Method and apparatus for generating type-1 HARQ-ACK codebook in low band ca
By implementing a carrier switching pattern to manage RF tuning and determine valid PDSCH reception occasions, the issue of redundant bits in Type-1 HARQ-ACK codebooks is addressed, enhancing low-band CA efficiency and reducing design complexity.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-08
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-12
AI Technical Summary
In low-band carrier aggregation (CA) scenarios, the generation of Type-1 HARQ-ACK codebooks is challenged by redundant bits due to carrier switching, leading to inefficiencies and increased complexity in smartphone design and RF architecture.
A carrier switching pattern is introduced to manage RF tuning between carriers, determining valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions by excluding overlapping and switching gap occasions, and generating HARQ-ACK feedback based on decoding results and timing values.
This approach reduces redundant bits in the Type-1 HARQ-ACK codebook, simplifying smartphone design and improving data speeds by optimizing carrier usage and reducing complexity.
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Figure CN2025093523_12032026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATING TYPE-1 HARQ-ACK CODEBOOK IN LOW BAND CATECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication technology, and more particularly to Type-1 hybrid automatic repeat request acknowledgement (HARQ-ACK) codebook generation in low band carrier aggregation (CA) .BACKGROUND
[0002] A wireless communication system may include one or multiple network communication devices, such as base stations (BSs) , which may support wireless communication for one or multiple user communication devices, which may be otherwise known as user equipment (UE) , or other suitable terminology. The wireless communication system may support wireless communication with one or multiple user communication devices by utilizing resources of the wireless communication system (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) ) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers, or the like) . Additionally, the wireless communication system may support wireless communication across various radio access technologies including third generation (3G) radio access technology, fourth generation (4G) radio access technology, fifth generation (5G) (which is also known as new radio (NR) ) radio access technology, among other suitable radio access technologies beyond 5G (e.g., sixth generation (6G) ) .SUMMARY
[0003] An article “a” before an element is unrestricted and understood to refer to “at least one” of those elements or “one or more” of those elements. The terms “a, ” “at least one, ” “one or more, ” and “at least one of one or more” may be interchangeable. As used herein, including in the claims, “or” as used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items prefaced by a phrase such as “at least one of” or “one or more of” or “one or both of”) indicates an inclusive list such that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C) . Also, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step that is described as “based on condition A” may be based on both a condition A and a condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall be construed in the same manner as the phrase “based at least in part on. ” Further, as used herein, including in the claims, a “set” , a “group” or a “list” may include one or more elements.
[0004] Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a UE. The UE may include at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the UE to: receive, from a BS, signaling indicating a carrier switching pattern, wherein the carrier switching pattern indicates a first number of slots for the UE to receive downlink transmission on a first carrier and a second number of slots for the UE to receive downlink transmission on a second carrier; receive, from the BS, a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) on the first carrier or the second carrier; determine a set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the first carrier and the second carrier, wherein the PDSCH is received within the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions; generate HARQ-ACK feedback corresponding to the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions and the PDSCH; and transmit, to the BS, the generated HARQ-ACK feedback on the first carrier.
[0005] In some embodiments, the at least one processor is configured to cause the UE to determine the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions by: combining the first carrier and the second carrier to form a virtual carrier according to the carrier switching pattern; determining a first set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the virtual carrier based on a respective set of PDSCH-to-HARQ feedback timing values for each of the first carrier and the second carrier; excluding a candidate PDSCH reception occasion that overlaps at least one uplink symbol indicated by a high layer parameter on the first carrier or the second carrier from the first set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions, to determine a second set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the virtual carrier; and excluding a candidate PDSCH reception occasion that overlaps a switching gap between the first carrier and the second carrier in a time domain from the second set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions, to determine a set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the virtual carrier.
[0006] In some embodiments, the at least one processor is configured to cause the UE to determine the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions by: combining the first carrier and the second carrier to form a virtual carrier according to the carrier switching pattern; and determining a set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the virtual carrier based on a respective set of PDSCH-to-HARQ feedback timing values for each of the first carrier and the second carrier.
[0007] In some embodiments, the at least one processor is configured to cause the UE to generate the HARQ-ACK feedback corresponding to the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions and the PDSCH by: generating a negative acknowledgement (NACK) for each candidate PDSCH reception occasion in the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the virtual carrier; and generating first HARQ-ACK feedback corresponding to the PDSCH based on a decoding result of the PDSCH.
[0008] In some embodiments, the at least one processor is configured to cause the UE to concatenate the generated NACK for each candidate PDSCH reception occasion and the first HARQ-ACK feedback according to associated PDSCH reception occasions on the virtual carrier.
[0009] In some embodiments, the at least one processor is configured to cause the UE to determine the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions by: for each of the first carrier and the second carrier: determining a first set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions on a corresponding carrier based on a set of PDSCH-to-HARQ feedback timing values for the corresponding carrier; excluding a candidate PDSCH reception occasion that is not within a set of slots on the corresponding carrier from the first set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions, to determine a second set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions on a corresponding carrier, wherein the set of slots is the first number of slots on the first carrier or the second number of slots on the second carrier; excluding a candidate PDSCH reception occasion that overlaps at least one uplink symbol indicated by a high layer parameter on the corresponding carrier from the second set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions, to determine a third set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the corresponding carrier; and excluding a candidate PDSCH reception occasion that overlaps a switching gap between the first carrier and the second carrier in a time domain from the third set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions, to determine a set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the corresponding carrier.
[0010] In some embodiments, the at least one processor is configured to cause the UE to determine the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions by: for each of the first carrier and the second carrier: determining a first set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions on a corresponding carrier based on a set of PDSCH-to-HARQ feedback timing values for the corresponding carrier; excluding a candidate PDSCH reception occasion that is not within a set of slots on the corresponding carrier from the first set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions, to determine a second set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the corresponding carrier, wherein the set of slots is the first number of slots on the first carrier or the second number of slots on the second carrier; and determining a set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the corresponding carrier based on the second set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions.
[0011] In some embodiments, the at least one processor is configured to cause the UE to generate the HARQ-ACK feedback corresponding to the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions and the PDSCH by: generating a NACK for each candidate PDSCH reception occasion in the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on each of the first carrier and the second carrier; and generating first HARQ-ACK feedback corresponding to the PDSCH based on a decoding result of the PDSCH.
[0012] In some embodiments, the at least one processor is configured to cause the UE to concatenate the generated NACK for each candidate PDSCH reception occasion and the first HARQ-ACK feedback firstly according to associated PDSCH reception occasions on a same carrier and then according to associated serving cell indexes of the first carrier and the second carrier.
[0013] In some embodiments, the PDSCH is received in a candidate PDSCH reception occasion that does not overlap a switching gap between the first carrier and the second carrier in a time domain among the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions.
[0014] Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a BS. The BS may include at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the BS to: transmit, to a UE, signaling indicating a carrier switching pattern, wherein the carrier switching pattern indicates a first number of slots for the UE to receive downlink transmission on a first carrier and a second number of slots for the UE to receive downlink transmission on a second carrier; transmit, to the UE, a PDSCH on the first carrier or the second carrier; determine a set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the first carrier and the second carrier, wherein the PDSCH is transmitted within the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions; and receive, from the UE, HARQ-ACK feedback corresponding to the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions and the PDSCH on the first carrier.
[0015] In some embodiments, the at least one processor is configured to cause the BS to determine the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions by: combining the first carrier and the second carrier to form a virtual carrier according to the carrier switching pattern; determining a first set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the virtual carrier based on a respective set of PDSCH-to-HARQ feedback timing values for each of the first carrier and the second carrier; excluding a candidate PDSCH reception occasion that overlaps at least one uplink symbol indicated by a high layer parameter on the first carrier or the second carrier from the first set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions, to determine a second set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the virtual carrier; and excluding a candidate PDSCH reception occasion that overlaps a switching gap between the first carrier and the second carrier in a time domain from the second set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions, to determine a set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the virtual carrier.
[0016] In some embodiments, the at least one processor is configured to cause the BS to determine the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions by: combining the first carrier and the second carrier to form a virtual carrier according to the carrier switching pattern; and determining a set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the virtual carrier based on a respective set of PDSCH-to-HARQ feedback timing values for each of the first carrier and the second carrier.
[0017] In some embodiments, the HARQ-ACK feedback includes a NACK for each candidate PDSCH reception occasion in the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the virtual carrier and first HARQ-ACK feedback corresponding to the PDSCH generated by the UE based on a decoding result of the PDSCH.
[0018] In some embodiments, the NACK for each candidate PDSCH reception occasion and the first HARQ-ACK feedback are ordered according to associated PDSCH reception occasions on the virtual carrier.
[0019] In some embodiments, the at least one processor is configured to cause the BS to determine the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions by: for each of the first carrier and the second carrier: determining a first set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions on a corresponding carrier based on a set of PDSCH-to-HARQ feedback timing values for the corresponding carrier; excluding a candidate PDSCH reception occasion that is not within a set of slots on the corresponding carrier from the first set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions, to determine a second set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions on a corresponding carrier, wherein the set of slots is the first number of slots on the first carrier or the second number of slots on the second carrier; excluding a candidate PDSCH reception occasion that overlaps at least one uplink symbol indicated by a high layer parameter on the corresponding carrier from the second set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions, to determine a third set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the corresponding carrier; and excluding a candidate PDSCH reception occasion that overlaps a switching gap between the first carrier and the second carrier in a time domain from the third set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions, to determine a set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the corresponding carrier.
[0020] In some embodiments, the at least one processor is configured to cause the BS to determine the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions by: for each of the first carrier and the second carrier: determining a first set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions on a corresponding carrier based on a set of PDSCH-to-HARQ feedback timing values for the corresponding carrier; excluding a candidate PDSCH reception occasion that is not within a set of slots on the corresponding carrier from the first set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions, to determine a second set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the corresponding carrier, wherein the set of slots is the first number of slots on the first carrier or the second number of slots on the second carrier; and determining a set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the corresponding carrier based on the second set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions.
[0021] In some embodiments, the HARQ-ACK feedback includes a NACK for each candidate PDSCH reception occasion in the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on each of the first carrier and the second carrier and first HARQ-ACK feedback corresponding to the PDSCH generated by the UE based on a decoding result of the PDSCH.
[0022] In some embodiments, the NACK for each candidate PDSCH reception occasion and the first HARQ-ACK feedback are ordered firstly according to associated PDSCH reception occasions on a same carrier and then according to associated serving cell indexes of the first carrier and the second carrier.
[0023] In some embodiments, the PDSCH is transmitted in a candidate PDSCH reception occasion that does not overlap a switching gap between the first carrier and the second carrier in a time domain among the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions.
[0024] In some embodiments, the switching gap is indicated by the carrier switching pattern or predefined. In some embodiments, the at least one processor is configured to cause the BS to transmit the switching gap to the UE.
[0025] Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a processor. The processor may include at least one controller coupled with at least one memory and configured to cause the processor to: receive signaling indicating a carrier switching pattern, wherein the carrier switching pattern indicates a first number of slots for a UE to receive downlink transmission on a first carrier and a second number of slots for the UE to receive downlink transmission on a second carrier; receive a PDSCH on the first carrier or the second carrier; determine a set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the first carrier and the second carrier, wherein the PDSCH is received within the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions; generate HARQ-ACK feedback corresponding to the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions and the PDSCH; and transmit the generated HARQ-ACK feedback on the first carrier.
