Communication method and apparatus, storage medium, and program product

Abstract

A communication method and apparatus, a storage medium, and a program product are provided. The communication method is executed by a first communication node, and comprises: on the basis of a spreading sequence, processing user data to obtain data symbols; and sending a first symbol sequence to a second communication node, the first symbol sequence comprising the data symbols and pilot symbols.

Description

Communication method and apparatus, storage medium, and program product

[0001] The present disclosure claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411134320.6, filed on August 16, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of communication, and in particular to a communication method and apparatus, a storage medium, and a program product. BACKGROUND

[0003] In recent years, with the development of communication technology, the communication functions of communication nodes (such as base stations, terminals, etc.) are becoming more and more rich, and the service demands of users on communication nodes are also increasing, which makes the communication interaction between communication nodes more and more frequent.

[0004] At present, in the traditional communication network, the communication interaction between communication nodes is signal transmission through the wire harness connection between communication nodes. SUMMARY

[0005] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a communication method, which is performed by a first communication node. The method comprises: processing user data according to an extension sequence to obtain data symbols; and sending a first symbol sequence to a second communication node, the first symbol sequence comprising the data symbols and pilot symbols.

[0006] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a communication method, which is performed by a second communication node. The method comprises: receiving a second symbol sequence, the second symbol sequence comprising data symbols and pilot symbols, the second symbol sequence being composed of superposition of first symbol sequences of a plurality of users; and detecting the data symbols in the second symbol sequence based on an estimation result of the pilot symbols in the second symbol sequence and an extension sequence set of each user in the plurality of users to obtain user data of the plurality of users.

[0007] In yet another aspect, the present disclosure provides a communication apparatus. The communication apparatus comprises: a processing module and a sending module.

[0008] The processing module is configured to process user data according to an extension sequence to obtain data symbols, and the sending module is configured to send a first symbol sequence to a second communication node, the first symbol sequence comprising the data symbols and pilot symbols.

[0009] In yet another aspect, the present disclosure provides a communication apparatus. The communication apparatus comprises: a receiving module and a processing module.

[0010] The receiving module is configured to receive a second symbol sequence, the second symbol sequence comprising data symbols and pilot symbols, the second symbol sequence being composed of superposition of first symbol sequences of a plurality of users; and the processing module is configured to detect the data symbols in the second symbol sequence based on an estimation result of the pilot symbols in the second symbol sequence and a spreading sequence set of each user in the plurality of users, to obtain user data of the plurality of users.

[0011] In another aspect, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a communication device. The communication device comprises a memory and a processor, the memory and the processor being coupled, the memory being configured to store a computer program, and the processor being configured to implement the communication method in any of the above aspects when executing the computer program.

[0012] In another aspect, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a computer readable storage medium, the computer readable storage medium storing computer program instructions, the computer program instructions being executed by a processor to implement the communication method in any of the above aspects.

[0013] In another aspect, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a computer program product, the computer program product comprising computer program instructions, the computer program instructions being executed to implement the communication method in any of the above aspects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present disclosure, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in some embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the drawings described in the following are only some of the drawings of the present disclosure, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art according to these drawings.

[0015] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system according to some embodiments.

[0016] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a communication method according to some embodiments.

[0017] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another communication method according to some embodiments.

[0018] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another communication method according to some embodiments.

[0019] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a communication device according to some embodiments.

[0020] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a structure of another communication device according to some embodiments.

[0021] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a structure of another communication device according to some embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical solutions in the present disclosure will be described clearly and completely in combination with the drawings in the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0023] It should be noted that in the present disclosure, the expressions such as "exemplarily" or "for example" are used to represent as an example, illustration or description. Any embodiment or design scheme described as "exemplarily" or "for example" in the present disclosure should not be interpreted as more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or design schemes. In fact, the expressions such as "exemplarily" or "for example" are intended to present the relevant concept in a detailed manner.

[0024] Hereinafter, the terms "first", "second", and the like are only used for description purposes, and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second", and the like can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0025] In the description of the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified, " / " means "or", for example, A / B can mean A or B. "And / or" in this document is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three kinds of relationships, for example, A and / or B can mean: only A, A and B, and only B. In addition, "at least one" means one or more, and "multiple" means two or more.

[0026] In recent years, with the development of communication technology, the communication functions of communication nodes (such as base stations, terminals, etc.) are becoming more and more rich, and the service demands of users on communication nodes are also increasing, which makes the communication interaction between communication nodes more and more frequent.

[0027] For example, in a wireless communication network, the communication interaction between communication nodes is signal transmission through free space (such as air), which makes the communication nodes can be free from the restriction of the line bundle and freely select the object to be communicated.

[0028] However, with the development of the sixth generation mobile communication technology (6th generation mobile communication technology, 6G) of the wireless communication network, 6G puts forward higher requirements on the connection density, proposes the massive communication scene, and the potential access terminal quantity is huge, which can reach tens of millions of terminals per square kilometer.

[0029] In some technologies, in a conventional access and transmission scheme, a terminal first needs to enter a connected state through random access before data transmission, then applies for uplink transmission resources to a base station, and can only transmit information on the resources authorized by the base station after obtaining the authorization (grant) of the base station.

[0030] However, in the face of a massive connection scenario, the conventional access and transmission scheme faces problems such as large signaling overhead, high terminal power consumption, and large delay, and it is difficult to efficiently support massive terminal access. To solve this problem, a wireless communication network can reduce signaling overhead and transmission delay through grant-free transmission, and in addition, can reduce terminal power consumption.

[0031] At present, environmental Internet of Things (such as artificial intelligence of things (A-IoT)) is a main technical scheme for realizing massive communication. For uplink multiple access transmission of environmental Internet of Things, considering the minimalist design of passive devices, a simple code division multiple access method has great application potential. This method encodes the data symbols of each user through a spreading code (or spreading sequence), and then modulates the data symbols to be transmitted onto a carrier signal and backscatters to the base station. Due to grant-free transmission, the base station does not know which users are currently accessing and transmitting data, so the base station can use the orthogonality or cross-correlation between the spreading sequences to detect the spreading sequences, complete active user detection, and user data detection and recovery of multiple users.

[0032] However, due to the minimalist design of environmental Internet of Things devices, it is difficult to achieve good transmission synchronization and symbol synchronization between the transceiver and multiple devices, which seriously affects the multiple user data detection of the receiving end based on the spreading sequence, that is, for uplink code division multiple access grant-free transmission of environmental Internet of Things, the arrival time and symbol length of each user signal in the multiple user mixed signals received by the receiving end can be different, affecting data detection based on the spreading sequence, and leading to deterioration of multiple access performance.

[0033] That is, due to low power consumption, low complexity, limited hardware performance and other factors, the environmental Internet of Things device usually has a sampling frequency offset (SFO) and a timing offset (TO). The sampling frequency offset causes the symbol length of the uplink transmission to change relative to the known or agreed symbol length at the receiving end. The timing offset causes the time of the uplink transmission data to arrive at the receiving end to be offset. In addition, because the SFO and TO of each of the multiple environmental Internet of Things devices in the uplink multiple access are not the same, the symbol length of the uplink transmitted data and the time of arrival at the receiving end are all different, affecting the orthogonality or low correlation of the spreading sequences between the multiple user data based on code division multiple access, causing difficulty in data detection at the receiving end and deterioration of system performance.

