Planar body, in particular floor of a building, comprising a plurality of planar elements

Abstract

The invention relates to a planar body (1), in particular a floor of a building, comprising a plurality of planar elements (10) which lie side by side in a first plane (E1) and at least one second plane (E2). According to the invention, shear blocking means (12) are formed in the surfaces (11) of at least some of the planar elements (10) between the first plane (E1) and the second plane (E2) and prevent, by forming a planar form-fit, the planar elements (10) from sliding in relation to one another. The invention also relates to a method for producing a planar body (1) of this kind.

Description

[0001]

[0002] SURFACE BODY, IN PARTICULAR THE FLOOR SLAB OF A BUILDING, COMMON WITH MULTIPLE SURFACE ELEMENTS

[0003] The invention relates to a planar body, in particular a floor slab of a building, comprising several planar elements arranged adjacent to one another in a first plane and at least a second plane. The invention further relates to a method for manufacturing such a planar body, in particular a floor slab of a building.

[0004] STATE OF THE ART

[0005] Multi-story buildings are typically constructed from floor slabs that form individual accessible levels, with several vertical support elements extending between them. These floor slabs are usually made of reinforced concrete, but the use of concrete is inherently associated with high CO2 emissions, whereas using wood for floor slabs sequesters CO2. Therefore, it is desirable to avoid using reinforced concrete for floor slabs whenever possible and to use wood instead. The aim is to give the floor slabs a load-bearing capacity comparable to that of a reinforced concrete floor slab, while also offering significantly improved design freedom.

[0006] The floor slab should not be significantly thicker than conventional reinforced concrete floor slabs. Furthermore, if the floor slabs have larger spans, particularly where the supporting elements are spaced further apart (e.g., 8 meters), then large-span timber elements must be provided, which are difficult to handle or even unavailable. The timber element forming the beam-free floor slab must therefore be constructed from several elements, preferably joined together in two or more planes. The joint pattern between the elements in these at least two planes typically forms a regular connection. At the load transfer points below the floor slab, the elements usually have additional support heads at their upper ends, which may also be made of wood.Furthermore, horizontal load-bearing beams running between the support elements under the floor slab are known as girders, which, however, should also be avoided in order to improve the installation of building services, such as cables and pipes, and especially to enable easier repurposing of a building, thereby further improving its lifespan and thus its CO2 balance.

[0007] From EP 2 787 140 A1, for example, a floor slab in timber-concrete composite construction is known, which allows the proportion of concrete to be reduced, wherein a top slab of the floor slab is made of concrete and a bottom slab of a wood-based material. Spacers are provided between the two slabs, with the top and bottom slabs being joined together by means of an adhesive bond.

[0008] EP 2 989 263 B1 discloses a floor slab for a building, in which column heads are arranged on the underside of the load transfer points, allowing the load from the floor slab to be distributed more evenly via the column elements. The column head is to be made of wood, with the objective here, too, of producing wooden floor slabs that allow for large column spacings even in multi-story buildings and that do not require steel or reinforced concrete elements. The technical teaching focuses on the wooden column head with two diverging main grain directions of the wood material, which are to run in the plane of the floor slab. However, the floor elements cannot be designed to be shorter than the spacing of the column elements that ultimately support the floor slab of the building.This approach also makes it difficult to implement different floor plan geometries, larger distances between support points, as well as cantilevers and overhangs.

[0009] From DE 803 434 B, a building element is known that can serve as a wall and is therefore usable vertically. It comprises several surface elements in the form of steel sheet panels arranged adjacent to one another in a first and a second plane. Shear-locking elements in the form of strip elements with a dovetail contour are arranged on the facing surfaces of the steel sheet panels between the first and second planes. These strip elements prevent the surface elements from sliding against each other by forming a preferably planar positive fit. The steel sheet panels must be elastic or hinged to each other for assembly and disassembly, enabling them to be connected or separated in the two planes. The strip elements must interlock like a zipper.The construction and dismantling of the surface structure is therefore bound to corresponding structural specifications. because the surface elements cannot be simply joined on top of each other to form the surface body.

