Antenna, access network device, and communication system

Abstract

The present application provides an antenna, an access network device, and a communication system. The antenna comprises: a first substrate and a second substrate, wherein a first transmission line and a second transmission line are respectively laid on the surfaces of the first substrate and the second substrate, the first transmission line is used for being connected to a radio frequency unit, and the second transmission line is used for being connected to a radiation unit; and an insulating member, wherein the insulating member is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate, the insulating member comprises a first gap, the second transmission line comprises a planar portion and a bent portion, the bent portion is connected to the planar portion, the planar portion is located on the surface of the second substrate, and at least part of the bent portion passes through the first gap and is electrically connected to the first transmission line. The antenna, the access network device and the communication system provided in the embodiments of the present application can ensure the electrical connection reliability of antennas, and can also allow for easy assembly and disassembly of antenna structures.

Description

Antennas, access network equipment and communication systems

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411218237.7, filed on August 30, 2024, entitled "Antenna, Access Network Equipment and Communication System", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of communication technology, specifically to an antenna, access network equipment, and communication system. Background Technology

[0003] In recent years, mobile communication technology has made tremendous progress, and base station antennas, as an important component of mobile communication, have also evolved along with the development of communication technology. Base station antennas have evolved from the initial single-frequency and dual-frequency to multi-frequency and massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antennas. Base station antennas can integrate more and more arrays on the same frequency, and the number of radio frequency channels is also increasing, which puts increasingly higher demands on the manufacturability of the antennas.

[0004] Currently, most active antenna systems in 5G communication technology consist of antenna feed components and radio frequency modules. To ensure connection reliability, welding is typically used to electrically connect the antenna feed components and radio frequency modules, resulting in long manufacturing times, difficult maintenance and disassembly, and difficulty in meeting the needs of increasing antenna array size. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides an antenna, access network equipment, and communication system that can ensure the reliability of the antenna's electrical connection and make the antenna structure easy to assemble and disassemble.

[0006] In a first aspect, an antenna is provided, comprising: a first substrate, on the surface of which a first transmission line is disposed, the first transmission line being used to connect to a radio frequency unit; a second substrate, the second substrate being stacked with the first substrate, the surface of the second substrate being disposed of a second transmission line, the second transmission line being used to connect to a radiating unit; and an insulating member disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, the insulating member including a first gap penetrating two opposing surfaces of the insulating member, the second transmission line including a planar portion and a bent portion, the planar portion being located on the surface of the second substrate, the bent portion being connected to the planar portion, and at least a portion of the bent portion passing through the first gap and electrically connected to the first transmission line.

[0007] In the embodiments provided in this application, the first transmission line includes a bent portion, at least a portion of which passes through the first gap of the insulating member and is located on the insulating side near the first substrate, and is electrically connected to the second transmission line. The compression action of the insulating member enables the first transmission line and the second transmission line to be reliably electrically connected without the need for welding or other methods to electrically connect the first transmission line and the second transmission line, thereby making the antenna structure easy to assemble and disassemble.

[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the antenna further includes a connector disposed between the first member and the second substrate, the connector including a first through hole, and the insulating member being accommodated in the first through hole.

[0009] In the embodiments provided in this application, the insulating member is disposed in the first through hole of the connector. The mutual cooperation between the insulating member and the connector enables the insulating member to stably press the first transmission line and the second transmission line together, thereby making the first transmission line and the second transmission line stably electrically connected.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the bending portion includes a first bending portion and a second bending portion, the first bending portion being accommodated in the first gap, the second bending portion being disposed on the side of the insulating member near the first substrate and electrically connected to the first transmission line, and the planar portion, the first bending portion and the second bending portion being arranged in a Z-shaped structure.

[0011] In the embodiments provided in this application, the bending portion includes a first bending portion and a second bending portion. The planar portion, the first bending portion, and the second bending portion are arranged in a Z-shaped structure, which makes the antenna structure easier to assemble.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the second substrate includes a main body and an extension, the extension being disposed at one end of the main body, the planar portion being laid on the surface of the main body, the bent portion being laid on the surface of the extension, the extension being a flexible structure, and at least a portion of the extension passing through the first gap being disposed on the side of the insulating member close to the first substrate.

[0013] In the embodiments provided in this application, the second substrate includes a main body and an extension. The extension is a flexible structure, and at least a portion of the extension passes through the first gap and is disposed on the side of the insulating member close to the first substrate. That is, the second substrate can be bent together with the second transmission line, and the second substrate can provide support for the second transmission line, making it easier to bend the second transmission line.

[0014] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the material of the extension is polyimide or polyethylene terephthalate.

[0015] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the insulating member includes a first insulating portion and a second insulating portion, the first insulating portion and the second insulating portion being located on opposite sides of the first gap, and the first insulating portion and the second insulating portion being a separate structure.

[0016] In the embodiments provided in this application, the insulating component includes a first insulating part and a second insulating part, and the first insulating part and the second insulating part are separate structures, which makes the antenna structure easier to assemble.

[0017] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, at least a portion of the second transmission line is carried on the first insulating portion; the insulating member includes a first connecting portion disposed at one end of the second insulating portion near the second substrate, the first connecting portion being used to connect the second insulating portion to the connecting member.

[0018] In the embodiments provided in this application, when the first insulating part and the second insulating part are separate structures, the second transmission line is pressed onto the first insulating part, and the surface of the second insulating part is not covered. A first connecting part is provided at one end of the second insulating part near the second substrate to connect the second insulating part and the connector, which enables the second insulating part to be stably disposed in the first through hole and improves the electrical connection stability of the first transmission line and the second transmission line.

[0019] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the insulating member further includes a second connecting portion disposed at one end of the first insulating portion near the second substrate, the second connecting portion being used to connect the first insulating portion to the connecting member.

[0020] In the embodiments provided in this application, a second insulating portion is provided at one end of the first insulating portion near the second substrate, which enables the first insulating portion to be stably disposed in the first through hole, thereby further ensuring the stability of the antenna structure.

[0021] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the antenna further includes a first sidewall disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, at least a portion of the projection of the second transmission line along the first direction overlaps with the first sidewall, and a gap exists between the second transmission line and the first sidewall; at least a portion of the projection of the first transmission line along the first direction overlaps with the first sidewall, and a gap exists between the first transmission line and the first sidewall.

[0022] In the embodiments provided in this application, the antenna includes a first sidewall, at least a portion of the projection of the first transmission line along the first direction overlaps with the first sidewall, at least a portion of the projection of the second transmission line along the first direction overlaps with the first sidewall, and there is a gap between the first transmission line and the second transmission line and the first sidewall, so that the first sidewall can simultaneously serve as a reference ground for the first transmission line and the second transmission line, thereby making the antenna structure simpler.

