Uplink beam failure recovery using downlink monitoring
By monitoring downlink reference signals and using network-provided thresholds, UEs accurately estimate uplink beam quality and initiate recovery, addressing signaling overhead and inefficiencies in multi-TRP systems, thereby improving beam failure recovery and communication reliability.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/112666
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-16
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-19
AI Technical Summary
Existing wireless communication systems face high signaling overhead and inaccurate uplink beam quality estimation due to the use of downlink proxy reference signals, which do not reflect uplink beam quality, especially in multi-transmission/reception point systems, leading to inefficiencies in beam failure recovery processes.
Uplink beam failure recovery is facilitated by monitoring downlink reference signals and receiving configuration information from a network entity, allowing UEs to estimate uplink beam quality based on downlink RSRP and transmission power, and initiating a beam failure recovery request if the quality falls below specified thresholds.
This approach reduces signaling overhead and improves the accuracy of beam failure recovery by enabling UEs to initiate recovery based on actual uplink metrics, enhancing communication reliability in multi-TRP environments.
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Figure CN2024112666_19022026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
UPLINK BEAM FAILURE RECOVERY USING DOWNLINK MONITORINGTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The following relates to wireless communications, including uplink beam failure recovery using downlink monitoring.BACKGROUND
[0002] Wireless communications systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, and so on. These systems may be capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing the available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power) . Examples of such multiple-access systems include fourth generation (4G) systems such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems, and fifth generation (5G) systems which may be referred to as New Radio (NR) systems. These systems may employ technologies such as code division multiple access (CDMA) , time division multiple access (TDMA) , frequency division multiple access (FDMA) , orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA) , or discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM) . A wireless multiple-access communications system may include one or more base stations, each supporting wireless communication for communication devices, which may be known as user equipment (UE) . Components within a wireless communication system may be coupled (for example, operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, and / or electrically) to each other.SUMMARY
[0003] The systems, methods, and devices of this disclosure each have several innovative aspects, no single one of which is solely responsible for the desirable attributes disclosed herein.
[0004] A method for wireless communications by a user equipment (UE) is described. The method may include receiving control signaling indicating one or more link quality thresholds associated with uplink beam failure detection, receiving one or more downlink reference signals, and transmitting an uplink beam failure recovery request (BFRQ) in accordance with an uplink beam quality estimate corresponding to the one or more downlink reference signals failing to satisfy a link quality threshold of the one or more link quality thresholds.
[0005] A UE for wireless communications is described. The UE may include one or more memories storing processor executable code, and one or more processors coupled with (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, or electrically) the one or more memories. The one or more processors may individually or collectively be operable to execute the code (e.g., directly, indirectly, after pre-processing, without pre-processing) to cause the UE to receive control signaling indicating one or more link quality thresholds associated with uplink beam failure detection, receive one or more downlink reference signals, and transmit an uplink BFRQ in accordance with an uplink beam quality estimate corresponding to the one or more downlink reference signals failing to satisfy a link quality threshold of the one or more link quality thresholds.
[0006] Another UE for wireless communications is described. The UE may include means for receiving control signaling indicating one or more link quality thresholds associated with uplink beam failure detection, means for receiving one or more downlink reference signals, and means for transmitting an uplink BFRQ in accordance with an uplink beam quality estimate corresponding to the one or more downlink reference signals failing to satisfy a link quality threshold of the one or more link quality thresholds.
[0007] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications is described. The code may include instructions executable by one or more processors (e.g., directly, indirectly, after pre-processing, without pre-processing) to receive control signaling indicating one or more link quality thresholds associated with uplink beam failure detection, receive one or more downlink reference signals, and transmit an uplink BFRQ in accordance with an uplink beam quality estimate corresponding to the one or more downlink reference signals failing to satisfy a link quality threshold of the one or more link quality thresholds.
[0008] Some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving an indication of one or more resources to monitor for the one or more downlink reference signals.
[0009] In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, receiving the control signaling may include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving a first control message including the one or more link quality thresholds associated with the uplink beam failure detection, and a set of one or more parameters associated with downlink beam failure detection.
[0010] In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, receiving the control signaling may include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving a first control message including the one or more link quality thresholds associated with the uplink beam failure detection and receiving a second control message including a set of one or more parameters associated with downlink beam failure detection.
[0011] In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the one or more link quality thresholds correspond to a component carrier, a group of component carriers, a bandwidth part, or any combination thereof.
[0012] Some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting a request for the one or more link quality thresholds for the one or more downlink reference signals, where the one or more downlink reference signals may be received in accordance with the request.
[0013] In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the one or more downlink reference signals in the request correspond to one or more uplink transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state identifications.
[0014] Some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving second control signaling allocating resources for transmitting the request, where the request may be transmitted via the allocated resources.
[0015] Some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for multiplexing the request with an uplink transmission, where transmission of the request may be based on the multiplexing.
[0016] In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the request includes a request for a periodic transmission of the one or more downlink reference signals within a measurement duration.
[0017] Some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving second control signaling including an uplink grant of uplink resources for uplink control information, a beam failure recovery media access control-control element (BFR MAC-CE) , a scheduling request (SR) , a random access message, an uplink shared channel transmission, or any combination thereof, where transmission of the uplink BFRQ occurs via the granted uplink resources.
[0018] Some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving a downlink signal corresponding to a beam failure recovery procedure based on transmitting the uplink BFRQ, the downlink signal including an uplink grant for transmitting beam failure recovery information, a random access response message, a polling message for the beam failure recovery information, a downlink control information (DCI) message requesting the beam failure recovery information or indicating a TCI state switch, or any combination thereof and transmitting an uplink message including the beam failure recovery information in accordance with the downlink signal.
[0019] Some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving a request to report a quantity of preferred uplink transmission configuration identifier states and transmitting, via the uplink BFRQ, a report indicating the quantity of the preferred uplink transmission configuration identifier states.
[0020] Some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving a message indicating an uplink transmission configuration identifier state in response to the uplink BFRQ.
[0021] In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the uplink BFRQ includes a cell identifier associated with an uplink beam failure detection event, one or more reference signal identifiers corresponding to the uplink beam quality estimate, or any combination thereof.
[0022] In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the one or more downlink reference signals include a synchronization signal block (SSB) , a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) , or a tracking reference signal (TRS) .
[0023] In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the uplink beam quality estimate may be associated with a received power of the one or more downlink reference signals and may be associated with a maximum transmission power corresponding to an uplink beam associated with the uplink beam quality estimate.
[0024] A method for wireless communications by a network entity is described. The method may include outputting control signaling indicating one or more link quality thresholds associated with uplink beam failure detection, outputting one or more downlink reference signals, and obtaining an uplink BFRQ based on outputting the control signaling indicating the one or more link quality thresholds and outputting the one or more downlink reference signals.
[0025] A network entity for wireless communications is described. The network entity may include one or more memories storing processor executable code, and one or more processors coupled with (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, or electrically) the one or more memories. The one or more processors may individually or collectively be operable to execute the code (e.g., directly, indirectly, after pre-processing, without pre-processing) to cause the network entity to output control signaling indicating one or more link quality thresholds associated with uplink beam failure detection, output one or more downlink reference signals, and obtain an uplink BFRQ based on outputting the control signaling indicating the one or more link quality thresholds and outputting the one or more downlink reference signals.
[0026] Another network entity for wireless communications is described. The network entity may include means for outputting control signaling indicating one or more link quality thresholds associated with uplink beam failure detection, means for outputting one or more downlink reference signals, and means for obtaining an uplink BFRQ based on outputting the control signaling indicating the one or more link quality thresholds and outputting the one or more downlink reference signals.
[0027] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications is described. The code may include instructions executable by one or more processors (e.g., directly, indirectly, after pre-processing, without pre-processing) to output control signaling indicating one or more link quality thresholds associated with uplink beam failure detection, output one or more downlink reference signals, and obtain an uplink BFRQ based on outputting the control signaling indicating the one or more link quality thresholds and outputting the one or more downlink reference signals.
[0028] Some examples of the method, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for outputting an indication of one or more resources to monitor for the one or more downlink reference signals.
[0029] In some examples of the method, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, outputting the control signaling may include operations, features, means, or instructions for outputting a first control message including the one or more link quality thresholds associated with the uplink beam failure detection, and a set of one or more parameters associated with downlink beam failure detection.
[0030] In some examples of the method, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, outputting the control signaling may include operations, features, means, or instructions for outputting a first control message including the one or more link quality thresholds associated with the uplink beam failure detection and receiving a second control message including a set of one or more parameters associated with downlink beam failure detection.
[0031] In some examples of the method, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the one or more link quality thresholds correspond to a component carrier, a group of component carriers, a bandwidth part, or any combination thereof.
[0032] Some examples of the method, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for obtaining a request for the one or more link quality thresholds for the one or more downlink reference signals, where the one or more downlink reference signals may be received in accordance with the request.
[0033] Some examples of the method, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for outputting second control signaling including an uplink grant of uplink resources for uplink control information, a BFR MAC-CE an SR, a random access message, an uplink shared channel transmission, or any combination thereof, where transmission of the uplink BFRQ occurs via the granted uplink resources.
[0034] Some examples of the method, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for outputting a downlink signal corresponding to a beam failure recovery procedure based on transmitting the uplink BFRQ, the downlink signal including an uplink grant for transmitting beam failure recovery information, a random access response message, a polling message for the beam failure recovery information, a DCI message requesting the beam failure recovery information or indicating a TCI state switch, or any combination thereof and obtaining an uplink message including the beam failure recovery information in accordance with the downlink signal.
[0035] Some examples of the method, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for outputting a request to report a quantity of preferred uplink transmission configuration identifier states and obtaining, via the uplink BFRQ, a report indicating the quantity of the preferred uplink transmission configuration identifier states.
[0036] Some examples of the method, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for outputting a message indicating an uplink transmission configuration identifier state in response to the uplink BFRQ.
[0037] In some examples of the method, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the one or more downlink reference signals include an SSB, a CSI-RS, or a TRS.
[0038] Details of one or more implementations of the subject matter described in this disclosure are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features, aspects, and advantages will become apparent from the description, the drawings, and the claims. Note that the relative dimensions of the following figures may not be drawn to scale.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0039] FIGs. 1 and 2 show examples of wireless communications systems that supports uplink beam failure recovery using downlink monitoring in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0040] FIG. 3 shows an example of a process flow that supports uplink beam failure recovery using downlink monitoring in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0041] FIGs. 4 and 5 show block diagrams of devices that support uplink beam failure recovery using downlink monitoring in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0042] FIG. 6 shows a block diagram of a communications manager that supports uplink beam failure recovery using downlink monitoring in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0043] FIG. 7 shows a diagram of a system including a device that supports uplink beam failure recovery using downlink monitoring in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0044] FIGs. 8 and 9 show block diagrams of devices that support uplink beam failure recovery using downlink monitoring in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0045] FIG. 10 shows a block diagram of a communications manager that supports uplink beam failure recovery using downlink monitoring in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0046] FIG. 11 shows a diagram of a system including a device that supports uplink beam failure recovery using downlink monitoring in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0047] FIGs. 12 through 14 show flowcharts illustrating methods that support uplink beam failure recovery using downlink monitoring in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0048] In some wireless communications systems, directional beams for wireless signaling may be monitored for changes in link quality and for beam failure using reference signals. In some implementations, to monitor uplink beams for link quality and beam failure, a network entity may receive sounding reference signals (SRSs) from user equipments (UEs) in a serving cell and may monitor uplink beams via the SRSs. However, receiving, by a network entity, SRSs regularly and from many UEs may be associated with high signaling overhead, among other disadvantages. The signaling overhead may be further increased for multi-transmission / reception point (mTRP) systems or devices supporting multiple antenna panels because different TRPs, or different antenna panels at a single device, may send or receive SRSs.
[0049] In some implementations, the UE may use a downlink reference signal as a proxy reference signal for the uplink beam, which may mitigate the signaling overhead that may be associated with a network entity monitoring uplink SRSs. However, a downlink proxy reference signal may not reflect transmission power limitations that may affect beam quality (e.g., maximum power extrapolation (MPE) , power headroom, uplink / downlink radio mismatches) . For example, a determination of link quality for a downlink beam using a downlink reference signal may not reflect the uplink beam quality. Further, in some implementations (e.g., mTRP UEs, uplink / downlink radio mismatches) , an uplink beam and a downlink beam may be decoupled or may not be the same beam, or may not share one or more characteristics (e.g., a UE may transmit uplink signaling via a first beam pair, and may receive downlink signaling via a second beam pair, where the uplink beam pair and the downlink beam pair may be distinct from each other and may not share one or more properties) . For example, a downlink proxy reference signal (e.g., which may be utilized to perform measurements) may not be associated with an uplink beam of interest. In some cases, it may be advantageous for a UE to initiate beam failure recovery processes based on estimated uplink metrics and preferred uplink configurations (e.g., beams, panels, antennas) . However, the UE may not accurately estimate uplink metrics without access to information from the network entity because uplink beam quality may rely on conditions at the network entity (e.g., which may be unknown at the UE) .
[0050] The techniques described herein support a procedure for uplink beam failure recovery at a UE by monitoring downlink reference signals and receiving configuration information from a network entity. For example, the UE may estimate an uplink beam quality based on a proxy downlink reference signal and, if the uplink beam quality estimate fails to satisfy a provided uplink link quality threshold, the UE may transmit a beam failure recovery request (BFRQ) . For example, a network entity may transmit control signaling indicating one or more link quality thresholds for uplink beams. The one or more link quality thresholds may be beam general, or may apply to an indicated component carrier or bandwidth carrier, or may apply to a group of component carriers or bandwidth parts. In some implementations, the control signaling may include an indication of resources to monitor for downlink reference signals. In some implementations, a UE may request specific resources at which to monitor for downlink reference signals. The UE may receive one or more downlink reference signals and may measure the reference signal received power (RSRP) of the one or more downlink reference signals. The UE may calculate an uplink quality estimate based on the RSRP of the one or more downlink reference signals and a transmission power parameter at the UE (e.g., maximum transmission power) . If the uplink quality estimate fails to satisfy the one or more link quality threshold indicated by the network entity, the UE may initiate a beam failure recovery procedure. That is, the UE may transmit an uplink BFRQ to the network entity.
[0051] Aspects of the disclosure are initially described in the context of wireless communications systems and process flows. Aspects of the disclosure are further illustrated by and described with reference to apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flowcharts that relate to uplink beam failure recovery using downlink monitoring.
[0052] FIG. 1 shows an example of a wireless communications system 100 that supports uplink beam failure recovery using downlink monitoring in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communications system 100 may include one or more devices, such as one or more network devices (e.g., network entities 105) , one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, the wireless communications system 100 may be a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, an LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) network, an LTE-A Pro network, a New Radio (NR) network, or a network operating in accordance with other systems and radio technologies, including future systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.
[0053] The network entities 105 may be dispersed throughout a geographic area to form the wireless communications system 100 and may include devices in different forms or having different capabilities. In various examples, a network entity 105 may be referred to as a network element, a mobility element, a radio access network (RAN) node, or network equipment, among other nomenclature. In some examples, network entities 105 and UEs 115 may wirelessly communicate via communication link (s) 125 (e.g., a radio frequency (RF) access link) . For example, a network entity 105 may support a coverage area 110 (e.g., a geographic coverage area) over which the UEs 115 and the network entity 105 may establish the communication link (s) 125. The coverage area 110 may be an example of a geographic area over which a network entity 105 and a UE 115 may support the communication of signals according to one or more radio access technologies (RATs) .
[0054] The UEs 115 may be dispersed throughout a coverage area 110 of the wireless communications system 100, and each UE 115 may be stationary, or mobile, or both at different times. The UEs 115 may be devices in different forms or having different capabilities. Some example UEs 115 are illustrated in FIG. 1. The UEs 115 described herein may be capable of supporting communications with various types of devices in the wireless communications system 100 (e.g., other wireless communication devices, including UEs 115 or network entities 105) , as shown in FIG. 1.
[0055] As described herein, a node of the wireless communications system 100, which may be referred to as a network node, or a wireless node, may be a network entity 105 (e.g., any network entity described herein) , a UE 115 (e.g., any UE described herein) , a network controller, an apparatus, a device, a computing system, one or more components, or another suitable processing entity configured to perform any of the techniques described herein. For example, a node may be a UE 115. As another example, a node may be a network entity 105. As another example, a first node may be configured to communicate with a second node or a third node. In one aspect of this example, the first node may be a UE 115, the second node may be a network entity 105, and the third node may be a UE 115. In another aspect of this example, the first node may be a UE 115, the second node may be a network entity 105, and the third node may be a network entity 105. In yet other aspects of this example, the first, second, and third nodes may be different relative to these examples. Similarly, reference to a UE 115, network entity 105, apparatus, device, computing system, or the like may include disclosure of the UE 115, network entity 105, apparatus, device, computing system, or the like being a node. For example, disclosure that a UE 115 is configured to receive information from a network entity 105 also discloses that a first node is configured to receive information from a second node.