[0010] WO 2015 / 000747 A2 discloses a building body comprising several surface elements in the form of wooden strips with a dovetail profile for forming shear barriers. These barriers are slid into one another to create a butt joint, thus connecting two planes of surface bodies. The dovetail profiles are wedge-shaped and therefore must be joined in a predetermined direction. Consequently, this type of surface body construction also requires specific structural requirements, and the surface elements have a length that corresponds to the main dimension of the surface body. This makes the construction complex and not feasible, or at least not economically viable, on a construction site.

[0011] For roof structures, for example, one-dimensional support beams with end supports are known, constructed from several, particularly elongated, elements that are glued together. However, it has recently become increasingly apparent that the adhesive strength of a glue can decrease over time, so that the beam, or so-called truss, can consequently lose its strength. The disposal or reuse of glued timber structures is viewed critically with regard to the widely pursued circular economy. Therefore, the structural element should not only be manufactured without concrete to achieve a good CO2 balance, but it should also be constructed from surface elements that are joined together without the use of adhesives and do not require supporting beams on the underside. It is therefore desirable to create a structural element from to be able to assemble smaller surface elements, whereby the assembly should be as simple as possible.

[0012] REVELATION OF THE INVENTION

[0013] The object of the invention is to further develop a surface body made of surface elements, in particular made of wood, wherein the surface elements individually have smaller dimensions than the entire resulting surface body, i.e. the floor slab, wherein the surface elements are to be advantageously connected to one another in such a way that a high load-bearing capacity is achieved with a low overall height of the surface body.

[0014] This problem is solved starting from a surface body according to the preamble of claim 1 and starting from a method according to the preamble of claim 15 with the respective dependent claims. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

[0015] The invention includes the technical teaching that shear-locking means are formed in the surfaces of at least a part of the surface elements between the first plane and the second plane, which prevent slippage by forming a preferably planar positive locking in the contact plane of the overlapping surface elements.

[0016] The core idea of ​​the invention is a preferably and in particular planar positive locking in the surfaces of the surface elements, i.e. in the contact plane of the planarly overlapping surface elements, so that the surface elements of the first plane cannot slide relative to the surface elements of the second plane in any direction without the use of an adhesive or without the use of screw bolts or such materials are used to prevent the surface elements from sliding against each other, resulting in a needs-based and / or stress-appropriate, waste-minimizing, and waste-avoiding design of the floor slab.

[0017] The shear barriers are created by a geometric design of the surfaces of the surface elements, such that they interlock. When the surface elements of the two planes are brought together, the shear barriers can be designed to be complementary with respect to their opposing surfaces. This results in the formation of a surface body with a number of surface elements, where the individual surface elements have smaller main dimensions than the resulting surface body, particularly relevant for a floor slab of a building with large spans, such as 8 meters or more. The surface body in the context of the present invention primarily relates to a floor slab, so the term "surface body" can also be substituted for "floor slab" in this context.

[0018] The surface elements can be assembled from small elements, whereby the assembly can be carried out as simply as possible, for example from a direction orthogonal to the planar extent of the surface body.

[0019] The shear-locking elements formed in the surfaces of at least some of the surface elements between the first and second planes are joined to each other or to the surface elements in a vertical direction. This offers the advantage that no lateral joining movements are required that would otherwise occur in the planes of extension of the surface elements or the planes. In other words, assembly can be carried out entirely from above or from below, if one considers the resulting flat body as the floor slab of a building in the horizontal plane.

[0020] It has been found that by incorporating just a few shear-locking agents into the surfaces of the panel elements, a highly resilient positive-locking effect is created, resulting in a virtually monolithic or monolithic behavior of the panel structure. This allows a building floor slab to be constructed from a number of panel elements capable of supporting high loads even across larger unsupported areas, provided there is a greater distance between supporting elements below the floor slab. Therefore, the use of adhesives can be dispensed with, eliminating the need to consider aging effects and a decrease in adhesive strength. Wood is particularly suitable as a material for the panel elements, which can, however, also be made of composite materials or plastics, for example.For example, surface elements can also consist of mixed materials, such as wood-plastic composites or mineral wood mixtures. Combinations of these materials are also conceivable to form the surface body, for example, from surface elements made of different materials.

[0021] It is also conceivable that surface elements primarily subjected to compressive loads are made of concrete, a concrete-wood mixture, or, more generally, a mineral wood mixture, while surface elements of the same body can be made of a combination of concrete-based and wood- or plastic-based materials if they are primarily subjected to tensile loads. It is also conceivable that surface elements are provided from reclaimed concrete elements, for example, from existing stock that have been sawn or ground to size. This is also possible. This avoids the CO2-intensive production of new concrete structures. The same applies to the production of shear barriers, which can also be made from recycled concrete.