[0034] Therefore, it is necessary to design the spreading sequence for the environmental Internet of Things device and the data transmission, optimize the characteristics of the transmitting end spreading sequence and the data transmission, so as to improve the performance of the receiving end data detection using the characteristics of the spreading sequence.

[0035] In summary, in the case of a large number of communication nodes in a wireless communication network, signal interference between communication nodes will inevitably occur. Therefore, how to avoid signal interference between different communication nodes, improve the performance of uplink multiple access of the communication node, and improve the communication quality between communication nodes in the wireless communication network has become a technical problem to be solved.

[0036] Based on this, in order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication method applied to a multiple access scenario. The first communication node can process the user data to be transmitted according to its own spreading sequence to obtain the data symbol corresponding to the user data. Then, the first communication node can integrate the data symbol and the preset pilot symbol into a first symbol sequence, and transmit the data symbol and the pilot symbol through the first symbol sequence to the second communication node, so that the second communication node can process the data symbol in the first symbol sequence based on the spreading sequence used by the first communication node and the transmission influence (such as channel interference, SFO, TO, etc.) detected by the pilot symbol, to obtain the user data transmitted by the first communication node. In this way, signal interference between different first communication nodes can be avoided, the performance of uplink multiple access of the first communication node can be improved, and the communication quality between communication nodes in the wireless communication network can be improved.

[0037] The network architecture of the mobile communication network (including but not limited to 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G and future mobile communication networks (such as 5th generation mobile communication technology Advanced (5G-A), 6th generation mobile communication technology (6G))) in the embodiments of the present disclosure can at least include a first communication node and a second communication node. It should be understood that in the present example, in the uplink, the first communication node can be a terminal side device (including but not limited to a terminal), and the second communication node can be a network (NW) side device (including but not limited to a base station). Of course, in the downlink, the first communication node can also be a network side device, and the second communication node can also be a terminal side device. In device-to-device communication, the first communication node and the second communication node can both be base stations or terminals. The first communication node and the second communication node can be referred to as the first node and the second node, respectively.

[0038] Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system according to some embodiments. The communication system can include a first communication node 101 and a second communication node 102. The first communication node 101 can be one or more, and the number is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0039] The first communication node 101 processes the user data to be transmitted according to its own spreading sequence to obtain data symbols corresponding to the user data. Then, the first communication node 101 can integrate the data symbols and the preset pilot symbols into a first symbol sequence, and transmit the data symbols and the pilot symbols to the second communication node 102 through the first symbol sequence, so that the second communication node 102 processes the data symbols in the first symbol sequence based on the spreading sequence used by the first communication node 101 and the transmission influence (such as channel interference, SFO, TO, etc.) detected by the pilot symbols to obtain the user data transmitted by the first communication node 101.

[0040] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the pilot can be a pilot sequence, a pilot symbol, a reference signal, a preamble, etc.

[0041] In addition, the wireless communication network can be an environmental Internet of Things, the first communication node can be a mobile device or a terminal device (such as a terminal), and the second communication node can be a network device (such as a base station).

[0042] A base station (BS) can be a base station or an evolved node B (eNB or eNodeB) in LTE, long term evolution advanced (LTE-A), a base station device (gNB) in a 5G network, or a base station in a future communication system, etc. The base station can include various macro base stations, micro base stations, home base stations, wireless remote devices, reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs), routers, relay stations, transmission and reception points (TRPs), receivers, access points, wireless fidelity (WIFI) devices, and various network side devices. The base station can also be referred to as a reader for communication with a terminal,

[0043] A terminal can be a device with wireless transceiving function. The terminal can be a mobile phone, a tablet computer (Pad), a computer with wireless transceiving function, a virtual reality (VR) terminal, an augmented reality (AR) terminal, a wireless terminal in industrial control, a wireless terminal in self driving, a wireless terminal in remote medical, a wireless terminal in smart grid, a wireless terminal in transportation safety, a wireless terminal in smart city, a wireless terminal in smart home, etc. Embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit the application scenarios. The terminal can also be referred to as a user, a user equipment (UE), an A-IoT device, an access terminal, a UE unit, a UE station, a mobile station, a mobile station, a remote station, a transmitter, a remote terminal, a mobile device, a UE terminal, a wireless communication device, a UE agent, or a UE apparatus, etc. Embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit this.

[0044] It should be noted that FIG. 1 is only an exemplary framework diagram, the number of devices included in FIG. 1, and the name of each device are not limited, and in addition to the devices shown in FIG. 1, the communication system can also include other devices, such as core network devices.

[0045] The application scenarios of the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited. The system architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of the present disclosure are for more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art can know that, with the evolution of network architecture and the appearance of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0046] FIG. 2 shows a flow diagram of a communication method. As shown in FIG. 2, the communication method is applied to a first communication node, and includes S201 to S203.

[0047] S201, processing user data according to an extension sequence to obtain data symbols.

[0048] The user data is data (i.e., to-be-sent data) that is about to be sent by the first communication node to a second communication node.

[0049] It should be noted that the second communication node is any communication node that can communicate with the first communication node in a wireless communication network.

[0050] As an implementation manner, the user data can include at least one of the following: service data, user identifier.

[0051] The user identifier is used to indicate the node identity of the first communication node, or the user identifier is used to indicate the user identity using the first communication node.

[0052] Moreover, the embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit the service data. For example, the service data can be text data of a short message service. For another example, the service data can be voice data of a call service. For another example, the service data can be streaming media data of a roaming service.

[0053] It should be noted that the extension sequence used by the first communication node can have at least one of the following features 1 to 4:

[0054] Feature 1: the length of the extension sequence has a positive correlation with the length of the symbol before extension, and the length of the symbol before extension is determined by signaling sent by the second communication node;

[0055] Feature 2: the length of the extension sequence has a positive correlation with the number of the first communication nodes, and the number of the first communication nodes is determined by the second communication node;

[0056] Feature 3: the length of the chip after extension coding based on the extension sequence has a multiple relationship with the length of the pilot symbol;

[0057] Feature 4: The length of the spreading sequence and the length of the symbol before spreading, the length of the chip after spreading have a constraint relationship that meets the transmission resource (such as time domain resource and / or frequency domain resource) requirement, and the transmission resource requirement is determined by the signaling sent by the second communication node.

[0058] For the above feature 1, the longer the length of the symbol before spreading, the longer the length of the spreading sequence can be. That is, the longer the length of the symbol before spreading, the greater the impact of the SFO and / or TO, and the use of a longer spreading sequence is beneficial to enhancing the orthogonality or low correlation between the spreading sequences and enhancing their ability to resist the impact of SFO and / or TO.

[0059] For the above feature 2, the first communication node is a communication node facing the multiple access of the second communication node, and the number of the first communication node can be multiple, that is, multiple first communication nodes that communicate with the second communication node share the same transmission medium or resource, and the more the number of the multiple access first communication node, the longer the length of the spreading sequence can be. That is, the more the number of the multiple access first communication node, the greater the multiple user interference, and the use of a longer spreading sequence is beneficial to increasing the number of spreading sequences and reducing the probability of collision of the spreading sequence used by the user.

[0060] For the above feature 3, the length of the chip after spreading can be the same as the length of the pilot symbol, or can be multiple times the length of the pilot symbol, which is beneficial to the alignment of the SFO / TO experienced by the pilot symbol and the data symbol, and improves the performance of using the SFO / TO estimation result based on the pilot symbol to synchronize the data symbol.

