Communication method and apparatus

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of communications, and in particular to a communication method and apparatus, which can be applied to the field of AMP. The communication method and apparatus of the present application support AMP related protocols, or are applicable to IEEE 802.11a / b / g protocols, 802.11n protocols, 802.11ac protocols, 802.11ax protocols, 802.11be protocols or 802.11bn protocols, as well as other protocols of the IEEE 802.11 series. In the method, the transmission bandwidth or transmission power of a signal can be determined by the duration (or data rate) of an ON symbol in OOK modulation, or can be determined by a topological structure. Thus, the side-lobe amplitude of a signal can be reduced by adjusting the transmission bandwidth or transmission power, thereby reducing interference to adjacent channels.

Description

Communication method and apparatus

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 202411244964.0, filed on September 5, 2024, with the State Intellectual Property Office of China, with the title of “Communication method and apparatus”, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, in particular to a communication method and apparatus. BACKGROUND

[0003] Traditional IoT devices are usually equipped with limited-life batteries, and the need to replace the batteries affects the user experience. With the great growth of IoT networks and IoT devices, the maintenance costs (including labor and battery costs) will also greatly increase. First, billions of batteries are discarded every year, only a small part of which can be effectively recycled, causing harmful effects on the earth's ecosystem. Second, it can be very difficult to maintain the operation of the IoT network and replace the batteries under extreme environmental conditions. To address the above problems, battery-free IoT communication is proposed, which can effectively improve network performance and sustainability and expand application scenarios by collecting environmental energy. In addition, by removing the battery, the device size and cost can be significantly reduced, thereby supporting various new applications.

[0004] Due to the wide deployment and use of unlicensed bands, Wi-Fi communication systems are extremely competitive from the perspective of deployment cost. However, the current existing Wi-Fi internet of things (IoT) technology still cannot solve the needs of many use cases in view of the following situations. First, in extreme environmental conditions (such as high pressure, extremely high / low temperature, humid environment), traditional battery-powered devices may not work properly. Second, many use cases require maintenance-free devices (for example, no need / cannot replace traditional batteries). Finally, some use cases require ultra-low complexity, very small device size (for example, a few millimeters thick), longer life cycle, etc. Ambient power (AMP) based internet of things can achieve battery-free communication and meet the requirements of various vertical applications. Such devices can collect energy from different sources, including radio waves, light (sunlight), motion, heat, etc., so they can not need traditional batteries. The internet of things supported by ambient power is different from traditional Wi-Fi for the following reasons: 1) Wi-Fi devices are usually powered by traditional power supplies; 2) the typical peak power of AMP devices is less than 1 milliwatt (considering the device size limit), which is much lower than the tens to hundreds of milliwatts of power consumption of traditional Wi-Fi devices; 3) simple waveforms other than orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) can be used to reduce complexity and power consumption. Combining AMP supported internet of things with Wi-Fi will enable new internet of things services, and Wi-Fi communication systems will also benefit from it. AMP devices will be an important device type.

[0005] Therefore, how to reduce interference needs to be solved urgently. SUMMARY

[0006] Embodiments of the present application provide a communication method and device, which can effectively reduce the interference of the device.

[0007] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a communication method, which can be applied to an AMP access point (AP) or reader, or the method can be applied to an excitation source (also referred to as a carrier source), and the method comprises:

[0008] The AMP AP determines a transmission bandwidth according to a topology structure; and transmits a signal according to the transmission bandwidth.

[0009] Alternatively,

[0010] The excitation source receives control information, which is used to instruct the excitation source to transmit a signal, and a transmission bandwidth of the signal is determined according to a topology structure; and transmits the signal according to the transmission bandwidth.

[0011] In the embodiments of the present application, different topologies can correspond to different transmission bandwidths, and different transmission bandwidths can result in different sidelobe amplitudes of the power spectral density (PSD) of the signal. That is, the transmission bandwidth of the signal corresponds to the sidelobe amplitude of the PSD of the signal. The greater the sidelobe amplitude of the signal, the greater the interference to other devices. Therefore, by determining the transmission bandwidth in combination with the topology, the influence of the transmission bandwidth on the sidelobe amplitude of the signal can be fully considered, and then the sidelobe amplitude of the signal transmitted by the AMP AP or the excitation source is reduced as much as possible without affecting the transmission bandwidth, thereby reducing the interference to the adjacent channel.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the topology includes single-station backscattering or double-station backscattering.

[0013] In a possible implementation, in the topology of single-station backscattering, the excitation source and the ambient energy access point (AMP AP) are physically integrated; and in the topology of double-station backscattering, the excitation source and the AMP AP are physically separated.

[0014] As an example, the signal is an excitation signal (which can be contained in an excitation physical layer protocol data unit (PHY protocol data unit, PPDU)), and the backscattering signal based on the excitation signal is generated according to on-off keying (OOK) modulation. As another example, the signal is a control signal (which can be contained in a control PPDU), and the control signal can be generated according to orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation or direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) modulation. Alternatively, the control signal is generated according to OFDM modulation and OOK modulation, for example, in the duration of the on symbol of the OOK modulation, the first station transmits the control signal generated according to the OFDM modulation; and in the duration of the off symbol of the OOK modulation, the first station does not transmit the signal. Alternatively, the control signal is generated according to DSSS modulation and OOK modulation, for example, in the duration of the on symbol of the OOK modulation, the first station transmits the control signal generated according to the DSSS modulation; and in the duration of the off symbol of the OOK modulation, the first station does not transmit the signal.

[0015] In a possible implementation, when the topology structure comprises the first topology structure and the modulation mode of the signal comprises OFDM modulation, the transmission bandwidth is less than or equal to 20 MHz; or, when the topology structure comprises the first topology structure and the modulation mode of the signal comprises DSSS modulation, the transmission bandwidth is less than or equal to 22 MHz.

[0016] For example, the first topology structure comprises a two-station backscatter topology structure.

[0017] In a possible implementation, when the topology structure comprises the second topology structure and the modulation mode of the signal comprises OFDM modulation, the transmission bandwidth is 20 MHz; or, when the topology structure comprises the second topology structure and the modulation mode of the signal comprises DSSS modulation, the transmission bandwidth is 22 MHz.

[0018] For example, the second topology structure comprises a single-station backscatter topology structure.

[0019] In the embodiments of the present application, the transmission bandwidth of the signal corresponding to the single-station backscatter is greater than or equal to the transmission bandwidth of the signal corresponding to the two-station backscatter. Taking an excitation signal as an example, in the single-station backscatter topology structure, because the excitation source and the AMP AP are physically integrated together, after the excitation source transmits the excitation signal, the excitation signal is reflected by the AMP STA, and then the AMP AP receives the backscatter signal. The excitation signal transmitted by the excitation source will leak to the AMP AP, and the strength of the leaked signal is much greater than the strength of the backscatter signal. Therefore, in order to effectively extract the backscatter signal, the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) of the AMP AP needs to have a relatively large bit width, which increases the implementation complexity. In a feasible manner, the AMP AP reduces the transmission power, so that the bit width of the ADC is 8-10 bits, and the cost is that the coverage range is only 10-20 centimeters. In the two-station backscatter topology structure, because the excitation source and the AMP AP are physically separated, the signal strength of the excitation signal transmitted by the excitation source and leaked to the AMP AP is much smaller than that in the single-station backscatter. Therefore, the bit number of the ADC of the AMP AP does not need to be too large. The excitation source can transmit the excitation signal at a relatively large transmission power. According to the above different transmission powers, compared with the single-station backscatter, the sidelobe power of the PSD of the backscatter signal in the two-station backscatter is greater. Therefore, the transmission bandwidth corresponding to the single-station backscatter topology structure is greater than the transmission bandwidth corresponding to the two-station backscatter topology structure, which can reduce the sidelobe amplitude of the PSD generated in the two-station backscatter topology structure as much as possible, and reduce the interference on other devices.

[0020] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a communication method, which can be applied to an AMPAP or a reader, or the method can be applied to an excitation source (also referred to as a carrier source), and the method comprises the following steps:

[0021] The transmission bandwidth is determined according to the duration of the on symbol in the OOK modulation, and the signal is transmitted according to the transmission bandwidth.

[0022] Or,

[0023] The control information is received, and the control information is used to indicate that the excitation source transmits the signal, and the transmission bandwidth of the signal is determined according to the duration of the on symbol in the OOK modulation; and the signal is transmitted according to the transmission bandwidth.

[0024] For different durations of the on symbol, the same transmission bandwidth will result in a large side lobe amplitude of the signal with a small duration of the on symbol. Or, for the same duration of the on symbol, the larger the transmission bandwidth, the greater the side lobe amplitude of the signal. Therefore, the relationship between the duration of the on symbol, the transmission bandwidth and the side lobe amplitude can be balanced. The transmission bandwidth is determined by the duration of the on symbol, for example, when the duration of the on symbol is short, the transmission bandwidth is reduced, and when the duration of the on symbol is long, the transmission bandwidth is not reduced as much as possible (or the transmission bandwidth is increased). That is, the duration of the on symbol is positively correlated with the transmission bandwidth. Thus, not only can the interference to other devices be reduced, but the transmission bandwidth can also be ensured as much as possible.

[0025] In a possible implementation, the duration of the on symbol includes a first duration or a second duration, and the transmission bandwidth includes a first bandwidth corresponding to the first duration or a second bandwidth corresponding to the second duration; the first duration is less than the second duration, and the first bandwidth is less than or equal to the second bandwidth.

[0026] In a possible implementation, the signal is an excitation signal, and the backscattering signal based on the excitation signal is generated according to the OOK modulation.

[0027] In a possible implementation, the signal is generated based on the OOK modulation and the OFDM modulation, the transmission bandwidth is determined according to the duration of the on symbol in the OOK modulation, and the determination comprises the following steps: determining the subcarrier number corresponding to the OFDM modulation according to the duration of the on symbol, and the subcarrier number corresponds to the transmission bandwidth.

[0028] The above signal can be a control signal, which can include but is not limited to control information. Other descriptions of the signal can refer to the first aspect, and will not be described in detail here.

[0029] When the subcarrier numbers are continuous, the number of subcarriers in the subcarrier numbers is positively correlated with the transmission bandwidth. For example, the subcarrier numbers are [-6, -5, -4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]. When at least two subcarriers in the subcarrier numbers are discontinuous, the transmission bandwidth is the discrete bandwidth corresponding to the subcarrier numbers. For example, the subcarrier numbers are [-6, -4, -2, 2, 4, 6]. In the two examples of the subcarrier numbers shown above, the transmission bandwidths corresponding to the two examples are the same.

