Solid coupled ultrasonic testing method

Abstract

A solid coupled ultrasonic testing method. Two liquid reservoirs (1, 2) are used to clamp an object to be tested, an ultrasonic signal is transmitted by means of cooperation of elastic coupling layers (3, 4) on opposite surfaces of the two liquid reservoirs (1, 2) and a liquid coupling agent (8) added into the liquid reservoirs (1, 2), and ultrasonic probe assemblies (6, 7) enter the liquid reservoirs to scan regions of said object, collect a reflected ultrasonic signal and a transmitted ultrasonic signal, and perform signal processing. In the whole process, said object is not in contact with the liquid coupling agent, thereby avoiding the contamination of said object by the liquid coupling agent, and achieving wide applicability; and during ultrasonic scanning, energy attenuation caused by air or another non-coupling medium is also avoided, thereby improving the propagation efficiency and testing sensitivity of ultrasonic waves in said object, and achieving a good testing effect.

Description

Solid coupling ultrasonic testing method TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ultrasonic testing, and particularly relates to a solid coupling ultrasonic testing method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Ultrasound is a mechanical wave with a frequency higher than the range of human hearing, usually above 20 kHz. Ultrasound has good penetration and directionality, and when it encounters the boundary of different media, reflection, refraction and scattering phenomena occur. Ultrasound can penetrate objects and reflect when it encounters an interface. This characteristic makes ultrasound an ideal detection tool. Ultrasonic non-destructive testing (UT) technology is a widely used detection method for evaluating the properties of materials, finding internal defects or measuring thickness without damaging or changing the object being tested.

[0003] Since ultrasound hardly propagates in air, current ultrasonic non-destructive testing technology mainly immerses the object to be tested and the ultrasonic probe in a liquid reservoir filled with liquid coupling agent (i.e. liquid immersion detection) to isolate air, which can avoid the influence of air trapped between the interface of the object to be tested and the ultrasonic probe on ultrasonic scanning imaging.

[0004] Although liquid immersion detection is the current common ultrasonic detection method, it has some inherent problems, for example, the liquid coupling agent may penetrate into the tiny cracks of the object to be tested, causing contamination of the object to be tested. At the same time, liquid immersion detection is not suitable for all types of objects to be tested, for example, objects to be tested containing electronic components or circuit boards, which may cause short circuits or damage due to the liquid coupling agent.

[0005] On this basis, in order to avoid contamination or damage to the object to be tested, it is urgent to develop a solid coupling ultrasonic testing method. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application provides a solid coupling ultrasonic testing method to solve the problem that the method of placing the object to be tested in the liquid coupling liquid for ultrasonic testing in the prior art may cause contamination of the object to be tested and is not suitable for all types of objects to be tested.

[0007] The technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows: a solid coupling ultrasonic testing method, the method comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step a: respectively attaching an elastic coupling layer to the opposite surfaces of two liquid reservoirs, and placing the object to be tested between the two liquid reservoirs;

[0009] Step b: adjust the position of the reservoirs to make the two reservoirs close to each other and clamp the object to be measured, and realize the close contact between the surface of the object to be measured and the reservoirs and the exclusion of air through the elastic coupling layer between the reservoirs and the object to be measured, and optimize the ultrasonic coupling;

[0010] Step c: add liquid coupling agent into the two reservoirs to ensure that the liquid level is higher than the uppermost end of the object to be measured;

[0011] Step d: arrange a pair of oppositely arranged ultrasonic probe assemblies, at least one ultrasonic probe assembly emits ultrasonic signal pulses and collects reflected ultrasonic signals, and the other ultrasonic probe assembly receives transmitted ultrasonic signals;

[0012] Step e: move the ultrasonic probe assembly to scan all regions of the object to be measured, collect reflected ultrasonic signals and transmitted ultrasonic signals, and perform signal processing to realize ultrasonic detection of the object to be measured.

[0013] In some embodiments, in the initial state of step a, the object to be measured can be initially attached to any elastic coupling layer, or the object to be measured can be vertically fixed and at a distance from the elastic coupling layers on both sides.

