Method and apparatus for switching sensing mode

Abstract

Provided are a method by which a first device performs wireless communication and an apparatus supporting same. The method may comprise the steps of: performing sensing on the basis of a server-supported sensing mode; and acquiring sensing data on the basis of the sensing on the basis of the server-supported sensing mode. For example, the sensing based on the server-supported sensing mode may be performed on the basis of a resource for transmitting a sensing signal not being allocated to the first device.

Description

Method and device for switching sensing modes

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a wireless communication system.

[0002] 5G NR, the successor to LTE (long-term evolution), is a new clean-slate mobile communications system characterized by high performance, low latency, and high availability. 5G NR can utilize all available spectrum resources, from low-frequency bands below 1 GHz, mid-frequency bands between 1 GHz and 10 GHz, and high-frequency (millimeter wave) bands above 24 GHz.

[0003] The 6G (wireless communication) system aims to achieve (i) very high data rates per device, (ii) a very large number of connected devices, (iii) global connectivity, (iv) very low latency, (v) low energy consumption for battery-free Internet of Things (IoT) devices, (vi) ultra-reliable connectivity, and (vii) connected intelligence with machine learning capabilities. The vision of the 6G system can be divided into four aspects: intelligent connectivity, deep connectivity, holographic connectivity, and ubiquitous connectivity, and the 6G system can satisfy the requirements as shown in Table 1 below. For example, Table 1 can represent an example of the requirements of a 6G system.

[0004] Per device peak data rate 1 Tbps E2E latency 1 ms Maximum spectral efficiency 100 bps / Hz Mobility support Up to 1000 km / hr Satellite integration Fully AI Fully autonomous vehicle Fully XR Fully haptic communication Fully

[0005] In one embodiment, a method for a first device to perform wireless communication is provided. The method may include: performing sensing based on a server-assisted sensing mode; and acquiring sensing data based on the sensing based on the server-assisted sensing mode. For example, the sensing based on the server-assisted sensing mode may be performed based on the first device not being allocated resources for transmitting a sensing signal.

[0006] In one embodiment, a first device configured to perform wireless communication is provided. The first device may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, may cause the first device to: perform sensing based on a server-assisted sensing mode; and acquire sensing data based on the sensing based on the server-assisted sensing mode. For example, the sensing based on the server-assisted sensing mode may be performed based on the first device not being allocated resources for transmitting a sensing signal.

[0007] In one embodiment, a processing device configured to control a first device is provided. The processing device includes at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions, wherein the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first device to: perform sensing based on a server-assisted sensing mode; and acquire sensing data based on the sensing based on the server-assisted sensing mode. For example, the sensing based on the server-assisted sensing mode may be performed based on the fact that no resources for transmitting a sensing signal are allocated to the first device.

[0008] In one embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having instructions recorded thereon is provided. The instructions, when executed, cause a first device to: perform sensing based on a server-assisted sensing mode; and acquire sensing data based on the sensing based on the server-assisted sensing mode. For example, the sensing based on the server-assisted sensing mode may be performed based on the first device not being allocated resources for transmitting a sensing signal.

[0009] Figure 1 illustrates a device-to-device communication procedure according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0010] FIG. 2 illustrates a radio protocol architecture according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0011] FIG. 3 illustrates the structure of a wireless frame according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0012] FIG. 4 illustrates a slot structure of a frame according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0013] FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a BWP according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0014] FIG. 6 illustrates a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0015] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a communication scenario based on a 6G system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0016] FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a sensing operation according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0017] FIG. 9 illustrates a support scenario for a sensing service in ISAC according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0018] FIG. 10 illustrates a method for switching to a server-assisted sensing mode according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0019] FIG. 11 illustrates a method for switching sensing modes according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0020] FIG. 12 illustrates a method for a first device to perform wireless communication according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] FIG. 13 illustrates a method for a second device to perform wireless communication according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0022] Fig. 14 illustrates a communication system (1) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] FIG. 15 illustrates a wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] FIG. 16 illustrates a signal processing circuit for a transmission signal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] FIG. 17 illustrates a wireless device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] FIG. 18 illustrates a mobile device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0027] In this disclosure, "A or B" can mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." In other words, "A or B" in this disclosure can be interpreted as "A and / or B." For example, "A, B or C" in this disclosure can mean "only A," "only B," "only C," or "any combination of A, B and C."

[0028] As used herein, a slash ( / ) or a comma may mean "and / or." For example, "A / B" may mean "A and / or B." Accordingly, "A / B" may mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." For example, "A, B, C" may mean "A, B, or C."

[0029] In the present disclosure, “at least one of A and B” may mean “only A,” “only B,” or “both A and B.” Additionally, in the present disclosure, the expressions “at least one of A or B” or “at least one of A and / or B” may be interpreted identically to “at least one of A and B.”

[0030] Additionally, in the present disclosure, “at least one of A, B and C” can mean “only A,” “only B,” “only C,” or “any combination of A, B and C.” Additionally, “at least one of A, B or C” or “at least one of A, B and / or C” can mean “at least one of A, B and C.”

[0031] Additionally, parentheses used in the present disclosure may mean "for example." Specifically, when indicated as "control information (PDCCH)", "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information." In other words, "control information" in the present disclosure is not limited to "PDCCH," and "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information." Furthermore, even when indicated as "control information (i.e., PDCCH)", "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information."

[0032] In the following explanation, ‘when, if, in case of’ can be replaced with ‘based on’.

[0033] Technical features individually described in one drawing in this disclosure may be implemented individually or simultaneously.

[0034] In the present disclosure, higher layer parameters may be parameters set for the terminal, preset, or predefined. For example, a base station or network may transmit higher layer parameters to the terminal. For example, the higher layer parameters may be transmitted via radio resource control (RRC) signaling or medium access control (MAC) signaling.

[0035] In the present disclosure, "setting or defining" may be interpreted as being set or preset to a device through predefined signaling (e.g., SIB, MAC, RRC) from a base station or a network. In the present disclosure, "setting or defining" may be interpreted as being preset to a device. In the present disclosure, "setting or defining" may be interpreted as being set or preset to a device through predefined signaling (e.g., MAC, RRC, SCI (sidelink control information), device-to-device signaling control information, etc.) from another device. In the present disclosure, "setting or defining" may be interpreted as being preset to a device.

[0036] In the present disclosure, a user equipment (UE) may refer to a device, a portable device, a wireless device, etc. In the present disclosure, a base station (BS) may refer to a radio access network (RAN) node, a non-terrestrial network (NTN) cell / node, a transmission reception point (TRP), a network, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a device, a portable device, a wireless device, etc.

[0037] The technology proposed in the present disclosure can be used in various wireless communication systems such as CDMA (code division multiple access), FDMA (frequency division multiple access), TDMA (time division multiple access), OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access), and SC-FDMA (single carrier frequency division multiple access). CDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as UTRA (universal terrestrial radio access) or CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as GSM (global system for mobile communications) / GPRS (general packet radio service) / EDGE (enhanced data rates for GSM evolution). OFDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, E-UTRA (evolved UTRA), LTE (long term evolution), and 5G NR.

[0038] The technology proposed in this disclosure can be implemented with 6G wireless technology and applied to various 6G systems. For example, 6G systems can have key factors such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC), massive machine-type communication (mMTC), artificial intelligence (AI) integrated communication, tactile internet, high throughput, high network capacity, high energy efficiency, low backhaul and access network congestion, and enhanced data security.

[0039] FIG. 1 illustrates a device-to-device communication procedure according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 1 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0040] Referring to FIG. 1, in step S101, a first device and a second device can perform synchronization. For example, the first device can be a terminal and / or at least one of the devices proposed in the present disclosure. For example, the second device can be a base station, a network, a RAN node, an NTN node / cell, a TRP, a terminal and / or at least one of the devices proposed in the present disclosure. For example, the first device can perform an initial cell search operation. For example, the first device can detect at least one synchronization signal transmitted by the second device according to a predefined rule. Here, for example, the synchronization signal can include a plurality of synchronization signals classified according to a structure or purpose (e.g., a primary synchronization signal, a secondary synchronization signal, etc.). Through this, the first device can identify the boundaries of the frame, subframe, time unit, slot, and / or symbol of the second device, and the first device can obtain information about the second device (e.g., a cell identifier).

[0041] In step S103, the first device can obtain system information transmitted by the second device. For example, the system information may include information related to the properties, characteristics, and / or capabilities of the second device required to connect to the second device and use the service. For example, the system information may be classified according to content (e.g., whether it is essential for connection), transmission structure (e.g., the channel used, whether it is provided on-demand), etc. For example, the system information may be classified into a master information block (MIB) and a system information block (SIB). For example, if necessary, the first device may transmit a signal requesting system information before receiving the system information. For example, the request and provision of system information may be performed after a random access procedure described below.

[0042] In step S105, the first device and the second device can perform a random access procedure. For example, the first device can transmit and / or receive at least one message (e.g., a random access preamble, a random access response message, etc.) for the random access procedure based on information related to a random access channel of the second device obtained through system information (e.g., channel location, channel structure, structure of supported preamble, etc.). For example, the first device can transmit a preamble (e.g., Msg1) through the random access channel, the first device can receive a random access response message (e.g., Msg2), the first device can transmit a message (e.g., Msg3) including information related to the first device (e.g., identification information) to the second device using scheduling information included in the random access response message, and the first device can receive a message (e.g., Msg4) for contention resolution and / or connection establishment. For example, Msg1 and Msg3 can be sent and received as one message (e.g., MsgA), and / or Msg2 and Msg4 can be sent and received as one message (e.g., MsgB).

[0043] In step S107, the first device and the second device may perform signaling of control information. Here, for example, the control information may be defined in various layers, such as a layer that controls a connection (e.g., a radio resource control (RRC) layer), a layer that handles mapping between logical channels and transport channels (e.g., a media access control (MAC) layer), and a layer that handles physical channels (e.g., a physical (PHY) layer). For example, the first device and the second device may perform at least one of signaling for establishing a connection, signaling for determining settings related to communication, and / or signaling for indicating allocated resources. For example, the control information may be signaled / transmitted via a control channel. For example, the control information and / or the control channel may be used to schedule at least one of data, a data channel (e.g., a shared channel), and / or control information on the data channel.