[0030] In the embodiments of the present application, the subcarrier numbers are determined according to the duration of the on symbol, so that the transmission bandwidth can be adjusted, the purpose of reducing the sidelobe amplitude of the PSD of the signal is achieved, and then the interference to other devices is reduced.

[0031] In a possible implementation, the signal is generated based on OOK modulation and DSSS modulation, and the transmission bandwidth is determined according to the duration of the on symbol in the OOK modulation, including: determining the chip rate corresponding to the DSSS modulation according to the duration of the on symbol, and the chip rate corresponds to the transmission bandwidth.

[0032] Optionally, the duration is positively correlated with the chip rate. The chip rate is positively correlated with the transmission bandwidth. In the embodiments of the present application, the chip rate is determined according to the duration of the on symbol, so that the transmission bandwidth can be adjusted, the purpose of reducing the sidelobe amplitude of the PSD of the signal is achieved, and then the interference to other devices is reduced.

[0033] In a third aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a communication method, which can be applied to an AMPAP or a reader, or the method can be applied to an excitation source (which can also be referred to as a carrier source), and the method includes:

[0034] determining the transmission power according to the duration of the on symbol in the OOK modulation; and transmitting the signal according to the transmission power.

[0035] Alternatively,

[0036] receiving control information, the control information being used to indicate that the excitation source transmits the signal, and the transmission power of the signal is determined according to the duration of the on symbol in the OOK modulation; and transmitting the signal according to the transmission power.

[0037] The greater the transmitting power is, the greater the side lobe amplitude of the PSD of the signal is. The greater the duration of the on symbol is, the smaller the side lobe amplitude of the PSD of the signal is. Therefore, the relationship among the duration of the on symbol, the transmitting power and the side lobe amplitude can be balanced. When the duration of the on symbol is small, the transmitting power can be reduced; when the duration of the on symbol is large, the transmitting power can be as much as possible not to be reduced (or the transmitting power can be increased). That is, the duration of the on symbol is positively correlated with the transmitting power. Therefore, not only the interference to other devices can be reduced, but also the transmitting power can be ensured as much as possible.

[0038] In a possible implementation, the duration includes a first duration or a second duration, and the transmitting power includes a first power corresponding to the first duration or a second power corresponding to the second duration; the first duration is smaller than the second duration, and the first power is smaller than or equal to the second power.

[0039] In a possible implementation, the signal is an excitation signal, and the backscatter signal based on the excitation signal is generated according to OOK modulation.

[0040] In a possible implementation, the signal is a control signal, and the control signal is generated according to OOK modulation. For example, the control signal is generated according to OOK modulation and OFDM modulation, or is generated according to OOK modulation and DSSS modulation. The control signal can include, but is not limited to, control information.

[0041] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, which can be applied to an AMP station (AMP STA) or a tag, and the method includes:

[0042] The amplitude of the on symbol is determined according to the duration of the on symbol in the OOK modulation, and the backscatter signal is transmitted according to the amplitude of the on symbol, the backscatter signal being generated based on the OOK modulation;

[0043] Or,

[0044] The control information is received, the control information being used to indicate the amplitude of the on symbol in the OOK modulation, and the backscatter signal is transmitted according to the amplitude of the on symbol, the backscatter signal being generated based on the OOK modulation.

[0045] The greater the amplitude of the open symbol, the greater the side lobe amplitude of the PSD of the signal. The greater the duration of the open symbol, the smaller the side lobe amplitude of the PSD of the signal. Therefore, the relationship between the duration of the open symbol, the amplitude of the open symbol and the side lobe amplitude can be balanced. The smaller the duration of the open symbol, the amplitude of the open symbol can be reduced; the greater the duration of the open symbol, the amplitude of the open symbol can be as high as possible. Thus, not only can the interference to other devices be reduced, but also the amplitude of the open symbol can be guaranteed as high as possible, and the transmission power can be guaranteed.

[0046] In a possible implementation, the duration includes a first duration or a second duration, and the amplitude includes a first amplitude corresponding to the first duration or a second amplitude corresponding to the second duration; the first duration is smaller than the second duration, and the first amplitude is smaller than or equal to the second amplitude.

[0047] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication apparatus for executing the method in the first aspect to the fourth aspect or any possible implementation. The communication apparatus includes a module for executing the method in the first aspect to the fourth aspect or any possible implementation.

[0048] In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication apparatus, which includes a processor and a transceiver. The processor is configured to perform the processing steps in the method in the first aspect to the fourth aspect or any possible implementation. The transceiver is configured to perform the transceiving steps in the method in the first aspect to the fourth aspect or any possible implementation.

[0049] In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication apparatus, which includes a logic circuit and an interface. The interface is configured to input and / or output information. The logic circuit is configured to perform the processing steps in the method in the first aspect to the fourth aspect or any possible implementation.

[0050] In an eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium for storing a computer program, which, when executed on a computer, causes the method in the first aspect to the fourth aspect or any possible implementation to be performed.

[0051] In a ninth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, which, when executed on a computer, causes the method in the first aspect to the fourth aspect or any possible implementation to be performed.

[0052] In a tenth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication system, which comprises an AMP AP and an AMP STA, the AMP AP is configured to perform the method in the first aspect to the third aspect or any possible implementation manner, and the AMP STA is configured to perform the method in the fourth aspect or any possible implementation manner.

[0053] In an eleventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication system, which comprises an excitation source and an AMP STA, the excitation source is configured to perform the method in the first aspect to the third aspect or any possible implementation manner, and the AMP STA is configured to perform the method in the fourth aspect or any possible implementation manner. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0054] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an architecture of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] FIG. 2a and FIG. 2b are schematic diagrams of topologies supporting backscattering according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] FIG. 3a is a schematic diagram of a format of an excitation PPDU according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] FIG. 3b is a schematic diagram of a format of a control PPDU according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0058] FIG. 3c is a schematic diagram of a format of a control+excitation PPDU according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0059] FIG. 4a-FIG. 4e are schematic diagrams of simulations according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0060] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a flow of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0061] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a flow of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0062] FIG. 7a-FIG. 7d are schematic diagrams of relationships between data rates and transmission bandwidths according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0063] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a flow of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0064] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a scenario according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0065] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a flow of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0066] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an added OOK modulation according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0067] FIG. 12a is a schematic diagram of pulse shaping according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0068] FIG. 12b is a schematic diagram of simulation results according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0069] FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0070] FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of another structure of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0071] FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of still another structure of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0072] To facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of the present application, the present application will be further described below with reference to the drawings.

[0073] The terms "first" and "second" and the like in the specification of the present application, claims, and drawings are merely used to distinguish different objects, and are not intended to describe a particular order. In addition, the terms "comprise" and "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device, etc. comprising a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but can optionally further include steps or units not listed, etc., or can optionally further include other steps or units inherent to the process, method, product, or device, etc.

[0074] Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment, nor is it necessarily mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It will be explicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0075] In the present application, "at least one" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "at least two" means two or three and three or more, and "and / or" is used to describe the relationship between the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, "A and / or B" can mean: only A, only B, and A and B exist at the same time, where A and B can be singular or plural. "Or" means there can be two relationships, such as only A, only B; when A and B are not mutually exclusive, it can also mean that there are three relationships, such as only A, only B, and A and B exist at the same time. The character " / " generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after it. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions means any combination of these items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c".

[0076] In the present application, "indication" can include direct indication, indirect indication, display indication, and implicit indication. When describing that certain indication information is used to indicate A, it can be understood that the indication information carries A, directly indicates A, or indirectly indicates A.

[0077] In the present application, the information indicated by the indication information is called the to-be-indicated information. The information shown below for indicating a certain information can be called indication information. In the specific implementation process, there are many ways to indicate the to-be-indicated information, for example, but not limited to, the to-be-indicated information can be directly indicated, such as the to-be-indicated information itself or the index of the to-be-indicated information. It can also be indirectly indicated by indicating other information, where the other information and the to-be-indicated information have an associated relationship. It can also only indicate a part of the to-be-indicated information, and the other part of the to-be-indicated information is known or agreed in advance. For example, the indication of a specific information can also be achieved by means of the arrangement order of each information agreed in advance (for example, the protocol stipulates), thereby reducing the indication overhead to a certain extent. In addition, the to-be-indicated information can be sent as a whole, or it can be sent separately in multiple sub-information, and the sending period and / or sending time of these sub-information can be the same or different.

[0078] In the present application, "sending" and "receiving" represent the direction of signal transmission. For example, "sending information to XX" can be understood as the destination of the information is XX, which can include direct sending through the air interface, and also includes indirect sending through the air interface by other units or modules. "Receiving information from YY" can be understood as the source of the information is YY, which can include direct receiving from YY through the air interface, and also includes indirect receiving from YY through the air interface from other units or modules. "Sending" can also be understood as the "output" of the chip interface, and "receiving" can also be understood as the "input" of the chip interface. In other words, sending and receiving can be between devices, such as between network devices and terminal devices, or within a device, such as between components, modules, chips, software modules or hardware modules within a device through a bus, wire or interface.

[0079] The following describes a communication system related to an embodiment of the present application.

[0080] The technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to a WLAN system, such as Wi-Fi or AMP, and the like. The technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to the institute of electrical and electronics engineers (IEEE) 802.11 series standards (or protocols), for example, the 802.11b standard, the 802.11be standard, the 802.11bn standard (or Wi-Fi 8, also referred to as ultra high reliability (UHR) or ultra high reliability and throughput (UHRT), and the like), or a next-generation standard of the 802.11bn standard or a standard supporting ambient power (AMP), and the like, which are not listed one by one. The technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application can also be applied to a wireless personal area network (WPAN) based on millimeter wave (MMW), such as integrated MMW (IMMW), ultra wideband (UWB) technology, and the like. The technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to the IEEE 802.15 series standards, for example, the 802.15.4a standard, the 802.15.4z standard, or the 802.15.4ab standard, or a future generation UWB WPAN standard, and the like, which are not listed one by one. The technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application can also be applied to a spark link or nearlink standard. The technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application can also be applied to a communication system, for example, can be an internet of things (IoT) system, a vehicle-to-everything (V2X, X can represent any thing) system, a device-to-device (D2D) system, a narrow band IoT (NB-IoT) system, a long term evolution (LTE) system, a 5th-generation (5G) communication system, and a new communication system to be generated in future communication development, and the like.For example, the V2X can include vehicle to vehicle (V2V), vehicle to infrastructure (V2I), vehicle to pedestrian (V2P) or vehicle to network (V2N) communication, etc.

