Apparatus and method for UV conversion of 5,7-dehydrosterol compositions into photoproducts for topical or oral use

Abstract

The invention provides an apparatus and method for producing a topical or orally ingestible product from a composition comprising a 5,7-dehydrosterol. The apparatus includes a housing with an operative zone configured to receive and enclose the composition, and an ultraviolet (UV) light arrangement operable to irradiate the composition with one or more UV wavelengths, thereby inducing photochemical conversion into products such as previtamin D, lumisterol, tachysterol, or analogues thereof.

Description

INT1614 / MAJR / HB1Apparatus and Method for LIV Conversion of 5,7-Dehydrosterol Compositions intoPhotoproducts for Topical or Oral UseBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0001] The invention relates to the field of skincare products and vitamin supplements. More particularly, the invention relates to an apparatus that activates sterols such as 7- dehydrocholesterol or ergosterol with ultraviolet (UV) light to facilitate the administration of previtamin D, lumisterol and tachysterol to humans.

[0002] Vitamin D is a secosteroid with many critical functions in the human body. The normal human diet delivers very little vitamin D. Even with increased supplementation, exposure to direct sunlight is by far the primary route through which vitamin D is synthesised in the human body.

[0003] Exposure to UV light is associated with risks and also results in darker skin tone. A large proportion of the human population is limiting exposure. It is estimated that more than 1 billion people suffer from vitamin D deficiency, and more than 50% of the world’s population have insufficient vitamin D levels.

[0004] Vitamin D3 is produced in the skin from the precursor, 7-dehydrocholesterol (7DHC). When exposed to UV irradiation, the B ring breaks to form previtamin D. Previtamin D isomerizes to vitamin D3, lumisterol and tachysterol.

[0005] In recent years, the biological activity of lumisterol and tachysterol has become apparent. The metabolites of these photoproducts are now recognised to be as active as calcitriol (the active metabolite of vitamin D3).INT1614 / MAJR / HB2

[0006] Oral supplementation with vitamin D is effective at increasing 25-OH D3 levels in blood serum but ignores the metabolites of lumisterol and tachysterol and hence has limited physiological action. Oral supplementation with synthetic vitamin D also carries risk of hypercalcaemia and increased cardiovascular plaque buildup. Toxicity studies with lumisterol and tachysterol show no such risks.

[0007] Application of topical products containing vitamin D3 to skin can effectively raise systemic 25-OH D3 levels, but these products supplement only vitamin D3 and have the same risks as oral supplements.

[0008] Given the risks associated with UV light exposure and the limitations of synthetic vitamin D supplementation, there is a critical need for a solution that facilitates the natural supplementation of vitamin D, tachysterol and lumisterol, in appropriate proportions.

[0009] It is an object of this invention to provide such a solution in the form of an apparatus for irradiating a composition to produce a topical or orally-ingestible product that contains previtamin D, tachysterol and lumisterol.

[0010] The preceding discussion of the background is intended only to facilitate an understanding of the present disclosure. It should be appreciated that the discussion is not an acknowledgment or admission that any of the material referred to was part of the common general knowledge in the art as at the priority date of the application.SUMMARY OF INVENTION

[0011] The invention provides an apparatus for producing a topical or orally ingestible product from a composition comprising a 5,7-dehydrosterol, the apparatus including a housing, an operative zone which is configured to receive the composition and which isINT1614 / MAJR / HB3 selectively enclosed within the housing, and an ultraviolet light arrangement operable to irradiate the composition within the operative zone with at least one ultraviolet wavelength, thereby to induce photochemical conversion of the 5,7-dehydrosterol into one or more products selected from previtamin D, lumisterol, tachysterol, or analogues thereof.

[0012] The 5,7-dehydrosterol may be selected from 7-dehydrocholesterol, ergosterol, 7- dehydrositosterol, and 22,23-dihydroergosterol, or combinations thereof.

[0013] The ultraviolet light arrangement may be operable to irradiate the composition at the operative zone, sequentially or simultaneously, with at least two ultraviolet wavelengths each of which is effective to induce photochemical conversion of the 5,7-dehydrosterol into one or more products selected from previtamin D, lumisterol, tachysterol, or analogues thereof.