[0014] Preferably, the object to be measured is vertically fixed and at a distance from the elastic coupling layers on both sides.

[0015] In some embodiments, in step b, at least one reservoir has an angle θ between the surface facing the object to be measured and the surface of the object to be measured before or when it is in contact with the surface of the object to be measured, and the angle θ is greater than 0° and less than 90°; either one of the reservoirs can be inclined at an angle, or both reservoirs can be inclined at an angle.

[0016] Preferably, both reservoirs are inclined at an angle. The angle between the surface of the reservoir facing the object to be measured and the surface of the object to be measured is slowly tending to 0° during the clamping process, which is more conducive to the exclusion of air between the surface of the object to be measured and the elastic coupling layer, and thus achieves better ultrasonic detection effect.

[0017] Preferably, the angle θ is in the range of 2° to 60°.

[0018] More preferably, the angle θ is in the range of 2° to 30°.

[0019] In some embodiments, in step b, when the reservoirs are close to each other and in contact with the surface of the object to be measured, the rotation of the reservoirs which form an angle with the surface of the object to be measured is controlled to smoothly reduce the angle between the surface of the reservoir facing the object to be measured and the surface of the object to be measured to 0°.

[0020] Preferably, the rotating operation of the reservoir is as follows: one end of the reservoir, which forms an angle with the surface of the object to be measured, is abutted against the object to be measured, and the other end of the reservoir, which forms an angle with the surface of the object to be measured, is gradually moved close to the object to be measured until it is abutted against the object to be measured.

[0021] In some embodiments, in step b, after the angle between the surface of the reservoir facing the object to be measured and the surface of the object to be measured is 0°, the complete abutment with the surface of the object to be measured is achieved by applying pressure to make the elastic coupling layer deform, and when the elastic coupling layer is completely abutted against the surface of the object to be measured, the air between them is discharged along the abutment direction.

[0022] Preferably, the process of applying pressure can be applying pressure to either one of the two reservoirs, or applying pressure to both of the two reservoirs.

[0023] More preferably, pressure is applied to both of the two reservoirs.

[0024] In some embodiments, in step d, the ultrasonic signal pulse penetrates the liquid coupling agent, the reservoir wall, the elastic coupling layer and the object to be measured in turn, and then penetrates the other side of the elastic coupling layer, the reservoir wall and the liquid coupling agent, and is received by the ultrasonic probe assembly on the other side of the object to be measured as a transmitted ultrasonic signal, while the original ultrasonic probe assembly collects a reflected ultrasonic signal.

[0025] Preferably, one of the two ultrasonic probe assemblies can transmit and receive a reflected signal, and the other one can not transmit and only receive a transmitted signal; or both of them can transmit an ultrasonic signal pulse and receive their respective reflected ultrasonic signals, while receiving the transmitted ultrasonic signal of the other one.

[0026] For example, one of the two ultrasonic probe assemblies transmits and receives a reflected signal, and the other one does not transmit and only receives a transmitted signal.

[0027] In this application, the ultrasonic probe assembly can include one or more ultrasonic probes.

[0028] In some embodiments, in step e, the signal processing includes intercepting the reflected ultrasonic signal in the object to be measured region from the collected reflected ultrasonic signal, and the interception of the reflected ultrasonic signal in the object to be measured region requires that the reflected ultrasonic signal in the object to be measured region does not overlap with the reflected ultrasonic signal of the interface between the inner wall of the reservoir and the reflected ultrasonic signal of the interface between the outer wall of the reservoir and the elastic coupling layer; wherein the reflected ultrasonic signal in the object to be measured region refers to the reflected ultrasonic signal originating from the contact interface between the object to be measured and the two elastic coupling layers, which is collected by the ultrasonic probe assembly for the first time.