[0023] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first sidewall includes a first portion and a second portion, the first portion being located on the side of the second portion away from the radiating element, and the end of the first portion near the first substrate being attached to the first substrate; at least a portion of the projection of the second transmission line along the first direction overlaps with the second portion, a gap exists between the second transmission line and the second portion in the first direction, and a gap exists between the second transmission line and the first portion in a second direction, the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction; at least a portion of the projection of the first transmission line along the first direction overlaps with the second portion, and a gap exists between the first transmission line and the second portion in the first direction, and a gap exists between the first transmission line and the first portion in the second direction.

[0024] In the embodiments provided in this application, the first sidewall includes a first part and a second part. The end of the first part near the second substrate is attached to the second substrate, so that the first sidewall can support the second substrate, thereby making the antenna structure more stable. There is a gap between the first transmission line and the second transmission line and the first part and the second part, so that the first sidewall can simultaneously serve as the reference ground of the first transmission line and the second transmission line, thereby making the antenna structure simpler.

[0025] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first transmission line is electrically coupled to the second transmission line, and the antenna further includes a thin film layer disposed on the side of the insulating member near the first substrate and between the first transmission line and the second transmission line.

[0026] In the embodiments provided in this application, a thin film layer is provided between the first transmission line and the second transmission line, and the first transmission line and the second transmission line are coupled and electrically connected, so that the antenna structure can be applied to the architecture of a passive intermodulation antenna.

[0027] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first transmission line is electrically connected to the second transmission line, a first region of the first transmission line includes a first gold plating layer, the first region being the electrically connected region of the first transmission line to the second transmission line; and / or, a second region of the second transmission line includes a second gold plating layer, the second region being the electrically connected region of the second transmission line to the first transmission line.

[0028] In the embodiments provided in this application, when the first transmission line and the second transmission line are directly in contact and electrically connected, the surfaces of the first transmission line and the second transmission line are respectively covered with a gold plating layer. The electrical connection is achieved through the gold plating layer, which can further improve the reliability of the electrical connection.

[0029] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the region on the first transmission line other than the first region includes a first anti-oxidation layer, the first region being the electrical connection region between the first transmission line and the second transmission line; and / or, the region on the second transmission line other than the second region includes a second anti-oxidation layer, the second region being the electrical connection region between the second transmission line and the first transmission line.

[0030] In the embodiments provided in this application, an anti-oxidation layer is provided on the surface of the first transmission line and the second transmission line, except for the electrical connection area, which can prevent the transmission line from oxidizing and extend its service life.

[0031] In a second aspect, an access network device is provided, including an antenna as described in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0032] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the access network device further includes a radio frequency remote unit or a baseband unit, and the antenna is connected to the radio frequency remote unit or the baseband unit.

[0033] Thirdly, a communication system is provided, comprising one or more access network devices as described in the second aspect or any possible implementation thereof. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of an antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figures 5 and 6 are partial top views of the antenna structure provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0039] Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of an insulating component provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 8 is a partial structural cross-sectional view of an antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 9 is a structural schematic diagram of an insulating component provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna sidewall provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solutions in this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0044] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" as described in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, phrases such as "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0045] In the various embodiments of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., are merely to indicate that multiple objects are different. For example, "first substrate" and "second substrate" are only to indicate different substrates. They should not have any effect on the substrates themselves or their number, and the aforementioned "first," "second," etc., should not impose any limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0046] The terms “including,” “comprising,” “having,” and variations thereof all mean “including but not limited to,” unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0047] The antenna in this application can be applied to communication systems including radio access networks (RAN) and core networks (CN) 200, for example, to access network equipment, sometimes also called access nodes. Access network equipment has wireless transceiver capabilities for communicating with terminals. Access network equipment includes, but is not limited to, base stations, evolved NodeBs (eNodeBs), transmission reception points (TRPs), next-generation NodeBs (gNBs) in 5G mobile communication systems, access network equipment or modules of access network equipment in Open RAN (ORAN) systems, base stations in future mobile communication systems, or access nodes in WiFi systems. Access network equipment can also be modules or units capable of implementing some of the functions of a base station. For example, access network equipment can be a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a CU-control plane (CP), a CU-user plane (UP), or a radio unit (RU), as described below. In the ORAN system, CU can also be called O-CU, DU can also be called open (O)-DU, CU-CP can also be called O-CU-CP, CU-UP can also be called O-CUP-UP, and RU can also be called O-RU. The access network equipment can be a macro base station, micro base station, indoor station, relay node, donor node, or a radio controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario. Optionally, the access network equipment can also be a server, wearable device, or vehicle-mounted equipment. For example, the access network equipment in vehicle-to-everything (V2X) technology can be a roadside unit (RSU). Multiple access network equipment in the communication system can be base stations of the same type or different types. Base stations can communicate with terminals directly or via relay stations. Terminals can communicate with multiple base stations using different access technologies.

[0048] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna system architecture provided in an embodiment of this application. The antenna system may include components such as an antenna 101, a feed line 103, a mast 104, a remote radio unit (RRU) 102, and a grounding device 105. The antenna 101 can be fixed to the mast 104 via an adjustable bracket or the like, and can be connected to the RRU 102 via the feed line 103 for signal transmission between them. The antenna 101 can also be connected to the grounding device 105.

[0049] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the antenna 101. The antenna 101 may include a radiating element, a feeding network, a transmission mechanism, a calibration network, and a radome. These components can be housed inside the radome, which can be the outer shell of the antenna 101 in Figure 1. The radome protects the antenna system from external environmental influences and also possesses good electromagnetic wave penetration characteristics. The radome is typically cylindrical or cuboid in shape. An antenna with a cylindrical radome can be called a columnar antenna, and an antenna with a cuboid radome can be called a plate antenna. The radome can also be integrated with other structures in the base station, forming a unified structure. This application does not limit the structural components that can be integrated into the radome.

[0050] A radiating element is the basic structural unit of an antenna, used to radiate or receive radio waves. A radiating element can also be called an antenna element or a vibrator. An antenna system can include one or more radiating elements, and the frequencies of different radiating elements can be the same or different.

[0051] A feed network is used to feed signals to the radiating element according to a preset amplitude and phase, or to send received signals to the signal processing unit of the base station according to a preset amplitude and phase. The feed network can be connected to a transmission mechanism to achieve different radiation beam directions. It can also be connected to a calibration network to obtain the calibration signals required by the system, enabling the feed network to feed signals to the radiating element or the base station's signal processing unit according to a preset amplitude and phase. The feed network is typically composed of impedance transmission lines, which can be striplines, microstrip lines, coaxial lines, etc. The feed network may also include phase shifters to adjust the radiation direction of the antenna signal. In some cases, the feed network may also include combiners and filters.