[0056] In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with a core network 130, or with one another, or both. For example, network entities 105 may communicate with the core network 130 via backhaul communication link (s) 120 (e.g., in accordance with an S1, N2, N3, or other interface protocol) . In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with one another via backhaul communication link (s) 120 (e.g., in accordance with an X2, Xn, or other interface protocol) either directly (e.g., directly between network entities 105) or indirectly (e.g., via the core network 130) . In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with one another via a midhaul communication link 162 (e.g., in accordance with a midhaul interface protocol) or a fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., in accordance with a fronthaul interface protocol) , or any combination thereof. The backhaul communication link (s) 120, midhaul communication links 162, or fronthaul communication links 168 may be or include one or more wired links (e.g., an electrical link, an optical fiber link) or one or more wireless links (e.g., a radio link, a wireless optical link) , among other examples or various combinations thereof. A UE 115 may communicate with the core network 130 via a communication link 155.
[0057] One or more of the network entities 105 or network equipment described herein may include or may be referred to as a base station 140 (e.g., a base transceiver station, a radio base station, an NR base station, an access point, a radio transceiver, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB or giga-NodeB (either of which may be referred to as a gNB) , a 5G NB, a next-generation eNB (ng-eNB) , a Home NodeB, a Home eNodeB, or other suitable terminology) . In some examples, a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) may be implemented in an aggregated (e.g., monolithic, standalone) base station architecture, which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within one network entity (e.g., a network entity 105 or a single RAN node, such as a base station 140) .
[0058] In some examples, a network entity 105 may be implemented in a disaggregated architecture (e.g., a disaggregated base station architecture, a disaggregated RAN architecture) , which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed among multiple network entities (e.g., network entities 105) , such as an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) network, an open RAN (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance) , or a virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a cloud RAN (C-RAN) ) . For example, a network entity 105 may include one or more of a central unit (CU) , such as a CU 160, a distributed unit (DU) , such as a DU 165, a radio unit (RU) , such as an RU 170, a RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) , such as an RIC 175 (e.g., a Near-Real Time RIC (Near-RT RIC) , a Non-Real Time RIC (Non-RT RIC) ) , a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) system, such as an SMO system 180, or any combination thereof. An RU 170 may also be referred to as a radio head, a smart radio head, a remote radio head (RRH) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , or a transmission reception point (TRP) . One or more components of the network entities 105 in a disaggregated RAN architecture may be co-located, or one or more components of the network entities 105 may be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations) . In some examples, one or more of the network entities 105 of a disaggregated RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., a virtual CU (VCU) , a virtual DU (VDU) , a virtual RU (VRU) ) .
[0059] The split of functionality between a CU 160, a DU 165, and an RU 170 is flexible and may support different functionalities depending on which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, RF functions, or any combinations thereof) are performed at a CU 160, a DU 165, or an RU 170. For example, a functional split of a protocol stack may be employed between a CU 160 and a DU 165 such that the CU 160 may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the DU 165 may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. In some examples, the CU 160 may host upper protocol layer (e.g., layer 3 (L3) , layer 2 (L2) ) functionality and signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) , service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) , Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) ) . The CU 160 (e.g., one or more CUs) may be connected to a DU 165 (e.g., one or more DUs) or an RU 170 (e.g., one or more RUs) , or some combination thereof, and the DUs 165, RUs 170, or both may host lower protocol layers, such as layer 1 (L1) (e.g., physical (PHY) layer) or L2 (e.g., radio link control (RLC) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer) functionality and signaling, and may each be at least partially controlled by the CU 160. Additionally, or alternatively, a functional split of the protocol stack may be employed between a DU 165 and an RU 170 such that the DU 165 may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the RU 170 may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. The DU 165 may support one or multiple different cells (e.g., via one or multiple different RUs, such as an RU 170) . In some cases, a functional split between a CU 160 and a DU 165 or between a DU 165 and an RU 170 may be within a protocol layer (e.g., some functions for a protocol layer may be performed by one of a CU 160, a DU 165, or an RU 170, while other functions of the protocol layer are performed by a different one of the CU 160, the DU 165, or the RU 170) . A CU 160 may be functionally split further into CU control plane (CU-CP) and CU user plane (CU-UP) functions. A CU 160 may be connected to a DU 165 via a midhaul communication link 162 (e.g., F1, F1-c, F1-u) , and a DU 165 may be connected to an RU 170 via a fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., open fronthaul (FH) interface) . In some examples, a midhaul communication link 162 or a fronthaul communication link 168 may be implemented in accordance with an interface (e.g., a channel) between layers of a protocol stack supported by respective network entities (e.g., one or more of the network entities 105) that are in communication via such communication links.
[0060] In some wireless communications systems (e.g., the wireless communications system 100) , infrastructure and spectral resources for radio access may support wireless backhaul link capabilities to supplement wired backhaul connections, providing an IAB network architecture (e.g., to a core network 130) . In some cases, in an IAB network, one or more of the network entities 105 (e.g., network entities 105 or IAB node (s) 104) may be partially controlled by each other. The IAB node (s) 104 may be referred to as a donor entity or an IAB donor. A DU 165 or an RU 170 may be partially controlled by a CU 160 associated with a network entity 105 or base station 140 (such as a donor network entity or a donor base station) . The one or more donor entities (e.g., IAB donors) may be in communication with one or more additional devices (e.g., IAB node (s) 104) via supported access and backhaul links (e.g., backhaul communication link (s) 120) . IAB node (s) 104 may include an IAB mobile termination (IAB-MT) controlled (e.g., scheduled) by one or more DUs (e.g., DUs 165) of a coupled IAB donor. An IAB-MT may be equipped with an independent set of antennas for relay of communications with UEs 115 or may share the same antennas (e.g., of an RU 170) of IAB node (s) 104 used for access via the DU 165 of the IAB node (s) 104 (e.g., referred to as virtual IAB-MT (vIAB-MT) ) . In some examples, the IAB node (s) 104 may include one or more DUs (e.g., DUs 165) that support communication links with additional entities (e.g., IAB node (s) 104, UEs 115) within the relay chain or configuration of the access network (e.g., downstream) . In such cases, one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture (e.g., the IAB node (s) 104 or components of the IAB node (s) 104) may be configured to operate according to the techniques described herein.
[0061] For instance, an access network (AN) or RAN may include communications between access nodes (e.g., an IAB donor) , IAB node (s) 104, and one or more UEs 115. The IAB donor may facilitate connection between the core network 130 and the AN (e.g., via a wired or wireless connection to the core network 130) . That is, an IAB donor may refer to a RAN node with a wired or wireless connection to the core network 130. The IAB donor may include one or more of a CU 160, a DU 165, and an RU 170, in which case the CU 160 may communicate with the core network 130 via an interface (e.g., a backhaul link) . The IAB donor and IAB node (s) 104 may communicate via an F1 interface according to a protocol that defines signaling messages (e.g., an F1 AP protocol) . Additionally, or alternatively, the CU 160 may communicate with the core network 130 via an interface, which may be an example of a portion of a backhaul link, and may communicate with other CUs (e.g., including a CU 160 associated with an alternative IAB donor) via an Xn-C interface, which may be an example of another portion of a backhaul link.
[0062] IAB node (s) 104 may refer to RAN nodes that provide IAB functionality (e.g., access for UEs 115, wireless self-backhauling capabilities) . A DU 165 may act as a distributed scheduling node towards child nodes associated with the IAB node (s) 104, and the IAB-MT may act as a scheduled node towards parent nodes associated with IAB node (s) 104. That is, an IAB donor may be referred to as a parent node in communication with one or more child nodes (e.g., an IAB donor may relay transmissions for UEs through other IAB node (s) 104) . Additionally, or alternatively, IAB node (s) 104 may also be referred to as parent nodes or child nodes to other IAB node (s) 104, depending on the relay chain or configuration of the AN. The IAB-MT entity of IAB node (s) 104 may provide a Uu interface for a child IAB node (e.g., the IAB node (s) 104) to receive signaling from a parent IAB node (e.g., the IAB node (s) 104) , and a DU interface (e.g., a DU 165) may provide a Uu interface for a parent IAB node to signal to a child IAB node or UE 115.
[0063] For example, IAB node (s) 104 may be referred to as parent nodes that support communications for child IAB nodes, or may be referred to as child IAB nodes associated with IAB donors, or both. An IAB donor may include a CU 160 with a wired or wireless connection (e.g., backhaul communication link (s) 120) to the core network 130 and may act as a parent node to IAB node (s) 104. For example, the DU 165 of an IAB donor may relay transmissions to UEs 115 through IAB node (s) 104, or may directly signal transmissions to a UE 115, or both. The CU 160 of the IAB donor may signal communication link establishment via an F1 interface to IAB node (s) 104, and the IAB node (s) 104 may schedule transmissions (e.g., transmissions to the UEs 115 relayed from the IAB donor) through one or more DUs (e.g., DUs 165) . That is, data may be relayed to and from IAB node (s) 104 via signaling via an NR Uu interface to MT of IAB node (s) 104 (e.g., other IAB node (s) ) . Communications with IAB node (s) 104 may be scheduled by a DU 165 of the IAB donor or of IAB node (s) 104.
[0064] In the case of the techniques described herein applied in the context of a disaggregated RAN architecture, one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture may be configured to support test as described herein. For example, some operations described as being performed by a UE 115 or a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) may additionally, or alternatively, be performed by one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture (e.g., components such as an IAB node, a DU 165, a CU 160, an RU 170, an RIC 175, an SMO system 180) .
[0065] A UE 115 may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable terminology, where the “device” may also be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. A UE 115 may also include or may be referred to as a personal electronic device such as a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , multimedia / entertainment device (e.g., a radio, a MP3 player, or a video device) , a camera, a gaming device, a navigation / positioning device (e.g., GNSS (global navigation satellite system) devices based on, for example, GPS (global positioning system) , Beidou, GLONASS, or Galileo, or a terrestrial-based device) , a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a netbook, a smartbook, a personal computer, a smart device, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, smart clothing, smart glasses, virtual reality goggles, a smart wristband, smart jewelry (e.g., a smart ring, a smart bracelet) ) , a drone, a robot / robotic device, a vehicle, a vehicular device, a meter (e.g., parking meter, electric meter, gas meter, water meter) , a monitor, a gas pump, an appliance (e.g., kitchen appliance, washing machine, dryer) , a location tag, a medical / healthcare device, an implant, a sensor / actuator, a display, or any other suitable device configured to communicate via a wireless or wired medium. In some examples, a UE 115 may include or be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, an Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or a machine type communications (MTC) device, among other examples, which may be implemented in various objects such as appliances, vehicles, or meters, among other examples.
[0066] The UEs 115 described herein may be able to communicate with various types of devices, such as UEs 115 that may sometimes operate as relays, as well as the network entities 105 and the network equipment including macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, or relay base stations, among other examples, as shown in FIG. 1.
[0067] The UEs 115 and the network entities 105 may wirelessly communicate with one another via the communication link (s) 125 (e.g., one or more access links) using resources associated with one or more carriers. The term “carrier” may refer to a set of RF spectrum resources having a defined PHY layer structure for supporting the communication link (s) 125. For example, a carrier used for the communication link (s) 125 may include a portion of an RF spectrum band (e.g., a bandwidth part (BWP) ) that is operated according to one or more PHY layer channels for a given RAT (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR) . Each PHY layer channel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information) , control signaling that coordinates operation for the carrier, user data, or other signaling. The wireless communications system 100 may support communication with a UE 115 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. A UE 115 may be configured with multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers according to a carrier aggregation configuration. Carrier aggregation may be used with both frequency division duplexing (FDD) and time division duplexing (TDD) component carriers. Communication between a network entity 105 and other devices may refer to communication between the devices and any portion (e.g., entity, sub-entity) of a network entity 105. For example, the terms “transmitting, ” “receiving, ” or “communicating, ” when referring to a network entity 105, may refer to any portion of a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, a CU 160, a DU 165, a RU 170) of a RAN communicating with another device (e.g., directly or via one or more other network entities, such as one or more of the network entities 105) .
[0068] In some examples, such as in a carrier aggregation configuration, a carrier may have acquisition signaling or control signaling that coordinates operations for other carriers. A carrier may be associated with a frequency channel (e.g., an evolved universal mobile telecommunication system terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA) absolute RF channel number (EARFCN) ) and may be identified according to a channel raster for discovery by the UEs 115. A carrier may be operated in a standalone mode, in which case initial acquisition and connection may be conducted by the UEs 115 via the carrier, or the carrier may be operated in a non-standalone mode, in which case a connection is anchored using a different carrier (e.g., of the same or a different RAT) .
[0069] The communication link (s) 125 of the wireless communications system 100 may include downlink transmissions (e.g., forward link transmissions) from a network entity 105 to a UE 115, uplink transmissions (e.g., return link transmissions) from a UE 115 to a network entity 105, or both, among other configurations of transmissions. Carriers may carry downlink or uplink communications (e.g., in an FDD mode) or may be configured to carry downlink and uplink communications (e.g., in a TDD mode) .
[0070] A carrier may be associated with a particular bandwidth of the RF spectrum and, in some examples, the carrier bandwidth may be referred to as a “system bandwidth” of the carrier or the wireless communications system 100. For example, the carrier bandwidth may be one of a set of bandwidths for carriers of a particular RAT (e.g., 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 40, or 80 megahertz (MHz) ) . Devices of the wireless communications system 100 (e.g., the network entities 105, the UEs 115, or both) may have hardware configurations that support communications using a particular carrier bandwidth or may be configurable to support communications using one of a set of carrier bandwidths. In some examples, the wireless communications system 100 may include network entities 105 or UEs 115 that support concurrent communications using carriers associated with multiple carrier bandwidths. In some examples, each served UE 115 may be configured for operating using portions (e.g., a sub-band, a BWP) or all of a carrier bandwidth.
[0071] Signal waveforms transmitted via a carrier may be made up of multiple subcarriers (e.g., using multi-carrier modulation (MCM) techniques such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM) ) . In a system employing MCM techniques, a resource element may refer to resources of one symbol period (e.g., a duration of one modulation symbol) and one subcarrier, in which case the symbol period and subcarrier spacing may be inversely related. The quantity of bits carried by each resource element may depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the coding rate of the modulation scheme, or both) , such that a relatively higher quantity of resource elements (e.g., in a transmission duration) and a relatively higher order of a modulation scheme may correspond to a relatively higher rate of communication. A wireless communications resource may refer to a combination of an RF spectrum resource, a time resource, and a spatial resource (e.g., a spatial layer, a beam) , and the use of multiple spatial resources may increase the data rate or data integrity for communications with a UE 115.
[0072] One or more numerologies for a carrier may be supported, and a numerology may include a subcarrier spacing (Δf) and a cyclic prefix. A carrier may be divided into one or more BWPs having the same or different numerologies. In some examples, a UE 115 may be configured with multiple BWPs. In some examples, a single BWP for a carrier may be active at a given time and communications for the UE 115 may be restricted to one or more active BWPs.
[0073] The time intervals for the network entities 105 or the UEs 115 may be expressed in multiples of a basic time unit which may, for example, refer to a sampling period of Ts=1 / (Δfmax·Nf) seconds, for which Δfmax may represent a supported subcarrier spacing, and Nf may represent a supported discrete Fourier transform (DFT) size. Time intervals of a communications resource may be organized according to radio frames each having a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms) ) . Each radio frame may be identified by a system frame number (SFN) (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023) .
[0074] Each frame may include multiple consecutively-numbered subframes or slots, and each subframe or slot may have the same duration. In some examples, a frame may be divided (e.g., in the time domain) into subframes, and each subframe may be further divided into a quantity of slots. Alternatively, each frame may include a variable quantity of slots, and the quantity of slots may depend on subcarrier spacing. Each slot may include a quantity of symbol periods (e.g., depending on the length of the cyclic prefix prepended to each symbol period) . In some wireless communications systems, such as the wireless communications system 100, a slot may further be divided into multiple mini-slots associated with one or more symbols. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each symbol period may be associated with one or more (e.g., Nf) sampling periods. The duration of a symbol period may depend on the subcarrier spacing or frequency band of operation.
[0075] A subframe, a slot, a mini-slot, or a symbol may be the smallest scheduling unit (e.g., in the time domain) of the wireless communications system 100 and may be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI) . In some examples, the TTI duration (e.g., a quantity of symbol periods in a TTI) may be variable. Additionally, or alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communications system 100 may be dynamically selected (e.g., in bursts of shortened TTIs (sTTIs) ) .
[0076] Physical channels may be multiplexed for communication using a carrier according to various techniques. A physical control channel and a physical data channel may be multiplexed for signaling via a downlink carrier, for example, using one or more of time division multiplexing (TDM) techniques, frequency division multiplexing (FDM) techniques, or hybrid TDM-FDM techniques. A control region (e.g., a control resource set (CORESET) ) for a physical control channel may be defined by a set of symbol periods and may extend across the system bandwidth or a subset of the system bandwidth of the carrier. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESETs) may be configured for a set of the UEs 115. For example, one or more of the UEs 115 may monitor or search control regions for control information according to one or more search space sets, and each search space set may include one or multiple control channel candidates in one or more aggregation levels arranged in a cascaded manner. An aggregation level for a control channel candidate may refer to an amount of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs) ) associated with encoded information for a control information format having a given payload size. Search space sets may include common search space sets configured for sending control information to UEs 115 (e.g., one or more UEs) or may include UE-specific search space sets for sending control information to a UE 115 (e.g., a specific UE) .