[0014] The ultraviolet wavelength may be selected from a first wavelength in the UVB range between 280 nm and 315 nm, preferably about 297 nm; a second wavelength in the UVA range between 315 nm and 360 nm, preferably about 325 nm; and / or a third wavelength in the UVC range between 220 nm and 280 nm, preferably about 254 nm.

[0015] The apparatus may include a processor operatively connected to the ultraviolet light arrangement and a power source, which may be located inside the housing or external to the housing. The apparatus may include a timer to regulate operation. The timer may also be operatively coupled to the processor.

[0016] The processor may regulate irradiation parameters, including wavelength or frequency, radiation exposure duration, and emission intensity. The processor may be connected to a user interface operable by a user to select predefined or custom irradiation profiles of the ultraviolet light optimised for specific output compositions, such as one forINT1614 / MAJR / HB4 maximising previtamin D content or mimicking the photoproduct distribution from natural sunlight exposure.

[0017] The ultraviolet light arrangement may comprise a plurality of light-emitting diodes (LEDs), each configured to emit ultraviolet radiation at a wavelength independently selected from the others. The LEDs may emit identical or distinct wavelengths either simultaneously or sequentially depending on the desired photochemical conversion of the 5,7- dehydrosterol.

[0018] In an alternative embodiment, the ultraviolet light arrangement may comprise a single LED optically coupled to a variable filter, such as a diffraction grating, configured to permit emission of two or more different ultraviolet wavelengths from a single light source.

[0019] In each instance, the LEDs may comprise a gallium nitride LED.

[0020] Each sequential or simultaneous emission may involve variable parameters, controlled by the processor, selected from wavelength, order of emission, duration, and intensity of each emission in order to produce a predetermined proportion of the desired photoproducts.

[0021] To ensure user safety, the apparatus further comprises a safety mechanism which inhibits operation of the ultraviolet light arrangement when the operative zone is not enclosed in the volume. The safety mechanism may include a magnetic switch, such as a Hall effect sensor or a reed switch, or a mechanical alternative, such as a button switch.

[0022] The processor may include or be in communication with a control mechanism operable via a remote computing device such as a mobile application. The control mechanism may enable activation and adjustment of the parameters of the apparatusINT1614 / MAJR / HB5 through wireless communication, including Bluetooth or Wi-Fi protocols. The mobile application may also monitor apparatus performance, track usage history, and allow users to program or select irradiation routines remotely.

[0023] The housing of the apparatus may include a first component and a second component. The first component may include the operative zone which includes a composition receiving depression in a surface of the first component. The second component is engageable with the first component thereby to enclose the operative zone in a volume inside the housing. The composition receiving depression and the ultraviolet light arrangement may be located on the same component or on opposing (separate) components.

[0024] The first component may be engageable with the second component through an engagement structure that allows movement between an open configuration in which the operative zone is not enclosed and is accessible and a closed configuration in which the operative zone is enclosed and is inaccessible. This movement may be facilitated via a pivot or a sliding mechanism. The engagement structure may include magnetic elements, arranged along a periphery of one of both components, engageable with corresponding magnetic materials or magnets to maintain the closed configuration.

[0025] The apparatus may include one or more sensors operable to detect parameters such as battery level (when a battery is inside the power source), light intensity, or presence and quantity of the composition within the operative zone. These sensors may be linked to visual indicators, such as LEDs that display charge status (e.g., red for low battery, green for full charge) and / or to the mobile application for digital feedback.INT1614 / MAJR / HB6

[0026] The composition may comprise a 5,7-dehydrosterol dissolved in a solvent selected to ensure compatibility with the intended use (topical or oral) and optimised for ultraviolet light transmission. Suitable solvents may include a fatty acid ester like isoamyl laurate, isopropyl palmitate, isopropyl myristate, or octyl dodecanol, or and alcohol like ethanol, or propanol or and alkyl benzoate like C12 - C15 alkyl benzoate, or combinations thereof, more preferably the solvent is isoamyl laurate. The solvent is selected for low ultraviolet absorption at the emitted wavelength(s). The concentration of 5,7-dehydrosterol dissolved in the solvent may be between 0.1 % and 2% by weight of the composition although this may vary based on the desired product yield and photoproduct distribution. Preferably the concentration is 0.5% to 1 .5% by weight of the composition.

[0027] Irradiation durations may range from 30 to 2700 seconds depending on factors such as the selected wavelength, desired photoproduct ratio, and intensity of ultraviolet light. The solution depth should be less than 10 mm to allow for effective ultraviolet penetration. A typical duration which is user acceptable may be in the range of 90 seconds.

