Communication method, communication apparatus, and storage medium

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide a communication method, a communication apparatus, and a storage medium, which are applied to the technical field of communications, and are used for achieving the design of codebooks having different modulation orders with respect to multiple users. The method in the embodiments of the present application comprises: determining first signaling, the first signaling indicating a modulation order of a first codebook and a modulation order of a second codebook, the first codebook being used by a first device to determine first information, the second codebook being used by a second device to determine second information, and the first signaling being used for instructing the first device to transmit the first information on a first resource, and / or is used for instructing the second device to transmit the second information on the first resource; and sending the first signaling. In the embodiments of the present application, different modulation orders with respect to multiple terminal devices are indicated by means of first signaling, so that a receiver of the first signaling can determine, on the basis of the first signaling, the modulation order of a corresponding codebook, thereby achieving the design of codebooks having different modulation orders with respect to multiple users.

Description

Communication method, communication apparatus and storage medium TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] Embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method, a communication apparatus and a storage medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous evolution of wireless cellular networks, orthogonal multiple access technologies have gradually failed to meet the increasing demand for cellular networks, such as the capacity demand brought by massive access and continuous improvement of spectrum efficiency. At the same time, the research and application of non-orthogonal multiple access technologies are gradually attracting more and more attention from the industry and academia. People hope that future wireless cellular networks can effectively solve the problem of capacity improvement with the help of non-orthogonal multiple access technologies.

[0003] Sparse code multiple access (SCMA) technology and low density signature (LDS) technology are two typical non-orthogonal multiple access and transmission technologies with similar principles. This kind of technology superimposes M data streams from one or more users on N subcarriers for transmission (M and N are both integers not less than 1), and each data of each data stream is spread on N subcarriers by sparse spreading. When the value of M is greater than N, this kind of technology can effectively improve the network capacity, including the number of users that the system can access and the spectrum efficiency.

[0004] In existing SCMA research, the codebook design of multiple users is often based on an assumption that the modulation order of the codebook used by each user in the superimposed multiple users, i.e., the number of constellation points of the constellation used by each user, is the same. However, in actual applications, there are often differences between the channels of multiple users, and it is often difficult to meet this condition in actual systems, thereby causing performance loss.

[0005] SUMMARY

[0006] The present application provides a communication method, a communication apparatus and a storage medium, which are used to implement codebook design of multiple users with different modulation orders, and can improve the performance of link access.

[0007] The first aspect of the present application provides a communication method, which is applied to a first device, for example, the first device can be a network device, or a component or device (for example, a processor, a circuit, a chip, or a chip system, etc.) applied to the network device, or a logic module or software (for example, a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), or a radio unit (RU), etc.) capable of realizing all or part of the functions of the network device. Hereinafter, the network device is taken as an example for description. In the method, the network device determines first signaling, the first signaling being used to indicate the modulation order of a first codebook and the modulation order of a second codebook. The first codebook is used for a first device to determine first information, and the second codebook is used for a second device to determine second information, and the first device and the second device are different terminal devices. The first signaling is used to indicate that the first device transmits the first information on a first resource, and / or is used to indicate that the second device transmits the second information on the first resource. The network device broadcasts or multicasts the first signaling.

[0008] Based on the first aspect of the present application, the network device indicates different modulation orders of a plurality of terminal devices through the first signaling, so that the receiver of the first signaling can determine the modulation order of the corresponding codebook based on the first signaling, thereby realizing the design of the codebook with different modulation orders for multiple users.

[0009] Based on the first aspect of the present application, in some possible implementation manners, the first information is obtained by mapping a user data stream of the first device on a first constellation diagram, and the first constellation diagram is determined according to the modulation order of the first codebook.

[0010] In the implementation manners of the present application, by designing constellation diagrams with different modulation orders and arranging them, the network device can allocate different modulation orders to a plurality of users and determine the codebooks corresponding to the different modulation orders of the plurality of users, thereby realizing the codebook design with different modulation orders for multiple users and improving the performance of the superposition of the constellation diagrams of the users with different modulation orders.