[0081] The WLAN system can provide high-rate low-latency transmission. With the continuous evolution of WLAN application scenarios, the WLAN system will be applied to more scenarios or industries, such as the Internet of Things industry, the Internet of Vehicles industry, or the banking industry, enterprise offices, sports venues, exhibition halls, music halls, hotel rooms, dormitories, wards, classrooms, supermarkets, squares, streets, production workshops, and warehouses, etc. Of course, the devices (such as access points or stations) supporting WLAN communication or sensing can be sensor nodes in smart cities (such as smart water meters, smart electricity meters, smart air detection nodes), smart devices in smart homes (such as smart cameras, projectors, display screens, televisions, sound systems, refrigerators, washing machines, etc.), nodes in the Internet of Things, entertainment terminals (such as augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR) wearable devices, etc.), smart devices in smart offices (such as printers, projectors, amplifiers, sound systems, etc.), Internet of Vehicles devices in the Internet of Vehicles, infrastructure in daily life scenarios (such as vending machines, supermarket self-service navigation stations, self-service checkout devices, self-service ordering machines, etc.), and devices in large sports and music venues, etc.

[0082] Although the embodiments of the present application mainly take WLAN as an example, especially the network applying to IEEE 802.11 series standards. The various aspects involved in the embodiments of the present application can be extended to other networks using various standards or protocols. For example, Bluetooth, high performance radio LAN (HIPERLAN) (a wireless standard similar to the IEEE 802.11 standard) and wide area network (WAN) or other now known or later developed networks. Therefore, regardless of the coverage range and wireless access protocol used, the various aspects provided by the present application can be applied to any suitable wireless network.

[0083] The method provided in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented by a communication device in a communication system. For example, the communication device can be an access point (AP) or a station (STA). The communication device includes, but is not limited to, a communication server, a router, a switch, a bridge, a computer, a mobile phone, a smart home, a tag, and a central control point. For example, the access point and the station can be devices applied to the Internet of Vehicles, Internet of Things nodes, sensors, smart cameras in smart homes, smart remote controllers, smart water and electricity meters, and sensors in smart cities. The following will be described in detail.

[0084] The AP can be an access point for a terminal device (such as a mobile phone) to enter a wired (or wireless) network, and is mainly deployed in a home, a building, and a park, and has a typical coverage radius of tens of meters to hundreds of meters. Of course, the AP can also be deployed outdoors. The AP is equivalent to a bridge connecting a wired network and a wireless network, and mainly functions to connect various wireless network clients together and then access the wireless network to an Ethernet. Specifically, the AP can be a terminal device (such as a mobile phone) or a network device (such as a router) with a Wi-Fi chip. The AP can be a device supporting the 802.11be standard. The AP can also be a device supporting multiple WLAN standards of 802.11bp, 802.11bn, 802.11be, 802.11ax, 802.11ac, 802.11n, 802.11g, 802.11b, and 802.11a. The AP is a device with a wireless communication function. The AP can be a whole machine device, or a chip, a processing system, or a functional module installed in a whole machine device. The device installed with the chip, the processing system, or the functional module can implement the method and functions of the embodiments of the present application under the control of the chip, the processing system, or the functional module. The AP in the present application can be an AMP AP or a high efficient (HE) AP or an extremely high throughput (EHT) AP, and can also be an access point applicable to a future generation of WiFi standards.

[0085] The AP in the embodiments of the present application can include an AMP AP or a reader. The above description of the AP also applies to the AMP AP or the reader. For ease of description, the method embodiments shown below are described by taking the AMP AP as an example.

[0086] The STA can be a wireless communication chip, a wireless sensor, or a wireless communication terminal, and can also be referred to as a user. For example, the STA can be a mobile phone supporting Wi-Fi communication, a tablet supporting Wi-Fi communication, a set-top box supporting Wi-Fi communication, a smart television supporting Wi-Fi communication, a smart wearable device supporting Wi-Fi communication, a vehicle-mounted communication device supporting Wi-Fi communication, and a computer supporting Wi-Fi communication, a tag supporting Wi-Fi communication, a sensor supporting Wi-Fi communication, and the like. Optionally, the STA can support multiple wireless local area network (WLAN) standards of the 802.11 family, such as 802.11bp, 802.11bn, 802.11be, 802.11ax, 802.11ac, 802.11n, 802.11g, 802.11b, and 802.11a. The STA in this application can be an AMP-capable HE STA or an AMP-capable EHT STA, and can also be an AMP-capable STA that supports a future generation of WiFi standards. The STA is a device with wireless communication capabilities. The STA can be a complete device, or it can be a chip, a processing system, or a functional module installed in a complete device. The device in which the chip, processing system, or functional module is installed can implement the methods and functions of the embodiments of the application under the control of the chip, processing system, or functional module.

[0087] In the embodiments of the application, the STA can include an AMP STA or a tag. The above description of the STA also applies to the AMP STA or the tag. For ease of description, the method embodiments shown below will be described by taking the AMP STA as an example.

[0088] For example, the AMP STA can be a low-power IoT device that supports radio frequency energy harvesting. The essence of radio frequency energy harvesting can be to convert RF energy into electrical energy. For example, the AMP STA can convert the RF energy it collects into direct current (DC). Generally, the AMP STA can include four types, or four different capabilities. The four types can be as follows: Type 1, a traditional Wi-Fi device with an energy harvesting device; Type 2, a device that can actively transmit; Type 3, a single-station backscatter support device; and Type 4, a double-station backscatter support device. The classification shown here is only an example and does not limit the embodiments of the application. With the development of standards, other types can also appear in the future, which are not limited by the application. For a description of Type 3 and Type 4, please refer to FIG. 2a and FIG. 2b below.

[0089] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an architecture of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application. FIG. 1 exemplarily shows one AP and six STAs, such as STA1-STAs. As shown in FIG. 1, embodiments of the present application can be applied to scenarios of communication or sensing or energy transfer between an AP and a STA (or an AMP STA), between an AP and an AP, or between a STA (or an AMP STA) and a STA (or an AMP STA), which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application. For example, the AP can communicate or sense or transfer energy with a single STA (or an AMP STA), or the AP can communicate or sense or transfer energy with multiple STAs (or AMP STAs) simultaneously. For example, the AP communicating or sensing or transferring energy with multiple STAs (or AMP STAs) can include downlink transmission in which the AP sends signals to multiple STAs (or AMP STAs) simultaneously, and uplink transmission in which multiple STAs (or AMP STAs) send signals to the AP.

[0090] The number of APs and non-AP STAs (or AMP STAs) shown in FIG. 1 is only an example, and the number of APs or non-AP STAs (or AMP STAs) can be more or less in specific implementations, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0091] FIGS. 2a and 2b are schematic diagrams of topologies supporting backscatter according to embodiments of the present application. FIG. 2a exemplarily shows a single-station backscatter topology. FIG. 2b exemplarily shows a two-station backscatter topology. The devices shown in FIGS. 2a and 2b are only examples, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG. 2a, an AMP AP includes an AMP, a low noise amplifier (LNA), a transmit (TX) interface, and a receive (RX) interface. An AMP STA includes a logic device and an energy harvesting device. FIGS. 2a and 2b also exemplarily show an antenna.

[0092] For example, the single-station backscatter can include the following features: (1) it can work in a 2.4 GHz frequency band or a sub-1 GHz frequency band; (2) an excitation source is physically integrated with the AMP AP; (3) it supports a full-duplex mode; (4) the AMP AP includes two antennas, one of which is used to send an input carrier (i.e., an excitation) required for directional scattering, and the other of which is used to receive a backscattering signal.

[0093] For example, the dual-station backscatter includes the following features: (1) it can work in the 2.4 GHz frequency band or the sub 1 GHz frequency band; (2) the excitation source and the AMP AP are physically separated. The control signal is sent by the AMP AP (including the control signal of the AMP STA and the control of the excitation source) or by the excitation source. The excitation signal is sent by the excitation source. (3) it supports half-duplex mode; (4) the coverage distance is longer than that of the single-station backscatter. Optionally, for the dual-station backscatter, the excitation source can be the AMP STA corresponding to type 1 or the AMP STA corresponding to type 2.

[0094] The specific type of the AMP AP or the AMP STA or the excitation source is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0095] Before introducing the method related to the embodiments of the present application, the PPDU related to the embodiments of the present application is introduced first.

[0096] The PPDU includes at least one of the following: Wi-Fi preamble (or Wi-Fi preamble code), AMP synchronization (AMP-SYNC), AMP signal (AMP-SIG), AMP data or energizer symbols. The AMP data can also be referred to as control payload. The PPDU includes energizer PPDU, control PPDU or control + energizer PPDU.

[0097] FIG. 3a is a format diagram of the energizer PPDU provided by the embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG. 3a, the energizer PPDU includes at least one of the following: Wi-Fi preamble code and energizer symbols (or energizer signal). For the single-station backscatter, the energizer PPDU can be sent by the AMP AP. For the dual-station backscatter, the energizer PPDU can be sent by the excitation source.

[0098] FIG. 3b is a format diagram of the control PPDU provided by the embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG. 3b, the control PPDU includes at least one of the following: Wi-Fi preamble code, AMP-SYNC, AMP-SIG or AMP data. The control PPDU can be sent by the AMP AP or by the excitation source.

[0099] Figure 3c is a format of the control+stimulus PPDU according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 3c, the control+stimulus PPDU includes at least one of the following: a Wi-Fi preamble, an AMP-SYNC, an AMP-SIG, an AMP data (i.e., control payload) or a stimulus symbol. For single station backscatter, the control+stimulus PPDU is transmitted by the AMP AP. The control+stimulus PPDU can also be transmitted by the stimulus source.

[0100] For example, the control+stimulus PPDU can also be referred to as a control-stimulus PPDU, or a PPDU including both control and stimulus, and the specific name of the PPDU is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. The stimulus symbol shown in Figures 3a-3c can also be referred to as a stimulus signal. That is, the stimulus signal can be included in the stimulus PPDU or the control+stimulus PPDU. The control signal can be included in the control PPDU or the control+stimulus PPDU. For ease of description, the stimulus signal and the control signal are taken as examples in the following description.

[0101] Optionally, the stimulus signal can be generated based on DSSS modulation or OFDM modulation.

[0102] In the embodiments of the present application, for the control signal, the control signal can be generated based on OOK modulation. For example, the modulation mode of the control signal can be OOK modulation, or the modulation mode of the control signal can be OFDM modulation and OOK modulation, or the modulation mode of the control signal can be DSSS modulation and OOK modulation. For example, the transmitter can transmit a signal modulated by OFDM in the duration of the on symbol. For example, the transmitter can transmit a signal modulated by DSSS in the duration of the on symbol. No signal is transmitted (or a signal with a transmission strength less than a threshold value is transmitted) in the duration of the off symbol. For the stimulus signal, the stimulus signal can be generated based on OFDM modulation or DSSS modulation. Other modulation modes of the PPDU are not listed one by one.