[0077] A network entity 105 may provide communication coverage via one or more cells, for example a macro cell, a small cell, a hot spot, or other types of cells, or any combination thereof. The term “cell” may refer to a logical communication entity used for communication with a network entity 105 (e.g., using a carrier) and may be associated with an identifier for distinguishing neighboring cells (e.g., a physical cell identifier (PCID) , a virtual cell identifier (VCID) ) . In some examples, a cell also may refer to a coverage area 110 or a portion of a coverage area 110 (e.g., a sector) over which the logical communication entity operates. Such cells may range from smaller areas (e.g., a structure, a subset of structure) to larger areas depending on various factors such as the capabilities of the network entity 105. For example, a cell may be or include a building, a subset of a building, or exterior spaces between or overlapping with coverage areas 110, among other examples.
[0078] A macro cell generally covers a relatively large geographic area (e.g., several kilometers in radius) and may allow unrestricted access by the UEs 115 with service subscriptions with the network provider supporting the macro cell. A small cell may be associated with a network entity 105 operating with lower power (e.g., a base station 140 operating with lower power) relative to a macro cell, and a small cell may operate using the same or different (e.g., licensed, unlicensed) frequency bands as macro cells. Small cells may provide unrestricted access to the UEs 115 with service subscriptions with the network provider or may provide restricted access to the UEs 115 having an association with the small cell (e.g., the UEs 115 in a closed subscriber group (CSG) , the UEs 115 associated with users in a home or office) . A network entity 105 may support one or more cells and may also support communications via the one or more cells using one or multiple component carriers.
[0079] In some examples, a carrier may support multiple cells, and different cells may be configured according to different protocol types (e.g., MTC, narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) , enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) ) that may provide access for different types of devices.
[0080] In some examples, a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) may be movable and therefore provide communication coverage for a moving coverage area, such as the coverage area 110. In some examples, coverage areas 110 (e.g., different coverage areas) associated with different technologies may overlap, but the coverage areas 110 (e.g., different coverage areas) may be supported by the same network entity (e.g., a network entity 105) . In some other examples, overlapping coverage areas, such as a coverage area 110, associated with different technologies may be supported by different network entities (e.g., the network entities 105) . The wireless communications system 100 may include, for example, a heterogeneous network in which different types of the network entities 105 support communications for coverage areas 110 (e.g., different coverage areas) using the same or different RATs.
[0081] The wireless communications system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable communications or low-latency communications, or various combinations thereof. For example, the wireless communications system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC) . The UEs 115 may be designed to support ultra-reliable, low-latency, or critical functions. Ultra-reliable communications may include private communication or group communication and may be supported by one or more services such as push-to-talk, video, or data. Support for ultra-reliable, low-latency functions may include prioritization of services, and such services may be used for public safety or general commercial applications. The terms ultra-reliable, low-latency, and ultra-reliable low-latency may be used interchangeably herein.
[0082] In some examples, a UE 115 may be configured to support communicating directly with other UEs (e.g., one or more of the UEs 115) via a device-to-device (D2D) communication link, such as a D2D communication link 135 (e.g., in accordance with a peer-to-peer (P2P) , D2D, or sidelink protocol) . In some examples, one or more UEs 115 of a group that are performing D2D communications may be within the coverage area 110 of a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) , which may support aspects of such D2D communications being configured by (e.g., scheduled by) the network entity 105. In some examples, one or more UEs 115 of such a group may be outside the coverage area 110 of a network entity 105 or may be otherwise unable to or not configured to receive transmissions from a network entity 105. In some examples, groups of the UEs 115 communicating via D2D communications may support a one-to-many (1: M) system in which each UE 115 transmits to one or more of the UEs 115 in the group. In some examples, a network entity 105 may facilitate the scheduling of resources for D2D communications. In some other examples, D2D communications may be carried out between the UEs 115 without an involvement of a network entity 105.
[0083] The core network 130 may provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 130 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) or 5G core (5GC) , which may include at least one control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME) , an access and mobility management function (AMF) ) and at least one user plane entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW) , a Packet Data Network (PDN) gateway (P-GW) , or a user plane function (UPF) ) . The control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management for the UEs 115 served by the network entities 105 (e.g., base stations 140) associated with the core network 130. User IP packets may be transferred through the user plane entity, which may provide IP address allocation as well as other functions. The user plane entity may be connected to IP services 150 for one or more network operators. The IP services 150 may include access to the Internet, Intranet (s) , an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) , or a Packet-Switched Streaming Service.
[0084] The wireless communications system 100 may operate using one or more frequency bands, which may be in the range of 300 megahertz (MHz) to 300 gigahertz (GHz) . Generally, the region from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is known as the ultra-high frequency (UHF) region or decimeter band because the wavelengths range from approximately one decimeter to one meter in length. UHF waves may be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features, which may be referred to as clusters, but the waves may penetrate structures sufficiently for a macro cell to provide service to the UEs 115 located indoors. Communications using UHF waves may be associated with smaller antennas and shorter ranges (e.g., less than one hundred kilometers) compared to communications using the smaller frequencies and longer waves of the high frequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portion of the spectrum below 300 MHz.
[0085] The wireless communications system 100 may utilize both licensed and unlicensed RF spectrum bands. For example, the wireless communications system 100 may employ License Assisted Access (LAA) , LTE-Unlicensed (LTE-U) RAT, or NR technology using an unlicensed band such as the 5 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band. While operating using unlicensed RF spectrum bands, devices such as the network entities 105 and the UEs 115 may employ carrier sensing for collision detection and avoidance. In some examples, operations using unlicensed bands may be based on a carrier aggregation configuration in conjunction with component carriers operating using a licensed band (e.g., LAA) . Operations using unlicensed spectrum may include downlink transmissions, uplink transmissions, P2P transmissions, or D2D transmissions, among other examples.
[0086] A network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) or a UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas, which may be used to employ techniques such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications, or beamforming. The antennas of a network entity 105 or a UE 115 may be located within one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels, which may support MIMO operations or transmit or receive beamforming. For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located at an antenna assembly, such as an antenna tower. In some examples, antennas or antenna arrays associated with a network entity 105 may be located at diverse geographic locations. A network entity 105 may include an antenna array with a set of rows and columns of antenna ports that the network entity 105 may use to support beamforming of communications with a UE 115. Likewise, a UE 115 may include one or more antenna arrays that may support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally, or alternatively, an antenna panel may support RF beamforming for a signal transmitted via an antenna port.
[0087] The network entities 105 or the UEs 115 may use MIMO communications to exploit multipath signal propagation and increase spectral efficiency by transmitting or receiving multiple signals via different spatial layers. Such techniques may be referred to as spatial multiplexing. The multiple signals may, for example, be transmitted by the transmitting device via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Likewise, the multiple signals may be received by the receiving device via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Each of the multiple signals may be referred to as a separate spatial stream and may carry information associated with the same data stream (e.g., the same codeword) or different data streams (e.g., different codewords) . Different spatial layers may be associated with different antenna ports used for channel measurement and reporting. MIMO techniques include single-user MIMO (SU-MIMO) , for which multiple spatial layers are transmitted to the same receiving device, and multiple-user MIMO (MU-MIMO) , for which multiple spatial layers are transmitted to multiple devices.
[0088] Beamforming, which may also be referred to as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception, is a signal processing technique that may be used at a transmitting device or a receiving device (e.g., a network entity 105, a UE 115) to shape or steer an antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam, a receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting device and the receiving device. Beamforming may be achieved by combining the signals communicated via antenna elements of an antenna array such that some signals propagating along particular orientations with respect to an antenna array experience constructive interference while others experience destructive interference. The adjustment of signals communicated via the antenna elements may include a transmitting device or a receiving device applying amplitude offsets, phase offsets, or both to signals carried via the antenna elements associated with the device. The adjustments associated with each of the antenna elements may be defined by a beamforming weight set associated with a particular orientation (e.g., with respect to the antenna array of the transmitting device or receiving device, or with respect to some other orientation) .
[0089] A network entity 105 or a UE 115 may use beam sweeping techniques as part of beamforming operations. For example, a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) may use multiple antennas or antenna arrays (e.g., antenna panels) to conduct beamforming operations for directional communications with a UE 115. Some signals (e.g., synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) may be transmitted by a network entity 105 multiple times along different directions. For example, the network entity 105 may transmit a signal according to different beamforming weight sets associated with different directions of transmission. Transmissions along different beam directions may be used to identify (e.g., by a transmitting device, such as a network entity 105, or by a receiving device, such as a UE 115) a beam direction for later transmission or reception by the network entity 105.
[0090] Some signals, such as data signals associated with a particular receiving device, may be transmitted by a transmitting device (e.g., a network entity 105 or a UE 115) along a single beam direction (e.g., a direction associated with the receiving device, such as another network entity 105 or UE 115) . In some examples, the beam direction associated with transmissions along a single beam direction may be determined based on a signal that was transmitted along one or more beam directions. For example, a UE 115 may receive one or more of the signals transmitted by the network entity 105 along different directions and may report to the network entity 105 an indication of the signal that the UE 115 received with a highest signal quality or an otherwise acceptable signal quality.
[0091] In some examples, transmissions by a device (e.g., by a network entity 105 or a UE 115) may be performed using multiple beam directions, and the device may use a combination of digital precoding or beamforming to generate a combined beam for transmission (e.g., from a network entity 105 to a UE 115) . The UE 115 may report feedback that indicates precoding weights for one or more beam directions, and the feedback may correspond to a configured set of beams across a system bandwidth or one or more sub-bands. The network entity 105 may transmit a reference signal (e.g., a cell-specific reference signal (CRS) , a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) ) , which may be precoded or unprecoded. The UE 115 may provide feedback for beam selection, which may be a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) or codebook-based feedback (e.g., a multi-panel type codebook, a linear combination type codebook, a port selection type codebook) . Although these techniques are described with reference to signals transmitted along one or more directions by a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) , a UE 115 may employ similar techniques for transmitting signals multiple times along different directions (e.g., for identifying a beam direction for subsequent transmission or reception by the UE 115) or for transmitting a signal along a single direction (e.g., for transmitting data to a receiving device) .
[0092] A receiving device (e.g., a UE 115) may perform reception operations in accordance with multiple receive configurations (e.g., directional listening) when receiving various signals from a transmitting device (e.g., a network entity 105) , such as synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals. For example, a receiving device may perform reception in accordance with multiple receive directions by receiving via different antenna subarrays, by processing received signals according to different antenna subarrays, by receiving according to different receive beamforming weight sets (e.g., different directional listening weight sets) applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of an antenna array, or by processing received signals according to different receive beamforming weight sets applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of an antenna array, any of which may be referred to as “listening” according to different receive configurations or receive directions. In some examples, a receiving device may use a single receive configuration to receive along a single beam direction (e.g., when receiving a data signal) . The single receive configuration may be aligned along a beam direction determined based on listening according to different receive configuration directions (e.g., a beam direction determined to have a highest signal strength, highest signal-to- noise ratio (SNR) , or otherwise acceptable signal quality based on listening according to multiple beam directions) .
[0093] The UEs 115 and the network entities 105 may support retransmissions of data to increase the likelihood that data is received successfully. Hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) feedback is one technique for increasing the likelihood that data is received correctly via a communication link (e.g., the communication link (s) 125, a D2D communication link 135) . HARQ may include a combination of error detection (e.g., using a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) ) , forward error correction (FEC) , and retransmission (e.g., automatic repeat request (ARQ) ) . HARQ may improve throughput at the MAC layer in relatively poor radio conditions (e.g., low signal-to-noise conditions) . In some examples, a device may support same-slot HARQ feedback, in which case the device may provide HARQ feedback in a specific slot for data received via a previous symbol in the slot. In some other examples, the device may provide HARQ feedback in a subsequent slot, or according to some other time interval.
[0094] In some wireless communications systems, communication beams may be monitored for changes in link quality and for beam failure. In some implementations, an uplink beam may be monitored for link quality and beam failure. Beam failure detection and recovery procedures may be dependent on a type of cell (e.g., PCell, PSCell, SCell) and a quantity of TRPs or antenna panels.
[0095] In some implementations, beam failure recovery may be performed at UE 115 for a primary serving cell (e.g., PCell / PSCell) via a random access channel (RACH) based process. For example, beam failure detection may be based on periodic CSI-RS resources configured by an RRC parameter (e.g., failureDetectionResources (q0) ) . There may be up to two reference signals for a single port. In some cases, a network entity 105 may not configure the periodic CSI-RS resources and one or more reference signal sets may be indicated by active transmission configuration indicator (TCI) states of CORESETs monitored by the UE 115. In some cases, an active TCI state of a CORESET may indicate two reference signal indices, and one reference signal may be used, which may be associated with an identifier or parameter (e.g., QCL-TypeD) . In some cases, the physical layer of the UE 115 may assess the link quality (e.g., radio link quality) according to the reference signal set provided or maintained for beam failure detection based on whether a link quality satisfies a threshold (e.g., Qout, link quality threshold) . In some cases, the link quality may not satisfy the threshold for one or more reference signals in the set and an indication of the failure to satisfy the threshold may be provided to higher layers in the UE 115.
[0096] In some cases, after detecting beam failure, the UE 115 may perform candidate beam detection. Candidate beam detection may be based on periodic CSI-RS or synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) that may be configured by an RRC parameter (e.g., candidateBeamRSList) . There may be up to sixteen resources with a corresponding random access resource (e.g., ra-preamble-index) for a RACH. In some cases, a higher layer at the UE 115 may request candidate beam information and the UE 115 may provide, to the higher layers, a reference signal index and an indication of a reference signal received power (RSRP) for the candidate beams among a list of candidate beams that may have an RSRP that may satisfy a threshold (e.g., Qin, configurable threshold) . The UE 115 may initiate random access procedures, which may be contention-free, based on the random access resource, which may be associated with a selected reference signal index (e.g., RS index qnew) with an RSRP that may satisfy the threshold.
[0097] In some cases, the UE 115 may monitor for a downlink control information (DCI) with a specific format in a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) in a search space set that may be provided or indicated by an index (e.g., recovery SearchSpaceID) . The UE 115 may monitor the physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) and may detect the DCI format with a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) that may be scrambled by a cell radio network temporary identifier (C-RNTI) or modulation and coding scheme (MCS) C-RNTI, where the PDCCH monitoring may begin at a specific slot (e.g., slot n+4) . The DCI may include a random access response, or a beam failure recovery response. The UE 115 may receive the PDCCH within a window, and the beam failure recovery may be completed. In some cases, the CORESET associated with the search space set provided by the index may not be used for any other search space set. After a RACH procedure may be complete, there may be associated quasi co-location (QCL) parameters and assumptions. For example, the UE 115 may assume that the QCL parameters associated with a selected reference signal index (e.g., RS index qnew) may be used by the UE 115 for monitoring a PDCCH in a search space set that may be indicated by an identifier (e.g., recoverySearchSpaceID) . The UE 115 may assume the QCL parameters may be used or may be the same until the UE 115 may receive, from higher layers, an activation for a TCI state or another parameter associated with a TCI state (e.g., TCI-StatesPDCCH-ToAddlist, TCI-StatesPDCCH-ToReleaseList) . In some examples, the UE 115 may assume that the QCL parameters associated with the selected reference signal index (e.g., RS index qnew) for PDCCH monitoring in a CORESET with an index (e.g., an index 0) may be used after a quantity of symbols (e.g., 28 symbols) from the last symbol of a PDCCH reception in a search space set that may be indicated by an identifier (e.g., recoverySearchSpaceID) . The PDCCH reception may include the UE 115 detecting the DCI format with CRC scrambled by C-RNTI or MCS-C-RNTI.
[0098] In some implementations, the UE 115 may perform beam failure recovery for a secondary cell (e.g., SCell) . In some cases, beam failure detection may be the same or similar to beam failure detection for a primary cell, but now may be performed on a secondary cell. In some cases, when beam failure is detected for a secondary cell, the UE 115 may send a link recovery request (LRR) to a primary cell or on a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) associated with the secondary cell (e.g., PUCCH-SCell) . When the network entity 105 may configure or provide parameters for an uplink (e.g., PUCCH) beam failure recovery, the LRR may be configured or may be used similarly to a scheduling request (SR) and may use a PUCCH format (e.g., PUCCH format 0, PUCCH format 1) . In response to the LRR, an uplink grant with C-RNTI or MCS-C-RNTI may be transmitted to the UE 115. The uplink grant may schedule a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) in which a beam failure recovery media access control –control element (BFR MAC-CE) may be transmitted to a cell (e.g., PCell, SCell) configured or provided with PUCCH beam failure recovery procedures (e.g., PUCCH-BFR) . In some cases, the UE 115 may already have an uplink grant and may not transmit an LRR or receive an uplink grant in response to the LRR.
[0099] In some cases, before sending the BFR MAC-CE, the UE 115 may identify a new beam for the failed secondary cell. Candidate beam detection to determine the new beam may be performed similarly to candidate beam detection in the primary cell, but may now be for the secondary cell. In the case of the secondary cell, there may be up to 64 resources for candidate beam detection (e.g., candidateBeamRSSCellList) , which may be transmitted on a failed secondary cell or on another component carrier in the same band as the failed secondary cell. Because the UE 115 may not use a RACH procedure for beam failure recovery at a secondary cell, the resources may not be associated with RACH resources. For example, in some cases, the BFR MAC-CE may be sent on any cell, including the failed secondary cell.
[0100] In some cases, the response to the BFR MAC-CE may be an uplink grant to schedule a transmission (with a toggled new data indicator (NDI) ) for a HARQ process that may be the same as the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) carrying the BFR MAC-CE. If a new beam is reported in the BFR MAC-CE, the UE 115 may reset all CORESET beams on the failed secondary cell to the new beam after a quantity of symbols (e.g., 28 symbols) from the end of the beam failure recovery response (e.g., the end of the PDCCH) . In some cases, if the failed secondary cell is configured with a PUCCH (e.g., PUCCH-SCell) , spatial information (e.g., PUCCH-spatialRelationInfo) for the new beam or the PUCCH may be configured or provided and if LRR is not transmitted on the failed secondary cell, PUCCH beams on the failed secondary cell may be reset to the new beam.