[0052] The antenna may also include a reflector, which can also be called a base plate, antenna panel, or metal reflective surface, etc., which can improve the receiving sensitivity of the antenna signal, reflect and concentrate the antenna signal at the receiving point, and block or shield the interference of other radio waves from the opposite direction on the received signal. The reflector can also be set in the radome, with the radiating element placed on one side of the reflector, and the transmission mechanism, calibration network, and feed network located on the other side of the reflector.

[0053] The antenna system may also include components such as a feed line, a remote radio unit (RRU), and a grounding device (not shown in Figure 1). The antenna 101 can be connected to the RRU via the feed line for signal transmission. The antenna 101 can also be connected to the grounding device.

[0054] Furthermore, antenna 101 can also be co-located with the radio frequency remote unit. For example, antenna 101 and the radio frequency remote unit can be part of an active antenna unit (AAU). Alternatively, antenna 101 can be part of a radio unit (RU), and this application is not limiting.

[0055] The antenna can also be an antenna in a passive antenna system. In this example, the antenna can also be connected to a baseband unit (BBU). The connection between the antenna and the BBU can be direct or indirect. For example, the antenna can be connected to an RRU, which in turn is connected to the BBU.

[0056] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application, and Figure 4 is an exploded view of the antenna shown in Figure 3. As shown in Figure 3 or Figure 4, the antenna may include a first substrate 210, a second substrate 220, and a connector 230. The first substrate 210 and the second substrate 220 may be stacked, and there may be a gap between the first substrate 210 and the second substrate 220. The connector 230 may be disposed between the first substrate 210 and the second substrate 220, and the connector 230 may be supported on the first substrate 210. The connector 230 may include a first through hole 231. An insulating member 240 may be disposed in the connector 230, and the insulating member 240 may be accommodated in the first through hole 231. That is, the connector 230 can be used to install the insulating member 240, and by disposing of the insulating member 240 in the connector 230, the friction between the insulating member 240 and the connector 230 can make the structure of the insulating member 240 more stable.

[0057] The insulating member 240 may include a first gap 241 that penetrates two opposing surfaces of the insulating member 240. Exemplarily, the insulating member 240 may include a first surface and a second surface, the first surface and the second surface being opposite to each other. The first surface may be the surface of the insulating member 240 near the first substrate 210, and the second surface may be the surface of the insulating member 240 near the second substrate 220. The first gap 241 may extend from the first surface to the second surface, penetrating both surfaces. The extension direction of the first gap 241 may be the z-axis direction as shown in the figure, penetrating the insulating member 240 along the z-axis direction. Alternatively, the extension direction of the first gap 241 may also have an angle with the z-axis direction; this application does not limit this.

[0058] A first transmission line 211 can be laid on the side of the first substrate 210 near the second substrate 220. At least a portion of the projection of the connector 230 along the first direction can overlap with the first transmission line 211. The end of the first transmission line 211 away from the connector 230 can be connected to a radio frequency unit (not shown in the figure), which can be disposed on the first substrate 210. When the material of the connector 230 is metal and its projection along the first direction overlaps with the first transmission line 211, an opening can be provided at the position of the connector 230 corresponding to the first transmission line 211 to prevent the first transmission line 211 from contacting the connector 230 and causing a short circuit in the first transmission line 211.

[0059] Exemplarily, the first substrate 210 can be a printed circuit board (PCB), and the first substrate 210 can be a rigid substrate. The first transmission line 211 is laid on the first substrate 210, and together with the first substrate 210, they can form a microstrip line structure. The first substrate 210 can also serve as a reflector for the antenna. For example, the first substrate 210 can be a multilayer structure, which may include a metal layer, and the metal layer can serve as a reflector for the antenna. When the first substrate 210 includes a metal layer, the metal layer and the first transmission line 211 can be spaced apart. When the first substrate 210 includes a metal layer, the connector 230 and the metal layer can be an integral structure. The integral structure of the connector 230 and the metal layer simplifies the fabrication process of the antenna.

[0060] A second transmission line 221 may be laid on the side of the second substrate 220 near the first substrate 210. The second transmission line 221 is used to connect to the radiation unit 260. The second transmission line 221 and the radiation unit 260 may be an integral structure, or they may be two interconnected parts. The second transmission line 221 may include a bend 2212, at least a portion of which may pass through the first gap 241 and be disposed on the side of the insulating member 240 near the first substrate 210.

[0061] Specifically, Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second substrate 220 and the second transmission line 221. In Figure 5(a), the second transmission line 221 is a schematic diagram of the structure before bending, and Figure 5(b) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second transmission line 221 after bending. The second transmission line 221 may include a planar portion 2211, a first bending portion 2212A and a second bending portion 2212B. The first bending portion 2212A and the second bending portion 2212B can jointly constitute the bending portion 2212. The first bending portion 2212A can be located between the planar portion 2211 and the second bending portion 2212B. The first bent portion 2212A and the flat portion 2211 can be set at an angle, and the second bent portion 2212B and the first bent portion 2212A can be set at an angle. For example, the angle between the first bent portion 2212A and the flat portion 2211 can be 90°, and the angle between the first bent portion 2212A and the second bent portion 2212B can also be 90°. The second bent portion 2212B can be parallel to the flat portion 2211. The flat portion 2211, the first bent portion 2212A and the second bent portion 2212B as a whole can form a "Z" shaped structure.

[0062] It should be noted that the included angle between the first bent portion 2212A and the flat portion 2211 does not necessarily have to be 90°. The included angle between the first bent portion 2212A and the flat portion 2211 can be an acute angle or an obtuse angle. This application does not limit the size of the included angle between the first bent portion 2212A and the flat portion 2211. Similarly, the included angle between the first bent portion 2212A and the second bent portion 2212B can also be an acute angle or an obtuse angle.

[0063] The second bend 2212B of the second transmission line 221 can pass through the first gap 241 and is disposed on the side of the insulating member 240 near the first substrate 210. The first bend 2212A can be accommodated in the first gap 241. The dimension of the first gap 241 along the x-axis direction shown in the figure can be greater than or equal to the dimension of the second transmission line 221 along the x-axis direction, and the dimension of the first gap 241 along the y-axis direction can be greater than or equal to the dimension of the second transmission line 221 along the y-axis direction, so that the second bend 2212B can pass through the first gap 241 and the first bend 2212A can be accommodated in the first gap 241. The second bend 2212B can be electrically connected to the first transmission line 211, that is, it can be electrically connected to the end of the first transmission line 211 near the connector 230, while the end of the first transmission line 211 away from the connector 230 is electrically connected to the radio frequency unit, and the flat part 2211 of the second transmission line 221 is electrically connected to the radiating unit, thereby realizing the electrical connection between the radiating unit and the radio frequency unit, so that the antenna can work normally.