[0028] The processor may control the order, duration, and intensity of the ultraviolet emissions to produce compositions with target ratios of photoproducts. Repeated or cyclic irradiation may be used to achieve specific levels of photostability or to replicate natural synthesis pathways.

[0029] The power source of the apparatus may be a battery, a rechargeable battery, mains connection, or an external source e.g. via a USB port.

[0030] The apparatus may include a delivery system configured to transfer the compositions into and out of the operative zone. The delivery system may include an inlet connected via a reservoir containing the composition and an outlet leading to a separateINT1614 / MAJR / HB7 reservoir for the photoproducts. The system may include at least one pump, or pressurizing device.

[0031] In a further embodiment, the apparatus may be automated to periodically introduce fresh composition and remove the photoproducts at preset intervals, thereby allowing unattended, scheduled operation and consistent production of the irradiated product.

[0032] The invention also extends to a method of producing a topical or orally ingestible product, the method comprising: a) providing a composition comprising a 5,7-dehydrosterol; b) placing the composition in the operative zone of an apparatus as described herein; c) enclosing the operative zone within the housing of the apparatus; and d) irradiating the composition within the operative zone using the ultraviolet light arrangement of the apparatus at least at one ultraviolet wavelength, thereby inducing photochemical conversion of the 5,7-dehydrosterol into one or more photoproducts selected from previtamin D, lumisterol, tachysterol, and analogues thereof.

[0033] The invention further provides a method of producing a topical or orally ingestible product, the method comprising: a) providing a composition comprising a 5,7-dehydrosterol;INT1614 / MAJR / HB8 b) exposing the composition to ultraviolet radiation within an operative zone that is selectively enclosed within a housing; c) irradiating the composition at least at one ultraviolet wavelength selected from the group consisting of: a wavelength in the UVB range between 280 nm and 315 nm, a wavelength in the UVA range between 315 nm and 360 nm, and a wavelength in the UVC range between 220 nm and 280 nm; thereby inducing photochemical conversion of the 5,7-dehydrosterol into one or more photoproducts selected from the group consisting of previtamin D, lumisterol, tachysterol, and analogues thereof; and d) collecting the photoproducts for use in the topical or orally ingestible product.

[0034] If two or more wavelengths are selected, the irradiation of the composition may be sequential or simultaneous.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] The invention is further described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings wherein:Figure 1 is a schematic diagram, partially cross-sectioned, illustrating an apparatus according to the invention.Figure 2 is a flow diagram illustrating control and operational components of an apparatus according to the invention,INT1614 / MAJR / HB9Figure 3 is three-dimensional perspective view of an example embodiment of an apparatus according to the invention;Figure 4 is an exploded perspective view of the apparatus of Figure 3;Figure 5 is a three-dimensional perspective view of the apparatus of Figure 3 with a top cover of a first housing component removed;Figure 6 is a three-dimensional perspective view of an irradiation structure and base of a first housing component of the apparatus of Figure 3;Figure 7 is a bottom view of the base of the first housing component of the apparatus of Figure 3;Figure 8 is a section side view of the base of the first housing component of the apparatus of Figure 3;Figure 9 is a sectional front view of the apparatus of Figure 3 illustrating irradiation of a composition at an irradiation or operative zone;Figure 10 is a sectional side view of the apparatus of Figure 3 illustrating irradiation of a composition at an irradiation zone; andFigure 11 is an exemplary flow diagram illustrating a method for irradiating a composition according to the invention.DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0036] The present invention will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown.

[0037] The invention as described should not to be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and modifications and other embodiments are intended to be included within theINT1614 / MAJR / HB10 scope of the invention. Although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.

[0038] As used throughout this specification and in the claims which follow, the singular forms “a”, “an” and “the” include the plural form, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0039] The terminology and phraseology used herein are for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting. The use of the terms “comprising”, “containing”, “having” and “including” and variations thereof used herein, are meant to encompass the items listed thereafter and equivalents thereof as well as additional items.

[0040] Figure 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of an apparatus 10 for producing a topical or orally ingestible product from a composition 12 comprising a 5,7-dehydrosterol according to the invention. As used herein, the term 5,7-dehydrosterol refers generally to the following chemical structure, including structural analogues thereof:INT1614 / MAJR / HB11

[0041] The 5,7-dehydrosterol 12 is selected from 7-dehydrocholesterol, ergosterol, 7- dehydrositosterol, 22,23-dihydroergostero, or any combination thereof.

