Vascular puncture sheath convenient to fix and steer, and vascular puncture device

Abstract

A vascular puncture sheath convenient to fix and steer. The vascular puncture sheath comprises: a puncture hub (1); an inner sheath tube (2) in communication with the lower end of the puncture hub (1); an outer sheath tube (3) movably sleeved on the outer side of the inner sheath tube (2); and a metal stent (4) fixedly arranged at the lower end of the outer sheath tube (3) and used for fixing the outer sheath tube (3) in a blood vessel, wherein a longitudinally extending chamber (5) is provided between the inner sheath tube (2) and the outer sheath tube (3), and a plurality of through holes (301) in communication with the chamber (5) are provided in the tube wall of the outer sheath tube (3); the metal stent (4) comprises a plurality of memory metal wires (401), the lower ends of the memory metal wires (401) are fixed to the outer wall of the outer sheath tube (3), and the upper ends of the memory metal wires pass through the corresponding through holes (301) into the chamber (5) and are connected to the tube wall of the inner sheath tube (2); and an adjusting mechanism (6) located above the metal stent (4) is further provided in the chamber (5), and the outer sheath tube (3) moves relative to the inner sheath tube (2), so as to drive the adjusting mechanism (6) to control the metal stent (4) to expand or contract. The vascular puncture sheath can prevent the puncture sheath from detaching from a blood vessel during surgery, thereby improving the stability of the puncture sheath in the blood vessel, and further assisting a clinician in operating a guidewire to steer.

Description

A vascular puncture sheath and vascular puncture device that are easy to fix and rotate Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of medical devices, specifically a vascular puncture sheath that is easy to fix and rotate. Background Technology

[0002] A vascular puncture sheath is a medical device used for vascular puncture. Its main function is to establish a surgical channel from the skin to the blood vessel, allowing surgical instruments such as catheters and guidewires to enter the blood vessel and reach the lesion site.

[0003] Currently, common vascular puncture sheaths present numerous problems during surgery. For example, the sheath is difficult to maintain a stable position within the blood vessel during surgery, often resulting in intraoperative sheath dislodgement. This necessitates a second puncture, increasing the difficulty of the procedure, the incidence of puncture complications, and harm to the patient. Furthermore, when treating blood vessels at the same end of a vessel but in different directions / locations, selecting the target vessel becomes difficult. Alternatively, when surgery is required on the other end of the vascular sheath, the existing sheath cannot be adjusted. In these cases, a second puncture is necessary to orient the sheath towards the target vessel, again increasing the difficulty of the procedure, the risk of puncture complications, and harm to the patient. Often, the specificity and difficulty of the anatomy lead to puncture failure, affecting the overall surgical outcome.

[0004] Secondly, due to the poor stability of the sheath in the blood vessel, when clinicians insert the guidewire or other vascular interventional insertion and delivery devices into the sheath and during delivery, the guidewire or other insertion and delivery devices will inevitably come into contact with the sheath, causing the sheath to shift. This phenomenon further increases the difficulty for clinicians to maneuver the guidewire or other insertion and delivery devices, making the operation time longer and requiring more surgical experience from the clinicians. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a vascular puncture sheath that is easy to fix and turn, which can prevent the puncture sheath from detaching from the blood vessel during the operation, thereby improving the stability of the puncture sheath in the blood vessel and assisting clinicians in turning the guidewire to facilitate entry into the target blood vessel.

[0006] The objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] A vascular puncture sheath that is easy to fix and rotate, comprising:

[0008] Puncture seat;

[0009] The inner sheath connects to the lower end of the puncture seat;

[0010] The outer sheath is movably fitted onto the outside of the inner sheath;

[0011] A metal stent, fixed at the lower end of the outer sheath, is used to fix the outer sheath in the blood vessel;

[0012] The inner sheath and the outer sheath have a longitudinally extending chamber. The outer sheath has several through holes communicating with the chamber. The metal support includes several shape memory metal wires. The lower end of the shape memory metal wire is fixed to the outer wall of the outer sheath, and the upper end passes through the corresponding through hole into the chamber and is connected to the inner sheath wall.