[0044] In step S109, the first device and the second device may transmit and / or receive data. For example, the first device and the second device may process, transmit, and / or receive data based on signaling of control information. For example, when transmitting data, the first device or the second device may perform at least one of channel encoding, rate matching, scrambling, constellation mapping, layer mapping, waveform modulation, antenna mapping, and / or resource mapping on the information bits. For example, when receiving data, the first device or the second device may perform at least one of signal extraction from resources, waveform demodulation for each antenna, signal arrangement considering layer mapping, constellation demapping, descrambling, and / or channel decoding.

[0045] For example, the layers of a radio interface protocol between a first device and a second device can be divided into L1 (layer 1), L2 (layer 2), L3 (layer 3), etc. For example, a physical layer belonging to the first layer can provide an information transfer service using a physical channel, and an RRC (radio resource control) layer located in the third layer can play a role in controlling radio resources between the first device and the second device. For this purpose, for example, the RRC layer can exchange RRC messages between the first device and the second device.

[0046] FIG. 2 illustrates a radio protocol architecture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 2 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted. For example, (a) of FIG. 2 may illustrate a radio protocol stack of a user plane for uplink communication or downlink communication, and (b) of FIG. 2 may illustrate a radio protocol stack of a control plane for uplink communication or downlink communication. For example, (c) of FIG. 2 may illustrate a radio protocol stack of a user plane for device-to-device communication, and (d) of FIG. 2 may illustrate a radio protocol stack of a control plane for device-to-device communication.

[0047] For example, the physical layer can provide information transmission services to upper layers using physical channels. For example, the physical layer can be connected to the upper layer, the medium access control (MAC) layer, through a transport channel. For example, data can be transmitted between the MAC layer and the physical layer through the transport channel. For example, transport channels can be classified according to how and with what characteristics data is transmitted over the wireless interface. For example, data can be transmitted between different physical layers (e.g., between the physical layers of a first device and a second device) through a physical channel. For example, the physical channel can be modulated using an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) scheme, and time and frequency can be utilized as radio resources.

[0048] For example, the MAC layer can provide services to the upper layer, the radio link control (RLC) layer, through logical channels. For example, the MAC layer can provide a mapping function from multiple logical channels to multiple transport channels. For example, the MAC layer can provide a logical channel multiplexing function by mapping multiple logical channels to a single transport channel. For example, the MAC sublayer can provide data transmission services on logical channels.

[0049] For example, the RLC layer can perform concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC service data units (SDUs). For example, to guarantee the various quality of service (QoS) required by radio bearers (RBs), the RLC layer can provide three operating modes: transparent mode (TM), unacknowledged mode (UM), and acknowledged mode (AM). For example, AM RLC can provide error correction through automatic repeat request (ARQ).

[0050] For example, the RRC (radio resource control) layer can be defined only in the control plane. For example, the RRC layer can be responsible for controlling logical channels, transport channels, and physical channels in relation to the configuration, re-configuration, and release of radio bearers. For example, an RB can mean a logical path provided by a first layer (e.g., a physical layer) and a second layer (e.g., a MAC layer, an RLC layer, a PDCP (packet data convergence protocol) layer, a SDAP (service data adaptation protocol) layer, etc.) for data transmission between a first device and a second device.

[0051] For example, the functions of the PDCP layer in the user plane may include forwarding of user data, header compression, and ciphering. For example, the functions of the PDCP layer in the control plane may include forwarding of control plane data and ciphering / integrity protection.

[0052] For example, establishing an RB can refer to the process of defining the characteristics of the radio protocol layer and channel to provide a specific service, and setting specific parameters and operating methods for each. For example, RBs can be divided into two types: signaling radio bearers (SRBs) and data radio bearers (DRBs). For example, SRBs can be used as a channel to transmit RRC messages in the control plane, while DRBs can be used as a channel to transmit user data in the user plane.

[0053] For example, a downlink transmission channel may include at least one of a broadcast channel (BCH) for transmitting system information, and / or a downlink shared channel (SCH) for transmitting user traffic or control messages. For example, traffic or control messages of a downlink multicast or broadcast service may be transmitted through the downlink SCH, or may be transmitted through a separate downlink multicast channel (MCH). Meanwhile, an uplink transmission channel may include at least one of a random access channel (RACH) for transmitting initial control messages, and / or an uplink shared channel (SCH) for transmitting user traffic or control messages. For example, a logical channel located above a transmission channel and mapped to the transmission channel may include at least one of a broadcast control channel (BCCH), a paging control channel (PCCH), a common control channel (CCCH), a multicast control channel (MCCH), and / or a multicast traffic channel (MTCH).

[0054] FIG. 3 illustrates the structure of a wireless frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 3 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0055] Referring to FIG. 3, for example, a radio frame may be used in uplink transmission, downlink transmission, and / or device-to-device transmission. For example, a radio frame may have a length of 10 ms and may be defined as two 5 ms half-frames (HF). For example, a half-frame may include five 1 ms subframes (SF). For example, a subframe may be divided into one or more slots, and the number of slots within a subframe may be determined according to a subcarrier spacing (SCS). For example, each slot may include 12 or 14 OFDM (A) symbols, depending on a cyclic prefix (CP).

[0056] For example, when normal CP is used, each slot can contain 14 symbols. For example, when extended CP is used, each slot can contain 12 symbols. Here, for example, the symbols can contain OFDM symbols (or CP-OFDM symbols), SC-FDMA (single carrier-FDMA) symbols (or DFT-s-OFDM (Discrete Fourier Transform-spread-OFDM) symbols).

[0057] Table 2 below shows the number of symbols per slot (N) depending on the SCS setting (u) when normal CP or extended CP is used. slot symb ), number of slots per frame (N frame,u slot ) and the number of slots per subframe (N subframe,u slot) is an example.

[0058] CP type SCS (15*2 u )N slot symb N frame,u slot N subframe,u slot Normal CP15kHz (u=0)1410130kHz (u=1)1420260kHz (u=2)14404120kHz (u=3)14808240kHz (u=4)1416016Extended CP60kHz (u=2)12404

[0059] For example, OFDM(A) numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.) may be set differently between multiple cells that are merged into a single terminal. Accordingly, the (absolute time) interval of time resources (e.g., subframes, slots, or transmit time intervals (TTIs)) composed of the same number of symbols may be set differently between the merged cells. For example, in the present disclosure, time resources such as subframes, slots, TTIs, etc. may be referred to as time units.

[0060] For example, multiple numerologies, or SCSs, may be supported to support various services. For example, a 15 kHz SCS may support wide areas in traditional cellular bands, while a 30 kHz / 60 kHz SCS may support dense urban areas, lower latency, and wider carrier bandwidth. For example, a 60 kHz or higher SCS may support bandwidths greater than 24.25 GHz to overcome phase noise.

[0061] FIG. 4 illustrates a slot structure of a frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 4 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0062] Referring to FIG. 4, for example, a slot may include multiple symbols in the time domain. For example, a carrier may include multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. For example, a resource block (RB) may be defined as multiple consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. For example, a bandwidth part (BWP) may be defined as multiple consecutive (P)RBs ((physical) resource blocks) in the frequency domain, and may correspond to one numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). For example, a carrier may include at most N BWPs (where N is a positive integer). For example, data communication may be performed through an activated BWP. For example, each element may be referred to as a resource element (RE) in the resource grid, and one complex symbol may be mapped to it.

[0063] For example, a BWP may be a contiguous set of PRBs in a given numerology. For example, a PRB may be selected from a contiguous subset of common resource blocks (CRBs) for a given numerology on a given carrier.

[0064] For example, the BWP may be at least one of an active BWP, an initial BWP, and / or a default BWP. For example, the UE may not monitor the downlink radio link quality in a DL BWP other than the active DL BWP on the PCell (primary cell). For example, the UE may not receive a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), or a channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS) (except for radio resource management (RRM)) outside of the active DL BWP. For example, the UE may not trigger channel state information (CSI) reporting for an inactive DL BWP. For example, the UE may not transmit a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) or a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) outside of the active UL BWP. For example, for downlink, the initial BWP can be given as a set of consecutive resource blocks (RBs) for the remaining minimum system information (RMSI) CORESET (control resource set) (set by the physical broadcast channel (PBCH)). For uplink, for example, the initial BWP can be given by the system information block (SIB) for the random access procedure. For example, the default BWP can be set by a higher layer. For example, the initial value of the default BWP can be the initial DL BWP.For energy saving, if a terminal does not detect DCI (downlink control information) for a certain period of time, the terminal may switch its active BWP to a default BWP.

[0065] FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a BWP according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 5 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted. In the embodiment of FIG. 5, it is assumed that there are three BWPs.

[0066] Referring to FIG. 5, for example, a common resource block (CRB) may be a carrier resource block numbered from one end of a carrier band to the other, and a PRB may be a numbered resource block within each BWP. For example, point A may indicate a common reference point for a resource block grid.

[0067] For example, BWP is point A, offset from point A (N start BWP ) and bandwidth (N size BWP ) can be set by. For example, point A can be an outer reference point of the PRB of a carrier where subcarrier 0 of all numerologies (e.g., all numerologies supported by the network on that carrier) aligns. For example, the offset can be the PRB spacing between the lowest subcarrier in a given numerology and point A. For example, the bandwidth can be the number of PRBs in a given numerology.

[0068] FIG. 6 illustrates a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 6 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0069] As core implementation technologies of the 6G system, technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), THz (terahertz) communication, optical wireless technology, free-space optical transmission (FSO) backhaul networks, massive MIMO (multiple input multiple output) technology, blockchain, 3D networking, quantum communication, unmanned aerial vehicles, cell-free communication, wireless information and energy transfer (WIET), integration of sensing and communication, integration of access backhaul networks, holographic beamforming, big data analysis, and large intelligent surface (LIS) can be adopted.