[0064] It should be noted that the first transmission line 211 can also be laid on the side of the first substrate 210 away from the second substrate 220. In this example, the first substrate 210 may have an opening, through which the second transmission line 221 can pass and connect to the first transmission line 211. Similarly, the second transmission line 221 can also be laid on the side of the second substrate 220 away from the first substrate 210.

[0065] In the example shown in Figure 5, the flat portion 2211 can be laid on the surface of the second substrate 220, while the first bent portion 2212A and the second bent portion 2212B can be left unlaid on the surface of the second substrate 220. The first bent portion 2212A and the second bent portion 2212B can be directly bent so that the first bent portion 2212A is accommodated in the first gap 241, and the second bent portion 2212B passes through the first gap 241 and is disposed on the side of the insulating member 240 near the first substrate 210.

[0066] The second substrate 220 can also be bent together with the second transmission line 221. Referring to Figure 6, another structure of the second substrate 220 and the second transmission line 221 is shown. Figure 6(a) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second substrate 220 and the second transmission line 221 before bending, and Figure 6(b) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second substrate 220 and the second transmission line 221 after bending. The second substrate 220 may include a main body portion 220A and an extension portion 220B. At least a portion of the extension portion 220B can pass through the first gap 241 and be disposed on the side of the insulating member 240 near the first substrate 210. Specifically, the second substrate 220 may include a main body portion 220A, a first extension portion 220B-1, and a second extension portion 220B-2. The first extension portion 220B-1 can be disposed between the second extension portion 220B-2 and the main body portion 220A. The first extension portion 220B-1 and the second extension portion 220B-2 can together constitute the extension portion 220B of the second substrate 220. The flat portion 2211 can be laid on the surface of the main body portion 220A, the first bent portion 2212A can be laid on the surface of the first extension portion 220B-1, and the first extension portion 220B-1 and the first bent portion 2212A can be disposed together in the first gap 241. The second bent portion 2212B can be laid on the surface of the second extension portion 220B-2, and the second extension portion 220B-2 and the second bent portion 2212B can pass through the first gap 241 together and be disposed on the side of the insulating member 240 near the first substrate 210. The line width of the first bent portion 2212A can be less than or equal to the width of the first extension portion 220B-1, and the line width of the second bent portion 2212B can be less than or equal to the width of the second extension portion 220B-2. The widths of the first bend 2212A, the second bend 2212B, the first extension 220B-1, and the second extension 220B-2 can be their dimensions in the x-axis direction shown in the figure.

[0067] The first bending portion 2212A is laid on the surface of the first extension portion 220B-1, and the second bending portion 2212B is laid on the surface of the second extension portion 220B-2. The first extension portion 220B-1 and the second extension portion 220B-2 are bent together with the first bending portion 2212A and the second bending portion 2212B, which can improve the manufacturability of the antenna.

[0068] Similar to the structure of the second transmission line 221, the angle between the first extension 220B-1 and the main body 220A can be 90°, and the angle between the second extension 220B-2 and the first extension 220B-1 can also be 90°. Alternatively, the angle between the first extension 220B-1 and the main body 220A can be acute or obtuse, and the angle between the second extension 220B-2 and the first extension 220B-1 can also be acute or obtuse.

[0069] When the second substrate 220 includes an extension 220B, and the extension 220B is bent together with the second transmission line 221, the extension 220B can be a flexible structure that is easy to bend. The extension 220B can be ductile, and is not prone to cracking or breakage after repeated bending. The extension 220B can also have adhesion to the transmission line, and the transmission line is not prone to falling off after repeated bending.

[0070] For example, the material of the extension 220B may be polyimide (PI) or polyethylene terephthalate (PET).

[0071] It should be understood that the material of the extension 220B can also be other flexible substrates, and this application does not limit this.

[0072] The extension 220B and the main body 220A of the second substrate 220 can be two interconnected parts or an integral structure. When the extension 220B and the main body 220A are an integral structure, the material of the main body 220A is the same as the material of the extension 220B. When the extension 220B and the main body 220A are two interconnected parts, the material of the main body 220A and the material of the extension 220B can be the same or different.

[0073] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of an insulating member 240 provided in an embodiment of this application. The insulating member 240 can be disposed in the connector 230 described in Figures 3 and 4. The planar portion 2211 of the second transmission line 221 can be located at one end of the insulating member 240 near the second substrate 220, and at least a portion of the bent portion 2212 can be located at one end of the insulating member 240 near the first substrate 210. As shown in Figure 7, the first gap 241 can divide the insulating member 240 into a first insulating portion 242 and a second insulating portion 243. The first insulating portion 242 and the second insulating portion 243 are respectively located on both sides of the first gap 241. The first insulating portion 242 and the second insulating portion 243 can be a separate structure. That is, the first insulating portion 242 and the second insulating portion 243 can be arranged at intervals to form the first gap 241.

[0074] The side of the first insulating portion 242 near the second insulating portion 243 can be perpendicular to the first substrate 210, or the angle between the side of the first insulating portion 242 near the second insulating portion 243 and the first substrate 210 can be an acute angle or an obtuse angle. Correspondingly, the shape of the second insulating portion 243 can be adapted to the shape of the first insulating portion 242. When the side of the first insulating portion 242 near the second insulating portion 243 is perpendicular to the first substrate 210, the side of the second insulating portion 243 near the first insulating portion 242 can also be perpendicular to the first substrate 210. When the angle between the side of the first insulating portion 242 near the second insulating portion 243 and the first substrate 210 is an acute angle, the angle between the side of the second insulating portion 243 near the first insulating portion 242 and the first substrate 210 can be an obtuse angle, and the sum of the two can be 180°. When the angle between the side of the first insulating portion 242 near the second insulating portion 243 and the first substrate 210 is an obtuse angle, the angle between the side of the second insulating portion 243 near the first insulating portion 242 and the first substrate 210 can be an acute angle, and the sum of the two can be 180°. Furthermore, the inclination angle of the side of the first insulating portion 242 near the second insulating portion 243 can be consistent with the included angle between the flat portion 2211 and the first bent portion 2212A, so that the first bent portion 2212A can be accommodated in the first gap 241.

[0075] In the example shown in Figure 7, when assembling the antenna, the second substrate 220 and the second transmission line 221 can be supported on the first insulating part 242, and the second insulating part 243 can be used to press down the second transmission line 221 along the z-axis direction, so that the second transmission line 221 forms the first bending part 2212A and the second bending part 2212B mentioned above. The first bending part 2212A is accommodated in the first gap, and the second bending part 2212B is located on the side of the insulating member 240 near the first substrate 210 and is electrically connected to the first transmission line 211, as shown in the partial cross-sectional structure diagram in Figure 8, which is the cross-sectional structure along position AA in Figure 3. When the second substrate 220 includes an extension 220B, and the first bend 2212A and the second bend 2212B of the second transmission line 221 are also laid on the surface of the second transmission line 221, the second substrate 220 can also be pressed down together with the second transmission line 221, so that the second substrate 220 forms a first extension 220B-1 and a second extension 220B-2. Accordingly, the first extension 220B-1 and the first bend 2212A are together accommodated in the first gap, and the second extension 220B-2 and the second bend 2212B are together located on the side of the insulating member close to the first substrate 210.