[0061] For the above feature 4, in the case where the length of the spreading sequence and the length of the symbol before spreading are determined by the signaling sent by the second communication node, the first communication node can determine the length of the chip after spreading according to the configured transmission resource requirement. Or, in the case where the length of the spreading sequence and the length of the chip after spreading are determined by the signaling sent by the second communication node, the first communication node can determine the length of the symbol before spreading according to the configured transmission resource requirement. Or, in the case where the length of the symbol before spreading and the length of the chip after spreading are determined by the signaling sent by the second communication node, the first communication node can determine the length of the spreading sequence according to the configured transmission resource requirement. That is, this constraint relationship that meets the transmission resource requirement is beneficial to the first communication node processing user data in a manner determined by the transceiver.

[0062] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the spreading sequence used by the first communication node is unique to the first communication node itself, that is, the spreading sequence used by the first communication node is different from the spreading sequence used by any other first communication node, and one first communication node corresponds to one spreading sequence.

[0063] Exemplarily, the plurality of first communication nodes simultaneously communicating with the second communication node comprises: a first communication node A and a first communication node B. The spreading sequence used by the first communication node A is sequence A, and the spreading sequence used by the first communication node B is sequence B. The sequence A is different from the sequence B.

[0064] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the spreading sequence used by the first communication node can also be the same as the spreading sequence used by other first communication nodes, that is, one first communication node randomly selects a spreading sequence from a pre-stored spreading sequence set; the spreading sequence can be the same as the spreading sequence used by other first communication nodes.

[0065] Exemplarily, the plurality of first communication nodes simultaneously communicating with the second communication node comprises: a first communication node A and a first communication node B. The spreading sequence used by the first communication node A is sequence A, and the spreading sequence used by the first communication node B is sequence B. The sequence A is different from the sequence B.

[0066] It should be noted that the spreading sequence can be a sequence pre-stored in the first communication node, or the spreading sequence can be a sequence indicated by the second communication node to the first communication node through signaling.

[0067] As an implementation manner, the first communication node pre-stores a spreading sequence set, and the spreading sequence used by the first communication node belongs to the pre-stored spreading sequence set.

[0068] In some embodiments, the spreading sequence set pre-stored by the first communication node is specific to the first communication node itself, that is, the spreading sequence set used by the first communication node is different from the spreading sequence set used by any other communication node, and one first communication node corresponds to one spreading sequence set.

[0069] In some embodiments, the spreading sequence set pre-stored by the first communication node can have an intersection part with the spreading sequence set of other first communication nodes.

[0070] The manner of selecting the spreading sequence from the pre-stored spreading sequence set can be any one of the following (I) to (III):

[0071] (I) a manner indicated by the second communication node through signaling;

[0072] (II) a manner determined based on a first predefined rule;

[0073] (III) a random selection manner.

[0074] It should be noted that the first predefined rule can include at least one of the following (a) to (c):

[0075] (a) a sequence corresponding to the identity of the first communication node (i.e., a user identity);

[0076] (b) a sequence corresponding to a pilot symbol used by the first communication node;

[0077] (c) a sequence corresponding to user data to be transmitted by the first communication node.

[0078] Exemplarily, the set of pre-stored spreading sequences in the first communication node includes: sequence A, sequence B, and sequence C.

[0079] Taking the above manner (I) as an example, if the second communication node indicates sequence B in the signaling sent to the first communication node based on the historical detection result of the SFO and the TO of the first communication node, the first communication node determines that the spreading sequence used is sequence B in response to receiving the signaling sent by the second communication node.

[0080] Taking the above manner (II) as an example, if the identity of the first communication node, the pilot symbol used by the first communication node, or the user data to be transmitted by the first communication node corresponds to sequence C, the first communication node determines that the spreading sequence used is sequence C.

[0081] Taking the above manner (III) as an example, if the first communication node randomly selects sequence A from sequence A, sequence B, and sequence C, the first communication node determines that the spreading sequence used is sequence A.

[0082] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the set of spreading sequences can satisfy at least one of the following (1) to (7):

[0083] (1) There are some sequences in the set of spreading sequences that are orthogonal to each other;

[0084] (2) All sequences in the set of spreading sequences are orthogonal to each other;

[0085] (3) All sequences in the set of spreading sequences are cyclically orthogonal to each other;

[0086] (4) There are some sequences in the set of spreading sequences that are non-orthogonal to each other;

[0087] (5) All sequences in the set of spreading sequences are non-orthogonal to each other;

[0088] (6) The cross-correlation between any two sequences in the set of spreading sequences is less than a first threshold value;

[0089] (7) The autocorrelation of any sequence in the set of spreading sequences is greater than a second threshold value.

[0090] It should be noted that the mutually orthogonal multiple spreading sequences can be the first type of spreading sequence set, the multiple spreading sequences which are non-orthogonal and / or have higher autocorrelation (i.e., autocorrelation is greater than a second threshold) and lower cross-correlation (i.e., cross-correlation is less than a first threshold) can be the second type of spreading sequence, and the cyclic orthogonal spreading sequence can be the third type of spreading sequence.

[0091] 1, for the first type of spreading sequence set can be and any 1≤i,j≤|P (1) and i≠j, there are

[0092] |P (1) | is used to represent the size of the first type of spreading sequence set P (1) [·] t or (·) t is used to represent the transpose.

[0093] Exemplarily, the first type of spreading sequence set P (1) may be a set composed of Hadamard matrices of the same length.

[0094] For example, when the length of the spreading sequence is 2, the first type of spreading sequence set can be a 2x2 matrix, i.e.

[0095] For another example, when the length of the spreading sequence is 4, the first type of spreading sequence set can be a 4x4 matrix, i.e.

[0096] For another example, when the length of the spreading sequence is 8, the first type of spreading sequence set can be an 8x8 matrix, i.e.

[0097] For another example, when the length of the spreading sequence is 16, the first type of spreading sequence set can be a 16x16 matrix, i.e.

[0098] Exemplarily, the first type of spreading sequence set P (1) may be a set composed of Walsh matrices of the same length.

[0099] For example, when the length of the spreading sequence is 4, the first type of spreading sequence set can be a 4x4 matrix, i.e.

[0100] For another example, when the length of the spreading sequence is 8, the first type of spreading sequence set can be an 8x8 matrix, i.e.

[0101] 2、For the second type of extended sequence set, it can be and any 1≤i,j≤|P (2) and i≠j, it has and a>b.

[0102] |P (2) |is used to represent the size of the second type of extended sequence set P (2) , [·] t or (·) t is used to represent the transpose, a is used to represent the autocorrelation of the extended sequence in the second type of extended sequence set, and b is used to represent the cross-correlation of the extended sequence in the second type of extended sequence set.

[0103] Exemplarily, the second type of extended sequence set P (1) may be a sequence set composed of cyclic shifts of a Barker code.

[0104] For example, when a Barker code [1 1 -1] of length 3 is selected t , the second type of extended sequence set can be Here a=3, b=-1.

[0105] For another example, when a Barker code [1 1 1 -1] of length 4 is selected t , the second type of extended sequence set can be Here a=4, b=0.

[0106] It should be noted that, as shown in Table 1, different lengths of Barker codes and the autocorrelation and cross-correlation of the extended sequences in the second type of extended sequence set composed of cyclic shifts of the Barker code are shown.

