LED structure, LED lamp bead, and backlight source

Abstract

The present application discloses an LED structure, an LED lamp bead, and a backlight source. The LED structure comprises a light-emitting assembly and a scattering structure layer that are stacked. The scattering structure layer is configured to regulate a divergence angle of first emergent light of the light-emitting assembly, so that the divergence angle of the first emergent light is converted from a first angle to a second angle, wherein the second angle is greater than the first angle.

Description

An LED structure, LED chips and backlight

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202422138808.8, filed on August 30, 2024, entitled "An LED Structure, LED Beads and Backlight", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of light source technology, specifically to an LED lamp bead structure and a light source module. Background Technology

[0003] The trend towards larger and thinner display screens has placed higher demands on backlight systems. In order to achieve a larger beam divergence angle with fewer LED chips at a shorter optical distance, current backlight systems use devices such as total internal reflection lenses, reflective sheets, and diffusion films. Technical issues

[0004] However, the presence of large-volume lenses and reflectors increases optical losses, thus affecting light efficiency and visual effects. Technical solutions

[0005] This application provides an LED structure, LED beads, and backlight, which can expand the light divergence angle of the LED structure and reduce optical loss to improve luminous efficacy and visual effect.

[0006] This application provides an LED structure, including a light-emitting component and a scattering structure layer stacked together; the scattering structure layer is used to adjust the divergence angle of the first emitted light from the light-emitting component, so that the divergence angle of the first emitted light is changed from a first angle to a second angle; wherein the second angle is greater than the first angle.

[0007] In some embodiments of the LED structure, the scattering structure layer includes a first microstructure layer.

[0008] In some embodiments of the LED structure, the first microstructure layer includes a plurality of microstructures arranged in an array.

[0009] In some embodiments of the LED structure, the first microstructure layer includes a plurality of microstructures, the microstructures being cylindrical, prismatic, hemispherical, or pyramidal in shape.

[0010] In some embodiments of the LED structure, the first microstructure layer includes a plurality of microstructures, wherein the plurality of microstructures are nanostructures.

[0011] In some embodiments of the LED structure, multiple microstructures are arranged in a rectangular array, and the center distance between two adjacent microstructures is greater than the wavelength of the first emitted light.

[0012] In some embodiments of the LED structure, multiple microstructures are arranged in a concentric circle array, and the interval between two adjacent concentric circles is greater than the wavelength of the first emitted light.

[0013] In some embodiments of the LED structure, the LED structure further includes a reflective structure layer, which is stacked on the scattering structure layer;

[0014] The reflective structure layer is used to reflect at least a portion of the second outgoing light rays after they have exited through the scattering structure layer back to the scattering structure layer.

[0015] The scattering structure layer is also used to rescatter the light reflected by the reflecting structure layer.

[0016] In some embodiments of the LED structure, the reflective structure layer includes a plurality of stacked optical thin film layers, and the refractive indices of adjacent optical thin film layers are different.

[0017] In some embodiments of the LED structure, the reflective structure layer includes a plurality of alternatingly stacked first and second film layers, wherein the refractive indices of the first and second film layers are different.

[0018] In some embodiments of the LED structure, the reflective structure layer includes a first film layer and a second film layer stacked together, wherein the refractive indices of the first film layer and the second film layer are different.

[0019] In some embodiments of the LED structure, the reflective structure layer includes a second microstructure layer.

[0020] In some embodiments of the LED structure, the second microstructure layer includes a plurality of microstructures arranged in an array.

[0021] In some embodiments of the LED structure, the second microstructure layer includes a plurality of microstructures, the microstructures being cylindrical, prismatic, hemispherical, or pyramidal in shape.

[0022] This application also provides an LED structure, including a light-emitting layer, a scattering structure layer and a substrate stacked sequentially;

[0023] The scattering structure layer is used to adjust the divergence angle of the emitted light from the light-emitting layer, so that the divergence angle of the emitted light is changed from a first angle to a second angle; wherein the second angle is greater than the first angle.

[0024] In some embodiments of the LED structure, the LED structure further includes a reflective structure layer, which is stacked on a substrate; the direction of the light-emitting layer toward the substrate is the light-emitting direction of the LED structure.

[0025] The reflective structure layer is used to reflect at least a portion of the light emitted in the light-emitting direction to the scattering structure layer;

[0026] The scattering structure layer is also used to rescatter the light reflected by the reflecting structure layer.