[0029] Further, the reflected ultrasonic signal in the region of the object to be measured is located between the reflected ultrasonic signal of the n-1th reservoir outer wall and the reflected ultrasonic signal of the nth reservoir inner wall, where n represents an integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0030] For example, the first collected reflected ultrasonic signal from the two elastic coupling layer contact interfaces of the object to be measured is located between the reflected ultrasonic signal of the first reservoir outer wall and the reflected ultrasonic signal of the second reservoir inner wall;

[0031] Alternatively, the first collected reflected ultrasonic signal from the two elastic coupling layer contact interfaces of the object to be measured is located between the reflected ultrasonic signal of the second reservoir outer wall and the reflected ultrasonic signal of the third reservoir inner wall;

[0032] Alternatively, the first collected reflected ultrasonic signal from the two elastic coupling layer contact interfaces of the object to be measured is located between the reflected ultrasonic signal of the third reservoir outer wall and the reflected ultrasonic signal of the fourth reservoir inner wall.

[0033] Further, the intercepted reflected ultrasonic signal in the region of the object to be measured requires one of the following conditions to be met:

[0034] The reflection time of the object to be measured at the two elastic coupling layer contact interfaces is less than the reflection time at the second reservoir inner wall;

[0035] The reflection time of the object to be measured at the two elastic coupling layer contact interfaces is greater than the reflection time at the second reservoir outer wall and the elastic coupling layer contact interface and less than the reflection time at the third reservoir inner wall;

[0036] The reflection time of the object to be measured at the two elastic coupling layer contact interfaces is greater than the reflection time at the N-1th reservoir outer wall and the elastic coupling layer contact interface and less than the reflection time at the Nth reservoir inner wall, where N represents an integer greater than or equal to 4.

[0037] Further, the intercepted reflected ultrasonic signal in the region of the object to be measured requires one of the following conditions to be met:

[0038] ;

[0039] and ;

[0040] and , where N represents an integer greater than or equal to 4;

[0041] Wherein, S1 represents the distance between the transmitting probe transmitting the ultrasonic signal pulse and the inner wall of the liquid reservoir, S2 represents the thickness of the liquid reservoir wall, S3 represents the thickness of the elastic coupling layer, S4 represents the thickness of the measured object, V1, V2, V3, V4 respectively represent the sound speed of the ultrasonic wave in the liquid coupling agent, the liquid reservoir wall, the elastic coupling layer and the measured object medium.

[0042] In some embodiments, the measured object is a flat plate type part.

[0043] In the present application, the flat plate type part includes but is not limited to any one of a battery, a wafer, a composite plate, a vehicle body panel, an engine cover, a vehicle door, a circuit board, a heat sink, an electronic device shell, an aircraft door or an aircraft partition.

[0044] Exemplarily, the flat plate type part is a measured battery.

[0045] In the present application, the liquid coupling agent includes but is not limited to any one of water, glycerol, silicone oil, vegetable oil or mineral oil.

[0046] Exemplarily, the liquid coupling agent is selected to be water, and by using the principle that the attenuation coefficient of the ultrasonic wave in the liquid is small, the propagation efficiency of the ultrasonic wave in the measured object and the detection sensitivity are improved.

[0047] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0048] The solid coupling ultrasonic detection method provided by the above scheme of the present application avoids the pollution of the liquid coupling agent to the measured object, has wide applicability, and specifically, the solid coupling ultrasonic detection method provided by the present application is especially suitable for the measured object sensitive to electricity and the measured object susceptible to corrosion of the liquid coupling agent, and does not cause the problems of short circuit, damage or corrosion of the measured object.

[0049] The present application also has the following advantages:

[0050] (1) The present application can effectively transmit ultrasonic wave signals by using the synergistic effect of the elastic coupling layer and the liquid coupling agent, avoid the energy attenuation caused by air or other non-coupling media, and thus improve the propagation efficiency of the ultrasonic wave in the measured object and the detection sensitivity;

[0051] (2) The present application adjusts the positions of the two liquid reservoirs so that the two liquid reservoirs are close to each other and clamp the measured object, which can effectively reduce or eliminate the possible bubbles between the contact surface of the elastic coupling layer and the measured object, reduce the signal attenuation and detection blind area caused by the bubbles, and improve the accuracy of the detection result;

[0052] (3) The whole detection process only needs to adjust the position of the liquid reservoir and the distance between the ultrasonic probe assembly and the inner wall of the liquid reservoir, thereby reducing the operation difficulty and enabling the technical personnel to more efficiently and accurately perform the ultrasonic detection task. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0053] The accompanying drawings, which form a part of this application, are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The illustrations are given to explain the embodiments of the application and are not limiting the application in any way.