[0011] Based on the first aspect of the present application, in some possible implementation manners,

[0012] The modulation order of the first codebook and the modulation order of the second codebook are determined based on a first criterion, the first criterion being used to indicate that the error rate of a second constellation diagram is minimum, the second constellation diagram being obtained by arranging a third constellation diagram and a fourth constellation diagram, the third constellation diagram being determined according to the modulation order of the first codebook, and the fourth constellation diagram being determined according to the modulation order of the second codebook.

[0013] In the implementation manners of the present application, based on the first criterion, the error rate of the arranged constellation diagram is minimum, thereby improving the performance of the superposition of the constellation diagrams of the users with different modulation orders.

[0014] In some possible implementation manners based on the first aspect of the present application, the first signaling is determined based on a first matrix, the first matrix includes M rows and N columns, the M rows of the first matrix are used to indicate the M time-frequency resources, the N columns of the first matrix are used to indicate the N terminal devices, a non-zero element in the first matrix is used to indicate a modulation order of a codebook, a first non-zero element in the first matrix is used to indicate a modulation order of a first codebook, a second non-zero element in the first matrix is used to indicate a modulation order of a second codebook, and M and N are positive integers.

[0015] In the embodiment, the non-zero elements in the first matrix are designed to indicate different modulation orders of the multiple users, so that the network device can allocate different modulation orders to the multiple users and determine the codebooks corresponding to the different modulation orders of the multiple users, thereby achieving the codebook design for different modulation orders of multiple users.

[0016] In some possible implementation manners based on the first aspect of the present application, the first matrix is determined based on a second criterion, and the second criterion is used to indicate that the received power on each time-frequency resource in the M time-frequency resources is equal.

[0017] In the embodiment of the present application, because the codebook allocated to each user meets the minimum multi-user interference on each carrier as much as possible, the performance of link access is improved.

[0018] The second aspect of the present application provides a communication method, which is applied to a second device. For example, the second device can be a terminal device, or a component or device (for example, a processor, a circuit, a chip, or a chip system) applied to a terminal device, or a logic module or software capable of realizing all or part of the functions of a terminal device. Hereinafter, the terminal device is taken as an example. In the method, the terminal device receives first signaling, the first signaling is used to indicate that a first device and a second device transmit or receive a first signal on a first resource, the first signal includes first information and second information, the first information is determined by the first device according to a first codebook, the second information is determined by the second device according to a second codebook, and the modulation order of the first codebook is different from the modulation order of the second codebook. The terminal device determines the modulation order of the first codebook based on the first signaling.

[0019] Based on the second aspect of the present application, because the first signaling indicates different modulation orders of multiple terminal devices, the terminal device can determine the modulation order of the corresponding first codebook based on the first signaling, thereby achieving the design of the codebook with different modulation orders of multiple users.

[0020] In some possible implementation manners based on the second aspect of the present application, the terminal device can obtain the modulation order of the first codebook from the first signaling.

[0021] In the embodiments of the present application, the terminal device can directly determine the modulation order of the first codebook from the first signaling, and then encode or decode based on the first codebook.

[0022] According to the second aspect of the present application, in some possible embodiments, the first constellation is determined according to the modulation order of the first codebook, and the first information is obtained by mapping the user data stream of the first device on the first constellation.

[0023] In the embodiments of the present application, since the sender of the first signaling can allocate different modulation orders to multiple users and determine the codebooks corresponding to the different modulation orders of the multiple users, the terminal device determines the first constellation based on the first codebook, thereby improving the performance of the superimposed first constellation.

[0024] According to the second aspect of the present application, in some possible embodiments, the first signaling includes a first matrix, the modulation order of the first codebook is determined based on the first matrix, the first matrix includes M rows and N columns, the M rows of the first matrix are used to indicate M time-frequency resources, the N columns of the first matrix are used to indicate N terminal devices, the non-zero elements in the first matrix are used to indicate the modulation orders of the codebooks, the first non-zero element in the first matrix is used to indicate the modulation order of the first codebook, and M and N are positive integers.