[0107] Table 1 Autocorrelation and cross-correlation of extended sequences composed of Barker codes of different lengths

[0108] Exemplarily, the second type of extended sequence set P (1) may be a sequence set composed of cyclic shifts of an M sequence.

[0109] For example, when an M sequence [1 -1-1 1 1 1 -1] of order 3 is selected t , the second type of extended sequence set can be Here a=7, b=-1.

[0110] It should be noted that, as shown in Table 2, Table 2 shows the autocorrelation and cross-correlation of the extended sequences in the second type of extended sequence set composed of the M sequences of different lengths and the cyclic shifts based on the M sequences.

[0111] Table 2 Autocorrelation and cross-correlation of the extended sequences composed of the M sequences of different lengths

[0112] Exemplarily, the second type of extended sequence set P (1) may be a sequence set composed of the cyclic shifts of the Gold sequences.

[0113] For example, when the primitive polynomial x 3 + 1 and x 3 + 1 are selected, the Gold sequence [1 -1-1 1 -1 1 1] 2 is generated. t

[0114] The second type of extended sequence set can be at this time a = 7, b = -1.

[0115] It should be noted that, as shown in Table 3, Table 3 shows the autocorrelation and cross-correlation of the extended sequences in the second type of extended sequence set composed of the Gold sequences of different lengths and the cyclic shifts based on the Gold sequences.

[0116] Table 3 Autocorrelation and cross-correlation of the extended sequences composed of the Gold sequences of different lengths

[0117] 3、For the third type of extended sequence set, it can be and any 1≤i,j≤|P (3) | and i≠j, there are and

[0118] |P (3) | is used to represent the size of the third type of extended sequence set P (3) , L is used to represent the length of the extended sequence, [·] t or (·) t is used to represent the transpose, Q is used to represent the circulant matrix composed of the cyclic shifts of the extended sequence by k positions, is used to represent the sequence obtained by cyclic shifting the extended sequence by k positions, and 0≤k<L.

[0119] Exemplarily, when the length of the extended sequence is 4, the third type of extended sequence set can be:

[0120] ​ Or,

[0121] Exemplarily, when the length of the spreading sequence is 6, the third type of spreading sequence set can be:

[0122] Or,

[0123] Or,

[0124] Or,

[0125] When the length of the spreading sequence is 8, the third type of spreading sequence set can be:

[0126] Or,

[0127] Or,

[0128] When the length of the spreading sequence is 16, the third type of spreading sequence set can be:

[0129] It should be noted that the spreading sequence set of more lengths can be deduced in the same way, and the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited.

[0130] As an implementation manner, the first communication node pre-stores a preset candidate set (i.e., a candidate set of the spreading sequence set), and the spreading sequence set used by the first communication node belongs to the pre-stored preset candidate set.

[0131] The preset candidate set can contain M spreading sequence sets, M is an integer greater than or equal to 1, the number of spreading sequences of the i th spreading sequence set is Ni, and the length of the spreading sequence is Li, Ni and Li are both integers greater than or equal to 1, i is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to M. The preset candidate set is known to the first communication node and the second communication node.

[0132] That is, the second communication node stores the preset candidate set pre-stored by each first communication node, and the second communication node knows the preset candidate set used by each first communication node.

[0133] In some embodiments, the preset candidate set pre-stored by the first communication node is unique to the first communication node, that is, the preset candidate set used by the first communication node is different from the preset candidate set used by any other communication node, and one communication node corresponds to one preset candidate set.

[0134] In some embodiments, the preset candidate set used by the first communication node can be the same as the preset candidate set of other part of the first communication nodes, or the preset candidate set used by the first communication node can have an intersection part with the preset candidate set of other part of the first communication nodes.

[0135] The manner of selecting the extended sequence set from the pre-stored preset candidate set can be any one of the following (A) and (B):

[0136] (A) the manner of sending signaling indication by the second communication node;

[0137] (B) the manner of selecting based on the set pre-set by the transceiving two ends.

[0138] It should be noted that for the implementation of manner (A), reference can be made to the embodiments of manner (1) described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0139] Exemplarily, taking manner (B) above as an example, if the preset candidate set includes set A, set B and set C, and the set pre-set by the second communication node and the first communication node (i.e. the transceiving two ends) is set B, then the first communication node determines the extended sequence set as set B.

[0140] The preset candidate set will be introduced below in combination with the first type of extended sequence set, the second type of extended sequence set and the third type of extended sequence set.

[0141] Exemplarily, the preset candidate set can include M1 first type of extended sequence sets, M2 second type of extended sequence sets and M3 third type of extended sequence sets. M1, M2 and M3 are all non-negative integers less than or equal to M, and M1+M2+M3=M.

[0142] If M1=0, it means that the preset candidate set does not include the first type of extended sequence set. Similarly, if M2=0, it means that the preset candidate set does not include the second type of extended sequence set; if M3=0, it means that the preset candidate set does not include the third type of extended sequence set.

[0143] It should be noted that the lengths of the extended sequences corresponding to the M1 first type of extended sequence sets can be the same or not completely the same. For example, in the case of M1=2, the M1 first type of extended sequence sets can be one first type of extended sequence set with an extended sequence length of 4 and one first type of extended sequence set with an extended sequence length of 8; or two first type of extended sequence sets with an extended sequence length of 8.

[0144] Similarly, the lengths of the spreading sequences corresponding to the M2 sets of the second type of spreading sequences can be the same or not completely the same. For example, in the case of M2 = 2, the M2 sets of the second type of spreading sequences can be one set of the second type of spreading sequences with a spreading sequence length of 7 and one set of the second type of spreading sequences with a spreading sequence length of 63; or two sets of the second type of spreading sequences with a spreading sequence length of 31.

[0145] The lengths of the spreading sequences corresponding to the M3 sets of the third type of spreading sequences can be the same or not completely the same. For example, in the case of M3 = 2, the M3 sets of the third type of spreading sequences can be one set of the third type of spreading sequences with a spreading sequence length of 4 and one set of the third type of spreading sequences with a spreading sequence length of 8; or two sets of the third type of spreading sequences with a spreading sequence length of 8.

[0146] As an implementation manner, after the first communication node determines the spreading sequence used, the first communication node can add information of the spreading sequence used into the user data, so that the user data can include at least one of the following: service data, user identifier, information of the spreading sequence.

[0147] The information of the spreading sequence is used to indicate the detailed spreading sequence. For example, the information of the spreading sequence can be an identifier of the spreading sequence. For another example, the information of the spreading sequence can be a detailed parameter in the spreading sequence.

[0148] It should be noted that the process of processing the user data according to the spreading sequence to obtain the data symbol can refer to the description of spreading original data to a specified frequency band in some technologies, which is not described herein.

[0149] In some embodiments, the processing of the user data in the embodiments of the present disclosure includes at least one of the following: channel coding, interleaving, scrambling, waveform coding, modulation, mapping, and spreading.

[0150] The channel coding can be convolutional code, polar code, LDPC code, Turbo code, etc.

[0151] The waveform coding can be Manchester code, FM0 code, Miller code, etc.

[0152] The modulation mode can be on-off keying (OOK), binary phase shift keying (BPSK), etc.

[0153] S202, generating a first symbol sequence according to the data symbol.

[0154] The first symbol sequence can include the data symbol.

[0155] In some embodiments, in order to facilitate the opposite node (e.g., the second communication node) of the first communication node to determine the impact (e.g., channel interference, SFO, TO, etc.) on the data symbols during the transmission, the first communication node can add pilot symbols into the first symbol sequence during the generation of the first symbol sequence, so that the first symbol sequence can include data symbols and pilot symbols.