[0013] The chamber is also equipped with an adjustment mechanism located above the metal support. The outer sheath moves relative to the inner sheath, thereby driving the adjustment mechanism to control the expansion or contraction of the metal support.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this utility model are:

[0015] 1. Through the relative sliding between the outer and inner sheaths and the coordination of the adjustment mechanism located in the cavity, the metal stent can be deployed or retracted within the blood vessel according to the needs of the surgery. This ensures that the metal stent is in close contact with the blood vessel when deployed, preventing the outer sheath from detaching from the blood vessel during the operation, thus facilitating the clinician's manipulation of the guidewire for steering. Furthermore, when the metal stent retracts, it releases contact with the blood vessel, allowing the clinician to quickly withdraw the sheath from the blood vessel, improving surgical efficiency.

[0016] 2. Through the engagement of the ratchet and pawl, the outer sheath can only rotate in one direction relative to the inner sheath, thereby controlling the metal stent to unfold step by step in the blood vessel to adapt to different blood vessel diameters and firmly fix the sheath in the blood vessel. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a vascular puncture sheath that is easy to fix and rotate according to the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the unfolded metal stent of an embodiment of the vascular puncture sheath of this utility model that is easy to fix and rotate;

[0019] Figure 3 is a simplified diagram of the forward structure of Figure 1;

[0020] Figure 4 is a simplified diagram of the forward structure of Figure 2;

[0021] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the structure in Figure 2;

[0022] Figure 6 is an enlarged view of part A of Figure 5;

[0023] Figure 7 is an enlarged view of part B of Figure 5;

[0024] Figure 8 is a bottom view of Figure 1;

[0025] Figure 9 is a bottom view of Figure 2;

[0026] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the structural contraction of the metal bracket of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the unfolded structure of the metal bracket of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 12 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the adjustment mechanism in Figure 1 in use;

[0029] Figure 13 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the adjustment mechanism in Figure 2 in use;

[0030] Figure 14 is a structural cross-sectional view of the adjustment mechanism in Figure 13;

[0031] Figure 15 is a simplified structural diagram of the elastic coating of this utility model;

[0032] Figure 16 is a structural schematic diagram of a vascular puncture device according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the puncture core rod of this utility model.

[0034] Labeling: 1. Puncture seat, 101. Handle, 102. Inlet tube, 2. Inner sheath, 201. Annular flange, 3. Outer sheath, 301. Through hole, 4. Metal support, 401. Memory metal wire, 5. Chamber, 6. Adjustment mechanism, 61. Ratchet, 62. Pawl, 7. Elastic membrane, 8. Puncture core rod, 81. Puncture rod, 82. Handle grip. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0036] Figure 1-14 shows a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the vascular puncture sheath provided by this utility model, which is easy to fix and rotate:

[0037] A vascular puncture sheath that is easy to fix and rotate, comprising:

[0038] Puncture seat 1;

[0039] Inner sheath 2, connected to the lower end of puncture seat 1;

[0040] The outer sheath 3 is movably sleeved on the outside of the inner sheath 2;

[0041] Metal stent 4 is fixed at the lower end of outer sheath 3 and is used to fix outer sheath 3 in blood vessel;

[0042] The inner sheath 2 and the outer sheath 3 are connected by a longitudinally extending chamber 5. The outer sheath 3 has several through holes 301 communicating with the chamber 5 on its wall. The metal support 4 includes several shape memory metal wires 401. The lower end of the shape memory metal wires 401 is fixed to the outer wall of the outer sheath 3, and the upper end passes through the corresponding through holes 301 into the chamber 5 and is connected to the wall of the inner sheath 2.

[0043] The chamber 5 is also equipped with an adjustment mechanism 6 located above the metal support 4. The outer sheath 3 moves relative to the inner sheath 2, thereby driving the adjustment mechanism 6 to control the metal support 4 to expand or contract.

[0044] The outer sheath 3 can slide up and down and rotate circumferentially relative to the inner sheath 2. The outer wall of the inner sheath 2 has an annular protrusion 201 extending outward to prevent the outer sheath 3 from slipping excessively.

[0045] The outer sheath tube 3 has a ring of anti-slip texture on the upper end of its outer wall to increase friction and facilitate rotation of the outer sheath tube 3.

[0046] The upper end face of the annular protrusion 201 is also provided with an elastic sealing ring to prevent blood from entering the chamber 5.

[0047] The adjustment mechanism 6 includes a ratchet 61 encircling the outer wall of the inner sheath 2 and a pawl 62 fixed to the inner wall of the outer sheath 3.