[0026] Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a processor. The processor may include at least one controller coupled with at least one memory and configured to cause the processor to: transmit, to a UE, signaling indicating a carrier switching pattern, wherein the carrier switching pattern indicates a first number of slots for the UE to receive downlink transmission on a first carrier and a second number of slots for the UE to receive downlink transmission on a second carrier; transmit, to the UE, a PDSCH on the first carrier or the second carrier; determine a set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the first carrier and the second carrier, wherein the PDSCH is received within the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions; and receive, from the UE, HARQ-ACK feedback corresponding to the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions and the PDSCH on the first carrier.
[0027] Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method for wireless communication. The method may include: receiving signaling indicating a carrier switching pattern, wherein the carrier switching pattern indicates a first number of slots for a UE to receive downlink transmission on a first carrier and a second number of slots for the UE to receive downlink transmission on a second carrier; receiving a PDSCH on the first carrier or the second carrier; determining a set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the first carrier and the second carrier, wherein the PDSCH is received within the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions; generating HARQ-ACK feedback corresponding to the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions and the PDSCH; and transmitting the generated HARQ-ACK feedback on the first carrier.
[0028] Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method for wireless communication. The method may include: transmitting, to a UE, signaling indicating a carrier switching pattern, wherein the carrier switching pattern indicates a first number of slots for the UE to receive downlink transmission on a first carrier and a second number of slots for the UE to receive downlink transmission on a second carrier; transmitting, to the UE, a PDSCH on the first carrier or the second carrier; determining a set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the first carrier and the second carrier, wherein the PDSCH is received within the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions; and receiving, from the UE, HARQ-ACK feedback corresponding to the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions and the PDSCH on the first carrier.
[0029] Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide an apparatus. According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the apparatus may include: at least one non-transitory computer-readable medium having stored thereon computer-executable instructions; at least one receiving circuitry; at least one transmitting circuitry; and at least one processor coupled to the at least one non-transitory computer-readable medium, the at least one receiving circuitry and the at least one transmitting circuitry, wherein the at least one non-transitory computer-readable medium and the computer executable instructions may be configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform a method according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0030] In order to describe the manner in which the advantages and features of the disclosure can be obtained, a description of the disclosure is rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof, which are illustrated in the appended drawings. These drawings depict only exemplary embodiments of the disclosure and are not therefore to be considered limiting of its scope.
[0031] FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of a wireless communication system in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0032] FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary band combination in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0033] FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary carrier switching pattern in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0034] FIGs. 4A-5B illustrate exemplary methods for HARQ-ACK codebook generation in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0035] FIGs. 6 and 7 illustrate flowcharts of wireless communication methods in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0036] FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a UE in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0037] FIG. 9 illustrates an example of a processor in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure; and
[0038] FIG. 10 illustrates an example of network equipment (NE) in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0039] The detailed description of the appended drawings is intended as a description of the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure and is not intended to represent the only form in which the present disclosure may be practiced. It should be understood that the same or equivalent functions may be accomplished by different embodiments that are intended to be encompassed within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.
[0040] Reference will now be made in detail to some embodiments of the present disclosure, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. To facilitate understanding, embodiments are provided under a specific network architecture (s) and new service scenarios, such as the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) 5G NR or 6G, 3GPP LTE, and so on. It is contemplated that along with the developments of network architectures and new service scenarios, all embodiments in the present disclosure are also applicable to similar technical problems; and moreover, the terminologies recited in the present disclosure may change, which should not affect the principles of the present disclosure.
[0041] A low-band spectrum is essential to communication networks due to its good coverage and penetration capabilities. The limited availability of a low-band spectrum can lead to congestion, resulting in poor data speeds and a poor customer experience. Therefore, the industry desires low-low CA to improve low band capacity.
[0042] However, in the low-band CA scenario, there may be some problems with Type-1 HARQ-ACK codebook generation. For example, due to carrier switching, too many redundant bits may be included in the Type-1 HARQ-ACK codebook. Solutions are provided to address at least the above issue.
[0043] FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of wireless communication system 100 in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0044] The wireless communication system 100 may include one or more NEs 102 (e.g., one or more BSs) , one or more UEs 104, and a core network (CN) 106. The wireless communication system 100 may support various radio access technologies. In some implementations, the wireless communication system 100 may be a 4G network, such as an LTE network or an LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) network. In some other implementations, the wireless communication system 100 may be an NR network, such as a 5G network, a 5G-Advanced (5G-A) network, or a 5G ultra-wideband (5G-UWB) network. In other implementations, the wireless communication system 100 may be a combination of a 4G network and a 5G network, or other suitable radio access technology including Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi) , IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) , and IEEE 802.20. The wireless communication system 100 may support radio access technologies beyond 5G, for example, 6G. Additionally, the wireless communication system 100 may support technologies, such as time division multiple access (TDMA) , frequency division multiple access (FDMA) , or code division multiple access (CDMA) , etc.
[0045] The one or more NEs 102 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region to form the wireless communication system 100. One or more of the NEs 102 described herein may be or include or may be referred to as a network node, a base station, a network element, a network function, a network entity, a radio access network (RAN) , a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB (gNB) , or other suitable terminology. An NE 102 and a UE 104 may communicate via a communication link, which may be a wireless or wired connection. For example, an NE 102 and a UE 104 may perform wireless communication (e.g., receive signaling, transmit signaling) over a Uu interface.
[0046] An NE 102 may provide a geographic coverage area for which the NE 102 may support services for one or more UEs 104 within the geographic coverage area. For example, an NE 102 and a UE 104 may support wireless communication of signals related to services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc. ) according to one or multiple radio access technologies. In some implementations, an NE 102 may be moveable, for example, a satellite associated with a non-terrestrial network (NTN) . In some implementations, different geographic coverage areas 112 associated with the same or different radio access technologies may overlap, but the different geographic coverage areas may be associated with a different NE 102.
[0047] The one or more UEs 104 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region of the wireless communication system 100. A UE 104 may include or may be referred to as a remote unit, a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a subscriber device, a transmitter device, a receiver device, or some other suitable terminology. In some implementations, the UE 104 may be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 104 may be referred to as an Internet-of-Things (IoT) device, an Internet-of-Everything (IoE) device, or machine-type communication (MTC) device, among other examples.
[0048] A UE 104 may be able to support wireless communication directly with other UEs 104 over a communication link. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a device-to-device (D2D) communication link. In some implementations, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) deployments, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) deployments, or cellular-V2X deployments, the communication link 114 may be referred to as a sidelink. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a PC5 interface.
[0049] An NE 102 may support communication with the CN 106, or with another NE 102, or both. For example, an NE 102 may interface with another NE 102 or the CN 106 through one or more backhaul links (e.g., S1, N2, N3 or another network interface) . In some implementations, the NE 102 may communicate with each other directly. In some other implementations, the NE 102 may communicate with each other or indirectly (e.g., via the CN 106) . In some implementations, one or more NEs 102 may include subcomponents, such as an access network entity, which may be an example of an access node controller (ANC) . An ANC may communicate with the one or more UEs 104 through one or more other access network transmission entities, which may be referred to as radio heads, smart radio heads, or transmission-reception points (TRPs) .
[0050] The CN 106 may support user authentication, access authorization, tracking, connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The CN 106 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) , or a 5G core (5GC) , which may include a control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME) , an access and mobility management functions (AMF) ) and a user plane entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW) , a Packet Data Network (PDN) gateway (P-GW) , or a user plane function (UPF) ) . In some implementations, the control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management (e.g., data bearers, signal bearers, etc. ) for the one or more UEs 104 served by the one or more NEs 102 associated with the CN 106.
[0051] The CN 106 may communicate with a packet data network over one or more backhaul links (e.g., via an S1, N2, N3, or another network interface) . The packet data network may include an application server. In some implementations, one or more UEs 104 may communicate with the application server. A UE 104 may establish a session (e.g., a protocol data unit (PDU) session, or the like) with the CN 106 via an NE 102. The CN 106 may route traffic (e.g., control information, data, and the like) between the UE 104 and the application server using the established session (e.g., the established PDU session) . The PDU session may be an example of a logical connection between the UE 104 and the CN 106 (e.g., one or more network functions of the CN 106) .
[0052] In the wireless communication system 100, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may use resources of the wireless communication system 100 (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers) ) to perform various operations (e.g., wireless communication) . In some implementations, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may support different resource structures. For example, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may support different frame structures. In some implementations, such as in 4G, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may support a single frame structure. In some other implementations, such as in 5G and among other suitable radio access technologies, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures (i.e., multiple frame structures) . The NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures based on one or more numerologies.
[0053] In some embodiments, the NEs 102 may include one or more relay nodes, integrated access and backhaul (IAB) nodes or wireless access backhaul (WAB) nodes which can provide wireless access services for UEs 104. A relay node (or an IAB node or a WAB node) can directly connect to a BS or hop through one or more relay nodes (or one or more IAB or WAB nodes) before reaching the BS.
[0054] One or more numerologies may be supported in the wireless communication system 100, and a numerology may include subcarrier spacing and a cyclic prefix. A first numerology (e.g., μ=0) may be associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. In some implementations, the first numerology (e.g., μ=0) associated with the first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may utilize one slot per subframe. A second numerology (e.g., μ=1) may be associated with a second subcarrier spacing (e.g., 30 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A third numerology (e.g., μ=2) may be associated with a third subcarrier spacing (e.g., 60 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix or an extended cyclic prefix. A fourth numerology (e.g., μ=3) may be associated with a fourth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 120 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A fifth numerology (e.g., μ=4) may be associated with a fifth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 240 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A sixth numerology (e.g., μ=5) may be associated with a sixth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 480 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A seventh numerology (e.g., μ=6) may be associated with a seventh subcarrier spacing (e.g., 960 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. For ambient IoT communication, additional numerologies (e.g., μ=-1 or μ=-2) may be introduced corresponding to 7.5 kHz or 3.75 kHz, respectively.
[0055] A time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to frames (also referred to as radio frames) . Each frame may have a duration, for example, a 10 millisecond (ms) duration. In some implementations, each frame may include multiple subframes. For example, each frame may include 10 subframes, and each subframe may have a duration, for example, a 1 ms duration. In some implementations, each frame may have the same duration. In some implementations, each subframe of a frame may have the same duration.
[0056] Additionally or alternatively, a time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to slots. For example, a subframe may include a number (e.g., quantity) of slots. The number of slots in each subframe may also depend on the one or more numerologies supported in the wireless communication system 100. For instance, the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth numerologies (i.e., μ=0, μ=1, μ=2, μ=3, μ=4) associated with respective subcarrier spacings of 15 kHz, 30 kHz, 60 kHz, 120 kHz, and 240 kHz may utilize a single slot per subframe, two slots per subframe, four slots per subframe, eight slots per subframe, and 16 slots per subframe, respectively. Each slot may include a number (e.g., quantity) of symbols (e.g., orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols) . In some implementations, the number (e.g., quantity) of slots for a subframe may depend on a numerology. For a normal cyclic prefix, a slot may include 14 symbols. For an extended cyclic prefix (e.g., applicable for 60 kHz subcarrier spacing) , a slot may include 12 symbols. The relationship between the number of symbols per slot, the number of slots per subframe, and the number of slots per frame for a normal cyclic prefix and an extended cyclic prefix may depend on a numerology. It should be understood that reference to a first numerology (e.g., μ=0) associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may be used interchangeably between subframes and slots.
