranged on opposite sides of the glass substrates 1. Thus, a hollow area 3 can be enclosed between the glass substrates 1 by the glass substrates 1 and the support devices 2.

[0048] At least two stretching devices can be arranged in the hollow glass, and a photonic crystal film connected to the at least two stretching devices. As a specific example of the present application, FIG. 2 is a structure schematic diagram of a stretching device and a photonic crystal film provided in an embodiment of the present application. The stretching device 4 is arranged on opposite sides of the photonic crystal film 5.

[0049] In a specific implementation, if the shape of the hollow glass is approximately quadrilateral, and the support devices 2 are arranged on opposite sides of the glass substrates 1, the stretching devices 4 can be arranged close to the two sides of the glass substrates where no support devices 2 are arranged, so as to provide more moving space for the stretching devices.

[0050] The stretching device 4 can move to a certain extent in the hollow area 3 in the hollow glass, so that the stretching device can stretch the photonic crystal film 5 and change the structural color presented by the photonic crystal film 5.

[0051] In an embodiment of the present application, the at least two stretching devices are connected to the photonic crystal film by clamping or gluing.

[0052] In a specific implementation, the stretching device can be fixedly connected to the photonic crystal film by clamping or gluing. In the case of gluing, an adhesive such as ultraviolet curing glue or silicone rubber adhesive can be coated between the photonic crystal film and the stretching device to fix the stretching device on both sides of the photonic crystal film.

[0053] In an embodiment of the present application, the microsphere array forms a two-dimensional ordered structure composed of a plurality of microspheres on the surface of the flexible substrate.

[0054] Specifically, the microsphere array can use microspheres as assembly units and orderly arrange in a two-dimensional plane to form a two-dimensional ordered structure.

[0055] Specifically, the microsphere array in the embodiment of the present application can form a single-layer two-dimensional plane on the surface of the flexible substrate. The microsphere array can be orderly arranged according to certain rules and periodicity on the surface of the flexible substrate to obtain a two-dimensional ordered structure. Through the two-dimensional ordered structure with symmetry and periodicity, the microsphere array can have optical properties of structural color.

[0056] In an embodiment of the present application, the two-dimensional ordered structure composed of a plurality of microspheres on the surface of the flexible substrate is a hexagonal close-packed structure.

[0057] Specifically, the two-dimensional ordered structure composed of a plurality of microspheres on the surface of the flexible substrate can be a hexagonal close-packed structure. For the hexagonal close-packed structure, there can be other microspheres in the six adjacent directions of the microsphere. Therefore, the microsphere array as a whole can have a high-density packing effect, which can have better mechanical properties and more easily present structural color with bright colors.

[0058] In an embodiment of the present application, when the stretching deformation amount of the photonic crystal film changes, the gap between the microsphere array of the photonic crystal film changes, so that the photonic crystal film changes in at least two structural colors.

[0059] In a specific implementation, the wavelength range reflected by the photonic crystal film is related to the size and refractive index of the microspheres. When the stretching deformation of the photonic crystal film changes, the gaps between the microspheres in the original microsphere array can change accordingly. The overall reflectivity of the photonic crystal film can be related to the reflectivity of the microspheres, the reflectivity of the air medium in the microsphere array, and the volume fraction of the microspheres in the photonic crystal film. When the gaps between the microspheres in the microsphere array change, the reflectivity of the microspheres and the volume fraction of the microspheres in the photonic crystal film can change, thereby changing the lattice constant of the photonic crystal film and changing the overall reflectivity of the photonic crystal film, and finally changing the wavelength range reflected by the photonic crystal film.

[0060] In an embodiment of the present application, the microspheres are polystyrene or silica.

[0061] Specifically, the microspheres can be polystyrene, and the refractive index thereof is generally between 1.6 and 1.7. The microspheres can also be silica, and the refractive index thereof is generally between 1.5 and 1.6. By selecting a suitable refractive index, the photonic crystal film can more easily exhibit bright and varied structural colors, thereby improving the color presentation effect of the color-changing vehicle window.

[0062] In an embodiment of the present application, the stretching device is electrically connected to a direct current power source, and the stretching device changes the stretching deformation of the photonic crystal film in response to a change in the current of the direct current power source, so that the photonic crystal film changes between at least two structural colors.