[0025] According to the first aspect or the second aspect of the present application, in some possible embodiments, the modulation order of the first codebook is 2, and the first constellation includes four constellation points; wherein the coordinates of the four constellation points are (-0.70710, -0.70710), (-0.70710, 0.70710), (0.70710, -0.70710) and (0.70710, 0.70710); or the coordinates of the four constellation points are (0.70710, 0), (0, 1.22474), (0, -1.22474) and (-0.70710, 0).

[0026] In the embodiments of the present application, by determining the coordinates of the constellation points in the first constellation when the modulation order is 2, the performance of the superimposed constellation is improved.

[0027] In some possible implementation manners based on the first aspect or the second aspect of the present application, the modulation order of the first codebook is 3, and the first constellation diagram includes 8 constellation points; wherein the coordinates of the 8 constellation points are (0, 1.12090), (-0.64051, 0.48038), (0.64051, 0.48038), (0, -0.16013), (1.28103, -0.16013), (-1.28103, -0.16013), (0.64051, -0.80064) and (0.64051, 0.80064); or the coordinates of the 8 constellation points are (-0.94868, 0.94868), (-0.31623, 0.31623), (0.31623, 0.94868), (0.31623, -0.31623), (0.94868, 0.31623), (-0.94868, -0.31623), (0.94868, -0.94868) and (-0.31623, -0.94868); or the coordinates of the 8 constellation points are (0, 0.20834), (-0.48172, 1.04269), (0.96344, 0.20834), (0.48172, 1.04269), (-0.48172, -0.62600), (0.96344, 0.20834), (0.48172, 0.62600) and (0, -1.45841).

[0028] In the implementation manners of the present application, the coordinates of the constellation points in the first constellation diagram are determined when the modulation order is 3, thereby improving the performance after superposition of the constellation diagrams.

[0029] In some possible implementation manners based on the first aspect or the second aspect of the present application, the modulation order of the first codebook is 4, and the first constellation diagram includes 16 constellation points; wherein the coordinates of the 16 constellation points are (0.94868, 0.94868), (0.94868, 0.31623), (0.94868, -0.94868), (0.94868, -0.31623), (0.31623, 0.94868), (0.31623, 0.31623), (0.31623, -0.94868), (0.31623, -0.31623), (-0.94868, 0.94868), (-0.94868, 0.31623), (-0.94868, -0.94868), (-0.94868, -0.31623), (-0.31623, 0.94868), (-0.31623, 0.31623), (-0.31623, -0.94868), and (-0.31623, -0.31623); or the coordinates of the 16 constellation points are (0, 1.18294), (0.58553, -1.18330), (-0.58553, 0.84540), (-1.17107, 0.50699), (0.58553, 0.84540), (-1.17107, -0.16895), (0, 0.50699), (-0.58553, 0.16885), (-0.58553, -1.18382), (0, -0.84490), (1.17107, -0.16895), (0.58553, -0.50676), (1.17107, 0.50699), (-0.58553, -0.50676), (0.58553, 0.16885), and (0, -0.16895).

[0030] In the embodiments of the present application, the coordinates of the constellation points in the first constellation diagram are determined when the modulation order is 4, thereby improving the performance after superposition of the constellation diagrams.

[0031] The third aspect of the present application provides a communication apparatus having functions of implementing the behaviors in the method embodiments of the first aspect. The communication apparatus can be a communication device (a network device or a terminal device), a component (for example, a processor, a circuit, a chip, or a chip system) of the communication device, or a logic module or software capable of implementing the functions of the communication device. For example, the communication apparatus is a node for transmitting a sensing signal. The functions of the communication apparatus can be implemented by hardware or by execution of corresponding software by hardware. The hardware or software includes one or more modules or units corresponding to the above functions. In one possible implementation manner, the communication apparatus includes:

[0032] The processing module is configured to determine first signaling, the first signaling indicating modulation orders of a first codebook and a second codebook, the first codebook being used by the first device to determine the first information, the second codebook being used by the second device to determine the second information, the first signaling being used to indicate that the first device transmits the first information on the first resource and / or being used to indicate that the second device transmits the second information on the first resource.

[0033] The interface module is configured to send the first signaling.