[0027] This application embodiment also provides an LED structure, which includes a back reflection layer, a scattering structure layer, a light-emitting layer, and a substrate stacked sequentially; the direction of the light-emitting layer toward the substrate is the light emission direction of the LED structure.

[0028] The scattering structure layer is used to scatter the emitted light from the light-emitting layer and / or the reflected light from the back reflection layer, thereby increasing the light divergence angle in the light emission direction.

[0029] In some embodiments of the LED structure, the LED structure further includes a reflective structure layer, which is stacked on the substrate;

[0030] The reflective structure layer is used to reflect at least a portion of the light emitted in the light-emitting direction to the scattering structure layer;

[0031] The scattering structure layer is also used to rescatter the light reflected by the reflecting structure layer.

[0032] This application embodiment also provides an LED lamp bead, which includes an LED structure; the LED structure includes a light-emitting component and a scattering structure layer stacked together; the scattering structure layer is used to adjust the divergence angle of the first emitted light from the light-emitting component, so that the divergence angle of the first emitted light is changed from a first angle to a second angle; wherein, the second angle is greater than the first angle.

[0033] This application embodiment also provides a backlight source, which includes multiple LED structures; the LED structures include stacked light-emitting components and a scattering structure layer; the scattering structure layer is used to adjust the divergence angle of the first emitted light from the light-emitting components, so that the divergence angle of the first emitted light is changed from a first angle to a second angle; wherein, the second angle is greater than the first angle. Beneficial effects

[0034] This application provides an LED structure, LED chips, and a backlight. The LED structure includes stacked light-emitting components and a scattering structure layer. The scattering structure layer increases the divergence angle of the light emitted from the light-emitting components, thereby increasing the light emission divergence angle of the LED structure. When using this LED structure to form a backlight, on the one hand, it ensures that the LED structure achieves a larger divergence angle at a shorter optical distance, which is beneficial for the design of thinner and lighter products. On the other hand, it reduces the use of additional lenses, reflectors, and diffusion film layers, avoiding the absorption or reflection of light energy by the film layers, thus reducing light energy loss, improving light utilization, reducing power consumption, and achieving the goal of improving luminous efficacy and visual effect. Attached Figure Description

[0035] The technical solution and other beneficial effects of this application will become apparent from the following detailed description of specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0036] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the LED structure provided in this application.

[0037] Figures 2 and 3 are schematic diagrams of the microstructure arrangement of the first microstructure layer in the LED structure provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0038] Figure 4 is a top view schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the scattering structure layer in the LED structure provided in this application.

[0039] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the light rays in Figure 4 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0040] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between scattering intensity and scattering angle of microstructures at different heights in the first microstructure layer provided in the embodiment of this application.

[0041] Figure 7 is a top view schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the scattering structure layer in the LED structure provided in this application.

[0042] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the light rays in Figure 7 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0043] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the LED structure provided in this application.

[0044] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the reflective structure layer in the LED structure provided in this application.

[0045] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of optical interference in the optical thin film layer of the LED structure provided in the embodiment of this application.

[0046] Figure 12 is an optical schematic diagram of Figure 10 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0047] Figure 13 is a top view schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the reflective structure layer in the LED structure provided in this application.

[0048] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the LED structure provided in this application.

[0049] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the fourth embodiment of the LED structure provided in this application.

[0050] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the fifth embodiment of the LED structure provided in this application.

[0051] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the sixth embodiment of the LED structure provided in this application.

[0052] Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of the backlight provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0053] Reference numerals: 11, light-emitting component; 12, scattering structure layer; 13, reflecting structure layer; 131, optical thin film layer; 10, substrate; 20, LED structure; 111, back reflection layer; 112, light-emitting layer; 113, substrate. Detailed Implementation

[0054] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0055] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Features thus defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0056] Please refer to Figure 1. This embodiment provides an LED structure, which includes a light-emitting component 11 and a scattering structure layer 12 stacked together. The scattering structure layer 12 is used to adjust the divergence angle of the first emitted light from the light-emitting component 11, so that the divergence angle of the first emitted light is changed from a first angle to a second angle. The second angle is greater than the first angle.