[0103] For the backscatter signal reflected by the AMP STA, due to the limitation of complexity and power consumption, the commonly used modulation mode of the AMP STA is OOK modulation. For example, the AMP STA transmits the backscatter signal in the duration of the on symbol, and does not transmit the backscatter signal (or a signal with a transmission strength less than a threshold value is transmitted) in the duration of the off symbol. That is, the backscatter signal is generated based on OOK modulation. The backscatter signal is the backscatter signal of the stimulus signal transmitted by the AMP AP or the stimulus source. That is, the backscatter signal based on the stimulus signal is based on OOK modulation. Or, the backscatter signal of the stimulus signal is based on OOK modulation.

[0104] The method related to the embodiments of the present application is introduced as follows.

[0105] In the AMP scenario, due to the complexity and power consumption limitation of the AMP STA side, a common modulation mode for the SIG field, the AMP SYNC field and the AMP data field (i.e. control load) is OOK modulation. Meanwhile, the backscatter signal also adopts OOK modulation. When the excitation signal adopts the existing Wi-Fi waveform, the OOK modulation will expand the signal bandwidth of the existing Wi-Fi waveform, i.e. the sidelobe amplitude is large.

[0106] When the signal is generated based on OOK modulation, since the OOK modulation will expand the bandwidth of the signal, the sidelobe of the PSD is generated, and the sidelobe amplitude is large. The signal includes but is not limited to the above-mentioned PPDU or backscatter signal. Since the sidelobe amplitude is large, the above-mentioned signal will cause interference to the devices on the adjacent frequency band, and the above-mentioned signal will also cause interference to the devices operating on the adjacent frequency band at a level close to the sensitivity threshold. The sidelobe amplitude shown in the embodiments of the present application can also be the sidelobe energy or the sidelobe intensity or the sidelobe power.

[0107] FIGS. 4a-4e are simulation schematic diagrams provided by the embodiments of the present application. Taking the data packet of 802.11b as an example, the sampling rate of the data packet is 200 MHz. The data in the data packet is randomly generated, and Manchester coding is adopted, i.e. bit 0 corresponds to one off symbol and one on symbol, and bit 1 corresponds to one on symbol and one off symbol.

[0108] The rectangle in FIGS. 4a-4e represents the PSD mask, and the curve represents the PSD of the signal. The horizontal coordinate is the frequency of the signal, and the unit is Hz. The vertical coordinate represents the energy / frequency, and the unit is decibels relative (dBr) / Hz. FIG. 4a represents the PSD of the original signal. FIGS. 4b-4e represent the PSD of the backscatter signal of the signal shown in FIG. 4a. The backscatter signal adopts OOK modulation. FIG. 4b represents the PSD of the signal when the data rate of the OOK modulation is 0.5 Mbps. FIG. 4c represents the PSD of the signal when the data rate of the OOK modulation is 1 Mbps. FIG. 4d represents the PSD of the signal when the data rate of the OOK modulation is 2 Mbps. FIG. 4e represents the PSD of the signal when the data rate of the OOK modulation is 4 Mbps. According to the comparison between FIG. 4a and FIG. 4b (or FIGS. 4c-4e), the signal modulated by OOK will expand the original bandwidth of the signal, thereby generating a sidelobe with a large amplitude. According to the comparison between FIGS. 4b-4e, the larger the data rate of the OOK modulation is, the larger the amplitude of the sidelobe is, and the greater the interference to the adjacent channel is.

[0109] No matter the control signal generated based on the OOK modulation or the backscattering signal based on the OOK modulation, a large sidelobe amplitude will be generated, so that the bandwidth of the original signal is expanded. Meanwhile, the greater the data rate of the OOK modulation, the greater the sidelobe amplitude will be, and the more serious the interference to the adjacent channel will be.

[0110] Therefore, the embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, which can effectively reduce the amplitude of the sidelobe, so as to reduce the interference to the adjacent channel.

[0111] FIG. 5 is a flow diagram of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application. The description of the AMP AP, the excitation source or the AMP STA involved in the method can refer to the above, and will not be described in detail here. As shown in FIG. 5, the method comprises:

[0112] 500, the AMP AP determines the transmission bandwidth according to the topology structure.

[0113] Different transmission bandwidths can be determined for different topology structures. For example, the topology structure comprises a first topology structure and a second topology structure, and for the same modulation mode, the transmission bandwidth corresponding to the first topology structure can be less than or equal to the transmission bandwidth corresponding to the second topology structure. For example, in the first topology structure, the AMP AP and the excitation source are physically separated; in the second topology structure, the AMP AP and the excitation source are physically integrated. For example, the coverage range of the first topology structure is greater than the coverage range of the second topology structure. For example, the first topology structure is a two-station backscattering topology structure, and the second topology structure is a single-station backscattering topology structure.

[0114] When the transmission bandwidth corresponding to the first topology structure is the same as the transmission bandwidth corresponding to the second topology structure, the sidelobe amplitude of the PSD of the signal under the first topology structure will be greater than the sidelobe amplitude of the PSD of the signal under the second topology structure, so the transmission power of the excitation signal under the second topology structure can be higher than the transmission power of the excitation signal under the first topology structure. The above-mentioned signal includes a control signal or a backscattering signal based on the excitation signal.

[0115] By reducing the transmission bandwidth corresponding to the first topology structure, the sidelobe amplitude of the PSD of the signal under the first topology structure can be effectively reduced, and the interference to the adjacent channel is reduced.

[0116] As an example, the relationship between the topology structure and the transmission bandwidth is that different topology structures correspond to different bandwidth ranges.

[0117] As another example, the relationship between the topology structure and the transmission bandwidth is that different topology structures correspond to different maximum bandwidths.

[0118] As another example, the relationship between the topology and the transmission bandwidth is that different topologies correspond to different values of the bandwidth. For example, the first topology corresponds to bandwidth 11 MHz, bandwidth 12 MHz, bandwidth 13 MHz, etc., and the second topology corresponds to bandwidth 21 MHz, bandwidth 22 MHz, bandwidth 23 MHz, etc. At least one of the bandwidth 11 MHz, bandwidth 12 MHz, bandwidth 13 MHz is different from at least one of the bandwidth 21 MHz, bandwidth 22 MHz, bandwidth 23 MHz.

[0119] For example, for transmitting a signal using OFDM modulation within the duration of an open symbol, the transmission bandwidth of the signal is less than or equal to 20 MHz in the first topology, and the transmission bandwidth of the signal is equal to 20 MHz in the second topology.

[0120] For example, for transmitting a signal using DSSS modulation within the duration of an open symbol, the transmission bandwidth of the signal is less than or equal to 22 MHz in the first topology, and the transmission bandwidth of the signal is equal to 22 MHz in the second topology.

[0121] For specific examples of the relationship between the topology and the transmission bandwidth, they are not listed here one by one.

[0122] As a possible implementation, as shown in step 500, the AMP AP determines the transmission bandwidth according to the topology. The method shown in FIG. 5 can also refer to mode 51 and mode 52.

[0123] As another possible implementation, the relationship between the topology and the transmission bandwidth can be defined by a standard. For example, the AMP AP can store the relationship between the topology and the transmission bandwidth when it is manufactured. Alternatively, the excitation source does not store the above relationship, and the method shown in FIG. 5 can also refer to steps 511-513 in mode 52. Alternatively, the excitation source stores the above relationship, and the method shown in FIG. 5 can also refer to steps 512-513 in mode 52.

[0124] The method for the AMP AP to learn the topology is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. For example, when the station is connected, it can be determined whether there is an excitation source, thereby determining the topology in which it is located. For another example, in the process of capability interaction between stations, the station can indicate the topology it supports.

[0125] For different topologies, different modes are provided in the embodiments of the present application. For example, for the first topology, it can refer to the description of mode 52 below. For the second topology, it can refer to the description of mode 51 below.

[0126] Mode 51,

[0127] 501、The AMP AP transmits the signal according to the transmission bandwidth. Correspondingly, the AMP STA receives the signal.

[0128] The signal transmitted by the AMP AP can be carried in the PPDU shown in FIGS. 3a-3c. As for the control signal, the control signal can be generated based on OOK modulation; or the control signal is generated based on OOK modulation and OFDM modulation, or the control signal is generated based on OOK modulation and DSSS modulation. As for the excitation signal, the excitation signal is generated based on OFDM modulation, or is generated based on DSSS modulation. The backscatter signal based on the excitation signal is generated based on OOK modulation. Other descriptions about the signal can refer to the related descriptions about the PPDU in FIGS. 3a-3c, and will not be described in detail here.

[0129] In a possible implementation, the method shown in FIG. 5 can further include step 502.

[0130] 502、The AMP STA transmits the backscatter signal. Correspondingly, the AMP AP receives the backscatter signal.

[0131] For example, the AMP STA can transmit the backscatter signal according to OOK modulation.

[0132] Optionally, the specific manner in which the AMP STA transmits the backscatter signal can also be combined with FIG. 10 below. Thus, the sidelobe amplitude generated by the backscatter signal through OOK modulation is reduced as much as possible.

[0133] Optionally, the duration of the on symbol in which the AMP STA performs OOK modulation, or the amplitude of the on symbol can be indicated by the AMP AP to the AMP STA through the control signal.

[0134] Method 52,

[0135] 511、The AMP AP transmits the control information. Correspondingly, the excitation source receives the control information.

[0136] The control information is used to instruct the excitation source to transmit the signal. Optionally, the AMP AP can transmit the control information after determining the transmission bandwidth. The excitation source can determine the transmission bandwidth according to the control information.

[0137] As an example, the control information can be used to indicate the size of the transmission bandwidth. The excitation source determines the transmission bandwidth according to the control information.

[0138] As another example, in the case where the excitation source has learned the transmission bandwidth, the control information can be used to trigger the excitation source to transmit the signal.

[0139] For example, the control information can be contained in a control PPDU. The specific form of the control information is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0140] 512、The excitation source transmits a signal according to the transmission bandwidth. Correspondingly, the AMP STA receives the signal.

[0141] The signal can include an excitation signal, and a backscatter signal of the excitation signal can be generated based on OOK modulation. Other descriptions about the signal can refer to the related descriptions about the PPDU in FIGS. 3a-3c, and will not be repeated here.

[0142] 513、The AMP STA transmits a backscatter signal. Correspondingly, the AMP AP receives the backscatter signal.

[0143] The description about step 513 can refer to the description about step 502, and will not be repeated here.