[0022] Preferably, the surface elements are made of wood, so that the largest possible proportion of carbon can remain stored in the floor slabs of a building. The effect of a planar interlock is to be understood as follows: the interlock is not limited to a single load-bearing direction, but rather exists in the plane. This plane is referred to here as the planar plane, which results from the contact area between the surface elements of the first and second planes and can be defined by two principal axes.

[0023] The shear locking devices enable the formation of a positive fit between the surfaces by means of linear contact between the surfaces in the planar plane, the contact of which, forming the positive locking effect, has a length-to-width ratio of at least 1:2 and / or at least 1:5 and / or at least 1:10 and / or at least 1:15 and / or 1:20 or more. This linear contact between the surfaces is formed, for example, by means of joints, edges, locking strips, wedges, wedge elements, plates, discs, and the like, which preferably have an elongated extent that creates the length-to-width ratio specified above.Therefore, the invention does not focus on simple bolts for connecting the surface elements of the first level and the surface elements of the second level, since the use of mostly cylindrical pins, bolts, screws and the like creates local shear stress peaks that do not allow the required load-bearing capacity of the surface body, especially not when the surface element forms a floor slab of a building.

[0024] The shear barriers are preferably arranged distributed across the surfaces of the surface elements and / or joined from a perpendicular to the planes, so that the sliding of the surface elements against each other in two axes of the plane of the surface body is prevented. The arrangement and design of the shear barriers can be optimized using computer numerical methods by determining the load situation of the surface body, in particular the floor slab of the building, in order to avoid stress concentrations in the surface elements and especially in the shear barriers. The shear barriers can be designed such that a shear stress that is as uniform as possible and an optimal force distribution through a two-axis load transfer is achieved across the surface of the surface body. The two axes in the plane of the surface body are preferably perpendicular to each other.This allows the surface elements to be joined together without the need for material bonding agents, particularly because the shear-locking effect is achieved through shear-locking elements. The number of shear-locking elements increases with decreasing distance to the load transfer point.

[0025] Furthermore, connecting elements can still be provided that extend at an angle or, in particular, perpendicularly to the plane of the surface elements and at least partially penetrate both superimposed surface elements, so that the surface elements of the first plane and the surface elements of the second plane are held together by the connecting elements in the thickness direction. The connecting elements can, for example, be made of steel pins or wooden pins that are either screwed in or, preferably, driven into prepared bores in the surface elements in such a way that they remain self-retaining in the surface elements and the surface elements are held together in the thickness direction. The connecting elements do not, however, bear any load in the horizontal direction in the plane of the surface, even though they could form small shear barriers, because they merely serve to secure the surface elements to one another. As already explained above in connection with the ratio of the length to the width of the contact area between the surfaces in the planar plane, a positive fit required by the invention cannot be achieved, since screws or pin elements create stress concentrations that would limit the load-bearing capacity of the surface body.

[0026] The surface body has, in particular, load transfer points under which the support elements can be arranged, with the shear restraints having a path aligned with the load transfer points. Especially high stresses and shear forces arise at the load transfer points between the at least two planes in the surface body, since an external force is introduced into the surface body at these points, for example, by support elements. The load introduced at the load transfer point is distributed throughout the surface body, so that the path of the shear restraints can advantageously be aligned with the load distribution originating from the load transfer point. For example, the shear restraints can encircle the load transfer points in a ring or polygon shape, or they can be locally confined, for example, arranged in an island-like fashion around the load transfer points.If the shear barrier means have a longitudinal extension, and thus form barrier surfaces, the course of the barrier surfaces can be aligned in such a way that the shear stresses occurring between the surface bodies in the first plane and in the second plane are oriented perpendicular to the course of the barrier surfaces.

[0027] According to a first embodiment, the shear locking means can have locking strips provided with locking surfaces, wherein grooves are provided in the surfaces of the surface elements in which the locking strips The locking strips are inserted and create a positive fit in the planar plane of the surface elements by having locking surfaces that run vertically perpendicular to the first and second planes. For example, the locking strips project with one side into the grooves of the first surface element and with a second side into the grooves of the second surface element, thereby also creating locking surfaces at the edges of the grooves that transfer the shear stress against the locking strips. A polygonal enclosure of the load transfer points is advantageous when the locking strips can be provided more easily as straight elements compared to arc-shaped locking strips. However, it is also conceivable that the locking strips have a rectangular shape, even a polygonal shape, a circular disk shape, a plate shape, or a star shape, so that the grooves in the surface elements are designed to complement this shape.