[0070] - Artificial Intelligence: Incorporating AI into communications can streamline and improve real-time data transmission. AI can use numerous analytics to determine how complex target tasks should be performed. For example, AI can increase efficiency and reduce processing delays. Time-consuming tasks such as handovers, network selection, and resource scheduling can be performed instantly using AI. AI can also play a crucial role in machine-to-machine (M2M), machine-to-human, and human-to-machine communications. AI can also facilitate rapid communication in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). AI-based communication systems can be supported by metamaterials, intelligent structures, intelligent networks, intelligent devices, intelligent cognitive radios, self-sustaining wireless networks, and machine learning.

[0071] - THz communication (terahertz communication): Data rates can be increased by increasing the bandwidth. This can be achieved by using sub-THz communication with wide bandwidths and applying advanced massive MIMO technology. THz waves, also known as sub-millimeter waves, typically refer to the frequency range between 0.1 THz and 10 THz, with corresponding wavelengths ranging from 0.03 mm to 3 mm. The 100 GHz to 300 GHz band (sub-THz band) is considered a key part of the THz spectrum for cellular communications. Adding the sub-THz band to the mmWave band will increase the capacity of 6G cellular communications. Among the defined THz bands, 300 GHz to 3 THz lies in the far infrared (IR) frequency band. While part of the optical band, the 300 GHz to 3 THz band lies at the boundary of the optical band, immediately following the RF band. Therefore, this 300 GHz to 3 THz band exhibits similarities to RF. Key characteristics of THz communications include (i) the widely available bandwidth to support very high data rates and (ii) the high path loss that occurs at high frequencies (requiring highly directional antennas). The narrow beamwidths generated by highly directional antennas reduce interference. The small wavelength of THz signals allows for a significantly larger number of antenna elements to be integrated into devices and base stations operating in this band. This enables the use of advanced adaptive array technologies to overcome range limitations.

[0072] - Large-scale MIMO technology

[0073] - Hologram beamforming (HBF)

[0074] - Optical wireless technology

[0075] - Free-space optical transmission backhaul network (FSO backhaul network)

[0076] - Quantum communication

[0077] - Cell-free communication

[0078] - Integration of wireless information and power transmission

[0079] - Integration of wireless communication and sensing

[0080] - Integrated access and backhaul network

[0081] - Big data analysis

[0082] - Reconfigurable intelligent surface

[0083] - metaverse

[0084] - Blockchain

[0085] Advanced Air Mobility (AAM): AAM can be a broad concept encompassing urban air mobility (UAM), regional air mobility (RAM), and uncrewed aerial systems (UAS). For example, AAM can include UAM, RAM, UAS, and uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs).

[0086] - Autonomous driving (self-driving): V2X (vehicle to everything), a key element in building autonomous driving infrastructure, can be a technology that allows cars to communicate and share with various elements on the road for autonomous driving, such as vehicle to vehicle (V2V) wireless communication and vehicle to infrastructure (V2I) wireless communication.

[0087] Non-terrestrial network (NTN): NTN can refer to a network or network segment that utilizes radio frequency (RF) resources mounted on satellites (or UAS platforms). NTN services may be considered to secure wider coverage or provide wireless communication services in locations where the installation of wireless communication base stations is difficult.

[0088] - Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC)

[0089] - Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS): RIS can be used to manipulate and enhance signal propagation in wireless communication environments. For example, a RIS can be composed of many small antennas, or metasurfaces, arranged on a surface, each of which can actively control the phase, amplitude, polarization, etc. of the reflected signal. For example, a RIS can improve signal reception by controlling the path, phase, and / or intensity of the propagating signal. For example, in the case of a RIS, power consumption can be very low because power is consumed only for controlling the phase and amplitude of the small antennas. For example, because a RIS can be reconfigured to suit different environments, it can meet diverse communication requirements and operate effectively in dynamic network environments.

[0090] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a communication scenario based on a 6G system, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 7 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0091] Referring to FIG. 7, NTN communication can be performed based on satellite networks, high-altitude platform stations (HAPS) as international mobile telecommunications (IMT) base stations (BS), and terminals capable of aerial communication (e.g., AAMs). For example, to improve coverage, etc., devices such as satellite networks, HIBS, and terminals capable of aerial communication (e.g., AAMs) can act as relays. For example, an AAM can communicate with a base station, a satellite network, etc., and / or an AAM can communicate directly with a terminal, another AAM, etc.

[0092] Below, the integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) mentioned above is described in detail.

[0093] Integrated Sensing and Communications (ISAC) is a technology that uses radio frequencies to determine the instantaneous linear velocity, angle, distance (range), etc. of an object, thereby obtaining information about the environment and / or the characteristics of objects within the environment. Because radio frequency sensing does not require a device to connect to the object through a network, it can provide services for object positioning without a device. The ability to obtain range, velocity, and angle information from radio frequency signals can enable a wide range of new capabilities, such as various object detection, object recognition (e.g., vehicles, humans, animals, UAVs), and high-precision localization, tracking, and activity recognition. Wireless sensing services can provide information to a variety of industries (e.g., unmanned aerial vehicles, smart homes, V2X, factories, railways, public safety, etc.), enabling applications such as intruder detection, assisted vehicle steering and navigation, trajectory tracking, collision avoidance, traffic management, and health and traffic management. In some cases, wireless sensing can utilize non-3GPP type sensors (e.g., radar, cameras) to further support 3GPP-based sensing. For example, the operation of a wireless sensing service (e.g., sensing operation) may depend on the transmission, reflection, and scattering processing of wireless sensing signals. Therefore, wireless sensing may provide an opportunity to enhance existing communication systems from communication networks to wireless communication and sensing networks. FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a sensing operation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 8 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted. Specifically, FIG. 8 (a) illustrates an example of sensing using a sensing receiver and a sensing transmitter located at the same location (e.g., monostatic sensing), and FIG. 8 (b) illustrates an example of sensing using a separated sensing receiver and a sensing transmitter (e.g., bistatic sensing).

[0094] The meanings of terms used in this disclosure may be as follows.

[0095] - ISAC: Integrated Sensing and Communication

[0096] - Sensing signal: A reference signal transmitted and received for sensing.

[0097] - Sensing transmitter (Tx: entity that transmits sensing signals)

[0098] - Sensing receiver (sensing Rx(receiver)): an entity that receives a sensing signal

[0099] - Monostatic sensing: Sensing in which the sensing transmitter and sensing receiver are co-located in the same TRP or UE.

[0100] - Bi-static sensing: Sensing in which the sensing transmitter and the sensing receiver are located in different TRPs or UEs.

[0101] - Multi-static sensing: Sensing with multiple sensing transmitters and / or multiple sensing receivers for the sensing target.

[0102] - Target object (TO): The object to be detected through sensing.

[0103] - Environment object (EO): An object whose location is known other than the target object.

[0104] - Clutter: Background or objects whose location cannot be specified, excluding the target object and environment object.

[0105] - Sensing RS (reference signal): Reference signal used for measurement for sensing purposes

[0106] - BS-BS sensing: Sensing in which BS#1 transmits a sensing RS and BS#2 receives the sensing RS. For example, if BS#1 and BS#2 are separate BSs, this may mean a BS-BS bi-static sensing operation. For example, if BS#1 and BS#2 are the same BS, this may mean a BS-BS mono-static sensing operation. For example, the BS may be a base station or a transmission and reception point (TRP). For example, if BS#1 and / or BS#2 are one or more BSs, this may mean a BS-BS multi-static sensing operation.

[0107] - BS-UE sensing: Sensing in which a BS transmits a sensing RS and a UE receives the sensing RS. For example, the BS may be a base station or a transmission and reception point (TRP). For example, if the BS and / or the UE are one or more BSs and / or one or more UEs, this may refer to a BS-UE multi-static sensing operation.

[0108] - UE-BS sensing: Sensing in which a UE transmits a sensing RS and a BS receives the sensing RS. For example, the BS may be a base station or a transmission and reception point (TRP). For example, if the BS and / or the UE are one or more BSs and / or one or more UEs, this may refer to a UE-BS multi-static sensing operation.

[0109] - UE-UE sensing: Sensing in which UE#1 transmits a sensing RS and UE#2 receives the sensing RS. For example, if UE#1 and UE#2 are separate UEs, this may mean a UE-UE bi-static sensing operation. For example, if UE#1 and UE#2 are the same UE, this may mean a UE-UE mono-static sensing operation. For example, the BS may be a base station or a transmission and reception point (TRP). For example, if UE#1 and / or UE#2 are one or more UEs, this may mean a UE-UE multi-static sensing operation.

[0110] - TSA: Target Sensing Area

[0111] - SMF: Sensing Management Function

[0112] - SF: Sensing Function. This can refer to a network entity that controls and manages the sensing procedures of a UE or TRP in an ISAC. For example, the SF can report and receive sensing data collected by a UE or TRP and store the sensing data. Alternatively, it can provide sensing data for a sensing service to a sensing device.

[0113] - Non-3GPP sensing data: Non-3GPP sensing data (e.g., camera data, video data, or data collected by performing sensing based on other RATs (e.g., Wi-Fi)) rather than sensing data collected by performing sensing based on 3GPP communication.

[0114] - Third-party entity: This may refer to a server device operated by a sensing service operator (e.g., a business operator that utilizes / manages sensing data for sensing services). For example, sensing data for sensing services may be reported and stored from sensing devices. For example, sensing data for sensing services may be provided to sensing devices.

[0115] - Forward scatter: When the bistatic angle is close to 180 degrees, the RCS is known to increase by several orders of magnitude, for example, about 30 dB, compared to the monostatic case. This phenomenon can be explained using Babinet's principle. According to Babinet's principle, when a target-shaped hole is drilled in an infinite perfectly conducting sheet, the signal diffracted through the hole should be equal in magnitude and opposite in phase to the signal diffracted around a perfectly absorbing target, and the sum of the two signals should be zero. In other words, the forward scatter effect is the result of co-phase disturbance of waves occurring in the shadow area of ​​the target. This interference causes the field to focus on a line perpendicular to the shadow area of ​​the target. In fact, the shadow beam of the target has high directional gain on the non-illuminated side of the target.