[0057] In the embodiments of this application, a scattering structure layer 12 is directly added to a single LED chip to form a single LED structure. The scattering structure layer 12 increases the divergence angle of the first emitted light from the light-emitting component 11, thereby increasing the light emission divergence angle of the LED structure. When using this LED structure to form a backlight, on the one hand, it can ensure that the LED structure achieves a larger divergence angle at a shorter optical distance, which is beneficial for the thinner and lighter design of the product; on the other hand, it can reduce the use of additional lenses, reflectors, and diffusion film layers, which can avoid the absorption or reflection of light energy by the film layers on the LED structure, thereby reducing light energy loss, improving light utilization, reducing power consumption, and achieving the purpose of improving luminous efficiency and visual effect.

[0058] Furthermore, when using this LED structure to form a backlight, there is no need to add additional structural layers such as lenses, reflectors, and diffusion films, which simplifies the backlight structure and reduces costs. Moreover, when using this LED structure to form a backlight, compared to LED structures with small divergence angles, using sparser LED chips can achieve uniform brightness, reducing the number of LEDs and thus saving costs.

[0059] In some embodiments, the scattering structure layer 12 includes a first microstructure layer, which comprises multiple microstructures, each of which is cylindrical, prismatic, hemispherical, or pyramidal in shape. In this embodiment, the shapes of the multiple microstructures in the first microstructure layer can all be identical, i.e., all of them are cylindrical or prismatic. Of course, the multiple microstructures in the first microstructure layer can have various combinations of different shapes, i.e., some of the microstructures in the first microstructure layer are cylindrical, while others are prismatic. This application does not specifically limit this. In this embodiment, the maximum center distance between the microstructures is greater than the wavelength of the emitted light from the light-emitting component 11, and the dimensions of each corresponding microstructure are greater than the wavelength of the emitted light from the light-emitting component 11 but less than the maximum center distance, so as to achieve a light scattering effect and expand the light emission divergence angle of the LED structure.

[0060] In some embodiments, the first microstructure layer includes multiple microstructures arranged in an array. For example, the multiple microstructures can be arranged in a rectangular array or in a concentric circular array. Taking a cylindrical shape as an example: As shown in Figure 2, the multiple microstructures in the first microstructure layer are arranged in a rectangular array, where p1 and p2 represent the center distance between two columns of microstructures. As shown in Figure 3, the multiple microstructures in the first microstructure layer are arranged in a concentric circular array, where p3 is the interval between the microstructure located at the center of the concentric circle and the adjacent concentric circle, and p4 is the interval between the second and third concentric circles.

[0061] In one embodiment, multiple microstructures are arranged in a rectangular array, with the center-to-center distance between two adjacent microstructures greater than the wavelength of the first emitted light; for example, this center-to-center distance is 1.5 or 2 times the wavelength. The center-to-center distance between two adjacent microstructures is shown as p1 and p2 in Figure 2. Since the multiple microstructures are arranged in an array, p1 and p2 are equal and greater than the wavelength of the first emitted light. If the emitted light from the LED structure is blue light, then the wavelength of the first emitted light is the blue light wavelength; if the emitted light from the LED structure is red light, then the wavelength of the first emitted light is the red light wavelength.

[0062] As one embodiment, multiple microstructures are arranged in a concentric circle array, with the spacing between two adjacent concentric circles greater than the wavelength of the first emitted light; for example, this spacing is 1.5 or 2 times the wavelength. The spacing between two adjacent concentric circles is shown as p3 and p4 in Figure 3, where p3 and p4 are equal and greater than the wavelength of the first emitted light. Similarly, if the emitted light from the LED structure is blue light, then the wavelength of the first emitted light is the blue light wavelength; if the emitted light from the LED structure is red light, then the wavelength of the first emitted light is the red light wavelength.

[0063] In this embodiment, multiple microstructures are arranged in an array, with a certain arrangement period between the microstructures, so that the first microstructure layer has grating diffraction characteristics. Thus, the light passing through the first microstructure layer is coupled to higher-order diffraction, thereby expanding the divergence angle.

[0064] Specifically, please refer to Figures 4 and 5 together. Taking the prism-shaped microstructure in the first microstructure layer as an example, a beam of incident light at a specific angle can be diffracted to multiple angles, i.e., multiple diffraction orders, through the arrayed structure layers, resulting in a wider angular range of light emission and a diffusion effect to uniformly distribute the light spot. At the same time, by precisely controlling the size of the arrangement period (such as the size of p1, p2, p3, and p4), the intensity of different diffraction orders can be controlled, further achieving the effect of diffused and uniform light distribution.