[0057] In the wireless communication system 100, an electromagnetic (EM) spectrum may be split, based on frequency or wavelength, into various classes, frequency bands, frequency channels, etc. By way of example, the wireless communication system 100 may support one or multiple operating frequency bands, such as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz –7.125 GHz) , FR2 (24.25 GHz –52.6 GHz) , FR3 (7.125 GHz –24.25 GHz) , FR4 (52.6 GHz –114.25 GHz) , FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz –71 GHz) , and FR5 (114.25 GHz –300 GHz) . In some implementations, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may perform wireless communication over one or more of the operating frequency bands. In some implementations, FR1 may be used by the NEs 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for cellular communication traffic (e.g., control information, data) . In some implementations, FR2 may be used by the NEs 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for short-range, high data rate capabilities.
[0058] FR1 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g., at least three numerologies) . For example, FR1 may be associated with a first numerology (e.g., μ=0) , which includes 15 kHz subcarrier spacing; a second numerology (e.g., μ=1) , which includes 30 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a third numerology (e.g., μ=2) , which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing. FR2 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g., at least two numerologies) . For example, FR2 may be associated with a third numerology (e.g., μ=2) , which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a fourth numerology (e.g., μ=3) , which includes 120 kHz subcarrier spacing.
[0059] A UE 104 may include computing devices, such as desktop computers, laptop computers, personal digital assistants (PDAs) , tablet computers, smart televisions (e.g., televisions connected to the Internet) , set-top boxes, game consoles, security systems (including security cameras) , vehicle on-board computers, network devices (e.g., routers, switches, and modems) , or the like. According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, a UE 104 may include a portable wireless communication device, a smart phone, a cellular telephone, a flip phone, a device having a subscriber identity module, a personal computer, a selective call receiver, or any other device that is capable of sending and receiving communication signals on a wireless network. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a UE 104 includes wearable devices, such as smart watches, fitness bands, optical head-mounted displays, or the like. Moreover, a UE 104 may be referred to as a subscriber unit, a mobile, a mobile station, a user, a terminal, a mobile terminal, a wireless terminal, a fixed terminal, a subscriber station, a user terminal, or a device, or described using other terminology used in the art. A UE 104 may communicate with an NE 102 (e.g., a BS) via uplink (UL) communication signals. An NE 102 may communicate with a UE 104 via downlink (DL) communication signals.
[0060] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, an NE 102 and a UE 104 may communicate over licensed spectrums, whereas in some other embodiments, an NE 102 and a UE 104 may communicate over unlicensed spectrums. The present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the implementation of any particular wireless communication system architecture or protocol. Persons skilled in the art should understand that as technology develops and advances, the terminologies described in the present disclosure may change, but should not affect or limit the principles and spirit of the present disclosure.
[0061] A low-band spectrum is essential to communication networks due to its good coverage and penetration capabilities. For example, as a UE moves between different sites, such as urban and rural areas, it increasingly relies on low-band coverage. This spectrum carries significant traffic volume in both urban and rural markets. However, limited availability of the low-band spectrum can lead to congestion, resulting in poor data speeds and a poor customer experience, especially in areas where low-band coverage is dominant.
[0062] To enhance low band capacity, low-low band CA may be employed. This approach faces several challenges. For example, large fractional bandwidths in a low-band spectrum add complexity to smartphone design, particularly from an antenna design perspective. If an original equipment manufacturer (OEM) chooses to implement a single antenna to aggregate these bands, tuning solutions may be required to optimize performance. Optimizing for both bands simultaneously can be challenging due to their separation in frequencies. Another potential design choice is to implement additional antenna elements to support these combinations. However, this approach may introduce cost and RF architecture complexity, including the need for additional components and increased form factor volume. These practical implementation challenges may pose a barrier to the widespread adoption of low-low CA solutions across a broad range of devices.
[0063] For example, referring to FIG. 2, band 221 and band 223 are aggregated for a UE and each corresponds to a cell. In some embodiments, band 221 and band 223 may both be low frequency bands. For example, band 221 may be band n5 or band n12 and band 223 may be band n29. In some embodiments, band 221 is a frequency division duplexing (FDD) band, which can be used for DL transmissions and UL transmissions. Band 223 is a DL only band (i.e., a supplementary DL band) , which can be used only for DL transmission. Band 223 cannot be paired with the UL of band 221 due to the close proximity of band 223 to the UL of band 221 in the frequency domain, making it impossible to separate the two bands using filters. In addition, UE vendors choose a single antenna to aggregate band 223 and band 221, which implies that both band 221 and band 223 cannot be activated simultaneously. In this sense, the UE has to switch back and forth, between band 221 and band 223, with the consideration of a switching delay for each carrier switching.
[0064] For example, to aggregate a low-band spectrum and switch between aggregated bands, the following solution needs to be supported: - a UE supports switching: when the secondary cell (SCell) operation is triggered, the UE needs to switch to the SCell, and during the operation period there is no simultaneous transmission or reception between the Primary Cell (PCell) and the SCell; and - the UE switches back to the PCell after the SCell operation is finished.
[0065] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a carrier switching pattern is introduced for a UE to tune its RF between carriers (e.g., two or more low frequency bands) . For example, for a UE configured with low band CA, a carrier switching pattern may be configured for the UE by a BS via signaling. The carrier switching pattern may indicate the UE to tune its RF between two carriers (denoted as carrier #1 and carrier #2) , each of which may correspond to a cell. For example, carrier #1 may be configured as cell #1 and carrier #2 may be configured as cell #2.
[0066] In some embodiments, there are two cases for the UE to operate on such a band combination: - Case 1: When the UE switches to carrier #1, the UE receives DL transmissions only on cell #1 and transmits UL transmissions only on cell #1. The UE does not monitor any DL transmissions on cell #2 or transmit anything on cell #2. - Case 2: When the UE switches to carrier #2, the UE receives DL transmissions only on cell #2. The UE does not monitor any DL transmissions on cell #1 or transmit anything on cell #1.
[0067] For example, the UE can perform both DL transmissions and UL transmissions on carrier #1 and can only perform DL transmissions on carrier #2. For example, carrier #1 is an FDD carrier with paired UL and DL bands while carrier #2 is a DL-only carrier (also known as a supplementary DL (SDL) carrier) and cell #2 is a DL-only cell. In some embodiments, cell #1 may be configured as the PCell and cell #2 may be configured as an SCell.
[0068] FIG. 3 illustrates exemplary carrier switching pattern 300 for a UE to switch back and forth between carriers in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the sake of simplicity, it is assumed that one frame in FIG. 3 includes 10 slots, indexed from slot 0 to slot 9, each slot having a duration of 1 ms. It should be noted that other numerologies can be used, which are also covered by the present disclosure.
[0069] As shown in FIG. 3, carrier 1 is an FDD carrier and carrier 2 is a DL-only carrier. Each of carrier 1 and carrier 2 may correspond to one cell. For example, carrier 1 may be configured as the PCell and carrier 2 may be configured as an SCell. Carrier switching pattern 300 indicates that within one frame (e.g., frame m) or 10 ms, the first 6 consecutive slots (e.g., from slot 0 to slot 5 in frame m) are assigned for carrier 1 and the remaining 4 consecutive slots (e.g., from slot 6 to slot 9 in frame m) are assigned for carrier 2. For example, carrier switching pattern 300 may be a semi-static carrier switching pattern. For example, carrier switching pattern 300 may be repeated multiple times within a configured periodicity of, for example, 40 ms, 80 ms or 160 ms. The UE and the BS may transmit or receive on a corresponding carrier based on carrier switching pattern 300.
[0070] However, in the low-band CA scenario, there may be some problems with Type-1 HARQ-ACK codebook (also known as semi-static HARQ-ACK codebook) generation.
[0071] For example, a Type-1 HARQ-ACK codebook is generated for a set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions, which is determined based on a set of PDSCH-to-HARQ timing values (also referred to as "a set of PDSCH-to-HARQ feedback timing values" or "K1 set" ) and PDSCH time domain resource allocation table. For example, the K1 set may be configured to a UE via RRC signaling or predefined in a standard (s) . For example, the K1 set may be configured or predefined per carrier or per cell. A UE may determine a time for transmitting a Type-1 HARQ-ACK codebook based on a PDSCH-to-HARQ_feedback timing indicator in a scheduling DCI format, and determine candidate PDSCH reception occasions based on the time for transmitting the codebook and the K1 set. The Type-1 HARQ-ACK codebook may include HARQ-ACK information bits for these candidate PDSCH reception occasions, regardless of whether a PDSCH is actually scheduled within a candidate PDSCH reception occasion. Due to carrier switching, too many redundant bits may be included in the Type-1 HARQ-ACK codebook.
[0072] For example, referring to FIG. 3, it is assumed that K1 set is {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8} for both carrier 1 and carrier 2. A UE may receive a PDSCH on slot 7 of frame m on carrier 2 and may determine that the candidate PDSCH reception occasions for Type-1 HARQ-ACK codebook generation include candidate PDSCH reception occasions from slot 2 to slot 9 on both carrier 1 and carrier 2. However, for low band CA via switching, both carriers cannot be used to transmit PDSCHs simultaneously due to carrier switching back and forth between two carriers. For example, according to carrier switching pattern 300, from slot 0 to slot 5 of frame m, a PDSCH can be transmitted only on carrier 1; and from slot 6 to slot 9 of frame m, a PDSCH can be transmitted only on carrier 2. However, the UE may still generate HARQ-ACK information bits for slot 2 to slot 5 of frame m on carrier 2 and HARQ-ACK information bits for slot 6 to slot 9 of frame m on carrier 1, which would result in many redundant bits in the Type-1 HARQ-ACK codebook to be transmitted on carrier 1.
[0073] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide solutions for improving Type-1 HARQ-ACK codebook generation in low band CA via carrier switching. The proposed solutions can exclude invalid candidate PDSCH reception occasions based on the carrier switching pattern, thereby reducing the payload size of the Type-1 HARQ-ACK codebook. More details on the embodiments of the present disclosure will be illustrated in the following text in combination with the appended drawings.
[0074] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, for a UE configured with low band CA, a carrier switching pattern may be configured for the UE by a BS via, for example, RRC signaling. The carrier switching pattern may indicate the UE to tune its RF between two carriers (e.g., carrier #1 and carrier #2) , each of which may correspond to a cell. The UE can perform both DL transmissions and UL transmissions on carrier #1 and can only perform DL transmissions on carrier #2. For example, carrier #1 is an FDD carrier with paired UL and DL band and carrier #2 is DL-only carrier. The HARQ-ACK feedback for DL transmissions on both carriers is transmitted on the UL band of carrier #1. In the context of the present disclosure, the term "carrier" and "cell" can be used interchangeably.