[0116] Meanwhile, in conventional communications (e.g., NR Uu or NR sidelink), the sensing procedure of a device (e.g., a terminal or a base station) was not considered a service. However, since the main purpose of the ISAC service is to quickly detect and distinguish a target object through sensing, it is necessary to classify the sensing procedure (or operation) as a service that must satisfy one QoS requirement (e.g., sensing latency: the time it takes for a terminal that triggers sensing to trigger the sensing procedure and for a receiving terminal to receive the sensing result of the target object, or sensing accuracy, etc.). For example, in ISAC, the sensing behavior of a device (e.g., a terminal or a base station or a sensing management function (SMF)) can be considered a service that must satisfy the ISAC sensing QoS requirement, and the terminal can perform a sensing operation (e.g., transmitting a sensing reference signal and / or receiving a sensing reference signal) based on the sensing QoS.

[0117] For example, sensing in ISAC can be considered as a higher layer service that must satisfy sensing QoS (or sensing quality) based on sensing results, and a new QoS (e.g., Sensing QoS Flow ID (SQFI)) for the ISAC sensing service can be defined as follows.

[0118] - SQFI (Sensing QoS Flow ID)

[0119] - SQFI 1 ~ 8: For example, they can be distinguished according to the level of sensing QoS requirements. For example, sensing QoS requirements can include sensing accuracy, sensing latency (e.g., latency boundary from sensing triggering to receiving sensing results), or sensing priority (e.g., priority that can be used to determine which sensing service is triggered first based on priority when multiple sensing procedures are required). For example, a sensing service with a smaller (or higher) SQFI value can be defined as having a tighter QoS requirement (e.g., a sensing service requiring high sensing accuracy, or a sensing service requiring low / lower / lowest sensing latency).

[0120] Additionally, ISAC defines terminal and TRP (or base station) operations to support sensing services such as detection, localization, and tracking.

[0121] For example, the sensing QoS for ISAC services (detection, localization, tracking, etc.) could be as follows:

[0122] - Detection QoS: detection probability, false alarm probability

[0123] - Localization QoS: localization of the static objects, QoS parameters of localization (e.g., time delay, angle of arrival)

[0124] - Tracking QoS: Tracking the status changes of moving targets (e.g., vehicles or drones) (range, angle, velocity, etc.)

[0125] FIG. 9 illustrates a support scenario for sensing services in an ISAC, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 9 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0126] Referring to Fig. 9, the six main sensing modes are as follows. Specifically, Fig. 9 (a) shows gNB mono-static. In this case, the same gNB can perform both Tx and Rx roles. Fig. 9 (b) shows gNB bi-static. In this case, one gNB can perform the Tx role and the other gNB can perform the Rx role. Fig. 9 (c) shows gNB-to-UE bi-static. In this case, the gNB can perform the Tx role and the UE can perform the Rx role. Fig. 9 (d) shows UE-to-gNB bi-static. In this case, the UE can perform the Tx role and the gNB can perform the Rx role. Fig. 9 (e) shows UE mono-static. In this case, the same UE can perform both Tx and Rx roles. Figure 9 (f) shows a UE bi-static. In this case, one UE can perform the Tx role and another UE can perform the Rx role.

[0127] In this disclosure, we propose a procedure for switching from a UE (or TRP) based sensing mode to a server (or TRP) supported sensing mode.

[0128] In the present disclosure, a method for switching from a UE (or TRP) based sensing mode in an ISAC to a server (e.g., SF (sensing function)) supported or TRP supported sensing mode and a device supporting the same are proposed.

[0129] For example, in a sensing mode where a UE (or TRP) performs sensing on its own to collect sensing information, there may be cases where it is difficult to collect sensing information or may not be able to obtain sensing information at a reliable level depending on certain environments, conditions, or situations. Specifically, for example, due to factors such as interference from the surrounding environment, absence of line of sight (LOS), or deterioration of the quality of sensing signals, it may be difficult to satisfy the quality of service (QoS) requirements of the sensing service with only its own sensing. In such cases, the deterioration of sensing performance may lower the accuracy of object detection, location estimation, velocity measurement, etc., and further, the reliability and stability of the sensing service may be degraded.

[0130] In the above-described case, for example, by switching from a UE (or TRP)-based sensing mode to a server (or TRP)-based sensing mode, the sensing performance or reliability of sensing data can be improved, or the quality of service (QoS) requirements of the sensing service can be satisfied.

[0131] For example, the transition conditions and sensing procedures from UE (or TRP)-based sensing mode to server (e.g., SF (sensing function))-supported sensing mode may be as follows.

[0132] For example, a sensing device (e.g., UE or TRP) may perform a sensing procedure to collect sensing data by switching the sensing mode from the sensing device's own sensing mode (e.g., a sensing mode in which the sensing device directly collects sensing data / results by transmitting and / or receiving sensing signals) to a server-assisted sensing mode if the following condition(s) are satisfied.

[0133] For example, if the sensing result for the UE's own sensing does not satisfy the sensing QoS (e.g., reliability or accuracy, etc.) requirements of the sensing service, or if a specific QoS (e.g., reliability or accuracy or false alarm, etc.) of the sensing service is below (or above) a threshold level, the sensing mode may be switched.

[0134] Alternatively, for example, if the condition of the wireless channel is not at a level where the sensing device can perform reliable sensing measurements (e.g., if the channel condition (e.g., reference signal received power (RSRP) or reference signal received quality (RSRQ)) is below a threshold), the sensing mode may be switched.

[0135] Alternatively, for example, the sensing mode may be switched when a sensing procedure is triggered to collect non-3GPP sensing data from the sensing device.

[0136] Alternatively, for example, when the sensing device's sensing signal (e.g., sensing reference signal) transmission resources are insufficient, or the request procedure for the sensing device's sensing signal transmission resources fails (e.g., when transmission resources are not allocated from the base station, or when the transmission of the resource request message for sensing signal transmission of the sensing device fails), the sensing mode may be switched.

[0137] Alternatively, for example, if the priority of the sensing signal resource request message (e.g., SR (scheduling request)) is lower than the priority of the communication resource request message (e.g., SR (scheduling request)) and the (SR-based) resource request procedure fails (by a threshold), the sensing mode may be switched.

[0138] Alternatively, for example, the sensing mode may be switched when the remaining TX (or RX) power for transmitting or receiving sensing signals of the sensing device is below a threshold level (or threshold) (in a UE mono-static sensing scenario).

[0139] Alternatively, for example, if a communication service or sensing service is overloaded, the sensing mode may be switched. For example, if signaling for a communication service or sensing service exceeds a threshold level (or threshold), sensing operations using sensing data stored on the server may be performed without transmitting multiple sensing signals to avoid increasing signaling overhead due to the transmission of sensing signals.

[0140] Alternatively, for example, if the physical resource block (PRB) usage rate is above a threshold level (or threshold) (e.g., if an overload of wireless resources occurs), the sensing mode may be switched. For example, if the physical resource block (PRB) usage rate is above a threshold level (or threshold), the server may perform a sensing procedure using stored sensing data so that a resource allocation request for sensing (e.g., a resource allocation request for sensing signal transmission) is not performed.

[0141] Alternatively, for example, if traffic (e.g., data traffic, control traffic, etc.) at a base station or across the network exceeds a threshold level (or threshold), the sensing mode may be switched. For example, if traffic (e.g., data traffic, control traffic, etc.) at a base station or across the network exceeds a threshold level (or threshold), the server may perform a sensing procedure using stored sensing data so that a resource allocation request for sensing (e.g., a resource allocation request for transmitting a sensing signal) is not performed.

[0142] Alternatively, for example, if the target object (TO) moves out of the area that can be covered by the current sensing signal (and / or an area where a certain level of RSRP is measured for the serving cell of the sensing transmitter), the sensing mode may be switched.

[0143] Alternatively, the sensing mode may be switched, for example, when the TO is located at the line of sight (LOS) between the sensing transmitter and the sensing receiver (and / or the TO is less than a certain level close to the sensing transmitter or the sensing receiver), and the sensing service for distance / velocity measurement is not possible (due to forward scattering effects). Here, for example, in the former case, the sensing signal transmission may cause more than an acceptable level of interference to the adjacent cell.

[0144] For example, when some of the conditions described in the above proposal are satisfied, the terminal may transmit a message (via an RRC message or a MAC CE or a physical channel signal or a message transmitted through a signaling interface between the sensing device and the server) to the base station / server requesting a transition from the sensing device's own sensing mode to the server-assisted mode.

[0145] In another embodiment of the present disclosure, a hybrid sensing operation may also be supported, in which a sensing function (SF) transmits sensing data to a sensing device, and the sensing device uses both its own sensing data collected through sensing (e.g., using the sensing device's own sensing results) and sensing based on server information (e.g., sensing data for a sensing service stored by the sensing function (SF) or a third party entity).

[0146] For example, the sensing device can report auxiliary information about the sensing service (e.g., sensing service type, sensing service QoS information (e.g., QoS requirements: reliability or accuracy, etc.), priority of the sensing service, sensing mode (e.g., gNB mono-static or gNB bi-static or gNB-to-UE bi-static or UE-to-gNB bi-static or UE mono-static or UE bi-static)) to the sensing function (SF). In addition, for example, the sensing device can report sensing data collected through its own sensing procedure to the sensing function (SF). For example, if the SF (sensing function) determines that the sensing data it stores (e.g., sensing measurement data for a sensing service reported by sensing devices or non-3GPP sensing data, etc.) is necessary to satisfy the sensing service QoS based on the sensing data reported by the sensing device and the sensing service assistance information of the UE, the SF (sensing function) can transfer the sensing data it stores to the UE. Or, for example, if the sensing device determines that the sensing data acquired through the sensing procedure it performed for the sensing service is not sensing data at a level that satisfies the QoS requirement of the sensing service, the sensing device can request the sensing data for the sensing service from a server (e.g., the SF (sensing function) or a third party entity) and additionally receive the sensing data for the sensing service from the server.

[0147] In another embodiment of the present disclosure, SF (sensing function) can instruct the sensing device to perform the following sensing types.

[0148] Type 1: UE self-sensing motion-based sensing mode

[0149] Type 2: Sensing operations supported by a server (e.g., a sensing function or a third-party entity).

[0150] Type 3: TRP-supported sensing operation

[0151] Type 4: Cooperative sensing behavior

[0152] Type 5: Hybrid sensing operation (e.g., "Sensing Type 1" + "Sensing Type 2", "Sensing Type 1" + "Sensing Type 4", "Sensing Type 1" + "Sensing Type 3", etc.)