[0028] The locking strips can therefore also form disc elements, flat cylinders, ovals, star shapes, plate elements and the like in an elongated shape, which are also distributed at points between the surfaces of the overlapping surface elements in complementary recesses of both surfaces, the recesses forming the aforementioned grooves.

[0029] Alternatively or additionally to the insertion of locking strips into designated grooves in the surfaces of the surface elements, the shear barriers can also be formed, for example, by means of a height topography in the surfaces of the surface elements. Barrier surfaces can also be formed with a height topography, which can act as barriers for the shear stresses in the planar plane of the surface bodies and / or wherein the height topography in the surfaces of the surface elements has at least one or more height levels.

[0030] Elevation topography is located on the surfaces of the surface elements of the first and second levels, with the respective opposing elevation topography being complementary to the second elevation topography. If the elevation topography exhibits a raised surface in one area, the surface of the opposite surface element exhibits a complementary depression. Elevation topographies can also form around the load transfer points, and they can include one or more distinct elevation levels where the barrier surfaces are formed. These barrier surfaces define the elevation levels that run vertically perpendicular to the planar extension plane of the superimposed surfaces of the surface elements.

[0031] The elevation planes can also be distributed concentrically, annularly, or polygonally around the load transfer points, thus enabling the principle of creating barrier surfaces on the surfaces of the overlapping surface bodies. In this way, the elevation planes can be bounded by barrier surfaces which, due to the complementary elevation topographies between the surface elements, create a positive fit in the planar plane of the surface elements.

[0032] The shear locking devices can have a height corresponding to 2% to 30%, 5% to 25%, or 10% to 20% of the thickness of the surface body. For example, the height of the shear locking devices can be determined by the height of the locking strips or twice the depth of the associated grooves. Alternatively, the height of the shear locking devices can be determined by the maximum height difference of the topography, in particular between the elevation levels.

[0033] The surface elements are butted together in each of the two planes to form the surface body. This butt joint of the surface elements creates a joint with a joint profile that is offset between the surface elements of the first plane and the surface elements of the second plane, or runs perpendicular to each other, whereby an angle of less than 90° or a zigzag profile is also quite conceivable. The joint profile of the butt joint of the surface elements, and thus the joint itself, can be independent of the path of the shear barriers. The shear barriers can therefore also intersect the joint profile or run parallel to it without impairing their shear barrier effect.

[0034] The surface elements can be butted together in each of the two planes to form the surface body. This butt joint of the surface elements creates a joint with a joint profile that is offset between the surface elements of the first plane and the surface elements of the second plane, or runs perpendicular to each other, whereby an angle of less than 90° or a zigzag profile is also quite conceivable. The joint profile of the butt joint of the surface elements, and thus the joint itself, can be independent of the path of the shear barriers. The shear barriers can therefore also intersect the joint profile or run parallel to it without impairing their shear barrier effect.

[0035] The invention further relates to a method for producing a planar body, in particular a floor slab of a building, comprising several planar elements, wherein the method comprises at least the following steps: introducing shear barriers into the

[0036] Surfaces of at least a part of the surface elements between the first plane and the second plane; arrangement of the surface elements in the first plane and in the second plane from a vertical to one another, forming a planar positive fit between the surface elements in the two planes by means of the shear barriers, so that sliding of the surface elements onto one another is prevented and the surface body acquires monolith-like properties.