[0065] As one embodiment, the microstructures in the first microstructure layer are nanostructures, meaning that all microstructures in the first microstructure layer are nanoscale microstructures. In this embodiment, by setting the microstructures to be nanoscale structures with dimensions at the same level as the wavelength, the effect of expanding the divergence angle is ensured to be more significant. Specifically, when multiple microstructures in the first microstructure layer are arranged in an array, the size of the microstructure is smaller than the arrangement period formed by the array; when multiple microstructures in the first microstructure layer are not arranged in an array, the maximum center distance between the microstructures is greater than the wavelength of the emitted light from the light-emitting component 11, and the dimensions of each microstructure are greater than the wavelength of the emitted light from the light-emitting component 11, but the dimensions of each microstructure are smaller than the maximum center distance.

[0066] The angle of divergence can be adjusted by regulating the size of the microstructure; for example, adjusting the height and thickness of a cylindrical microstructure, or the height and base side length of a pyramidal microstructure. As shown in Figure 6, when the microstructure is pyramidal, different heights of microstructures result in different scattering intensities and scattering angles. The different colored curves in the figure correspond to microstructures of different heights. The heights of the microstructures corresponding to curves A, B, C, D, and E increase progressively. For example, the height of the microstructure corresponding to curve A is zero, and the height of the microstructure corresponding to curve E is the largest among the five curves.

[0067] Please refer to Figures 7 and 8 together. The dimensions of the multiple microstructures in the first microstructure layer can be different, such as cylindrical microstructures. The diameters and heights of microstructures at different locations can also be different. In this embodiment, by controlling the outgoing direction of the incident light at each local microstructure location, the overall incident light diffusion and uniform light are ultimately achieved. The corresponding principle is shown in Figure 8.

[0068] Please refer to Figure 9. In some embodiments, the LED structure further includes a reflective structure layer 13, which is stacked on the scattering structure layer 12. The reflective structure layer 13 is used to reflect at least a portion of the second emitted light rays after they have exited the scattering structure layer 12 back to the scattering structure layer 12. The scattering structure layer 12 is also used to scatter the light rays reflected by the reflective structure layer 13 again, so as to further improve the light emission divergence angle of the LED structure.

[0069] In this embodiment, a reflective structure layer 13 is superimposed on the scattering structure layer 12. When the first emitted light from the light-emitting component 11 is scattered by the scattering structure layer 12, it becomes the second emitted light. The second emitted light is reflected by the reflective structure layer 13. The light reflected by the reflective structure layer 13 will be scattered again by the scattering structure layer 12. Thus, by setting the reflective structure layer 13 on the scattering structure layer 12, the light can be scattered multiple times by the scattering structure layer 12, so that the LED structure can obtain a larger divergence angle.

[0070] Referring to Figures 10 and 11, in some embodiments, the reflective structure layer 13 includes multiple stacked optical thin film layers, and the refractive indices of adjacent optical thin film layers are different. In this embodiment, the thickness of each optical thin film layer can be adjusted so that incident light rays at small angles interfere constructively, increasing the transmittance and allowing all light to pass through; while incident light rays at large angles interfere destructively, decreasing the transmittance and causing all light to be reflected. Therefore, the first outgoing light rays with a large divergence angle are reflected to the scattering structure layer 12 after passing through multiple optical thin film layers, thereby expanding the light divergence angle of the LED structure.

[0071] As one embodiment, the reflective structure layer 13 may also include multiple alternating layers of first and second films, with different refractive indices for the first and second films. That is, in this embodiment, the reflective structure layer 13 is provided with only two optical thin film layers of different materials, and multiple layers of the two different optical thin film layers are alternately stacked.

[0072] As one example, the thickness of the optical thin film layer is in the nanometer dimension, for example, the thickness of the optical thin film layer is in the subwavelength dimension. By using a film layer at the nanometer scale, the light can be effectively modulated by the interference and diffraction effect of light.

[0073] In another embodiment, the reflective structure layer 13 includes a first film layer and a second film layer stacked together, wherein the refractive indices of the first film layer and the second film layer are different. That is, in this embodiment, the reflective structure layer 13 is provided with only two optical thin film layers made of two different materials, with one layer of each type of optical thin film layer.