[0034] The fourth aspect of the present application provides a communication apparatus having functions of implementing the behaviors in the method embodiments of the second aspect. The communication apparatus can be a communication device (a network device or a terminal device), a component (for example, a processor, a circuit, a chip, or a chip system) of the communication device, or a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the communication device. For example, the communication apparatus is a node for transmitting a sensing signal. The functions of the communication apparatus can be implemented by hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more modules or units corresponding to the functions. In one possible implementation, the communication apparatus includes:

[0035] The interface module is configured to receive the first signaling, the first signaling being used to indicate that the first device and the second device transmit or receive a first signal on the first resource, the first signal including the first information and the second information, the first information being determined by the first device according to the first codebook, the second information being determined by the second device according to the second codebook, the modulation order of the first codebook being different from the modulation order of the second codebook.

[0036] The processing module is configured to determine the modulation order of the first codebook based on the first signaling.

[0037] The fifth aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a communication apparatus. The communication apparatus can be the first apparatus or the second apparatus, or a component (for example, a processor, a chip, or a chip system) applied to the first apparatus or the second apparatus, or a logic module or software (for example, a CU, a DU, or a RU) capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the first apparatus or the second apparatus. The communication apparatus includes:

[0038] The processor is configured to execute a program, so that the communication apparatus performs the method in the first aspect or the second aspect and any possible implementation manner thereof.

[0039] Optionally, the communication apparatus further includes a memory, and the processor is coupled to the memory. The memory is configured to store the program.

[0040] The sixth aspect of the present application provides a chip or a chip system, which comprises at least one processor and a communication interface, the communication interface and the at least one processor are interconnected through a line, and the at least one processor is configured to run a computer program or an instruction to perform the communication method described in any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0041] The communication interface in the chip can be an input / output interface, a pin or a circuit, etc.

[0042] In a possible implementation, the chip or the chip system described in the present application further comprises at least one memory, and the at least one memory stores an instruction. The memory can be a storage unit inside the chip, such as a register, a cache, etc., or a storage unit of the chip, such as a read-only memory, a random access memory, etc.

[0043] The seventh aspect of the present application provides a communication system, which comprises a communication device performing the method of the first aspect and any one of its possible implementation manners, and a communication device performing the method of the second aspect and any one of its possible implementation manners.

[0044] The eighth aspect of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium, which comprises an instruction, and when the instruction is run on a computer, the computer is caused to perform the method of the first aspect, or the computer is caused to perform the method of the second aspect.

[0045] The ninth aspect of the present application provides a computer program product comprising an instruction, and when the instruction is run on a computer, the computer is caused to perform the method of the first aspect, or the computer is caused to perform the method of the second aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0046] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the encoding principle of a sending end of an SCMA technology and an LDS technology in an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] FIG. 2 is a network structure diagram in an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an application scenario of the communication method in an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the communication method in an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a constellation diagram generated based on Eisenstein integers in an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a constellation diagram generated based on Gaussian integers in an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] FIG. 7 is a diagram of an embodiment of a constellation diagram of four constellation points generated based on Gaussian integers in the embodiments of the present application;

[0053] FIG. 8 is a diagram of an embodiment of a constellation diagram of four constellation points generated based on Eisenstein integers in the embodiments of the present application;

[0054] FIG. 9 is a diagram of an embodiment of a constellation diagram of eight constellation points generated based on Gaussian integers in the embodiments of the present application;

[0055] FIG. 10 is a diagram of another embodiment of a constellation diagram of eight constellation points generated based on Gaussian integers in the embodiments of the present application;

[0056] FIG. 11 is a diagram of an embodiment of a constellation diagram of eight constellation points generated based on Eisenstein integers in the embodiments of the present application;

[0057] FIG. 12 is a diagram of another embodiment of a constellation diagram of sixteen constellation points generated based on Gaussian integers in the embodiments of the present application;

[0058] FIG. 13 is a diagram of an embodiment of a constellation diagram of sixteen constellation points generated based on Eisenstein integers in the embodiments of the present application;