[0156] In this way, the opposite node (e.g., the second communication node) of the first communication node can determine the impact on the data symbols during the transmission based on the pilot symbols carried by the first symbol sequence, so as to recover the data symbols and ensure that the opposite node can receive complete and correct data symbols.

[0157] It should be noted that the pilot symbols used by the first communication node can be pilot symbols preset by both ends of the transceiver (i.e., the first communication node and the second communication node), that is, the pilot symbols are known to both the first communication node and the second communication node. That is, the second communication node knows the pilot symbols used by each first communication node.

[0158] Alternatively, the pilot symbols can be pilot symbols randomly selected by the first communication node from a pilot symbol set, and the pilot symbol set is known to both the first communication node and the second communication node. That is, the second communication node knows the pilot symbol set used by each first communication node.

[0159] Alternatively, the pilot symbols can be pilot symbols locally pre-stored in the first communication node, and the pilot symbols are known to both the first communication node and the second communication node. That is, the second communication node knows the pilot symbols used by each first communication node.

[0160] In some embodiments, the pilot symbols used by the first communication node are unique to the first communication node, that is, the pilot symbols used by the first communication node are different from the pilot symbols used by any other first communication node, and one first communication node corresponds to one pilot symbol.

[0161] Alternatively, the pilot symbols used by the first communication node can be the same as the pilot symbols used by other first communication nodes.

[0162] As an implementation manner, after the first communication node adds the pilot symbols into the first symbol sequence, the first communication node can add the information of the pilot symbols used into the user data, so that the user data can include at least one of the following: service data, user identifier, information of the pilot symbols, information of the spreading sequence.

[0163] The information of the pilot symbol is used to indicate the detailed pilot symbol. For example, the information of the pilot symbol can be an identification of the pilot symbol. For another example, the information of the pilot symbol can be detailed parameters of the pilot symbol.

[0164] In some embodiments, in the multiple access transmission, the A-IoT device (i.e., the first communication node) can select a pilot sequence (i.e., a pilot symbol) from the set of pilot sequences according to pre-setting or according to signaling configuration or randomly, and then transmit the pilot (i.e., the pilot symbol) to the base station (i.e., the second communication node) together with data (i.e., data symbols), so that the base station can perform channel estimation, SFO and TO estimation through the pilot.

[0165] S203, transmit the first symbol sequence to the second communication node.

[0166] It can be understood that, in the multiple access transmission, when there is service to be transmitted, the A-IoT device (i.e., the first communication node) first determines the set of spreading sequences from the candidate set (i.e., the preset candidate set) of the set of spreading sequences on the transmitting side, and then determines a spreading sequence from the set of spreading sequences, and then can adopt a traditional data processing manner, i.e., performing channel coding, waveform coding, modulation, spreading code coding and the like on the to-be-transmitted data (i.e., user data) bits to form modulated data symbols, that is, to-be-transmitted data symbols. Then, the to-be-transmitted pilot sequence (or pilot symbol) and the to-be-transmitted data symbol are mapped to the time-frequency resource for transmission. That is, the first communication node can process the to-be-transmitted user data according to its own spreading sequence to obtain data symbols corresponding to the user data. Then, the first communication node can integrate the data symbols and the preset pilot symbol into a first symbol sequence, and transmit the data symbols and the pilot symbol through the first symbol sequence to the second communication node, so that the second communication node can process the data symbols in the first symbol sequence based on the spreading sequence or the set of spreading sequences used by the first communication node and the transmission influence (such as channel interference, SFO, TO, etc.) detected by the pilot symbol, to obtain the user data transmitted by the first communication node. In this way, signal interference between different first communication nodes can be avoided, the performance of uplink multiple access of the first communication node can be improved, and the communication quality between communication nodes in the wireless communication network can be improved.

[0167] It should be noted that for code division multiple access transmission, in the scheduling-free scenario, the base station (i.e., the second communication node) does not know which users are currently transmitting data. Therefore, the base station needs to blindly detect the received superimposed pilot and data symbols of multiple users to complete the detection and recovery of the data of multiple users. However, for the received signal superimposed by multiple users, it is difficult for the base station to perfectly estimate the SFO and TO of each user through the pilot, and the residual SFO and TO will still affect the system performance. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the selection of the spreading sequence and the data transmission method, improve the ability of the spreading sequence to resist SFO and TO, and thus ensure the performance of multiple access.

[0168] The embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a communication method applied to a second communication node. As shown in FIG. 3, the communication method can include S301 to S302.

[0169] S301, receiving a second symbol sequence.

[0170] The second symbol sequence includes data symbols and pilot symbols, and the second symbol sequence is superimposed by first symbol sequences of multiple users (transmitted), and one user corresponds to one first communication node.

[0171] As an implementation manner, the second communication node can simultaneously communicate with multiple first communication nodes. The second communication node can receive, at the same time (or period), the second symbol sequence superimposed by the first symbol sequences transmitted by the multiple first communication nodes.

[0172] S302, based on an estimation result of the pilot symbols in the second symbol sequence and a spreading sequence set of each user in the multiple users, checking the data symbols in the second symbol sequence to obtain user data of the multiple users.

[0173] The estimation result of the pilot symbols in the second symbol sequence is used to indicate the influence of the data transmission between the transceiver (i.e., the second communication node and the multiple first communication nodes).

[0174] As an implementation manner, the estimation result of the pilot symbols can include at least one of the following: an estimation result of a channel, an estimation result of SFO, and an estimation result of TO.

[0175] For the estimation result of the channel, the second communication node can use the pilot sequence set to detect the received pilot symbols, and complete the channel estimation according to the difference change of the received pilot symbols to obtain the estimation result of the channel.

[0176] For the estimation result of SFO and the estimation result of TO, the second communication node can perform SFO and TO estimation on the detected pilot symbols to obtain the estimation result of SFO and the estimation result of TO.

[0177] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the second communication node can detect the data symbols in the second symbol sequence by preset operations to obtain the user data of the plurality of users. The preset operations can include step one and step two.

[0178] In step one, the second communication node processes the data symbols in the second symbol sequence based on the estimation result of the pilot symbols in the second symbol sequence to obtain processed data symbols.

[0179] That is, the second communication node can eliminate or alleviate the transmission impact on the data symbols in the second symbol sequence based on the estimation result of the pilot symbols in the second symbol sequence, and restore or enhance the integrity and accuracy of the data symbols in the second symbol sequence.

[0180] It should be noted that the manner of processing the data symbols in the second symbol sequence based on the estimation result of the pilot symbols in the second symbol sequence can include at least one of the following:

[0181] channel equalization based on the estimation result of the channel;

[0182] synchronization based on the estimation result of the SFO;

[0183] synchronization based on the estimation result of the TO.

[0184] channel equalization of the received data symbols superimposed by the plurality of users using the estimation result of the channel to obtain equalized data symbols;

[0185] synchronization of the equalized data symbols using the estimation results of the SFO and the TO, i.e., alleviating the impact of the SFO and the TO, to obtain synchronized data symbols (i.e., processed data symbols).

[0186] In step two, the second communication node detects and processes the processed data symbols according to the spreading sequence set of the target user to obtain the user data of the target user.

[0187] The target user is any one of the plurality of users.