[0144] In the embodiments of the present application, the AMP AP determines the transmission bandwidth in combination with the topology, and can fully consider the influence of the transmission bandwidth on the sidelobe amplitude of the signal, so as to reduce the sidelobe amplitude of the signal as much as possible without affecting the transmission bandwidth, and reduce the interference on the adjacent channel.

[0145] FIG. 6 is a flow diagram of a communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application. The descriptions of the AMP AP, the excitation source or the AMP STA involved in the method can refer to the above, and will not be repeated here. As shown in FIG. 6, the method includes:

[0146] 600、The AMP AP determines the transmission bandwidth according to the duration of the on symbol in the OOK modulation.

[0147] The duration of the on symbol, the duration of the off symbol, and the number of bits corresponding to the on symbol and the off symbol can be used to determine the data rate of the OOK modulation. That is, the duration of the on symbol in the OOK modulation can also correspond to the data rate of the OOK modulation. Optionally, the duration of the on symbol and the data rate are negatively correlated. In the embodiments of the present application, the relationship between the duration of the on symbol and the transmission bandwidth (bandwidth, BW) is also applicable to the relationship between the data rate of the OOK modulation and the transmission bandwidth.

[0148] FIG. 7a-7d are diagrams of the relationship between data rate and transmission bandwidth according to embodiments of the present application. FIG. 7a shows a comparison of the sidelobe amplitude of a chirp signal when the data rate of OOK modulation is 1 Mbps and the transmission bandwidth is 5 MHz and 10 MHz. FIG. 7b shows a comparison of the sidelobe amplitude of a multi-tone signal when the data rate of OOK modulation is 1 Mbps and the transmission bandwidth is 5 MHz and 10 MHz. FIG. 7c shows a comparison of the sidelobe amplitude of a single carrier signal when the data rate of OOK modulation is 1 Mbps and the transmission bandwidth is 5 MHz and 10 MHz. FIG. 7d shows a comparison of the sidelobe amplitude of a DSSS waveform when the data rate of OOK modulation is 1 Mbps and the transmission bandwidth is 22 MHz and 11 MHz. As can be seen from FIG. 7a-7d, the greater the transmission bandwidth, the greater the sidelobe amplitude. Thus, the greater the sidelobe amplitude in adjacent channels, and the greater the interference with other devices.

[0149] For different durations of the on symbol, when the transmission bandwidth is the same, the sidelobe amplitude of the signal with a small duration of the on symbol is large. Or, for the same duration of the on symbol, the greater the transmission bandwidth, the greater the sidelobe amplitude. Thus, the method shown in FIG. 6, by considering the relationship between the duration of the on symbol, the transmission bandwidth and the sidelobe amplitude, the signal with a small duration of the on symbol can adaptively reduce the transmission bandwidth, reduce the sidelobe amplitude, and minimize the interference with adjacent channels.

[0150] In embodiments of the present application, the transmission bandwidth can be adaptively adjusted according to the duration of the on symbol, or the transmission bandwidth can be adaptively adjusted according to the data rate. For example, the duration of the on symbol and the transmission bandwidth are positively correlated. The data rate and the transmission bandwidth are negatively correlated.

[0151] As an example, the relationship between the duration of the on symbol and the transmission bandwidth is that different durations of the on symbol correspond to different bandwidth ranges.

[0152] As another example, the relationship between the duration of the on symbol and the transmission bandwidth is that different durations of the on symbol correspond to different maximum bandwidths.

[0153] As yet another example, the relationship between the duration of the on symbol and the transmission bandwidth is that different durations of the on symbol correspond to different values of bandwidth. For example, a first duration corresponds to bandwidth 1a MHz, bandwidth 1b MHz, bandwidth 1c MHz, etc., and a second duration corresponds to bandwidth 2a MHz, bandwidth 2b MHz, bandwidth 2c MHz, etc. At least one of bandwidth 1a MHz, bandwidth 1b MHz, bandwidth 1c MHz is different from at least one of bandwidth 2a MHz, bandwidth 2b MHz, bandwidth 2c MHz.

[0154] For example, the transmission bandwidth includes a first bandwidth corresponding to a first duration, or a second bandwidth corresponding to a second duration. The first duration is less than the second duration, and the first bandwidth is less than or equal to the second bandwidth. In view of the relationship between the duration of the open symbol and the data rate, the first duration corresponds to a first data rate, and the second duration corresponds to a second data rate, and the first data rate is greater than or equal to the second data rate.

[0155] For example, the relationship between the duration of the open symbol and the transmission bandwidth can be in the form of a table. For another example, the relationship between the duration of the open symbol and the transmission bandwidth can be in the form of a formula. The specific form of the relationship between the duration of the open symbol and the transmission bandwidth is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0156] Table 1 exemplarily shows the relationship between the duration of the open symbol and the transmission bandwidth. Table 2 exemplarily shows the relationship between the data rate and the transmission bandwidth. Duration 1> Duration 2> Duration 3> Duration 4. Data rate 1< Data rate 2< Data rate 3< Data rate 4. b1≥b2≥b3≥b4. Duration 1 corresponds to data rate 1, duration 2 corresponds to data rate 2, duration 3 corresponds to data rate 3, and duration 4 corresponds to data rate 4.

[0157] Table 1 Duration and transmission bandwidth

[0158] Table 2 Data rate and transmission bandwidth

[0159] Optionally, the transmission bandwidth can be determined based on the region where the device is located. When the device is in Europe and China, the bandwidth of the signal is greater than or equal to 10 MHz in the 2.4 GHz band, so that the device can transmit at the maximum power specified by the regulation, and the coverage is guaranteed. In the United States, there can be no minimum bandwidth requirement. The way of determining the transmission bandwidth based on the region where the device is located can be combined with step 600, such as the AMP AP determining the transmission bandwidth based on the duration of the open symbol and the region where the device is located. Alternatively, the way of determining the transmission bandwidth based on the region where the device is located can be a separate embodiment.

[0160] Table 3 exemplarily shows the power requirements in different regions. Table 3 is exemplarily shown in the 2.4 GHz band, and is not a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

[0161] Table 3 Power requirements in different regions

[0162] As a possible implementation, the relationship between the duration of the on symbol and the transmission bandwidth, or the relationship between the data rate and the transmission bandwidth, is applicable to a signal such as a chirp signal, a multi-tone signal, or a single-carrier signal. That is, the signal transmitted by the AMP AP or the excitation source can be a signal of a waveform other than an OFDM waveform or a DSSS waveform. The signal is generated based on OOK modulation, or the backscattered signal of the signal is generated based on OOK modulation.

[0163] As another possible implementation, the relationship between the duration of the on symbol and the transmission bandwidth, or the relationship between the data rate and the transmission bandwidth, is applicable to a signal such as an OFDM waveform signal or a DSSS waveform signal.

[0164] For example, when the signal is an OFDM waveform signal, the transmission bandwidth can be less than or equal to 20 MHz. When the signal is a DSSS waveform signal, the transmission bandwidth can be less than or equal to 22 MHz.

[0165] For example, the signal transmitted by the AMP AP or the excitation source is generated according to OFDM modulation, and the backscattered signal of the signal is generated according to OOK modulation. For another example, the signal transmitted by the AMP AP or the excitation source is generated based on OOK modulation and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation. The transmission bandwidth is determined according to the duration of the on symbol in the OOK modulation, including determining the subcarrier number corresponding to the OFDM modulation according to the duration, the subcarrier number corresponding to the transmission bandwidth. The AMP AP can adjust the subcarrier number according to the duration of the on symbol. Alternatively, the AMP AP can determine the subcarrier number corresponding to the OFDM modulation according to the data rate, the subcarrier number corresponding to the transmission bandwidth. The subcarrier number and the transmission bandwidth are positively correlated. For example, the transmission bandwidth corresponds to the bandwidth between the two subcarriers farthest apart in the subcarrier number. The duration of the on symbol and the bandwidth corresponding to the subcarrier number are positively correlated. The data rate and the bandwidth corresponding to the subcarrier number are negatively correlated.

[0166] Alternatively, the subcarriers can be numbered in order of frequency from low to high. Each subcarrier number corresponds to a subcarrier. The subcarrier number has positive numbers, negative numbers, and 0. Therefore, the AMP AP can also determine the subcarrier number (or subcarrier set) according to the duration of the on symbol. For example, the greater the duration of the on symbol, the greater the bandwidth corresponding to the subcarrier used by the signal. For another example, the greater the data rate, the smaller the bandwidth corresponding to the subcarrier used by the signal. The relationship between the duration of the on symbol and the subcarrier number is referred to Table 4, the relationship between the data rate and the subcarrier number is referred to Table 5, or it can also be referred to the description of Tables 1-3 above, which will not be described in detail here.

[0167] For example, the signal transmitted by the AMP AP or excitation source is generated according to DSSS modulation, and the backscattering signal of the signal is generated according to OOK modulation. For another example, the signal transmitted by the AMP AP or excitation source is generated based on OOK modulation and direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) modulation. The transmission bandwidth is determined according to the duration of the on symbol in the OOK modulation, including: determining the chip rate corresponding to the DSSS modulation according to the duration of the on symbol, and the chip rate corresponds to the transmission bandwidth. The AMP AP can adjust the chip rate according to the duration. Alternatively, the AMP AP can determine the chip rate corresponding to the DSSS modulation according to the data rate. The chip rate is positively correlated with the transmission bandwidth. For example, the transmission bandwidth = coefficient * chip rate. The system can be equal to 2, and the specific setting manner of the coefficient is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. The duration of the on symbol is positively correlated with the chip rate. The data rate is negatively correlated with the chip rate.

[0168] For example, the greater the duration of the on symbol, the higher the chip rate. The smaller the duration of the on symbol, the lower the chip rate. For another example, the greater the data rate, the lower the chip rate. The smaller the data rate, the higher the chip rate. The relationship between the duration and the chip rate is referred to Table 4, the relationship between the data rate and the subcarrier number is referred to Table 5, or the description about Tables 1-3 above can also be referred to, which will not be described in detail here.

[0169] Table 4 exemplarily shows the relationship between the duration of the on symbol and the chip rate, and the relationship between the duration of the on symbol and the subcarrier number. Table 5 exemplarily shows the relationship between the data rate and the chip rate, and the relationship between the duration of the on symbol and the subcarrier number. Duration 1 > duration 2 > duration 3 > duration 4. Data rate 1 < data rate 2 < data rate 3 < data rate 4. Duration 1 corresponds to data rate 1, duration 2 corresponds to data rate 2, duration 3 corresponds to data rate 3, and duration 4 corresponds to data rate 4. 11Mcps ≥ x1 ≥ x2 ≥ x3 ≥ x4, The 11Mcps and -32-31 listed here are only examples and are not limited to the embodiments of the present application. i = x i * coefficient, i = 1, 2, 3, 4.