[0042] Referring to Figure 1 , the apparatus 10 comprises a housing 14 that defines an operative or irradiation zone 16. The operative zone 16 is configured to receive a composition 12 containing a 5,7-dehydrosterol, which undergoes photochemical conversion upon exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light. The operative zone 16 is located within the housing 14 and is selectively enclosed to ensure effective containment of UV radiation and to allow irradiation of the composition, during the use of the apparatus 10.

[0043] To facilitate enclosure of the operative zone 16, the housing 14 includes a first component 20 and a second component 22. The first component 20 incorporates the operative zone 16, which is in the form of a depression 24 formed in its surface and shaped to receive and retain the composition 12 during use. The second component 22 is engageable with the first component 20 to form a closed volume that encloses the operative zone 16.

[0044] An engagement structure 26 is provided to releasably secure the first and second components (20, 22), allowing movement between an open configuration (for loading or unloading the composition) and a closed configuration (for irradiation). The movement may be facilitated by a hinge or sliding mechanism, depending on the design. In some embodiments, magnetic elements are incorporated along the periphery of one or both components. These magnets or magnetic materials enable secure closure and easy separation when access is needed.

[0045] An ultraviolet (UV) light arrangement 18 is positioned within the housing 14 such that it can irradiate the composition 12 located in the operative zone 16. In the embodimentINT1614 / MAJR / HB12 illustrated in Figure 1 , the UV light arrangement 18 is located on the second component 22, opposite the operative zone 16 on the first component 20. However, alternative configurations are also contemplated. For example, both the UV light arrangement 18 and the operative zone 16 may be located on the same housing component, or the UV light arrangement may be positioned to come into contact with, or even be immersed in, the composition 12 for direct irradiation.

[0046] The ultraviolet light arrangement 18 is operable to emit radiation at one or more UV wavelengths that induce photochemical conversion of the 5,7-dehydrosterol into desired products such as previtamin D, lumisterol, tachysterol, or their analogues. Irradiation occurs either sequentially or simultaneously at multiple wavelengths, depending on the intended conversion outcome.

[0047] In one embodiment, the UV light arrangement 18 comprises a plurality of lightemitting diodes (LEDs) 18A, each capable of emitting UV radiation at a specific wavelength. These LEDs are independently controlled, allowing for tailored irradiation sequences. In another embodiment, a single LED is used in combination with a wavelength selection mechanism, such as a variable diffraction grating or optical filter. This allows for the modulation of emitted wavelengths to target specific photochemical reactions.

[0048] The UV wavelengths used in the apparatus are selected based on their known efficacy for inducing the desired conversion. Suitable wavelengths include UVB radiation between 280 nm and 315 nm, with approximately 297 nm being preferred for efficient conversion to previtamin D. Additional wavelengths may include UVA (315-360 nm, preferably around 325 nm) and UVC (220-280 nm, preferably around 254 nm), depending on the desired photochemical outcome and the specific sterol composition being treated.INT1614 / MAJR / HB13

[0049] Figure 2 is a schematic flow diagram illustrating the control and operational components of the apparatus 10. The apparatus is configured to precisely manage the irradiation of a composition containing a 5,7-dehydrosterol to achieve specific photochemical conversions.

[0050] The apparatus 10 includes a processor 28 configured to control the ultraviolet light arrangement 18. The processor regulates operational parameters 30, including the irradiation wavelength, intensity, duration, and emission sequence. These parameters 30 can be selected automatically from predefined protocols stored in a memory 32 or manually input by a user through a user interface (not shown).

[0051] A power source 34 is provided to supply electrical power to the processor 28 and the ultraviolet light arrangement 18. The power source 34 can be internal (such as a battery housed within the housing 14) or external and may support both mains and battery operation.

[0052] Once the operational parameters 30 are selected, the processor 28 sends control signals 36 to the ultraviolet light arrangement 18. The light arrangement then emits ultraviolet radiation 38 directed at a composition 12 held within the operative zone 16 of the housing 14, in accordance with the programmed settings. This allows for controlled and repeatable photochemical conversion processes resulting in specific proportions of photoproducts such as previtamin D, lumisterol, or tachysterol.

