Terminal, wireless communication method, and base station

Abstract

A terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure comprises: a reception unit that receives a first setting of a first maximum number of timing advance groups (TAGs) that can be set in a first cell, and a second setting of a second maximum number of TAGs that can be set in a second cell included in the first cell; and a control unit that assumes on the basis of the first setting that no more than the first maximum number of TAGs are set in the first cell, and assumes on the basis of the second setting that no more than the second maximum number of TAGs are set in the second cell. According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, even when transmission and reception points are densely arranged, timing advances / timing advance groups can be appropriately set / applied.

Description

Terminal, wireless communication method and base station

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a terminal, a wireless communication method, and a base station in a next-generation mobile communication system.

[0002] Long Term Evolution (LTE) has been specified for the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) network with the aim of achieving higher data rates and lower latency (Non-Patent Document 1). Also, LTE-Advanced (3GPP Rel. 10-14) has been specified with the aim of achieving higher capacity and more advanced features than LTE (Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP (registered trademark)) Release (Rel.) 8, 9).

[0003] Successor systems to LTE (e.g., 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G+ (plus), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), New Radio (NR), 3GPP Rel. 15 or later, etc.) are also being considered.

[0004] 3GPP TS 36.300 V8.12.0 “Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2 (Release 8)”, April 2010

[0005] In future wireless communication systems, technologies (e.g., cell-free) that can increase the placement density of transmission / reception points (TRPs) per cell may be applied.

[0006] However, there has been insufficient consideration on how to specify the setting / application of Timing Advance (TA) / Timing Advance Group (TAG) for terminals (which may also be called terminals, user terminals, user equipment (UE)), etc., suitable for high-density TRP allocation. If this consideration is insufficient, there is a risk that further improvement in communication throughput using high-density TRP allocation will be suppressed.

[0007] Therefore, one of the objectives of the present disclosure is to provide a terminal, a wireless communication method, and a base station that can appropriately set / apply timing advance / timing advance groups even when transmitting / receiving points are densely arranged.

[0008] A terminal according to one aspect of the present disclosure has a receiving unit that receives a first setting of a first maximum number of timing advance groups (TAGs) that can be set in a first cell and a second setting of a second maximum number of TAGs that can be set in a second cell included in the first cell, and a control unit that assumes, based on the first setting, that a number of TAGs equal to or less than the first maximum number will be set in the first cell, and that, based on the second setting, assumes that a number of TAGs equal to or less than the second maximum number will be set in the second cell.

[0009] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, even when transmitting and receiving points are densely arranged, timing advances / timing advance groups can be appropriately set / applied.

[0010] FIGS. 1A and 1B are diagrams illustrating an overview of MIMO. FIG. 2A is a diagram illustrating an overview of a cellular system. FIG. 2B is a diagram illustrating an overview of a cell-free system. FIG. 3A is a diagram illustrating an example of an overview of Assumption 1 of a cell-free configuration. FIG. 3B is a diagram illustrating an example of an overview of Assumption 2 of a cell-free configuration. FIG. 3C is a diagram illustrating another example of an overview of Assumption 2 of a cell-free configuration. FIGS. 4A to 4E are diagrams illustrating an example of TAG / TA setting according to the second embodiment. FIGS. 5A to 5I are diagrams illustrating an example of TAG setting according to the second embodiment. FIGS. 6A to 6D are diagrams illustrating an example of TAG setting according to the second embodiment. FIGS. 7A to 7C are diagrams illustrating an example of TAG setting according to the second embodiment. FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of TAG setting / maintenance according to embodiment 3-1. FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating another example of TAG setting / maintenance according to embodiment 3-1. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating another example of TAG setting / maintenance according to embodiment 3-2. FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating another example of TAG setting / maintenance according to embodiment 3-2. Fig. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment. Fig. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a base station according to an embodiment. Fig. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a user terminal according to an embodiment. Fig. 15 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware configuration of a base station and a user terminal according to an embodiment. Fig. 16 is a diagram illustrating an example of a vehicle according to an embodiment.

[0011] (Cell-free) Existing wireless communication systems (e.g., 5G NR) have adopted a cellular system in which one cell is formed by one antenna / transmitting / receiving point (TRP). The area formed by the cell is a fixed / static area.

[0012] In addition, existing wireless communication systems (e.g., Rel. 16 and later) have introduced distributed multi-input multi-output (Distributed MIMO, e.g., multi-TRP using multiple TRPs), which forms a communication area using the coverage of multiple antennas / TRPs. Distributed MIMO allows simultaneous communication using multiple antennas / TRPs and communication using one antenna / TRP.

[0013] By adopting distributed MIMO, it is possible to create a more favorable line-of-sight environment and improve MIMO performance.

[0014] 1A and 1B are diagrams illustrating an overview of MIMO. Fig. 1A illustrates an example of co-located MIMO. In co-located MIMO, one UE communicates with one antenna / TRP.

[0015] On the other hand, Figure 1B illustrates an example of distributed MIMO, in which one UE communicates with multiple antennas / TRPs in cooperation with each other.

[0016] In future wireless communication systems (e.g., Rel. 20 and later), the introduction of cell-free communication is being considered with the aim of further improving performance and energy efficiency through reducing interference between multiple antennas / TRPs, creating a line-of-sight environment for high-frequency use, improving frequency utilization efficiency throughout the system, and applying equal, high-quality communication to each user.

[0017] Self-Free may also be referred to as cell-free massive MIMO (mMIMO) or large-scale distributed MIMO (D-MIMO). Self-Free uses coherent cooperation of multiple access points. Self-Free may include at least one of ultra-dense deployment, scalable cooperation, user-centric clustering, super-carrier aggregation, and analog fronthaul. The user plane for cell-free may perform more flexible scheduling than existing scheduling. The control plane for cell-free may retain some form of cell to facilitate signaling.

[0018] In cell-free, unlike conventional cellular systems, one area (which may be called a cell / sub-cell, etc.) may be formed by multiple antennas / TRPs. In other words, the area may mean a cell that is independent of the location of the antenna / TRP.

[0019] In cell-free, the set of antennas / TRPs used to form a coverage area may be changed according to the needs of UEs. For example, the set of antennas / TRPs may be changed based on the number of UEs, the number of traffic, communication purposes (e.g., initial access, data communication, measurement, reporting, etc.), etc., rather than the coverage of the antennas / TRPs.

[0020] In other words, in cell-free, the coverage between multiple antennas / TRPs may overlap.

[0021] In cell-free mode, the direction in which a synchronization signal (which may also be called, for example, a synchronization signal block (SSB), a synchronization signal / physical broadcast channel (SS / PBCH) block, etc.) is transmitted may be controlled for each antenna / TRP.

[0022] In addition, in cell-free, a central unit (CU) / distributed unit (DU) may be virtualized for each antenna, or each antenna may be managed by only the CU.

[0023] Fig. 2A is a diagram showing an overview of a cellular system, in which cells formed by each antenna / TRP are shown, and UEs communicate based on these cells.

[0024] On the other hand, Figure 2B is a diagram showing an overview of a cell-free system. In the example shown in Figure 2B, the installed antennas / TRPs do not form fixed / static cells in a cellular system. As shown in Figure 2B, in a cell-free system, one or more antennas / TRPs form areas according to conditions. Therefore, in a cell-free system, each antenna / TRP does not need to correspond to the same physical cell ID, and the areas between multiple antennas / TRPs may overlap.

[0025] Self-regulation may be achieved, for example, by coordinating a set of antennas / TRPs controlled by a central control unit (e.g., CU).

[0026] In a cell-free system, a first cell (which may be called, for example, a cell / super cell / macro cell / large cell, etc.) with a fixed physical range like a cell in a 5G NR system, and a second cell (which may be called, for example, a subcell / area / micro cell / cell / small cell / second cell within the first cell, etc.) with a quasi-static / dynamic physical range that varies based on conditions may be formed.

[0027] For example, a first cell may be referred to as a supercell to distinguish it from a second cell. When a supercell is composed of multiple second cells, the second cells may have the same definition / operation / coverage as existing cells in NR. For example, a second cell may be referred to as a subcell to distinguish it from a first cell. When a supercell or a cell is composed of multiple subcells, the subcells may have the same definition / operation / coverage as existing cells in NR.

[0028] The first cell may be a cell that is newly defined in a future wireless communication system, or may be a cell defined in an existing wireless communication system that is reused.

[0029] The configurations of the first cell and the second cell can be considered under the following assumptions 1 and 2: Assumption 1: The first cell is composed of multiple TRPs with a single cell ID (physical cell ID (PCI)). The multiple TRPs can transmit and receive in coordination. Assumption 2: The first cell is composed of multiple TRPs (or sub-cells) with different cell IDs. The multiple TRPs / sub-cells can transmit and receive in coordination.

[0030] 3A is a diagram showing an example of the outline of the cell-free configuration assumption 1. In the example shown in FIG. 3A, each TRP included in the first cell (super cell / cell) has the same PCI (PCI #0). Multiple TRPs can communicate with one UE in a coordinated manner.

[0031] Figure 3B is a diagram showing an example of the outline of the cell-free configuration assumption 2. In the example shown in Figure 3B, each TRP included in the first cell (super cell / cell) has a different PCI (PCI #0 to #9). Multiple TRPs can communicate cooperatively with one UE.

[0032] Figure 3C is a diagram showing another example of the outline of the cell-free configuration assumption 2. In the example shown in Figure 3C, a PCI is assigned to each TRP included in the first cell (supercell / cell). In the example shown in Figure 3C, unlike the example in Figure 3B, the same PCI may correspond to multiple TRPs. Multiple TRPs can communicate cooperatively with one UE.

[0033] Transmission / reception with TRP / subcell coordination may be based on at least one of the following schemes supported in NR: - Transmission of a single TRP / subcell with dynamic TRP / subcell switching (single-TRP transmission). - Joint transmission using multiple TRPs / subcells (multi-TRP joint transmission). The joint transmission may be based on a single DCI or multiple DCIs. The joint transmission may be non-coherent joint transmission (NCJT) or coherent joint transmission (CJT).

[0034] For cell-free, assuming ideal backhaul and tight coordination, in the joint transmission scheme, CJT may be prioritized over NCJT, and single DCI-based joint transmission may be prioritized over multi-DCI-based joint transmission.

[0035] Selfly can realize large-scale distributed MIMO, low layer (e.g., L2 / L1) mobility, and flexible TRP clustering. For example, when applied to ultra-high density TRP, cell / TRP clustering for mobility / control and data can be separated.

[0036] The cell-free approach has the following features: - It can increase the TRP deployment density per cell, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for all UEs, including those in conventional cell edge areas. - It can realize flexible (e.g., UE-centric) TRP clustering for cell construction, thereby reducing the number of UEs affected by inter-cell / inter-TRP interference. - It can realize mobility at lower layers. Since more TRPs can be considered in one clustering, seamless mobility can be achieved, for example, by operating at the L1 level.

[0037] For selfies, the following concepts 1 or 2 may be applied.

[0038] <Concept 1> Selfry selects multiple TRPs / access points (APs), and transmission / reception with the TRPs / APs targets only data (e.g., PDSCH / PUSCH) (e.g., at the physical / MAC layer). In this case, cell selection, initial access, and mobility are not significantly affected compared to existing methods. LTM (L1L2-triggered mobility, e.g., LTM before Rel. 18) may be reused, or enhanced LTM functionality may be implemented. L1 measurement / reporting or extended SRS transmission for multiple TRPs / APs selection, CSI measurement / reporting or extended SRS transmission for CSI of TRPs / APs in different clusters, etc. may be implemented.

[0039] Concept 2: Selection of multiple TRPs / APs and transmission / reception with TRPs / APs covers both control channels / signals (e.g., in RRC) and data (e.g., PDSCH / PUSCH) (e.g., in the physical / MAC layer).

[0040] In this case, compared to existing methods, there are impacts on cell selection, initial access, and mobility in addition to the measurement / reporting of data L1 / CSI in Concept 1. For example, since a UE needs to access multiple TRPs / APs during initial access, SSB / SI / RACH also need to be redesigned.

[0041] When clustering multiple TRPs / APs for control channels / signaling and data, the clustering method (e.g., TRPs / APs in a cluster) may be the same or different, which may have potential impacts when clustering multiple DUs / CUs that are not in the same geographical location.

[0042] <CCs of Different Frequencies (Carrier Aggregation (CA) Scenario)> Selfry may be applied to CCs of different frequencies (CA scenario). The above multiple TRPs / APs may be processed individually for each CC or jointly across multiple CCs. For example, clustering and scheduling may take into account both the TRP dimension and the CC dimension.