[0059] FIG. 14 is a diagram of an embodiment of a variable modulation matrix in the embodiments of the present application;

[0060] FIG. 15 is a diagram of an embodiment of a modulation order allocation manner of a variable modulation matrix in the embodiments of the present application;

[0061] FIG. 16 is a diagram of an embodiment of a communication apparatus in the embodiments of the present application;

[0062] FIG. 17 is a diagram of another embodiment of a communication apparatus in the embodiments of the present application;

[0063] FIG. 18 is a diagram of another embodiment of a communication apparatus in the embodiments of the present application;

[0064] FIG. 19 is a diagram of another embodiment of a communication apparatus in the embodiments of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] The embodiments of the present application provide a communication method, a communication apparatus and a storage medium, which are used for implementing codebook design of different modulation orders of multiple users, and can improve the performance of link access.

[0066] The embodiments of the present application are described below with reference to the drawings. It is known to those skilled in the art that, with the development of technology and the appearance of new scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0067] The terms "first", "second", and the like in the description, claims, and drawings of the application are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application described herein are, for example, capable of use in either order. Moreover, the terms "comprise", "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises, has or includes a list of elements is not necessarily limited to those elements, but can include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0068] Firstly, some technical terms involved in the embodiments of the application are introduced.

[0069] 1. Orthogonal multiple access technology:

[0070] Orthogonal multiple access (OMA) is a multiple access technology that uses the orthogonality of resources to distinguish the access methods of different users. In OMA, each user uses an orthogonal channel for communication, which is independent of the channels of other users and does not interfere with each other, thereby allowing concurrent transmission without collision. In OMA, channel resources are divided into multiple orthogonal parts, each of which is allocated to a user. These orthogonal parts can be different frequency bands, such as frequency division multiple access (FDMA), different time windows, such as time division multiple access (TDMA), or different spreading codes, such as code division multiple access (CDMA).

[0071] FDMA is used to divide the communication frequency band into several segments, each of which is allocated to a user, and interference between frequency bands is avoided by setting a guard band.

[0072] TDMA further divides the frequency band into multiple time windows based on FDMA, and each user occupies a specific time window during communication.

[0073] The principle of CDMA is based on spread spectrum technology, that is, the information data with a certain signal bandwidth to be transmitted is modulated by a high-speed pseudo-random code with a bandwidth much larger than the signal bandwidth, so that the bandwidth of the original data signal is expanded, and then modulated and sent out by a carrier. The receiving end uses the same pseudo-random code to correlate with the received wideband signal to convert the wideband signal into the narrowband signal of the original information data, i.e. de-spreading, to achieve information communication.

[0074] 2. Non-orthogonal multiple access technology:

[0075] Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is an advanced wireless communication technology whose core idea is that multiple users can share resources non-orthogonally on the same time-frequency resources, thereby realizing multiple access in the power domain. NOMA allows multiple users to share the same time-frequency resources non-orthogonally in the power domain. This means that the data signals of different users will overlap in the time, frequency, or code domain when being sent, but are distinguished at the receiving end through specific signal processing techniques.

[0076] Sparse code multiple access (SCMA) technology and low density signature (LDS) technology are two typical non-orthogonal multiple access and transmission technologies with similar principles. This type of technology superimposes M (M is an integer not less than 1) data streams from one or more users onto N (N is an integer not less than 1) subcarriers for transmission, where each data of each data stream is spread onto N subcarriers by sparse spreading. When the value of M is greater than N, this type of technology can effectively improve network capacity, including the number of users that the system can access and spectral efficiency, etc.

[0077] FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the encoding principle of the sending end of SCMA technology and LDS technology. There are M = 6 variable nodes and N = 4 function nodes in total, each variable node represents a data stream, and each function node represents a subcarrier or a resource element (RE). For convenience of description, the variable node appearing below is equivalent to the data stream represented by the variable node, and the function node is equivalent to the subcarrier or resource element represented by the function node. The M = 6 variable nodes form an SCMA group or an LDS group, and the N = 4 function nodes form an SCMA encoding block or an LDS encoding block. The connection between the variable node and the function node indicates that the data of the variable node will be sent non-zero symbols after spreading on the function node. As can be seen from the figure, the data of each variable node will be sent after spreading on multiple function nodes, and the data sent by each function node is the superposition of non-zero symbols obtained by spreading the data from multiple variable nodes. For example, the data s3 of variable node 3 will be sent non-zero symbols on function node 1 and function node 2 after spreading, and the data x2 sent by function node 3 is the superposition of non-zero symbols obtained by spreading the data s2, s4, and s6 of variable node 2, variable node 4, and variable node 6, respectively.