[0063] Specifically, the stretching device can be electrically connected to a direct current power source. By changing the voltage of the direct current power source, the current output by the direct current power source can change. The stretching device can respond to the change in the current of the direct current power source to produce different degrees of displacement, so that the stretching deformation of the photonic crystal film applied by the stretching device can change. Under different stretching deformations, the lattice deformation degree of the photonic crystal film can be different, and under different lattice deformation degrees, the wavelength range of visible light reflected by the photonic crystal film can be different, so that the photonic crystal film can change between at least two structural colors.

[0064] Preferably, the wavelength range reflected by the photonic crystal film is related to the size and refractive index of the microspheres. The wavelength range of visible light is approximately between 400 nanometers and 700 nanometers. When the diameter of the microspheres in the microsphere array is close to the wavelength range of visible light, and the microspheres with a suitable refractive index are selected, by changing the stretching deformation of the photonic crystal film, the wavelength range reflected by the photonic crystal film can include the wavelength range of visible light. In this way, the color-changing vehicle window can change color arbitrarily in the visible light range, providing the vehicle window with more rich colors, and the color control is simple.

[0065] Referring to FIG. 3, FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for manufacturing a vehicle window according to an embodiment of the present application. The method comprises the following steps:

[0066] In step 301, a photonic crystal film is connected to at least two stretching devices to obtain a stretching color-changing device. The photonic crystal film comprises a flexible substrate and a microsphere array arranged on the flexible substrate.

[0067] Specifically, first, a stretching color-changing device capable of changing color by stretching is manufactured. Thus, the photonic crystal film can be connected to at least two stretching devices, and the stretching devices can be arranged on opposite sides of the photonic crystal film. The photonic crystal film comprises a flexible substrate and a microsphere array arranged on the flexible substrate. The photonic crystal film can form a periodic structure through the microsphere array and the air medium around the microsphere array. The periodic structure can form a photonic bandgap structure, which can reflect visible light with a wavelength falling within the bandgap, thereby presenting different colors. Meanwhile, under the action of an external mechanical stress, the crystal lattice inside the photonic crystal film can be deformed, thereby changing the wavelength range of visible light that can be reflected by the photonic crystal film, and changing the structural color presented by the photonic crystal film.

[0068] In step 302, the stretching color-changing device is arranged in a vehicle window to obtain a color-changing vehicle window. The photonic crystal film changes the structural color under the stretching action of the stretching device.

[0069] In a specific implementation, the stretching color-changing device can be arranged in a vehicle window to obtain a color-changing vehicle window. Thus, the photonic crystal film can be stretched by the stretching device, so that the structural color presented by the photonic crystal film changes, thereby realizing color change of the vehicle window by a physical method, and the assembly method is simple.

[0070] As a specific example of the present application, first, the stretching color-changing device can be arranged on a glass substrate, and then a glass substrate can be arranged on the stretching color-changing device, so that the two glass substrates sandwich the stretching color-changing device to form a hollow glass, and the stretching color-changing device is located in the middle region of the vehicle window.

[0071] Optionally, while arranging the stretching color-changing device on a glass substrate, a supporting device can also be arranged on the glass substrate to maintain a hollow region between the two glass substrates, so that the stretching device can move to a certain extent in the hollow region, and the photonic crystal film can be stretched by the stretching device to change the structural color.

[0072] In a specific implementation, if the shape of the hollow glass is approximately quadrilateral, and the supporting device is arranged on opposite sides of the glass substrate, the stretching device can be arranged close to the two sides of the glass substrate on which the supporting device is not arranged, so as to provide more moving space for the stretching device.

[0073] In an embodiment of the present application, the photonic crystal film can be prepared by using a colloidal self-assembly method, a spraying method, an interface method, etc., and the present application does not limit the same.

[0074] As a specific example of the present application, in the case of using the colloidal self-assembly method, the photonic crystal film is prepared by using the following method:

[0075] S11, placing the flexible substrate on a substrate to obtain a substrate base;

[0076] S12, injecting deionized water into a container and placing the substrate base in the container;

[0077] S13, injecting a microsphere suspension liquid at a gas-liquid interface of the container; wherein the microsphere suspension liquid includes microspheres in a suspended state; and the microspheres are arranged into a microsphere array at the gas-liquid interface;

[0078] S14, extracting the deionized water in the container until the microsphere array falls on the surface of the flexible substrate;

[0079] S15, performing a drying treatment on the flexible substrate with the microsphere array on the surface to obtain the photonic crystal film.