[0101] In some implementations, beam failure recovery may occur per-antenna panel or per-TRP. A per-TRP or per-antenna panel beam failure recovery may be similar to an LRR for a secondary cell. For example, instead of sending beam failure information, such as LRRs, over different cells, it may be sent through different TRPs or antenna panels (e.g., TRPs or antenna panels that may have not failed) . In some cases, per-TRP failure recovery may be used for multi-DCI (mDCI) multi-TRP (mTRP) scenarios or for single DCI (sDCI) mTRP scenarios. In a multi-DCI scenario, the wireless communications system 100 may support both implicit and explicit beam failure detection reference signal sets for each TRP or antenna panel. The UE 115 may support a threshold quantity (e.g., maximum) of beam failure detection reference signals for a set of reference signals, which may be dependent on a capability of the UE 115. Per-TRP and per-antenna panel beam failure recovery may support contention-based random access (CBRA) procedures at least when all beam failure detection reference signal sets may fail in a secondary cell (e.g., SPCell) . In some cases, the wireless communications system 100 may support simultaneous configuration of cell-specific and TRP-specific or antenna panel-specific beam failure recovery in different component carriers.
[0102] Beam failure recovery in a per-TRP scenario may be an iterative process that may occur multiple times for different antenna panels or TRPs in a cell. That is, beam failure detection may be performed per antenna panel or per TRP in an mTRP system (e.g., beam failure detection resources (q0, 0, q0, 1) ) , where reference signals sets (e.g., NBI-RS set 0, BFD-RS set 0) , counts, and timers may be provided as per-TRP or per-antenna panel. In some cases, the network entity 105 may configure up to two beam failure detection reference signal sets. In other cases, the network entity 105-a may not configure beam failure detection reference signal sets and the beam failure detection reference signal set (e.g., k) may be determined or derived based on a quantity (e.g., X) of TCI states of CORESETS with specific CORESET pool indices (e.g., CORESETPoolIndex = k) . To perform beam failure recovery, the UE 115 may send a BFRQ to a cell (e.g., PCell) that may be configured or provided a beam failure recovery PUCCH (e.g., PUCCH-BFR) . The network entity 105 may configure or provide up to two PUCCH beam failure recovery resources per PUCCH group. In some cases, two PUCCH beam failure recovery resources may be provided and each may be associated with one or more antenna panels or TRPs. For example, in a wireless communications system 100 with two TRPs, a PUCCH beam failure recovery resource associated with a TRP may be used to send beam failure recovery messages for the associated TRP. In some cases, if one PUCCH beam failure recovery resource is provided, the resource may be shared between the TRPs or antenna panels.
[0103] After a network entity 105 or a cell receives a beam failure recovery message or BFRQ, the cell or the network entity 105 may provide an uplink grant to the UE 115. The uplink grant may be a MAC-CE and may be similar to the provided BFR MAC-CE for the secondary cell beam failure recovery procedure. The UE 115 may use the resources from the uplink grant to send a BFR MAC-CE to the cell or the network entity 105. The BFR MAC-CE may carry a BFRQ for all the TRPs or antenna panels in all component carriers in a cell group. In some cases, the BFR MAC-CE may include indices of failed beam failure detection reference signal sets, which may be an indication of a failed TRP link, indices of component carriers that may contain a failed TRP link, an indicator that may indicate whether a new candidate beam is identified in the NBI-RS set associated with the failed beam failure detection reference signal set, a resource indicator representing a new candidate beam if one or more are identified, or any combination thereof.
[0104] In response to the BFR MAC-CE, the network entity 105 or the cell may send a beam failure recovery response similar to the response sent for a secondary cell beam failure recovery procedure. In some cases, the response may be an uplink grant that may schedule a new transmission for the HARQ ID that may be associated with the PUSCH carrying the BFR MAC-CE. After receiving the beam failure recovery response, the UE 115 may reset the beam to an indicated new beam. In an mDCI system, the UE 115 may reset the beams a quantity of symbols (e.g., 28 symbols) after receiving the beam failure recovery response. The beams of all CORESETs associated with the CORESET pool index of a failed TRP may be reset to the corresponding reported new candidate beam. This process may be repeated for any failed TRPs or when a new beam fails.
[0105] In some implementations, the UE 115 may use a downlink reference signal as a proxy reference signal for an uplink beam to perform uplink beam failure recovery procedures, such as through RACH, LRR, or per-TRP and per-antenna panel procedures. However, a downlink proxy reference signal may not reflect transmission power limitations that may affect beam quality (e.g., maximum power extrapolation (MPE) , power headroom, uplink / downlink radio mismatches) . For example, a determination of link quality for a downlink beam using a downlink reference signal may not reflect the uplink beam quality. Further, in some implementations (e.g., mTRP UEs 115, uplink / downlink radio mismatches) , an uplink beam and a downlink beam may be decoupled or may not be the same beam. For example, a downlink proxy reference signal may not be associated with an uplink beam of interest. In some cases, the UE 115 may initiate beam failure recovery processes based on estimated uplink metrics and preferred uplink configurations (e.g., beams, panels, antennas) . However, the UE 115 may not accurately estimate uplink metrics without information from the network entity because uplink beam quality may rely on conditions at the network entity 105.
[0106] In some implementations, the UE 115 may estimate an uplink beam quality based on a proxy downlink reference signal and, if the uplink beam quality estimate fails to satisfy a provided uplink link quality threshold, the UE may transmit a BFRQ For example, the network entity 105 may transmit control signaling indicating one or more link quality thresholds for uplink beams. The one or more link quality thresholds may be beam specific, or may apply to a group of component carriers or bandwidth parts. In some implementations, the control signaling may include an indication of resources to monitor for downlink reference signals. In some implementations, the UE 115 may request specific resources at which to monitor for downlink reference signals. The UE 115 may receive one or more downlink reference signals and may measure the reference signal received power (RSRP) of the one or more downlink reference signals. The UE 115 may calculate an uplink quality estimate based on the RSRP of the one or more downlink reference signals and a transmission power parameter at the UE (e.g., maximum transmission power) . If the uplink quality estimate fails to satisfy the uplink link quality threshold indicated by the network entity, the UE 115 may initiate a beam failure recovery procedure. That is, the UE 115 may transmit a BFRQ to the network entity.
[0107] FIG. 2 shows an example of a wireless communications system 200 that supports uplink beam failure recovery using downlink monitoring in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, aspects of the wireless communications system 200 may implement, or be implemented by, aspects of the wireless communications system 100. For example, the wireless communications system 200 may include a UE 115-a and a network entity 105-a, which may be examples of the corresponding devices as described herein, including with reference to FIG. 1. The techniques described in the context of the wireless communications system 200 may support the implementation of an uplink beam failure recovery process at the UE 115-a using downlink reference signals and link quality thresholds provided by the network entity 105-a.
[0108] In wireless communications system 200, the network entity 105-a and the UE 115-a may communicate via one or more beam pairs. For example, the UE 115-a may transmit uplink signaling via a first beam pair (e.g., an uplink beam pair, such as beam 205 and beam 215) , and may receive downlink signaling via a second beam pair (e.g., a downlink beam pair, such as beam 210 and 220, That is, the UE 115-a may transmit signaling on an uplink beam, such as a beam 215, and the network entity 105-a may receive or obtain the signaling at a corresponding beam 205. Beam 205 and beam 215 may form a beam pair, which may be utilized for uplink signaling. Additionally, or alternatively, the network entity 105-a may transmit or output signaling on a downlink beam, such as a beam 210, and the UE 115-a may receive the signaling at a corresponding beam 220. Beam 210 and beam 220 may form a beam pair, which may be utilized for downlink signaling.
[0109] In some implementations, the network entity 105-a may contain one or more antenna panels 225 (e.g., antennas, receivers) . In some cases, the antenna panels 225 may function as individual entities or TRPs. In some implementations, the UE 115-a may support multiple antenna panels 230 (e.g., antennas, receivers) . In some cases, the antenna panels 230 may function as individual entities or TRPs. In some examples, the network entity 105-a may communicate with multiple UEs 115. In some examples, the network entity 105-a may be an example of a first TRP. In some examples, the UE 115-a may communicate with multiple TRPs in an mTRP deployment (e.g., in which case, the UE 115-a may communicate with one TRP via a first beam pair and with another TRP via another beam pair) . In some implementations, the network entity 105-a and the UE 115-a may be capable of supporting different beams (e.g., beams 205 and 210, or beams 220 and 215, respectively) as a result of including one or more antenna panels 225 and, additionally, or alternatively, one or more antenna panels 230, respectively.
[0110] In some implementations, the UE 115-a and the network entity 105-a may monitor the beams or beam pairs, such as uplink beams (e.g., beam 215) or beam pairs utilized for uplink signaling (e.g., beam 205 and beam 215) , for link quality, changes in link quality, and beam failure. In some implementations, to monitor an uplink channel (e.g., or uplink beam pairs such as the beam 215 and the beam 205, and corresponding uplink beam quality or link quality, the network entity 105-a may receive sounding reference signals (SRSs) from UEs 115 in a serving cell and may monitor the uplink beams (e.g., beam 205) via the SRSs. However, receiving SRSs regularly and from many UEs 115 may be associated with high signaling overhead, among other disadvantages. In cases with UEs 115, TRPs, or antenna panels 230 that may be uplink-only (e.g., uplink-only mTRP deployments) , SRS monitoring at the network entity 105-a may be the most viable or appropriate option for monitoring uplink beam quality.
[0111] However, some wireless communications systems 200 may support UEs 115, TRPs, or antenna panels 230 that may support downlink and uplink communication. In some cases, a beam 210 at the network entity 105-a may be coupled with a beam 220 at the UE 115-a. In some implementations, the UE 115-a may support uplink and downlink communication and, to reduce signaling overhead, among other advantages, the UE 115-a may monitor a downlink proxy reference signal sent via a downlink beam pair (e.g., beam 210 and beam 220) to detect changes to the quality of an uplink beam 220. For example, the network entity 105-a may send one or more downlink reference signals via downlink beam 210 and the UE 115-a may receive the one or more downlink reference signals via beam 220. The UE 115-a may estimate an uplink beam quality for the uplink beam 220 based on receiving the one or more downlink reference signals. Such measurements may rely on a correspondence between uplink and downlink beams.
[0112] In some implementations, the one or more downlink reference signals may not reflect transmission power limitations at the UE 115-a or the network entity 105-a that may affect beam quality (e.g., maximum power extrapolation (MPE) , power headroom, uplink / downlink radio mismatches) . That is, in some examples, a preferred downlink beam 210 may not correspond to a preferred uplink beam 215. For example, in some cases, uplink signaling and downlink signaling may be decoupled, in which case an uplink beam pair (e.g., beam 215 and beam 205) may not be the same as or may not correspond to a downlink beam pair (e.g., beam 210 and beam 220) . For example, the UE 115-a may transmit signaling via beam 215, and may receive signaling via beam 220. However, in some examples (e.g., due to MPE) , the preferred downlink beam 210 (e.g., the best available downlink beam 210) may not be suitable for uplink signaling (e.g., the uplink beam 215 may not be associated with the best downlink beam 210) . That is, in some cases, the UE 115-a may not support or may not be able to use the one or more downlink reference signals on a downlink beam 205 for uplink beam failure detection. For example, the UE 115-a may not support a configuration of a proxy downlink beam for uplink beam failure detection.
[0113] In some implementations, the UE 115-a may be able to determine if uplink beams (e.g., beam 215) , antenna panels 230, or antennas may be preferred based on an estimated uplink metric. However, the UE 115-a may not support or may not be provided with a beam failure recovery mechanism for uplink beam failure that may be initiated by the UE 115-a. Further, the UE 115-a may not accurately estimate uplink metrics without information provided by the network entity 105-a because uplink beam quality may also rely on conditions at the network entity 105-a. For example, the UE 115-a may rely on some assistance or configuration information from the network entity 105-a because an uplink beam quality may be dependent on an implementation at the network entity 105-a, conditions at the network entity 105-a, or other factors.
[0114] In some implementations, the UE 115-a may detect beam failure and initiate a beam failure recovery process for an uplink beam 215, which may be associated with better or more efficient utilization of network resources and reduced signaling overhead. For example, the network entity 105-a may not schedule uplink reference signals, such as SRSs, which may be associated with reduced signaling overhead. Further, in some cases, existing downlink references signal (e.g., SSBs, CSI-RS) transmissions may be provided or reused for uplink beam failure recovery with, in some cases, additional parameters configured for different deployments (e.g., mTRP) .
[0115] In some implementations, the UE 115-a may have multiple antenna panels 230 and a network entity may have multiple antenna panels 225 (e.g., antennas, receivers) . The UE 115-a may be configured or provided with downlink reference signals for each antenna panel 230, or for each TRP, to monitor an uplink beam 215 or determine a link quality (e.g., beam quality) for an uplink beam 215. In some implementations, the UE 115-a may calculate an uplink quality estimate based on the RSRP of the downlink reference signal and a transmission power parameter (e.g., a threshold transmission power, such as a maximum transmission power) . For example, the UE 115-a may determine the link quality and determine if the link quality satisfies a threshold as defined in the following Equation 1: P (b) -PLoss (b) <ConfigThreshold (1)
[0116] P (b) may indicate an implicit maximum power extrapolation (MPE) parameter, where b may indicate a beam, and P (b) may indicate the threshold (e.g., maximum) power permissible for the beam, such as an uplink beam 215. PLoss (b) may refer to an RSRP parameter for the beam, which may be determined based on the difference between a reference signal power (e.g., RefSigPwr) and an RSRP for a beam (e.g., L1RSRP (b) ) based on an RSRP measurement of the downlink reference signal. That is, the RSRP parameter may be determined by RefSigPwr-L1RSRP (b) . In some cases, the difference between the threshold permissible power, P (b) , and the RSRP parameter, PLoss(b) , may be represent uplink beam quality estimate (e.g., link quality estimate) at the UE 115-a. The uplink beam quality estimate may satisfy (e.g., be less than) a threshold that may be configured by the network entity 105-a (e.g., ConfigThreshold) . The threshold may be a function of the PUCCH receiver performance at the network entity 105-a, which may be beam specific or receive beam specific. If the uplink beam quality estimate fails to satisfy the provided or configured uplink link quality threshold, the UE 115-a may transmit an uplink BFRQ. Thus, the UE may be configured with the threshold value (e.g., the ConfigThreshold) , and may perform measurements on one or more reference signals and may calculate the RSRP parameter (e.g., PLoss (b) ) . If the difference between the MPE parameter and the RSRP parameter is less than the configured threshold value, then the UE may initiate transmission of the BFRQ.
[0117] In some cases, the UE may perform the measurements via one or more reference signal resources for the UE 115-a. In some examples, the reference signals may be based on or may correspond to an uplink TCI state. For example, a downlink reference signal utilized by the UE for the measurements may be a CSI-RS resource that may be configured with repetition, a tracking reference signal (TRS) , or an SSB associated with the same or different physical cell identity (PCI) , or a same or different TCI as a configured uplink TCI state. Additionally, or alternatively, a reference signal may be an SRS resource where the usage may be set for beam management (e.g., set as beamManagement) . That is, uplink reference signals (e.g., SRS resources) may be configured, but the network may indicate to the UE that the configured resources are for beam management (e.g., by setting a usage indicator to indicate that the SRS resources are allocated for beam management) . In such examples, the UE 115-a may monitor for and receive reference signals and may perform measurements to determine whether RSRP measurements satisfy the threshold.
[0118] FIG. 3 shows an example of a process flow 300 that supports uplink beam failure recovery using downlink monitoring in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The process flow 300 may implement, or be implemented to, realize aspects of the wireless communications system 100 and the wireless communications system 200. For example, the process flow 300 illustrates communication between a UE 115 and a network entity 105, which may be examples of corresponding devices described herein, including with reference to FIGs. 1 and 2. The techniques described in the context of the process flow 300 may enable the UE 115-b to perform an uplink beam failure recovery by measuring downlink reference signals and receiving link quality thresholds provided by the network entity 105-b.
[0119] In some implementations, at 305, the UE 115-b may receive, from the network entity 105-b, a request to report a quantity of preferred uplink TCI states. For example, the network entity 105-a may poll or request for the UE 115-b to report a quantity (e.g., K) of preferred uplink TCI states for uplink transmission. In some cases, the network entity 105-b may use the preferred uplink TCI states to configure or provide downlink reference signals for the UE 115-b to monitor (e.g., at 310 or, additionally, or alternatively, at 325) . The value of the quantity of preferred uplink TCI states (e.g., K) may be configured or signaled by the network entity 105-b. In some cases, the signaling may be related to beam management for uplink communication. The quantity of preferred uplink TCI states to report (e.g., K) may be based on a configuration, the request from the network entity 105-b, or both.