[0076] It should be noted that the second transmission line 221 is bent twice to form a "Z" shaped structure. The projections of the planar portion 2211 and the second bent portion 2212B along the first direction overlap with the first insulating portion 242 and the second insulating portion 243 of the insulating member 240, respectively. After the second transmission line 221 is bent twice, the projection of the second bent portion 2212B along the first direction can also overlap with the first insulating portion 242, so that the second transmission line 221 has an approximately "I" shaped structure.

[0077] When the first insulating part 242 and the second insulating part 243 are separate structures, the second transmission line 221 is supported on the first insulating part 242, while the end of the second insulating part 243 near the second substrate 220 is not subjected to the compression effect of the second transmission line 221. To prevent the second insulating part 243 from detaching from the first through hole 231 and affecting the reliability of the electrical connection between the first transmission line 211 and the second transmission line 221, a first connecting part (not shown in the figure) can be provided at the end of the second insulating part 243 near the second substrate 220. The first connecting part can be used to connect the second insulating part 243 to the connector 230. The first connecting part can also be used to prevent the insulating member 240 from rotating in the first through hole and affecting the reliability of the electrical connection. The structure of the first connecting part can be similar to the structure of the second connecting part 244, which can be referred to in the description below. The connection method between the first connecting part and the connector 230 is similar to the example described in FIG. 7, and will not be repeated here.

[0078] To further improve the stability of the antenna structure, a second connecting portion can be provided at one end of the first insulating portion 242 near the second substrate 220. This second connecting portion can be used to connect the first insulating portion 242 to the connector 230. For example, as shown in FIG7, a boss can be provided on the side of the second connecting portion near the connector 230. Correspondingly, a groove (not shown in the figure) can be provided on the surface of the connector 230. The boss portion of the second connecting portion can be accommodated in the groove, and the second connecting portion and the connector 230 can be connected by the interlocking action of the boss and the groove. Alternatively, the surface of the second connecting portion may not include the boss portion shown in the figure, but may include a through hole. Correspondingly, the surface of the connector 230 may also include an opening, and the second connecting portion and the connector 230 can also be connected by screwing.

[0079] When the first insulating part 242 and the second insulating part 243 are separate structures, a connecting part can also be provided at the end of the first insulating part 242 near the first substrate 210. This connecting part can also be called the second connecting part. The projection positions of the second connecting parts 244 provided at both the upper and lower ends of the first insulating part 242 in the z-axis direction can be the same or different. Providing second connecting parts 244 at both the upper and lower ends of the first insulating part 242 can make the structure of the insulating member 240 more stable, less prone to rotation, and less prone to detachment from the first through hole 231.

[0080] The material of the first connecting part can be either metallic or non-metallic. When the material of the first connecting part is metallic, it can be spaced apart from the second transmission line 221 when connected to the connector 230, or in other words, the first connecting part and the second transmission line 221 do not contact each other to prevent short circuits in the second transmission line 221. The first connecting part and the insulating member 240 can also be an integral structure. In this example, the material of the first connecting part can also be an insulating material. The material of the second connecting part is similar to that of the first connecting part.

[0081] It should be noted that the end of the second insulating portion 243 near the first substrate 210 may not have the first connecting portion, to facilitate the assembly and disassembly of the second insulating portion 243. Alternatively, the end of the second insulating portion 243 near the first substrate 210 may also have the first connecting portion. The antenna may also not include the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion 244. The first insulating portion 242 and the second insulating portion 243, as well as the insulating member 240 and the connecting member 230, can be connected to each other by friction, making it less prone to rotation or detachment, thereby improving the stability of the electrical connection between the first transmission line 211 and the second transmission line 221.

[0082] In the structure depicted in Figure 7, the first insulating portion 242 and the second insulating portion 243 of the insulating member 240 are separate structures. Alternatively, the first insulating portion 242 and the second insulating portion 243 can be an integral structure, as shown in Figure 9. The first gap 241 can be located in the middle of the insulating member 240. The first gap 241 can extend along a first direction and penetrate the insulating member 240 along that first direction. Alternatively, the extension direction of the first gap 241 can have an angle with the z-axis; for example, the angle between the extension direction of the first gap 241 and the y-axis can be acute or obtuse. The extension direction of the first gap 241 can be consistent with the bending angle of the second transmission line 221, that is, it can be consistent with the angle between the planar portion 2211 and the first bent portion 2212A, so that the first bent portion 2212A can be accommodated in the first gap 241.

[0083] The first insulating portion 242 can be the part of the insulating member 240 near the second substrate 220, and the part of the second substrate 220 can be supported on the first insulating portion 242. The height of the first insulating portion 242 can be the same as the height of the second insulating portion 243, and the heights of the first insulating portion 242 and the second insulating portion 243 are the dimensions of the first insulating portion 242 and the second insulating portion 243 along the z-axis. The heights of the first insulating portion 242 and the second insulating portion 243 can also be different. For example, the height of the second insulating portion 243 can be greater than the height of the first insulating portion 242. The side of the first insulating portion 242 near the second substrate 220 can be in contact with the second substrate 220, and the side of the second insulating portion 243 near the second substrate 220 can be flush with the side of the second substrate 220 away from the first substrate 210, making the overall structure of the antenna more regular. The side of the second insulating portion 243 that is close to the second substrate 220 may not be flush with the side of the second substrate 220 that is far from the first substrate 210. Alternatively, the height of the second insulating portion 243 may be less than the height of the first insulating portion 242. This application does not limit the height relationship between the first insulating portion 242 and the second insulating portion 243.

[0084] The outer diameter of the insulating member 240 can be the same as the inner diameter of the connector 230. For example, the cross-sectional shape of the first through hole 231 of the connector 230 along the xy plane can be circular. Correspondingly, the insulating member 240 can be a cylindrical structure, and its diameter can be the same as the inner diameter of the connector 230. The cylindrical shape of the first through hole 231 and the cylindrical shape of the insulating member 240 facilitate the manufacture of the antenna. The connector 230 can also be a prismatic connector 230. For example, the cross-sectional shape of the connector 230 along the xy plane can be rectangular. Correspondingly, the insulating member 240 can also be a prismatic structure. The dimension of the insulating member 240 along the x-axis can be the same as the dimension of the inner edge of the connector 230 along the x-axis, and the dimension of the insulating member 240 along the y-axis can be the same as the dimension of the inner edge of the connector 230 along the y-axis. The dimension of the insulating member 240 in the z-axis direction can be larger than the dimension of the connector 230 in the z-axis direction, so as to facilitate the assembly of the insulating member 240. That is, the dimensions of the first part and the second part of the insulating member 240 in the z-axis direction can both be larger than the dimension of the connector 230 in the z-axis direction.