[0043] (Analysis) Incidentally, there are cases where detailed settings in the cell-free configuration described above (for example, setting / application of timing advance (TA) / timing advance group (TAG)) are not sufficiently considered.

[0044] In existing wireless communication systems (for example, up to Rel. 18), a TAG is set for a TA in a CA. Up to four TAGs can be set for one cell group.

[0045] In a single TRP serving cell, one TAG is configured for the serving cell.

[0046] In a serving cell for multiple TRPs, two TAGs can be configured for the serving cell, one TAG for one TRP by configuring an association between the TAG and the TRP / TCI state / CORESET pool / RS.

[0047] However, in the cell-free configuration, there has been insufficient consideration as to how many tags can be configured (i.e., the maximum number of tags) (Issue 1).

[0048] Also, there may be many TRPs / secondary cells in the first cell (super-cell), while the UE is only in the coverage of the secondary cells / TRP clusters at a given time, so the UE needs to maintain / save / store TAs for the TRP clusters, and also needs to consider the configuration / activation of TAGs / TAs and the association between TRPs and TAGs.

[0049] However, the granularity of TAG / TA setting / application is not sufficiently considered (Issue 2). For example, different TAG / TAs can be applied to different TCI states within a TRP, or the same TAG / TA can be applied to some / all TCI states within a TRP, but this application is not sufficiently considered. Also, different TAG / TAs or the same TAG / TA can be applied to different TRPs within a cell / TRP cluster, but this application is not sufficiently considered.

[0050] In addition, in the cell-free configuration, it is expected that communications using more TRPs than in the existing system will be performed, and that TRP switching will be frequent. Therefore, there may be cases where the UE / NW does not need to maintain the TA for the deactivated TRP / TRP cluster / cell / TCI state, but there has been insufficient consideration of the UE / NW operation in this case (e.g., setting a TAG for the UE, maintaining the TAG setting, etc.) (Issue 3).

[0051] In addition, there has been insufficient consideration given to how TA is obtained (Issue 4).

[0052] If these considerations are not sufficient, it may not be possible to perform appropriate communication in a cell-free configuration that takes into account the distance between the UE and the TRP, which may hinder improvement in communication throughput.

[0053] Therefore, the present inventors came up with a method for solving this problem.

[0054] Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Wireless communication methods according to the embodiments may be applied independently or in combination.

[0055] (Various Reinterpretations) In the present disclosure, a word enclosed in "( )" in a sentence may indicate an explanation of the word immediately preceding it (for example, an explanation of spelling), a paraphrase, a specific example, a supplementary explanation, etc. Furthermore, in the present disclosure, a word enclosed in "[ ]" in a sentence may be interpreted including the word in the meaning of the entire sentence, or may be interpreted excluding (ignoring) the word in the meaning of the entire sentence. Note that "( )" and "[ ]" may also be used for purposes / meanings other than those mentioned above.

[0056] In the present disclosure, "A / B" and "at least one of A and B" may be interpreted interchangeably. Also, in the present disclosure, "A / B / C" may mean "at least one of A, B, and C."

[0057] In the present disclosure, terms such as notify, activate, deactivate, indicate (or indicate), select, configure, update, and determine may be read interchangeably. In the present disclosure, terms such as support, control, controllable, operate, and operate may be read interchangeably.

[0058] In the present disclosure, Radio Resource Control (RRC), RRC parameters, RRC messages, higher layer parameters, fields, information elements (IEs), settings, etc. may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, Medium Access Control (MAC) control elements (CEs), update commands, activation / deactivation commands, etc. may be interchangeable.

[0059] In the present disclosure, the higher layer signaling may be, for example, any one of Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information, other messages (e.g., messages from the core network such as positioning protocol (e.g., NR Positioning Protocol A (NRPPa) / LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP)) messages), or a combination thereof.

[0060] In the present disclosure, MAC signaling may use, for example, a MAC Control Element (MAC CE), a MAC Protocol Data Unit (PDU), etc. Broadcast information may be, for example, a Master Information Block (MIB), a System Information Block (SIB), Remaining Minimum System Information (RMSI), Other System Information (OSI), etc.

[0061] In the present disclosure, physical layer signaling may be, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI), and the like.

[0062] In the present disclosure, the following terms are used: SRS [resource [set]], SSB, CSI-RS, DMRS, TRS, DL-RS, UL-RS, panel, UE panel, panel group, beam, beam group, precoder, Uplink (UL) transmitting entity, Transmission / Reception Point (TRP), TRP ID, base station, Spatial Relation Information (SRI), Spatial Relation, SRS Resource Indicator (SRI), Control Resource Set (CONTROLLER RESEARCH SET (CORESET)), Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), Codeword (CW), Transport Block (TB), Reference Signal (RS), Antenna Port (e.g., Demodulation Reference Signal (DRM)), The terms "DMRS (Distributed Modem Radio Resources) port," "antenna port group" (e.g., DMRS port group), "group" (e.g., spatial relationship group, Code Division Multiplexing (CDM) group, reference signal group, CORESET group, Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) group, PUCCH resource group), "resource" (e.g., reference signal resource, SRS resource), "resource set" (e.g., reference signal resource set), CORESET pool, "Transmission Configuration Indication state" (TCI state), "downlink TCI state" (DL TCI state), "uplink TCI state" (UL TCI state), "unified TCI state," "common TCI state," "indicated TCI state," "Quasi-Co-Location (QCL)," "QCL assumption," and the like may be read interchangeably.

[0063] In the present disclosure, the terms frequency, carrier frequency, band, component carrier (CC), absolute radio-frequency channel number (ARFCN), bandwidth portion (BWP), partial bandwidth, etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0064] In the present disclosure, L1-RSRP, L1-SINR, L1-RSRQ, L3-RSRP, L3-SINR, L3-RSRQ, and filtered / extended L1 measurements (results), etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0065] In the present disclosure, the terms channel, signal, reference signal (RS), function, etc. may be interpreted interchangeably. In the present disclosure, a function may mean an operation / control using a specific channel / signal, or may mean the specific channel / signal.

[0066] In the present disclosure, at least one of a TRP, a beam, a set / group of beams, a reference signal (RS), an SSB, a synchronization signal, a CSI-RS, and other / any RS may be a CORESET group in multiple DCIs.

[0067] In the present disclosure, initial access, initial access procedure, random access procedure, random access channel (RACH) procedure, RACH, random access, RRC reconnection, RRC reconnection procedure, etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0068] (Wireless Communication Method) A plurality of second cells / TRPs may be set in a first cell (for example, a super cell).

[0069] The second cell may correspond to one or more TRPs (TRP clusters) and may correspond to one or more carrier configurations.

[0070] The first cell may correspond to one or more Distributed Units (DUs) / Central Units (CUs) / Carrier Configuration Sets.

[0071] In the present disclosure, a carrier configuration may refer to a radio resource configuration for one or more frequency carriers, and a carrier configuration set may refer to a set including multiple carrier configurations.

[0072] The carrier configuration / carrier configuration set may be transmitted, for example, using SIB / RRC signaling.

[0073] One or more second cells / TRPs within the same TAG may be subject to the same TA for UL transmission timing adjustment.

[0074] First Embodiment The first embodiment relates to the maximum number of TAGs in the first / second cell.

[0075] The maximum number of TAGs (that can be configured) in the first cell may be set.

[0076] The UE may assume / determine that no more than the maximum number of TAGs are configured in the first cell.

[0077] The maximum number may be, for example, 4, 8, or 16 (or a larger number), or 2 ｎ or 2 ｎ It does not have to be a number expressed as:

[0078] The maximum number may be set based on the number of second cells / TRPs configured in the first cell, for example, so that an appropriate number of TAGs can be configured.

[0079] For example, if the number of second cells / TRPs in the first cell is less than (or equal to or less than) a certain number (e.g., N), the maximum number may be a first number (e.g., X). If the number of second cells / TRPs in the first cell is equal to (or greater than) a certain number (e.g., N), the maximum number may be a second number (e.g., Y).

[0080] Also, for example, if the number of second cells / TRPs in a first cell is N and the maximum number of TAGs in a second cell is Y, the maximum number of TAGs in the first cell may be N*Y, where Y may be the same or different for each second cell.

[0081] The UE may report the maximum number of TAGs in the first cell as UE capability, so that an appropriate number of TAGs can be configured.

[0082] The maximum number of TAGs (that can be configured) in the second cell may be configured.

[0083] The UE may assume / determine that no more than the maximum number of TAGs are configured in the second cell.

[0084] The maximum number may be, for example, 1, 2, or 4 (or a larger number), or 2 ｎ or 2 ｎ It does not have to be a number expressed as:

[0085] The maximum number may be set based on the number of TRPs configured in the second cell, for example, so that an appropriate number of TAGs can be configured.

[0086] For example, if one TRP (single TRP) is configured for the second cell, the maximum number may be one.

[0087] For example, if multiple TRPs (multi-TRP) are configured for the second cell, the maximum number may be two or more (e.g., two).

[0088] For example, when N or more (e.g., N is 3 or more) TRPs (multi-TRP) are configured for the second cell, the maximum number may be a specific number (e.g., X).

[0089] The UE may report the maximum number of TAGs in the second cell as UE capability, so that an appropriate number of TAGs can be configured.

[0090] The number (maximum number) of TRPs may be determined based on a specific method.

[0091] For example, the number / maximum number of TRPs may mean the number / maximum number of TRPs that a UE can simultaneously transmit / receive / connect to.

[0092] For example, the number / maximum number of TRPs may mean the number / maximum number of TRPs that are activated.

[0093] The activation of the TRP will be described in detail in the third embodiment.

[0094] When the TRP (used / activated) is switched, the TAG / TAG ID / TA may be re-indexed / updated.

[0095] According to the first embodiment described above, the maximum number of tags in the first / second cell can be appropriately defined, which can contribute to solving the above-mentioned issue 1.

[0096] Second Embodiment The second embodiment relates to the granularity of tag settings.

[0097] The UE may configure a TAG for each TRP, for multiple TRPs (TRP clusters) / secondary cells, or for each primary cell.

[0098] The UE may determine the TA to apply to each TRP / TRP cluster / second cell / first cell based on the configured TAG.

[0099] There may be one or more TAGs per TRP / TRP cluster / second cell / first cell.

[0100] For example, for multiple TCI states in one TRP, different (e.g., different) TAGs may be set / applied for different TCI states, and different (e.g., different) TAs may be set / applied for different TCI states (see Figure 4A).

[0101] For example, for multiple TCI states in one TRP, the same TAG / TA may be set / applied to some / all of the TCI states (see Figure 4B).

[0102] For example, for multiple TCI states / TRPs in one TRP cluster / second cell, different (e.g., different) TAGs may be set / applied to different TCI states / TRPs, and different (e.g., different) TAs may be set / applied to different TCI states / TRPs (see Figure 4C).

[0103] For example, for multiple TCI states / TRPs in one TRP cluster / second cell, the same TAG / TA may be set / applied to some / all of the TCI states / TRPs (see Figure 4D).

[0104] For example, for multiple TRP clusters / second cells / TCI states / TRPs in one first cell, different (e.g., different) TAGs may be set / applied to different TRP clusters / second cells / TCI states / TRPs, and different (e.g., different) TAs may be set / applied to different TRP clusters / second cells / TCI states / TRPs (see Figure 4E).

[0105] A TAG configuration (eg, the RRC parameter TAG) may be identified using a TAG ID (eg, the RRC parameter TAG-Id) contained within a particular configuration / parameter / information element.

[0106] The specific configuration / parameter / information element in question may be at least one of the following: - TCI state configuration (e.g., RRC parameter TCI-state (see Fig. 5A)); - (if a new parameter is introduced) TRP configuration (e.g., new RRC parameter TRPConfig (see Fig. 5B)); - Serving cell configuration (e.g., RRC parameter ServingCellConfig (see Fig. 5C) / ServingCellConfigCommon (see Fig. 5D)); - Candidate cell configuration (e.g., RRC parameter CandidateCellConfig (see Fig. 5E)); - (if a new parameter is introduced) TRP cluster configuration (e.g., new RRC parameter TRPClusterConfig (see Fig. 5F)); - Carrier configuration (e.g., RRC parameter CarrierConfig (see Fig. 5G)); - Carrier configuration set (e.g., RRC parameter CarrierConfigSet (see Fig. 5H)); - DU configuration (e.g., RRC parameter DUConfig (see Fig. 5I)).