[0054] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the accompanying drawings needed to be used in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort.

[0055] Fig. 1 is a structural schematic view of two liquid reservoirs and a to-be-detected object in an initial position in an embodiment of the present application.

[0056] Fig. 2 is a structural schematic view of two liquid reservoirs and a to-be-detected object starting to contact in an embodiment of the present application.

[0057] Fig. 3 is a structural schematic view of two liquid reservoirs and a to-be-detected object completely adhering in an embodiment of the present application.

[0058] Fig. 4 is a structural schematic view in a test state in an embodiment of the present application.

[0059] Fig. 5 is an ultrasonic slice view of ultrasonic detection in an embodiment of the present application.

[0060] Fig. 6 is an ultrasonic reflection signal view of ultrasonic detection in an embodiment of the present application.

[0061] 1, first liquid reservoir; 2, second liquid reservoir; 3, first elastic coupling layer; 4, second elastic coupling layer; 5, to-be-detected battery; 6, first ultrasonic probe assembly; 7, second ultrasonic probe assembly; 8, liquid coupling agent. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] The specific embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0063] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present application, the present application will be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. The preferred embodiments of the present application are shown in the drawings. However, the present application can be realized in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive.

[0064] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in the description herein is for describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0065] In the case of using "include", "have", and "contain" described herein, unless an explicit limiting term is used, such as "only", "consisting of", etc., another component can be added. Unless otherwise mentioned, the singular form of the term can include the plural form, and it cannot be understood as the number of one.

[0066] It should be understood that although the terms "first", "second", etc. can be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the application, a first element can be called a second element, and similarly, a second element can be called a first element.

[0067] In addition, the drawings are not drawn to scale 1:1, and the relative sizes of the elements are only drawn by example in the drawings, not necessarily according to the true scale.

[0068] As shown in FIGS. 1-4, the structure state schematic diagram of two reservoirs in a solid coupling ultrasonic detection method in an embodiment of the application is shown. For ease of description, the drawings only show the structures related to the embodiments of the application.

[0069] In one embodiment, a solid coupling ultrasonic detection method is provided, the method comprising the following steps:

[0070] Step a: respectively attach an elastic coupling layer to the opposite surfaces of the two reservoirs, and place the measured object between the two reservoirs;

[0071] Step b: adjust the position of the reservoir to make the two reservoirs close to each other and clamp the measured object, and realize the close fit between the surface of the measured object and the reservoir through the elastic coupling layer between the reservoir and the measured object, and exclude air;

[0072] Step c: add liquid coupling agent 8 to the two reservoirs, and ensure that the liquid level is higher than the uppermost end of the measured object;

[0073] Step d: configure a pair of oppositely arranged ultrasonic probe assemblies, at least one ultrasonic probe assembly emits ultrasonic signal pulses and collects reflected ultrasonic signals, and the other ultrasonic probe assembly receives transmitted ultrasonic signals;

[0074] Step e: moving the ultrasonic probe assembly to scan each region of the object to be measured, collecting reflected and transmitted ultrasonic signals, and processing the signals to realize ultrasonic detection of the object to be measured.

[0075] In this embodiment, the object to be measured is exemplarily taken as a battery 5 to be measured.

[0076] Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the first elastic coupling layer 3 and the second elastic coupling layer 4 are respectively attached to opposite surfaces of the first reservoir 1 and the second reservoir 2 arranged obliquely in step a, and the battery 5 to be measured is placed between the first reservoir 1 and the second reservoir 2 arranged obliquely and fixed in the vertical direction to ensure that the battery 5 to be measured does not slide during detection, and the first elastic coupling layer 3 and the second elastic coupling layer 4 both cover the detection area of the battery 5 to be measured.