[0080] In the case of using the colloidal self-assembly method, the flexible substrate can be first placed on a substrate to obtain a substrate base, so that the flexible substrate can also be kept flat in water.

[0081] The deionized water can be injected into a container, and the substrate base can be placed in the container, so that the microspheres can be attached to the surface of the flexible substrate in the subsequent process.

[0082] Thereafter, a colloidal microsphere dispersion liquid can be prepared. The colloidal microsphere dispersion liquid can disperse colloidal microspheres, and the size of the colloidal microspheres can be selected according to actual color requirements. Generally, the size of the colloidal microspheres can be selected according to the initial required structural color.

[0083] The size of the colloidal microspheres can be similar to the wavelength of the required structural color. For example, in the case of the initial required structural color being blue-green, a colloidal microsphere with a diameter of 500 nm can be selected, and the material of the colloidal microsphere can be polystyrene with a refractive index of 1.6 or 1.7, or can be silica with a refractive index of 1.5.

[0084] The mass fraction of the colloidal microspheres in the colloidal microsphere dispersion liquid can be selected as required, for example, 1%, 2.5%, 5%, 10%, 20%, etc., and the present application does not limit the same.

[0085] Since the colloidal self-assembly method has certain requirements for the dispersion degree and concentration of the colloidal microspheres in the medium. For example, the dispersion degree of the colloidal microspheres in the medium can affect the flatness of the photonic crystal film finally formed. The concentration of the colloidal microspheres affects the thickness of the microsphere array. Therefore, the colloidal microsphere dispersion liquid can be redispersed to obtain a microsphere suspension. In the microsphere suspension, the microspheres can be in a suspended state.

[0086] Specifically, the colloidal microsphere dispersion liquid can be placed in a centrifuge, and centrifuged at a speed of 1000-8000 rpm for 10-20 minutes, so that the colloidal microspheres in the colloidal microsphere dispersion liquid and the solvent are separated. After centrifugation is completed, the supernatant can be removed, and the microsphere solution is redispersed in the proportion of alcohol: water = 1:1 under the assistance of ultrasonic, and finally a microsphere suspension with a colloidal microsphere concentration mass fraction of 10% is obtained. Thereafter, the microsphere suspension can be injected at the gas-liquid interface of the container, i.e., the interface between the deionized water and the air. Under the surface tension and the interaction force between the microspheres, the microspheres can be arranged into a two-dimensional planar microsphere array at the gas-liquid interface, and the microspheres are closely arranged. Thus, the self-assembly of the microspheres is realized.

[0087] Specifically, the microsphere suspension can be set on a syringe pump, and the syringe pump can be used to slowly inject the microsphere suspension at the gas-liquid interface in the container. The microspheres can gradually self-assemble to form a two-dimensional planar microsphere array. The arrangement of the microsphere array at the gas-liquid interface can be observed, and when the entire interface of the gas-liquid interface is arranged full, the injection of the suspension is stopped.

[0088] Thereafter, the deionized water in the container can be extracted, and as the deionized water decreases, the microsphere array can gradually approach the substrate base in the container and adhere to the surface of the flexible substrate, thereby completing the migration of the microsphere array to the surface of the flexible substrate.

[0089] Specifically, FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of preparing a photonic crystal film according to an embodiment of the present application. The function of extracting liquid by the syringe pump can be used to slowly extract liquid from the container, and the microspheres 7 can drop as the liquid decreases until the microspheres 7 fall on the surface of the flexible substrate 6 to form a two-dimensional ordered arrangement of the microsphere array on the surface of the flexible substrate 6.

[0090] Thereafter, the flexible substrate with the microsphere array on the surface can be subjected to drying treatment to obtain the photonic crystal film.

[0091] In a specific implementation, the flexible substrate with the microsphere array on the surface can be placed obliquely and naturally dried to obtain the photonic crystal film.

[0092] In an embodiment of the present application, before the step of placing the flexible substrate on the substrate, the method further comprises:

[0093] S21, preparing a cleaning solution by using ammonia, hydrogen peroxide, water, or by using hydrochloric acid, hydrogen peroxide, and water;

[0094] S22, placing the substrate in the cleaning solution to clean the substrate;

[0095] S23, after cleaning, blowing dry the substrate by using nitrogen and heating the substrate to remove water residues on the surface of the substrate.