[0107] An information element related to a TAG configuration (e.g., the RRC parameter TAG) may include at least one of the following parameters: - TAG ID (e.g., the RRC parameter TAG-Id); - (associated) multiple TCI state IDs (e.g., a set of RRC parameters TCI-State-Id (see Fig. 6A)); - (associated) multiple TRP IDs (e.g., a set of RRC parameters TRP-Id (see Fig. 6B)); - (associated) multiple serving cell IDs (e.g., a set of RRC parameters cell-Id (see Fig. 6C)); - (associated) multiple candidate cell IDs (e.g., a set of RRC parameters cell-Id (see Fig. 6C)); - (associated) multiple TRP cluster IDs (e.g., a set of RRC parameters TRP-Cluster-Id (see Fig. 6D)); - (associated) multiple carrier (configuration) IDs (e.g., a set of RRC parameters carrier-Id (see Fig. 7A)). (Associated) multiple carrier (configuration) set IDs (e.g., a set of RRC parameter carrierSet-Id (see FIG. 7B)); (Associated) multiple DU IDs (e.g., a set of RRC parameter DU-Id (see FIG. 7C)).

[0108] According to the second embodiment described above, the granularity of the tag settings can be appropriately defined, which can contribute to solving the above-mentioned issue 2.

[0109] <Third Embodiment> The third embodiment relates to the number / maintenance of TAGs set in a UE.

[0110] The third embodiment is roughly divided into the following embodiments 3-1 and 3-2. The following embodiments 3-1 and 3-2 may be used independently or in combination. Settings corresponding to the following embodiments 3-1 and 3-2 are defined, and the UE may switch between modes corresponding to the following embodiments 3-1 and 3-2 based on the settings.

[0111] <<Embodiment 3-1>> A TAG may be set for each TRP in the first cell / second cell / TRP cluster / TCI state.

[0112] Only the TAG associated with the activated (active) TRP / second cell / TRP cluster / TCI state may be activated.

[0113] The UE may maintain / save / store [only] TAs corresponding to activated (active) TAGs / TRPs / secondary cells / TRP clusters / TCI states.

[0114] A maximum number of activated TAGs may be defined / set.

[0115] A maximum number of TAs that are maintained / saved / stored by the UE corresponding to activated (active) TAGs / TRPs / secondary cells / TRP clusters / TCI states may be specified / configured.

[0116] The maximum number of TAGs / TAs may be, for example, 4 (or a smaller / larger number), or 2 ｎ or 2 ｎ It does not have to be a number expressed as:

[0117] The UE may report the maximum number of TAGs / TAs as UE capabilities.

[0118] The UE may assume that TAGs with different indices correspond to different TRPs / secondary cells / TRP clusters / TCI states.

[0119] 8 is a diagram showing an example of setting / maintaining TAGs according to embodiment 3-1. In the example shown in FIG. 8, a separate TAG (ID) is set for each TRP. The UE transmits and receives data to and from TRPs to which TAGs #6, #7, #12, and #13 are set (the UE is located within the coverage of the TRP). At this time, TAGs #6, #7, #12, and #13 are activated (other TAGs are deactivated), and the UE maintains / saves / stores the TAs corresponding to these TAGs (TAs corresponding to other TAGs are not maintained / saves / stored).

[0120] Then, as the UE moves, it transmits and receives data to and from the TRPs to which TAGs #8, #9, #13, and #14 are set (the UE is located within the coverage of the TRPs). At this time, TAGs #6, #7, #12, and #13 are activated (other TAGs are deactivated), and the UE maintains / saves / stores the TAs corresponding to these TAGs.

[0121] The UE may also assume that TAGs with a common index are allowed to correspond to different TRPs / secondary cells / TRP clusters / TCI states.

[0122] 9 is a diagram showing another example of setting / maintaining TAGs according to embodiment 3-1. In the example shown in FIG. 9, a separate TAG (ID) is set for each TRP cluster (multiple TRPs). The UE transmits and receives data to and from the TRP cluster to which TAG #1 is set (the UE is located within the coverage of the TRP cluster). At this time, TAG #1 is activated (other TAGs are deactivated), and the UE maintains / saves / stores the TA corresponding to this TAG (TAs corresponding to other TAGs are not maintained / saves / stored).

[0123] Then, as the UE moves, it transmits and receives data to and from the TRP cluster to which TAG #5 is set (the UE is located within the coverage of the TRP cluster). At this time, TAG #5 is activated (other TAGs are deactivated), and the UE maintains / saves / stores the TA corresponding to this TAG (TAs corresponding to other TAGs are not maintained / saves / stores).

[0124] According to embodiment 3-1, more TAGs can be set in the first cell, and there is no need to reset TAGs / TAs as the UE moves.

[0125] <<Embodiment 3-2>> A TAG may be set [only] for an activated (active) TRP / second cell / TRP cluster / TCI state in a first cell.

[0126] For example, a TAG ID may be assigned / associated with a TRP / second cell / TRP cluster / TCI state within a TRP / second cell / TRP cluster / TCI state activation / switching command (e.g., MAC CE / DCI).

[0127] Also, for example, the TAG ID (for each activated TRP / second cell / TRP cluster / TCI state) may be provided / configured in separate signaling.

[0128] When a TRP / secondary cell / TRP cluster / TCI state is deactivated, the association of that TRP / secondary cell / TRP cluster / TCI state and the TAG may be released.

[0129] The UE may maintain / save / store [only] TAs corresponding to activated (active) TAGs / TRPs / secondary cells / TCI states.

[0130] A maximum number of activated TAGs may be defined / set.

[0131] A maximum number of TAs maintained / saved / stored by the UE corresponding to activated (active) TAG / TRP / second cell / TCI states may be specified / configured.

[0132] The maximum number of TAGs / TAs may be, for example, 4 (or a smaller / larger number), or 2 ｎ or 2 ｎ It does not have to be a number expressed as:

[0133] The UE may report the maximum number of TAGs / TAs as UE capabilities.

[0134] Figure 10 is a diagram showing an example of setting / maintaining TAGs according to embodiment 3-2. In the example shown in Figure 10, a separate TAG (ID) is set for each TRP. The UE transmits and receives data to and from TRPs to which TAGs #0, #1, #2, and #3 are set (the UE is located within the coverage of the TRP). At this time, the TRP is active, the other TRPs are inactive, and TAGs #0, #1, #2, and #3 are activated (no other TAGs are set / indicated). The UE maintains / saves / stores TAs corresponding to these TAGs.

[0135] Then, as the UE moves, it transmits and receives data to and from the TRPs to which the re-configured / re-indexed TAGs #0, #1, #2, and #3 are configured (the UE is located within the coverage of the TRPs). At this time, the TRPs are active, the other TRPs are inactive, and TAGs #0, #1, #2, and #3 are activated (no other TAGs are configured / indicated (released)). The UE maintains / saves / stores the TAs corresponding to these TAGs.

[0136] Figure 11 is a diagram showing another example of setting / maintaining TAGs according to embodiment 3-2. In the example shown in Figure 11, a TAG (ID) is set for each TRP cluster. The UE transmits and receives data to and from the TRP cluster to which TAG #0 is set (the UE is located within the coverage of the TRP cluster). At this time, the TRP cluster (and TRPs within the TRP cluster) is active, the other TRP clusters / TRPs are inactive, and TAG #0 is activated (no other TAGs are set / indicated). The UE maintains / saves / stores the TAs corresponding to these TAGs.

[0137] Then, as the UE moves, it transmits and receives to the TRP cluster to which the re-configured / re-indexed TAG#0 is assigned (the UE is located within the coverage of the TRP cluster). At this time, the TRP cluster (and the TRPs in the TRP cluster) are active, the other TRP clusters / TRPs are inactive, and TAG#0 is activated (no other TAGs are configured / indicated (released)). The UE maintains / saves / stores the TAs corresponding to these TAGs.

[0138] According to embodiment 3-2, signaling overhead can be reduced by setting TAGs only for the TRP / TRP cluster / second cell where the UE transmits and receives data.

[0139] According to the third embodiment, the number of tags to be set in a UE and the number of tags to be maintained can be appropriately defined.

[0140] <Fourth embodiment> The fourth embodiment relates to maintaining a TA corresponding to a deactivated TRP / TRP cluster / second cell / TCI state.

[0141] A TA may be obtained for the deactivated TRP / TRP cluster / second cell / TCI state.

[0142] <<Embodiment 4-1>> The TA of the deactivated TRP / TRP cluster / second cell / TCI state may be maintained / saved / stored [only] in the NW (NW node).

[0143] The UE may not be required to maintain / save / store the TA of the deactivated TRP / TRP cluster / second cell / TCI state.

[0144] For example, the NW may indicate a TA for the TRP / second cell / TRP cluster / TCI state in an activation / switching command (e.g., MAC CE / DCI) for the [deactive] TRP / TRP cluster / second cell / TCI state.

[0145] Also, for example, the NW may indicate the TA (for each [deactive] TRP / second cell / TRP cluster / TCI state) using separate signaling.

[0146] <<Embodiment 4-2>> The UE may maintain / save / store the TA of the deactivated TRP / TRP cluster / second cell / TCI state.

[0147] The maximum number of TAs that can be maintained / saved / stored by the UE for deactivated (deactivated) TRPs / TRP clusters / second cells / TCI states may be specified / configured.

[0148] The maximum number of TAs may be, for example, 8 (or a smaller / larger number), or 2 ｎ or 2 ｎ It does not have to be a number expressed as:

[0149] The UE may report the maximum number of TAs as UE capability.

[0150] A total maximum number of TAs that can be maintained / saved / stored by the UE for activated (active) and deactivated (deactivated) TRPs / TRP clusters / secondary cells / TCI states may be specified / configured.

[0151] The total maximum number of TAs may be, for example, 8 (or a smaller / larger number), or 2 ｎ or 2 ｎ It does not have to be a number expressed as:

[0152] The UE may report the total maximum number of such TAs as the UE capability.

[0153] A minimum number of TAs that can be maintained / saved / stored by the UE for deactivated (deactivated) TRPs / TRP clusters / second cells / TCI states may be specified / configured.

[0154] The maximum number of TAs may be, for example, 1 (or a larger number), or 2 ｎ or 2 ｎ It does not have to be a number expressed as:

[0155] The UE may report the total minimum number of such TAs as the UE capability.

[0156] According to the above fourth embodiment, by maintaining the TA corresponding to the deactivated (deactivated) TRP / TRP cluster / second cell / TCI state, more efficient communication is possible without the need for reconfiguration, etc.

[0157] Fifth Embodiment The fifth embodiment relates to a method for obtaining / instructing a TA.

[0158] In the present disclosure, TA and TA value may be read interchangeably.

[0159] In the fifth embodiment, for example, a PRACH (the first message in the initial access procedure) may be transmitted for at least one TRP.

[0160] The TA for the TAG / TRP / second cell / TRP cluster may be obtained / indicated by an initial access procedure (e.g., a RACH procedure), and the UE may perform UL transmission based on the TA.

[0161] The initial access procedure / RACH procedure may be at least one of the following: UE initiated RACH, PDCCH order RACH, contention based RACH, contention free RACH.

[0162] At least one of the initial access procedures / RACH procedures may be applied to at least one of obtaining / indicating the TA of the TAG / TRP / second cell / TRP cluster to be activated (active) and obtaining / indicating the TA of the TAG / TRP / second cell / TRP cluster to be deactivated (deactivated).

[0163] A common / separate initial access procedure / RACH procedure may be applied to the acquisition / indication of the TA of the activated (active) TAG / TRP / second cell / TRP cluster and the acquisition / indication of the TA of the deactivated (deactivated) TAG / TRP / second cell / TRP cluster.

[0164] Furthermore, with regard to the options / choices in this embodiment, a common option / choice may be applied to obtaining / instructing a TA for an activated (active) TAG / TRP / second cell / TRP cluster and obtaining / instructing a TA for a deactivated (deactivated) TAG / TRP / second cell / TRP cluster, or separate options / choices may be applied.

[0165] <<Option 5-1>> The first message (eg, PRACH) in the initial access procedure may be transmitted for one TRP.

[0166] The TA value may be provided / configured / indicated by at least one of the following: - Second message in the initial access procedure (e.g. Random Access Response (RAR) [associated PDCCH / PDSCH]), - Absolute TA command MAC CE (indicating an [absolute] TA value), - Activation command / switching command of TRP / second cell / TRP cluster / TCI state.

[0167] <<<Option 5-1-1>>> The TAG ID does not have to be provided / set / indicated (at the same time) with the TA value.

[0168] If the first message is sent to a particular TRP, the TA value may be applied to the TAG associated with that particular TRP.

[0169] <<<Option 5-1-2>>> The TAG ID may be provided / set / indicated together with (simultaneously with) the TA value.

[0170] The TAG ID may indicate the identifier / index of the TAG within the first cell / DU / second cell / TRP cluster / carrier configuration / carrier configuration set / cell group.

[0171] When multiple TAGs are configured in the first cell and multiple TAGs are configured in the TRP cluster, for one TAG, the TAG ID for the first cell and the TAG ID for the TRP cluster may be assigned different values.