[0188] That is, the second communication node can use the spreading sequence set to perform minimum mean square error (MMSE) or matched filter detection on the synchronized data symbols, identify the spreading sequence sent by the user, and complete active user detection and user data recovery. That is, the second communication node can traverse the spreading sequences in the spreading sequence set of each user, identify the user and detect the data of the processed data symbols, and then gradually obtain the user data of each user.

[0189] In some embodiments, the method for the second communication node to determine the set of spreading sequences can be determined by signaling configuration or determined according to a preset manner.

[0190] For example, the second communication node can send signaling to configure the set of spreading sequences for the first communication node to perform uplink transmission according to the historical detection of the SFO and TO of the first communication node, and the second communication node can keep the information of the set of spreading sequences for detecting the received data of multiple users.

[0191] Alternatively, the second communication node can also use a preset set of spreading sequences known to both the transmitter and the receiver to perform detection.

[0192] It should be noted that the detection processing of the processed data symbols includes at least one of the following: despreading, demapping, demodulation, waveform decoding, descrambling, deinterleaving, and channel decoding.

[0193] That is, the second communication node can demodulate and decode the data symbols of the active user, and determine whether the decoding is correct according to the cyclic redundancy check (CRC) result.

[0194] In some embodiments, in the contention-based scheduling-free transmission scenario, the data part can carry the identity of the user, and the second communication node can obtain the identity information of the user and the data transmitted by the user after correctly decoding the data. In addition, the data part can also carry the information of the pilot symbol and the information of the spreading sequence.

[0195] In some embodiments, after the above step two, the preset operation can further include steps three to six.

[0196] Step three, the second communication node reconstructs the first symbol sequence sent by the target user based on the user data of the target user to obtain a third symbol sequence.

[0197] That is, the third symbol sequence is the first symbol sequence sent by the first communication node corresponding to the target user and not affected by the transmission.

[0198] In some embodiments, the second communication node can determine the spreading sequence used by the first communication node corresponding to the target user based on the information of the spreading sequence in the user data of the target user, and process the user data of the target user based on the determined spreading sequence to obtain the data symbol of the target user. Then, the second communication node can determine the pilot symbol used by the first communication node corresponding to the target user based on the information of the pilot symbol in the user data of the target user, and perform merging processing on the data symbol of the target user and the pilot symbol of the target user to obtain the third symbol sequence.

[0199] Step four, the second communication node reconstructs the third symbol sequence received by the second communication node based on the estimation result of the channel and the third symbol sequence, to obtain a fourth symbol sequence.

[0200] That is, the second communication node can simulate the influence on the third symbol sequence in the transmission process based on the estimation result of the channel, that is, the fourth symbol sequence is the third symbol sequence actually received by the second communication node and affected by the transmission.

[0201] Step five, the second communication node removes the fourth symbol sequence from the second symbol sequence to obtain a removed second symbol sequence.

[0202] Step six, the second communication node repeatedly performs the preset operation on the removed second symbol sequence until no user data can be detected.

[0203] That is, after step five, the second communication node can perform the above steps one and two on the removed second symbol sequence until no user data can be detected in the removed second symbol sequence.

[0204] In some embodiments, after step five, the second communication node can perform the above steps one and two on the removed second symbol sequence to repeat the above preset operation until the number of repetitions of the preset operation reaches a specified iteration number.

[0205] It can be understood that for the correctly decoded user, the second communication node can generate the data symbol sent by the user after re-encoding, modulation and other steps of the decoded bit output, and determine the pilot symbol sent by the user according to the information of the pilot symbol, and the pilot symbol and the data symbol together constitute the sending symbol (i.e. the third symbol sequence) of the user. Using the estimation result of the channel and the estimation result of the SFO and the TO, the received symbol (i.e. the fourth symbol sequence) is reconstructed, and then subtracted from the received signal (i.e. the second symbol sequence), to realize interference cancellation.

[0206] In some embodiments, the estimation result of the channel used by the second communication node in the above step four can be the estimation result of the channel of the pilot symbol in the second symbol sequence; or the estimation result of the channel used by the second communication node in the above step four can be the estimation result obtained by performing least square (LS) channel estimation on the second symbol sequence and the third symbol sequence.

[0207] That is, the second communication node can perform least squares (LS) channel estimation on the transmitted symbols (i.e., the third symbol sequence) reconstructed by all the users with correct decoding, obtain an updated channel estimation result, reconstruct the received symbols (i.e., the fourth symbol sequence) based on the updated channel estimation result, and perform interference cancellation.

[0208] In summary, the various features and lengths of the extended sequence set proposed in the embodiments of the present disclosure can better combat the effects of SFO and TO, and can improve the system performance of the uplink code division multiple access of the environmental Internet of Things.

[0209] It should be noted that the description of the extended sequence set can refer to the introduction of the extended sequence set in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0210] The communication method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure will be introduced below in combination with detailed embodiments. As shown in FIG. 4, FIG. 4 shows the communication interaction between a plurality of first communication nodes (such as the first communication node 1 corresponding to user 1 and the first communication node 2 corresponding to user 2) and a second communication node. The communication method in the embodiments of the present disclosure can include S401-S406.

[0211] S401, the first communication node 1 processes user data according to the extended sequence to obtain data symbols.

[0212] S402, the first communication node 1 sends the first symbol sequence to the second communication node.

[0213] S403, the first communication node 2 processes user data according to the extended sequence to obtain data symbols.

[0214] S404, the first communication node 2 sends the first symbol sequence to the second communication node.

[0215] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present disclosure, S401-S402 and S403-S404 can be executed simultaneously, or S401-S402 and S403-S404 can be executed within the same period.

[0216] S405, the second communication node receives the second symbol sequence.

[0217] The second symbol sequence can be composed of the first symbol sequence sent by the first communication node 1 and the first symbol sequence sent by the first communication node 2.

[0218] S406, the second communication node performs checking on the data symbols in the second symbol sequence based on the estimation result of the pilot symbols in the second symbol sequence and the spreading sequence set of user 1 and the spreading sequence set of user 2, to obtain user data of user 1 and user data of user 2.

[0219] It can be understood that the communication device comprises hardware structures and / or software modules corresponding to the execution of each function in order to realize the above functions. Those skilled in the art should easily realize that the algorithm steps of each example described in combination with the embodiments of the present disclosure can be realized in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a certain function is executed in the form of hardware or computer software driven hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional technicians can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present disclosure.

[0220] The embodiments of the present disclosure can divide the function modules of the communication device according to the above-mentioned method embodiments. For example, each function module can be divided according to each function, or two or more functions can be integrated into one function module. The integrated module can be realized in the form of hardware or software. It should be noted that the division of modules in the embodiments of the present disclosure is illustrative, and is only a logical function division. When actually implemented, there can be another division manner. The following will be described taking the example of dividing each function module according to each function.

[0221] FIG. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a communication device according to some embodiments. The communication device can be applied to the first communication node and execute the communication method shown in FIG. 2 and the embodiment corresponding to the first communication node in the communication method shown in FIG. 4. As shown in FIG. 5, the communication device 500 comprises a processing module 501 and a sending module 502.

[0222] The processing module 501 is configured to process the user data according to the spreading sequence to obtain the data symbol. The sending module 502 is configured to send the first symbol sequence to the second communication node, the first symbol sequence comprising the data symbol and the pilot symbol.