[0085] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the same size of the two structural components can mean that their sizes are approximately the same, allowing for errors in manufacturing processes. For example, the outer diameter of the insulating component 240 can be slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the connecting component 230, such as a difference of 0.05 mm. Furthermore, the first through hole 231 and the insulating component 240 can also be of other shapes. For example, the cross-sections of the first through hole 231 and the insulating component 240 along the xy plane can be elliptical, polygonal, or irregularly shaped. This application does not limit these aspects, only requiring that the shape of the insulating component 240 is compatible with that of the first through hole 231, and that the insulating component 240 can be accommodated within the first through hole 231 and is not easily detached from it.

[0086] When assembling the antenna, the second transmission line 221 can be bent downwards, using the edge of the second substrate 220 as a boundary. Then, the bent portion of the second transmission line 221 is passed through the first gap 241, making the second transmission line 221 fit against the side of the insulating member 240 near the first substrate 210. The portion of the bent portion exposed on the insulating member 240 is then bent again, forming a first bent portion 2212A and a second bent portion 2212B. The second bent portion 2212B can fit against the side of the insulating member 240 near the first substrate 210. Further, the second transmission line 221 and the insulating member 240 are assembled into the first through-hole 231. Under the pressure of the insulating member 240, the first transmission line 211 can contact the second transmission line 221, improving the reliability of the electrical connection between the first transmission line 211 and the second transmission line 221. The structure of the assembled second transmission line 221 and the insulating member 240 can be similar to the structure described in FIG8. When the insulating member 240 is disposed in the connector 230, under the action of friction between the insulating member 240 and the connector 230, the insulating member 240 can be stably disposed in the connector 230, thereby improving the stability of the electrical connection between the first transmission line 211 and the second transmission line 221.

[0087] When the first insulating portion 242 and the second insulating portion 243 are an integral structure, the insulating member 240 may also include a first connecting portion (not shown in the figure). The first connecting portion may be disposed at one end of the insulating member 240 near the second substrate, and the insulating member 240 is connected to the connector 230 through the first connecting portion. The first connecting portion may be disposed at one end of the second insulating portion 243 near the second substrate 220, and the structure of the first connecting portion may be similar to the structure of the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion described in FIG7. Specifically, the first connecting portion may include a boss portion, and correspondingly, a groove may be provided on the connector 230. When the insulating member 240 is accommodated in the first through hole, the boss portion may be accommodated in the groove so that the insulating member 240 and the connector 230 are engaged. Alternatively, the insulating member 240 and the connector 230 may also be connected by screwing to prevent the insulating member 240 from rotating or detaching, thereby improving the electrical connection reliability of the first transmission line 211 and the second transmission line 221. The first connecting part can also be fixedly connected to the connector 230 by means of adhesive bonding or other methods. This application does not limit this.

[0088] Similar to the structure described in FIG7, when the first insulating part 242 and the second insulating part 243 are integral structures, a second connecting part (not shown in FIG9) can also be provided at one end of the second insulating part 243 near the second substrate 220 for connecting the insulating member 240 and the connecting member 230. The structure of the second connecting part is similar to the structure of the first connecting part described above, and will not be described again here.

[0089] In the embodiments provided in this application, the first transmission line 211 and the second transmission line 221 are stably electrically connected through the compression of the insulating component 240, eliminating the need for additional electrical connection structures. This simplifies the antenna structure and reduces manufacturing costs. Furthermore, the antenna structure does not require welding connections, making it easy to assemble and disassemble.

[0090] In some embodiments, the antenna may not include the aforementioned connector 230 (not shown in the figures). In the example, the structure of the insulating member 240 may be similar to that described in FIG. 7 or FIG. 9. The insulating member 240 may include a first connecting portion and / or a second connecting portion, which can be used to connect the insulating member 240 to the first substrate 210 and / or the second substrate 220. For example, the first connecting portion and / or the second connecting portion may include a screw hole, and the first connecting portion and / or the second connecting portion is connected to the first substrate 210 and / or the second substrate 220 by screwing. As another example, the first connecting portion and / or the second connecting portion may include a protrusion, and the first connecting portion and / or the second connecting portion can be connected to the first substrate 210 and / or the second substrate 220 by a snap-fit ​​action, so that after the antenna structure is installed, under the compression action of the insulating member 240, the second transmission line 220 can be stably electrically connected to the first transmission line 210. When disassembling the antenna structure, the first transmission line 211 and the second transmission line 221 can be separated by releasing the screwing or fastening action between the insulating member 240 and the first substrate 210 and / or the second substrate 220.

[0091] Referring again to the structure shown in Figure 3 or Figure 4, in some embodiments, the antenna may further include a first sidewall 250. At least a portion of the projection of the second transmission line 221 along the first direction may be located within the area of ​​the first sidewall 250, and a gap may exist between the second transmission line 221 and the first sidewall 250. For example, as shown in the partially enlarged structural view of the first sidewall 250 in Figure 10, the first sidewall 250 may include a first portion 251 and a second portion 252. The first portion 251 may be disposed outside the second portion 252, or in other words, the first portion 251 may be disposed on the side of the second portion 252 away from the radiating element. At least a portion of the projection of the second transmission line 221 along the first direction may be located within the area of ​​the second portion 252, and the projection of the second transmission line 221 along the first direction may not overlap with the first portion 251. One end of the first portion 251 near the second substrate 220 may be attached to the second substrate 220, allowing the second substrate 220 to be supported on the first portion 251, thus making the antenna structure more stable. There may be a gap between the second transmission line 221 and the second portion 252 in the first direction, and there may also be a gap between the second transmission line 221 and the first portion 251 in the second direction. The second direction may be perpendicular to the first direction, and may be the x-axis direction shown in the figure, or it may be other directions on the xy plane. That is to say, the second transmission line 221 and the first sidewall 250 may not be in contact with each other, so that the first sidewall 250 can be used as a reference ground for the second transmission line 221.

[0092] In this example, the dimension of the first portion 251 in the z-axis direction can be the same as the dimension of the first insulating portion 242 of the insulating member 240 in the z-axis direction. The end of the first portion 251 near the second substrate 220 can be attached to the first substrate 210, and the end of the first portion 251 near the first substrate 210 can be attached to the first substrate 210. Alternatively, the dimension of the first portion 251 in the z-axis direction can be smaller than the dimension of the first insulating portion in the z-axis direction. The end of the first portion 251 near the second substrate 220 can be attached to the first substrate 210, while the end of the first portion 251 near the first substrate 210 may not be attached to the first substrate 210. This application does not limit this.