[0153] For example, the sensing device can report auxiliary information about the sensing service (e.g., sensing service type, sensing service QoS information (e.g., QoS requirements: reliability or accuracy, etc.), priority of the sensing service, sensing mode (e.g., gNB mono-static or gNB bi-static or gNB-to-UE bi-static or UE-to-gNB bi-static or UE mono-static or UE bi-static)) to the sensing function (SF). In addition, for example, the sensing device can receive measurement data about the sensing service from the sensing device. For example, the SF (sensing function) may instruct the sensing device to perform a sensing procedure based on report information of the sensing device (e.g., sensing service assistance information or sensing-based measurement data information) (e.g., the SF (sensing function) may instruct the sensing device to perform a sensing procedure by transmitting a message using a direct interface with the sensing device, or the SF (sensing function) may transmit the sensing type of the sensing device to the base station (e.g., via a message using an interface between the SF (sensing function) and the base station), and the base station may transmit the sensing type to the sensing device (e.g., via an RRC message or MAC CE or physical signaling).

[0154] In another embodiment of the present disclosure, when a sensing function (SF) is implemented in a base station, the proposed operation can be extended and applied to a transition condition and sensing procedure from a UE (or TRP)-based sensing mode to a base station-assisted sensing mode.

[0155] Embodiments of the present disclosure can be extended and applied to all six sensing scenarios of FIG. 9 described above.

[0156] FIG. 10 illustrates a method for switching to a server-assisted sensing mode, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 10 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0157] Referring to FIG. 10, in step S1010, the UE may perform sensing of a target object based on a UE-self sensing mode. For example, when the UE performs monostatic sensing, the UE may perform sensing of the target object by transmitting a sensing signal in the direction of the target object and receiving a sensing signal reflected by the target object. Alternatively, for example, when the UE performs bistatic sensing, the UE may perform sensing of the target object by transmitting a sensing signal in the direction of the target object (when the UE is a sensing transmitter) or by receiving a sensing signal transmitted by another UE and reflected by the target object (when the UE is a sensing receiver). In step S1020, the UE may determine whether to switch the sensing mode. For example, based on the UE's own sensing mode, the UE may determine whether to switch the existing UE-owned sensing mode to another sensing mode by considering the sensing results for the target object acquired, the channel conditions related to the transmission and reception of the sensing signal, the surrounding environment of the UE or the target object, etc. For example, as listed in the above-described embodiment, the UE may determine whether to switch the existing UE-owned sensing mode to another sensing mode by considering the sensing mode switching condition(s) (pre-)configured for the UE. Specifically, for example, when the UE is not allocated resources for transmitting a sensing signal from the base station, the UE may switch from the UE-owned sensing mode to the server-assisted sensing mode.Or, for example, if the sensing data / results acquired by the UE based on the UE self-sensing mode do not satisfy the QoS requirements of the sensing service (e.g., if the reliability related to the sensing data / results is below a threshold, or if the accuracy related to the sensing data / results is below a threshold), the UE may switch from the UE self-sensing mode to the server-assisted sensing mode. In step S1030, the UE that has switched from the UE self-sensing mode to the server-assisted sensing mode may receive sensing data from the server. In step S1040, the UE may perform sensing for a target object based on the server-assisted sensing mode. For example, the UE may no longer perform sensing data collection based on transmitting and receiving sensing signals, but may perform sensing for a target object based on the sensing data received from the server.

[0158] FIG. 11 illustrates a method for switching sensing modes according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 11 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0159] Referring to FIG. 11, in step S1110, the UE may perform sensing of a target object based on a UE-self sensing mode. For example, when the UE performs monostatic sensing, the UE may perform sensing of the target object by transmitting a sensing signal in the direction of the target object and receiving a sensing signal reflected by the target object. Alternatively, for example, when the UE performs bistatic sensing, the UE may perform sensing of the target object by transmitting a sensing signal in the direction of the target object (when the UE is a sensing transmitter) or by receiving a sensing signal transmitted by another UE and reflected by the target object (when the UE is a sensing receiver). In step S1120, the UE may transmit / report sensing data acquired based on the UE-self sensing mode to the server. In step S1130, the UE may transmit / report auxiliary information related to the sensing service to the server. For example, auxiliary information related to a sensing service may include the type of the sensing service, QoS information of the sensing service, priority of the sensing service, or information on the sensing mode performed by the UE. For example, auxiliary information related to the sensing service may be transmitted to the server together with the sensing data. In step S1140, the UE may receive information on the sensing mode / type determined by the server. For example, the sensing mode / type may include a UE-own sensing mode, a server-assisted sensing mode, a TRP-assisted sensing mode, a cooperative sensing mode, or a hybrid sensing mode. For example, if the server, which has received sensing data and auxiliary information related to the sensing service from the UE, determines that the QoS requirements of the sensing service cannot be satisfied with only the sensing data acquired by the UE-own sensing mode, the server may instruct the UE to use the server-assisted sensing mode, the cooperative sensing mode, or the hybrid sensing mode.In step S1150, the UE may perform sensing of a target object based on the sensing mode / type instructed by the server. For example, if the server instructs the UE to use a hybrid sensing mode, the UE may continue to transmit and receive sensing signals and perform sensing of the target object by considering both sensing data acquired based on the UE's own sensing mode and sensing data acquired from the server.

[0160] For example, whether (some) of the proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) can be set resource pool-specifically (or differently or independently). For example, whether (some) of the proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) can be set congestion level-specifically (or differently or independently). For example, whether (some) of the proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) can be set service priority-specifically or service type-specifically (or differently or independently). For example, whether (some) of the proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) can be set QoS requirements (e.g., latency, reliability) or QoS profiles or PQIs-specifically (or differently or independently). For example, whether (some) of the proposed schemes / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) can be set specifically (or differently or independently) for a traffic type (e.g., periodic or aperiodic generated traffic). For example, whether (some) of the proposed schemes / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) can be set specifically (or differently or independently) for a sidelink transmission resource allocation mode (e.g., resource allocation mode 1 or resource allocation mode 2). For example, whether (some) of the proposed schemes / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) can be set specifically (or differently or independently) for a Tx profile (e.g., a Tx profile indicating a service supporting sidelink DRX operation or a Tx profile indicating a service not required to support DRX operation).

[0161] For example, whether (some) of the proposed schemes / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) can be set specifically (or differently or independently) depending on whether PUCCH configuration is supported (e.g., when PUCCH resources are configured or when PUCCH resources are not configured). For example, whether (some) of the proposed schemes / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) can be set specifically (or differently or independently) depending on a resource pool (e.g., a resource pool where PSFCH is configured or a resource pool where PSFCH is not configured). For example, whether (some) of the proposed schemes / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) can be set specifically (or differently or independently) depending on a type and / or priority of a service or packet. For example, whether (some) of the proposed schemes / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) can be set specifically (or differently or independently) for a QoS profile or QoS requirement (e.g., URLLC / EMBB traffic, reliability, latency). For example, whether (some) of the proposed schemes / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) can be set specifically (or differently or independently) for a PQI (PC5 QoS indicator). For example, whether (some) of the proposed schemes / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) can be set specifically (or differently or independently) for a PFI (packet flow identifier). For example, whether (some) of the proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be set specifically (or differently or independently) for a cast type (e.g., unicast, groupcast, broadcast).For example, whether (some) of the proposed schemes / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) can be set specifically (or differently or independently) for a congestion level (e.g., CBR) of a resource pool. For example, whether (some) of the proposed schemes / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) can be set specifically (or differently or independently) for a SL HARQ feedback scheme (e.g., NACK-only feedback, ACK / NACK feedback). For example, whether (some) of the proposed schemes / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) can be set specifically (or differently or independently) for HARQ feedback enabled MAC PDU transmission and / or HARQ feedback disabled MAC PDU transmission. For example, whether (some) of the proposed schemes / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) can be set specifically (or differently or independently) depending on whether a PUCCH-based SL HARQ feedback reporting operation is set. For example, whether (some) of the proposed schemes / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) can be set specifically (or differently or independently) depending on whether pre-emption and / or re-evaluation are performed (or whether resource reselection based thereon is performed). For example, whether (some) of the proposed schemes / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) can be set specifically (or differently or independently) depending on (L2 or L1) source identifiers and / or destination identifiers. For example, whether (some) of the proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or their associated parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be set identifier-specifically (or differently or independently) based on the combination of the (L2 or L1) source layer ID and the destination layer ID.For example, whether (some) of the proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) can be set identifier-specifically (or differently or independently) according to a pair of (L2 or L1) source / destination layer IDs and a combination of cast types. For example, whether (some) of the proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) can be set direction-specifically (or differently or independently) of a pair of source layer IDs and destination layer IDs. For example, whether (some) of the proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) can be set specifically (or differently or independently) depending on whether a PC5 RRC connection or link is established. For example, whether (some) of the proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) can be set specifically (or differently or independently) depending on whether SL DRX is performed or whether SL DRX is supported. For example, whether (some) of the proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) can be set specifically (or differently or independently) depending on an SL mode type (e.g., resource allocation mode 1 or resource allocation mode 2). For example, whether (some) of the proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) can be set specifically (or differently or independently) depending on whether periodic or aperiodic resource reservation is performed.