[0170] Table 4 Duration and Chip Rate / Duration and Subcarrier Number

[0171] Table 5 Data Rate and Chip Rate / Data Rate and Subcarrier Number

[0172] As a possible implementation, the AMP AP determines the transmission bandwidth according to the duration of the on symbol in the OOK modulation, as shown in step 600. The method shown in FIG. 6 can also refer to mode 61 and mode 62.

[0173] As another possible implementation, the relationship between the duration of the on symbol in the OOK modulation and the transmission bandwidth can be defined by a standard. As the AMP AP is shipped from the factory, the relationship between the duration of the on symbol in the OOK modulation and the transmission bandwidth can be stored. Alternatively, the excitation source does not store the above relationship, and the method shown in FIG. 6 can also refer to steps 611-613 in mode 62. Alternatively, the excitation source stores the above relationship, and the method shown in FIG. 6 can also refer to steps 612-613 in mode 62.

[0174] For different topologies, the embodiments of the present application also provide different modes. As for the first topology, the description of mode 62 below can be referred to. As for the second topology, the description of mode 61 below can be referred to.

[0175] Mode 61,

[0176] 601. The AMP AP transmits a signal according to the transmission bandwidth. Correspondingly, the AMP STA receives the signal.

[0177] The description of step 601 can refer to the description of 501 above, which will not be described in detail here.

[0178] In a possible implementation, the method shown in FIG. 6 can also include step 602.

[0179] 602. The AMP STA transmits a backscatter signal. Correspondingly, the AMP AP receives the backscatter signal.

[0180] The description of step 602 can refer to the description of 502 above, which will not be described in detail here.

[0181] Mode 62,

[0182] 611. The AMP AP transmits control information. Correspondingly, the excitation source receives the control information.

[0183] The control information is used to instruct the excitation source to transmit a signal. Alternatively, the AMP AP can transmit the control information after determining the transmission bandwidth according to the duration of the on symbol. The excitation source can determine that it transmits a signal according to the transmission bandwidth according to the control information.

[0184] The description of step 611 can refer to the description of 511 above, which will not be described in detail here.

[0185] 612、The excitation source sends a signal according to the transmission bandwidth. Correspondingly, the AMP STA receives the signal.

[0186] The description of step 612 can refer to the description of 512 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0187] 613、The AMP STA sends a backscattering signal. Correspondingly, the AMP AP receives the backscattering signal.

[0188] The description of step 613 can refer to the description of step 502 or 513, which will not be repeated here.

[0189] The embodiments of the present application can effectively reduce the sidelobe amplitude of the signal, effectively reduce the interference of the adjacent frequency band, and reduce the interference to other devices.

[0190] FIG. 8 is a flow diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application. The description of the AMP AP, the excitation source or the AMP STA involved in the method can refer to the above, which will not be repeated here. As shown in FIG. 8, the method comprises:

[0191] 800、The AMP AP determines the transmission power according to the duration of the on symbol in the OOK modulation.

[0192] In the embodiments of the present application, the duration of the on symbol can correspond to the data rate. The relationship between the duration and the data rate can refer to the above, such as the description of step 600, which will not be repeated here.

[0193] For different durations of the on symbol, the same transmission power will result in a large sidelobe amplitude of the signal with a small duration of the on symbol. Or for the same duration of the on symbol, the larger the transmission power, the larger the sidelobe amplitude. Therefore, the method shown in FIG. 8 considers the relationship between the duration of the on symbol, the transmission power and the sidelobe amplitude. The signal with a small duration of the on symbol can adaptively reduce the transmission power and the sidelobe amplitude, and minimize the interference to the adjacent channel.

[0194] In the embodiments of the present application, the AMP AP can adjust the transmission power according to the duration of the on symbol, or adjust the transmission power according to the data rate. The duration of the on symbol and the transmission power are positively correlated. The data rate and the transmission power are negatively correlated. For example, the smaller the duration of the on symbol, the smaller the transmission power; the larger the duration of the on symbol, the larger the transmission power. For another example, the larger the data rate, the smaller the transmission power; the smaller the data rate, the larger the transmission power.

[0195] As an example, the relationship between the duration of the on symbol and the transmission power is that different durations of the on symbol correspond to different ranges of transmission power.

[0196] As another example, the relationship between the duration of the on symbol and the transmission power is that different durations of the on symbol correspond to different maximum transmission powers.

[0197] As yet another example, the relationship between the duration of the on symbol and the transmission power is that different durations of the on symbol correspond to different values of the transmission power. For example, the first duration corresponds to transmission power 1a dBm, transmission power 1b dBm, transmission power 1c dBm, etc., and the second duration corresponds to transmission power 2a dBm, transmission power 2b dBm, transmission power 2c dBm, etc. At least one of the transmission power 1a dBm, transmission power 1b dBm, transmission power 1c dBm is different from at least one of the transmission power 2a dBm, transmission power 2b dBm, transmission power 2c dBm. The "1a", "1b", "1c", "2a", "2b", "2c" shown in the embodiments of the present application are different transmission power values, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific values of the parameters.

[0198] For example, the duration of the on symbol includes a first duration or a second duration, and the transmission power includes a first power corresponding to the first duration or a second power corresponding to the second duration. The first duration is less than the second duration, and the first power is less than or equal to the second power. In view of the relationship between the duration and the data rate, the first duration corresponds to a first data rate, and the second duration corresponds to a second data rate. The first data rate is greater than or equal to the second data rate.

[0199] For example, the relationship between the duration of the on symbol and the transmission power can be in the form of a table. For another example, the relationship between the duration of the on symbol and the transmission power can be in the form of a formula. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific form of the relationship between the duration of the on symbol and the transmission power.

[0200] Other descriptions of step 800 can be adaptively referred to the description of step 600, which will not be described in detail here.

[0201] As a possible implementation, as shown in step 800, the transmission power is determined by the AMP AP according to the duration of the on symbol in the OOK modulation. The method shown in FIG. 8 can also be referred to as mode 81 and mode 82.

[0202] As another possible implementation, the relationship between the duration of the on symbol and the transmission power in the OOK modulation can be defined by the standard. As the AMP AP is shipped from the factory, the relationship between the duration of the on symbol and the transmission power in the OOK modulation can be stored. Alternatively, the excitation source does not store the above relationship, and the method shown in FIG. 8 can further refer to steps 811-813 in mode 82. Alternatively, the excitation source stores the above relationship, and the method shown in FIG. 8 can further refer to steps 812-813 in mode 82.

[0203] For different topologies, embodiments of the present application also provide different modes. For the first topology, the description of mode 82 below can be referred to. For the second topology, the description of mode 81 below can be referred to.

[0204] Mode 81,

[0205] 801. The AMP AP transmits a signal according to the transmission power. Correspondingly, the AMP STA receives the signal.

[0206] The signal transmitted by the AMP AP can be generated based on OOK modulation and OFDM modulation, or generated based on OOK modulation and DSSS modulation. Alternatively, the signal transmitted by the AMP AP is generated based on OFDM modulation or DSSS modulation, and the backscatter signal of the signal is generated based on OOK.

[0207] The description of step 801 can refer to the description of 501 above, which will not be described in detail here.

[0208] In one possible implementation, the method shown in FIG. 8 can further include step 802.

[0209] 802. The AMP STA transmits a backscatter signal. Correspondingly, the AMP AP receives the backscatter signal.

[0210] The description of step 802 can refer to the description of 502 above, which will not be described in detail here.

[0211] Mode 82,

[0212] 811. The AMP AP transmits control information. Correspondingly, the excitation source receives the control information.

[0213] The control information is used to instruct the excitation source to transmit a signal. Alternatively, the AMP AP can transmit the control information after determining the transmission power according to the duration of the on symbol. It is said that the excitation source can determine the power of the signal it transmits according to the control information.

[0214] The description of step 811 can refer to the description of 511 above, which will not be described in detail here.

[0215] 812. The excitation source transmits a signal according to the transmission power. Correspondingly, the AMP STA receives this signal.

[0216] For an explanation of step 812, please refer to the description of 512 above, which will not be elaborated here.

[0217] 813. The AMP STA sends a backscatter signal. Correspondingly, the AMP AP receives this backscatter signal.

[0218] For an explanation of step 813, please refer to the description of steps 502 or 513, which will not be elaborated here.

[0219] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of a scenario provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 9, the AMP AP sends a clear to send (CTS) frame to itself, which can be used to request channel occupancy. The AMP AP sends an excitation PPDU to the AMP STA, which can be used by the AMP STA for energy harvesting (for charging the AMP STA), or in other words, the excitation PPDU can be used to activate the AMP STA. At this time, the AMP AP does not need to transmit data, nor does it need the AMP STA to reflect back data. The excitation PPDU can be transmitted at the maximum power specified by regulations.

[0220] The AMP AP transmits control + excitation PPDU 1, which carries downlink control information and can also be used by the AMP STA for backscattering based on the excitation signal in PPDU 1. The AMP AP can transmit downlink control information at a lower data rate, and the AMP STA can transmit the backscattered signal of the excitation signal at a lower data rate. This allows control + excitation PPDU 1 to be transmitted at a higher transmit power (high transmit power as shown in Figure 9) to meet coverage requirements. After receiving a control response from the AMP STA, the AMP AP can dynamically adjust the transmit power of control + excitation PPDU 2 and the OOK modulation data rate (including the data rate of the downlink control information and the data rate of the backscattered signal of the excitation signal in PPDU 2) based on the energy of the control response. Since the AMP AP already knows the relevant information of the AMP STA's backscattered signal, the AMP AP can control the AMP STA's data rate (or the duration of the open symbol) or adjust the energy or bandwidth of the signal transmitted by the AMP AP. For example, when a higher OOK modulation data rate is required, the transmit power can be reduced. When a lower OOK modulation data rate is required, the transmit power can be increased. The terms "larger" or "smaller" as used in the embodiments of this application are relative.

[0221] The embodiment of the present application can effectively reduce the sidelobe amplitude of the generated signal, effectively reduce the interference of the adjacent frequency band, and reduce the interference to other devices.

[0222] The method shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 8 above can be a separate embodiment, or the AMP AP can adjust at least one of the transmission power or the transmission bandwidth in combination with FIG. 6 and FIG. 8 above.

[0223] When the duration (or data rate) of the on symbol, the transmission bandwidth and the transmission power are combined, as follows:

[0224] As a possible implementation, taking the first duration and the second duration (or the first data rate and the second data rate) shown above as an example, the first duration is less than the second duration (the first data rate is greater than or equal to the second data rate), the first bandwidth is less than or equal to the second bandwidth, and the first power is less than or equal to the second power.