[0172] For example, if eight TAGs are configured in a first cell and two TAGs are configured in a TRP cluster, one TAG may be assigned a TAG ID for the first cell (e.g., TAG ID = 7) and a TAG ID for the TRP cluster (e.g., TAG ID = 1).

[0173] In addition, the first cell / DU / second cell / TRP cluster / carrier setting / carrier setting set / cell group may be read as interchangeable terms.

[0174] The size of the TAG ID indication may be determined based on the number / maximum number of TAGs in the first cell / DU / second cell / TRP cluster / carrier configuration / carrier configuration set / cell group.

[0175] For example, if the number of tags / maximum number is N, the size of the TAG ID indication is Ceil(log ２ N), or Floor(log ２ N)+1.

[0176] In this disclosure, Ceil(x) may refer to the output of a ceiling function with x as a variable, and Floor(x) may refer to the output of a floor function with x as a variable.

[0177] <<Option 5-2>> The first message (eg, PRACH) in the initial access procedure may be transmitted for multiple TRPs.

[0178] Multiple TA values ​​may be provided / configured / indicated by at least one of the following: - Second message in the initial access procedure (e.g. Random Access Response (RAR) [associated PDCCH / PDSCH]), - Absolute TA command MAC CE (indicating an absolute TA value), - Activation command / switching command of TRP / second cell / TRP cluster / TCI state.

[0179] <<<Option 5-2-1>>> The TAG ID does not have to be provided / set / indicated (at the same time) with the TA value.

[0180] For example, if a first message is sent to a first TRP and a second TRP, each TA value of the multiple TA values ​​may be applied to a TAG associated with the corresponding TRP.

[0181] For example, when a first message is sent to a first TRP, one TA value of the multiple TA values ​​may be applied to a TAG associated with the first TRP.

[0182] For example, if a first message is sent to a second TRP, one TA value of the multiple TA values ​​may be applied to a TAG associated with the second TRP.

[0183] <<<Option 5-2-2>>> Multiple TAG IDs may be provided / configured / indicated (simultaneously) along with multiple TA values.

[0184] The TAG ID may indicate the identifier / index of the TAG within the first cell / DU / second cell / TRP cluster / carrier configuration / carrier configuration set / cell group.

[0185] At least one of the options described in Option 5-1-2 above may be applied as appropriate.

[0186] <<Option 5-3>> The first message (eg, PRACH) in the initial access procedure may be transmitted for multiple TRPs.

[0187] A TA value may be provided / configured / indicated by at least one of the following: - Second message in the initial access procedure (e.g. Random Access Response (RAR) [associated PDCCH / PDSCH]), - Absolute TA command MAC CE (indicating an [absolute] TA value), - Activation command / switching command of TRP / second cell / TRP cluster / TCI state.

[0188] <<<Option 5-3-1>>> The TAG ID does not have to be provided / set / indicated (at the same time) with the TA value.

[0189] For example, if the first message is transmitted to multiple TRPs, one TA value may be applied to a TAG associated with a particular TRP among the multiple TRPs.

[0190] The specific TRP may be determined, for example, by a specific rule.

[0191] The specific rule may be, for example, a rule based on a TRP ID (e.g., a rule in which a TRP with a smaller / larger ID is selected), and may be specified in advance or may be set in advance for the UE.

[0192] <<<Option 5-3-2>>> The TAG ID may be provided / set / indicated together with (simultaneously with) the TA value.

[0193] The TAG ID may indicate the identifier / index of the TAG within the first cell / DU / second cell / TRP cluster / carrier configuration / carrier configuration set / cell group.

[0194] At least one of the options described in Option 5-1-2 above may be applied as appropriate.

[0195] <<Option 5-4>> A TRP may be associated with a specific TA (value).

[0196] A configuration of one first message (e.g., RACH configuration) may be associated with the TRP(s) in which the first message is transmitted.

[0197] In this case, the TRP ID may be derived based on the SSB index associated with the time window (eg, the RAR window) for which the TA is provided by the second message (RAR).

[0198] A first message configuration (e.g., RACH configuration) may be associated with each TRP in which the first message is transmitted.

[0199] In this case, the TRP ID may be derived based on the time window (eg, the RAR window) within which the TA is provided by the second message (RAR).

[0200] The time windows (e.g., RAR windows) for each TRP may not overlap in the time domain.

[0201] The option may be applied to, for example, options 5-2-1 / 5-3-1 above.

[0202] According to the fifth embodiment described above, the method of obtaining / instructing a TA can be appropriately defined, which can contribute to solving the above-mentioned Issue 4.

[0203] Sixth Embodiment The sixth embodiment relates to the TA command MAC CE.

[0204] The UE may be instructed of the value of the TA adjustment (TA value) using the TA command MAC CE.

[0205] The TA command MAC CE may indicate the value of the TA adjustment for a certain TAG.

[0206] The value of the TA adjustment may be provided / set / indicated along with (simultaneously with) the TAG ID.

[0207] The TAG ID may indicate the identifier / index of the TAG within the first cell / DU / second cell / TRP cluster / carrier configuration / carrier configuration set / cell group.

[0208] When multiple TAGs are configured in the first cell and multiple TAGs are configured in the TRP cluster, for one TAG, the TAG ID for the first cell and the TAG ID for the TRP cluster may be assigned different values.

[0209] For example, if eight TAGs are configured in a first cell and two TAGs are configured in a TRP cluster, one TAG may be assigned a TAG ID for the first cell (e.g., TAG ID = 7) and a TAG ID for the TRP cluster (e.g., TAG ID = 1).

[0210] In addition, the first cell / DU / second cell / TRP cluster / carrier setting / carrier setting set / cell group may be read as interchangeable terms.

[0211] The size of the TAG ID indication may be determined based on the number / maximum number of TAGs in the first cell / DU / second cell / TRP cluster / carrier configuration / carrier configuration set / cell group.

[0212] For example, if the number of tags / maximum number is N, the size of the TAG ID indication is Ceil(log ２ N), or Floor(log ２ N)+1.

[0213] According to the sixth embodiment, it is possible to define a TA command MAC CE that is appropriate for a cell-free configuration.

[0214] Seventh Embodiment The seventh embodiment relates to the selection of the TA / TAG to be applied.

[0215] For an UL transmission, the TA / TAG to be applied may be determined based on at least one of the UL transmission's TRP / TCI state / QCL [source] RS / CORESET pool and the association of TAG and TRP / TCI state / QCL [reference] RS / CORESET pool index.

[0216] According to the seventh embodiment, the TA / TAG to be applied can be appropriately determined.

[0217] <Supplementary Information> <<Notification of Information to UE>> In the above-described embodiments, notification of any information to the UE [from a Network (NW) (e.g., a Base Station (BS))] (in other words, reception of any information from the BS by the UE) may be performed using physical layer signaling (e.g., DCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE), a specific signal / channel (e.g., PDCCH, PDSCH, reference signal), or a combination thereof.

[0218] When the notification is performed by a MAC CE, the MAC CE may be identified by including a new Logical Channel ID (LCID) in the MAC subheader, which is not defined in existing standards.

[0219] When the notification is made by DCI, the notification may be made by a specific field of the DCI, a Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) used to scramble Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) bits assigned to the DCI, the format of the DCI, etc.

[0220] Furthermore, notification of any information to the UE in the above embodiments may be performed periodically, semi-persistently, or aperiodically.

[0221] In the above embodiment, the UE may receive information of at least one of the following QCL rules from the NW: QCL Type A QCL Type B QCL Type C QCL Type D

[0222] In the above-described embodiment, the QCL source RS for each QCL type may be at least one of the following several RSs: SSB CSI-RS with / without repetition TRS DMRS of PDCCH / PDSCH

[0223] In the above-described embodiment, the information from the NW may be set / instructed by the following methods: Common to multiple UEs or UE-specific; Cell-specific or common to multiple cells; Per UE / per CC / per BWP / per band / per cell / per cell group (CG).

[0224] <<Notification of Information from UE>> In the above-described embodiments, notification of any information from the UE [to the NW] (in other words, transmission / report of any information from the UE to the BS) may be performed using physical layer signaling (e.g., UCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE, RRC message, LPP message), specific signals / channels (e.g., UCI, PUCCH, PUSCH, PRACH, reference signal), or a combination thereof.

[0225] When the notification is performed by a MAC CE, the MAC CE may be identified by including a new LCID, which is not defined in existing standards, in the MAC subheader. The MAC CE may be an extension of an existing MAC CE. For example, the MAC CE may be an extension of an existing MAC CE by introducing a new octet.

[0226] If the notification is made by UCI, the notification may be transmitted using PUCCH or PUSCH.

[0227] In addition, notification of any information from the UE in the above embodiments may be periodic, semi-persistent (triggered by the UE or the gNB), or aperiodic (triggered by the UE or the gNB).

[0228] <<Application of Each Embodiment>> In a UE / BS, specific (one or more) processes / operations / controls / assumptions / information for at least one of the above-described embodiments may be applied (used) when one or more of the following conditions are met: - A higher layer parameter indicating the specific processes / operations / controls / assumptions / information is configured. - The specific processes / operations / controls / assumptions / information is determined based on related higher layer parameters. - The specific processes / operations / controls / assumptions / information is specified / activated / triggered by a MAC CE / DCI / UCI / resource / channel / RS. - A specific UE capability indicating (or related to) the specific processes / operations / controls / assumptions / information is reported or supported. - The application of the specific processes / operations / controls / assumptions / information is determined based on specific conditions.

[0229] The specific UE capability may indicate at least one of the following: Supporting the specific process / operation / control / assumption / information (e.g., cell-free); Supporting TA / TAG per first cell / TRP / second cell / TRP cluster / TCI state; Numbers / maximum numbers / minimum numbers described in each embodiment.

[0230] Furthermore, the above-mentioned specific UE capability may be a capability that is applied across all frequencies (commonly regardless of frequency), or may be a capability for each frequency (e.g., one or a combination of a cell, a band, a band combination, a BWP, a component carrier, etc.), or may be a capability for each frequency range (e.g., Frequency Range 1 (FR1), FR2, FR3, FR4, FR5, FR2-1, FR2-2), or may be a capability for each subcarrier spacing (SubCarrier Spacing (SCS)), or may be a capability for each Feature Set (FS) or Feature Set Per Component-carrier (FSPC).

[0231] Furthermore, the specific UE capability may be a capability that is applied to all duplexing methods (commonly regardless of the duplexing method), or may be a capability for each duplexing method (e.g., Time Division Duplex (TDD) or Frequency Division Duplex (FDD)).

[0232] If the above conditions are not met, the UE / BS may follow the behavior specified in existing 3GPP releases.

[0233] The information on whether one or more of the above embodiments / options / choices / examples apply / are used, or which of several of the above embodiments / options / choices / examples apply / are used, may be based on several of the following methods: - The information is configured by one or more higher layer parameters / RRC IEs. - The information is determined by one or more related higher layer parameters / RRC IEs. - The information is indicated by a MAC CE / DCI. - The information is based on one or more UE capabilities. - The information is described / defined in a specification. - The information is based on conditions described / defined in a specification. - The information is determined by a combination of several of the above information. For example, the information is determined by the configuration / indication of higher layer parameters / MAC CE / DCI and reported by UE capabilities.

[0234] The above embodiments / options / choices may be combined into one embodiment / option / choice.

[0235] In at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the configuration may be configured in relation to at least one of a set / cluster of TRP / AP / SSB / CSI-RS and a super-cell, and the configuration may be updated when at least one of a set / cluster of TRP / AP / SSB / CSI-RS and a super-cell for the UE is updated.

[0236] The UE may send a request for this configuration.

[0237] The UE may update the configuration in at least one of the embodiments of the present disclosure based on at least one of predefined rules and pre-received configurations.

[0238] The UE may assume / expect to receive the updated configuration from the NW.