[0223] In some embodiments, the spreading sequence has at least one of the following characteristics:

[0224] The length of the spreading sequence has a positive correlation with the length of the symbol before spreading, and the length of the symbol before spreading is determined by signaling sent by the second communication node;

[0225] The length of the spreading sequence has a positive correlation with the number of the first communication nodes, and the number of the first communication nodes is determined by the second communication node;

[0226] The length of the spreaded chip after the spreaded coding based on the spreading sequence has a multiple relationship with the length of the pilot symbol.

[0227] The length of the spreading sequence has a constraint relationship with the length of the symbol before spreading and the length of the chip after spreading, which meets the transmission resource requirement determined by the signaling sent by the second communication node.

[0228] In some embodiments, the spreading sequence belongs to a spreading sequence set, and the way of selecting the spreading sequence from the spreading sequence set is any of the following:

[0229] The way of sending the signaling indication by the second communication node;

[0230] The way determined based on the first predefined rule;

[0231] The way of random selection.

[0232] In some embodiments, the first predefined rule includes at least one of the following: a sequence corresponding to the user identifier of the first communication node, a sequence corresponding to the pilot symbol, and a sequence corresponding to the user data.

[0233] In some embodiments, the spreading sequence set meets at least one of the following:

[0234] There are some sequences in the spreading sequence set that are orthogonal to each other;

[0235] All sequences in the spreading sequence set are orthogonal to each other;

[0236] All sequences in the spreading sequence set are cyclically orthogonal to each other;

[0237] There are some sequences in the spreading sequence set that are non-orthogonal to each other;

[0238] All sequences in the spreading sequence set are non-orthogonal to each other;

[0239] The cross-correlation between any two sequences in the spreading sequence set is less than a first threshold value;

[0240] The autocorrelation of any sequence in the spreading sequence set is greater than a second threshold value.

[0241] In some embodiments, the spreading sequence set belongs to a preset candidate set, and the way of selecting the spreading sequence set from the preset candidate set is any of the following:

[0242] The way of sending the signaling indication by the second communication node;

[0243] The way of selecting based on the set preset by the transceiver;

[0244] In some embodiments, the preset candidate set is common known by the first communication node and the second communication node;

[0245] In some embodiments, the user data comprises at least one of the following: service data, user identification, information of pilot symbols, information of spreading sequences.

[0246] In some embodiments, the processing of the user data comprises at least one of the following: channel coding, interleaving, scrambling, waveform coding, modulation, mapping, spreading.

[0247] FIG. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a communication apparatus according to some embodiments. The communication apparatus 600 can be applied to the second communication node and perform the communication method shown in FIG. 3 and the embodiment corresponding to the second communication node in the communication method shown in FIG. 4. As shown in FIG. 6, the communication apparatus 600 comprises a receiving module 601 and a processing module 602.

[0248] The receiving module 601 is configured to receive a second symbol sequence, the second symbol sequence comprising data symbols and pilot symbols, the second symbol sequence being composed of superposition of first symbol sequences of a plurality of users. The processing module 602 is configured to detect the data symbols in the second symbol sequence based on an estimation result of the pilot symbols in the second symbol sequence and a spreading sequence set of each user in the plurality of users, to obtain user data of the plurality of users.

[0249] In some embodiments, the processing module 602 is configured to detect the data symbols in the second symbol sequence by a preset operation to obtain the user data of the plurality of users, and the preset operation comprises:

[0250] processing the data symbols in the second symbol sequence based on the estimation result of the pilot symbols in the second symbol sequence to obtain processed data symbols.

[0251] detecting and processing the processed data symbols according to the spreading sequence set of the target user to obtain user data of the target user, the target user being any user in the plurality of users.

[0252] In some embodiments, the estimation result of the pilot symbols comprises at least one of the following: an estimation result of a channel, an estimation result of a sampling frequency offset, an estimation result of a timing offset.

[0253] In some embodiments, the manner of processing the data symbols in the second symbol sequence based on the estimation result of the pilot symbols in the second symbol sequence comprises at least one of the following: performing channel equalization based on the estimation result of the channel, performing synchronization based on the estimation result of the sampling frequency offset, and performing synchronization based on the estimation result of the timing offset.

[0254] In some embodiments, the detection processing of the processed data symbol comprises at least one of the following: despreading, demapping, demodulation, waveform decoding, descrambling, deinterleaving, and channel decoding.

[0255] In some embodiments, the preset operation further comprises:

[0256] Based on the user data of the target user, the first symbol sequence sent by the target user is reconstructed to obtain a third symbol sequence.

[0257] Based on the estimation result of the channel and the third symbol sequence, the received third symbol sequence is reconstructed to obtain a fourth symbol sequence.

[0258] The fourth symbol sequence is removed from the second symbol sequence to obtain a second symbol sequence after removal.

[0259] The preset operation is repeatedly performed on the second symbol sequence after removal until no user data can be detected.

[0260] In some embodiments, the estimation result of the channel is an estimation result of the channel of the pilot symbol in the second symbol sequence; or,

[0261] The estimation result of the channel is an estimation result obtained by performing least square channel estimation on the second symbol sequence and the third symbol sequence.

[0262] In some embodiments, the spreading sequence set belongs to any set in a preset candidate set, and the way of determining the spreading sequence set from the preset candidate set is any of the following:

[0263] The way of sending the signaling by the second communication node.

[0264] The way of determining based on a set preset by the transceiver.

[0265] In some embodiments, the preset candidate set is commonly known by the transceiver.

[0266] In some embodiments, the user data comprises at least one of the following: service data, user identifier, information of pilot symbol, and information of spreading sequence.

[0267] In some embodiments, the spreading sequence set satisfies at least one of the following:

[0268] There is mutual orthogonality between some sequences in the spreading sequence set;

[0269] All sequences in the spreading sequence set are mutually orthogonal;

[0270] All sequences in the spreading sequence set are cyclically orthogonal;

[0271] Some sequences in the extended sequence set are not orthogonal to each other;

[0272] All sequences in the extended sequence set are not orthogonal to each other;

[0273] The cross-correlation between any two sequences in the extended sequence set is less than a first threshold value;

[0274] The autocorrelation of any sequence in the extended sequence set is greater than a second threshold value.

[0275] In the case of implementing the functions of the above integrated modules in the form of hardware, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide another structure of the communication device involved in the above embodiments. As shown in FIG. 7, the communication device 700 includes a processor 702, a bus 704. In some embodiments, the communication device can further include a memory 701; in some embodiments, the communication device can further include a communication interface 703.

[0276] The processor 702 can be various exemplary logical blocks, modules and circuits described in combination with the embodiments of the present disclosure. The processor 702 can be a central processing unit, a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, transistor logic device, hardware component or any combination thereof. The processor 702 can implement or execute various exemplary logical blocks, modules and circuits described in combination with the embodiments of the present disclosure. The processor 702 can also be a combination of computing functions, such as a combination of one or more microprocessors, a combination of DSP and microprocessor, etc.

[0277] The communication interface 703 is used to connect with other devices through a communication network. The communication network can be Ethernet, wireless access network, wireless local area network (WLAN) and the like.

[0278] The memory 701 can be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (RAM) or other type of dynamic storage device that can store information and instructions, an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a magnetic disk storage medium or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto.

[0279] As an implementation manner, the memory 701 can exist independently of the processor 702, and the memory 701 can be connected with the processor 702 through the bus 704, for storing instructions or program codes. When the processor 702 invokes and executes the instructions or program codes stored in the memory 701, the communication method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented.