[0037] PREFERRED EXAMPLE OF THE INVENTION

[0038] Further measures improving the invention are described in more detail below, together with a description of a preferred embodiment of the invention, with reference to the figures. The figures show:

[0039] Figure 1 shows a perspective, schematic view of two surface bodies with supporting elements arranged between them, the surface bodies forming respective floor slabs of a building;

[0040] Figure 2 shows a sectional view through a surface body with a number of surface elements arranged in two planes and between which shear locking means are placed, formed by locking strips;

[0041] Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional view of a surface body according to Figure 1, wherein, unlike, for example, in Figure 2, the shear barrier means are formed by a height topography in the surfaces between the surface elements;

[0042] Figure 4 shows an exploded view of a surface body with several surface elements, wherein the shear locking means are formed with locking strips;

[0043] Figure 5 shows a view of two planes of surface elements with shear barriers formed by a height topography;

[0044] Figure 6 shows a schematic view of a surface element in a first upper plane and a surface element in a second lower plane to form a surface body with shear locking means arranged between the surface elements and

[0045] Figure 7 shows a schematic view of a surface element in a first upper plane and a surface element in a second lower plane to form a surface body with complementary height topographies incorporated into the surface elements, through which the shear barrier means are formed.

[0046] Figure 1 shows schematically and in perspective view two floor slabs 1 of a building, which are formed by corresponding surface bodies 1. Several support elements 15 extend between the superimposed surface bodies 1.

[0047] The surface bodies 1 or floor slabs 1 are constructed from a plurality of surface elements 10, which are joined together at the joints, forming corresponding joints 21. The surface elements 10 extend in a first plane E1 and in a lower plane. The second level E2 is situated, with the respective joints 21 between the surface elements 10 in the two levels E1 and E2 being offset from each other. The surface elements 10 have smaller main dimensions than the main dimensions of the surface body 1, so that free bearing lengths between the support elements 10 can be achieved with smaller surface elements 10. For example, the distance between the support elements 15 can be 6 m to 8 m, whereas the length of the surface elements 10 is, for example, 1 m or 3 m in the main dimension.

[0048] Figures 2 and 3 show a cross-section through the surface bodies 1 with surface elements 10, which are arranged one above the other in the two planes E1 and E2 and are joined at the joints 21. Support elements 15 are also indicated beneath the surface bodies 1.

[0049] Between the surface elements 10 of the first plane E1 and the second plane E2, shear barriers 12 are formed that prevent planar sliding of the surface elements 10 against each other. Planar sliding refers to a relative movement of the surface elements 10 in their plane of extension relative to each other, in particular in the joint between the two planes E1 and E2. The shear barriers 12 are designed such that they create a shear barrier in this plane, and thus in their entire planar, surface extension, at least in at least two axes that are perpendicular to each other.

[0050] To enable the surface elements 10 to be held together, connecting means 13 are provided, which can be formed, for example, from steel pins or wooden pins, and which are inserted, in particular pressed, into corresponding bores in the surface elements 10.

[0051] The embodiment shown in Figure 2 depicts shear locking means 12 in the form of locking strips 16, which are inserted into associated grooves 17 in the surfaces 11 of the surface elements 10. The embodiment shows at least two different directions of extension of the locking strips 16, namely in the section plane and perpendicular to the section plane. This makes it clear that the shear locking means 12 provide not only a unidirectional, but also a planar form-fit effect.

[0052] According to the embodiment shown in Figure 3, the shear locking means 12 are formed by a height topography 18, such that the surfaces 11 of the surface elements 10 interlock via the height topography 18. The height topography 18 is shown with a profile that is merely exemplary, but the profile can be understood as forming the respective interlocking surfaces 20. The formed locking surfaces 20 prevent the two surfaces 11 of the surface elements 10 from sliding relative to each other in the plane.

[0053] Figure 4 shows an exploded view of the surface body 1 with a number of surface elements 10, wherein the shear locking means 12 are formed with locking strips 16 that are inserted into corresponding grooves 17 in the surfaces 11. The flying view of the exploded view thus shows the locking strips 16, which are geometrically adapted so that they can be inserted precisely into the grooves 17. The grooves 17 can, for example, have a depth corresponding to half the height of the locking strips 16, so that the locking strips 16 can engage halfway into a groove 17 in surface elements 10 of the first plane E1 and with the other half into a groove 17 of the surface elements 10 in the second plane E2. In this way, an interlocking is formed by which the shear locking means 12 are generated and act in the planar plane between the surface elements 10.

[0054] The illustration shows that the shear barriers 12 are designed specifically around the load transfer points 14 in the surface body 10. This allows the high shear forces at the support points, resulting from the load transfer, to be transmitted, so that the geometric design of the shear barriers 12, in this case the arrangement of the barrier strips 16, ensures a load introduction into the surface body 1 as required, without resulting in excessive load distribution. The joint profile 22 between the surface elements 10 of the first level E1 and the second level E2 is perpendicular to each other and is independent of the profile of the shear barriers 12.