[0162] For example, whether (some) of the proposed schemes / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or their associated parameters (e.g., thresholds) can be set specifically (or differently or independently) for SL groupcast HARQ feedback options (e.g., NACK-only feedback, ACK / NACK feedback, distance-based NACK-only feedback). For example, whether (some) of the proposed schemes / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or their associated parameters (e.g., thresholds) can be set specifically (or differently or independently) for SL mode 1 CG types (e.g., SL CG type 1 or SL CG type 2). For example, whether (some) of the proposed schemes / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or their associated parameters (e.g., thresholds) can be set specifically (or differently or independently) for SL link establishment. For example, whether (some) of the proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) can be set specifically (or differently or independently) depending on the connection state between the terminal and the base station (e.g., RRC connected state, idle state, inactive state). For example, whether (some) of the proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) can be set specifically (or differently or independently) depending on the SL HARQ process identifier (ID). For example, whether (some) of the proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) can be set specifically (or differently or independently) depending on whether a transmitting terminal (Tx UE) or a receiving terminal (Rx UE) performs an SL DRX operation. For example, whether (some) of the proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be set specifically (or differently or independently) depending on whether the transmitting or receiving terminal has a power saving function enabled (whether it is a power saving UE).For example, whether (some) of the proposed schemes / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be specifically (or differently or independently) set when PSFCH transmission (TX) and PSFCH reception (RX) overlap from a specific UE perspective. For example, whether (some) of the proposed schemes / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be specifically (or differently or independently) set when there are multiple PSFCH transmissions that exceed the UE capability. For example, whether (some) of the proposed schemes / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be specifically (or differently or independently) set when PSFCH transmission and / or reception are omitted. For example, whether (some) of the proposed schemes / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or the associated parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be specifically (or differently or independently) set when a receiving terminal (Rx UE) actually or successfully receives a PSCCH and / or PSSCH (re)transmission from a transmitting terminal (Tx UE).

[0163] The applicability of the proposals and proposed rules of the present disclosure (and / or the associated parameter settings) may also be applied to mmWave SL operation.

[0164] FIG. 12 illustrates a method for a first device to perform wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 12 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0165] Referring to FIG. 12, in step S1210, the first device may perform sensing based on a server-supported sensing mode. In step S1220, the first device may acquire sensing data based on the sensing based on the server-supported sensing mode. For example, the sensing based on the server-supported sensing mode may be performed based on the fact that no resources for transmitting a sensing signal are allocated to the first device.

[0166] For example, switching from the first device's own sensing mode to the server-assisted sensing mode may be performed based on the fact that no resources for transmitting the sensing signal are allocated to the first device.

[0167] For example, sensing based on the server-supported sensing mode may be performed based on the fact that the sensing result based on the first device's own sensing mode does not satisfy the quality of service (QoS) requirements of the sensing service.

[0168] For example, sensing based on the server-assisted sensing mode may be performed based on at least one of a reference signal received power (RSRP) value or a reference signal received quality (RSRQ) value associated with a channel for transmitting or receiving the sensing signal being below a threshold value.

[0169] For example, sensing based on the server-assisted sensing mode may be performed based on sensing triggered by a non-communication sensor based on the first device.

[0170] For example, sensing based on the server-assisted sensing mode may be performed based on a failure in the resource request for transmission of the sensing signal because the priority of the resource request message for transmission of the sensing signal is lower than the priority of the resource request message for transmission of the communication signal.

[0171] For example, sensing based on the server-supported sensing mode may be performed based on at least one of the transmission power of the sensing signal or the reception power of the sensing signal reflected by the target object being below a threshold value.

[0172] For example, sensing based on the server-supported sensing mode can be performed based on the signaling overhead for the sensing service being greater than a threshold.

[0173] For example, sensing based on the server-assisted sensing mode may be performed based on the utilization rate of a physical resource block being greater than a threshold value.

[0174] For example, sensing based on the server-assisted sensing mode may be performed based on the traffic of the base station or network being above a threshold.

[0175] For example, sensing based on the server-assisted sensing mode may be performed based on the target object moving out of the sensing coverage associated with the sensing signal.

[0176] For example, sensing based on the server-assisted sensing mode may be performed based on the distance between the first device and the target object located on the line of sight (LOS) being less than or equal to a threshold value.

[0177] For example, sensing of a target object can be performed based on (i) sensing data acquired by sensing based on the first device's own sensing mode performed prior to sensing based on the server-assisted sensing mode, and (ii) sensing data acquired by sensing based on the server-assisted sensing mode.

[0178] The proposed method can be applied to devices according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. First, the processor (102) of the first device (100) can perform sensing based on a server-assisted sensing mode. Then, the processor (102) of the first device (100) can control the transceiver (106) to acquire sensing data based on the sensing based on the server-assisted sensing mode. For example, the sensing based on the server-assisted sensing mode can be performed based on the fact that no resources for transmitting a sensing signal are allocated to the first device.

[0179] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a first device configured to perform wireless communication may be provided. For example, the first device may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, may cause the first device to: perform sensing based on a server-assisted sensing mode; and acquire sensing data based on the sensing based on the server-assisted sensing mode. For example, the sensing based on the server-assisted sensing mode may be performed based on the first device not being allocated resources for transmitting a sensing signal.

[0180] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a processing device configured to control a first device may be provided. For example, the processing device may include at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, may cause the first device to: perform sensing based on a server-assisted sensing mode; and acquire sensing data based on the sensing based on the server-assisted sensing mode. For example, the sensing based on the server-assisted sensing mode may be performed based on the fact that no resources for transmitting a sensing signal are allocated to the first device.

[0181] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having instructions recorded thereon may be provided. For example, the instructions, when executed, may cause a first device to: perform sensing based on a server-assisted sensing mode; and acquire sensing data based on the sensing based on the server-assisted sensing mode. For example, the sensing based on the server-assisted sensing mode may be performed based on the first device not being allocated resources for transmitting a sensing signal.

[0182] FIG. 13 illustrates a method for a second device to perform wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 13 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0183] Referring to FIG. 13, in step S1310, the second device may receive a request message from the first device to switch the first device's own sensing mode. In step S1320, the second device may transmit information indicating the second device's supported sensing mode to the first device. For example, based on the sensing result based on the first device's own sensing mode not satisfying the quality of service (QoS) requirement of the sensing service, the first device's own sensing mode may be switched to the second device's supported sensing mode.

[0184] The above proposed method can be applied to devices according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. First, the processor (202) of the second device (200) can control the transceiver (206) to receive a request message for switching the first device self-sensing mode from the first device. Then, the processor (202) of the second device (200) can control the transceiver (206) to transmit information indicating the second device-supported sensing mode to the first device. For example, based on the sensing result based on the first device self-sensing mode not satisfying the quality of service (QoS) requirement of the sensing service, the first device self-sensing mode can be switched to the second device-supported sensing mode.

[0185] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a second device configured to perform wireless communication may be provided. For example, the second device may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, may cause the second device to: receive a request message from a first device for switching a first device-based sensing mode; and transmit information indicating a second device-supported sensing mode to the first device. For example, based on a sensing result based on the first device-based sensing mode not satisfying a quality of service (QoS) requirement of a sensing service, the first device-based sensing mode may be switched to the second device-supported sensing mode.

[0186] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a processing device configured to control a second device may be provided. For example, the processing device may include at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, may cause the second device to: receive a request message from the first device for switching the first device self-sensing mode; and transmit information indicating a second device-assisted sensing mode to the first device. For example, based on a sensing result based on the first device self-sensing mode not satisfying a quality of service (QoS) requirement of a sensing service, the first device self-sensing mode may be switched to the second device-assisted sensing mode.

[0187] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having instructions recorded thereon may be provided. For example, the instructions, when executed, may cause a second device to: receive a request message from a first device to switch to a first device-assisted sensing mode; and transmit information indicating a second device-assisted sensing mode to the first device. For example, the first device-assisted sensing mode may be switched to the second device-assisted sensing mode based on a sensing result based on the first device-assisted sensing mode not satisfying a quality of service (QoS) requirement of a sensing service.

[0188] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, a UE (or TRP) can switch to a server-assisted (or another TRP-assisted) sensing mode when a specific condition is satisfied in the self-sensing mode. In this case, for example, even if the sensing result obtained in the UE-assisted sensing mode does not satisfy the quality requirements of the sensing service, the UE can continue sensing the target object by switching to the server-assisted sensing mode and performing sensing based on the sensing data obtained from the server, thereby maintaining the reliability and accuracy of the related sensing service above a critical level. In addition, for example, when the sensing quality based on the UE-assisted sensing mode deteriorates, the UE no longer allocates radio resources or consumes power for transmitting sensing signals, but performs sensing by utilizing the sensing data obtained from the server, thereby improving resource utilization efficiency for transmitting and receiving communication signals, reducing power consumption of the UE, and reducing overhead of the UE associated with transmitting and receiving sensing signals.

[0189] The various embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with each other.

[0190] Below, a description is given of devices to which various embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied.

[0191] Although not limited thereto, the various descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be applied to various fields requiring wireless communication / connectivity (e.g., 5G) between devices.

[0192] Hereinafter, more specific examples will be provided with reference to the drawings. In the drawings / descriptions below, the same drawing reference numerals may represent identical or corresponding hardware blocks, software blocks, or functional blocks, unless otherwise described.

[0193] Fig. 14 illustrates a communication system (1) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of Fig. 14 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0194] Referring to FIG. 14, a communication system (1) to which various embodiments of the present disclosure are applied includes a wireless device, a base station, and a network. Here, the wireless device refers to a device that performs communication using a wireless access technology (e.g., 5G NR (New RAT), LTE (Long Term Evolution)) and may be referred to as a communication / wireless / 5G device. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device may include a robot (100a), a vehicle (100b-1, 100b-2), an XR (eXtended Reality) device (100c), a hand-held device (100d), a home appliance (100e), an IoT (Internet of Things) device (100f), and an AI device / server (400). For example, the vehicle may include a vehicle equipped with a wireless communication function, an autonomous vehicle, a vehicle capable of performing vehicle-to-vehicle communication, etc. Here, the vehicle may include an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone) and / or an Aerial Vehicle (AV) (e.g., an Advanced Air Mobility (AAM)). The XR device may include an Augmented Reality (AR) / Virtual Reality (VR) / Mixed Reality (MR) device, and may be implemented in the form of a Head-Mounted Device (HMD), a Head-Up Display (HUD) equipped in a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance, a digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc. The portable device may include a smartphone, a smart pad, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, smart glasses), a computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.), etc. The home appliance may include a TV, a refrigerator, a washing machine, etc. The IoT device may include a sensor, a smart meter, etc. For example, a base station and a network may also be implemented as a wireless device, and a specific wireless device (200a) may operate as a base station / network node to other wireless devices.