[0120] The UE 115-b may report the preferred uplink TCI states in a message (e.g., in response to the request received at 305) , as part of an uplink BFRQ, as described at 345, or as part of a BFR MAC-CE, which may be part of the uplink BFRQ or may be a different message, as described at 355. That is, in some cases, the network entity 105-b may utilize the report of the preferred uplink TCI states to aid in uplink beam failure procedures and beam management procedures (e.g., at 360) , such as configuring or providing an uplink TCI state for uplink transmissions to the UE 115-b based on the preferred uplink TCI states. In some examples, the network entity 105-b may request preferred uplink TCI states, and the UE may report back (e.g., at 320 or via other signaling) preferred TCI states. The value of K (e.g., a quantity of preferred uplink TCI states) may be configured or signaled by the network entity 105-b. In some cases, one or more preferred uplink TCI states of the preferred uplink TCI states may be configured, provided, or indicated with an SRS as at least one of the one or more reference signals and the UE 115-a may report the corresponding SRS resources’ downlink reference signal ID (e.g., SSB-ID, SSBRI, CRI) to the network entity 105-a to implicitly or indirectly indicate the one or more preferred uplink TCI states.
[0121] In some implementations, the report (e.g., responsive to the request for K preferred uplink TCI states) may include channel resource indicators (CRIs) associated with one or more downlink reference signals that may serve as a reference signal (e.g., source reference signal) for the uplink TCI states. This report may differ from a beam management report and may include CRIs or SSB reference indicators (SSBRIs) and may not include associated layer (e.g., L1) metrics.
[0122] In some implementations, the UE 115-a may report the preferred uplink TCI states in an order or with an order indicated based on the preference. For example, the preference may be indicated implicitly based on the order in which the quantity of uplink TCI state IDs may be reported. That is, a TCI state ID that may be reported first or in an earlier order (e.g., i-th order) may be of a higher preference (e.g., more preferred) than one reported later or in a later order (e.g., (i+1) -th order) . In some cases, the TCI state ID that may be reported later may be of higher preference. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 115-a may indicate a preference order based on some metric (e.g., L1 metric) , which may be reported with an identifier (e.g., CRI, SSBRI, SSB-ID) . For example, the UE 115-a may calculate, measure, or determine a filtered RSRP for a reference signal, where the filter may scale a measured downlink RSRP based on uplink parameters (e.g., uplink transmission power, power headroom) . In some cases, the uplink parameters may be up to an implementation or configuration at the UE 115-a. The preference order of the uplink TCI states may be indicated based on an order of the reported metric. For example, the highest metric, such as the highest filtered RSRP, may be the most preferred downlink reference signal, and the preference order may be indicated in decreasing order of the reported metric. In some cases, the preference order may be indicated in increasing order of the reported metric.
[0123] In some implementations, at 310, the UE 115-b may receive an indication of one or more resources to monitor for one or more downlink reference signals. That is, in some implementations, the network entity 105-b or a TRP in a wireless communications system may provide an explicit configuration or indication of the one or more downlink reference signals for uplink monitoring for each antenna panel at the UE 115-a (e.g., a monitoring configuration) . In some cases, the indication may be based on or associated with the reported preferred uplink TCI states, as discussed at 305. In some cases, the indication may be part of control signaling indicating thresholds for the one or more downlink reference signals, as described at 325. In some cases, the provided one or more downlink reference signals for uplink beam monitoring may be different from a set of downlink reference signals (e.g., which may be referred to or indicated as q0, q0, 0, q0, 1, or similar reference signal indexes, which may be instances of beam failure detection resources that may be defined per-antenna panel or per-TRP) that may be used for downlink control link monitoring or downlink beam monitoring. In some examples, the one or more downlink reference signals provided for uplink beam monitoring may be configured or provided during a beam failure detection configuration (e.g., a downlink beam failure configuration) . In other examples, the one or more downlink reference signals provided for uplink beam monitoring may be configured or provided separately from a downlink beam failure detection configuration. For example, a single configuration (e.g., a single control message or set of control messages) may indicate both reference signals for uplink beam failure detection and downlink beam failure detection, or a first configuration (e.g., a first control message or set of control messages) may indicate reference signals for uplink beam failure detection, and a second configuration (e.g., a second control message or set of control messages) may indicate reference signals for downlink beam failure detection.
[0124] In some cases, a downlink reference signal (e.g., a proxy reference signal) may serve as a source QCL reference signal for uplink TCI states. In other cases, a downlink reference signal may serve as a source QCL reference signal for an SRS, which may serve as an uplink TCI source. In some cases, the threshold value (e.g., ConfigThreshold) for may correspond to a component carrier or bandwidth part, or to a group of component carriers. The threshold value may be per reference signal, or may be common for a component carrier, bandwidth part, or group of component carriers. In some examples, the configuration may also be per component carrier, bandwidth prat, or per group of component carriers. The grouping of the configuration may be explicitly configured or provided by the network entity 105-a, or the UE 115-b may determine the grouping based on a simultaneous TCI state update component carrier list.
[0125] In some implementations, an association between a downlink reference signal and a link quality threshold, as described at 325, may be based on an ordering of entries in a configuration sequence (e.g., respective configuration sequence entries) . In some cases, the monitoring configuration for the UE 115-b may include an equation that may be standardized, such as Equation 1, as described with reference to FIG. 2. Additionally, or alternatively, the monitoring configuration for the UE 115-b may include a counter restraint (e.g., requirement) that may relate to a quantity of times a criteria or threshold may be met, and a timer during which the counter restraint may be met. In some cases, a monitoring configuration may be indicated or referred to with an identifier in the configuration for the one or more downlink reference signals associated with uplink monitoring, which may be indicated or configured via control signaling (e.g., RRC signaling) , as described at 325. In some cases, the monitoring configuration may be separately indicated via the control signaling or may be multicast to multiple UEs 115. In some cases, the monitoring configuration may be implicitly specified or indicated, such as through conventional or standardized procedures, and may not be explicitly signaled via the control signaling.
[0126] In some implementations, at 315, the UE 115-b may receive control signaling (e.g., second control signaling) allocating resources for transmitting a request for one or more link quality thresholds for one or more downlink reference signals, as described further at 310. That is, the UE 115-b may receive, from the network entity 105-b, an uplink grant for transmitting the request. For example, the UE 115-b may be configured or provided with antenna panel or port specific uplink resources for the UE 115-b to transmit the request. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 115-b may be configured or provided with dedicated uplink resources (e.g., SR resources) to transmit the request.
[0127] In some implementations, at 320, the UE 115-b may transmit, to the network entity 105-b, the request for the one or more link quality thresholds for one or more downlink reference signals. For example, in some implementations, the UE 115-b may determine one or more downlink reference signals to monitor for determining uplink beam quality and may request information, such as the one or more link quality thresholds, from the network entity 105-b to facilitate the uplink beam quality determinations. In some cases, the UE 115-b may determine the one or more downlink reference signals based on CRIs or SSBRIs that may be the same values as reference signal indexes that may be configured or indicated by uplink TCI state IDs. In some cases, the UE 115-b may select the one or more downlink reference signals to monitor based on the one or more downlink reference signals being receivable with a distinct antenna panel or port at the UE 115-b. After determining the one or more downlink reference signals, the UE 115-b may request a configuration for monitoring uplink beams or CSI performance using the one or more downlink reference signals at the antenna panels or receivers of the UE 115-b. In some cases, the UE 115-b may indicate the one or more downlink reference signals in the request and the indicated one or more downlink reference signals may correspond to the one or more TCI state IDs. In some examples, the request may include a request for a periodic transmission of one or more downlink reference signals, described further at 330, within a measurement duration. That is, the request may include a request for periodic transmission of the one or more downlink reference signals within a measurement duration and, additionally, or alternatively, a request for the one or more link quality thresholds for each downlink reference signal that may be used for uplink monitoring.
[0128] In some implementations, the request, as described at 310, may be transmitted in accordance with receiving the control signaling allocating resources for transmitting the request, as described at 305. For example, the UE 115-b may be configured with antenna panel or port specific uplink resources or with dedicated uplink resources (e.g., SR resources) to transmit the request. In some implementations, the UE 115-b may multiplex the request with an uplink transmission, where transmission of the request may be based on the multiplexing. That is, there may be no explicit resource configured by the network entity 105-b for the UE 115-b to use to transmit the request, but the UE 115-b may multiplex the request with ongoing uplink transmissions. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 115-b may request a grant (e.g., SR-based grant) for sending the request, and the control signaling allocating resources, as described at 310, may be in response to the UE 115-b requesting a grant.
[0129] At 325, the UE 115-b may receive control signaling indicating one or more link quality thresholds associated with uplink beam failure detection. In some cases, the control signaling may include the indication or any component of the indication, as described at 310. In some cases, receiving the control signaling at the UE 115-b may include receiving a first control message comprising the one or more link quality thresholds associated with the uplink beam failure detection, and a set of one or more parameters associated with downlink beam failure detection. For example, the one or more downlink reference signals provided for uplink beam monitoring may be configured or provided via a downlink beam failure detection configuration (e.g., a conventional beam failure configuration) . For example, in some implementations, the control signaling may include a configuration or information element (IE) that may also provide parameters and information for a downlink beam failure detection procedure. For example, a beam failure detection configuration may specify one or more downlink reference signals to monitor for uplink beam failure detection (e.g., failureDetectionSet-UL1, failureDetectionSet-UL1, BeamFailureDetectionSetUL) . Additionally, or alternatively, a beam failure detection configuration may specify proxy reference signals for monitoring an uplink beam (e.g., BeamLinkMonitoringProxyRS-UL) based on an identifier or resource (e.g., beamLinkMonitoringRS-Id-UL, detectionResource-UL, ssb-Index, csi-RS index, NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceID) . Additionally, or alternatively, a beam failure detection configuration may include a configured threshold for uplink beam monitoring (e.g., ConfigThreshold-UL) indicated by a value identifier (e.g., Value-ID) , which may be a range of numbers (e.g., 0 to one less than a maximum (e.g., maxNrofConfigThreshold-UL) ) . Additionally, or alternatively, a beam failure detection configuration may include a monitoring configuration (e.g., MonitoringConfig-UL) , as described at 310, indicated by a criteria identifier (e.g., Criteria-Id) , which may be a range of numbers (e.g., 0 to one less than a maximum (e.g., maxNrofMonitoringCriteria-UL) . In some implementations, the control signaling may include any of the parameters indicated in the beam failure detection configuration.
[0130] In some cases, receiving the control signaling at the UE 115-b may include receiving a first control message including the one or more link quality thresholds associated with the uplink beam failure detection, and receiving a second control message comprising a set of one or more parameters associated with downlink beam failure detection. For example, the one or more downlink reference signals provided for uplink beam monitoring may be configured or provided separately from a conventional beam failure detection configuration.
[0131] In some examples, the one or more link quality thresholds may correspond to a component carrier, a group of component carriers, a bandwidth part, or any combination thereof. That is, a link quality threshold of the one or more link quality thresholds (e.g., threshold values) may correspond to a downlink reference signal, or may be common to a component carrier or bandwidth part, or to a group of component carriers. In some cases, the UE 115-b may receive the control signaling in accordance with the request for the one or more link quality thresholds for the one or more downlink reference signals, as described at 310. In some cases, the one or more link quality thresholds may be associated with uplink demodulation for the UE 115-a monitoring of uplink beam quality.
[0132] In some cases, the one or more link quality thresholds may correspond to or may be associated with signal to interference noise ratio (SINR) conditions (e.g., meeting conditions) for processing (e.g., PUCCH demodulation) at the network entity 105-a. In some examples, the one or more link quality thresholds may vary dynamically or spatially based on the correspondence to the SINR conditions. In other cases, the one or more link quality thresholds may be based on a predetermined set of values that may be specified, indicated, or standardized. In some examples, the set of values may be indicated or specified based on parameters, such as a step size, an initial or minimum value, an offset, a final or maximum value, or similar parameters. In other examples, the network entity 105-a may indicate a value identifier or an actual value in an explicit configuration that may be associated with a predetermined or specified value for a link quality threshold.
[0133] At 330, the UE 115-b may receive one or more downlink reference signals. In some cases, the UE 115-b may receive the one or more downlink reference signals based on receiving the indication of one or more resources to monitor, as described at 310. In some cases, the one or more downlink reference signals may be received in accordance with receiving the control signaling at 325. In some cases, the UE 115-b may receive the one or more downlink reference signals in accordance with the request for the one or more link quality thresholds for the one or more downlink reference signals, as described at 320. In some cases, the one or more downlink reference signals may be received in accordance with the request for preferred uplink TCI states, as described at 305. In some cases, the one or more downlink reference signals may include one or more SSBs, one or more CSI-RSs, one or more TRSs, or any combination thereof.
[0134] In some implementations, at 335, the UE 115-b may receive, from the network entity 105-b, control signaling (e.g., second control signaling) including an uplink grant of uplink resources for uplink control information, a BFR MAC-CE, an SR, a random access message, an uplink shared channel transmission, or any combination thereof. That is, the UE 115-a may be provided or configured with resources to transmit an uplink BFRQ, as described at 345.
[0135] In some implementations, at 340, the UE 115-b may perform a beam quality measurement (e.g., uplink beam quality estimate) . In some cases, the beam quality estimate may be associated with a received power (e.g., RSRP) of the one or more downlink reference signals and is associated with a maximum transmission power corresponding to an uplink beam associated with the uplink beam quality estimate, as described further with reference to FIG. 2.
[0136] At 345, the UE 115-b may transmit, to the network entity 105-b, an uplink BFRQ in accordance with an uplink beam quality estimate, as described at 340, corresponding to the one or more downlink reference signals failing to satisfy a link quality threshold of the one or more link quality thresholds. In some cases, the uplink BFRQ may be an LRR. In some cases (e.g., downlink beam failure) , a BFRQ or an LRR may be the first message sent by the UE 115-b when beam failure is detected. In some implementations, PUCCH resources may be configured to send an uplink BFRQ. In some implementations, RACH resources may be used to send LRR for primary cell downlink BFR. In some cases, the uplink beam may be failing and the UE 115-b may be configured to transmit per-antenna panel or per-TRP uplink BFRQ to initiate an uplink beam change if the UE 115-b detects a beam quality deterioration based on monitoring the one or more downlink reference signals, as described at 340. In some cases, the transmission of the uplink BFRQ may occur via the granted uplink resources, as described at 335. For example, the uplink BFRQ may be a dedicated UCI that may be appended with a HARQ transmission to indicate beam failure. Additionally, or alternatively, the uplink BFRQ may be an uplink BFR MAC-CE that may be transmitted on an existing uplink grant, and may be described further at 355. In other cases, the UE 115-b may not be provided an uplink grant to use to send the uplink BFRQ. Instead, the UE 115-b may use a SR resource for downlink BFR, which may be for a specific antenna panel or TRP, and may use a BFR MAC-CE (e.g., which may also be used for downlink BFR) for uplink BFR. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 115-b may use dedicated SR resources, which may be per-antenna panel or TRP, to transmit the uplink BFRQ, where the dedicated SR resources may be different from those used for the downlink BFR. In other cases, the UE 115-b may transmit the uplink BFRQ using RACH resources configured for uplink beam failure recovery or via a PUSCH transmission on a secondary cell (e.g., SCell) , which may be an example of transmitting an LRR using another available carrier.
[0137] In some cases, the UE 115-b may transmit, via the uplink BFRQ, a report indicating the quantity of the preferred uplink TCI states, as described at 335. In some examples, the uplink BFRQ may include a cell identifier associated with an uplink beam failure detection event, one or more reference signal identifiers corresponding to the uplink beam quality estimate, or any combination thereof. For example, the uplink BFRQ may include, when the uplink BFRQ may be transmitted by another carrier, a cell ID associated with an uplink beam failure detection event, a reference signal ID for which the uplink beam failure detection event was detected, and, additionally, or alternatively, any other uplink BFR MAC-CE contents, as described further at 355. In some cases, the uplink BFRQ may be a BFR MAC-CE, as described at 355.
[0138] In some implementations, at 350, the UE 115-b may receive, from the network entity 105-b, a downlink signal corresponding to a beam failure recovery procedure based on transmitting the uplink BFRQ, the downlink signal including an uplink grant for transmitting beam failure recovery information, a random access response message, a polling message for the beam failure recovery information, a DCI message requesting the beam failure recovery information or indicating a TCI state switch, or any combination thereof. That is, the network entity 105-a may send, in response to a downlink signal, an uplink grant that may facilitate (e.g., conventional uplink grant) or may be for transmission of a BFR MAC-CE, as described at 355, which may include new or candidate uplink beam information. Additionally, or alternatively, the network entity 105-a may send a random access response that may schedule an uplink transmission using a parameter or resource (e.g., qnew) used for RACH transmission. Additionally, or alternatively, the network entity 105-a may send a downlink DCI that may switch an uplink TCI state to a new TCI state that may be different than the TCI state that may be associated with the uplink BFRQ. That is, the network entity 105-b may indicate for the UE 115-b to switch to a new beam for uplink communication. In some cases, the downlink DCI that may switch the uplink TCI state may be based on an implementation at the network entity 105-b or on information at the network entity 105-b (e.g., artificial intelligence (AI) or machine learning (ML) based, based on past UE reports, based on similar UE reports, or other information) . Additionally, or alternatively, the network entity 105-a may send a downlink signal that may poll the UE 115-b for a preferred uplink TCI state, such as described at 305. In some cases, the downlink signal that may poll the UE 115-b for a preferred uplink TCI state may be based on a DCI transmission that may trigger a UE 115-b to transmit a CSI report (e.g., an aperiodic (AP) CSI report) to a network entity 105-b that may indicate a preferred one or more uplink TCI states along with some uplink metrics.