[0074] Please refer to Figures 12 and 13 together. In this embodiment, the thickness of both the first and second film layers can be nanometer-scale. Using nanometer-scale film layers allows for effective modulation of light through the interference and diffraction effects. Specifically, by precisely adjusting the thickness of each film layer, incident light rays within a specific angular range can interfere destructively, reducing transmittance and causing complete reflection, thus facilitating multiple scattering of light. As shown in Figure 12, incident light rays can only pass through when the incident angle α is less than a preset angle range, such as 15°, while incident light rays at other angles are reflected. As shown in Figure 13, incident light rays can pass through when the incident angle α is within a preset angle range, such as 15° to 35°, while incident light rays at other angles are reflected.

[0075] In another embodiment, the reflective structure layer 13 includes a second microstructure layer; the second microstructure layer includes multiple microstructures, the shapes of which are cylindrical, prismatic, hemispherical, or pyramidal. In this embodiment, the shapes of the multiple microstructures in the second microstructure layer can all be the same, that is, all the multiple microstructures in the second microstructure layer are cylindrical or all are prismatic. Of course, the multiple microstructures in the second microstructure layer can have various combinations of different shapes, that is, some of the microstructures in the second microstructure layer are cylindrical and others are prismatic; this application does not specifically limit this. In this embodiment, the maximum center distance between the microstructures is less than the wavelength of the emitted light from the light-emitting component 11, and the dimensions of each corresponding microstructure are less than the wavelength of the emitted light from the light-emitting component 11, so as to achieve effective reflection of light.

[0076] In some embodiments, the second microstructure layer includes multiple microstructures arranged in an array. For example, the multiple microstructures can be arranged in a rectangular array or in a concentric circular array. Taking a cylindrical shape as an example: As shown in Figure 2, the multiple microstructures in the first microstructure layer are arranged in a rectangular array, where p1 and p2 represent the center distance between two columns of microstructures. As shown in Figure 3, the multiple microstructures in the second microstructure layer are arranged in a concentric circular array, where p3 is the interval between the microstructure located at the center of the concentric circle and the adjacent concentric circle, and p4 is the interval between the second and third concentric circles.

[0077] Similarly, in this embodiment, multiple microstructures are arranged in an array, forming a certain arrangement period between them. This arrangement period can be less than the wavelength of the first emitted light, i.e., p1 and p2 are the same and less than the wavelength of the first emitted light, or p3 and p4 are the same and less than the wavelength of the first emitted light. In this embodiment, the size of the microstructures can be adjusted, such as the height and thickness of the cylindrical microstructures, and the height and base side length of the pyramidal microstructures, to give the second microstructure layer different reflective effects. This facilitates further expanding the light diffusion angle of the LED structure when combined with the scattering structure layer.

[0078] In this embodiment, the microstructure in the second microstructure layer is a nanostructure; by setting the microstructure to a size at the same level as the wavelength, i.e., a nanoscale structure, the effect of expanding the divergence angle is ensured to be more significant.

[0079] In this embodiment, an LED structure is obtained by stacking a scattering structure layer 12 and a reflective structure layer 13 on the surface of the LED chip, thereby increasing the light divergence angle of the LED structure. When using this LED structure to form a backlight, on the one hand, it can ensure that the LED structure achieves a larger divergence angle at a shorter optical distance, which is beneficial for the design of thinner and lighter products; on the other hand, it can reduce the use of additional lenses, reflectors, and diffusion film layers, which can avoid the absorption or reflection of light energy by the film layers on the LED structure, thereby reducing light energy loss, improving light utilization, reducing power consumption, and achieving the purpose of improving luminous efficiency and visual effect.

[0080] Furthermore, when using this LED structure to form a backlight, there is no need to add additional structural layers such as lenses, reflectors, and diffusion films, which simplifies the backlight structure, reduces its size, and lowers costs. Moreover, when using this LED structure to form a backlight, compared to LED structures with small divergence angles, using more sparsely arranged LED chips can achieve uniform brightness, reducing the number of LEDs and thus saving costs.

[0081] Referring to Figure 14, this application embodiment also provides an LED structure, which includes a back reflection layer 111, a light-emitting layer 112, a scattering structure layer 12, and a substrate 113 stacked sequentially. The scattering structure layer 12 is used to adjust the divergence angle of the first emitted light from the light-emitting layer 112, so that the divergence angle of the first emitted light is changed from a first angle to a second angle; wherein, the second angle is greater than the first angle. Instead of setting the scattering structure layer 12 on the surface of the LED chip, a scattering structure layer 12 can also be set inside the LED chip to form a single LED structure; specifically, the scattering structure layer 12 can also be disposed between the light-emitting layer 112 and the substrate 113. By setting the scattering structure layer 12 inside the LED chip, when the light from the light-emitting layer 112 inside the LED chip passes through the scattering structure layer 12, it can be scattered by the scattering structure layer 12 to expand the divergence angle, ultimately increasing the light emission divergence angle of the LED structure.