[0195] Here, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of the present specification may include not only LTE, NR, and 6G, but also Narrowband Internet of Things for low-power communication. At this time, for example, NB-IoT technology may be an example of LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Network) technology, and may be implemented with standards such as LTE Cat NB1 and / or LTE Cat NB2, and is not limited to the above-described names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of the present specification may perform communication based on LTE-M technology. At this time, for example, LTE-M technology may be an example of LPWAN technology, and may be called by various names such as eMTC (enhanced Machine Type Communication). For example, LTE-M technology can be implemented by at least one of various standards such as 1) LTE CAT 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-BL (non-Bandwidth Limited), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE Machine Type Communication, and / or 7) LTE M, and is not limited to the above-described names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of the present specification can include at least one of ZigBee, Bluetooth, and Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) considering low-power communication, and is not limited to the above-described names. For example, ZigBee technology can create personal area networks (PAN) related to small / low-power digital communication based on various standards such as IEEE 802.15.4, and can be called by various names.

[0196] Wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to a network (300) via a base station (200). Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology can be applied to the wireless devices (100a to 100f), and the wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to an AI server (400) via the network (300). The network (300) can be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, a 5G (e.g., NR) network, etc. The wireless devices (100a to 100f) can communicate with each other via the base station (200) / network (300), but can also communicate directly (e.g., sidelink communication) without going through the base station / network. For example, vehicles (100b-1, 100b-2) can communicate directly (e.g., V2V (Vehicle to Vehicle) / V2X (Vehicle to Everything) communication). In addition, IoT devices (e.g., sensors) can communicate directly with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices (100a to 100f).

[0197] Wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can be established between wireless devices (100a~100f) / base stations (200), and base stations (200) / base stations (200). Here, wireless communication / connection can be achieved through various wireless access technologies (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink / downlink communication (150a), sidelink communication (150b) (or, D2D communication), and communication between base stations (150c) (e.g., relay, IAB (Integrated Access Backhaul). Through wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c), wireless devices and base stations / wireless devices, and base stations and base stations can transmit / receive wireless signals to each other. For example, wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can transmit / receive signals through various physical channels. To this end, at least some of various configuration information setting processes for transmitting / receiving wireless signals, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel encoding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, resource mapping / demapping, etc.), and resource allocation processes can be performed based on various proposals of the present disclosure.

[0198] FIG. 15 illustrates a wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 15 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0199] Referring to FIG. 15, the first wireless device (100) and the second wireless device (200) can transmit and receive wireless signals via various wireless access technologies (e.g., LTE, NR). Here, {the first wireless device (100), the second wireless device (200)} can correspond to {the wireless device (100x), the base station (200)} and / or {the wireless device (100x), the wireless device (100x)} of FIG. 14.

[0200] A first wireless device (100) includes one or more processors (102) and one or more memories (104), and may further include one or more transceivers (106) and / or one or more antennas (108). The processor (102) controls the memories (104) and / or the transceivers (106), and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (102) may process information in the memory (104) to generate first information / signal, and then transmit a wireless signal including the first information / signal via the transceiver (106). Furthermore, the processor (102) may receive a wireless signal including second information / signal via the transceiver (106), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the second information / signal in the memory (104). The memory (104) may be connected to the processor (102) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (102). For example, the memory (104) may perform some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (102), or may store software code including commands for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. Here, the processor (102) and the memory (104) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement a wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver (106) may be connected to the processor (102) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas (108). The transceiver (106) may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver (106) may be used interchangeably with an RF (Radio Frequency) unit. In the present disclosure, a wireless device may also mean a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0201] A second wireless device (200) includes one or more processors (202), one or more memories (204), and may further include one or more transceivers (206) and / or one or more antennas (208). The processor (202) controls the memories (204) and / or the transceivers (206), and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (202) may process information in the memory (204) to generate third information / signals, and then transmit a wireless signal including the third information / signals via the transceivers (206). In addition, the processor (202) may receive a wireless signal including fourth information / signals via the transceivers (206), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the fourth information / signals in the memory (204). The memory (204) may be connected to the processor (202) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (202). For example, the memory (204) may perform some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (202), or may store software code including commands for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. Here, the processor (202) and the memory (204) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver (206) may be connected to the processor (202) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas (208). The transceiver (206) may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver (206) may be used interchangeably with an RF unit. In the present disclosure, a wireless device may also mean a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0202] Hereinafter, the hardware elements of the wireless device (100, 200) will be described in more detail. Although not limited thereto, one or more protocol layers may be implemented by one or more processors (102, 202). For example, one or more processors (102, 202) may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, SDAP). One or more processors (102, 202) may generate one or more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and / or one or more Service Data Units (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. One or more processors (102, 202) may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. One or more processors (102, 202) can generate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the functions, procedures, proposals and / or methods disclosed herein, and provide the signals to one or more transceivers (106, 206). One or more processors (102, 202) can receive signals (e.g., baseband signals) from one or more transceivers (106, 206) and obtain PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein.

[0203] One or more processors (102, 202) may be referred to as a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or a microcomputer. One or more processors (102, 202) may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), one or more Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), one or more Digital Signal Processing Devices (DSPDs), one or more Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), or one or more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) may be included in one or more processors (102, 202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be implemented to include modules, procedures, functions, etc. The descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software configured to perform one or more processors (102, 202) or stored in one or more memories (104, 204) and executed by one or more processors (102, 202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of codes, instructions and / or sets of instructions.

[0204] One or more memories (104, 204) may be coupled to one or more processors (102, 202) and may store various forms of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions, and / or commands. The one or more memories (104, 204) may be configured as ROM, RAM, EPROM, flash memory, hard drives, registers, cache memory, computer-readable storage media, and / or combinations thereof. The one or more memories (104, 204) may be located internally and / or externally to the one or more processors (102, 202). Additionally, the one or more memories (104, 204) may be coupled to the one or more processors (102, 202) via various technologies, such as wired or wireless connections.

[0205] One or more transceivers (106, 206) can transmit user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the methods and / or flowcharts of this document, to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers (106, 206) can receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or flowcharts of this document, from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers (106, 206) can be connected to one or more processors (102, 202) and can transmit and receive wireless signals. For example, one or more processors (102, 202) can control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to transmit user data, control information, or wireless signals to one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more processors (102, 202) may control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to receive user data, control information, or wireless signals from one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be coupled to one or more antennas (108, 208), and one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, or the like, as referred to in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein, via one or more antennas (108, 208). In this document, one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). One or more transceivers (106, 206) can convert received user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. from RF band signals to baseband signals in order to process the received user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. using one or more processors (102, 202).One or more transceivers (106, 206) may convert user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. processed by one or more processors (102, 202) from baseband signals to RF band signals. For this purpose, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may include an (analog) oscillator and / or filter.

[0206] Fig. 16 illustrates a signal processing circuit for a transmission signal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of Fig. 16 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0207] Referring to FIG. 16, the signal processing circuit (1000) may include a scrambler (1010), a modulator (1020), a layer mapper (1030), a precoder (1040), a resource mapper (1050), and a signal generator (1060). Although not limited thereto, the operations / functions of FIG. 16 may be performed in the processor (102, 202) and / or the transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 15. The hardware elements of FIG. 16 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) and / or the transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 15. For example, blocks 1010 to 1060 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) of FIG. 15. Additionally, blocks 1010 to 1050 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) of FIG. 15, and block 1060 may be implemented in the transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 15.

[0208] The codeword can be converted into a wireless signal through the signal processing circuit (1000) of FIG. 16. Here, the codeword is an encoded bit sequence of an information block. The information block can include a transport block (e.g., an UL-SCH transport block, a DL-SCH transport block). The wireless signal can be transmitted through various physical channels (e.g., a PUSCH or a PDSCH).

[0209] Specifically, the codeword can be converted into a bit sequence scrambled by a scrambler (1010). The scramble sequence used for scrambling is generated based on an initialization value, and the initialization value may include ID information of the wireless device, etc. The scrambled bit sequence can be modulated into a modulation symbol sequence by a modulator (1020). The modulation method may include pi / 2-BPSK (pi / 2-Binary Phase Shift Keying), m-PSK (m-Phase Shift Keying), m-QAM (m-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation), etc. The complex modulation symbol sequence can be mapped to one or more transmission layers by a layer mapper (1030). The modulation symbols of each transmission layer can be mapped to the corresponding antenna port(s) by a precoder (1040) (precoding). The output z of the precoder (1040) can be obtained by multiplying the output y of the layer mapper (1030) by a precoding matrix W of N*M. Here, N is the number of antenna ports, and M is the number of transmission layers. Here, the precoder (1040) can perform precoding after performing transform precoding (e.g., DFT transform) on complex modulation symbols. In addition, the precoder (1040) can perform precoding without performing transform precoding.

[0210] The resource mapper (1050) can map modulation symbols of each antenna port to time-frequency resources. The time-frequency resources can include multiple symbols (e.g., CP-OFDMA symbols, DFT-s-OFDMA symbols) in the time domain and multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. The signal generator (1060) generates a wireless signal from the mapped modulation symbols, and the generated wireless signal can be transmitted to another device through each antenna. To this end, the signal generator (1060) can include an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) module, a Cyclic Prefix (CP) inserter, a Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC), a frequency uplink converter, etc.

[0211] The signal processing process for receiving signals in a wireless device can be configured in reverse order of the signal processing process (1010 to 1060) of FIG. 16. For example, a wireless device (e.g., 100, 200 of FIG. 15) can receive wireless signals from the outside through an antenna port / transceiver. The received wireless signals can be converted into baseband signals through a signal restorer. For this purpose, the signal restorer can include a frequency downlink converter, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a CP remover, and a fast Fourier transform (FFT) module. Thereafter, the baseband signal can be restored to a codeword through a resource demapper process, a postcoding process, a demodulation process, and a descrambling process. The codewords can be restored to the original information blocks through decoding. Accordingly, a signal processing circuit (not shown) for a received signal may include a signal restorer, a resource de-mapper, a postcoder, a demodulator, a de-scrambler, and a decoder.