[0239] (Supplementary Notes) The following inventions are supplemented with respect to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Supplementary Note 1-1] A terminal having a receiving unit that receives a first setting of a first maximum number of Timing Advance Groups (TAGs) that can be configured in a first cell and a second setting of a second maximum number of TAGs that can be configured in a second cell included in the first cell, and a control unit that assumes that a number of TAGs equal to or less than the first maximum number will be configured in the first cell based on the first setting, and that a number of TAGs equal to or less than the second maximum number will be configured in the second cell based on the second setting. [Supplementary Note 1-2] The terminal described in Supplementary Note 1-1, wherein the first maximum number is determined based on at least one of the number of second cells and the number of transmission and reception points in the first cell. [Supplementary Note 1-3] The terminal described in Supplementary Note 1-1 or Supplementary Note 1-2, wherein the second maximum number is determined based on the number of transmission and reception points in the second cell. [Supplementary Note 1-4] The terminal according to any one of Supplements 1-1 to 1-3, wherein the control unit controls to report at least one of the first maximum number and the second maximum number as the capability of the terminal. [Supplementary Note 2-1] A terminal having: a receiving unit that receives configurations of one or more Timing Advance Groups (TAGs) for each transmission / reception point, each first cell, or each second cell included in the first cell; and a control unit that determines a timing advance to apply to each transmission / reception point, each first cell, or each second cell based on the configurations. [Supplementary Note 2-2] The terminal according to Supplementary Note 2-1, wherein the control unit assumes that a common TAG corresponds to different Transmission Configuration Indication (TCI) states corresponding to one transmission / reception point. [Supplementary Note 2-3] The terminal according to Supplementary Note 2-1 or Supplementary Note 2-2, wherein the control unit assumes that separate TAGs correspond to different Transmission Configuration Indication (TCI) states corresponding to one transmission / reception point. [Supplementary Note 2-4] The terminal according to any one of Supplementary Note 2-1 to Supplementary Note 2-3, wherein the setting is identified using a TAG identifier included in a specific information element.[Supplementary Note 3-1] A terminal having a receiving unit that receives a timing advance group (TAG) configuration for each transmission / reception point in a first cell or for each active transmission / reception point in the first cell, and a control unit that determines whether to maintain the configuration. [Supplementary Note 3-2] The terminal according to Supplementary Note 3-1, wherein the control unit assumes that TAGs having different indexes correspond to different transmission / reception points. [Supplementary Note 3-3] The terminal according to Supplementary Note 3-1 or Supplementary Note 3-2, wherein the control unit assumes that TAGs having a common index are allowed to correspond to different transmission / reception points. [Supplementary Note 3-4] The terminal according to any of Supplements 3-1 to 3-3, wherein TAG configuration for a deactive transmission / reception point is maintained by the terminal or a network. [Supplementary Note 4-1] A terminal having a control unit that acquires a timing advance (TA) for at least one of a second cell within a first cell, a transmission / reception point within the second cell, and a timing advance group (TAG) in an initial access procedure, and a transmission unit that performs uplink transmission based on the TA. [Supplementary Note 4-2] The terminal according to Supplementary Note 4-1, wherein the transmission unit transmits a first message in the initial access procedure to one or more of the transmission / reception points. [Supplementary Note 4-3] The terminal according to Supplementary Note 4-1 or Supplementary Note 4-2, wherein the control unit acquires the TA using a TA command Medium Access Control control element (MAC CE). [Supplementary Note 4-4] The terminal according to any of Supplements 4-1 to 4-3, wherein the control unit determines the TA to apply based on at least one of a transmission / reception point of uplink transmission and an association between a TAG and a transmission / reception point.

[0240] (Wireless Communication System) The configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below. In this wireless communication system, communication is performed using any one of the wireless communication methods according to the above embodiments of the present disclosure or a combination thereof.

[0241] 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment. The wireless communication system 1 (which may be simply referred to as system 1) may be a system that realizes communication using Long Term Evolution (LTE) or 5th generation mobile communication system New Radio (5G NR) specified by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0242] The wireless communication system 1 may also support dual connectivity between multiple Radio Access Technologies (RATs) (Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity (MR-DC)). MR-DC may include dual connectivity between LTE (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA)) and NR (E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC)), dual connectivity between NR and LTE (NR-E-UTRA Dual Connectivity (NE-DC)), etc.

[0243] In EN-DC, the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the master node (Master Node (MN)), and the NR base station (gNB) is the secondary node (Secondary Node (SN)). In NE-DC, the NR base station (gNB) is the MN, and the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the SN.

[0244] The wireless communication system 1 may support dual connectivity between multiple base stations within the same RAT (for example, dual connectivity in which both the MN and SN are NR base stations (gNBs) (NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NN-DC))).

[0245] The wireless communication system 1 may include a base station 11 that forms a macrocell C1 with a relatively wide coverage, and base stations 12 (12a-12c) that are located within the macrocell C1 and form small cells C2 that are smaller than the macrocell C1. A user terminal 20 may be located within at least one of the cells. The location, number, shape, size, etc. of each cell and user terminal 20 are not limited to the embodiment shown in the figure. Hereinafter, when there is no need to distinguish between the base stations 11 and 12, they will be collectively referred to as the base station 10.

[0246] The wireless communication system 1 may utilize multi-input multi-output (MIMO). For example, one cell may be formed by one antenna / base station 10, or may be formed by multiple antennas / base stations 10. One [virtual] cell (which may be called, for example, a supercell) may be composed of multiple [virtual] cells (which may be called, for example, subcells). A supercell may correspond to a cell with a fixed physical range, and a subcell may correspond to a cell with a quasi-static / dynamically variable physical range. In this case, the wireless communication system 1 may be called a cell-free system.

[0247] The user terminal 20 may be connected to at least one of the multiple base stations 10. The user terminal 20 may utilize at least one of carrier aggregation (CA) using multiple component carriers (CCs) and dual connectivity (DC).

[0248] Each CC may be included in at least one of a first frequency band (Frequency Range 1 (FR1)) and a second frequency band (Frequency Range 2 (FR2)). The macro cell C1 may be included in FR1, and the small cell C2 may be included in FR2. For example, FR1 may be a frequency band of 6 GHz or less (sub-6 GHz), and FR2 may be a frequency band higher than 24 GHz (above-24 GHz). Note that the frequency bands and definitions of FR1 and FR2 are not limited to these, and for example, FR1 may correspond to a higher frequency band than FR2.

[0249] Furthermore, the user terminal 20 may perform communication using at least one of time division duplex (TDD) and frequency division duplex (FDD) in each CC.

[0250] The multiple base stations 10 may be connected by wire (e.g., optical fiber compliant with the Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), an X2 / Xn interface, etc.) or wirelessly (e.g., NR communication). For example, when NR communication is used as a backhaul between the base stations 11 and 12, the base station 11 corresponding to the upper station may be called an Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) donor, and the base station 12 corresponding to the relay station (relay) may be called an IAB node.

[0251] The base station 10 may be connected to the core network 30 directly or via another base station 10. The core network 30 may include, for example, at least one of an Evolved Packet Core (EPC), a 5G Core Network (5GCN), a Next Generation Core (NGC), and the like.

[0252] The core network 30 may include network functions (Network Functions (NF)) such as a User Plane Function (UPF), an Access and Mobility management Function (AMF), a Session Management Function (SMF), a Unified Data Management (UDM), an Application Function (AF), a Data Network (DN), a Location Management Function (LMF), and Operation, Administration and Maintenance (Management) (OAM). A single network node may provide multiple functions. Communication with an external network (e.g., the Internet) may also be performed via the DN.

[0253] The user terminal 20 may be a terminal that supports at least one of communication methods such as LTE, LTE-A, and 5G.

[0254] An Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)-based radio access scheme may be used in the wireless communication system 1. For example, Cyclic Prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM), Discrete Fourier Transform Spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), or the like may be used in at least one of the downlink (DL) and uplink (UL).

[0255] The radio access scheme may also be called a waveform. Note that in the wireless communication system 1, other radio access schemes (e.g., other single-carrier transmission schemes, other multi-carrier transmission schemes) may be used as the UL and DL radio access schemes.

[0256] In the wireless communication system 1, a downlink shared channel (Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)) shared by each user terminal 20, a broadcast channel (Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH)), a downlink control channel (Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)), etc. may be used as the downlink channel.

[0257] Furthermore, in the wireless communication system 1, an uplink shared channel (Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)) shared by each user terminal 20, an uplink control channel (Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)), a random access channel (Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)), or the like may be used as an uplink channel.

[0258] The PDSCH transmits user data, higher layer control information, a System Information Block (SIB), etc. The PUSCH may transmit user data, higher layer control information, etc. Furthermore, the PBCH may transmit a Master Information Block (MIB).

[0259] Lower layer control information may be transmitted by the PDCCH. The lower layer control information may include, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI) including scheduling information for at least one of the PDSCH and the PUSCH.

[0260] Note that the DCI for scheduling the PDSCH may be referred to as a DL assignment, a DL DCI, etc., and the DCI for scheduling the PUSCH may be referred to as a UL grant, a UL DCI, etc. Note that the PDSCH may be replaced with DL data, and the PUSCH may be replaced with UL data.

[0261] A control resource set (CORESET) and a search space may be used to detect the PDCCH. The CORESET corresponds to resources for searching for DCI. The search space corresponds to a search region and a search method for PDCCH candidates. One CORESET may be associated with one or more search spaces. The UE may monitor the CORESET associated with a certain search space based on the search space configuration.

[0262] One search space may correspond to PDCCH candidates corresponding to one or more aggregation levels. One or more search spaces may be referred to as a search space set. Note that the terms "search space," "search space set," "search space configuration," "search space set configuration," "CORESET," "CORESET configuration," and the like in the present disclosure may be read interchangeably.

[0263] The PUCCH may transmit uplink control information (UCI) including at least one of channel state information (CSI), delivery confirmation information (which may be called, for example, Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest ACKnowledgement (HARQ-ACK), ACK / NACK, etc.), and scheduling request (SR). The PRACH may transmit a random access preamble for establishing a connection with a cell.

[0264] In the present disclosure, downlink, uplink, etc. may be expressed without adding "link." Also, various channels may be expressed without adding "Physical" to the beginning.

[0265] In the wireless communication system 1, a synchronization signal (SS), a downlink reference signal (DL-RS), etc. may be transmitted. In the wireless communication system 1, as the DL-RS, a cell-specific reference signal (CRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a positioning reference signal (PRS), a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS), etc. may be transmitted.

[0266] The synchronization signal may be, for example, at least one of a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) and a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS). A signal block including an SS (PSS, SSS) and a PBCH (and a DMRS for the PBCH) may be referred to as an SS / PBCH block, an SS Block (SSB), or the like. Note that the SS, SSB, and the like may also be referred to as a reference signal.

[0267] Furthermore, in the wireless communication system 1, a sounding reference signal (SRS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), or the like may be transmitted as an uplink reference signal (UL-RS). Note that the DMRS may also be called a user equipment-specific reference signal (UE-specific reference signal).

[0268] (Base Station) Fig. 13 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a base station according to an embodiment. The base station 10 includes a control unit 110, a transceiver unit 120, a transceiver antenna 130, and a transmission line interface 140. Note that the base station may include one or more of each of the control unit 110, the transceiver unit 120, the transceiver antenna 130, and the transmission line interface 140.

[0269] In this example, the functional blocks of the characteristic parts of the present embodiment are mainly shown, and it may be assumed that the base station 10 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each unit described below may be omitted.

[0270] The control unit 110 performs overall control of the base station 10. The control unit 110 can be configured from a controller, a control circuit, and the like that are explained based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates.

[0271] The control unit 110 may control signal generation, scheduling (e.g., resource allocation, mapping), etc. The control unit 110 may control transmission and reception using the transceiver unit 120, the transceiver antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140, measurement, etc. The control unit 110 may generate data, control information, sequences, etc. to be transmitted as signals, and transfer them to the transceiver unit 120. The control unit 110 may perform call processing (setting up, releasing, etc.) of communication channels, status management of the base station 10, management of radio resources, etc.

[0272] The transceiver unit 120 may include a baseband unit 121, a radio frequency (RF) unit 122, and a measurement unit 123. The baseband unit 121 may include a transmission processing unit 1211 and a reception processing unit 1212. The transceiver unit 120 may be configured with a transmitter / receiver, an RF circuit, a baseband circuit, a filter, a phase shifter, a measurement circuit, a transceiver circuit, etc., which are described based on common understanding in the technical field related to the present disclosure.

[0273] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may be configured as an integrated transmitting / receiving unit, or may be configured from a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may be configured from a transmission processing unit 1211 and an RF unit 122. The receiving unit may be configured from a reception processing unit 1212, the RF unit 122, and a measurement unit 123.

[0274] The transmitting and receiving antenna 130 can be configured from an antenna described based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates, such as an array antenna.

[0275] The transceiver 120 may transmit the above-mentioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transceiver 120 may receive the above-mentioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0276] The transceiver 120 may form at least one of the transmit beam and the receive beam using digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), or the like.

[0277] The transmitter / receiver unit 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) may perform Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer processing, Radio Link Control (RLC) layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), Medium Access Control (MAC) layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc. on data, control information, etc. obtained from the control unit 110, and generate a bit string to be transmitted.

[0278] The transmitter / receiver unit 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) may perform transmission processing such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) processing (if necessary), Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion on the bit string to be transmitted, and output a baseband signal.

[0279] The transceiver unit 120 (RF unit 122) may perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc. on the baseband signal to a radio frequency band, and transmit the radio frequency band signal via the transceiver antenna 130.