[0053] To ensure user safety, particularly in avoiding exposure to ultraviolet radiation 38, the apparatus 10 includes a safety mechanism comprising a closure sensor 40. This sensor 40 is positioned to detect whether the housing 14 is in a closed configuration. In one embodiment, the sensor 40 comprises a magnetic switch or an optical proximity sensor,INT1614 / MAJR / HB14 positioned at or near a seam between the first and second housing components. When the housing is not properly closed, the sensor 40 sends a signal to the processor 28, which inhibits operation of the UV light arrangement 18. This prevents accidental emission of UV light that could pose a hazard to users. The processor 28 may also trigger a visual or audible warning 41 to alert the user that the housing 14 is not properly secured in a closed configuration.

[0054] The apparatus 10 includes an optional delivery mechanism 42 for automatic processing of the composition 12. The composition 12 is delivered to the operative zone 16 from a reservoir 42A containing the composition through an inlet integrated into the housing 14, and, after irradiation, the irradiated composition, now containing photoproducts, is removed through an outlet leading to a collection reservoir. Flow is controlled passively or via a pump system 42B, or a user operated pressure system, and could be synchronized with the processor 28 to initiate or delay irradiation depending on flow timing.

[0055] The operational parameters 30 can be customized depending on the desired product composition. For example, shorter irradiation at around 297 nm with higher intensity may favour production of previtamin D, while longer irradiation at a combination of UVB and UVA or UVC wavelengths can yield higher concentrations of lumisterol or tachysterol. The processor 28 can execute predefined irradiation protocols optimized for different outcomes or allow users to specify parameters 30 manually.

[0056] In a less complex embodiment, the apparatus may function in a mode which is predetermined e.g. in a manner which is fixed during the manufacturing stage.

[0057] In one example, the irradiation of the composition is conducted in a solvent exhibiting minimal absorption at the selected ultraviolet wavelength, such as ethanol or isoamylINT1614 / MAJR / HB15 laurate. The composition may comprise a 0.1 % to 2% solution of 5,7-dehydrosterol in the solvent, by weight of the composition and the composition depth is maintained below 10 mm to ensure optimal UV penetration. Irradiation is performed at room temperature and atmospheric pressure.

[0058] Irradiation at UVC wavelengths between 220 nm and 280 nm, preferably about 254 nm, results predominantly in tachysterol formation, comprising up to 84% of the photoproduct mixture, along with smaller amounts of previtamin D, lumisterol, and residual precursor sterol. This irradiation may be performed using a 15 W LED positioned approximately 25 mm from the solution surface, over a duration between 600 and 2700 seconds.

[0059] Exposure at UVB wavelengths between 280 nm and 315 nm, preferably about 297 nm, favours previtamin D production, which may reach up to 70% of the product mixture, accompanied by tachysterol, lumisterol, and residual sterol. This irradiation can be carried out with a 120 mA LED fitted with a 120° lens placed 25 mm from the solution, for durations ranging from 30 to 600 seconds.

[0060] Subsequent or simultaneous irradiation at UVA wavelengths between 315 nm and 360 nm, preferably about 325 nm, enhances lumisterol content to approximately 80%, with remaining previtamin D, tachysterol, and sterol. The UVA irradiation is performed similarly with a 120 mA LED and 120° lens, at a distance of 25 mm, for 30 to 2700 seconds, depending on desired product distribution. A reasonable radiation time acceptable to a user is about 90 seconds.

[0061] An alternative embodiment involves immersing the UV light arrangement directly within the solvent to reduce reaction time by improving irradiation efficiency and uniformity.INT1614 / MAJR / HB16This configuration requires the UV light arrangement to be suitably sealed and rated for immersion and is especially advantageous for continuous flow processing or scaled-up production.

[0062] Specific embodiments of the apparatus according to the invention are illustrated in Figures 3 to 10. The features and operation of the apparatus 100 are the same as the apparatus 10 as illustrated in Figures 1 and 2. The apparatus 100 comprises a housing formed by a first housing component 103 and a second housing component 105, which are engageable with one another. The first component 103 includes a top cover 107, an irradiation structure 111 , and a base 113, as shown in Figure 4. The top cover 107 includes an activator button aperture or control switch access opening 115 and a USB port opening 119.