[0075] In some embodiments, there are two cases for the UE to operate on such a band combination: - Case #1: When the UE switches to carrier #1, the UE receives DL transmissions only on carrier #1 and transmits UL transmissions only on carrier #1. The UE does not monitor any DL transmissions on carrier #2 or transmit anything on carrier #2. - Case #2: When the UE switches to carrier #2, the UE receives DL transmissions only on carrier #2. The UE does not monitor any DL transmissions on carrier #1 or transmit anything on carrier #1.
[0076] To avoid redundant HARQ-ACK information bits in a Type-1 HARQ-ACK codebook, a UE may determine a set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on carrier #1 and carrier #2 and generate the HARQ-ACK codebook based on the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions and actually received PDSCH (s) . Various methods can be used to determine the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions.
[0077] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a virtual carrier is defined according to the carrier switching pattern, wherein the virtual carrier can be regarded as an aggregation of both carrier #1 and carrier #2. For example, the UE may combine carrier #1 and carrier #2 to form a virtual carrier according to the carrier switching pattern, and then determine a set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the virtual carrier based on a respective set of PDSCH-to-HARQ feedback timing values (i.e., K1 set) for each of carrier #1 and carrier #2.
[0078] For example, the UE may determine a set of valid slots (denoted as slot set #A1) where the DL transmission can be scheduled on carrier #1 and another set of valid slots (denoted as slot set #A2) where the DL transmission can be scheduled on carrier #2. Clearly, the two slot sets do not overlap in the time domain. The time domain resource of the virtual carrier is determined by aggregating slot set #A1 and slot set #A2. That is, the time domain resource of the virtual carrier is the union set of the valid slots on the two carriers.
[0079] In some embodiments, one or more symbols of the virtual carrier may be reserved as the switching gap. The switching gap can be defined according to the carrier switching pattern, configured by the BS via RRC signaling, or predefined in a standard (s) . For example, the number of symbols and symbol indexes of the switching gap can be indicated.
[0080] In some embodiments, when the UE receives a PDSCH on a carrier (e.g., carrier #1 or carrier #2) , the UE determines that the corresponding HARQ-ACK information is to be transmitted in slot #n based on the associated DCI (i.e., the DCI scheduling the PDSCH) . For example, slot #n can be determined based on the PDSCH-to-HARQ_feedback timing field in the DCI. If the UE is configured with a Type-1 HARQ-ACK codebook, the UE may: (a1) determine candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the virtual carrier according to the K1 set; (a2) on the virtual carrier, select the candidate PDSCH reception occasions with none of the symbols of the corresponding candidate PDSCH that overlaps at least one uplink symbol on carrier #1 or carrier #2; and (a3) on the virtual carrier, select the candidate PDSCH reception occasions with none of the symbols of the corresponding candidate PDSCH that overlaps a switching gap between carrier #1 or carrier #2 in the time domain.
[0081] In some embodiments, uplink symbols on a carrier may be indicated by a high layer parameter (e.g., "tdd-UL-DL-ConfigurationCommon" or "tdd-UL-DL-ConfigurationDedicated" as specified in 3GPP specifications) . In step (a2) , the candidate PDSCH reception occasion (s) on the virtual carrier that collides with the uplink symbols is excluded. In step (a3) , the candidate PDSCH reception occasion (s) on the virtual carrier that collides with the switching gap is excluded. In some embodiments, the BS may not transmit a PDSCH to the UE if the PDSCH overlaps the switching gap. In other words, from the perspective of the UE, the UE may only receive a PDSCH in a candidate PDSCH reception occasion that does not overlap the switching gap.
[0082] In some embodiments, the UE may perform step (a1) , step (a2) and step (a3) to determine the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions. That is, for each candidate PDSCH reception occasion on the virtual carrier derived from the K1 set, only if the corresponding candidate PDSCH that does not collide with the uplink symbols and does not overlap the switching gap, the corresponding candidate PDSCH reception occasion is a valid candidate PDSCH reception occasion.
[0083] In some embodiments, step (a2) and step (a3) may be optional and the sequence of step (a2) and step (a3) may be modified. For example, the UE may only perform step (a1) to determine the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions. That is, the UE may determine the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the virtual carrier according to the K1 set and may not exclude the candidate PDSCH reception occasion (s) that collides with the uplink symbols or the switching gap. For example, the UE may only perform step (a1) and step (a2) to determine the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions. That is, the candidate PDSCH reception occasion (s) on the virtual carrier that collides with the switching gap may be included in the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions. The UE may generate a NACK for a candidate PDSCH reception occasion when generating a Type-1 HARQ-ACK codebook if this candidate PDSCH reception overlaps the switching gap. For example, the UE may only perform step (a1) and step (a3) to determine the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions. That is, the candidate PDSCH reception occasion (s) on the virtual carrier that collides with the uplink symbols may be included in the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions. The UE may generate a NACK for a candidate PDSCH reception occasion when generating a Type-1 HARQ-ACK codebook if this candidate PDSCH reception overlaps the uplink symbols.
[0084] After determining the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the virtual carrier based on the above methods, the UE may generate the HARQ-ACK information bits corresponding to the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions and the actually received PDSCH (s) . For example, the UE may generate a NACK for each valid candidate PDSCH reception occasion on the virtual carrier and may generate an ACK or a NACK corresponding to each of the actually received PDSCH (s) based on a decoding result of the corresponding PDSCH. That is, among the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the virtual carrier, if a PDSCH is actually received by the UE in a candidate PDSCH reception occasion, the corresponding HARQ-ACK feedback is generated based on the decoding outcome; and if no PDSCH is actually received by the UE in a valid candidate PDSCH reception occasion, a NACK bit is generated for this candidate PDSCH reception occasion.
[0085] The Type-1 HARQ-ACK codebook thus includes HARQ-ACK feedback for the virtual carrier, which includes HARQ-ACK information bits for both valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions and actually received PDSCH (s) (if any) on the virtual carrier with corresponding HARQ-ACK feedback to be transmitted in the same slot in the same PUCCH. In the Type-1 HARQ-ACK codebook, the generated HARQ-ACK information bits are ordered according to the associated PDSCH reception occasions on the virtual carrier. For example, the generated HARQ-ACK information bits are concatenated according to an ascending (or descending) order of both candidate PDSCH reception occasions and the actual PDSCH reception occasion (s) (if any) on the virtual carrier.
[0086] For example, the UE may perform step (a1) , step (a2) and step (a3) as shown above in the following manner to determine the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the virtual carrier and generate the Type-1 HARQ-ACK codebook. It should be noted that some of the steps below may be reordered or omitted to obtain the final valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions. The solutions thus modified are still covered by the present disclosure.
[0087] FIGs. 4A and 4B illustrate exemplary methods for HARQ-ACK codebook generation in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. Referring to FIGs. 4A and 4B, a carrier switching pattern is configured for a UE to switch back and forth between carrier #1 and carrier #2. For the sake of simplicity, it is assumed that one frame in FIGs. 4A and 4B includes 10 slots, indexed from slot 0 to slot 9, each slot having a duration of 1 ms. It should be noted that other numerologies can be used, which are also covered by the present disclosure.
[0088] In FIGs. 4A and 4B, carrier #1 may be an FDD carrier and carrier #2 may be a DL-only carrier. Each of carrier #1 and carrier #2 may correspond to one cell. For example, carrier #1 may be configured as the PCell and carrier #2 may be configured as an SCell. The carrier switching pattern indicates that within one frame (e.g., frame m) or 10 ms, the first 6 consecutive slots (e.g., from slot 0 to slot 5 in frame m) are assigned for carrier #1 and the remaining 4 consecutive slots (e.g., from slot 6 to slot 9 in frame m) are assigned for carrier #2. The carrier switching pattern may be repeated multiple times within a configured periodicity of, for example, 40 ms, 80 ms or 160 ms. The UE and the BS may transmit or receive on a corresponding carrier based on the carrier switching pattern.
[0089] Referring to FIGs. 4A and 4B, it is assumed that K1 set is {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8} for both carrier #1 and carrier #2. According to the carrier switching pattern, the UE may determine that slot set #A1 for carrier #1 includes slot 0 to slot 5 of frame m and slot set #A2 for carrier #2 includes slot 6 to slot 9 of frame m. Therefore, the virtual carrier can be defined according to the carrier switching pattern by aggregating slot set #A1 and slot set #A2. Accordingly, as shown in FIGs. 4A and 4B, the time domain resource of the virtual carrier is the union set of the valid slots on the two carriers, i.e., slot 0 to slot 9 of frame m. It is assumed that 2 symbols at the end of slot 9 of frame m of the virtual carrier (or at the end of slot 9 of frame m on carrier #2) are reserved as the switching gap and only one candidate PDSCH reception occasion is included in each slot on each carrier.
[0090] Referring to FIG. 4A, when a UE receives a PDSCH in slot 4 of frame m on carrier #1 (i.e., in slot 4 of frame m on the virtual carrier) with the corresponding HARQ-ACK to be transmitted in slot 0 of the next frame on carrier #1 (i.e., in slot 0 of the next frame on the virtual carrier) , the UE may implement the above Example 1 as follows to generate a Type-1 HARQ-ACK codebook. (1) Derive a set of slots, i.e., {slot 2, slot 3, slot 4, slot 5, slot 6, slot 7, slot 8, slot 9} , for the virtual carrier based on the K1 set. (2) On the virtual carrier, for each slot within {slot 2, slot 3, slot 4, slot 5, slot 6, slot 7, slot 8, slot 9} , exclude a candidate PDSCH reception occasion if at least one symbol of the corresponding candidate PDSCH is an uplink symbol (e.g., indicated by the high layer parameter tdd-UL-DL-ConfigurationCommon or tdd-UL-DL-ConfigurationDedicated) . It is assumed that no candidate PDSCH reception occasion is excluded in this step. (3) On the virtual carrier, further exclude a candidate PDSCH reception occasion if at least one symbol of the corresponding candidate PDSCH overlaps the switching gap. It is assumed that the candidate PDSCH reception occasion in slot 9 overlaps the switching gap at the end of slot 9 of frame m of the virtual carrier and is thus excluded in this step. (4) On the virtual carrier, generate a NACK bit for each remaining candidate PDSCH reception occasion, i.e., candidate PDSCH reception occasions in {slot 2, slot 3, slot 5, slot 6, slot 7, slot 8} ; and generate an ACK or NACK bit for each actually received PDSCH (e.g., the PDSCH in slot 4) based on decoding outcome. (5) Concatenate the generated HARQ-ACK information bits in an ascending order of associated PDSCH reception occasions on the virtual carrier.
[0091] For example, the generated Type-1 HARQ-ACK codebook can be presented as {c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7} , wherein c1, c2, c4, c5, c6, and c7 are NACK bits for valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions in {slot 2, slot 3, slot 5, slot 6, slot 7, slot 8} and c3 is the ACK or NACK bit for the PDSCH received by the UE in slot 4 on carrier #1 depending on the decoding outcome.