[0077] Specifically, as shown by the orientation in FIG. 1, taking the vertical surface as the reference surface, the state of the first reservoir 1 arranged obliquely is that the first elastic coupling layer 3 on the first reservoir 1 forms an included angle θ of 20° leftward with the vertical surface; the state of the second reservoir 2 arranged obliquely is that the second elastic coupling layer 4 on the second reservoir 2 forms an included angle θ of 20° rightward with the vertical surface; and the first reservoir 1 and the second reservoir 2 arranged obliquely are respectively located on the left and right sides of the battery 5 to be measured, and the first reservoir 1 and the second reservoir 2 are both spaced apart from the battery 5 to be measured by a horizontal distance.

[0078] Further, as shown in FIGS. 2-3, step b includes:

[0079] b1, fixing the position of the battery 5 to be measured unchanged, moving the first reservoir 1 horizontally to the right until the bottom edge line of the first elastic coupling layer 3 on the first reservoir 1 contacts the surface of the battery 5 to be measured, at which time the included angle θ between the first elastic coupling layer 3 on the first reservoir 1 and the surface of the battery 5 to be measured is 20°; at the same time, moving the second reservoir 2 horizontally to the left until the bottom edge line of the second elastic coupling layer 4 on the second reservoir 2 contacts the surface of the battery 5 to be measured, at which time the included angle θ between the second elastic coupling layer 4 on the second reservoir 2 and the surface of the battery 5 to be measured is 20°;

[0080] b2. Using the bottom edge of the first elastic coupling layer 3 on the first reservoir 1 as the axis, rotate the first reservoir 1 clockwise so that the top edge of the first elastic coupling layer 3 on the first reservoir 1 gradually approaches the battery under test 5 until it is in contact with the battery under test 5, so that the included angle θ between the first elastic coupling layer 3 on the first reservoir 1 and the surface of the battery under test 5 smoothly decreases from 20° to 0°; at the same time, using the bottom edge of the second elastic coupling layer 4 on the second reservoir 2 as the axis, rotate the second reservoir 2 counterclockwise so that the top edge of the second elastic coupling layer 4 on the second reservoir 2 gradually approaches the battery under test 5 until it is in contact with the battery under test 5, so that the included angle θ between the second elastic coupling layer 4 on the second reservoir 2 and the surface of the battery under test 5 smoothly decreases from 20° to 0°.

[0081] b3. Apply pressure to the first reservoir 1 and the second reservoir 2 respectively to cause the first elastic coupling layer 3 and the second elastic coupling layer 4 to deform, thereby squeezing out air bubbles between the battery under test 5 and the first elastic coupling layer 3 and the second elastic coupling layer 4, further eliminating air, and achieving a tight fit between the first reservoir 1 and the second reservoir 2 and the surface of the battery under test; In step b, adjusting the position of the first reservoir 1 and the second reservoir 2 so that they are close to each other and clamp the battery under test 5 can effectively reduce or eliminate air bubbles that may exist between the contact surfaces of the elastic coupling layer 1 and the elastic coupling layer 3 and the battery under test 5, reduce signal attenuation and detection blind zone caused by air bubbles, and improve the accuracy of the detection results.

[0082] Further, as shown in Figure 4, in step c, water is added to the two reservoirs to ensure that the liquid level exceeds the top of the battery 5 under test.

[0083] Further, in step d, a pair of oppositely arranged first ultrasonic probe assemblies 6 and second ultrasonic probe assemblies 7 are configured. The first ultrasonic probe assembly 6 extends into the first reservoir 1, and the second ultrasonic probe assembly 7 extends into the second reservoir 2. As shown in Figure 4, both the first ultrasonic probe assembly 6 and the second ultrasonic probe assembly 7 are exemplary represented by a single ultrasonic probe. The number of corresponding ultrasonic probes in the first ultrasonic probe assembly 6 and the second ultrasonic probe assembly 7 can be selected as needed, as long as it meets the requirements of the entire ultrasonic detection.

[0084] Further, in step e, the first ultrasonic probe assembly 6 and the second ultrasonic probe assembly 7 are moved. During the movement, the first ultrasonic probe assembly 6 and the second ultrasonic probe assembly 7 maintain a relatively stable arrangement, comprehensively scanning all areas of the battery 5 under test. This is achieved by changing the distance between the first ultrasonic probe assembly 6 and the inner wall of the first reservoir 1.