[0055] Figure 5 shows an alternative embodiment for forming the shear barriers 12 between the surface elements 10 of the surface body 1. The surface elements 10 of the respective planes E1 and E2 are shown unfolded, with the surface elements 10 from plane E1 being unfolded onto the surface elements 10 of plane E2 to complete the surface body 1. The height topography 18 is formed by several cascading height levels 19, each bounded by a barrier surface 20. For example, the height topography 18 on the surface elements 10 in the first plane E1 shows raised areas that protrude from the surface, and the height topography 18 of the surface elements 10 in the second plane E2 shows depressions that are complementary to the raised areas.When the surface elements 10 from the two planes E1 and E2 are brought together, the height planes 19 of the surface elements 10 of plane E1 engage in the recesses of the height planes 19 of the surface elements 10 of the second plane E2. The respective barrier surfaces 20 of the height levels 19 therefore form an interlocking, as can already be seen in Figure 3.

[0056] The surface elements 10 have a joint profile 21 relative to each other, which is designed such that it differs between the two planes E1 and E2, in particular being approximately perpendicular to each other. The orientation of the joints 21, rotated approximately 90° in each case, also corresponds to the representation in Figure 4, in which the joint profile 22 of the surface elements 10 of the first plane E1 and the second plane E2 is perpendicular to each other.

[0057] Figure 6 shows a schematic view of a surface element 10 in a first upper plane E1 and a surface element 10 in a second lower plane E2 to form a surface body 1 with shear locking means 12 arranged between the surface elements 10, wherein the surface elements 10 are shown slightly spaced apart from each other, while the shear locking means 12 are shown in the form of locking strips 16 between the surface elements 10 and do not engage in the grooves 17 provided for the shear locking means 12 in the surfaces 11 of the surface elements 10.

[0058] The two planes E1 and E2 arranged above and below define the extension planes of the surface elements 10. A vertical direction V is defined perpendicular or orthogonal to the extension planes of the surface elements 10, which is also orthogonal to the surface 11 of the surface elements 10 and is indicated by dashed lines in the figure. When the surface elements 10 are joined together, the joining movement occurs exclusively along the vertical direction V, so that no lateral insertion of tongue-and-groove or dovetail joints is necessary. This defines a joining direction F1 of the surface elements 10 relative to each other, which is also indicated by the The joining direction F2 of the shear barriers 12 into the grooves 17 corresponds to the vertical direction V. The possibility of assembling the surface elements 10 together with the shear barriers 12 from only one direction significantly simplifies the construction of a floor slab within a building, as no lateral joining movements with the surface elements 10 and / or the shear barriers 12 are necessary, which would otherwise have to occur in the extension planes of the surface elements 10 or the planes E1 or E2.

[0059] Figure 7 shows a further schematic view of a surface element 10 in a first upper plane E1 and a surface element 10 in a second lower plane E2 for forming a surface body 1 with complementary height topographies 18 incorporated into the surface elements 10, which form the shear barriers 12. The height topographies 18 comprise these cascade-shaped limiting barrier surfaces 20, which extend in the vertical direction V. Thus, according to this embodiment as well, it is possible to create the surface body 1 by joining the two surface elements 10 in the superimposed planes E1 and E2 from the vertical direction V, without having to perform lateral joining movements that run in the extension planes of the surface elements 10 or the planes E1 or E2. The assembly of the surface elements 10 together can therefore be based exclusively on joining movements from or...this occurs along the vertical direction V.

[0060] The invention is not limited in its implementation to the preferred embodiment described above. Rather, a number of variants are conceivable, which utilize the solution presented even in fundamentally different designs. All Features and / or advantages arising from the claims, the description or the drawings, including design details or spatial arrangements, may be essential to the invention both individually and in various combinations.