[0078] In SCMA group and LDS group, the data in the data stream after spreading in which subcarriers or resource particles send non-zero symbol is respectively determined by SCMA feature matrix and LDS signature matrix. The SCMA feature matrix and the LDS signature matrix have the following form:

[0079] Wherein, N rows represent N functional nodes in an SCMA encoding block or an LDS encoding block, and M represents M variable nodes in an SCMA group or an LDS group. Although the SCMA feature matrix and the LDS signature matrix can be expressed in a general form, they have their own matrix characteristics.

[0080] The SCMA feature matrix has the following characteristics:

[0081] 1) The elements in the SCMA feature matrix satisfy r n,m ∈{0,1}, 1≤n≤N, 1≤m≤M. Wherein, r n,m =1 indicates that the data of the variable node m after spreading sends non-zero symbol on the functional node n. r n,m =0 indicates that the data of the variable node m after spreading sends zero symbol on the functional node n;

[0082] 2) Generally, the number of 0 elements is not less than the number of 1, so as to reflect the characteristics of sparse coding.

[0083] The matrix satisfying the above characteristics can be called SCMA feature matrix. At the same time, we call the column in the feature matrix as SCMA feature sequence, which corresponds to a variable node and reflects the data of the variable node after spreading in which functional nodes send non-zero symbol. Therefore, the SCMA feature matrix can be regarded as a matrix composed of a series of SCMA feature sequences. The column in the feature matrix can be expressed as:

[0084] The LDS signature matrix has the following characteristics:

[0085] 1) The elements in the LDS signature matrix satisfy r n,m ∈{0,α*exp(j*β)}, 1≤n≤N, 1≤m≤M, α≠0. Wherein, r n,m =α*exp(j*β) indicates that the data of the variable node m after spreading sends non-zero symbol on the functional node n. r n,m =0 indicates that the data of the variable node m after spreading sends zero symbol on the functional node n;

[0086] 2) Generally, the number of 0 elements is not less than the number of non-zero elements, so as to reflect the characteristics of low density coding.

[0087] The matrix satisfying the above features can be called as an LDS signature matrix. Meanwhile, we call the column in the signature matrix as an LDS signature sequence, which corresponds to a variable node. Different from the SCMA feature sequence, the LDS signature sequence not only reflects on which functional nodes the non-zero symbol after spreading of the corresponding variable node data is sent, but also is used for the calculation of the non-zero symbol. Similarly, the LDS signature matrix can be regarded as a matrix composed of a series of LDS signature sequences. The column in the signature matrix can be expressed as:

[0088] For the convenience of description, the feature matrix and the feature sequence appearing in the following are equivalent to the SCMA feature matrix and the SCMA feature sequence respectively, and the signature matrix and the signature sequence are equivalent to the LDS signature matrix and the LDS signature sequence respectively.

[0089] In the example given in FIG. 1, the corresponding feature matrix and signature matrix are respectively:

[0090] and

[0091] The feature matrix and the feature sequence and the signature matrix and the signature sequence can reflect or determine on which functional nodes the non-zero symbol after spreading of the data in the data stream is sent, while the non-zero symbol sent on the corresponding functional node after spreading of the data is determined by the codebook. The codebook has the following form:

[0092] The codebook is composed of one or more codewords. The codeword has the following form:

[0093] The number of codewords Q in the codebook m is determined by the modulation order corresponding to the codebook, for example, the codebook corresponding to Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) or 4-order modulation is composed of 4 codewords, that is, Q m = 4, and each codeword corresponds to a combination of 2 data bits according to a certain mapping relationship, for example, 00 corresponds to codeword 1, 01 corresponds to codeword 2, 10 corresponds to codeword 3, and 11 corresponds to codeword 4. For SCMA and LDS, each codeword in the codebook is a vector composed of N elements, wherein the positions of the non-zero elements are determined by the feature sequence and the signature sequence corresponding to the codebook respectively, and the positions of the non-zero elements are the same for all codewords in the same codebook.