[0139] In some implementations, at 355, the UE 115-b may transmit an uplink message including the beam failure recovery information in accordance with the downlink signal, as described at 350. In some cases, the uplink message may be an uplink BFR MAC-CE and may include preferred uplink TCI ID information. For example, the BFR MAC-CE may include indices of failed reference signals, component carriers, or bandwidth part IDs of a link (e.g., antenna panel link or TRP link) monitored via the one or more downlink reference signals. In some cases, this information may be split between the BFR MAC-CE and the uplink BFRQ, as described at 345. In some cases, the uplink BFRQ, as described at 345, may be the BFR MAC-CE. In some examples, the network entity 105-a may provide or may have provided an uplink grant for the UE 115-b to transmit the BFR MAC-CE and the UE 115-b may transmit the BFR MAC-CE with the uplink grant. In some cases, the UE 115-b may include buffer status reports, priority bits for uplink TCI states (e.g., 11 may correspond to a most preferred TCI state and 00 may correspond to a least preferred TCI state) , power headroom (PHR) information, or other metrics or parameters in the uplink message. In some cases, the UE 115-b may include measured RSRPs or estimated uplink RSRPs for the one or more downlink reference signals that may have triggered an uplink beam failure recovery process and uplink beam switching. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 115-b may indicate a switching latency for switching from the current uplink TCI state to a preferred TCI ID.
[0140] In some implementations, at 360, the UE 115-b may receive, from the network entity 105-b, a message indicating an uplink TCI state in response to the uplink BFRQ, as described at 345. For example, the network entity 105-a may respond to receiving the uplink message (e.g., BFR MAC-CE) , as described at 345 and 355, by sending a message. In some cases, the message may include or may be a PDCCH transmission in a search space that may have been configured or provided by the network entity 105-b via a DCI format with CRC scrambled with C-RNTI or MCS-C-RNTI. Additionally, or alternatively, the message may include or may be a DCI transmission that may indicate a new uplink TCI state based on the report from the UE 115-a, as described at 310, or the uplink message from the UE 115-a, as described at 355. Additionally, or alternatively, the message may include or may be an SRS resource transmission request that may be transmitted using any of the preferred uplink TCI states that the UE 115-b may have indicated in the report, as described at 310, or the uplink message from the UE 115-a, as described at 355. In some implementations, the message may include or may be a configuration of a new one or more downlink reference signal parameters and, additionally, or alternatively, associated link quality thresholds (e.g., threshold parameters) .
[0141] FIG. 4 shows a block diagram 400 of a device 405 that supports uplink beam failure recovery using downlink monitoring in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 405 may be an example of aspects of a UE 115 as described herein. The device 405 may include a receiver 410, a transmitter 415, and a communications manager 420. The device 405, or one or more components of the device 405 (e.g., the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, the communications manager 420) , may include at least one processor, which may be coupled with at least one memory, to, individually or collectively, support or enable the described techniques. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .
[0142] The receiver 410 may provide a means for receiving information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to uplink beam failure recovery using downlink monitoring) . Information may be passed on to other components of the device 405. The receiver 410 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.
[0143] The transmitter 415 may provide a means for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device 405. For example, the transmitter 415 may transmit information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to uplink beam failure recovery using downlink monitoring) . In some examples, the transmitter 415 may be co-located with a receiver 410 in a transceiver module. The transmitter 415 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.
[0144] The communications manager 420, the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or various combinations or components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of uplink beam failure recovery using downlink monitoring as described herein. For example, the communications manager 420, the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or various combinations or components thereof may be capable of performing one or more of the functions described herein.
[0145] In some examples, the communications manager 420, the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communications management circuitry) . The hardware may include at least one of a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , a central processing unit (CPU) , an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a microcontroller, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some examples, at least one processor and at least one memory coupled with the at least one processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., by one or more processors, individually or collectively, executing instructions stored in the at least one memory) .
[0146] Additionally, or alternatively, the communications manager 420, the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code (e.g., as communications management software) executed by at least one processor (e.g., referred to as a processor-executable code) . If implemented in code executed by at least one processor, the functions of the communications manager 420, the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a graphics processing unit (GPU) , a neural processing unit (NPU) , an ASIC, an FPGA, a microcontroller, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices (e.g., configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure) .
[0147] In some examples, the communications manager 420 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or both. For example, the communications manager 420 may receive information from the receiver 410, send information to the transmitter 415, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.
[0148] The communications manager 420 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 420 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving control signaling indicating one or more link quality thresholds associated with uplink beam failure detection. The communications manager 420 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving one or more downlink reference signals. The communications manager 420 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting an uplink BFRQ in accordance with an uplink beam quality estimate corresponding to the one or more downlink reference signals failing to satisfy a link quality threshold of the one or more link quality thresholds.
[0149] By including or configuring the communications manager 420 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 405 (e.g., at least one processor controlling or otherwise coupled with the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, the communications manager 420, or a combination thereof) may support techniques for reduced processing, reduced power consumption, reduced signaling overhead, and more efficient utilization of communication resources.
[0150] FIG. 5 shows a block diagram 500 of a device 505 that supports uplink beam failure recovery using downlink monitoring in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 505 may be an example of aspects of a device 405 or a UE 115 as described herein. The device 505 may include a receiver 510, a transmitter 515, and a communications manager 520. The device 505, or one or more components of the device 505 (e.g., the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, the communications manager 520) , may include at least one processor, which may be coupled with at least one memory, to support the described techniques. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .
[0151] The receiver 510 may provide a means for receiving information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to uplink beam failure recovery using downlink monitoring) . Information may be passed on to other components of the device 505. The receiver 510 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.
[0152] The transmitter 515 may provide a means for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device 505. For example, the transmitter 515 may transmit information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to uplink beam failure recovery using downlink monitoring) . In some examples, the transmitter 515 may be co-located with a receiver 510 in a transceiver module. The transmitter 515 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.
[0153] The device 505, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of uplink beam failure recovery using downlink monitoring as described herein. For example, the communications manager 520 may include a control signaling manager 525, a downlink reference signal manager 530, an uplink BFRQ manager 535, or any combination thereof. The communications manager 520 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 420 as described herein. In some examples, the communications manager 520, or various components thereof, may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or both. For example, the communications manager 520 may receive information from the receiver 510, send information to the transmitter 515, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.
[0154] The communications manager 520 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The control signaling manager 525 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving control signaling indicating one or more link quality thresholds associated with uplink beam failure detection. The downlink reference signal manager 530 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving one or more downlink reference signals. The uplink BFRQ manager 535 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting an uplink BFRQ in accordance with an uplink beam quality estimate corresponding to the one or more downlink reference signals failing to satisfy a link quality threshold of the one or more link quality thresholds.
[0155] FIG. 6 shows a block diagram 600 of a communications manager 620 that supports uplink beam failure recovery using downlink monitoring in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The communications manager 620 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 420, a communications manager 520, or both, as described herein. The communications manager 620, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of uplink beam failure recovery using downlink monitoring as described herein. For example, the communications manager 620 may include a control signaling manager 625, a downlink reference signal manager 630, an uplink BFRQ manager 635, a resource indication manager 640, a request manager 645, a downlink signal manager 650, an uplink message manager 655, a TCI state manager 660, a multiplexing component 665, or any combination thereof. Each of these components, or components or subcomponents thereof (e.g., one or more processors, one or more memories) , may communicate, directly or indirectly, with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .
[0156] The communications manager 620 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The control signaling manager 625 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving control signaling indicating one or more link quality thresholds associated with uplink beam failure detection. The downlink reference signal manager 630 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving one or more downlink reference signals. The uplink BFRQ manager 635 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting an uplink BFRQ in accordance with an uplink beam quality estimate corresponding to the one or more downlink reference signals failing to satisfy a link quality threshold of the one or more link quality thresholds.
[0157] In some examples, the resource indication manager 640 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving an indication of one or more resources to monitor for the one or more downlink reference signals.
[0158] In some examples, to support receiving the control signaling, the control signaling manager 625 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving a first control message including the one or more link quality thresholds associated with the uplink beam failure detection, and a set of one or more parameters associated with downlink beam failure detection.
[0159] In some examples, to support receiving the control signaling, the control signaling manager 625 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving a first control message including the one or more link quality thresholds associated with the uplink beam failure detection. In some examples, to support receiving the control signaling, the control signaling manager 625 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving a second control message including a set of one or more parameters associated with downlink beam failure detection.
[0160] In some examples, the one or more link quality thresholds correspond to a component carrier, a group of component carriers, a bandwidth part, or any combination thereof.
[0161] In some examples, the request manager 645 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting a request for the one or more link quality thresholds for the one or more downlink reference signals, where the one or more downlink reference signals are received in accordance with the request.
[0162] In some examples, the one or more downlink reference signals in the request correspond to one or more uplink TCI state identifications.
[0163] In some examples, the control signaling manager 625 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving second control signaling allocating resources for transmitting the request, where the request is transmitted via the allocated resources.
[0164] In some examples, the multiplexing component 665 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for multiplexing the request with an uplink transmission, where transmission of the request is based on the multiplexing.
[0165] In some examples, the request includes a request for a periodic transmission of the one or more downlink reference signals within a measurement duration.
[0166] In some examples, the control signaling manager 625 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving second control signaling including an uplink grant of uplink resources for uplink control information, a BFR MAC-CE, an SR, a random access message, an uplink shared channel transmission, or any combination thereof, where transmission of the uplink BFRQ occurs via the granted uplink resources.
[0167] In some examples, the downlink signal manager 650 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving a downlink signal corresponding to a beam failure recovery procedure based on transmitting the uplink BFRQ, the downlink signal including an uplink grant for transmitting beam failure recovery information, a random access response message, a polling message for the beam failure recovery information, a DCI message requesting the beam failure recovery information or indicating a TCI state switch, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the uplink message manager 655 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting an uplink message including the beam failure recovery information in accordance with the downlink signal.
[0168] In some examples, the request manager 645 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving a request to report a quantity of preferred uplink TCI states. In some examples, the uplink BFRQ manager 635 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting, via the uplink BFRQ, a report indicating the quantity of the preferred uplink TCI states.
[0169] In some examples, the TCI state manager 660 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving a message indicating an uplink TCI state in response to the uplink BFRQ.
[0170] In some examples, the uplink BFRQ includes a cell identifier associated with an uplink beam failure detection event, one or more reference signal identifiers corresponding to the uplink beam quality estimate, or any combination thereof.
[0171] In some examples, the one or more downlink reference signals include an SSB, a CSI-RS, or a TRS.
[0172] In some examples, the uplink beam quality estimate is associated with a received power of the one or more downlink reference signals and is associated with a maximum transmission power corresponding to an uplink beam associated with the uplink beam quality estimate.
[0173] FIG. 7 shows a diagram of a system 700 including a device 705 that supports uplink beam failure recovery using downlink monitoring in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 705 may be an example of or include components of a device 405, a device 505, or a UE 115 as described herein. The device 705 may communicate (e.g., wirelessly) with one or more other devices (e.g., network entities 105, UEs 115, or a combination thereof) . The device 705 may include components for bi-directional voice and data communications including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a communications manager 720, an input / output (I / O) controller, such as an I / O controller 710, a transceiver 715, one or more antennas 725, at least one memory 730, code 735, and at least one processor 740. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more buses (e.g., a bus 745) .
[0174] The I / O controller 710 may manage input and output signals for the device 705. The I / O controller 710 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the device 705. In some cases, the I / O controller 710 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral. In some cases, the I / O controller 710 may utilize an operating system such as or another known operating system. Additionally, or alternatively, the I / O controller 710 may represent or interact with a modem, a keyboard, a mouse, a touchscreen, or a similar device. In some cases, the I / O controller 710 may be implemented as part of one or more processors, such as the at least one processor 740. In some cases, a user may interact with the device 705 via the I / O controller 710 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 710.
[0175] In some cases, the device 705 may include a single antenna. However, in some other cases, the device 705 may have more than one antenna, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. The transceiver 715 may communicate bi-directionally via the one or more antennas 725 using wired or wireless links as described herein. For example, the transceiver 715 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 715 may also include a modem to modulate the packets, to provide the modulated packets to one or more antennas 725 for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the one or more antennas 725. The transceiver 715, or the transceiver 715 and one or more antennas 725, may be an example of a transmitter 415, a transmitter 515, a receiver 410, a receiver 510, or any combination thereof or component thereof, as described herein.
[0176] The at least one memory 730 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM) . The at least one memory 730 may store computer-readable, computer-executable, or processor-executable code, such as the code 735. The code 735 may include instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor 740, cause the device 705 to perform various functions described herein. The code 735 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, the code 735 may not be directly executable by the at least one processor 740 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. In some cases, the at least one memory 730 may include, among other things, a basic I / O system (BIOS) which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.
[0177] The at least one processor 740 may include one or more intelligent hardware devices (e.g., one or more general-purpose processors, one or more DSPs, one or more CPUs, one or more GPUs, one or more NPUs (also referred to as neural network processors or deep learning processors (DLPs) ) , one or more microcontrollers, one or more ASICs, one or more FPGAs, one or more programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic, one or more discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof) . In some cases, the at least one processor 740 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, a memory controller may be integrated into the at least one processor 740. The at least one processor 740 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the at least one memory 730) to cause the device 705 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting uplink beam failure recovery using downlink monitoring) . For example, the device 705 or a component of the device 705 may include at least one processor 740 and at least one memory 730 coupled with or to the at least one processor 740, the at least one processor 740 and the at least one memory 730 configured to perform various functions described herein.
[0178] In some examples, the at least one processor 740 may include multiple processors and the at least one memory 730 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions described herein. In some examples, the at least one processor 740 may be a component of a processing system, which may refer to a system (such as a series) of machines, circuitry (including, for example, one or both of processor circuitry (which may include the at least one processor 740) and memory circuitry (which may include the at least one memory 730) ) , or components, that receives or obtains inputs and processes the inputs to produce, generate, or obtain a set of outputs. The processing system may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein. For example, the at least one processor 740 or a processing system including the at least one processor 740 may be configured to, configurable to, or operable to cause the device 705 to perform one or more of the functions described herein. Further, as described herein, being “configured to, ” being “configurable to, ” and being “operable to” may be used interchangeably and may be associated with a capability, when executing code 735 (e.g., processor-executable code) stored in the at least one memory 730 or otherwise, to perform one or more of the functions described herein.
[0179] The communications manager 720 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 720 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving control signaling indicating one or more link quality thresholds associated with uplink beam failure detection. The communications manager 720 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving one or more downlink reference signals. The communications manager 720 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting an uplink BFRQ in accordance with an uplink beam quality estimate corresponding to the one or more downlink reference signals failing to satisfy a link quality threshold of the one or more link quality thresholds.
[0180] By including or configuring the communications manager 720 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 705 may support techniques for reduced latency, more efficient utilization of communication resources, improved coordination between devices, and improved utilization of processing capability.
[0181] In some examples, the communications manager 720 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the transceiver 715, the one or more antennas 725, or any combination thereof. Although the communications manager 720 is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communications manager 720 may be supported by or performed by the at least one processor 740, the at least one memory 730, the code 735, or any combination thereof. For example, the code 735 may include instructions executable by the at least one processor 740 to cause the device 705 to perform various aspects of uplink beam failure recovery using downlink monitoring as described herein, or the at least one processor 740 and the at least one memory 730 may be otherwise configured to, individually or collectively, perform or support such operations.
[0182] FIG. 8 shows a block diagram 800 of a device 805 that supports uplink beam failure recovery using downlink monitoring in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 805 may be an example of aspects of a network entity 105 as described herein. The device 805 may include a receiver 810, a transmitter 815, and a communications manager 820. The device 805, or one or more components of the device 805 (e.g., the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, the communications manager 820) , may include at least one processor, which may be coupled with at least one memory, to, individually or collectively, support or enable the described techniques. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .
[0183] The receiver 810 may provide a means for obtaining (e.g., receiving, determining, identifying) information such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units) associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack) . Information may be passed on to other components of the device 805. In some examples, the receiver 810 may support obtaining information by receiving signals via one or more antennas. Additionally, or alternatively, the receiver 810 may support obtaining information by receiving signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof.
[0184] The transmitter 815 may provide a means for outputting (e.g., transmitting, providing, conveying, sending) information generated by other components of the device 805. For example, the transmitter 815 may output information such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units) associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack) . In some examples, the transmitter 815 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more antennas. Additionally, or alternatively, the transmitter 815 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the transmitter 815 and the receiver 810 may be co-located in a transceiver, which may include or be coupled with a modem.
[0185] The communications manager 820, the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or various combinations or components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of uplink beam failure recovery using downlink monitoring as described herein. For example, the communications manager 820, the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or various combinations or components thereof may be capable of performing one or more of the functions described herein.
[0186] In some examples, the communications manager 820, the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communications management circuitry) . The hardware may include at least one of a processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, a microcontroller, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some examples, at least one processor and at least one memory coupled with the at least one processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., by one or more processors, individually or collectively, executing instructions stored in the at least one memory) .
[0187] Additionally, or alternatively, the communications manager 820, the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code (e.g., as communications management software) executed by at least one processor (e.g., referred to as a processor-executable code) . If implemented in code executed by at least one processor, the functions of the communications manager 820, the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a GPU, an NPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, a microcontroller, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices (e.g., configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure) .
[0188] In some examples, the communications manager 820 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or both. For example, the communications manager 820 may receive information from the receiver 810, send information to the transmitter 815, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.