[0063] The irradiation structure 111 (Figures 4 to 6) incorporates a control switch 117 linked to a processor for activating and deactivating the apparatus 101 , thereby controlling irradiation, a power source 121 , a USB port 123, and indicator LEDs 125 positioned on a supporting component 127a situated between the supporting component 127 (or 127a) and the top cover 107.

[0064] In some embodiments, the irradiation structure 111 or the supporting component 127 may be a printed circuit (PC) board. Apertures 129 located along a periphery of the supporting component 127 enable attachment to connecting structures 131 , such as standoffs, on the base 113. The control switch 117 manages simultaneous or sequential ultraviolet (UV) irradiation from an ultraviolet light arrangement 133 at variable wavelengths, emission intensities, and durations, which may be selected to produce a desired proportionINT1614 / MAJR / HB17 of photoproducts. The indicator LEDs 125 provide user feedback on apparatus status and battery levels.

[0065] Optionally, the control switch 117 can communicate with a mobile application or remote device via Bluetooth or wireless networking, enabling remote activation and monitoring of the apparatus. This application may display battery status, UV intensity, and user reminders, and alert for product reordering or vitamin D delivery metrics.

[0066] The ultraviolet light arrangement 133 is positioned at the operatively bottom surface 127b of the supporting component 127 and may comprise one to three LEDs - see Figures 9 and 10. Alternatively, the arrangement 133 may utilize a single broad-spectrum LED with a filter, such as a variable diffraction grating, allowing sequential emission of specific UV wavelengths (e.g., UVB ~297 nm, UVA ~325 nm, and optionally UVC ~254 nm).

[0067] The power source 121 typically includes a rechargeable battery charged via the USB port 123, compatible with various USB types (USB-A, USB-B, USB-C, micro-USB, or mini- USB). Alternatively, the power source may be non-rechargeable or directly connected to mains power, maintaining portability and flexibility of the apparatus 100.

[0068] The base 113 incorporates connecting means 131 to secure the irradiation structure 111 via apertures 129. It further includes a safety mechanism comprising a magnetic safety switch 135a (e.g., a Hall effect sensor) and a safety light emitting arrangement 135b to prevent accidental irradiation and to alert users when the apparatus is active. Magnets 137 located in apertures 139 and 141 of the first and second housing components respectively, form an engagement structure that releasably secures the components in an engaged or disengaged condition.INT1614 / MAJR / HB18

[0069] When the first 103 and second 105 components are engaged, the magnets 137 activate the safety switch 135a and safety light 135b, enabling UV emission and alerting the user. Disengagement breaks this magnetic connection, deactivating the switch and UV emission, ensuring user safety.

[0070] The base 113 further includes a UV lens 143 to focus ultraviolet light from the irradiation structure 111 to an operative or irradiation zone 147 located on or within the second housing component 105, where a composition 151 comprising a 5,7-dehydrosterol is placed. The recess 145 in the second component 105 defines this irradiation zone 147 and is shaped, often deeper at the irradiation zone 147, to facilitate flow of the composition 151 which may be in the form of a liquid, cream, serum, etc. toward the UV light arrangement 133 for effective irradiation.

[0071] The engagement between components 103 and 105 occurs via pivotal or sliding movements. In some embodiments, the second component 105 may be a tray slidably received within the first component 103, allowing the starting composition to be loaded and irradiated conveniently.

[0072] Upon activation, sequential or simultaneous UV irradiation converts precursor sterols (e.g., 7-dehydrocholesterol or ergosterol) within the composition to photoproducts such as previtamin D, lumisterol, or tachysterol, yielding an end-use composition suitable for topical or oral application.

[0073] An example of a method 200 for irradiating a composition comprising 5,7- dehydrosterol using the apparatus (e.g., as shown in Figures 1 to 10) is illustrated in Figure11.INT1614 / MAJR / HB19

[0074] In a first step, the user provides an apparatus 202 of the kind described herein configured to irradiate a composition within a defined irradiation or operative zone. The apparatus 202 comprises a housing with engageable housing components, an operative zone within the housing and a UV light arrangement.

[0075] An amount of a composition 204 comprising 5,7-dehydrosterol is applied into a recess or depression of the operative zone of the housing. The operative zone is located opposite the ultraviolet light arrangement. The composition may flow into the operative zone due to gravity or recess shaping, optionally facilitated by a stepped or sloped design.