[0280] On the other hand, the transceiver unit 120 (RF unit 122) may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc. on the radio frequency band signal received by the transceiver antenna 130.

[0281] The transceiver 120 (reception processing unit 1212) may apply reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) processing, Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the acquired baseband signal, thereby acquiring user data, etc.

[0282] The transceiver 120 (measurement unit 123) may perform measurements on the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 123 may perform Radio Resource Management (RRM) measurements, Channel State Information (CSI) measurements, etc. based on the received signal. The measurement unit 123 may measure received power (e.g., Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)), received quality (e.g., Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR), Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)), signal strength (e.g., Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI)), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 110.

[0283] The transmission path interface 140 may transmit and receive signals (backhaul signaling) between devices included in the core network 30 (e.g., network nodes that provide NF), other base stations 10, etc., and may acquire and transmit user data (user plane data), control plane data, etc. for the user terminal 20.

[0284] The transmitting section and receiving section of the base station 10 in the present disclosure may be configured by at least one of the transmitting / receiving section 120, the transmitting / receiving antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140.

[0285] The base station 10 may be separated into three elements: a radio unit (RU), a distributed unit (DU), and a central unit (CU). For example, the RU may implement RF processing (digital beamforming, digital-to-analog conversion, analog beamforming, etc.) and lower-level functions of the physical layer (precoding, IFFT, FFT, etc.). The DU may implement higher-level functions of the physical layer (coding to resource element mapping, etc.), MAC layer functions, and RLC layer functions. The CU may implement the functions of the PDCP layer, Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer, and RRC layer.

[0286] In the present disclosure, the base station 10 may include a single device that realizes all of the functions of the RU, DU, and CU, or may include multiple devices that each realize some of the functions of the RU, DU, and CU and are connected to each other. In the present disclosure, the base station 10 may be interchangeably read as RU / DU / CU.

[0287] The transceiver 120 may transmit a first setting of a first maximum number of timing advance groups (TAGs) that can be set in a first cell and a second setting of a second maximum number of TAGs that can be set in a second cell included in the first cell. The control unit 110 may set a number of TAGs equal to or less than the first maximum number in the first cell based on the first setting, and may set a number of TAGs equal to or less than the second maximum number in the second cell based on the second setting (first embodiment).

[0288] The transceiver 120 may transmit one or more timing advance group (TAG) configurations for each transceiver point, each first cell, or each second cell included in the first cell, and the control unit 110 may use the configurations to indicate the timing advance to be applied to each transceiver point, each first cell, or each second cell (second embodiment).

[0289] The transceiver unit 120 may transmit a timing advance group (TAG) configuration for each transceiver point in the first cell or for each active transceiver point in the first cell, and the control unit 110 may determine whether to maintain the configuration (third embodiment).

[0290] The control unit 110 may instruct a timing advance (TA) for at least one of a second cell within the first cell, a transmission / reception point within the second cell, and a timing advance group (TAG) in the initial access procedure. The transceiver unit 120 may perform uplink reception based on the TA (fifth embodiment).

[0291] (User Terminal) Fig. 14 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to one embodiment. The user terminal 20 includes a control unit 210, a transceiver unit 220, and a transceiver antenna 230. Note that the user terminal 20 may include one or more of each of the control unit 210, the transceiver unit 220, and the transceiver antenna 230.

[0292] In this example, the functional blocks of the characteristic parts of the present embodiment are mainly shown, and it may be assumed that the user terminal 20 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each unit described below may be omitted.

[0293] The control unit 210 performs overall control of the user terminal 20. The control unit 210 can be configured from a controller, a control circuit, etc., which are described based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates.

[0294] The control unit 210 may control signal generation, mapping, etc. The control unit 210 may control transmission and reception, measurement, etc. using the transceiver unit 220 and the transceiver antenna 230. The control unit 210 may generate data, control information, sequences, etc. to be transmitted as signals and transfer them to the transceiver unit 220.

[0295] The transceiver unit 220 may include a baseband unit 221, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223. The baseband unit 221 may include a transmission processing unit 2211 and a reception processing unit 2212. The transceiver unit 220 may be configured with a transmitter / receiver, an RF circuit, a baseband circuit, a filter, a phase shifter, a measurement circuit, a transceiver circuit, etc., which are described based on common understanding in the technical field related to the present disclosure.

[0296] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may be configured as an integrated transmitting / receiving unit, or may be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may be composed of a transmission processing unit 2211 and an RF unit 222. The receiving unit may be composed of a reception processing unit 2212, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223.

[0297] The transmitting / receiving antenna 230 can be configured from an antenna described based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates, such as an array antenna.

[0298] The transceiver 220 may receive the above-mentioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transceiver 220 may transmit the above-mentioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0299] The transceiver unit 220 may form at least one of the transmit beam and the receive beam using digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), or the like.

[0300] The transceiver unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform PDCP layer processing, RLC layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), MAC layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc. on data, control information, etc. obtained from the control unit 210, and generate a bit string to be transmitted.

[0301] The transmitter / receiver unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform transmission processing such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, DFT processing (if necessary), IFFT processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion on the bit string to be transmitted, and output a baseband signal.

[0302] Whether or not to apply DFT processing may be based on the setting of transform precoding. When transform precoding is enabled for a certain channel (e.g., PUSCH), the transceiver unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform DFT processing as the transmission processing to transmit the channel using a DFT-s-OFDM waveform, and if not, it may not be necessary to perform DFT processing as the transmission processing.

[0303] The transceiver unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc. on the baseband signal to a radio frequency band, and transmit the radio frequency band signal via the transceiver antenna 230.

[0304] On the other hand, the transceiver unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc. on the radio frequency band signal received by the transceiver antenna 230.

[0305] The transceiver unit 220 (reception processing unit 2212) may apply reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, FFT processing, IDFT processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the acquired baseband signal, and acquire user data, etc.

[0306] The transceiver 220 (measurement unit 223) may perform measurements on the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 223 may perform RRM measurements, CSI measurements, etc. based on the received signal. The measurement unit 223 may measure received power (e.g., RSRP), received quality (e.g., RSRQ, SINR, SNR), signal strength (e.g., RSSI), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 210.

[0307] The measurement unit 223 may derive channel measurements for CSI calculation based on the channel measurement resources. The channel measurement resources may be, for example, non-zero power (NZP) CSI-RS resources. The measurement unit 223 may also derive interference measurements for CSI calculation based on the interference measurement resources. The interference measurement resources may be at least one of an NZP CSI-RS resource for interference measurement, a CSI-Interference Measurement (IM) resource, etc. Note that CSI-IM may be referred to as CSI-Interference Management (IM) or may be interchangeably read as Zero Power (ZP) CSI-RS. Note that in the present disclosure, CSI-RS, NZP CSI-RS, ZP CSI-RS, CSI-IM, CSI-SSB, etc. may be interchangeably read as interchangeable.

[0308] The transmitting unit and receiving unit of the user terminal 20 in the present disclosure may be configured by at least one of the transmitting / receiving unit 220 and the transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0309] The transceiver unit 220 may receive a first setting of a first maximum number of timing advance groups (TAGs) that can be configured in a first cell and a second setting of a second maximum number of TAGs that can be configured in a second cell included in the first cell. The control unit 210 may assume, based on the first setting, that a number of TAGs equal to or less than the first maximum number will be configured in the first cell, and may assume, based on the second setting, that a number of TAGs equal to or less than the second maximum number will be configured in the second cell (first embodiment).

[0310] The first maximum number may be determined based on at least one of the number of the second cells and the number of transmitting / receiving points in the first cell (first embodiment).

[0311] The second maximum number may be determined based on the number of transmitting and receiving points in the second cell (first embodiment).

[0312] The control unit 210 may perform control so that at least one of the first maximum number and the second maximum number is reported as the capability of the terminal (first embodiment).

[0313] The transceiver 220 may receive one or more timing advance group (TAG) configurations for each transceiver point, each first cell, or each second cell included in the first cell, and the control unit 210 may determine a timing advance to be applied to each transceiver point, each first cell, or each second cell based on the configurations (second embodiment).

[0314] The control unit 210 may assume that a common TAG corresponds to different Transmission Configuration Indication (TCI) states corresponding to one transmission / reception point (second embodiment).

[0315] The control unit 210 may assume that TAGs correspond to different Transmission Configuration Indication (TCI) states corresponding to one transmission / reception point (second embodiment).

[0316] The setting may be specified using a TAG identifier contained in a specific information element (second embodiment).

[0317] The transceiver unit 220 may receive a timing advance group (TAG) configuration for each transmission / reception point in the first cell or for each active transmission / reception point in the first cell, and the control unit 210 may determine whether to maintain the configuration (third embodiment).

[0318] The control unit 210 may assume that tags having different indexes correspond to different transmission / reception points (third embodiment).

[0319] The control unit 210 may assume that tags having a common index are allowed to correspond to different transmission and reception points (third embodiment).

[0320] The TAG settings of deactive transmission / reception points may be maintained by the terminal or the network (fourth embodiment).

[0321] The control unit 210 may acquire a timing advance (TA) for at least one of a second cell within the first cell, a transmission / reception point within the second cell, and a timing advance group (TAG) during the initial access procedure. The transmission unit 220 may perform uplink transmission based on the TA (fifth embodiment).

[0322] The transceiver unit 220 may transmit a first message in the initial access procedure to one or more of the transceiver points (fifth embodiment).

[0323] The control unit 210 may obtain the TA using a TA command Medium Access Control Element (MAC CE) (sixth embodiment).

[0324] The control unit 210 may determine the TA to be applied based on at least one of the transmission and reception points of the uplink transmission and the association between the TAG and the transmission and reception points (seventh embodiment).

[0325] (Hardware Configuration) Note that the block diagrams used to explain the above embodiments show functional blocks. These functional blocks (components) are realized by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Furthermore, the method for realizing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized using a single device that is physically or logically coupled, or may be realized using two or more physically or logically separated devices that are directly or indirectly connected (for example, using wires, wirelessly, etc.) and these multiple devices. The functional block may be realized by combining software with the single device or the multiple devices.

[0326] Here, the functions include, but are not limited to, judgment, determination, judgment, calculation, computation, processing, derivation, investigation, search, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, resolution, selection, election, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, deeming, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, and assignment. For example, a functional block (component) that performs transmission may be called a transmitting unit, transmitter, etc. As described above, the implementation method of each is not particularly limited.

[0327] For example, a base station, a user terminal, etc. according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may function as a computer that performs processing of the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Fig. 15 is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and a user terminal according to an embodiment. The above-described base station 10 and user terminal 20 may be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, a memory 1002, a storage 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, etc.

[0328] In the present disclosure, the terms apparatus, circuit, device, section, unit, etc. may be used interchangeably. The hardware configurations of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may be configured to include one or more of the devices shown in the drawings, or may be configured to exclude some of the devices.

[0329] For example, although only one processor 1001 is shown, there may be multiple processors. Furthermore, processing may be performed by one processor, or processing may be performed by two or more processors simultaneously, serially, or in other ways. Furthermore, processor 1001 may be implemented by one or more chips.

[0330] Each function in the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 is realized, for example, by loading specified software (programs) onto hardware such as a processor 1001 and a memory 1002, causing the processor 1001 to perform calculations, control communication via the communication device 1004, and control at least one of reading and writing data in the memory 1002 and the storage 1003.

[0331] The processor 1001, for example, runs an operating system to control the entire computer. The processor 1001 may be configured as a central processing unit (CPU) including an interface with peripheral devices, a control device, an arithmetic unit, a register, etc. For example, at least a part of the above-mentioned control unit 110 (210), transceiver unit 120 (220), etc. may be realized by the processor 1001.

[0332] The processor 1001 also reads programs (program codes), software modules, data, etc. from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002 and executes various processes in accordance with these. The programs used are those that cause a computer to execute at least some of the operations described in the above-described embodiments. For example, the control unit 110 (210) may be implemented by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and running on the processor 1001, and the other functional blocks may be implemented in a similar manner.

[0333] The memory 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be configured by at least one of, for example, Read Only Memory (ROM), Erasable Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electrically EEPROM (EEPROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), or other suitable storage medium. The memory 1002 may also be referred to as a register, cache, main memory, etc. The memory 1002 may store executable programs (program codes), software modules, etc. for implementing a wireless communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0334] Storage 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be composed of at least one of, for example, a flexible disk, a floppy disk, a magneto-optical disk (e.g., a compact disc (e.g., a Compact Disc ROM (CD-ROM)), a digital versatile disc, a Blu-ray disc), a removable disk, a hard disk drive, a smart card, a flash memory device (e.g., a card, a stick, a key drive), a magnetic stripe, a database, a server, or other suitable storage medium. Storage 1003 may also be referred to as an auxiliary storage device.