[0189] The communications manager 820 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 820 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for outputting control signaling indicating one or more link quality thresholds associated with uplink beam failure detection. The communications manager 820 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for outputting one or more downlink reference signals. The communications manager 820 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for obtaining an uplink BFRQ based on outputting the control signaling indicating the one or more link quality thresholds and outputting the one or more downlink reference signals.
[0190] By including or configuring the communications manager 820 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 805 (e.g., at least one processor controlling or otherwise coupled with the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, the communications manager 820, or a combination thereof) may support techniques for reduced processing, reduced power consumption, reduced signaling overhead, and more efficient utilization of communication resources.
[0191] FIG. 9 shows a block diagram 900 of a device 905 that supports uplink beam failure recovery using downlink monitoring in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 905 may be an example of aspects of a device 805 or a network entity 105 as described herein. The device 905 may include a receiver 910, a transmitter 915, and a communications manager 920. The device 905, or one or more components of the device 905 (e.g., the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, the communications manager 920) , may include at least one processor, which may be coupled with at least one memory, to support the described techniques. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .
[0192] The receiver 910 may provide a means for obtaining (e.g., receiving, determining, identifying) information such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units) associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack) . Information may be passed on to other components of the device 905. In some examples, the receiver 910 may support obtaining information by receiving signals via one or more antennas. Additionally, or alternatively, the receiver 910 may support obtaining information by receiving signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof.
[0193] The transmitter 915 may provide a means for outputting (e.g., transmitting, providing, conveying, sending) information generated by other components of the device 905. For example, the transmitter 915 may output information such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units) associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack) . In some examples, the transmitter 915 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more antennas. Additionally, or alternatively, the transmitter 915 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the transmitter 915 and the receiver 910 may be co-located in a transceiver, which may include or be coupled with a modem.
[0194] The device 905, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of uplink beam failure recovery using downlink monitoring as described herein. For example, the communications manager 920 may include a control signaling manager 925, a downlink reference signal manager 930, an BFRQ manager 935, or any combination thereof. The communications manager 920 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 820 as described herein. In some examples, the communications manager 920, or various components thereof, may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, or both. For example, the communications manager 920 may receive information from the receiver 910, send information to the transmitter 915, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.
[0195] The communications manager 920 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The control signaling manager 925 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for outputting control signaling indicating one or more link quality thresholds associated with uplink beam failure detection. The downlink reference signal manager 930 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for outputting one or more downlink reference signals. The BFRQ manager 935 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for obtaining an uplink BFRQ based on outputting the control signaling indicating the one or more link quality thresholds and outputting the one or more downlink reference signals.
[0196] FIG. 10 shows a block diagram 1000 of a communications manager 1020 that supports uplink beam failure recovery using downlink monitoring in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The communications manager 1020 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 820, a communications manager 920, or both, as described herein. The communications manager 1020, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of uplink beam failure recovery using downlink monitoring as described herein. For example, the communications manager 1020 may include a control signaling manager 1025, a downlink reference signal manager 1030, an BFRQ manager 1035, a resource indication manager 1040, a request manager 1045, a downlink signal manager 1050, an uplink message manager 1055, a TCI state manager 1060, or any combination thereof. Each of these components, or components or subcomponents thereof (e.g., one or more processors, one or more memories) , may communicate, directly or indirectly, with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) . The communications may include communications within a protocol layer of a protocol stack, communications associated with a logical channel of a protocol stack (e.g., between protocol layers of a protocol stack, within a device, component, or virtualized component associated with a network entity 105, between devices, components, or virtualized components associated with a network entity 105) , or any combination thereof.
[0197] The communications manager 1020 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The control signaling manager 1025 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for outputting control signaling indicating one or more link quality thresholds associated with uplink beam failure detection. The downlink reference signal manager 1030 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for outputting one or more downlink reference signals. The BFRQ manager 1035 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for obtaining an uplink BFRQ based on outputting the control signaling indicating the one or more link quality thresholds and outputting the one or more downlink reference signals.
[0198] In some examples, the resource indication manager 1040 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for outputting an indication of one or more resources to monitor for the one or more downlink reference signals.
[0199] In some examples, to support outputting the control signaling, the control signaling manager 1025 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for outputting a first control message including the one or more link quality thresholds associated with the uplink beam failure detection, and a set of one or more parameters associated with downlink beam failure detection.
[0200] In some examples, to support outputting the control signaling, the control signaling manager 1025 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for outputting a first control message including the one or more link quality thresholds associated with the uplink beam failure detection. In some examples, to support outputting the control signaling, the control signaling manager 1025 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving a second control message including a set of one or more parameters associated with downlink beam failure detection.
[0201] In some examples, the one or more link quality thresholds correspond to a component carrier, a group of component carriers, a bandwidth part, or any combination thereof.
[0202] In some examples, the request manager 1045 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for obtaining a request for the one or more link quality thresholds for the one or more downlink reference signals, where the one or more downlink reference signals are received in accordance with the request.
[0203] In some examples, the control signaling manager 1025 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for outputting second control signaling including an uplink grant of uplink resources for uplink control information, a BFR MAC-CE, an SR, a random access message, an uplink shared channel transmission, or any combination thereof, where transmission of the uplink BFRQ occurs via the granted uplink resources.
[0204] In some examples, the downlink signal manager 1050 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for outputting a downlink signal corresponding to a beam failure recovery procedure based on transmitting the uplink BFRQ, the downlink signal including an uplink grant for transmitting beam failure recovery information, a random access response message, a polling message for the beam failure recovery information, a DCI message requesting the beam failure recovery information or indicating a TCI state switch, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the uplink message manager 1055 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for obtaining an uplink message including the beam failure recovery information in accordance with the downlink signal.
[0205] In some examples, the request manager 1045 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for outputting a request to report a quantity of preferred uplink TCI states. In some examples, the BFRQ manager 1035 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for obtaining, via the uplink BFRQ, a report indicating the quantity of the preferred uplink TCI states.
[0206] In some examples, the TCI state manager 1060 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for outputting a message indicating an uplink TCI state in response to the uplink BFRQ.
[0207] In some examples, the one or more downlink reference signals include an SSB, a CSI-RS, or a TRS.
[0208] FIG. 11 shows a diagram of a system 1100 including a device 1105 that supports uplink beam failure recovery using downlink monitoring in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1105 may be an example of or include components of a device 805, a device 905, or a network entity 105 as described herein. The device 1105 may communicate with other network devices or network equipment such as one or more of the network entities 105, UEs 115, or any combination thereof. The communications may include communications over one or more wired interfaces, over one or more wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. The device 1105 may include components that support outputting and obtaining communications, such as a communications manager 1120, a transceiver 1110, one or more antennas 1115, at least one memory 1125, code 1130, and at least one processor 1135. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more buses (e.g., a bus 1140) .
[0209] The transceiver 1110 may support bi-directional communications via wired links, wireless links, or both as described herein. In some examples, the transceiver 1110 may include a wired transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wired transceiver. Additionally, or alternatively, in some examples, the transceiver 1110 may include a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. In some examples, the device 1105 may include one or more antennas 1115, which may be capable of transmitting or receiving wireless transmissions (e.g., concurrently) . The transceiver 1110 may also include a modem to modulate signals, to provide the modulated signals for transmission (e.g., by one or more antennas 1115, by a wired transmitter) , to receive modulated signals (e.g., from one or more antennas 1115, from a wired receiver) , and to demodulate signals. In some implementations, the transceiver 1110 may include one or more interfaces, such as one or more interfaces coupled with the one or more antennas 1115 that are configured to support various receiving or obtaining operations, or one or more interfaces coupled with the one or more antennas 1115 that are configured to support various transmitting or outputting operations, or a combination thereof. In some implementations, the transceiver 1110 may include or be configured for coupling with one or more processors or one or more memory components that are operable to perform or support operations based on received or obtained information or signals, or to generate information or other signals for transmission or other outputting, or any combination thereof. In some implementations, the transceiver 1110, or the transceiver 1110 and the one or more antennas 1115, or the transceiver 1110 and the one or more antennas 1115 and one or more processors or one or more memory components (e.g., the at least one processor 1135, the at least one memory 1125, or both) , may be included in a chip or chip assembly that is installed in the device 1105. In some examples, the transceiver 1110 may be operable to support communications via one or more communications links (e.g., communication link (s) 125, backhaul communication link (s) 120, a midhaul communication link 162, a fronthaul communication link 168) .
[0210] The at least one memory 1125 may include RAM, ROM, or any combination thereof. The at least one memory 1125 may store computer-readable, computer-executable, or processor-executable code, such as the code 1130. The code 1130 may include instructions that, when executed by one or more of the at least one processor 1135, cause the device 1105 to perform various functions described herein. The code 1130 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, the code 1130 may not be directly executable by a processor of the at least one processor 1135 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. In some cases, the at least one memory 1125 may include, among other things, a BIOS which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices. In some examples, the at least one processor 1135 may include multiple processors and the at least one memory 1125 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein (for example, as part of a processing system) .
[0211] The at least one processor 1135 may include one or more intelligent hardware devices (e.g., one or more general-purpose processors, one or more DSPs, one or more CPUs, one or more GPUs, one or more NPUs (also referred to as neural network processors or deep learning processors (DLPs) ) , one or more microcontrollers, one or more ASICs, one or more FPGAs, one or more programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic, one or more discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof) . In some cases, the at least one processor 1135 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, a memory controller may be integrated into one or more of the at least one processor 1135. The at least one processor 1135 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., one or more of the at least one memory 1125) to cause the device 1105 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting uplink beam failure recovery using downlink monitoring) . For example, the device 1105 or a component of the device 1105 may include at least one processor 1135 and at least one memory 1125 coupled with one or more of the at least one processor 1135, the at least one processor 1135 and the at least one memory 1125 configured to perform various functions described herein. The at least one processor 1135 may be an example of a cloud-computing platform (e.g., one or more physical nodes and supporting software such as operating systems, virtual machines, or container instances) that may host the functions (e.g., by executing code 1130) to perform the functions of the device 1105. The at least one processor 1135 may be any one or more suitable processors capable of executing scripts or instructions of one or more software programs stored in the device 1105 (such as within one or more of the at least one memory 1125) .
[0212] In some examples, the at least one processor 1135 may include multiple processors and the at least one memory 1125 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein. In some examples, the at least one processor 1135 may be a component of a processing system, which may refer to a system (such as a series) of machines, circuitry (including, for example, one or both of processor circuitry (which may include the at least one processor 1135) and memory circuitry (which may include the at least one memory 1125) ) , or components, that receives or obtains inputs and processes the inputs to produce, generate, or obtain a set of outputs. The processing system may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein. For example, the at least one processor 1135 or a processing system including the at least one processor 1135 may be configured to, configurable to, or operable to cause the device 1105 to perform one or more of the functions described herein. Further, as described herein, being “configured to, ” being “configurable to, ” and being “operable to”may be used interchangeably and may be associated with a capability, when executing code stored in the at least one memory 1125 or otherwise, to perform one or more of the functions described herein.
[0213] In some examples, a bus 1140 may support communications of (e.g., within) a protocol layer of a protocol stack. In some examples, a bus 1140 may support communications associated with a logical channel of a protocol stack (e.g., between protocol layers of a protocol stack) , which may include communications performed within a component of the device 1105, or between different components of the device 1105 that may be co-located or located in different locations (e.g., where the device 1105 may refer to a system in which one or more of the communications manager 1120, the transceiver 1110, the at least one memory 1125, the code 1130, and the at least one processor 1135 may be located in one of the different components or divided between different components) .
[0214] In some examples, the communications manager 1120 may manage aspects of communications with a core network 130 (e.g., via one or more wired or wireless backhaul links) . For example, the communications manager 1120 may manage the transfer of data communications for client devices, such as one or more UEs 115. In some examples, the communications manager 1120 may manage communications with one or more other network entities 105, and may include a controller or scheduler for controlling communications with UEs 115 (e.g., in cooperation with the one or more other network devices) . In some examples, the communications manager 1120 may support an X2 interface within an LTE / LTE-A wireless communications network technology to provide communication between network entities 105.
[0215] The communications manager 1120 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 1120 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for outputting control signaling indicating one or more link quality thresholds associated with uplink beam failure detection. The communications manager 1120 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for outputting one or more downlink reference signals. The communications manager 1120 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for obtaining an uplink BFRQ based on outputting the control signaling indicating the one or more link quality thresholds and outputting the one or more downlink reference signals.
[0216] By including or configuring the communications manager 1120 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 1105 may support techniques for reduced latency, more efficient utilization of communication resources, improved coordination between devices, and improved utilization of processing capability.
[0217] In some examples, the communications manager 1120 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the transceiver 1110, the one or more antennas 1115 (e.g., where applicable) , or any combination thereof. Although the communications manager 1120 is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communications manager 1120 may be supported by or performed by the transceiver 1110, one or more of the at least one processor 1135, one or more of the at least one memory 1125, the code 1130, or any combination thereof (for example, by a processing system including at least a portion of the at least one processor 1135, the at least one memory 1125, the code 1130, or any combination thereof) . For example, the code 1130 may include instructions executable by one or more of the at least one processor 1135 to cause the device 1105 to perform various aspects of uplink beam failure recovery using downlink monitoring as described herein, or the at least one processor 1135 and the at least one memory 1125 may be otherwise configured to, individually or collectively, perform or support such operations.
[0218] FIG. 12 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1200 that supports uplink beam failure recovery using downlink monitoring in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1200 may be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1200 may be performed by a UE 115 as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 7. In some examples, a UE may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0219] At 1205, the method may include receiving control signaling indicating one or more link quality thresholds associated with uplink beam failure detection. The operations of 1205 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1205 may be performed by a control signaling manager 625 as described with reference to FIG. 6.
[0220] At 1210, the method may include receiving one or more downlink reference signals. The operations of 1210 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1210 may be performed by a downlink reference signal manager 630 as described with reference to FIG. 6.
[0221] At 1215, the method may include transmitting an uplink BFRQ in accordance with an uplink beam quality estimate corresponding to the one or more downlink reference signals failing to satisfy a link quality threshold of the one or more link quality thresholds. The operations of 1215 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1215 may be performed by a uplink BFRQ manager 635 as described with reference to FIG. 6.
[0222] FIG. 13 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1300 that supports uplink beam failure recovery using downlink monitoring in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1300 may be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1300 may be performed by a UE 115 as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 7. In some examples, a UE may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0223] At 1305, the method may include transmitting a request for one or more link quality thresholds for one or more downlink reference signals. The operations of 1305 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1305 may be performed by a request manager 645 as described with reference to FIG. 6.
[0224] At 1310, the method may include receiving control signaling indicating the one or more link quality thresholds associated with uplink beam failure detection. The operations of 1310 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1310 may be performed by a control signaling manager 625 as described with reference to FIG. 6.
[0225] At 1315, the method may include receiving the one or more downlink reference signals, where the one or more downlink reference signals are received in accordance with the request. The operations of 1315 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1315 may be performed by a downlink reference signal manager 630 as described with reference to FIG. 6.
[0226] At 1320, the method may include transmitting an uplink BFRQ in accordance with an uplink beam quality estimate corresponding to the one or more downlink reference signals failing to satisfy a link quality threshold of the one or more link quality thresholds. The operations of 1320 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1320 may be performed by an uplink BFRQ manager 635 as described with reference to FIG. 6.
[0227] FIG. 14 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1400 that supports uplink beam failure recovery using downlink monitoring in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1400 may be implemented by a network entity or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1400 may be performed by a network entity as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 3 and 8 through 11. In some examples, a network entity may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the network entity to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the network entity may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0228] At 1405, the method may include outputting control signaling indicating one or more link quality thresholds associated with uplink beam failure detection. The operations of 1405 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1405 may be performed by a control signaling manager 1025 as described with reference to FIG. 10.
[0229] At 1410, the method may include outputting one or more downlink reference signals. The operations of 1410 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1410 may be performed by a downlink reference signal manager 1030 as described with reference to FIG. 10.
[0230] At 1415, the method may include obtaining an uplink BFRQ based at least in part on outputting the control signaling indicating the one or more link quality thresholds and outputting the one or more downlink reference signals. The operations of 1415 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1415 may be performed by an BFRQ manager 1035 as described with reference to FIG. 10.
[0231] The following provides an overview of aspects of the present disclosure:
[0232] Aspect 1: A method for wireless communications at a UE, comprising: receiving control signaling indicating one or more link quality thresholds associated with uplink beam failure detection; receiving one or more downlink reference signals; and transmitting an uplink BFRQ in accordance with an uplink beam quality estimate corresponding to the one or more downlink reference signals failing to satisfy a link quality threshold of the one or more link quality thresholds.
[0233] Aspect 2: The method of aspect 1, further comprising: receiving an indication of one or more resources to monitor for the one or more downlink reference signals.
[0234] Aspect 3: The method of any of aspects 1 through 2, wherein receiving the control signaling comprises: receiving a first control message comprising the one or more link quality thresholds associated with the uplink beam failure detection, and a set of one or more parameters associated with downlink beam failure detection.
[0235] Aspect 4: The method of any of aspects 1 through 3, wherein receiving the control signaling comprises: receiving a first control message comprising the one or more link quality thresholds associated with the uplink beam failure detection; and receiving a second control message comprising a set of one or more parameters associated with downlink beam failure detection.
[0236] Aspect 5: The method of any of aspects 1 through 4, wherein the one or more link quality thresholds correspond to a component carrier, a group of component carriers, a bandwidth part, or any combination thereof.