[0092] A similar example is shown in FIG. 4B. Referring to FIG. 4B, when a UE receives a PDSCH in slot 7 of frame m on carrier #2 (i.e., in slot 7 of frame m on the virtual carrier) with the corresponding HARQ-ACK to be transmitted in slot 0 of the next frame on carrier #1 (i.e., in slot 0 of the next frame on the virtual carrier) , the UE may implement the above Example 1 to generate a Type-1 HARQ-ACK codebook. For example, it is assumed that no candidate PDSCH reception occasion collides with a UL symbol and the candidate PDSCH reception occasion in slot 9 overlaps the switching gap at the end of slot 9 of frame m of the virtual carrier, the generated Type-1 HARQ-ACK codebook can be presented as {d1, d2, d3, d4, d5, d6, d7} , wherein d1, d2, d3, d4, d5, and d7 are NACK bits for valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions in {slot 2, slot 3, slot 4, slot 5, slot 6, slot 8} while d6 is the ACK or NACK bit for the PDSCH received by the UE in slot 7 on carrier #2 depending on the decoding outcome.
[0093] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on carrier #1 and carrier #2 may be determined according to the carrier switching pattern. For example, according to the carrier switching pattern, a UE may determine a set of valid slots (denoted as slot set #B1) where the DL transmission can be scheduled on carrier #1 and another set of valid slots (denoted as slot set #B2) where the DL transmission can be scheduled on carrier #2. Clearly, the two slot sets do not overlap in the time domain.
[0094] When the UE receives a PDSCH on a carrier (e.g., carrier #1 or carrier #2) , the UE determines that the corresponding HARQ-ACK information is to be transmitted in slot #n' based on the associated DCI (i.e., the DCI scheduling the PDSCH) . For example, slot #n' can be determined based on the PDSCH-to-HARQ_feedback timing field in the DCI. If the UE is configured with a Type-1 HARQ-ACK codebook, the UE may: (b1) determine candidate PDSCH reception occasions on each of the configured carriers (e.g., carrier #1 and carrier #2) according to the respective K1 set; (b2) on each carrier (e.g., each of carrier #1 and carrier #2) , select the candidate PDSCH reception occasions only within the corresponding set of valid slots (e.g., slot set #B1 or slot set #B2) where a DL transmission can be scheduled on the corresponding carrier; (b3) on each carrier (e.g., each of carrier #1 and carrier #2) , select the candidate PDSCH reception occasions with none of the symbols of the corresponding candidate PDSCH that overlaps at least one uplink symbol on the corresponding carrier; and (b4) on each carrier (e.g., each of carrier #1 and carrier #2) , select the candidate PDSCH reception occasions with none of the symbols of the corresponding candidate PDSCH that overlaps a switching gap on the corresponding carrier.
[0095] In some embodiments, uplink symbols on a carrier may be indicated by a high layer parameter (e.g., "tdd-UL-DL-ConfigurationCommon" or "tdd-UL-DL-ConfigurationDedicated" as specified in 3GPP specifications) . In step (b2) , the candidate PDSCH reception occasion (s) on each carrier that is not within the corresponding set of valid slots is excluded. In step (b3) , the candidate PDSCH reception occasion (s) on each carrier that collides with the uplink symbols on the corresponding carrier is excluded. In step (b4) , the candidate PDSCH reception occasion (s) on each carrier that collides with a switching gap on the corresponding carrier (if any) is excluded. The switching gap can be defined according to the carrier switching pattern, configured by the BS via RRC signaling, or predefined in a standard (s) . For example, the number of symbols and symbol indexes of the switching gap can be indicated. In some embodiments, the BS may not transmit a PDSCH to the UE if the PDSCH overlaps the switching gap. In other words, from the perspective of the UE, the UE may only receive a PDSCH in a candidate PDSCH reception occasion that does not overlap the switching gap.
[0096] In some embodiments, the UE may perform step (b1) to step (b4) to determine the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions. That is, for each candidate PDSCH reception occasion on each carrier derived from the corresponding K1 set, only if the corresponding candidate PDSCH that is included in the set of valid slots corresponding to the carrier, does not collide with the uplink symbols and does not overlap the switching gap, the corresponding candidate PDSCH reception occasion is a valid candidate PDSCH reception occasion.
[0097] In some embodiments, step (b3) and step (b4) may be optional and the sequence of step (b2) , step (b3) and step (b4) may be modified. For example, the UE may only perform step (b1) and step (b2) to determine the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on each carrier. That is, the UE may determine the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on each carrier according to the K1 set and the carrier switching pattern and may not exclude the candidate PDSCH reception occasion (s) that collides with the uplink symbols or the switching gap. For example, the UE may only perform step (b1) to step (b3) to determine the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on each carrier. That is, the candidate PDSCH reception occasion (s) on a carrier that collides with the switching gap on the carrier may be included in the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the carrier. The UE may generate a NACK for a candidate PDSCH reception occasion when generating a Type-1 HARQ-ACK codebook if this candidate PDSCH reception overlaps the switching gap. For example, the UE may only perform step (b1) , step (b2) and step (b4) to determine the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on each carrier. That is, the candidate PDSCH reception occasion (s) on a carrier that collides with the uplink symbols may be included in the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the carrier. The UE may generate a NACK for a candidate PDSCH reception occasion when generating a Type-1 HARQ-ACK codebook if this candidate PDSCH reception overlaps the uplink symbols.
[0098] After determining the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on each carrier based on the above methods, the UE may generate the HARQ-ACK information bits corresponding to the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on each carrier and the actually received PDSCH (s) . For example, the UE may generate a NACK for each valid candidate PDSCH reception occasion on each carrier and may generate an ACK or a NACK corresponding to each of the actually received PDSCH (s) based on a decoding result of the corresponding PDSCH. That is, among the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on each carrier, if a PDSCH is actually received by the UE in a candidate PDSCH reception occasion on the carrier, the corresponding HARQ-ACK feedback is generated based on the decoding outcome; and if no PDSCH is actually received by the UE in a valid candidate PDSCH reception occasion on the carrier, a NACK bit is generated for this candidate PDSCH reception occasion on the carrier.
[0099] The Type-1 HARQ-ACK codebook thus includes HARQ-ACK feedback for each carrier of the configured carriers (e.g., carrier #1 and carrier #2) , which includes HARQ-ACK information bits for both valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions and actually received PDSCH (s) (if any) with corresponding HARQ-ACK feedback to be transmitted in the same slot in the same PUCCH. In the Type-1 HARQ-ACK codebook, the generated HARQ-ACK information bits are ordered firstly according to the associated PDSCH reception occasions on each carrier of the configured carriers (e.g., carrier #1 and carrier #2) and then according to associated serving cell indexes of the configured carriers. For example, the generated HARQ-ACK information bits are concatenated firstly according to an ascending (or descending) order of both candidate PDSCH reception occasions and the actual PDSCH reception occasion (s) (if any) on the same carrier (e.g., carrier #1 or carrier #2) and then according to an ascending (or descending) order of associated serving cell indexes of the configured carriers (e.g., carrier #1 and carrier #2) .
[0100] For example, the UE may perform step (b1) to step (b4) as shown above in the following manner to determine the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the configured carriers (e.g., carrier #1 and carrier #2) and generate the Type-1 HARQ-ACK codebook. It should be noted that some of the steps below may be reordered or omitted to obtain the final valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions. The solutions thus modified are still covered by the present disclosure.
[0101] FIGs. 5A and 5B illustrate exemplary methods for HARQ-ACK codebook generation in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. Referring to FIGs. 5A and 5B, a carrier switching pattern is configured for a UE to switch back and forth between carrier #1 and carrier #2. For the sake of simplicity, it is assumed that one frame in FIGs. 5A and 5B includes 10 slots, indexed from slot 0 to slot 9, each slot having a duration of 1 ms. It should be noted that other numerologies can be used, which are also covered by the present disclosure.
[0102] In FIGs. 5A and 5B, carrier #1 may be an FDD carrier and carrier #2 may be a DL-only carrier. Each of carrier #1 and carrier #2 may correspond to one cell. For example, carrier #1 may be configured as the PCell and carrier #2 may be configured as an SCell. The carrier switching pattern indicates that within one frame (e.g., frame m) or 10 ms, the first 6 consecutive slots (e.g., from slot 0 to slot 5 in frame m) are assigned for carrier #1 and the remaining 4 consecutive slots (e.g., from slot 6 to slot 9 in frame m) are assigned for carrier #2. The carrier switching pattern may be repeated multiple times within a configured periodicity of, for example, 40 ms, 80 ms or 160 ms. The UE and the BS may transmit or receive on a corresponding carrier based on the carrier switching pattern.
[0103] Referring to FIGs. 5A and 5B, it is assumed that K1 set is {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8} for both carrier #1 and carrier #2. According to the carrier switching pattern, the UE may determine that slot set #B1 for carrier #1 includes slot 0 to slot 5 of frame m and slot set #B2 for carrier #2 includes slot 6 to slot 9 of frame m. It is assumed that 2 symbols at the end of slot 9 of frame m on carrier #2 are reserved as the switching gap and only one candidate PDSCH reception occasion is included in each slot on each carrier.
[0104] Referring to FIG. 5A, when a UE receives a PDSCH in slot 4 of frame m on carrier #1 with the corresponding HARQ-ACK to be transmitted in slot 0 of the next frame on carrier #1, the UE may implement the above Example 2 as follows to generate a Type-1 HARQ-ACK codebook. (1) Derive a set of slots, i.e., {slot 2, slot 3, slot 4, slot 5, slot 6, slot 7, slot 8, slot 9} , for each carrier based on the corresponding K1 set. (2) For carrier #1, exclude slots 6 to 9 (i.e., not within slot set #B1) from the corresponding set of slots; and for carrier #2, exclude slots 2 to 5 (i.e., not within slot set #B2) from the corresponding set of slots. This leaves {slot 2, slot 3, slot 4, slot 5} for carrier #1 and {slot 6, slot 7, slot 8, slot 9} for carrier #2. (3) On carrier #1, for each slot within {slot 2, slot 3, slot 4, slot 5} , exclude a candidate PDSCH reception occasion if at least one symbol of the corresponding candidate PDSCH is an uplink symbol on carrier #1 (e.g., indicated by the high layer parameter tdd-UL-DL-ConfigurationCommon or tdd-UL-DL-ConfigurationDedicated) . Similarly, on carrier #2, for each slot within {slot 6, slot 7, slot 8, slot 9} , exclude a candidate PDSCH reception occasion if at least one symbol of the corresponding candidate PDSCH is an uplink symbol carrier #2 (e.g., indicated by the high layer parameter tdd-UL-DL-ConfigurationCommon or tdd-UL-DL-ConfigurationDedicated) . It is assumed that no candidate PDSCH reception occasion is excluded in this step. (4) On carrier #1, further exclude a candidate PDSCH reception occasion if at least one symbol of the corresponding candidate PDSCH overlaps the switching gap on carrier #1. On carrier #2, further exclude a candidate PDSCH reception occasion if at least one symbol of the corresponding candidate PDSCH overlaps the switching gap on carrier #2. It is assumed that the candidate PDSCH reception occasion in slot 9 of frame m on carrier #2 overlaps the switching gap at the end of slot 9 of frame m on carrier #2 and is thus excluded in this step. This leaves {slot 2, slot 3, slot 4, slot 5} for carrier #1 and {slot 6, slot 7, slot 8} for carrier #2. (5) On carrier #1, generate a NACK bit for each remaining candidate PDSCH reception occasion, i.e., candidate PDSCH reception occasions in {slot 2, slot 3, slot 4, slot 5} ; and generate an ACK or NACK bit for each actually received PDSCH (e.g., the PDSCH in slot 4) based on decoding outcome. On carrier #2, generate a NACK bit for each remaining candidate PDSCH reception occasion, i.e., candidate PDSCH reception occasions in {slot 6, slot 7, slot 8} ; and generate an ACK or NACK bit for each actually received PDSCH (if any) based on decoding outcome. (6) Concatenate the generated HARQ-ACK information bits firstly in an ascending order of associated PDSCH reception occasions on the same carrier (e.g., carrier #1 or carrier #2) and then according to an ascending order of associated serving cell indexes of carrier #1 and carrier #2.