[0061]

[0062] Reference symbol list:

[0063] I Surface body, floor slab

[0064] 10 surface elements

[0065] II Surface

[0066] 12 thrust restraint devices

[0067] 13 Connecting agents

[0068] 14 Load transfer point

[0069] 15 support elements

[0070] 16 Locking strip

[0071] 16' restricted area

[0072] 17 Nut

[0073] 18 Elevation topography

[0074] 19th level

[0075] 20 Restricted area

[0076] 21 joint

[0077] 22 Joint pattern

[0078] E1 first level

[0079] E2 second level

[0080] F1 Joining direction of the surface elements towards each other

[0081] F2 Direction of action of the thrust locking devices

[0082] V Vertical direction

Claims

Claims:

1. Surface body (1), in particular floor slab (1 ) of a building, comprising several surface elements (10) which are arranged adjacent to one another in a first plane (E1) and at least a second plane (E2), characterized in that shear barrier means (12) are formed in the surfaces (11) of at least a part of the surface elements (10) between the first plane (E1 ) and the second plane (E2), which prevent the surface elements (10) from sliding against each other by forming a preferably planar positive locking.

2. Surface body (1 ) according to claim 1 , characterized in that the shear locking means (12) are joined from a vertical (V) to the planes (E1, E2) and and / or are arranged distributed over the surfaces (11) of the surface elements (10) so that the sliding of the surface elements (10) against each other in the two axes of the extension plane of the surface body (1) is prevented.

3. Surface body (1 ) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the shear locking means (12) for forming the positive locking between the surfaces (11) form a linear contact which has a length-to-width ratio of at least 1 :2 and / or at least 1:5 and / or at least 1:10 and / or at least 1:15 and / or at least 1 :

20.

4. Planar body (1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that connecting means (13) are provided, wherein the surface elements (10) of the first level (E1 ) and the surface elements (10) of the second level (E2) are connected by the connecting means (13).

5. Surface body (1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the surface body (1) has load transfer points (14) under which support elements (15) can be arranged, wherein the shear barrier means (12) have a course which is aligned with the load transfer points (14).

6. Surface body (1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shear barrier means (12) at least partially enclose the load transfer points (14) in a ring-shaped or polygonal shape in their course.

7. Surface body (1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shear locking means (12) have locking strips (16) with locking surfaces (16'), wherein grooves (17) are provided in the surfaces (11) of the surface elements (10) in which the locking strips (16) lie and create the positive locking in the planar plane of the surface elements (10) by the locking surfaces (16') extending in the vertical (V) perpendicular to the first and second planes (E1 and E2).

8. Surface body (1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shear locking means (12) are formed by means of a height topography (18) in the surfaces (11) of the surface elements (10), wherein the height topography (18) in the surfaces (11) of the surface elements (10) of the first level (E1) is complementary to the height topography (18) in the surfaces (11) of the surface elements (10) of the second level (E2) and / or that the height topography (18) in the surfaces (11) of the surface elements (10) has at least one or more height levels (19).

9. Surface body (1 ) according to claim 8, characterized in that the height planes (19) are bordered or limited by means of barrier surfaces (20) which, due to the complementary height topographies (18) formed between the surface elements (10), create the positive locking in the planar plane of the surface elements (10).

10. Surface body (1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shear locking means (12) formed in the surfaces (11) of at least a part of the surface elements (10) between the first plane (E1 ) and the second plane (E2) are joined together or to the surface elements (10) from a vertical (V).

11. Surface body (1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the surface elements (10) are made of wood, of a wood-plastic composite or of a mineral wood mixture or a combination thereof, in particular by combining several surface elements (10) made of different materials to form a surface body (1).

12. Surface body (1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shear locking means (12) in their geometric design have a height which corresponds to 2% to 30% and / or 5% to 25% and / or 10% to 20% of the thickness of the surface body (1).

13. Surface body (1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the joints (21) between the surface elements (10) form a joint profile (22) which is offset from each other and / or perpendicular to each other between the surface elements (10) of the first plane (E1) and the surface elements (10) of the second plane (E2).

14. Surface body (1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the joint of the surface elements (10) against each other forms a joint profile (21) which is independent of the profile of the shear barrier means (12).

15. Method for producing a planar body (1), in particular a floor slab of a building, comprising several planar elements (10), wherein the method comprises at least the following steps: - Introducing shear barrier devices (12) into the surfaces (11) of at least part of the surface elements (10) between the first plane (E1) and the second plane (E2), - Arrange the surface elements (10) in the first plane (E1) and in the second plane (E2) from a vertical (V) on top of each other, forming a planar interlock between the Surface elements (10) in the two planes (E1 , E2) by the shear barrier means (12), and - Preventing the surface elements (10) from sliding onto each other and forming monolith-like properties of the surface bodies (1 ).

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