[0085] satisfy ,

[0086] Wherein, S1 represents the distance between the first ultrasonic probe assembly 6 and the inner wall of the first reservoir 1, S2 represents the thickness of the first reservoir wall 1, S3 represents the thickness of the first elastic coupling layer 3, S4 represents the thickness of the battery to be measured 5, V1, V2, V3, V4 respectively represent the sound speed of the ultrasonic wave in water, the first reservoir wall, the first elastic coupling layer 3 and the battery to be measured 5;

[0087] The transmitted ultrasonic signal pulse is transmitted through the first ultrasonic probe assembly 6, and the ultrasonic signal pulse penetrates the water in the first reservoir 1, the first reservoir 1 wall, the first elastic coupling layer 3 and the battery to be measured 5 in turn, and then is transmitted through the second elastic coupling layer 4, the second reservoir 2 wall, the water in the second reservoir 2, and finally is received by the second ultrasonic probe assembly 7. The transmitted ultrasonic signal is collected at the same time, and the reflected ultrasonic signal and the transmitted ultrasonic signal in the battery to be measured 5 region are intercepted and signal analysis is carried out, so that the ultrasonic detection of the battery to be measured 5 is realized.

[0088] Fig. 5 is an ultrasonic slice diagram of the ultrasonic detection in an embodiment of the present application.

[0089] Fig. 6 is an ultrasonic reflection signal diagram of the ultrasonic detection in an embodiment of the present application.

[0090] As shown in Fig. 5, it is an ultrasonic slice diagram of the ultrasonic detection in the above embodiment, and as shown in Fig. 6, it is an ultrasonic reflection signal diagram of the ultrasonic detection in the above embodiment. As shown in Figs. 5-6, it can be directly observed that the solid coupling ultrasonic detection method of the present application has good signal interception, the collected reflected signals are separated and do not overlap, and the performance of the battery to be measured can be accurately detected.

[0091] The solid coupling ultrasonic detection method of the present application clamps the battery to be measured 5 by the first reservoir 1 and the second reservoir 2 with elastic coupling layers on the two opposite surfaces close to each other, and eliminates the bubbles between the contact surfaces of the elastic coupling layer and the battery to be measured 5. Compared with liquid immersion detection, the measured object does not contact the liquid coupling agent 8 in the detection process of the present application, which avoids the pollution of the liquid coupling agent 8 to the measured object, has wide applicability, and specifically, the solid coupling ultrasonic detection method provided by the present application is especially suitable for the measured objects which are sensitive to electricity and are easily corroded by the liquid coupling agent 8, and does not cause the problems of short circuit, damage or corrosion of the measured object. At the same time, the present application utilizes the synergistic effect of the elastic coupling layer and the liquid coupling agent 8 to effectively transmit the ultrasonic signal, avoids the energy attenuation caused by air or other non-coupling media, thereby improving the propagation efficiency and detection sensitivity of the ultrasonic wave in the measured object. In addition, the whole detection process of the present application has low operation difficulty, and only needs to be completed by simply adjusting the position of the reservoir and the distance between the ultrasonic probe assembly and the inner wall of the reservoir, so that the technical personnel can more efficiently and accurately perform the detection task.

[0092] Any combination of the technical features in the above-described embodiments can be made, and for the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations are described, however, as long as there is no conflict, any combination of the technical features should be considered within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0093] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation manners of the present application, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as a limitation on the scope of the patent. It should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled persons in the art, some modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these are within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method of solid-coupled ultrasonic testing, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Step a: respectively attaching elastic coupling layers to the opposite sides of two reservoirs, and placing the object to be measured between the two reservoirs; Step b: adjusting the positions of the reservoirs to bring the two reservoirs close to each other and clamp the object to be measured, and realizing the close contact between the surface of the object to be measured and the reservoirs through the elastic coupling layers between the reservoirs and the object to be measured, and excluding air; Step c: adding liquid coupling agents into the two reservoirs, and ensuring that the liquid level is higher than the uppermost end of the object to be measured; Step d: arranging a pair of oppositely arranged ultrasonic probe assemblies, at least one of which emits ultrasonic signal pulses and collects reflected ultrasonic signals, and the other ultrasonic probe assembly receives transmitted ultrasonic signals; Step e: moving the ultrasonic probe assemblies to comprehensively scan each region of the object to be measured, collect reflected ultrasonic signals and transmitted ultrasonic signals, and perform signal processing to realize ultrasonic detection of the object to be measured.