[0105] For example, the generated Type-1 HARQ-ACK codebook can be presented as { {a1, a2, a3, a4} , {b1, b2, b3} } , wherein a1, a2, and a4 are NACK bits for valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions in {slot 2, slot 3, slot 5} on carrier #1, b1, b2 and b3 are NACK bits for valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions in {slot 6, slot 7, slot 8} on carrier #2, and a3 is the ACK or NACK bit for the PDSCH received by the UE in slot 4 on carrier #1 depending on the decoding outcome.
[0106] A similar example is shown in FIG. 5B. Referring to FIG. 5B, when a UE receives a PDSCH in slot 7 of frame m on carrier #2 with the corresponding HARQ-ACK to be transmitted in slot 0 of the next frame on carrier #1, the UE may implement the above Example 2 to generate a Type-1 HARQ-ACK codebook. For example, it is assumed that no candidate PDSCH reception occasion collides with a UL symbol and the candidate PDSCH reception occasion in slot 9 of frame m on carrier #2 overlaps the switching gap at the end of slot 9 of frame m on carrier #2, the generated Type-1 HARQ-ACK codebook can be presented as { {a1', a2', a3', a4'} , {b1', b2', b3'} } , wherein a1', a2', a3' and a4' are NACK bits for valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions in {slot 2, slot 3, slot 4, slot 5} on carrier #1, b1' and b3' are NACK bits for valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions in {slot 6, slot 8} on carrier #2, and b2' is the ACK or NACK bit for the PDSCH received by the UE in slot 7 on carrier #7 depending on the decoding outcome.
[0107] FIG. 6 illustrates a flowchart of method 600 for wireless communication in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. Details described in all of the foregoing embodiments of the present disclosure are applicable for the embodiments shown in FIG. 6. In some examples, method 600 may be performed by a UE. In some embodiments, the UE may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described functions or operations. In some examples, a processor of the UE may cause the UE to perform method 600.
[0108] At 611, a UE may receive, from a BS, signaling indicating a carrier switching pattern, wherein the carrier switching pattern indicates a first number of slots for the UE to receive downlink transmission on a first carrier and a second number of slots for the UE to receive downlink transmission on a second carrier.
[0109] At 613, the UE may receive, from the BS, a PDSCH on the first carrier or the second carrier. At 615, the UE may determine a set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the first carrier and the second carrier. The PDSCH may be received within a valid candidate PDSCH reception occasion of the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions. At 617, the UE may generate HARQ-ACK feedback corresponding to the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions and the PDSCH. At 619, the UE may transmit, to the BS, the generated HARQ-ACK feedback on the first carrier.
[0110] In some embodiments, the UE may determine the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions by: combining the first carrier and the second carrier to form a virtual carrier according to the carrier switching pattern; determining a first set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the virtual carrier based on a respective set of PDSCH-to-HARQ feedback timing values for each of the first carrier and the second carrier; excluding a candidate PDSCH reception occasion that overlaps at least one uplink symbol indicated by a high layer parameter on the first carrier or the second carrier from the first set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions, to determine a second set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the virtual carrier; and excluding a candidate PDSCH reception occasion that overlaps a switching gap between the first carrier and the second carrier in a time domain from the second set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions, to determine a set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the virtual carrier.
[0111] In some embodiments, the UE may determine the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions by: combining the first carrier and the second carrier to form a virtual carrier according to the carrier switching pattern; and determining a set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the virtual carrier based on a respective set of PDSCH-to-HARQ feedback timing values for each of the first carrier and the second carrier.
[0112] In some embodiments, the UE may generate the HARQ-ACK feedback corresponding to the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions and the PDSCH by: generating a negative acknowledgement (NACK) for each candidate PDSCH reception occasion in the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the virtual carrier; and generating first HARQ-ACK feedback corresponding to the PDSCH based on a decoding result of the PDSCH.
[0113] In some embodiments, the UE may concatenate the generated NACK for each candidate PDSCH reception occasion and the first HARQ-ACK feedback according to associated PDSCH reception occasions on the virtual carrier.
[0114] In some embodiments, the UE may determine the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions by: for each of the first carrier and the second carrier: determining a first set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions on a corresponding carrier based on a set of PDSCH-to-HARQ feedback timing values for the corresponding carrier; excluding a candidate PDSCH reception occasion that is not within a set of slots on the corresponding carrier from the first set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions, to determine a second set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions on a corresponding carrier, wherein the set of slots is the first number of slots on the first carrier or the second number of slots on the second carrier; excluding a candidate PDSCH reception occasion that overlaps at least one uplink symbol indicated by a high layer parameter on the corresponding carrier from the second set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions, to determine a third set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the corresponding carrier; and excluding a candidate PDSCH reception occasion that overlaps a switching gap between the first carrier and the second carrier in a time domain from the third set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions, to determine a set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the corresponding carrier.
[0115] In some embodiments, the UE may determine the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions by: for each of the first carrier and the second carrier: determining a first set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions on a corresponding carrier based on a set of PDSCH-to-HARQ feedback timing values for the corresponding carrier; excluding a candidate PDSCH reception occasion that is not within a set of slots on the corresponding carrier from the first set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions, to determine a second set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the corresponding carrier, wherein the set of slots is the first number of slots on the first carrier or the second number of slots on the second carrier; and determining a set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the corresponding carrier based on the second set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions.
[0116] In some embodiments, the UE may generate the HARQ-ACK feedback corresponding to the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions and the PDSCH by:generating a NACK for each candidate PDSCH reception occasion in the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on each of the first carrier and the second carrier; and generating first HARQ-ACK feedback corresponding to the PDSCH based on a decoding result of the PDSCH.
[0117] In some embodiments, the UE may concatenate the generated NACK for each candidate PDSCH reception occasion and the first HARQ-ACK feedback firstly according to associated PDSCH reception occasions on a same carrier and then according to associated serving cell indexes of the first carrier and the second carrier.
[0118] In some embodiments, the PDSCH is received in a candidate PDSCH reception occasion that does not overlap a switching gap between the first carrier and the second carrier in a time domain among the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions.
[0119] It should be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the sequence of the operations in exemplary method 600 may be changed and some of the operations in exemplary method 600 may be eliminated or modified, without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure.
[0120] FIG. 7 illustrates a flowchart of method 700 for wireless communication in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. Details described in all of the foregoing embodiments of the present disclosure are applicable for the embodiments shown in FIG. 7. In some examples, method 700 may be performed by a BS. In some embodiments, the BS may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the BS to perform the described functions or operations. In some examples, a processor of the BS may cause the BS to perform method 700.
[0121] At 711, a BS may transmit, to a UE, signaling indicating a carrier switching pattern, wherein the carrier switching pattern indicates a first number of slots for the UE to receive downlink transmission on a first carrier and a second number of slots for the UE to receive downlink transmission on a second carrier.
[0122] At 713, the BS may transmit, to the UE, a PDSCH on the first carrier or the second carrier. At 715, the BS may determine a set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the first carrier and the second carrier. The PDSCH may be transmitted within a valid candidate PDSCH reception occasion of the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions. At 717, the BS may receive, from the UE, HARQ-ACK feedback corresponding to the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions and the PDSCH on the first carrier.
[0123] In some embodiments, the BS may determine the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions by: combining the first carrier and the second carrier to form a virtual carrier according to the carrier switching pattern; determining a first set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the virtual carrier based on a respective set of PDSCH-to-HARQ feedback timing values for each of the first carrier and the second carrier; excluding a candidate PDSCH reception occasion that overlaps at least one uplink symbol indicated by a high layer parameter on the first carrier or the second carrier from the first set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions, to determine a second set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the virtual carrier; and excluding a candidate PDSCH reception occasion that overlaps a switching gap between the first carrier and the second carrier in a time domain from the second set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions, to determine a set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the virtual carrier.
[0124] In some embodiments, the BS may determine the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions by: combining the first carrier and the second carrier to form a virtual carrier according to the carrier switching pattern; and determining a set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the virtual carrier based on a respective set of PDSCH-to-HARQ feedback timing values for each of the first carrier and the second carrier.
[0125] In some embodiments, the HARQ-ACK feedback includes a NACK for each candidate PDSCH reception occasion in the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the virtual carrier and first HARQ-ACK feedback corresponding to the PDSCH generated by the UE based on a decoding result of the PDSCH.
[0126] In some embodiments, the NACK for each candidate PDSCH reception occasion and the first HARQ-ACK feedback are ordered according to associated PDSCH reception occasions on the virtual carrier.
[0127] In some embodiments, the BS may determine the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions by: for each of the first carrier and the second carrier: determining a first set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions on a corresponding carrier based on a set of PDSCH-to-HARQ feedback timing values for the corresponding carrier; excluding a candidate PDSCH reception occasion that is not within a set of slots on the corresponding carrier from the first set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions, to determine a second set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions on a corresponding carrier, wherein the set of slots is the first number of slots on the first carrier or the second number of slots on the second carrier; excluding a candidate PDSCH reception occasion that overlaps at least one uplink symbol indicated by a high layer parameter on the corresponding carrier from the second set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions, to determine a third set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the corresponding carrier; and excluding a candidate PDSCH reception occasion that overlaps a switching gap between the first carrier and the second carrier in a time domain from the third set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions, to determine a set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the corresponding carrier.
[0128] In some embodiments, the BS may determine the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions by: for each of the first carrier and the second carrier: determining a first set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions on a corresponding carrier based on a set of PDSCH-to-HARQ feedback timing values for the corresponding carrier; excluding a candidate PDSCH reception occasion that is not within a set of slots on the corresponding carrier from the first set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions, to determine a second set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the corresponding carrier, wherein the set of slots is the first number of slots on the first carrier or the second number of slots on the second carrier; and determining a set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the corresponding carrier based on the second set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions.
[0129] In some embodiments, the HARQ-ACK feedback includes a NACK for each candidate PDSCH reception occasion in the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on each of the first carrier and the second carrier and first HARQ-ACK feedback corresponding to the PDSCH generated by the UE based on a decoding result of the PDSCH.
[0130] In some embodiments, the NACK for each candidate PDSCH reception occasion and the first HARQ-ACK feedback are ordered firstly according to associated PDSCH reception occasions on a same carrier and then according to associated serving cell indexes of the first carrier and the second carrier.
[0131] In some embodiments, the PDSCH is transmitted in a candidate PDSCH reception occasion that does not overlap a switching gap between the first carrier and the second carrier in a time domain among the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions.
[0132] In some embodiments, the switching gap is indicated by the carrier switching pattern or predefined. In some embodiments, the BS may transmit the switching gap to the UE.
[0133] It should be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the sequence of the operations in exemplary method 700 may be changed and some of the operations in exemplary method 700 may be eliminated or modified, without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure.