[0237] Aspect 6: The method of any of aspects 1 through 5, further comprising: transmitting a request for the one or more link quality thresholds for the one or more downlink reference signals, wherein the one or more downlink reference signals are received in accordance with the request.
[0238] Aspect 7: The method of aspect 6, wherein the one or more downlink reference signals in the request correspond to one or more uplink TCI state identifications.
[0239] Aspect 8: The method of any of aspects 6 through 7, further comprising: receiving second control signaling allocating resources for transmitting the request, wherein the request is transmitted via the allocated resources.
[0240] Aspect 9: The method of any of aspects 6 through 8, further comprising: multiplexing the request with an uplink transmission, wherein transmission of the request is based at least in part on the multiplexing.
[0241] Aspect 10: The method of any of aspects 6 through 9, wherein the request comprises a request for a periodic transmission of the one or more downlink reference signals within a measurement duration.
[0242] Aspect 11: The method of any of aspects 1 through 10, further comprising: receiving second control signaling comprising an uplink grant of uplink resources for uplink control information, a BFR MAC-CE, an SR, a random access message, an uplink shared channel transmission, or any combination thereof, wherein transmission of the uplink BFRQ occurs via the granted uplink resources.
[0243] Aspect 12: The method of any of aspects 1 through 11, further comprising: receiving a downlink signal corresponding to a beam failure recovery procedure based at least in part on transmitting the uplink BFRQ, the downlink signal comprising an uplink grant for transmitting beam failure recovery information, a random access response message, a polling message for the beam failure recovery information, a DCI message requesting the beam failure recovery information or indicating a TCI state switch, or any combination thereof; and transmitting an uplink message comprising the beam failure recovery information in accordance with the downlink signal.
[0244] Aspect 13: The method of any of aspects 1 through 12, further comprising: receiving a request to report a quantity of preferred uplink transmission configuration identifier states; and transmitting, via the uplink BFRQ, a report indicating the quantity of the preferred uplink transmission configuration identifier states.
[0245] Aspect 14: The method of any of aspects 1 through 13, further comprising: receiving a message indicating an uplink TCI state in response to the uplink BFRQ.
[0246] Aspect 15: The method of any of aspects 1 through 14, wherein the uplink BFRQ comprises a cell identifier associated with an uplink beam failure detection event, one or more reference signal identifiers corresponding to the uplink beam quality estimate, or any combination thereof.
[0247] Aspect 16: The method of any of aspects 1 through 15, wherein the one or more downlink reference signals comprise an SSB, CSI-RS, or a TRS.
[0248] Aspect 17: The method of any of aspects 1 through 16, wherein the uplink beam quality estimate is associated with a received power of the one or more downlink reference signals and is associated with a maximum transmission power corresponding to an uplink beam associated with the uplink beam quality estimate.
[0249] Aspect 18: A method for wireless communications at a network entity, comprising: outputting control signaling indicating one or more link quality thresholds associated with uplink beam failure detection; outputting one or more downlink reference signals; and obtaining an uplink BFRQ based at least in part on outputting the control signaling indicating the one or more link quality thresholds and outputting the one or more downlink reference signals.
[0250] Aspect 19: The method of aspect 18, further comprising: outputting an indication of one or more resources to monitor for the one or more downlink reference signals.
[0251] Aspect 20: The method of any of aspects 18 through 19, wherein outputting the control signaling comprises: outputting a first control message comprising the one or more link quality thresholds associated with the uplink beam failure detection, and a set of one or more parameters associated with downlink beam failure detection.
[0252] Aspect 21: The method of any of aspects 18 through 20, wherein outputting the control signaling comprises: outputting a first control message comprising the one or more link quality thresholds associated with the uplink beam failure detection; and receiving a second control message comprising a set of one or more parameters associated with downlink beam failure detection.
[0253] Aspect 22: The method of any of aspects 18 through 21, wherein the one or more link quality thresholds correspond to a component carrier, a group of component carriers, a bandwidth part, or any combination thereof.
[0254] Aspect 23: The method of any of aspects 18 through 22, further comprising: obtaining a request for the one or more link quality thresholds for the one or more downlink reference signals, wherein the one or more downlink reference signals are received in accordance with the request.
[0255] Aspect 24: The method of any of aspects 18 through 23, further comprising: outputting second control signaling comprising an uplink grant of uplink resources for uplink control information, a BFR MAC-CE, an SR, a random access message, an uplink shared channel transmission, or any combination thereof, wherein transmission of the uplink BFRQ occurs via the granted uplink resources.
[0256] Aspect 25: The method of any of aspects 18 through 24, further comprising: outputting a downlink signal corresponding to a beam failure recovery procedure based at least in part on transmitting the uplink BFRQ, the downlink signal comprising an uplink grant for transmitting beam failure recovery information, a random access response message, a polling message for the beam failure recovery information, a DCI message requesting the beam failure recovery information or indicating a TCI state switch, or any combination thereof; and obtaining an uplink message comprising the beam failure recovery information in accordance with the downlink signal.
[0257] Aspect 26: The method of any of aspects 18 through 25, further comprising: outputting a request to report a quantity of preferred uplink TCI states; and obtaining, via the uplink BFRQ, a report indicating the quantity of the preferred uplink TCI states.
[0258] Aspect 27: The method of any of aspects 18 through 26, further comprising: outputting a message indicating an uplink TCI state in response to the uplink BFRQ.
[0259] Aspect 28: The method of any of aspects 18 through 27, wherein the one or more downlink reference signals comprise an SSB, a CSI-RS, or a TRS.
[0260] Aspect 29: A UE for wireless communications, comprising one or more memories storing processor-executable code, and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories and individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the UE to perform a method of any of aspects 1 through 17.
[0261] Aspect 30: A UE for wireless communications, comprising at least one means for performing a method of any of aspects 1 through 17.
[0262] Aspect 31: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications, the code comprising instructions executable by one or more processors to perform a method of any of aspects 1 through 17.
[0263] Aspect 32: A network entity for wireless communications, comprising one or more memories storing processor-executable code, and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories and individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the network entity to perform a method of any of aspects 18 through 28.
[0264] Aspect 33: A network entity for wireless communications, comprising at least one means for performing a method of any of aspects 18 through 28.
[0265] Aspect 34: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications, the code comprising instructions executable by one or more processors to perform a method of any of aspects 18 through 28.
[0266] It should be noted that the methods described herein describe possible implementations. The operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and other implementations are possible. Further, aspects from two or more of the methods may be combined.
[0267] Although aspects of an LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR system may be described for purposes of example, and LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR terminology may be used in much of the description, the techniques described herein are applicable beyond LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR networks. For example, the described techniques may be applicable to various other wireless communications systems such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB) , Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi) , IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) , IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, as well as other systems and radio technologies, including future systems and radio technologies, not explicitly mentioned herein.
[0268] Information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.
[0269] The various illustrative blocks and components described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed using a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, a GPU, an NPU, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor but, in the alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration) . Any functions or operations described herein as being capable of being performed by a processor may be performed by multiple processors that, individually or collectively, are capable of performing the described functions or operations.
[0270] The functions described herein may be implemented using hardware, software executed by a processor, or any combination thereof. Software shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executables, threads of execution, procedures, or functions, whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise. If implemented using software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored as or transmitted using one or more instructions or code of a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of the disclosure and appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, hardwiring, or combinations of any of these. Features implementing functions may also be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations.
[0271] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one location to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. By way of example, and not limitation, non-transitory computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) , flash memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that may be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor. Also, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL) , or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of computer-readable medium. Disk and disc, as used herein, include CD, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD) , floppy disk, and Blu-ray disc. Disks may reproduce data magnetically, and discs may reproduce data optically using lasers. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media. Any functions or operations described herein as being capable of being performed by a memory may be performed by multiple memories that, individually or collectively, are capable of performing the described functions or operations.
[0272] As used herein, including in the claims, “or” as used in a list of items (e.g., including a list of items prefaced by a phrase such as “at least one of” or “one or more of”) indicates an inclusive list such that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means, e.g., A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (e.g., A and B and C) . Also, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step that is described as “based on condition A” may be based on both a condition A and a condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall be construed in the same manner as the phrase “based at least in part on. ” As used herein, the term “and / or, ” when used in a list of two or more items, means that any one of the listed items can be employed by itself, or any combination of two or more of the listed items can be employed. For example, if a composition is described as containing components A, B, and / or C, the composition can contain A alone; B alone; C alone; A and B in combination; A and C in combination; B and C in combination; or A, B, and C in combination.
[0273] As used herein, including in the claims, the article “a” before a noun is open-ended and understood to refer to “at least one” of those nouns or “one or more” of those nouns. Thus, the terms “a, ” “at least one, ” “one or more, ” and “at least one of one or more” may be interchangeable. For example, if a claim recites “a component” that performs one or more functions, each of the individual functions may be performed by a single component or by any combination of multiple components. Thus, the term “a component” having characteristics or performing functions may refer to “at least one of one or more components” having a particular characteristic or performing a particular function. Subsequent reference to a component introduced with the article “a” using the terms “the” or “said” may refer to any or all of the one or more components. For example, a component introduced with the article “a” may be understood to mean “one or more components, ” and referring to “the component” subsequently in the claims may be understood to be equivalent to referring to “at least one of the one or more components. ” Similarly, subsequent reference to a component introduced as “one or more components” using the terms “the” or “said” may refer to any or all of the one or more components. For example, referring to “the one or more components” subsequently in the claims may be understood to be equivalent to referring to “at least one of the one or more components. ”
[0274] The term “determine” or “determining” or “identify” or “identifying” encompasses a variety of actions and, therefore, “determining” or “identifying” can include calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (such as via looking up in a table, a database or another data structure) , ascertaining and the like. Also, “determining” or “identifying” can include receiving (such as receiving information or signaling, e.g., receiving information or signaling for determining, receiving information or signaling for identifying) , accessing (such as accessing data in a memory, or accessing information) and the like. Also, “determining” or “identifying” can include resolving, obtaining, selecting, choosing, establishing and other such similar actions.
[0275] In the appended figures, similar components or features may have the same reference label. Further, various components of the same type may be distinguished by following the reference label by a dash and a second label that distinguishes among the similar components. If just the first reference label is used in the specification, the description is applicable to any one of the similar components having the same first reference label irrespective of the second reference label or other subsequent reference label.
[0276] The description set forth herein, in connection with the appended drawings, describes example configurations and does not represent all the examples that may be implemented or that are within the scope of the claims. The term “example” used herein means “serving as an example, instance, or illustration” and not “preferred” or “advantageous over other examples. ” The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing an understanding of the described techniques. These techniques, however, may be practiced without these specific details. In some figures, known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples.
[0277] The description herein is provided to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be apparent to a person having ordinary skill in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1.A user equipment (UE) , comprising:one or more memories storing processor-executable code; andone or more processors coupled with the one or more memories and individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the UE to:receive control signaling indicating one or more link quality thresholds associated with uplink beam failure detection;receive one or more downlink reference signals; andtransmit an uplink beam failure recovery request in accordance with an uplink beam quality estimate corresponding to the one or more downlink reference signals failing to satisfy a link quality threshold of the one or more link quality thresholds.2.The UE of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the UE to:receive an indication of one or more resources to monitor for the one or more downlink reference signals.3.The UE of claim 1, wherein, to receive the control signaling, the one or more processors are individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the UE to:receive a first control message comprising the one or more link quality thresholds associated with the uplink beam failure detection, and a set of one or more parameters associated with downlink beam failure detection.4.The UE of claim 1, wherein, to receive the control signaling, the one or more processors are individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the UE to:receive a first control message comprising the one or more link quality thresholds associated with the uplink beam failure detection; andreceive a second control message comprising a set of one or more parameters associated with downlink beam failure detection.5.The UE of claim 1, wherein the one or more link quality thresholds correspond to a component carrier, a group of component carriers, a bandwidth part, or any combination thereof.6.The UE of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the UE to:transmit a request for the one or more link quality thresholds for the one or more downlink reference signals, wherein the one or more downlink reference signals are received in accordance with the request.7.The UE of claim 6, wherein the one or more downlink reference signals in the request correspond to one or more uplink transmission configuration indicator state identifications.8.The UE of claim 6, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the UE to:receive second control signaling allocating resources for transmitting the request, wherein the request is transmitted via the allocated resources.9.The UE of claim 6, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the UE to:multiplex the request with an uplink transmission, wherein transmission of the request is based at least in part on the multiplexing.10.The UE of claim 6, wherein the request comprises a request for a periodic transmission of the one or more downlink reference signals within a measurement duration.11.The UE of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the UE to:receive second control signaling comprising an uplink grant of uplink resources for uplink control information, a beam failure recovery media access control control element, a scheduling request, a random access message, an uplink shared channel transmission, or any combination thereof, wherein transmission of the uplink beam failure recovery request occurs via the granted uplink resources.12.The UE of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the UE to:receive a downlink signal corresponding to a beam failure recovery procedure based at least in part on transmitting the uplink beam failure recovery request, the downlink signal comprising an uplink grant for transmitting beam failure recovery information, a random access response message, a polling message for the beam failure recovery information, a downlink control information message requesting the beam failure recovery information or indicating a transmission configuration indicator state switch, or any combination thereof; andtransmit an uplink message comprising the beam failure recovery information in accordance with the downlink signal.13.The UE of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the UE to:receive a request to report a quantity of preferred uplink transmission configuration identifier states; andtransmit, via the uplink beam failure recovery request, a report indicating the quantity of the preferred uplink transmission configuration identifier states.14.The UE of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the UE to:receive a message indicating an uplink transmission configuration identifier state in response to the uplink beam failure recovery request.15.The UE of claim 1, wherein the uplink beam failure recovery request comprises a cell identifier associated with an uplink beam failure detection event, one or more reference signal identifiers corresponding to the uplink beam quality estimate, or any combination thereof.16.The UE of claim 1, wherein the one or more downlink reference signals comprise a synchronization signal block, a channel state information reference signal, or a tracking reference signal.17.The UE of claim 1, wherein the uplink beam quality estimate is associated with a received power of the one or more downlink reference signals and is associated with a maximum transmission power corresponding to an uplink beam associated with the uplink beam quality estimate.18.A network entity, comprising:one or more memories storing processor-executable code; andone or more processors coupled with the one or more memories and individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the network entity to:output control signaling indicating one or more link quality thresholds associated with uplink beam failure detection;output one or more downlink reference signals; andobtain an uplink beam failure recovery request based at least in part on outputting the control signaling indicating the one or more link quality thresholds and outputting the one or more downlink reference signals.19.The network entity of claim 18, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the network entity to:output an indication of one or more resources to monitor for the one or more downlink reference signals.20.The network entity of claim 18, wherein, to output the control signaling, the one or more processors are individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the network entity to:output a first control message comprising the one or more link quality thresholds associated with the uplink beam failure detection, and a set of one or more parameters associated with downlink beam failure detection.21.The network entity of claim 18, wherein, to output the control signaling, the one or more processors are individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the network entity to:output a first control message comprising the one or more link quality thresholds associated with the uplink beam failure detection; andreceive a second control message comprising a set of one or more parameters associated with downlink beam failure detection.22.The network entity of claim 18, wherein the one or more link quality thresholds correspond to a component carrier, a group of component carriers, a bandwidth part, or any combination thereof.23.The network entity of claim 18, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the network entity to:obtain a request for the one or more link quality thresholds for the one or more downlink reference signals, wherein the one or more downlink reference signals are received in accordance with the request.24.The network entity of claim 18, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the network entity to:output second control signaling comprising an uplink grant of uplink resources for uplink control information, a beam failure recovery media access control control element, a scheduling request, a random access message, an uplink shared channel transmission, or any combination thereof, wherein transmission of the uplink beam failure recovery request occurs via the granted uplink resources.25.The network entity of claim 18, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the network entity to:output a downlink signal corresponding to a beam failure recovery procedure based at least in part on transmitting the uplink beam failure recovery request, the downlink signal comprising an uplink grant for transmitting beam failure recovery information, a random access response message, a polling message for the beam failure recovery information, a downlink control information message requesting the beam failure recovery information or indicating a transmission configuration indicator state switch, or any combination thereof; andobtain an uplink message comprising the beam failure recovery information in accordance with the downlink signal.26.The network entity of claim 18, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the network entity to:output a request to report a quantity of preferred uplink transmission configuration identifier states; andobtain, via the uplink beam failure recovery request, a report indicating the quantity of the preferred uplink transmission configuration identifier states.27.The network entity of claim 18, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the network entity to:output a message indicating an uplink transmission configuration identifier state in response to the uplink beam failure recovery request.28.The network entity of claim 18, wherein the one or more downlink reference signals comprise a synchronization signal block, a channel state information reference signal, or a tracking reference signal.29.A method for wireless communications at a user equipment (UE) , comprising:receiving control signaling indicating one or more link quality thresholds associated with uplink beam failure detection;receiving one or more downlink reference signals; andtransmitting an uplink beam failure recovery request in accordance with an uplink beam quality estimate corresponding to the one or more downlink reference signals failing to satisfy a link quality threshold of the one or more link quality thresholds.30.A method for wireless communications at a network entity, comprising:outputting control signaling indicating one or more link quality thresholds associated with uplink beam failure detection;outputting one or more downlink reference signals; andobtaining an uplink beam failure recovery request based at least in part on outputting the control signaling indicating the one or more link quality thresholds and outputting the one or more downlink reference signals.
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