2. The solid-coupled ultrasonic testing method of claim 1, wherein, In step b, the angle between the surface of at least one reservoir facing the object to be measured and the surface of the object to be measured is greater than or equal to 0° and less than 90° before or when the reservoir is in contact with the surface of the object to be measured.

3. The solid-coupled ultrasonic testing method of claim 2, wherein, In step b, after the reservoirs are brought close to each other to be in contact with the surface of the object to be measured, the angle between the surface of the reservoir facing the object to be measured and the surface of the object to be measured is reduced to 0° by controlling the rotation of the reservoir forming the angle with the surface of the object to be measured.

4. The solid-coupled ultrasonic testing method of claim 3, wherein, In step b, after the angle between the surface of the reservoir facing the object to be measured and the surface of the object to be measured is 0°, the complete contact with the surface of the object to be measured is realized by applying pressure to make the elastic coupling layer deform.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, The ultrasonic signal pulses penetrate the liquid coupling agent, the reservoir wall, the elastic coupling layer and the object to be measured in turn, and then pass through the elastic coupling layer, the reservoir wall and the liquid coupling agent on the other side to be received by the ultrasonic probe assembly on the other side of the object to be measured, while the original ultrasonic probe assembly collects reflected ultrasonic signals.

6. The solid-coupled ultrasonic testing method of claim 5, wherein, In step e, the signal processing comprises intercepting the reflected ultrasonic signals in the region of the object to be measured from the collected reflected ultrasonic signals, and the interception of the reflected ultrasonic signals in the region of the object to be measured requires that the reflected ultrasonic signals in the region of the object to be measured do not overlap with the reflected ultrasonic signals of the interface between the inner wall of the reservoir and the outer wall of the reservoir and the interface between the outer wall of the reservoir and the elastic coupling layer; wherein the reflected ultrasonic signals in the region of the object to be measured refer to the reflected ultrasonic signals originating from the two interfaces between the object to be measured and the elastic coupling layers which are first collected by the ultrasonic probe assembly.

7. The solid-coupled ultrasonic testing method of claim 6, wherein, The reflected ultrasonic signals in the region of the object to be measured are located between the reflected ultrasonic signals of the n-1th interface between the outer wall of the reservoir and the elastic coupling layer and the nth interface between the inner wall of the reservoir; wherein n represents any integer greater than or equal to 2.

8. The solid-coupled ultrasonic testing method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The interception of the reflected ultrasonic signals in the region of the object to be measured requires that one of the following conditions is met: The reflection time of the two interfaces between the object to be measured and the elastic coupling layers is less than the reflection time of the second interface between the inner wall of the reservoir; The reflection time of the two interfaces between the object to be measured and the elastic coupling layers is greater than the reflection time of the second interface between the outer wall of the reservoir and the elastic coupling layer and less than the reflection time of the third interface between the inner wall of the reservoir; The reflection time of the test object at the contact interface of the two elastic coupling layers is greater than the reflection time of the N-1th reservoir outer wall at the contact interface of the elastic coupling layer and less than the reflection time of the Nth reservoir inner wall, wherein N represents an integer greater than or equal to 4.

9. The solid-coupled ultrasonic testing method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The reflection ultrasonic signal in the intercepted test object area meets one of the following conditions: ; and ； and wherein N represents an integer greater than or equal to 4; wherein S1 represents the distance between the transmitting probe transmitting the ultrasonic signal pulse and the inner wall of the reservoir, S2 represents the thickness of the reservoir wall, S3 represents the thickness of the elastic coupling layer, S4 represents the thickness of the test object, V1, V2, V3 and V4 respectively represent the sound speed of the ultrasonic wave in the liquid coupling agent, the reservoir wall, the elastic coupling layer and the test object medium.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein, The test object is a flat plate type part.

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