[0134] FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a UE 800 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The UE 800 may include a processor 802, a memory 804, a controller 806, and a transceiver 808. The processor 802, the memory 804, the controller 806, or the transceiver 808, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the present disclosure as described herein. These components may be coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces.
[0135] The processor 802, the memory 804, the controller 806, or the transceiver 808, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., circuitry) . The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , or other programmable logic device, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure.
[0136] The processor 802 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, or any combination thereof) . In some implementations, the processor 802 may be configured to operate the memory 804. In some other implementations, the memory 804 may be integrated into the processor 802. The processor 802 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 804 to cause the UE 800 to perform various functions of the present disclosure.
[0137] The memory 804 may include volatile or non-volatile memory. The memory 804 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions when executed by the processor 802 cause the UE 800 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as the memory 804 or another type of memory. Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.
[0138] In some implementations, the processor 802 and the memory 804 coupled with the processor 802 may be configured to cause the UE 800 to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., executing, by the processor 802, instructions stored in the memory 804) . For example, the processor 802 may support wireless communication at the UE 800 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the UE 800 may be configured to support means for performing the operations as described with respect to FIGs. 1-7.
[0139] For example, the UE 800 may be configured to support: a means for receiving signaling indicating a carrier switching pattern, wherein the carrier switching pattern indicates a first number of slots for the UE 800 to receive downlink transmission on a first carrier and a second number of slots for the UE 800 to receive downlink transmission on a second carrier; a means for receiving a PDSCH on the first carrier or the second carrier; a means for determining a set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the first carrier and the second carrier, wherein the PDSCH is received within the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions; a means for generating HARQ-ACK feedback corresponding to the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions and the PDSCH; and a means for transmitting the generated HARQ-ACK feedback on the first carrier.
[0140] The controller 806 may manage input and output signals for the UE 800. The controller 806 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the UE 800. In some implementations, the controller 806 may utilize an operating system such as or other operating systems. In some implementations, the controller 806 may be implemented as part of the processor 802.
[0141] In some implementations, the UE 800 may include at least one transceiver 808. In some other implementations, the UE 800 may have more than one transceiver 808. The transceiver 808 may represent a wireless transceiver. The transceiver 808 may include one or more receiver chains 810, one or more transmitter chains 812, or a combination thereof.
[0142] A receiver chain 810 may be configured to receive signals (e.g., control information, data, or packets) over a wireless medium. For example, the receiver chain 810 may include one or more antennas for receive the signal over the air or wireless medium. The receiver chain 810 may include at least one amplifier (e.g., a low-noise amplifier (LNA) ) configured to amplify the received signal. The receiver chain 810 may include at least one demodulator configured to demodulate the receive signal and obtain the transmitted data by reversing the modulation technique applied during transmission of the signal. The receiver chain 810 may include at least one decoder for decoding the processing the demodulated signal to receive the transmitted data.
[0143] A transmitter chain 812 may be configured to generate and transmit signals (e.g., control information, data, or packets) . The transmitter chain 812 may include at least one modulator for modulating data onto a carrier signal, preparing the signal for transmission over a wireless medium. The at least one modulator may be configured to support one or more techniques such as amplitude modulation (AM) , frequency modulation (FM) , or digital modulation schemes like phase-shift keying (PSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) . The transmitter chain 812 may also include at least one power amplifier configured to amplify the modulated signal to an appropriate power level suitable for transmission over the wireless medium. The transmitter chain 812 may also include one or more antennas for transmitting the amplified signal into the air or wireless medium.
[0144] It should be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the components in exemplary UE 800 may be changed, for example, some of the components in exemplary UE 800 may be omitted or modified or a new component (s) may be added to exemplary UE 800, without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure. For example, in some embodiments, the UE 800 may not include the controller 806.
[0145] FIG. 9 illustrates an example of a processor 900 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The processor 900 may be an example of a processor configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 900 may include a controller 902 configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 900 may optionally include at least one memory 904, which may be, for example, an L1 / L2 / L3 cache. Additionally, or alternatively, the processor 900 may optionally include one or more arithmetic-logic units (ALUs) 906. One or more of these components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., buses) .
[0146] The processor 900 may be a processor chipset and include a protocol stack (e.g., a software stack) executed by the processor chipset to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor chipset may include one or more cores, one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 900) or other memory (e.g., random access memory (RAM) , read-only memory (ROM) , dynamic RAM (DRAM) , synchronous dynamic RAM (SDRAM) , static RAM (SRAM) , ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM) , magnetic RAM (MRAM) , resistive RAM (RRAM) , flash memory, phase change memory (PCM) , and others) .
[0147] The controller 902 may be configured to manage and coordinate various operations (e.g., signaling, receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) of the processor 900 to cause the processor 900 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. For example, the controller 902 may operate as a control unit of the processor 900, generating control signals that manage the operation of various components of the processor 900. These control signals include enabling or disabling functional units, selecting data paths, initiating memory access, and coordinating timing of operations.
[0148] The controller 902 may be configured to fetch (e.g., obtain, retrieve, receive) instructions from the memory 904 and determine a subsequent instruction (s) to be executed to cause the processor 900 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The controller 902 may be configured to track memory address of instructions associated with the memory 904. The controller 902 may be configured to decode instructions to determine the operation to be performed and the operands involved. For example, the controller 902 may be configured to interpret the instruction and determine control signals to be output to other components of the processor 900 to cause the processor 900 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. Additionally, or alternatively, the controller 902 may be configured to manage flow of data within the processor 900. The controller 902 may be configured to control transfer of data between registers, ALUs, and other functional units of the processor 900.
[0149] The memory 904 may include one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor 900 or other memory, such RAM, ROM, DRAM, SDRAM, SRAM, MRAM, flash memory, etc. In some implementations, the memory 904 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., local to the processor 900) . In some other implementations, the memory 904 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., remote to the processor 900) .
[0150] The memory 904 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions that, when executed by the processor 900, cause the processor 900 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. The controller 902 and / or the processor 900 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 904 to cause the processor 900 to perform various functions. For example, the processor 900 and / or the controller 902 may be coupled with or to the memory 904, the processor 900, the controller 902, and the memory 904 may be configured to perform various functions described herein. In some examples, the processor 900 may include multiple processors and the memory 904 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein.
[0151] The one or more ALUs 906 may be configured to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, the one or more ALUs 906 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., the processor 900) . In some other implementations, the one or more ALUs 906 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 900) . One or more ALUs 906 may perform one or more computations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division on data. For example, one or more ALUs 906 may receive input operands and an operation code, which determines an operation to be executed. One or more ALUs 906 be configured with a variety of logical and arithmetic circuits, including adders, subtractors, shifters, and logic gates, to process and manipulate the data according to the operation. Additionally, or alternatively, the one or more ALUs 906 may support logical operations such as AND, OR, exclusive-OR (XOR) , not-OR (NOR) , and not-AND (NAND) , enabling the one or more ALUs 906 to handle conditional operations, comparisons, and bitwise operations.
[0152] The processor 900 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the processor 900 may be configured to support means for performing the operations as described with respect to FIGs. 1-7.
[0153] For example, the processor 900 may be configured to or operable to support: a means for receiving signaling indicating a carrier switching pattern, wherein the carrier switching pattern indicates a first number of slots for a UE including the processor 900 to receive downlink transmission on a first carrier and a second number of slots for the UE to receive downlink transmission on a second carrier; a means for receiving a PDSCH on the first carrier or the second carrier; a means for determining a set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the first carrier and the second carrier, wherein the PDSCH is received within the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions; a means for generating HARQ-ACK feedback corresponding to the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions and the PDSCH; and a means for transmitting the generated HARQ-ACK feedback on the first carrier.
[0154] For example, the processor 900 may be configured to or operable to support: a means for transmitting, to a UE, signaling indicating a carrier switching pattern, wherein the carrier switching pattern indicates a first number of slots for the UE to receive downlink transmission on a first carrier and a second number of slots for the UE to receive downlink transmission on a second carrier; a means for transmitting, to the UE, a PDSCH on the first carrier or the second carrier; a means for determining a set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the first carrier and the second carrier, wherein the PDSCH is transmitted within the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions; and a means for receiving, from the UE, HARQ-ACK feedback corresponding to the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions and the PDSCH on the first carrier.
[0155] It should be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the components in exemplary processor 900 may be changed, for example, some of the components in exemplary processor 900 may be omitted or modified or a new component (s) may be added to exemplary processor 900, without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure. For example, in some embodiments, the processor 900 may not include the ALUs 906.
[0156] FIG. 10 illustrates an example of an NE 1000 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The NE 1000 may include a processor 1002, a memory 1004, a controller 1006, and a transceiver 1008. The processor 1002, the memory 1004, the controller 1006, or the transceiver 1008, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the present disclosure as described herein. These components may be coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces.
[0157] The processor 1002, the memory 1004, the controller 1006, or the transceiver 1008, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., circuitry) . The hardware may include a processor, a DSP, an ASIC, or other programmable logic device, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure.
[0158] The processor 1002 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, or any combination thereof) . In some implementations, the processor 1002 may be configured to operate the memory 1004. In some other implementations, the memory 1004 may be integrated into the processor 1002. The processor 1002 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 1004 to cause the NE 1000 to perform various functions of the present disclosure.
[0159] The memory 1004 may include volatile or non-volatile memory. The memory 1004 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions when executed by the processor 1002 cause the NE 1000 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as the memory 1004 or another type of memory. Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.
[0160] In some implementations, the processor 1002 and the memory 1004 coupled with the processor 1002 may be configured to cause the NE 1000 to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., executing, by the processor 1002, instructions stored in the memory 1004) . For example, the processor 1002 may support wireless communication at the NE 1000 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the NE 1000 may be configured to support means for performing the operations as described with respect to FIGs. 1-7.
[0161] For example, the NE 1000 may be configured to support: a means for transmitting, to a UE, signaling indicating a carrier switching pattern, wherein the carrier switching pattern indicates a first number of slots for the UE to receive downlink transmission on a first carrier and a second number of slots for the UE to receive downlink transmission on a second carrier; a means for transmitting, to the UE, a PDSCH on the first carrier or the second carrier; a means for determining a set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the first carrier and the second carrier, wherein the PDSCH is transmitted within the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions; and a means for receiving, from the UE, HARQ-ACK feedback corresponding to the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions and the PDSCH on the first carrier.
[0162] The controller 1006 may manage input and output signals for the NE 1000. The controller 1006 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the NE 1000. In some implementations, the controller 1006 may utilize an operating system such as or other operating systems. In some implementations, the controller 1006 may be implemented as part of the processor 1002.
[0163] In some implementations, the NE 1000 may include at least one transceiver 1008. In some other implementations, the NE 1000 may have more than one transceiver 1008. The transceiver 1008 may represent a wireless transceiver. The transceiver 1008 may include one or more receiver chains 1010, one or more transmitter chains 1012, or a combination thereof.
[0164] A receiver chain 1010 may be configured to receive signals (e.g., control information, data, or packets) over a wireless medium. For example, the receiver chain 1010 may include one or more antennas for receive the signal over the air or wireless medium. The receiver chain 1010 may include at least one amplifier (e.g., an LNA) configured to amplify the received signal. The receiver chain 1010 may include at least one demodulator configured to demodulate the receive signal and obtain the transmitted data by reversing the modulation technique applied during transmission of the signal. The receiver chain 1010 may include at least one decoder for decoding the processing the demodulated signal to receive the transmitted data.