[0335] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmission / reception device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also referred to as, for example, a network device, a network controller, a network card, or a communication module. The communication device 1004 may be configured to include a high-frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, etc. to realize at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). For example, the above-mentioned transmission / reception unit 120 (220), transmission / reception antenna 130 (230), etc. may be realized by the communication device 1004. The transmission / reception unit 120 (220) may be implemented as a transmission unit 120a (220a) and a reception unit 120b (220b) that are physically or logically separated.

[0336] The input device 1005 is an input device (e.g., a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, etc.) that accepts input from the outside. The output device 1006 is an output device (e.g., a display, a speaker, a light emitting diode (LED) lamp, etc.) that outputs to the outside. Note that the input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be integrated into one device (e.g., a touch panel).

[0337] Furthermore, each device, such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002, is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or may be configured using different buses between each device.

[0338] Furthermore, the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and some or all of the functional blocks may be realized using this hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these pieces of hardware.

[0339] In addition, the devices included in the core network 30 (for example, network nodes that provide NF) may also be realized by the above-mentioned functional block / hardware configuration.

[0340] (Modifications) Note that terms described in the present disclosure and terms necessary for understanding the present disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, a channel, a symbol, and a signal (signal or signaling) may be interchangeable. A signal may also be a message. A reference signal may be abbreviated as RS, and may also be called a pilot, pilot signal, etc. depending on the applicable standard. A component carrier (CC) may also be called a cell, frequency carrier, carrier frequency, etc.

[0341] A radio frame may be composed of one or more periods (frames) in the time domain. Each of the one or more periods (frames) constituting a radio frame may be called a subframe. Furthermore, a subframe may be composed of one or more slots in the time domain. A subframe may have a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) that is independent of numerology.

[0342] Here, the numerology may be a communication parameter applied to at least one of transmission and reception of a signal or channel, and may indicate at least one of, for example, Subcarrier Spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, Transmission Time Interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame structure, specific filtering performed by a transceiver in the frequency domain, and specific windowing performed by a transceiver in the time domain.

[0343] A slot may be composed of one or more symbols (such as an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol or a Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbol) in the time domain. A slot may also be a time unit based on numerology.

[0344] A slot may include multiple minislots. Each minislot may consist of one or multiple symbols in the time domain. A minislot may also be called a subslot. A minislot may consist of fewer symbols than a slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a minislot may be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using a minislot may be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0345] A radio frame, a subframe, a slot, a minislot, and a symbol all represent time units for transmitting signals. The radio frame, the subframe, the slot, the minislot, and the symbol may be referred to by other names corresponding to the radio frame, the subframe, the slot, the minislot, and the symbol. Note that the time units such as a frame, a subframe, a slot, a minislot, and a symbol in the present disclosure may be interchangeable.

[0346] For example, one subframe may be referred to as a TTI, or multiple consecutive subframes may be referred to as a TTI, or one slot or one minislot may be referred to as a TTI. That is, at least one of the subframe and the TTI may be a subframe (1 ms) in existing LTE, a period shorter than 1 ms (for example, 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1 ms. Note that the unit representing the TTI may be called a slot, minislot, etc. instead of a subframe.

[0347] Here, TTI refers to, for example, the smallest time unit for scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in an LTE system, a base station performs scheduling to allocate radio resources (such as frequency bandwidth and transmission power that can be used by each user terminal) to each user terminal in TTI units. Note that the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0348] The TTI may be a transmission time unit for a channel-encoded data packet (transport block), a code block, a code word, etc., or may be a processing unit for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. When a TTI is given, the time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) to which a transport block, a code block, a code word, etc. is actually mapped may be shorter than the TTI.

[0349] When one slot or one minislot is called a TTI, one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more slots or one or more minislots) may be the minimum time unit for scheduling. Also, the number of slots (minislots) constituting the minimum time unit for scheduling may be controlled.

[0350] A TTI having a time length of 1 ms may be called a regular TTI (TTI in 3GPP Rel. 8-12), normal TTI, long TTI, regular subframe, normal subframe, long subframe, slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a regular TTI may be called a shortened TTI, short TTI, partial or fractional TTI, shortened subframe, short subframe, minislot, subslot, slot, etc.

[0351] In addition, a long TTI (e.g., a normal TTI, a subframe, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a time length of more than 1 ms, and a short TTI (e.g., a shortened TTI, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a TTI length shorter than the TTI length of a long TTI and greater than or equal to 1 ms.

[0352] A resource block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and the frequency domain, and may include one or more consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be the same regardless of numerology, for example, 12. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be determined based on numerology.

[0353] In addition, an RB may include one or more symbols in the time domain and may have a length of one slot, one minislot, one subframe, or one TTI, each of which may be composed of one or more resource blocks.

[0354] In addition, one or more RBs may be referred to as a physical resource block (PRB), a sub-carrier group (SCG), a resource element group (REG), a PRB pair, an RB pair, etc.

[0355] Furthermore, a resource block may be composed of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, one RE may be a radio resource region of one subcarrier and one symbol.

[0356] A Bandwidth Part (BWP), which may also be referred to as a partial bandwidth, may represent a subset of contiguous common resource blocks (RBs) for a given numerology on a given carrier, where the common RBs may be identified by their index relative to a Common Reference Point of the carrier. PRBs may be defined in a BWP and numbered within the BWP.

[0357] The BWP may include a UL BWP (BWP for UL) and a DL BWP (BWP for DL). One or more BWPs may be configured for a UE within one carrier.

[0358] At least one of the configured BWPs may be active, and the UE may not expect to transmit or receive a given signal / channel outside the active BWP. Note that the terms "cell," "carrier," etc. in this disclosure may be read as "BWP."

[0359] The above-described structures of radio frames, subframes, slots, minislots, symbols, etc. are merely examples. For example, the number of subframes included in a radio frame, the number of slots per subframe or radio frame, the number of minislots included in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or minislot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, the number of symbols in a TTI, the symbol length, the cyclic prefix (CP) length, etc. may be changed in various ways.

[0360] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc. described in the present disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, may be expressed using relative values ​​from a predetermined value, or may be expressed using other corresponding information. For example, a radio resource may be indicated by a predetermined index.

[0361] The names used for parameters and the like in this disclosure are not intended to be limiting in any way. Furthermore, the mathematical expressions and the like using these parameters may differ from those explicitly disclosed in this disclosure. The various channels (PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements may be identified by any suitable names, and therefore the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not intended to be limiting in any way.

[0362] The information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. that may be referred to throughout the above description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0363] Furthermore, information, signals, etc. may be output from a higher layer to a lower layer and / or from a lower layer to a higher layer. Information, signals, etc. may be input / output via multiple network nodes.

[0364] Input and output information, signals, etc. may be stored in a specific location (for example, memory) or may be managed using a management table. Input and output information, signals, etc. may be overwritten, updated, or added. Output information, signals, etc. may be deleted. Input information, signals, etc. may be transmitted to another device.

[0365] With respect to any information (e.g., variables, constants, parameters) described in the present disclosure, even if not specifically stated in the above embodiments, any first device (e.g., UE / base station) may notify any second device (e.g., base station / UE) of information indicating / specifying (or relating to) the value of the any information.

[0366] The notification of information is not limited to the aspects / embodiments described in the present disclosure, and may be performed using other methods. For example, the notification of information in the present disclosure may be performed by physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI) and Uplink Control Information (UCI)), higher layer signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB) and System Information Block (SIB)), Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling), other signals, or a combination thereof.

[0367] Note that the physical layer signaling may be referred to as Layer 1 / Layer 2 (L1 / L2) control information (L1 / L2 control signal), L1 control information (L1 control signal), etc. Furthermore, the RRC signaling may be referred to as an RRC message, such as an RRC Connection Setup message or an RRC Connection Reconfiguration message. Furthermore, the MAC signaling may be notified using, for example, a MAC Control Element (CE).

[0368] Furthermore, notification of specified information (e.g., notification that "it is X") is not limited to explicit notification, but may be made implicitly (e.g., by not notifying the specified information or by notifying other information).

[0369] The determination may be made by a value represented by one bit (0 or 1), by a Boolean value represented by true or false, or by a comparison of numerical values ​​(e.g., comparison with a predetermined value).

[0370] Software shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, procedures, functions, etc., whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise.

[0371] Software, instructions, information, etc. may also be transmitted or received over a transmission medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using wired technologies (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)), and / or wireless technologies (such as infrared, microwave), these wired and / or wireless technologies are included within the definition of transmission media.

[0372] As used in this disclosure, the terms "system" and "network" may be used interchangeably. A "network" may refer to devices included in the network (e.g., base stations).

[0373] In this disclosure, terms such as "precoding," "precoder," "weight (precoding weight)," "Quasi-Co-Location (QCL)," "Transmission Configuration Indication state (TCI state)," "spatial relation," "spatial domain filter," "transmit power," "phase rotation," "antenna port," "layer," "number of layers," "rank," "resource," "resource set," "beam," "beam width," "beam angle," "antenna," "antenna element," "panel," "UE panel," "transmitting entity," "receiving entity," etc. may be used interchangeably.

[0374] In the present disclosure, the term "antenna port" may be interchangeably read as an antenna port for any signal / channel (e.g., a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) port). In the present disclosure, the term "resource" may be interchangeably read as a resource for any signal / channel (e.g., a reference signal resource, an SRS resource, etc.). The resource may include time / frequency / code / space / power resources. Furthermore, the spatial domain transmission filter may include at least one of a spatial domain transmission filter and a spatial domain reception filter.

[0375] The group may include, for example, at least one of a spatial relationship group, a Code Division Multiplexing (CDM) group, a Reference Signal (RS) group, a Control Resource Set (CORESET) group, a PUCCH group, an antenna port group (e.g., a DMRS port group), a layer group, a resource group, a beam group, an antenna group, a panel group, and the like.

[0376] In addition, in the present disclosure, beam, SRS Resource Indicator (SRI), CORESET, CORESET pool, PDSCH, PUSCH, codeword (CW), transport block (TB), RS, etc. may be read as interchangeable terms.

[0377] In addition, in the present disclosure, the terms TCI state, downlink TCI state (DL TCI state), uplink TCI state (UL TCI state), unified TCI state, common TCI state, joint TCI state, etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0378] Furthermore, in the present disclosure, terms such as "QCL," "QCL assumption," "QCL relationship," "QCL type information," "QCL property / properties," "specific QCL type (e.g., Type A, Type D) property," and "specific QCL type (e.g., Type A, Type D)" may be interchangeable.

[0379] In the present disclosure, terms such as index, identifier (ID), indicator, indication, and resource ID may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, terms such as sequence, list, set, group, cluster, clustering, subset, and pool may be interchangeable.

[0380] Furthermore, the spatial relationship information identifier (ID) (TCI state ID) and the spatial relationship information (TCI state) may be interchangeable. The "spatial relationship information (TCI state)" may be interchangeable with "set of spatial relationship information (TCI state)", "one or more pieces of spatial relationship information", etc. The TCI state and the TCI may be interchangeable. The spatial relationship information and the spatial relationship may be interchangeable.

[0381] In the present disclosure, terms such as "base station (BS)," "radio base station," "fixed station," "NodeB," "eNB (eNodeB)," "gNB (gNodeB)," "access point," "transmission point (TP)," "reception point (RP)," "transmission / reception point (TRP)," "panel," "cell," "sector," "cell group," "carrier," "component carrier," etc. may be used interchangeably. Base stations may also be referred to by terms such as macrocell, small cell, femtocell, picocell, etc.

[0382] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells. When a base station accommodates multiple cells, the overall coverage area of ​​the base station can be partitioned into multiple smaller areas, and each smaller area can be provided with communication service by a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (Remote Radio Head (RRH))). The terms "cell" or "sector" refer to part or all of the coverage area of ​​a base station and / or base station subsystem that provides communication service within that coverage.

[0383] In the present disclosure, a base station transmitting information to a terminal may be interpreted as the base station instructing the terminal to control / operate based on the information.

[0384] In this disclosure, the terms "Mobile Station (MS)," "user terminal," "User Equipment (UE)," "terminal," etc. may be used interchangeably.

[0385] A mobile station may also be referred to as a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other suitable terminology.

[0386] At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be called a transmitting device, a receiving device, a wireless communication device, etc. Note that at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device mounted on a moving object, the moving object itself, etc.

[0387] The mobile body is a movable object that can move at any speed and naturally includes cases where the mobile body is stationary. Examples of the mobile body include, but are not limited to, vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, handcars, rickshaws, ships and other watercraft, airplanes, rockets, satellites, drones, multicopters, quadcopters, balloons, and objects mounted thereon. The mobile body may also be a mobile body that moves autonomously based on an operation command.