[0280] In another implementation manner, the memory 701 can also be integrated with the processor 702.

[0281] The bus 704 can be an extended industry standard architecture (EISA) bus or the like. The bus 704 can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus and the like. For the convenience of representation, only one thick line is used in FIG. 7, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or only one type of bus.

[0282] Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a computer readable storage medium (for example, a non-transitory computer readable storage medium) having computer program instructions stored therein, and the computer program instructions, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the communication method described in any of the above embodiments.

[0283] Exemplarily, the above computer readable storage medium can include, but is not limited to, a magnetic storage device (for example, a hard disk, a floppy disk or a magnetic tape and the like), an optical disc (for example, a compact disk (CD), a digital versatile disc (DVD) and the like), a smart card and a flash memory device (for example, an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), a card, a stick or a key drive and the like). The various computer readable storage media described in the present disclosure can represent one or more devices and / or other machine readable storage media for storing information. The term "machine readable storage medium" can include, but is not limited to, a wireless channel and various other media capable of storing, containing and / or carrying instructions and / or data.

[0284] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a computer program product containing instructions, and when the computer program product is executed on a computer, the computer performs the communication method described in any of the above embodiments.

[0285] The above is only a specific implementation manner of the present disclosure, but the protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and any change or replacement within the technical scope disclosed in the present disclosure should be covered in the protection scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A communication method, wherein, The method is performed by a first communication node, and the method comprises: processing user data according to an extension sequence to obtain data symbols; sending a first symbol sequence to a second communication node, the first symbol sequence comprising the data symbols and pilot symbols.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The extension sequence has at least one of the following characteristics: The length of the extension sequence has a positive correlation with the length of the symbols before extension, which is determined by signaling sent by the second communication node; The length of the extension sequence has a positive correlation with the number of the first communication nodes, which is determined by the second communication node; The length of the chips after extension coding based on the extension sequence has a multiple relationship with the length of the pilot symbols; The length of the extension sequence has a constraint relationship with the length of the symbols before extension and the length of the chips after extension, which satisfies transmission resource requirements determined by signaling sent by the second communication node.

3. The method of any one of claims 1-2, wherein, The extension sequence belongs to an extension sequence set, and the extension sequence is selected from the extension sequence set in any of the following ways: a signaling indication sent by the second communication node; a determination based on a first predefined rule; a random selection.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein, The first predefined rule comprises at least one of the following: a sequence corresponding to a user identifier of the first communication node, a sequence corresponding to the pilot symbols, and a sequence corresponding to the user data.

5. The method of any one of claims 3-4, wherein, The extension sequence set satisfies at least one of the following: There are some sequences in the extension sequence set that are mutually orthogonal; All sequences in the extension sequence set are mutually orthogonal; All sequences in the extension sequence set are cyclically orthogonal; There are some sequences in the extension sequence set that are not orthogonal; All sequences in the extension sequence set are not orthogonal; The cross-correlation between any two sequences in the extension sequence set is less than a first threshold value; The autocorrelation of any sequence in the extension sequence set is greater than a second threshold value.

6. The method of any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein, The extension sequence set belongs to a preset candidate set, and the extension sequence set is selected from the preset candidate set in any of the following ways: a signaling indication sent by the second communication node, or a selection based on a set preset by a transceiver.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein, The preset candidate set is known to both the first communication node and the second communication node.

8. The method of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein, The user data comprises at least one of the following: service data, a user identifier, information of pilot symbols, and information of extension sequences.

9. The method of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein, The processing of the user data comprises at least one of the following: channel coding, interleaving, scrambling, waveform coding, modulation, mapping, and extension.

10. A communication method, wherein, The method is performed by a second communication node, and the method comprises: receiving a second symbol sequence, the second symbol sequence comprising data symbols and pilot symbols, the second symbol sequence being composed of superposition of first symbol sequences of multiple users; detecting data symbols in the second symbol sequence based on the estimation result of the pilot symbols in the second symbol sequence and the spreading sequence set of each user in the plurality of users to obtain user data of the plurality of users.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein, The detecting the data symbols in the second symbol sequence based on the estimation result of the pilot symbols in the second symbol sequence and the spreading sequence set of each user in the plurality of users to obtain user data comprises: detecting the data symbols in the second symbol sequence by a preset operation to obtain user data of the plurality of users, the preset operation comprising: processing the data symbols in the second symbol sequence based on the estimation result of the pilot symbols in the second symbol sequence to obtain processed data symbols; detecting the processed data symbols based on the spreading sequence set of the target user to obtain user data of the target user, the target user being any user in the plurality of users.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein, The estimation result of the pilot symbols comprises at least one of the following: an estimation result of a channel, an estimation result of a sampling frequency offset, and an estimation result of a timing offset.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein, The manner of processing the data symbols in the second symbol sequence based on the estimation result of the pilot symbols in the second symbol sequence comprises at least one of the following: channel equalization based on the estimation result of the channel, synchronization based on the estimation result of the sampling frequency offset, and synchronization based on the estimation result of the timing offset.

14. The method of any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein, The manner of detecting the processed data symbols comprises at least one of the following: despreading, demapping, demodulation, waveform decoding, descrambling, deinterleaving, and channel decoding.

15. The method of any one of claims 11-14, wherein, The preset operation further comprises: reconstructing a first symbol sequence sent by the target user based on the user data of the target user to obtain a third symbol sequence; reconstructing the third symbol sequence received based on the estimation result of the channel and the third symbol sequence to obtain a fourth symbol sequence; eliminating the fourth symbol sequence from the second symbol sequence to obtain an eliminated second symbol sequence; repeating the preset operation on the eliminated second symbol sequence until no user data can be detected.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein, The estimation result of the channel is an estimation result of a channel of the pilot symbols in the second symbol sequence; or The estimation result of the channel is an estimation result obtained by performing least square channel estimation on the second symbol sequence and the third symbol sequence.

17. The method of any one of claims 10 to 16, wherein, The spreading sequence set belongs to any set in a preset candidate set, and a manner of determining the spreading sequence set from the preset candidate set is any of the following: a manner of indicating by signaling sent by the second communication node; or a manner of determining based on a set preset by a transceiving end.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein, The preset candidate set is commonly known by a transceiving end.

19. The method of any one of claims 10 to 18, wherein, The user data comprises at least one of the following: service data, a user identifier, information of pilot symbols, and information of spreading sequences.

20. The method of any one of claims 10 to 19, wherein, The spreading sequence set satisfies at least one of the following: some sequences in the spreading sequence set are orthogonal to each other; or all sequences in the spreading sequence set are orthogonal to each other. All sequences in the extended sequence set are cyclically orthogonal to each other; There is non-orthogonality between some sequences in the extended sequence set; All sequences in the extended sequence set are non-orthogonal to each other; The cross-correlation between any two sequences in the extended sequence set is less than a first threshold value; The autocorrelation of any sequence in the extended sequence set is greater than a second threshold value.

21. A communications device comprising: A memory and a processor; The memory and the processor are coupled; The memory is configured to store instructions executable by the processor; The processor executes the instructions to perform the method according to any one of claims 1-20.

22. A computer readable storage medium, wherein, The computer readable storage medium stores computer instructions, when the computer instructions run on a computer, make the computer execute the method according to any one of claims 1-20.

23. A computer program product, wherein, The computer program product includes computer program instructions, when the computer program instructions are executed, realize the method according to any one of claims 1-20.

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