[0225] As another possible implementation, still taking the first duration and the second duration (or the first data rate and the second data rate) as an example, the first duration is less than the second duration (the first data rate is greater than or equal to the second data rate). As an example, the first bandwidth is greater than or equal to the second bandwidth, and the first power is less than or equal to the second power. As another example, the first bandwidth is less than or equal to the second bandwidth, and the first power is greater than or equal to the second power.

[0226] According to the above relationship between the transmission bandwidth and the transmission power, optionally, the method for determining the transmission bandwidth according to the topology structure shown in FIG. 5 can also be applied to the method for determining the transmission power according to the topology structure. For the specific manner of combination, please refer to the above, which will not be described here in detail.

[0227] FIG. 10 is a flow diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application. The description of the AMP AP, the excitation source or the AMP STA involved in the method can refer to the above, which will not be described here in detail. As shown in FIG. 10, the method comprises:

[0228] 1001, the AMP STA determines the amplitude of the on symbol according to the duration of the on symbol in the OOK modulation.

[0229] The amplitude of the on symbol can determine the transmission power of the backscattering signal. For example, the amplitude of the on symbol is positively correlated with the transmission power.

[0230] For example, the duration of the on symbol includes a first duration or a second duration, and the amplitude includes a first amplitude corresponding to the first duration or a second amplitude corresponding to the second duration. The first duration is less than the second duration, and the first amplitude is less than or equal to the second amplitude. The first data rate is greater than or equal to the second data rate, and the first amplitude is less than or equal to the second amplitude. The description of the duration of the on symbol and the amplitude (or transmission power) is described above with reference to the description of FIG. 8, and is not described in detail here.

[0231] For the AMP STA, the most commonly used modulation mode is OOK modulation. The AMP STA can switch between two symbols, and the reflected excitation signal is an on symbol and the absorbed excitation signal is an off symbol. The switching symbol operation can be achieved by switching the antenna impedance of the AMP STA between the matched state and the unmatched state. The amplitude can be adjusted by the duration of the on symbol to achieve enhanced OOK modulation, which can be achieved by variable impedance control of the AMP STA. For example, the AMP STA can adjust the backscatter loss, and the first amplitude corresponds to a backscatter loss of 5 dB, and the second amplitude corresponds to a backscatter loss of 10 dB. The enhanced OOK modulation can include multiple symbol pairs of on symbols and off symbols. For different durations of the on symbol, the amplitude gain of the backscatter signal is different.

[0232] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of increased OOK modulation according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 11, the amplitudes of the off symbols in each symbol pair are the same, and the amplitudes of the on symbols are different. When the data rate 1 < data rate 2 < data rate 3, the amplitude of the on symbol 1 >= the amplitude of the on symbol 2 >= the amplitude of the on symbol 3.

[0233] As a possible implementation, as shown in step 1001, the AMP STA determines the amplitude of the on symbol according to the duration of the on symbol in the OOK modulation. As another possible implementation, the AMP AP transmits control information, and the AMP STA receives the control information, which is used to indicate the amplitude of the on symbol in the OOK modulation, which is determined by the duration of the on symbol in the OOK modulation.

[0234] 1002, transmitting the backscatter signal according to the amplitude of the on symbol, the backscatter signal being generated based on the OOK modulation.

[0235] The method shown in FIG. 10 can also be applied to the method shown in FIG. 5 or FIG. 6 or FIG. 8.

[0236] By adjusting the amplitude of the on symbol through the duration of the on symbol, the purpose of adjusting the transmission power can be achieved. Therefore, the embodiments of the present application can effectively reduce the sidelobe amplitude of the backscatter signal, effectively reduce the interference of the adjacent frequency band, and reduce the interference to other devices.

[0237] FIG. 12a is a schematic diagram of pulse shaping according to an embodiment of the present application. When the AMP STA transmits the backscatter signal by OOK modulation, a filter is used on the basis of OOK modulation. That is, the steep rising edge and falling edge of the original on-symbol rectangular pulse are adjusted to be gentle rising edge and falling edge. For example, the on-symbol rectangular waveform is adjusted to be a raised cosine waveform or a root raised cosine (RRC) waveform or a square root raised cosine (SRRC) waveform. Thus, the sidelobe amplitude of the backscatter signal can be effectively reduced.

[0238] FIG. 12b is a schematic diagram of simulation results according to an embodiment of the present application. FIG. 12b takes the DSSS signal as an example, the transmission bandwidth is 11 MHz, the RRC pulse shaping is used, and the data rate is 1 Mbps. As can be seen from FIG. 12b, when the AMP STA adjusts the rectangular waveform in the on-symbol duration to be a root raised cosine waveform, the sidelobe amplitude of the backscatter signal is effectively suppressed.

[0239] In a possible implementation, the control signal is generated based on OOK modulation. Therefore, for the AMP AP or excitation source that transmits the control signal, a filter is used on the basis of OOK modulation. That is, the steep rising edge and falling edge of the original on-symbol rectangular pulse are adjusted to be gentle rising edge and falling edge. For example, the on-symbol rectangular waveform is adjusted to be a raised cosine waveform or a root raised cosine (RRC) waveform or a square root raised cosine (SRRC) waveform. Thus, the sidelobe amplitude of the control signal can be effectively reduced.

[0240] The communication device according to an embodiment of the present application will be described below.

[0241] The communication device according to an embodiment of the present application will be described below.

[0242] FIG. 13 is a structural schematic diagram of a communication apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 13, the communication apparatus includes a processing module 1301 and a transceiver module 1302. The transceiver module 1302 can implement corresponding communication functions, and the processing module 1301 is configured to implement corresponding processing functions. The transceiver module 1302 can also be referred to as an interface, a communication interface, or a communication module, etc.

[0243] In some embodiments of the present application, the communication apparatus can be configured to perform the actions performed by the AMP AP in the above method embodiments. The AMP AP can be the WLAN device itself or a chip or functional module configured in the WLAN device, etc. The transceiver module 1302 is configured to perform the transceiver-related operations of the communication apparatus in the above method embodiments, and the processing module 1301 is configured to perform the processing-related operations of the communication apparatus in the above method embodiments.

[0244] The processing module 1301 is configured to determine the transmission bandwidth according to the topology, or determine the bandwidth according to the duration of the on symbol in the OOK modulation, or determine the transmission power according to the duration of the on symbol in the OOK modulation.

[0245] The transceiver module 1302 is configured to send or output a signal. The signal can be a control signal, which is generated based on the OOK modulation, or generated based on the OOK modulation and the OFDM modulation, or generated based on the OOK modulation and the DSSS modulation. Alternatively, the signal can be an excitation signal, and the backscattering signal of the excitation signal is generated based on the OOK modulation.

[0246] Optionally, the transceiver module 1302 is further configured to send or output control information, which is used to instruct the excitation source to send the signal, or used to instruct the excitation source to adopt the amplitude of the on symbol in the OOK modulation.

[0247] In some other embodiments of the present application, the communication apparatus can be configured to perform the actions performed by the excitation source in the above method embodiments. The excitation source can be the WLAN device itself or a chip or functional module configured in the WLAN device, etc. The transceiver module 1302 is configured to perform the transceiver-related operations of the communication apparatus in the above method embodiments, and the processing module 1301 is configured to perform the processing-related operations of the communication apparatus in the above method embodiments.

[0248] The transceiver module 1302 is configured to receive or input control information and send a signal. The signal can include an excitation signal, and the backscattering signal of the excitation signal is generated based on the OOK modulation.

[0249] In some embodiments of the application, the communication apparatus can be configured to perform the actions performed by the AMP STA in the above method embodiments. The AMP STA can be the WLAN device itself or a chip or functional module configured in the WLAN device. The transceiver module 1302 is configured to perform the transceiver-related operations of the communication apparatus in the above method embodiments. The processing module 1301 is configured to perform the processing-related operations of the communication apparatus in the above method embodiments.

[0250] The transceiver module 1302 is configured to transmit the backscattering signal, which is generated based on the OOK modulation.

[0251] Optionally, the processing module 1301 is configured to determine the amplitude of the on symbol according to the duration of the on symbol in the OOK modulation.

[0252] Optionally, the transceiver module 1302 is configured to receive control information, which is used to indicate the amplitude of the on symbol.

[0253] For example, the transceiver module 1302 can be an antenna module. For another example, the transceiver module 1302 can be an input / output module. Optionally, in each of the above embodiments, the communication apparatus can further include a storage module, which can be configured to store instructions and / or data. The processing module 1301 can read the instructions and / or data in the storage module, so that the communication apparatus implements the above method embodiments.

[0254] In each of the above embodiments, the specific description of each term or name or step can refer to the description in the above method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0255] The specific description of the transceiver module and the processing module in each of the above embodiments is only an example. For the specific functions or steps performed by the transceiver module and the processing module, please refer to the above method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0256] It can be understood that the division of the modules in the above apparatus is only a logical functional division. Each function can correspond to a functional module, or two or more functions can be integrated into one functional module. In actual implementation, all or part of the modules can be integrated into one physical entity, or distributed in different physical entities. In addition, the functional modules can be implemented in the form of hardware, software or a combination of hardware and software.

[0257] In one example, the functional units in any of the above apparatuses can be one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the above methods, for example, one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), or, one or more central processing units (CPUs), one or more microcontroller units (MCUs), one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), or, one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or a combination of at least two of these integrated circuit forms.

[0258] The communication apparatus of the embodiments of the present application is introduced above, and possible product forms of the communication apparatus are introduced below. Any product form with the functions of the communication apparatus described in FIG. 13 falls within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application. The introduction below is only for example, and does not limit the product form of the communication apparatus of the embodiments of the present application.

[0259] In a possible implementation, in the communication apparatus shown in FIG. 13, the processing module 1301 can be one or more processors, and the transceiver module 1302 can be a transceiver, or the transceiver module 1302 can also be a sending module and a receiving module, the sending module can be a transmitter, and the receiving module can be a receiver, and the sending module and the receiving module are integrated in one device, for example, a transceiver. In the embodiments of the present application, the processor and the transceiver can be coupled, and the connection manner of the processor and the transceiver is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. In the process of executing the above method, the process of sending information in the above method can be the process of outputting the above information by the processor. When the above information is output, the processor outputs the above information to the transceiver, so as to be transmitted by the transceiver. The above information can need to be processed further after being output by the processor, and then reaches the transceiver. Similarly, the process of receiving information in the above method can be the process of receiving the input above information by the processor. When the processor receives the input information, the transceiver receives the above information and inputs it to the processor. Further, after the transceiver receives the above information, the above information can need to be processed further, and then input to the processor.

[0260] FIG. 14 is another structural schematic diagram of the communication apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG. 14, the communication apparatus 140 includes one or more processors 1420 and a transceiver 1410.