[0093] In some embodiments, the end of the first portion 251 near the second substrate 220 may include one or more screw holes. Correspondingly, the second substrate 220 may also include one or more screw holes. The second substrate 220 and the first sidewall 250 can be fixedly connected by screwing to improve the stability of the antenna structure and to ensure that the second substrate 220 is stably pressed onto the insulating member, thereby improving the reliability of the electrical connection between the first transmission line 211 and the second transmission line 221. When the screwing structure between the first portion 251 and the second substrate 220 includes a metal portion, the screwing position can be set in the gap of the transmission lines to reduce the impact on the radio frequency signal.

[0094] At least a portion of the projection of the first transmission line 211 along the first direction can also be located within the region of the first sidewall 250, and there can also be a gap between the first transmission line 211 and the first sidewall 250. The first sidewall 250 can also serve as a reference ground for both the second transmission line 221 and the first transmission line 211, making the grounds of the first transmission line 211 and the second transmission line 221 continuous, thus simplifying the antenna structure. In other words, the second portion 252 of the first sidewall 250 can be suspended between the first substrate 210 and the second substrate 220.

[0095] For example, the first sidewall 250 and the connector 230 can be an integral structure, or the first part 251 and / or the second part 252 can be fixedly connected to the connector 230, so that the second part 252 can be suspended between the first substrate 210 and the second substrate 220, and the first part 251 can support the second substrate 220.

[0096] The antenna shown in the figure has a cuboid structure and two connectors 230, symmetrically arranged at the ends of the antenna. The number of connectors 230 can also be one, for example, only one of the two connectors 230 shown in the figure. The number of connectors 230 can also be more, such as three or four. A connector 230 can also be provided at the other end of the antenna along the y-axis to achieve an electrical connection between the transmission lines on the first substrate 210 and the transmission lines on the second substrate 220. The connector 230 can also be located in the middle of the antenna, for example, in the middle of the antenna along the x-axis or the middle of the antenna. This application does not limit the number or location of the connectors 230.

[0097] The material of the first sidewall 250 can be metal, such as Al. The material of the connector 230 can also be metal, such as Al. When the first sidewall 250 and the connector 230 are an integral structure, the materials of the first sidewall 250 and the connector 230 can be the same. When the first sidewall 250 and the connector 230 are two separate or fixedly connected parts, the materials of the first sidewall 250 and the connector 230 can be the same or different. When the first sidewall 250 and the connector 230 are an integral structure, the first sidewall 250, the connector 230, and the metal layer in the first substrate 210 can be integrally formed to form an integral structure.

[0098] In the embodiments provided in this application, the antenna includes a first sidewall 250, which can simultaneously serve as a reference ground for the first transmission line 211 and the second transmission line 221, making the antenna structure simpler. Furthermore, the first sidewall can support the second substrate, making the antenna structure more stable.

[0099] When the antenna includes a first sidewall 250, the first connecting portion and / or the second connecting portion of the aforementioned insulating member 240 can also be connected to the first sidewall 250. For example, a through hole can be provided at one end of the first sidewall 250 near the second substrate 220 so that the first connecting portion and / or the second connecting portion can be fixedly connected to the first sidewall 250 by screwing. Alternatively, a groove can be provided on the first sidewall 250, and the protrusion of the first connecting portion and / or the second connecting portion can be accommodated in the groove so that the first connecting portion and / or the second connecting portion can be connected to the first sidewall 250 by snap-fitting.

[0100] In some embodiments, the antenna may further include a second sidewall (not shown in the figure), which may be disposed at the end of the first sidewall 250 along the y-axis direction, that is, at the short side of the square antenna shown. When a connector 230 is provided at the end of the first sidewall 250 along the y-axis direction, the second sidewall may be disposed outside the connector 230, or the connector 230 may be located inside the frame structure formed by the first sidewall 250 and the second sidewall. The second sidewall may be connected to the connector 230, and the second sidewall may also be connected to the first sidewall 250. When no connector is provided at the end of the first sidewall 250 along the y-axis direction, the end of the first sidewall 250 along the y-axis direction may be connected to the second sidewall.

[0101] In this example, a substrate and transmission lines may also be disposed on the second sidewall. For example, at least a portion of the second substrate may extend to the second sidewall. The second transmission line 221 may include a branch line. The projection of the branch line 221 along the z-axis direction may be located in the region where the second sidewall is located, and there may be a gap between the branch line and the second sidewall. The second sidewall may serve as a reference ground for the branch line (not shown in the figure).

[0102] When the antenna includes a second sidewall, the first connecting portion and / or the second connecting portion of the aforementioned insulating member may also be connected to the second sidewall.

[0103] In some embodiments, a thin film layer may be included between the first transmission line 211 and the second transmission line 221. That is, the electrical connection between the first transmission line 211 and the second transmission line 221 can also be an indirect electrical connection, achieved through capacitive coupling. The material of the thin film layer can be an insulating material, such as polyimide (PI). The first transmission line 211 may include a first region, which is the region of the first transmission line 211 that is electrically connected to the second transmission line 221. This electrically connected region can be understood as the contact area between the first transmission line 211 and the second transmission line 221 when they are in direct contact. The second transmission line 221 may include a second region, which is the region of the second transmission line 221 that is electrically connected to the first transmission line 211, that is, the region of the second transmission line 221 that is in direct contact with the first transmission line 211 when they are in direct contact. The projection of the first region and the second region along the first direction can fall within the region where the thin film layer is located, thereby enabling the thin film layer to separate the first transmission line 211 and the second transmission line 221 and achieve a coupled electrical connection.

[0104] In this indirect electrical connection structure, under the pressing action of the insulating element 240, the insulating element 240, the second transmission line 221, the thin film layer and the first transmission line 211 can be tightly bonded to each other to achieve a reliable electrical connection.

[0105] It should be noted that in the antenna structure described above, the first transmission line 211 is connected to the radio frequency unit and the second transmission line 221 is connected to the radiating unit 260. Alternatively, the first transmission line 211 can be connected to the radiating unit 260 and the second transmission line 221 can be connected to the radio frequency unit.

[0106] In some embodiments, the first transmission line 211 and the second transmission line 221 can also be directly electrically connected. The first transmission line 211 and the second transmission line 221 can be directly bonded to each other under the compression of the insulating member 240 to achieve electrical connection.

[0107] The structure in which the first transmission line 211 and the second transmission line 221 are directly electrically connected can be applied to passive intermodulation antennas, while the structure in which the first transmission line 211 and the second transmission line 221 are coupled electrically connected can be applied to active intermodulation antennas. Different electrical connection methods can be selected according to different application scenarios.