[0048] The pawl 62 can engage or disengage with the ratchet 61 as the outer sheath 3 slides up and down. When the pawl 62 engages with the ratchet 61, the outer sheath 3 can rotate unidirectionally relative to the inner sheath 2 to gradually unfold the metal support 4. When the pawl 62 disengages from the ratchet 61, the outer sheath 3 can rotate bidirectionally relative to the inner sheath 2 to retract the metal support 4 by rotating in the opposite direction.

[0049] The pawl 62 and the outer sheath 3 are integrally formed.

[0050] As shown in Figure 14, there are two pairs of pawls 62, which are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the inner wall of the outer sheath tube 3.

[0051] The ratchet 61 and the inner sheath 2 are integrally formed.

[0052] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG15, an elastic membrane 7 is connected between the middle sections of each adjacent memory metal wire 401. The elastic membrane 7 can deform in tandem with the expansion or contraction of the metal support 4. The distance between the upper end of the memory metal wire 401 and the elastic membrane 7 should not be less than the maximum distance of the outer sheath 3 sliding up and down relative to the inner sheath 2, so that the upper end of the memory metal wire 401 can smoothly enter the chamber 5 through the through hole 301.

[0053] The through hole 301 and the memory metal wire 401 are in clearance fit, and a sealing treatment is performed between the through hole 301 and the memory metal wire 401.

[0054] Several shape memory metal wires 401 are spaced apart circumferentially along the outer wall of the outer sheath tube 3.

[0055] The initial shape of the memory metal wire 401 relative to the outer sheath tube 3, as shown in Figure 11, is a curved shape with the middle section arching outward. Several memory metal wires 401 are arranged circumferentially along the outer wall of the outer sheath tube 3 to form a flat disc-shaped metal support 4.

[0056] Before the outer sheath 3 is inserted into the patient's blood vessel, the ratchet 61 and pawl 62 should be disengaged, and the outer sheath 3 should be twisted in the opposite direction relative to the unidirectional rotation direction of the ratchet 61 and pawl 62. This causes the shape memory wire 401 to spirally wrap around the outer wall of the outer sheath 3. When the ratchet 61 and pawl 62 are engaged and rotate in one direction, several shape memory wires 401 can gradually elastically recover to their initial shape as the outer sheath 3 rotates relative to the inner sheath 2. This allows the deployment degree of the metal stent 4 to be gradually adjusted according to the different blood vessel diameters of different patients.

[0057] The puncture seat 1 has a handle 101 on its left outer wall for easy gripping, and an inlet tube 102 communicating with the puncture seat 1 is provided on its right outer wall.

[0058] The inlet tube 102 is connected to an external pipeline and is used to transfer medications (such as heparin and other thrombolytic agents) into the inner sheath 2.

[0059] Figures 16-17 show a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the vascular puncture device of the present invention, which includes the vascular puncture sheath that is easy to fix and turn, and the puncture core rod 8.

[0060] The puncture core rod 8 includes a longitudinally extending puncture rod 81 and a gripping handle 82 fixed to the upper end of the puncture rod 81. The puncture rod 81 is inserted into the upper end of the puncture seat 1 and exits through the lower end of the inner sheath tube 2. The lower end of the puncture rod 81 has a tapered structure. The puncture core rod 8 is provided with a longitudinally extending channel that allows the guide wire to pass through.

[0061] The present invention provides a method for using a vascular puncture sheath and puncture core rod that facilitate fixation and steering, which is generally described as follows:

[0062] The clinician selects a suitable puncture point on the patient and, depending on the actual situation, may selectively incise the skin at the puncture point. Then, the puncture sheath containing the puncture core rod 8 and guide wire is inserted into the blood vessel (at this time, as shown in Figure 10, the metal stent 4 should be in a contracted state, and each memory metal wire 401 should be spirally wound around the outer wall of the outer sheath 3; and as shown in Figure 12, the ratchet 61 and pawl 62 should be disengaged). Guided by the guide wire, the puncture core rod 8 and puncture sheath smoothly enter the patient's blood vessel. The puncture core rod 8 is then withdrawn. The clinician pushes the outer sheath 3 outside the patient's body, causing it to slide downwards relative to the inner sheath 2 (at this time, as shown in Figure 13, the ratchet 61 and pawl 62 are engaged, and the outer sheath 3 can only rotate unidirectionally relative to the inner sheath 2). Then, through continuous unidirectional rotation of the outer sheath 3, the memory metal wires 401 spirally wound around the outer wall of the outer sheath 3 gradually regain their elasticity. This unfolds the metal stent 4 and brings it firmly against the inner wall of the patient's blood vessel, reliably fixing the outer sheath 3 within the blood vessel. This allows the clinician to maneuver the guidewire or other surgical instruments within the lumen of the inner sheath 2. After the surgery, the clinician pulls the outer sheath 3 outside the patient's body, causing it to slide upwards relative to the inner sheath 2 (at this time, the ratchet 61 and pawl 62 are disengaged, allowing the outer sheath 3 to rotate freely in circumferentially relative to the inner sheath 2). Subsequently, the outer sheath 3 is rotated in the opposite direction to the unidirectional rotation of the ratchet 61 and pawl 62, causing the memory metal wire 401 to re-spiral around the outer wall of the outer sheath 3. The puncture sheath is then withdrawn from the patient's body or pulled out until its bottom is at the puncture site. The metal stent 4 is then unfolded according to the above procedure, fixing it at the puncture site. The puncture sheath is fixed and remains in the blood vessel to prevent secondary punctures. The guidewire is then inserted. Extend the guidewire toward the other end of the blood vessel, then retract the metal stent 4, allowing the puncture sheath to extend along the direction of the guidewire to facilitate surgery on the other end of the blood vessel.

[0063] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A vascular puncture sheath that is easy to fix and rotate, characterized in that, It includes: Puncture seat (1); The inner sheath (2) is connected to the lower end of the puncture seat (1); The outer sheath (3) is movably fitted onto the outside of the inner sheath (2); A metal stent (4) is fixed at the lower end of the outer sheath (3) and is used to fix the outer sheath (3) in the blood vessel. There is a longitudinally extending chamber (5) between the inner sheath (2) and the outer sheath (3). The outer sheath (3) has several through holes (301) communicating with the chamber (5) on its tube wall. The metal support (4) includes several memory metal wires (401). The lower end of the memory metal wire (401) is fixed on the outer wall of the outer sheath (3), and its upper end passes through the corresponding through hole (301) into the chamber (5) and is connected to the tube wall of the inner sheath (2). The chamber (5) is also provided with an adjustment mechanism (6) located above the metal support (4). The outer sheath (3) moves relative to the inner sheath (2), thereby driving the adjustment mechanism (6) to control the metal support (4) to expand or contract.

2. The vascular puncture sheath for easy fixation and repositioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer sheath (3) can slide up and down and rotate circumferentially relative to the inner sheath (2), and the outer wall of the (2) has an annular protrusion (201) extending outward to prevent the outer sheath (3) from excessively sliding.

3. The vascular puncture sheath for easy fixation and repositioning according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism (6) includes a ratchet (61) arranged around the outer wall of the inner sheath (2) and a pawl (62) fixed on the inner wall of the outer sheath (3); The pawl (62) can engage or disengage with the ratchet (61) as the outer sheath (3) slides up and down. When the pawl (62) engages with the ratchet (61), the outer sheath (3) can rotate unidirectionally relative to the inner sheath (2) to gradually unfold the metal support (4). When the pawl (62) disengages from the ratchet (61), the outer sheath (3) can rotate bidirectionally relative to the inner sheath (2) to rotate in the opposite direction to retract the metal support (4).

4. The vascular puncture sheath for easy fixation and repositioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: An elastic coating (7) is connected between the middle sections of each adjacent memory metal wire (401).

5. The vascular puncture sheath for easy fixation and repositioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The through hole (301) and the shape memory wire (401) are in a clearance fit.

6. The vascular puncture sheath for easy fixation and repositioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: Several shape memory metal wires (401) are spaced apart circumferentially along the outer wall of the outer sheath (3).

7. The vascular puncture sheath for easy fixation and repositioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The puncture seat (1) has a handle (101) on its left outer wall for easy gripping, and an inlet tube (102) communicating with the puncture seat (1) is provided on its right outer wall.

8. A vascular puncture device, characterized in that: It includes the vascular puncture sheath for easy fixation and repositioning as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, and the puncture core rod (8); The puncture core rod (8) includes a longitudinally extending puncture rod (81) and a grip handle (82) fixed to the upper end of the puncture rod (81). The puncture rod (81) is inserted into the upper end of the puncture seat (1) and exits through the lower end of the inner sheath (2). The lower end of the puncture rod (81) has a tapered structure. The puncture core rod (8) is provided with a longitudinally extending channel that allows the guide wire to pass through.

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