[0096] In a specific implementation, before preparing the color-changing window, the substrate can be cleaned first to avoid that the substrate affects the flatness of the photonic crystal film finally generated. The substrate can be a glass flat plate. The cleaning solution can use ammonia, hydrogen peroxide, and water, or use hydrochloric acid, hydrogen peroxide, and water. The cleaning solution can have good dirt removal ability and grease removal ability, and can improve the cleanliness of the substrate.

[0097] As a specific example of the present application, the volume ratio among ammonia, hydrogen peroxide, and water can be 1:(0.5-1.5):(4-6). The volume ratio among hydrochloric acid, hydrogen peroxide, and water can be 1:(1-1.5):(5-8).

[0098] The substrate can be placed in the cleaning solution, and the stains on the surface of the substrate can be decomposed or separated from the surface of the substrate under the action of the cleaning solution, so as to clean the substrate.

[0099] As a specific example of the present application, during the process of placing the substrate in the cleaning solution for water bath, the cleaning solution can also be heated to 80±5°C to further improve the dirt removal effect of the cleaning solution. At the same time, ultrasonic cleaning can be used for 15-20 minutes, so that the stains can be separated from the surface of the substrate more quickly.

[0100] After cleaning, high-purity nitrogen can be used to dry the surface of the glass, and the glass can be placed on a hot plate at 110°C for 10 minutes to completely remove the water residues on the surface of the substrate.

[0101] Referring to FIG. 5, FIG. 5 is a step flow chart of an application method of a window according to an embodiment of the present application. The method comprises:

[0102] Step 501, obtaining a color-changing instruction issued by a user; the color-changing instruction records a target color;

[0103] In a specific implementation, when the user needs to change the color of the window, the user can issue a color-changing instruction to the vehicle, and the color-changing instruction can record the target color that the user wants to present.

[0104] Step 502, determining a target stretching deformation variable corresponding to the target color based on a preset relationship between the stretching deformation variable and the structural color;

[0105] In the case of externally applying mechanical stress, the lattice of the photonic crystal film can be deformed, so that the wavelength range of visible light reflected by the photonic crystal film changes, and the structural color presented by the photonic crystal film changes.

[0106] In different tensile deformation amounts, the lattice deformation degree of the photonic crystal film can be different, and in different lattice deformation degrees, the wavelength range of visible light reflected by the photonic crystal film can be different, so that the photonic crystal film can change in at least two structural colors.

[0107] Therefore, the tensile deformation amount can have a corresponding relationship with the structural color presented by the photonic crystal film. The relationship between the tensile deformation amount and the structural color can be determined in advance by experimental testing, simulation, etc. In the case that the user needs to change the color, the tensile deformation amount corresponding to the structural color required by the user can be determined directly through the relationship between the tensile deformation amount and the structural color.

[0108] Further, the stretching of the photonic crystal film in the color-changing vehicle window is realized by the stretching device. The stretching device can be electrically connected with the direct current power supply. By changing the voltage of the direct current power supply, the current output by the direct current power supply can be changed. The stretching device can respond to the current change of the direct current power supply to produce different degrees of displacement, so that the tensile deformation amount applied to the photonic crystal film by the stretching device can be changed.

[0109] Therefore, the tensile deformation amount of the stretching device can be associated with the current of the direct current power supply, and the current of the direct current power supply can be changed by changing the voltage of the direct current power supply. Therefore, the corresponding relationship between the voltage and the tensile deformation amount can be established in advance by experimental testing, simulation, etc. After determining the tensile deformation amount corresponding to the structural color required by the user, how to control the voltage of the direct current power supply to change the tensile deformation amount can be determined according to the corresponding relationship between the voltage and the tensile deformation amount.

[0110] Step 503, control the stretching device in the color-changing vehicle window to adjust the current tensile deformation amount to the target tensile deformation amount, so that the photonic crystal film in the color-changing vehicle window changes the structural color to the target color; wherein the color-changing vehicle window is the color-changing vehicle window of the embodiment of the application, or is prepared by the preparation method of the color-changing vehicle window of the embodiment of the application.

[0111] After the target tensile deformation amount is determined, the current tensile deformation amount can be adjusted to the target tensile deformation amount by changing the voltage of the direct current power supply to control the stretching device in the color-changing vehicle window, so that the photonic crystal film in the color-changing vehicle window changes the structural color to the target color, thereby realizing the free change of the color of the vehicle window in a simple and convenient manner.