[0108] In some embodiments, when the first transmission line 211 and the second transmission line 221 are directly electrically connected, a first region of the first transmission line 211 may be provided with a gold-plated layer. Under the pressing action of the insulating member 240, the first transmission line 211 contacts the second transmission line 221 through the gold-plated layer on its surface, thereby electrically connecting the first transmission line 211 and the second transmission line 221. Alternatively, a second region of the second transmission line 221 may be provided with a gold-plated layer. Under the pressing action of the insulating member 240, the second transmission line 221 contacts the first transmission line 211 through the gold-plated layer on its surface, thereby electrically connecting the first transmission line 211 and the second transmission line 221. Alternatively, both the first region of the first transmission line 211 and the second region of the second transmission line 221 may be provided with gold-plated layers. Under the pressing action of the insulating member 240, the gold-plated layers of the first region and the gold-plated layers of the second region contact each other, thereby electrically connecting the first transmission line 211 and the second transmission line 221. The gold plating layer on the surface of the first transmission line can also be referred to as the first gold plating layer, and the gold plating layer on the surface of the second transmission line can also be referred to as the second gold plating layer.

[0109] In some embodiments, a first anti-oxidation layer may be provided on the area of ​​the first transmission line 211 other than the first region, and / or a second anti-oxidation layer may be provided on the area of ​​the second transmission line 221 other than the second region. The first and second anti-oxidation layers can isolate the first and second transmission lines 211 and 221 from oxygen and moisture, preventing oxidation. The material of the anti-oxidation layer may be, for example, ceramics, polymers, etc.

[0110] This application also provides an access network device, which may include any of the antenna structures described in Figures 3 to 10. The antenna can be applied to an active antenna system or a passive antenna system.

[0111] This application also provides a communication system, which may include one or more of the above-described access network devices, and the multiple access network devices may be used to receive or transmit signals.

[0112] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that, include: A first substrate (210) is provided with a first transmission line (211) on its surface, the first transmission line (211) being used to connect to a radio frequency unit. The second substrate (220) is stacked with the first substrate (210). The surface of the second substrate (220) is covered with a second transmission line (221), which is used to connect to the radiation unit (260). An insulating member (240) is disposed between the first substrate (210) and the second substrate (220). The insulating member (240) includes a first gap (241) that penetrates two opposing surfaces of the insulating member (240). The second transmission line (221) includes a planar portion (2211) and a bent portion (2212). The planar portion (2211) is located on the surface of the second substrate (220). The bent portion (2212) is connected to the planar portion (2211). At least a portion of the bent portion (2212) passes through the first gap (241) and is electrically connected to the first transmission line (211).

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna further includes a connector (230) disposed between the first substrate (210) and the second substrate (220). The connector (230) includes a first through hole (231), and the insulating member (240) is accommodated in the first through hole (231).

3. The antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The bending portion (2212) includes a first bending portion (2212A) and a second bending portion (2212B). The first bending portion (2212A) is accommodated in the first gap (241), and the second bending portion (2212B) is disposed on the side of the insulating member (240) near the first substrate (210) and is electrically connected to the first transmission line (211). The planar portion (2211), the first bent portion (2212A), and the second bent portion (2212B) are arranged in a Z-shaped structure.

4. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The second substrate (220) includes a main body (220A) and an extension (220B). The extension (220B) is disposed at one end of the main body (220A). The planar portion (2211) is laid on the surface of the main body (220A), and the bent portion (2212) is laid on the surface of the extension (220B). The extension (220B) is a flexible structure, and at least a portion of the extension (220B) passes through the first gap (241) and is disposed on the side of the insulating member (240) near the first substrate (210).

5. The antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, The material of the extension (220B) is polyimide or polyethylene terephthalate.

6. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The insulating component (240) includes a first insulating part (242) and a second insulating part (243), the first insulating part (242) and the second insulating part (243) are respectively located on both sides of the first gap (241), and the first insulating part (242) and the second insulating part (243) are separate structures.

7. The antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that, At least a portion of the second transmission line (221) is carried on the first insulating portion (242); The antenna further includes a connector (230), and the insulating member (240) includes a first connecting portion, which is disposed at one end of the second insulating member (243) near the second substrate (220). The first connecting portion is used to connect the second insulating member (243) to the connector (230).

8. The antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that, The insulating member (240) further includes a second connecting portion, which is disposed at one end of the first insulating member (242) near the second substrate (220). The second connecting portion is used to connect the first insulating member (242) to the connecting member (230).

9. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The antenna further includes a first sidewall (250) disposed between the first substrate (210) and the second substrate (220), at least a portion of the projection of the second transmission line (221) along a first direction overlaps with the first sidewall (250), and there is a gap between the second transmission line (221) and the first sidewall (250), the first direction being perpendicular to the first substrate (210); At least a portion of the projection of the first transmission line (211) along the first direction overlaps with the first sidewall (250), and there is a gap between the first transmission line (211) and the first sidewall (250).

10. The antenna according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first sidewall (250) includes a first part (251) and a second part (252), the first part (251) is located on the side of the second part (252) away from the radiation unit (260), and one end of the first part (251) near the first substrate (210) is attached to the first substrate (210). At least a portion of the projection of the second transmission line (221) along the first direction overlaps with the second portion (252), there is a gap between the second transmission line (221) and the second portion (252) in the first direction, and there is a gap between the second transmission line (221) and the first portion (251) in a second direction, the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction; At least a portion of the projection of the first transmission line (211) along the first direction overlaps with the second portion (252), and the first transmission line (211) and the second portion (252) have a gap in the first direction, and the first transmission line (211) and the first portion (251) have a gap in the second direction.

11. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The first transmission line (211) is electrically coupled to the second transmission line (221). The antenna further includes a thin film layer, which is disposed on the side of the insulating member (240) near the first substrate (210) and between the first transmission line (211) and the second transmission line (221).

12. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The first transmission line (211) is electrically connected to the second transmission line (221). A first region of the first transmission line (211) includes a first gold plating layer. The first region is the area of ​​electrical connection between the first transmission line (211) and the second transmission line (221); and / or, The second region of the second transmission line (221) includes a second gold plating layer, and the second region is the electrical connection region of the second transmission line (221) with the first transmission line (211).

13. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, The area on the first transmission line (211) other than the first region includes a first anti-oxidation layer, where the first region is the electrical connection area between the first transmission line (211) and the second transmission line (221); and / or, The area on the second transmission line (221) other than the second region includes a second anti-oxidation layer, and the second region is the electrical connection area between the second transmission line (221) and the first transmission line (211).

14. An access network device, characterized in that, The antenna includes any one of claims 1 to 13.

15. The access network device according to claim 14, characterized in that, The access network device further includes a radio frequency remote unit or a baseband unit, and the antenna is connected to the radio frequency remote unit or the baseband unit.

16. A communication system, characterized in that, Includes one or more access network devices as described in claim 14 or 15.

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