[0388] The mobile object may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane, etc.), an unmanned mobile object (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (manned or unmanned). Note that at least one of the base station and the mobile station may also include devices that do not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an Internet of Things (IoT) device such as a sensor.

[0389] 16 is a diagram showing an example of a vehicle according to an embodiment. The vehicle 40 includes a drive unit 41, a steering unit 42, an accelerator pedal 43, a brake pedal 44, a shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, an electronic control unit 49, various sensors (including a current sensor 50, an RPM sensor 51, an air pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration sensor 54, an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a brake pedal sensor 56, a shift lever sensor 57, and an object detection sensor 58), an information service unit 59, and a communication module 60.

[0390] The drive unit 41 is configured with at least one of an engine, a motor, and a hybrid of an engine and a motor, for example. The steering unit 42 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a handle) and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels 46 and the rear wheels 47 based on the operation of the steering wheel operated by a user.

[0391] The electronic control unit 49 is composed of a microprocessor 61, memory (ROM, RAM) 62, and a communication port (for example, an input / output (IO) port) 63. Signals are input to the electronic control unit 49 from various sensors 50-58 provided in the vehicle. The electronic control unit 49 may also be called an Electronic Control Unit (ECU).

[0392] The signals from the various sensors 50-58 include a current signal from a current sensor 50 that senses the current of the motor, a rotation speed signal of the front wheels 46 / rear wheels 47 obtained by a rotation speed sensor 51, an air pressure signal of the front wheels 46 / rear wheels 47 obtained by an air pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed signal obtained by a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration signal obtained by an acceleration sensor 54, a depression amount signal of the accelerator pedal 43 obtained by an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a depression amount signal of the brake pedal 44 obtained by a brake pedal sensor 56, an operation signal of the shift lever 45 obtained by a shift lever sensor 57, and a detection signal for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc. obtained by an object detection sensor 58.

[0393] The information service unit 59 is composed of various devices, such as a car navigation system, an audio system, speakers, a display, a television, and a radio, for providing (outputting) various information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, and one or more ECUs for controlling these devices. The information service unit 59 uses information acquired from external devices via the communication module 60 or the like to provide various information / services (e.g., multimedia information / multimedia services) to the occupants of the vehicle 40.

[0394] The information service unit 59 may include input devices (e.g., keyboards, mice, microphones, switches, buttons, sensors, touch panels, etc.) that accept input from the outside, and may also include output devices (e.g., displays, speakers, LED lamps, touch panels, etc.) that output to the outside.

[0395] The driving assistance system unit 64 includes various devices for providing functions to prevent accidents and reduce the driver's driving burden, such as millimeter-wave radar, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), cameras, positioning locators (e.g., Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)), map information (e.g., High Definition (HD) maps, Autonomous Vehicle (AV) maps), gyro systems (e.g., Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs), Inertial Navigation Systems (INSs)), artificial intelligence (AI) chips, and AI processors, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. The driving assistance system unit 64 also transmits and receives various information via the communication module 60 to realize driving assistance functions or autonomous driving functions.

[0396] The communication module 60 can communicate with the microprocessor 61 and components of the vehicle 40 via the communication port 63. For example, the communication module 60 transmits and receives data (information) via the communication port 63 to and from the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, the microprocessor 61 and memory (ROM, RAM) 62 in the electronic control unit 49, and the various sensors 50-58, which are provided in the vehicle 40.

[0397] The communication module 60 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 61 of the electronic control unit 49 and can communicate with an external device. For example, it transmits and receives various information to and from the external device via wireless communication. The communication module 60 may be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 49. The external device may be, for example, the base station 10 or the user terminal 20 described above. Furthermore, the communication module 60 may be, for example, at least one of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 described above (or may function as at least one of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20).

[0398] The communication module 60 may transmit at least one of signals from the above-mentioned various sensors 50-58 input to the electronic control unit 49, information obtained based on the signals, and information based on input from the outside (user) obtained via the information service unit 59 to an external device via wireless communication. The electronic control unit 49, the various sensors 50-58, the information service unit 59, etc. may be referred to as input units that accept input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted by the communication module 60 may include information based on the above-mentioned input.

[0399] The communication module 60 receives various information (traffic information, traffic signal information, vehicle distance information, etc.) transmitted from an external device and displays it on an information service unit 59 provided in the vehicle. The information service unit 59 may also be called an output unit that outputs information (for example, outputs information to a device such as a display or speaker based on the PDSCH received by the communication module 60 (or data / information decoded from the PDSCH)).

[0400] Furthermore, the communication module 60 stores various information received from external devices in a memory 62 that can be used by the microprocessor 61. Based on the information stored in the memory 62, the microprocessor 61 may control the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, various sensors 50-58, and the like provided in the vehicle 40.

[0401] Furthermore, a base station in the present disclosure may be read as a user terminal. For example, the aspects / embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to a configuration in which communication between a base station and a user terminal is replaced with communication between multiple user terminals (which may be called, for example, Device-to-Device (D2D) or Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X)). In this case, the user terminal 20 may be configured to have the functions of the base station 10 described above. Furthermore, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be read as terms corresponding to terminal-to-terminal communication (for example, "sidelink"). For example, terms such as an uplink channel and a downlink channel may be read as a sidelink channel.

[0402] Similarly, the user terminal in the present disclosure may be read as a base station, in which case the base station 10 may be configured to have the functions of the user terminal 20 described above.

[0403] In the present disclosure, an operation described as being performed by a base station may be performed by its upper node in some cases. It is apparent that in a network including one or more network nodes having a base station, various operations performed for communication with a terminal may be performed by the base station, one or more network nodes other than the base station (such as, but not limited to, a Mobility Management Entity (MME), a Serving-Gateway (S-GW), etc.), or a combination thereof.

[0404] Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be used alone, in combination, or switched depending on the implementation. Furthermore, the order of the processing procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc. of each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be changed unless inconsistent. For example, the methods described in this disclosure present elements of various steps using an example order, and are not limited to the particular order presented.

[0405] Each aspect / embodiment described in the present disclosure may be a technology other than Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG (x is, for example, an integer or decimal number)), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM (registered trademark)), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.17 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.19 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.21 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.22 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.23 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.24 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.25 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.26 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.27 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.28 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.29 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.30 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.31 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.32 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.33 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802. The present invention may be applied to systems that use IEEE 802.20, Ultra-WideBand (UWB), Bluetooth (registered trademark), or other suitable wireless communication methods, or to next-generation systems that are expanded, modified, created, or defined based on these. Furthermore, the present invention may be applied to a combination of multiple systems (e.g., a combination of LTE or LTE-A and 5G).

[0406] As used in this disclosure, the phrase "based on" does not mean "based only on," unless expressly stated otherwise. In other words, the phrase "based on" means both "based only on" and "based at least on."

[0407] As used in this disclosure, any reference to an element using a designation such as "first," "second," etc. does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more elements. Thus, a reference to a first and a second element does not imply that only two elements may be employed or that the first element must in some way precede the second element.

[0408] The term "determining" as used in this disclosure may encompass a wide variety of actions. For example, "determining" may be considered to be judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up, search, inquiry (e.g., looking up in a table, database, or another data structure), ascertaining, etc.

[0409] Additionally, "determining" may be considered to be "determining" receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), input, output, accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), etc.

[0410] Furthermore, "determination" may be considered to be "determining" resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. In other words, "determination" may be considered to be "determining" some kind of action. In the present disclosure, "determination" may be read interchangeably with the above-mentioned actions.

[0411] Furthermore, in this disclosure, "determine / determining" may be interchangeably read as "assume / assuming," "expect / expecting," "consider / considering," etc. Furthermore, in this disclosure, "does not expect to do..." may be interchangeably read as "assumes not to do...."

[0412] In the present disclosure, "expect" may be interchangeably read as "be expected." For example, "expect(s) ..." ("..." may be expressed, for example, as a that clause, a to-infinitive, etc.) may be interchangeably read as "be expected ..." or "do ... (if the above "..." is a to-infinitive, a verb with "to")," etc. "does not expect ..." may be interchangeably read as "be not expected ..." or "does not ... (if the above "..." is a to-infinitive, a verb with "to")," etc. Furthermore, "An apparatus A is not expected ..." may be interchangeably read as "an apparatus B other than apparatus A does not expect ... from apparatus A" (for example, if apparatus A is a UE, apparatus B may be a base station).

[0413] The "maximum transmit power" in this disclosure may mean the maximum value of transmit power, the nominal UE maximum transmit power, or the rated UE maximum transmit power.

[0414] As used in this disclosure, the terms "connected," "coupled," or any variation thereof, refer to any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are "connected" or "coupled" to each other. The coupling or connection between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, "connected" may be read as "access."

[0415] In this disclosure, when two elements are connected, they may be considered to be "connected" or "coupled" to one another using one or more wires, cables, printed electrical connections, etc., as well as using electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency range, microwave range, light (both visible and invisible) range, etc., as some non-limiting and non-exhaustive examples.

[0416] In the present disclosure, the term "A and B are different" may mean "A and B are different from each other." The term may also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "coupled" may also be interpreted in the same way as "different."

[0417] When the terms "include," "including," and variations thereof are used in this disclosure, these terms are intended to be inclusive, similar to the term "comprising." Furthermore, when the term "or" is used in this disclosure, it is not intended to be an exclusive or.

[0418] In this disclosure, where articles are added by translation, such as a, an, and the in English, the disclosure may include that the nouns following these articles are in the plural form.

[0419] In the present disclosure, terms such as "less than or equal to," "less than," "greater than," "more than," "equal to," etc. may be interchangeable. Furthermore, in the present disclosure, terms meaning "good," "bad," "big," "small," "high," "low," "fast," "slow," "wide," "narrow," etc. may be interchangeable, not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative. Furthermore, in the present disclosure, terms meaning "good," "bad," "big," "small," "high," "low," "fast," "slow," "wide," "narrow," etc. may be interchangeable, not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative, as expressions with "i-th" (i is an arbitrary integer) attached (for example, "highest" may be interchangeable with "i-th highest").

[0420] In this disclosure, the terms "of," "for," "regarding," "related to," "associated with," etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0421] In the present disclosure, terms such as "when A, B," "if A, (then) B," "B upon A," "B in response to A," "B based on A," "B during / while A," "B before A," "B at (the same time as) / on A," "B after A," "B since A," and "B until A" may be interchangeable. Note that A, B, and the like herein may be replaced with appropriate expressions such as nouns, gerunds, and regular sentences, depending on the context. Note that the time difference between A and B may be approximately zero (immediately after or immediately before). A time offset may also be applied to the time at which A occurs. For example, "A" may be interchangeable with "before / after a time offset at which A occurs." The time offset (eg, one or more symbols / slots) may be predefined or may be specified by the UE based on signaled information.

[0422] In the present disclosure, timing, time, duration, time instance, any time unit (e.g., slot, subslot, symbol, subframe), period, occasion, resource, etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0423] Although the invention according to the present disclosure has been described in detail above, it is clear to those skilled in the art that the invention according to the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in the present disclosure. The description of the present disclosure is for illustrative purposes only and does not impose any limiting meaning on the invention according to the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A terminal having a receiving unit that receives a first setting of a first maximum number of timing advance groups (TAGs) that can be set in a first cell and a second setting of a second maximum number of TAGs that can be set in a second cell included in the first cell; and a control unit that assumes, based on the first setting, that a number of TAGs equal to or less than the first maximum number will be set in the first cell, and that, based on the second setting, assumes that a number of TAGs equal to or less than the second maximum number will be set in the second cell.

2. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the first maximum number is determined based on at least one of the number of the second cells and the number of transmitting and receiving points in the first cell.

3. The terminal of claim 1, wherein the second maximum number is determined based on the number of transmitting and receiving points in the second cell.

4. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the control unit controls the terminal to report at least one of the first maximum number and the second maximum number as the capability of the terminal.

5. A wireless communication method for a terminal, comprising the steps of: receiving a first setting of a first maximum number of timing advance groups (TAGs) that can be set in a first cell; and a second setting of a second maximum number of TAGs that can be set in a second cell included in the first cell; and assuming, based on the first setting, that a number of TAGs equal to or less than the first maximum number will be set in the first cell; and assuming, based on the second setting, that a number of TAGs equal to or less than the second maximum number will be set in the second cell.

6. A base station having: a transmitter that transmits a first setting of a first maximum number of timing advance groups (TAGs) that can be set in a first cell; and a second setting of a second maximum number of TAGs that can be set in a second cell included in the first cell; and a controller that sets TAGs in the first cell up to the first maximum number based on the first setting, and sets TAGs in the second cell up to the second maximum number based on the second setting.

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