[0165] A transmitter chain 1012 may be configured to generate and transmit signals (e.g., control information, data, or packets) . The transmitter chain 1012 may include at least one modulator for modulating data onto a carrier signal, preparing the signal for transmission over a wireless medium. The at least one modulator may be configured to support one or more techniques such as AM, FM, or digital modulation schemes like PSK or QAM. The transmitter chain 1012 may also include at least one power amplifier configured to amplify the modulated signal to an appropriate power level suitable for transmission over the wireless medium. The transmitter chain 1012 may also include one or more antennas for transmitting the amplified signal into the air or wireless medium.
[0166] It should be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the components in exemplary NE 1000 may be changed, for example, some of the components in exemplary NE 1000 may be omitted or modified or a new component (s) may be added to exemplary NE 1000, without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure. For example, in some embodiments, the NE 1000 may not include the controller 1006.
[0167] Those having ordinary skill in the art would understand that the operations or steps of the methods described in connection with the aspects disclosed herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. A software module may reside in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, a hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. Additionally, in some aspects, the operations or steps of the methods may reside as one or any combination or set of codes and / or instructions on a non-transitory computer-readable medium, which may be incorporated into a computer program product.
[0168] While this disclosure has been described with specific embodiments thereof, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications, and variations may be apparent to those skilled in the art. The disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded with the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein. For example, various components of the embodiments may be interchanged, added, or substituted in other embodiments. Also, all of the elements of each figure are not necessary for the operation of the disclosed embodiments. For example, one of ordinary skill in the art of the disclosed embodiments would be enabled to make and use the teachings of the disclosure by simply employing the elements of the independent claims. Accordingly, embodiments of the disclosure as set forth herein are intended to be illustrative, not limiting. Various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure.
[0169] In this document, the term "DCI" and "DCI format" can be used interchangeably. The terms "includes, " "including, " or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. An element proceeded by "a, " "an, " or the like does not, without more constraints, preclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element. Also, the term "another" is defined as at least a second or more. The term "having" or the like, as used herein, is defined as "including. " Expressions such as "A and / or B" or "at least one of A and B" may include any and all combinations of words enumerated along with the expression. For instance, the expression "A and / or B" or "at least one of A and B" may include A, B, or both A and B. The wording "the first, " "the second" or the like is only used to clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure, but is not used to limit the substance of the present disclosure.
Claims
1.A user equipment (UE) , comprising:at least one memory; andat least one processor coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the UE to:receive, from a base station (BS) , signaling indicating a carrier switching pattern, wherein the carrier switching pattern indicates a first number of slots for the UE to receive downlink transmission on a first carrier and a second number of slots for the UE to receive downlink transmission on a second carrier;receive, from the BS, a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) on the first carrier or the second carrier;determine a set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the first carrier and the second carrier, wherein the PDSCH is received within the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions;generate hybrid automatic repeat request acknowledgement (HARQ-ACK) feedback corresponding to the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions and the PDSCH; andtransmit, to the BS, the generated HARQ-ACK feedback on the first carrier.2.The UE of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the UE to determine the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions by:combining the first carrier and the second carrier to form a virtual carrier according to the carrier switching pattern;determining a first set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the virtual carrier based on a respective set of PDSCH-to-HARQ feedback timing values for each of the first carrier and the second carrier;excluding a candidate PDSCH reception occasion that overlaps at least one uplink symbol indicated by a high layer parameter on the first carrier or the second carrier from the first set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions, to determine a second set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the virtual carrier; andexcluding a candidate PDSCH reception occasion that overlaps a switching gap between the first carrier and the second carrier in a time domain from the second set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions, to determine a set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the virtual carrier.3.The UE of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the UE to determine the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions by:combining the first carrier and the second carrier to form a virtual carrier according to the carrier switching pattern; anddetermining a set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the virtual carrier based on a respective set of PDSCH-to-HARQ feedback timing values for each of the first carrier and the second carrier.4.The UE of claim 2 or 3, wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the UE to generate the HARQ-ACK feedback corresponding to the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions and the PDSCH by:generating a negative acknowledgement (NACK) for each candidate PDSCH reception occasion in the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the virtual carrier; andgenerating first HARQ-ACK feedback corresponding to the PDSCH based on a decoding result of the PDSCH.5.The UE of claim 4, wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the UE to concatenate the generated NACK for each candidate PDSCH reception occasion and the first HARQ-ACK feedback according to associated PDSCH reception occasions on the virtual carrier.6.The UE of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the UE to determine the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions by:for each of the first carrier and the second carrier,determining a first set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions on a corresponding carrier based on a set of PDSCH-to-HARQ feedback timing values for the corresponding carrier;excluding a candidate PDSCH reception occasion that is not within a set of slots on the corresponding carrier from the first set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions, to determine a second set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions on a corresponding carrier, wherein the set of slots is the first number of slots on the first carrier or the second number of slots on the second carrier;excluding a candidate PDSCH reception occasion that overlaps at least one uplink symbol indicated by a high layer parameter on the corresponding carrier from the second set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions, to determine a third set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the corresponding carrier; andexcluding a candidate PDSCH reception occasion that overlaps a switching gap between the first carrier and the second carrier in a time domain from the third set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions, to determine a set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the corresponding carrier.7.The UE of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the UE to determine the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions by:for each of the first carrier and the second carrier,determining a first set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions on a corresponding carrier based on a set of PDSCH-to-HARQ feedback timing values for the corresponding carrier;excluding a candidate PDSCH reception occasion that is not within a set of slots on the corresponding carrier from the first set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions, to determine a second set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the corresponding carrier, wherein the set of slots is the first number of slots on the first carrier or the second number of slots on the second carrier; anddetermining a set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the corresponding carrier based on the second set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions.8.The UE of claim 6 or 7, wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the UE to generate the HARQ-ACK feedback corresponding to the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions and the PDSCH by:generating a negative acknowledgement (NACK) for each candidate PDSCH reception occasion in the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on each of the first carrier and the second carrier; andgenerating first HARQ-ACK feedback corresponding to the PDSCH based on a decoding result of the PDSCH.9.The UE of claim 8, wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the UE to concatenate the generated NACK for each candidate PDSCH reception occasion and the first HARQ-ACK feedback firstly according to associated PDSCH reception occasions on a same carrier and then according to associated serving cell indexes of the first carrier and the second carrier.10.The UE of claim 1, wherein the PDSCH is received in a candidate PDSCH reception occasion that does not overlap a switching gap between the first carrier and the second carrier in a time domain among the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions.11.The UE of any of claims 2, 6 and 10, wherein the switching gap is indicated by the carrier switching pattern, configured by the BS, or predefined.12.A base station (BS) , comprising:at least one memory; andat least one processor coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the BS to:transmit, to a user equipment (UE) , signaling indicating a carrier switching pattern, wherein the carrier switching pattern indicates a first number of slots for the UE to receive downlink transmission on a first carrier and a second number of slots for the UE to receive downlink transmission on a second carrier;transmit, to the UE, a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) on the first carrier or the second carrier;determine a set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the first carrier and the second carrier, wherein the PDSCH is transmitted within the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions; andreceive, from the UE, hybrid automatic repeat request acknowledgement (HARQ-ACK) feedback corresponding to the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions and the PDSCH on the first carrier.13.The BS of claim 12, wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the BS to determine the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions by:combining the first carrier and the second carrier to form a virtual carrier according to the carrier switching pattern;determining a first set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the virtual carrier based on a respective set of PDSCH-to-HARQ feedback timing values for each of the first carrier and the second carrier;excluding a candidate PDSCH reception occasion that overlaps at least one uplink symbol indicated by a high layer parameter on the first carrier or the second carrier from the first set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions, to determine a second set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the virtual carrier; andexcluding a candidate PDSCH reception occasion that overlaps a switching gap between the first carrier and the second carrier in a time domain from the second set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions, to determine a set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the virtual carrier.14.The BS of claim 12, wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the BS to determine the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions by:combining the first carrier and the second carrier to form a virtual carrier according to the carrier switching pattern; anddetermining a set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the virtual carrier based on a respective set of PDSCH-to-HARQ feedback timing values for each of the first carrier and the second carrier.15.The BS of claim 12, wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the BS to determine the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions by:for each of the first carrier and the second carrier,determining a first set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions on a corresponding carrier based on a set of PDSCH-to-HARQ feedback timing values for the corresponding carrier;excluding a candidate PDSCH reception occasion that is not within a set of slots on the corresponding carrier from the first set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions, to determine a second set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions on a corresponding carrier, wherein the set of slots is the first number of slots on the first carrier or the second number of slots on the second carrier;excluding a candidate PDSCH reception occasion that overlaps at least one uplink symbol indicated by a high layer parameter on the corresponding carrier from the second set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions, to determine a third set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the corresponding carrier; andexcluding a candidate PDSCH reception occasion that overlaps a switching gap between the first carrier and the second carrier in a time domain from the third set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions, to determine a set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the corresponding carrier.16.The BS of claim 12, wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the BS to determine the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions by:for each of the first carrier and the second carrier,determining a first set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions on a corresponding carrier based on a set of PDSCH-to-HARQ feedback timing values for the corresponding carrier;excluding a candidate PDSCH reception occasion that is not within a set of slots on the corresponding carrier from the first set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions, to determine a second set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the corresponding carrier, wherein the set of slots is the first number of slots on the first carrier or the second number of slots on the second carrier; anddetermining a set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the corresponding carrier based on the second set of candidate PDSCH reception occasions.17.The BS of claim 12, wherein the PDSCH is transmitted in a candidate PDSCH reception occasion that does not overlap a switching gap between the first carrier and the second carrier in a time domain among the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions.18.The BS of any of claims 13, 15 and 17, wherein the switching gap is indicated by the carrier switching pattern or predefined; orwherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the BS to transmit the switching gap to the UE.19.A processor, comprising:at least one controller coupled with at least one memory and configured to cause the processor to:receive signaling indicating a carrier switching pattern, wherein the carrier switching pattern indicates a first number of slots for a user equipment (UE) to receive downlink transmission on a first carrier and a second number of slots for the UE to receive downlink transmission on a second carrier;receive a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) on the first carrier or the second carrier;determine a set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the first carrier and the second carrier, wherein the PDSCH is received within the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions;generate hybrid automatic repeat request acknowledgement (HARQ-ACK) feedback corresponding to the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions and the PDSCH; andtransmit the generated HARQ-ACK feedback on the first carrier.20.A method for wireless communication, comprising:receiving signaling indicating a carrier switching pattern, wherein the carrier switching pattern indicates a first number of slots for a user equipment (UE) to receive downlink transmission on a first carrier and a second number of slots for the UE to receive downlink transmission on a second carrier;receiving a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) on the first carrier or the second carrier;determining a set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions on the first carrier and the second carrier, wherein the PDSCH is received within the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions;generating hybrid automatic repeat request acknowledgement (HARQ-ACK) feedback corresponding to the set of valid candidate PDSCH reception occasions and the PDSCH; andtransmitting the generated HARQ-ACK feedback on the first carrier.
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