[0082] Meanwhile, due to the presence of the back reflection layer 111, the light passing through the scattering structure layer 12 can be reflected by the back reflection layer 111 and then scattered again by the scattering structure layer 12, so as to further expand the light emission divergence angle of the LED structure.

[0083] It should be noted that the scattering structure layer 12 in this embodiment has the same structure as the scattering structure layer 12 described above. Therefore, the specific structure of the scattering structure layer 12 will not be described in detail here.

[0084] Please refer to Figure 15. In some embodiments, the LED structure further includes a reflective structure layer 13, which is stacked on the substrate 113. The direction of the light-emitting layer 112 toward the substrate 113 is the light-emitting direction of the LED structure. The reflective structure layer 13 is used to reflect at least a portion of the light emitted in the light-emitting direction to the scattering structure layer 12. The scattering structure layer 12 is also used to scatter the light reflected by the reflective structure layer 13 again to further expand the light emission divergence angle of the LED structure. It should be noted that the structure of the reflective structure layer 13 in this embodiment is consistent with that of the reflective structure layer 13 described above. Therefore, the specific structure of the reflective structure layer 13 in this embodiment will not be described again here.

[0085] Referring to Figure 16, this application embodiment also provides an LED structure, including a back reflective layer 111, a scattering structure layer 12, a light-emitting layer 112, and a substrate 113 stacked sequentially; the direction of the light-emitting layer 112 toward the substrate 113 is the light emission direction of the LED structure; the scattering structure layer 12 is used to scatter the emitted light from the light-emitting layer 112 and / or the reflected light from the back reflective layer 111, thereby increasing the light emission divergence angle of the light emission direction. In the embodiments of this application, the scattering structure layer 12 can also be disposed between the back reflective layer 111 and the light-emitting layer 112. In this case, the emitted light from the light-emitting layer 112 along the direction opposite to the light emission direction can be scattered by the scattering structure layer 12; then the light passing through the scattering structure layer 12 will be reflected by the back reflective layer 111 and then scattered again by the scattering structure layer 12, thereby realizing multiple scattering of light to expand the light emission scattering angle of the LED structure.

[0086] Please refer to Figure 17. In some embodiments, the LED structure further includes a reflective structure layer 13, which is stacked on the substrate 113. The reflective structure layer 13 is used to reflect at least a portion of the light emitted in the light-emitting direction to the scattering structure layer 12. The scattering structure layer 12 is also used to scatter the light reflected by the reflective structure layer 13 again, so that the LED structure can obtain a larger divergence angle.

[0087] This application also provides an LED lamp bead, which includes a bracket structure and an LED structure disposed in the bracket structure. Since the LED structure has been described in detail above, it will not be repeated here.

[0088] Referring to Figure 18, this application embodiment also discloses a backlight source, which includes a substrate 10 on which a plurality of the aforementioned LED structures 20 are attached. Since each LED structure 20 is provided with a scattering structure layer 12 and a reflecting structure layer 13, a larger light divergence angle and a more uniform light spot distribution can be achieved at a shorter optical distance. Simultaneously, structures such as diffusion films, reflectors, or reflector cups can be omitted, effectively simplifying the backlight source structure and manufacturing process, thereby reducing costs. Furthermore, reducing the use of lenses, reflectors, and diffusion film layers can prevent the absorption or reflection of light energy from the LED structures 20 by the film layers, thereby reducing light energy loss and improving visual effects. Since lenses, reflectors, and diffusion film layers occupy a large volume and weight, reducing their presence simplifies the backlight source structure, reduces the overall volume and weight, and lowers manufacturing difficulty and cost.

[0089] This application embodiment also provides a backlight source, which includes a plurality of LED beads as described above. Since the structure of the LED has been described in detail above, it will not be repeated here.

[0090] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0091] The LED structure provided in the embodiments of this application has been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the technical solutions and core ideas of this application. Those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. An LED structure, wherein, The LED structure includes a stacked light-emitting component and a scattering structure layer; the scattering structure layer is used to adjust the divergence angle of the first emitted light from the light-emitting component, so that the divergence angle of the first emitted light is changed from a first angle to a second angle; wherein the second angle is greater than the first angle.