[0076] First and second housing components of the housing are moved into an engaged condition 206, e.g., via pivotal or sliding movement, such that engagement (e.g., by magnets) releasably secures the housing and aligns the ultraviolet light arrangement with the operative zone.

[0077] A user may optionally select a desired end-use product 208 such as a topical or orally ingestible composition, which defines the target proportion of photoproducts selected from previtamin D, lumisterol and tachysterol or analogues thereof. This selection determines variable irradiation parameters, including wavelength, intensity, sequence, and duration of UV emission.

[0078] Upon full engagement of the housing components, a safety mechanism is activated 220. For example, a magnetic switch such as a Hall effect sensor, detects the engaged condition and permits the operation of the ultraviolet light arrangement. A safety light 222 may also be activated to indicate to the user that the apparatus is active or that irradiation is occurring or imminent.INT1614 / MAJR / HB20

[0079] Irradiation may be initiated either automatically following engagement and safety switch activation, or manually by the user pressing a control switch 218. In either case, activation starts a timer and commences simultaneous or sequential UV irradiation 210 according to the selected or preprogrammed parameters.

[0080] During irradiation 210, the precursor sterol (e.g., 7-dehydrocholesterol or ergosterol) in the composition is photochemically converted 212 to one or more photoproducts, such as previtamin D, lumisterol, or tachysterol. A timer operated by a processor deactivates 214 the UV light source upon completion of the irradiation cycle. A user alert may be triggered to signal completion.

[0081] After irradiation, the user removes the irradiated composition 216. The end-use composition may be applied topically or ingested orally. In the case of previtamin D, conversion to active vitamin D may occur through natural body heat.

[0082] Following product removal, the housing components may be disengaged 224 either fully or partially. Disengagement deactivates the safety switch 226 and disables the UV light arrangement and safety indicator lights, rendering the apparatus safe 228 and preventing accidental exposure to UV radiation.

[0083] The method described provides several advantages. The apparatus enables photochemical conversion of the composition without exposing users to direct ultraviolet radiation. The safety mechanism ensures that irradiation occurs only in a closed and secured configuration, thereby preventing accidental UV exposure. The method also allows for production of customised topical or orally-ingestible compositions containing selected proportions of biologically active photoproducts. Furthermore, the portability of the apparatus allows for point-of-use irradiation, such as immediately prior to topical applicationINT1614 / MAJR / HB21 or ingestion, which is particularly advantageous where certain photoproducts may be unstable at room temperature.

[0084] Application of the irradiated topical composition which comprises one or more photoproducts such as previtamin D, lumisterol, and tachysterol, to the surface of a user's skin, or ingestion of an irradiated oral composition comprising the photoproducts may result in elevated systemic levels of vitamin D. The apparatus configured to prepare or deliver such compositions may thereby reduce the need for prolonged ultraviolet (UV) exposure, whether from natural sunlight or artificial sources, potentially mitigating the associated drawbacks of such exposure, including increased photoaging and photodamage. Additionally, the apparatus may facilitate consistent topical delivery of photoproducts during periods of limited ambient UV availability, such as during winter months at latitudes above approximately 35°.

[0085] It will be understood that the embodiments described above are provided by way of example only, and that numerous modifications and variations are possible without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. The features disclosed herein, including those illustrated in the figures, may be arranged or combined in various configurations to suit different applications.

[0086] A person skilled in the art will appreciate that technical features described in connection with a specific embodiment may be applied, where appropriate, to other embodiments, either individually or in combination, unless explicitly stated otherwise or unless such features are clearly incompatible. Furthermore, individual features of aINT1614 / MAJR / HB22 particular embodiment may be considered in isolation from the other features of that embodiment, unless otherwise indicated.

Claims

1. INT1614 / MAJR 25CLAIMS1. An apparatus for producing a topical or orally ingestible product from a composition comprising a 5,7-dehydrosterol, the apparatus including a housing, an operative zone which is configured to receive the composition and which is selectively enclosable within the housing, and an ultraviolet light arrangement operable to irradiate the composition within the operative zone with at least one ultraviolet wavelength, thereby inducing photochemical conversion of the 5,7-dehydrosterol into one or more photoproducts selected from previtamin D, lumisterol, tachysterol, and analogues thereof.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the 5,7-dehydrosterol is selected from 7- dehydrocholesterol, ergosterol, 7 -dehydrositosterol, 22,23-dihydroergosterol, or any combination thereof.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the ultraviolet light arrangement is operable to irradiate the composition at the operative zone, sequentially or simultaneously, with at least two ultraviolet wavelengths each of which is effective to induce photochemical conversion of the 5,7-dehydrosterol into one or more photoproducts selected from previtamin D, lumisterol, tachysterol, and analogues thereof.

4. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein each ultraviolet wavelength is selected from a first wavelength in the UVB range between 280 nm and 315 nm, preferably about 297 nm; a second wavelength in the UVA between 315 nm and 360 nm, preferably about 325 nm; and / or a third wavelength in the UVC range between 220 nm and 280 nm, preferably about 254 nm.INT1614 / MAJR 265. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4 comprising a processor for controlling operation of the ultraviolet light arrangement and a power source which is located inside the housing or external to the housing.

6. The apparatus according to claim 5 wherein the processor is operatively connected to the ultraviolet light arrangement and configured to regulate at least one of: irradiation wavelength, radiation exposure duration, radiation intensity, or radiation sequence.

7. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6 wherein the ultraviolet light arrangement comprises a plurality of light-emitting diodes (LEDs), each configured to emit ultraviolet radiation at a wavelength independently selectable from the others.

8. The apparatus according to claim 7 wherein the LEDs are operable to emit ultraviolet radiation either simultaneously or sequentially.

9. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8 further comprising a safety mechanism configured to inhibit operation of the ultraviolet light arrangement when the operative zone is not enclosed within the housing.

10. The apparatus according to claim 9 wherein the safety mechanism comprises a sensor or a switch.11 . The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 10 wherein the housing comprises a first component including the operative zone and a second component engageable with the first component to enclose the operative zone.INT1614 / MAJR 2712. The apparatus according to claim 11 wherein the operative zone includes a composition receiving depression in a surface of the first component.

13. The apparatus according to claim 12 wherein the first and second components are movable between an open configuration and a closed configuration and are maintained in the closed configuration by magnetic engagement.

14. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the apparatus includes a delivery system comprising an inlet connected to a reservoir of the composition and an outlet connected to a reservoir for receiving the photoproducts.

15. The apparatus according to claim 14 wherein the delivery system is configured for automated operation to periodically supply fresh composition to the operative zone and remove the photoproducts at preset intervals.

16. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 15 wherein the composition includes a skin-compatible or food-grade solvent wherein the composition comprises between a 0.1 % and 2% solution of 5,7-dehydrosterol in the solvent, by weight of the composition.

17. A method of producing a topical or orally ingestible product, the method comprising:(a) providing a composition comprising a 5,7-dehydrosterol;(b) placing the composition in the operative zone of an apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 16;(c) enclosing the operative zone within the housing of the apparatus; andINT1614 / MAJR 28(d) irradiating the composition within the operative zone using the ultraviolet light arrangement of the apparatus with at least one ultraviolet wavelength, thereby inducing photochemical conversion of the 5,7-dehydrosterol into one or more photoproducts selected from previtamin D, lumisterol, tachysterol, and analogues thereof.

18. A method of producing a topical or orally ingestible product, the method comprising:(a) providing a composition comprising a 5,7-dehydrosterol;(b) exposing the composition to an ultraviolet light arrangement which emits ultraviolet radiation within an operative zone that is enclosed within a housing;(c) irradiating the composition with at least one ultraviolet wavelength selected from the group consisting of: a wavelength in the UVB range between 280 nm and 315 nm, a wavelength in the UVA range between 315 nm and 360 nm, and a wavelength in the UVC range between 220 nm and 280 nm; thereby inducing photochemical conversion of the 5,7-dehydrosterol into one or more photoproducts selected from the group consisting of previtamin D, lumisterol, tachysterol, and analogues thereof; and(d) collecting the photoproducts for use in the topical or orally ingestible product.

19. A method according to claim 18 wherein the 5,7-dehydrosterol is selected from 7- dehydrocholesterol, ergosterol, 7 -dehydrositosterol, 22,23-dihydroergosterol, or any combination thereof.INT1614 / MAJR 2920. The method of claim 18 or 19, further comprising the step of detecting whether the operative zone is enclosed within the housing, and permitting activation of the ultraviolet light arrangement only when the operative zone is confirmed to be enclosed.

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