[0112] The embodiment of the present application further provides a vehicle, which is provided with the vehicle window of the embodiment of the present application or the vehicle window prepared by the preparation method of the vehicle window in the embodiment of the present application.

[0113] It should be noted that, for the method embodiments, for the sake of simple description, they are all described as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should know that the embodiment of the present application is not limited to the action sequence described, because according to the embodiment of the present application, certain steps can be performed in other sequences or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should know that the embodiments described in the specification all belong to preferred embodiments, and the actions involved are not necessarily essential to the embodiment of the present application.

[0114] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second and the like can only be used to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action, without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between or among the entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises", "comprising", or any other variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but can include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without more limitations, an element preceded by "comprises... a" does not, without more constraints, foreclose the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the recited element.

[0115] Each embodiment in the specification is described in a relevant manner, and the same or similar parts between each embodiment can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the difference from other embodiments. Especially, for the system embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the part of the method embodiment.

[0116] The above only describes the preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A color-changing car window, wherein, The window is provided with at least two stretching devices 4, which are connected to the photonic crystal film 5; the photonic crystal film 5 changes its structural color when stretched by the stretching devices 4; the photonic crystal film 5 includes a flexible substrate 6 and an array of microspheres arranged on the flexible substrate 6.

2. The color-changing window according to claim 1, wherein, The at least two stretching devices 4 are connected to the photonic crystal film 5 by clamping or adhesive bonding.

3. The color-changing window according to claim 1, wherein, The stretching device 4 is electrically connected to a DC power supply. In response to changes in the current of the DC power supply, the stretching device 4 changes the stretching deformation of the photonic crystal film 5, so that the photonic crystal film 5 varies in at least two structural colors.

4. The color-changing window according to claim 3, wherein, If the stretching deformation of the photonic crystal film 5 changes, the spacing between the microsphere arrays of the photonic crystal film 5 changes, causing the photonic crystal film 5 to vary in at least two structural colors.

5. The color-changing window according to claim 1, wherein, The microsphere array forms a two-dimensional ordered structure composed of several microspheres 7 on the surface of the flexible substrate 6.

6. The color-changing window according to claim 5, wherein, The two-dimensional ordered structure formed by the plurality of microspheres 7 on the surface of the flexible substrate 6 is a hexagonal close-packed structure.

7. The color-changing window according to claim 5, wherein, The microspheres 7 are made of polystyrene or silicon dioxide.

8. A method for manufacturing a vehicle window, wherein, The method includes: A photonic crystal thin film is connected to at least two stretching devices to obtain a stretchable color-changing device; the photonic crystal thin film includes a flexible substrate and an array of microspheres arranged on the flexible substrate; A color-changing stretching device is installed in a car window to obtain a color-changing car window; the structural color of the photonic crystal film changes when it is stretched by the stretching device.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein, The photonic crystal thin film was prepared using the following method: A flexible substrate is placed on a substrate to obtain a substrate base. Deionized water is injected into a container, and the substrate is placed in the container; A microsphere suspension is injected at the gas-liquid interface of the container; wherein the microsphere suspension comprises microspheres in a suspended state; the microspheres are arranged in a microsphere array at the gas-liquid interface; Extract deionized water from the container until the microsphere array falls onto the surface of the flexible substrate; The flexible substrate with the microsphere array on its surface is dried to obtain a photonic crystal thin film.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein, Prior to the step of placing the flexible substrate on a substrate, the method further includes: A cleaning solution can be prepared using ammonia, hydrogen peroxide, and water, or hydrochloric acid, hydrogen peroxide, and water. The substrate is placed in a cleaning solution to clean it; After cleaning, the substrate is dried with nitrogen and then heated to remove any water residue on its surface.

11. A method for applying a vehicle window, wherein, The method includes: Obtain the color-changing command issued by the user; the color-changing command contains the target color; Based on the preset relationship between the stretching deformation and the structural color, the target stretching deformation corresponding to the target color is determined; The stretching device in the color-changing window is controlled to adjust the current stretching deformation to the target stretching deformation, so that the photonic crystal film in the color-changing window changes its structural color to the target color; wherein the color-changing window is the window according to any one of claims 1-7, or is prepared by the window preparation method according to any one of claims 8-10.

12. A vehicle, wherein, The vehicle is provided with a window as described in any one of claims 1-7, or a window prepared by the method described in any one of claims 8-10.

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