2. The LED structure according to claim 1, wherein, The scattering structure layer includes a first microstructure layer.

3. The LED structure according to claim 2, wherein, The first microstructure layer includes multiple microstructures, which are arranged in an array.

4. The LED structure according to claim 2, wherein, The first microstructure layer includes multiple microstructures, and the microstructures are cylindrical, prismatic, hemispherical, or pyramidal in shape.

5. The LED structure according to claim 2, wherein, The first microstructure layer includes multiple microstructures, and the multiple microstructures are nanostructures.

6. The LED structure according to claim 3, wherein, The microstructures are arranged in a rectangular array, and the center distance between two adjacent microstructures is greater than the wavelength of the first emitted light.

7. The LED structure according to claim 3, wherein, The microstructures are arranged in a concentric circle array, and the interval between two adjacent concentric circles is greater than the wavelength of the first emitted light.

8. The LED structure according to claim 1, wherein, The LED structure further includes a reflective structure layer, which is stacked on the scattering structure layer; The reflective structure layer is used to reflect at least a portion of the second outgoing light rays after they have passed through the scattering structure layer back to the scattering structure layer. The scattering structure layer is also used to rescatter the light reflected by the reflecting structure layer.

9. The LED structure according to claim 8, wherein, The reflective structure layer includes multiple stacked optical thin film layers, and the refractive indices of adjacent optical thin film layers are different.

10. The LED structure according to claim 8, wherein, The reflective structure layer includes multiple alternating layers of first and second films, wherein the refractive indices of the first and second films are different.

11. The LED structure according to claim 8, wherein, The reflective structure layer includes a first film layer and a second film layer stacked together, wherein the refractive indices of the first film layer and the second film layer are different.

12. The LED structure according to claim 8, wherein, The reflective structure layer includes a second microstructure layer.

13. The LED structure according to claim 12, wherein, The second microstructure layer includes multiple microstructures arranged in an array.

14. The LED structure according to claim 13, wherein, The second microstructure layer includes multiple microstructures, which are cylindrical, prismatic, hemispherical, or pyramidal in shape.

15. An LED structure, wherein, It includes a light-emitting layer, a scattering structure layer, and a substrate stacked sequentially; The scattering structure layer is used to adjust the divergence angle of the emitted light from the light-emitting layer, so that the divergence angle of the emitted light is changed from a first angle to a second angle; wherein the second angle is greater than the first angle.

16. The LED structure according to claim 15, wherein, The LED structure further includes a reflective structure layer, which is stacked on the substrate; the direction of the light-emitting layer toward the substrate is the light-emitting direction of the LED structure. The reflective structure layer is used to reflect at least a portion of the light emitted in the light-emitting direction to the scattering structure layer; The scattering structure layer is also used to rescatter the light reflected by the reflecting structure layer.

17. An LED structure, wherein, The LED structure comprises a back reflective layer, a scattering structure layer, a light-emitting layer, and a substrate, which are stacked sequentially; the direction of the light-emitting layer toward the substrate is the light-emitting direction of the LED structure. The scattering structure layer is used to scatter the emitted light from the light-emitting layer and / or the reflected light from the back reflection layer, thereby increasing the light emission divergence angle in the light emission direction.

18. The LED structure according to claim 17, wherein, The LED structure further includes a reflective structure layer, which is stacked on the substrate; The reflective structure layer is used to reflect at least a portion of the light emitted in the light-emitting direction to the scattering structure layer; The scattering structure layer is also used to rescatter the light reflected by the reflecting structure layer.

19. An LED light bead, wherein, The LED bead includes an LED structure, which includes a stacked light-emitting component and a scattering structure layer; the scattering structure layer is used to adjust the divergence angle of the first emitted light from the light-emitting component, so that the divergence angle of the first emitted light is changed from a first angle to a second angle; wherein the second angle is greater than the first angle.

20. A backlight source, wherein, The backlight includes multiple LED structures, each LED structure including a stacked light-emitting component and a scattering structure layer; the scattering structure layer is used to adjust the divergence angle of the first emitted light from the light-emitting component, so that the divergence angle of the first emitted light is changed from a first angle to a second angle; wherein the second angle is greater than the first angle.

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