[0212] Figure 17 illustrates a wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The wireless device may be implemented in various forms depending on the use case / service (see Figure 14). The embodiment of Figure 17 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0213] Referring to FIG. 17, the wireless device (100, 200) corresponds to the wireless device (100, 200) of FIG. 15 and may be composed of various elements, components, units / units, and / or modules. For example, the wireless device (100, 200) may include a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a memory unit (130), and additional elements (140). The communication unit may include a communication circuit (112) and a transceiver(s) (114). For example, the communication circuit (112) may include one or more processors (102, 202) and / or one or more memories (104, 204) of FIG. 15. For example, the transceiver(s) (114) may include one or more transceivers (106, 206) and / or one or more antennas (108, 208) of FIG. 15. The control unit (120) is electrically connected to the communication unit (110), the memory unit (130), and the additional elements (140) and controls the overall operation of the wireless device. For example, the control unit (120) may control the electrical / mechanical operation of the wireless device based on the program / code / command / information stored in the memory unit (130). In addition, the control unit (120) may transmit information stored in the memory unit (130) to an external device (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless / wired interface through the communication unit (110), or store information received from an external device (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless / wired interface in the memory unit (130).

[0214] The additional element (140) may be configured in various ways depending on the type of the wireless device. For example, the additional element (140) may include at least one of a power unit / battery, an input / output unit (I / O unit), a driving unit, and a computing unit. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device may be implemented in the form of a robot (Fig. 14, 100a), a vehicle (Fig. 14, 100b-1, 100b-2), an XR device (Fig. 14, 100c), a portable device (Fig. 14, 100d), a home appliance (Fig. 14, 100e), an IoT device (Fig. 14, 100f), a digital broadcasting terminal, a hologram device, a public safety device, an MTC device, a medical device, a fintech device (or a financial device), a security device, a climate / environmental device, an AI server / device (Fig. 14, 400), a base station (Fig. 14, 200), a network node, etc. Wireless devices may be mobile or stationary depending on the use / service.

[0215] In FIG. 17, various elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules within the wireless device (100, 200) may be interconnected entirely via a wired interface, or at least some may be wirelessly connected via a communication unit (110). For example, within the wireless device (100, 200), the control unit (120) and the communication unit (110) may be wired, and the control unit (120) and the first unit (e.g., 130, 140) may be wirelessly connected via the communication unit (110). In addition, each element, component, unit / part, and / or module within the wireless device (100, 200) may further include one or more elements. For example, the control unit (120) may be composed of one or more processor sets. For example, the control unit (120) may be composed of a set of a communication control processor, an application processor, an electronic control unit (ECU), a graphics processing processor, a memory control processor, etc. As another example, the memory unit (130) may be composed of a random access memory (RAM), a dynamic RAM (DRAM), a read only memory (ROM), a flash memory, a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, and / or a combination thereof.

[0216] Below, the implementation example of Fig. 17 is described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

[0217] FIG. 18 illustrates a mobile device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The mobile device may include a smartphone, a smart pad, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch, smartglasses), or a portable computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.). The mobile device may be referred to as a Mobile Station (MS), a User Terminal (UT), a Mobile Subscriber Station (MSS), a Subscriber Station (SS), an Advanced Mobile Station (AMS), or a Wireless Terminal (WT). The embodiment of FIG. 18 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0218] Referring to FIG. 18, the portable device (100) may include an antenna unit (108), a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a memory unit (130), a power supply unit (140a), an interface unit (140b), and an input / output unit (140c). The antenna unit (108) may be configured as a part of the communication unit (110). Blocks 110 to 130 / 140a to 140c correspond to blocks 110 to 130 / 140 of FIG. 17, respectively.

[0219] The communication unit (110) can transmit and receive signals (e.g., data, control signals, etc.) with other wireless devices and base stations. The control unit (120) can control components of the mobile device (100) to perform various operations. The control unit (120) can include an AP (Application Processor). The memory unit (130) can store data / parameters / programs / codes / commands required for operating the mobile device (100). In addition, the memory unit (130) can store input / output data / information, etc. The power supply unit (140a) supplies power to the mobile device (100) and can include a wired / wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc. The interface unit (140b) can support connection between the mobile device (100) and other external devices. The interface unit (140b) can include various ports (e.g., audio input / output ports, video input / output ports) for connection with external devices. The input / output unit (140c) can input or output video information / signals, audio information / signals, data, and / or information input from a user. The input / output unit (140c) may include a camera, a microphone, a user input unit, a display unit (140d), a speaker, and / or a haptic module.

[0220] For example, in the case of data communication, the input / output unit (140c) obtains information / signals (e.g., touch, text, voice, image, video) input by the user, and the obtained information / signals can be stored in the memory unit (130). The communication unit (110) converts the information / signals stored in the memory into wireless signals, and can directly transmit the converted wireless signals to other wireless devices or to a base station. In addition, the communication unit (110) can receive wireless signals from other wireless devices or base stations, and then restore the received wireless signals to the original information / signals. The restored information / signals can be stored in the memory unit (130) and then output in various forms (e.g., text, voice, image, video, haptic) through the input / output unit (140c).

[0221] The claims set forth in this specification may be combined in various ways. For example, the technical features of the method claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a device, and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a method. Furthermore, the technical features of the method claims and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a device, and the technical features of the method claims and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a method.

Claims

1. In the method, A first device performs sensing based on a server-supported sensing mode; and A step of acquiring sensing data based on sensing based on the above server-supported sensing mode; including; A method in which sensing based on the server-supported sensing mode is performed based on the fact that no resources for transmitting a sensing signal are allocated to the first device.

2. In paragraph 1, A method in which switching from the first device's own sensing mode to the server-assisted sensing mode is performed based on the fact that no resources for transmitting the sensing signal are allocated to the first device.

3. In paragraph 1, A method in which sensing based on the above server-supported sensing mode is performed based on the fact that the sensing result based on the first device's own sensing mode does not satisfy the quality of service (QoS) requirements of the sensing service.

4. In paragraph 1, A method in which sensing based on the server-supported sensing mode is performed based on at least one of a reference signal received power (RSRP) value or a reference signal received quality (RSRQ) value related to a channel for transmitting or receiving the sensing signal being below a threshold value.

5. In paragraph 1, A method wherein sensing based on the server-supported sensing mode is performed based on sensing triggered by a non-communication sensor based on the first device.

6. In paragraph 1, A method in which sensing based on the server-supported sensing mode is performed based on a failure of a resource request message for transmitting the sensing signal because the priority of the resource request message for transmitting the sensing signal is lower than the priority of the resource request message for transmitting the communication signal.

7. In paragraph 1, A method in which sensing based on the server-supported sensing mode is performed based on at least one of the transmission power of the sensing signal or the reception power of the sensing signal reflected by the target object being below a threshold value.

8. In paragraph 1, A method in which sensing based on the above server-supported sensing mode is performed based on a signaling overhead for a sensing service being greater than a threshold value.

9. In paragraph 1, A method in which sensing based on the above server-supported sensing mode is performed based on a usage rate of a physical resource block being greater than a threshold value.

10. In paragraph 1, A method in which sensing based on the above server-supported sensing mode is performed based on the traffic of a base station or network exceeding a threshold.

11. In paragraph 1, A method wherein sensing based on the server-supported sensing mode is performed based on the target object moving out of the sensing coverage associated with the sensing signal.

12. In paragraph 1, A method in which sensing based on the server-supported sensing mode is performed based on the distance between the first device and the target object located on the line of sight (LOS) being less than or equal to a threshold value.

13. In paragraph 1, A method in which sensing of a target object is performed based on (i) sensing data obtained by sensing based on a first device self-sensing mode performed prior to sensing based on the server-assisted sensing mode, and (ii) sensing data obtained by sensing based on the server-assisted sensing mode.

14. In the first device, At least one transmitter / receiver; at least one processor; and At least one memory connected to said at least one processor and storing instructions, said instructions being executed by said at least one processor, wherein said first device causes: Perform sensing based on server-supported sensing mode; and Based on the sensing based on the above server-supported sensing mode, sensing data is acquired, The sensing based on the above server-supported sensing mode is performed based on the first device not being allocated resources for transmitting a sensing signal.

15. In a processing device set to control the first device, at least one processor; and At least one memory connected to said at least one processor and storing instructions, said instructions being executed by said at least one processor, wherein said first device causes: Perform sensing based on server-supported sensing mode; and Based on the sensing based on the above server-supported sensing mode, sensing data is acquired, A processing device wherein sensing based on the server-supported sensing mode is performed based on the fact that no resources for transmitting a sensing signal are allocated to the first device.

16. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that records commands, The above commands, when executed, cause the first device to: Perform sensing based on server-supported sensing mode; and Based on the sensing based on the above server-supported sensing mode, sensing data is acquired, A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, wherein sensing based on the server-supported sensing mode is performed based on the fact that no resources for transmitting a sensing signal are allocated to the first device.

17. In the method, A step in which the second device receives a request message from the first device to switch the first device's own sensing mode; and A step of transmitting information indicating a second device support sensing mode to the first device; A method in which the first device self-sensing mode is switched to the second device-supported sensing mode based on the sensing result not satisfying the quality of service (QoS) requirement of the sensing service.

18. In the second device, At least one transmitter / receiver; at least one processor; and At least one memory connected to said at least one processor and storing instructions, said instructions being executed by said at least one processor, wherein said second device causes: Receive a request message from the first device to switch the first device's own sensing mode; and To transmit information indicating a second device support sensing mode to the first device, A second device that switches from the first device self-sensing mode to the second device-supported sensing mode based on the sensing result based on the first device self-sensing mode not satisfying the quality of service (QoS) requirements of the sensing service.

19. In a processing device set to control a second device, at least one processor; and At least one memory connected to said at least one processor and storing instructions, said instructions being executed by said at least one processor, wherein said second device causes: Receive a request message from the first device to switch the first device's own sensing mode; and To transmit information indicating a second device support sensing mode to the first device, A processing device that switches from the first device self-sensing mode to the second device-supported sensing mode based on the sensing result based on the first device self-sensing mode not satisfying the quality of service (QoS) requirement of the sensing service.

20. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that records commands, The above commands, when executed, cause the second device to: Receive a request message from the first device to switch the first device's own sensing mode; and To transmit information indicating a second device support sensing mode to the first device, A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium in which the first device self-sensing mode is switched to the second device-assisted sensing mode based on the sensing result based on the first device self-sensing mode not satisfying the quality of service (QoS) requirement of the sensing service.

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