[0261] The processor 1420 can be configured to perform the functions or steps implemented by the processing module 1301 shown in FIG. 13, and the transceiver 1410 can be configured to perform the functions or steps implemented by the transceiving module 1302 shown in FIG. 13. For specific descriptions of the processor 1420 and the transceiver 1410, reference can be made to the method embodiments shown in FIG. 13 or described above, and will not be described in detail here.

[0262] In the various implementation manners of the communication apparatus shown in FIG. 14, the transceiver can include a receiver configured to perform the functions (or operations) of receiving and a transmitter configured to perform the functions (or operations) of transmitting. The transceiver is configured to communicate with other devices / apparatuses through a transmission medium.

[0263] Optionally, the communication apparatus 140 can further include one or more memories 1430 configured to store program instructions and / or data. The memory 1430 is coupled to the processor 1420. The coupling in the embodiments of the present application is indirect coupling or communication connection between the communication apparatuses, units or modules, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms, and is used for information interaction between the communication apparatuses, units or modules. The processor 1420 can operate in cooperation with the memory 1430. The processor 1420 can execute the program instructions stored in the memory 1430. Optionally, at least one of the one or more memories can be included in the processor.

[0264] The specific connection medium between the transceiver 1410, the processor 1420 and the memory 1430 is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. In FIG. 14, the memory 1430, the processor 1420 and the transceiver 1410 are connected through a bus 1440, which is represented by a thick line in FIG. 14, and the connection mode between other components is only schematically illustrated and is not limited. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For convenience of representation, only one thick line is used in FIG. 14, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or only one type of bus.

[0265] In the embodiments of the present application, the processor can be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, a discrete hardware component, etc., which can implement or execute the disclosed methods, steps and logic block diagrams in the embodiments of the present application. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc. The steps of the method disclosed in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application can be directly embodied as execution completed by a hardware processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor, etc.

[0266] The memory in the embodiments of the present application can include, but is not limited to, a non-volatile memory such as a hard disk drive (HDD) or a solid-state drive (SSD), a random access memory (RAM), an erasable programmable ROM (EPROM), a read-only memory (ROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), and the like. The memory is any storage medium that can be used to carry or store program codes in the form of instructions or data structures and can be read and / or written by a computer (such as the communication apparatus shown in the embodiments of the present application and the like). The memory in the embodiments of the present application can also be a circuit or any other device capable of realizing a storage function, used for storing program instructions and / or data.

[0267] The communication apparatus shown in the embodiments of the present application can also have more components than those shown in FIG. 14, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application. The methods performed by the processor and the transceiver shown above are only examples, and the steps specifically performed by the processor and the transceiver can refer to the methods introduced above. The dashed part in FIG. 14 represents an option.

[0268] In another possible implementation, in the communication apparatus shown in FIG. 13, the processing module 1301 can be one or more logic circuits, and the transceiving module 1302 can be an input / output interface, also referred to as a communication interface, or an interface circuit, or an interface, and the like. Alternatively, the transceiving module 1302 can also be a sending module and a receiving module, the sending module can be an output interface, and the receiving module can be an input interface, and the sending module and the receiving module are integrated into one module, for example, an input / output interface.

[0269] FIG. 15 is another structure schematic diagram of a communication apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG. 15, the communication apparatus shown in FIG. 15 includes a logic circuit 1501 and an interface 1502. That is, the above-mentioned processing module 1301 can be realized by the logic circuit 1501, and the transceiving module 1302 can be realized by the interface 1502. The logic circuit 1501 can be a chip, a processing circuit, an integrated circuit, or a system on chip (SoC) chip, and the interface 1502 can be a communication interface, an input / output interface, a pin, and the like. For example, FIG. 15 is shown by taking the above-mentioned communication apparatus as a chip, which includes the logic circuit 1501 and the interface 1502.

[0270] In the embodiments of the present application, the logic circuit and the interface can also be coupled to each other. The present application does not limit the specific connection mode of the logic circuit and the interface. For example, the logic circuit 1501 can be used to execute the functions or steps implemented by the processing module 1301 shown in FIG. 13, and the interface 1502 can be used to execute the functions or steps implemented by the transceiver module 1302 shown in FIG. 13. The specific description of the logic circuit 1501 and the interface 1502 can refer to the method embodiments shown in FIG. 13 or the above description, and will not be described in detail here.

[0271] The communication device shown in the embodiments of the present application can implement the method provided by the embodiments of the present application in the form of hardware, or implement the method provided by the embodiments of the present application in the form of software, etc. The embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0272] The present application also provides a computer program for implementing the operations and / or processes performed by the stations in the method provided by the present application.

[0273] The present application also provides a computer readable storage medium having computer code stored therein, which, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform the operations and / or processes performed by the stations in the method provided by the present application.

[0274] The present application also provides a computer program product including computer code or a computer program, which, when executed on a computer, causes the operations and / or processes performed by the stations in the method provided by the present application to be performed.

[0275] In several embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, station and method can be implemented in other ways. For example, the station embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the modules is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, another division mode can be used, for example, a plurality of modules or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between the displayed or discussed stations or modules can be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, stations or modules, or can be electrical, mechanical or other form of connection.

[0276] The modules described as separate components can or can not be physically separated, and the components shown as modules can or can not be physical modules, i.e. they can be located in one place or distributed on a plurality of network modules. According to actual needs, some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the technical effects of the scheme provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0277] In addition, each function module in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated in one processing module, or each module can exist physically independently, or two or more modules can be integrated in one module. The integrated module can be realized in the form of hardware or in the form of a software function module.

[0278] When the integrated module is realized in the form of a software function module and sold or used as an independent product, the module can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solutions of the present application essentially or in other words the part of the prior art that contributes to the present application, or the whole or part of the technical solutions can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a readable storage medium and includes a plurality of instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned readable storage medium includes a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and various media that can store program codes.

Claims

1. A communication method characterized by comprising: The method comprises: determining a transmission bandwidth according to a topology structure; sending a signal according to the transmission bandwidth; alternatively, receiving control information, the control information being used to instruct an excitation source to send a signal, a transmission bandwidth of the signal being determined according to a topology structure; sending the signal according to the transmission bandwidth.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The topology structure comprises single-station backscattering or double-station backscattering.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, In the single-station backscattering topology structure, the excitation source and an ambient energy access point AMP AP are physically integrated. In the double-station backscattering topology structure, the excitation source and the AMP AP are physically separated.

4. The method of any one of claims 1-3, wherein: when the topology structure comprises a first topology structure and a modulation mode of the signal comprises orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM modulation, the transmission bandwidth is less than or equal to 20 MHz; or when the topology structure comprises the first topology structure and the modulation mode of the signal comprises direct sequence spread spectrum DSSS modulation, the transmission bandwidth is less than or equal to 22 MHz.

5. The method of any one of claims 1-3, wherein: when the topology structure comprises a second topology structure and the modulation mode of the signal comprises OFDM modulation, the transmission bandwidth is 20 MHz; or when the topology structure comprises the second topology structure and the modulation mode of the signal comprises DSSS modulation, the transmission bandwidth is 22 MHz.

6. A communication method characterized by comprising: The method comprises: determining a transmission bandwidth according to a duration of an on symbol in on-off keying OOK modulation; sending a signal according to the transmission bandwidth; alternatively, receiving control information, the control information being used to instruct an excitation source to send a signal, a transmission bandwidth of the signal being determined according to a duration of an on symbol in OOK modulation; sending the signal according to the transmission bandwidth.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein: the duration of the on symbol comprises a first duration or a second duration, and the transmission bandwidth comprises a first bandwidth corresponding to the first duration or a second bandwidth corresponding to the second duration; the first duration is less than the second duration, and the first bandwidth is less than the second bandwidth.

8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The signal is an excitation signal, and a backscattering signal based on the excitation signal is generated based on the OOK modulation.

9. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The signal is generated based on the OOK modulation and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM modulation, and the determination of the transmission bandwidth according to the duration of the on symbol in OOK modulation comprises: determining a subcarrier number corresponding to the OFDM modulation according to the duration of the on symbol, the subcarrier number corresponding to the transmission bandwidth.

10. The method of claim 6 or 7, wherein, The signal is generated based on the OOK modulation and direct sequence spread spectrum DSSS modulation, and the determination of the transmission bandwidth according to the duration of the on symbol in OOK modulation comprises: determining a chip rate corresponding to the DSSS modulation according to the duration of the on symbol, the chip rate corresponding to the transmission bandwidth.

11. A communication method characterized by comprising: The method comprises: determining a transmission bandwidth according to a duration of an on symbol in on-off keying OOK modulation; sending a signal according to the transmission bandwidth; transmitting the signal according to the transmission power; or, receiving control information, the control information being used for indicating a transmission power of a signal transmitted by an excitation source, the transmission power being determined according to a duration of an on symbol in OOK modulation; transmitting the signal according to the transmission power.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein, the duration comprises a first duration or a second duration, and the transmission power comprises a first power corresponding to the first duration or a second power corresponding to the second duration; the first duration is less than the second duration, and the first power is less than the second power.

13. The method of claim 11 or 12, wherein, the signal is an excitation signal, and a backscatter signal based on the excitation signal is generated based on the OOK modulation, or the signal is generated based on the OOK modulation.

14. A communication method, comprising: The method comprises: determining an amplitude of an on symbol in OOK modulation according to a duration of the on symbol; transmitting a backscatter signal according to the amplitude of the on symbol, the backscatter signal being generated based on the OOK modulation; or, receiving control information, the control information being used for indicating an amplitude of an on symbol in OOK modulation; transmitting a backscatter signal according to the amplitude of the on symbol, the backscatter signal being generated based on the OOK modulation.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein, the duration comprises a first duration or a second duration, and the amplitude comprises a first amplitude corresponding to the first duration or a second amplitude corresponding to the second duration; the first duration is less than the second duration, and the first amplitude is less than the second amplitude.

16. A communications device, characterized by A module for performing the method of any one of claims 1-15.

17. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, A computer readable storage medium for storing a computer program, the computer program being executed by a computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1-15.

18. A computer program product, characterised in that, A computer program product being executed by a computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1-15.

19. A communication system, characterized by The communication system comprises an ambient energy access point (AMP AP) and an ambient energy station (AMP STA), the AMP AP being configured to perform the method of any one of claims 1-13, and the AMP STA being configured to perform the method of claim 14 or 15.

20. A communication system, characterized by The communication system comprises an excitation source and an ambient energy station (AMP STA), the excitation source being configured to perform the method of any one of claims 1-13, and the AMP STA being configured to perform the method of claim 14 or 15.

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