[0094] In view of the above, when QPSK or 4-order modulation is used, the codebook used by variable node 3 in Fig. 1 should have the following form:

[0095] As can be seen from the above description, the codebook and the sequence are in a one-to-one relationship, that is, one SCMA codebook or LDS codebook uniquely corresponds to one SCMA characteristic sequence or LDS signature sequence; while the sequence and the codebook are in a one-to-many relationship, that is, one SCMA characteristic sequence or LDS signature sequence corresponds to one or more SCMA codebooks or LDS codebooks. The correspondence between the sequence and the codebook is determined by the following two conditions:

[0096] Condition 1: The code word in the codebook and the corresponding characteristic sequence or signature sequence have the same number of elements;

[0097] Condition 2: The code word in the codebook and the corresponding characteristic sequence or signature sequence have the same non-zero element position.

[0098] For example, the SCMA codebook or LDS codebook is:

[0099] The corresponding characteristic sequence or signature sequence is respectively:

[0100] Or

[0101] The representation and storage form of the codebook in the SCMA system (a system applying SCMA technology, hereinafter referred to as SCMA system) and the LDS system (a system applying LDS technology, hereinafter referred to as LDS system) are generally different. In the SCMA system, the codebook is usually directly represented and stored, for example, the codebook or each code word in the codebook described above is directly stored, or the non-zero elements are stored. In the LDS system, the signature matrix or signature sequence and the modulation constellation are usually directly represented and stored, while the codebook is indirectly generated through the signature sequence and the modulation constellation. A commonly used generation method is to multiply the signature sequence and the constellation point or modulation symbol in the modulation constellation, for example, when Qm-order modulation is used, the signature sequence is:

[0102] The corresponding codebook used by the variable node is:

[0103] Where q i is the constellation point or modulation symbol in the Q m -order modulation constellation, 1≤i≤Q m . Therefore, when QPSK or 4-order modulation is used, the LDS codebook used by variable node 3 in Fig. 1 is:

[0104] 3. Constellation diagram

[0105] A constellation diagram is a commonly used tool to represent the discrete states of a modulated signal. These discrete states are referred to as symbol points on a vector diagram, and the combination of symbol points forms a constellation diagram. A constellation diagram is a two-dimensional plot with the in-phase and quadrature components of the modulated signal represented on the horizontal and vertical axes, respectively. Together, these two components determine the location of a symbol point on the complex plane.

[0106] Referring to FIG. 2, a network architecture on which the communication method in the embodiments of the present application is based is described as follows:

[0107] FIG. 2 is a possible, non-limiting system diagram. As shown in FIG. 2, a communication system 10 includes a radio access network (RAN) 100 and a core network (CN) 200. The RAN 100 includes at least one RAN node (e.g., 110a and 110b in FIG. 2, collectively referred to as 110) and at least one terminal (e.g., 120a-120j in FIG. 2, collectively referred to as 120). The RAN 100 can also include other RAN nodes, such as wireless relay devices and / or wireless backhaul devices (not shown in FIG. 2), etc. The terminal 120 is connected to the RAN node 110 in a wireless manner. The RAN node 110 is connected to the core network 200 in a wireless or wired manner. The core network device in the core network 200 and the RAN node 110 in the RAN 100 can be different physical devices, or can be the same physical device integrated with the logical functions of the core network and the radio access network.

[0108] The RAN 100 can be a 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) -related cellular system, e.g., a 4th Generation Mobile Communication System (4G), a 5th Generation Mobile Communication System (5G) mobile communication system, or a future mobile communication system. The RAN 100 can also be an open radio access network (ORAN), a cloud-radio access network (CRAN), or a wireless fidelity (WiFi) system. The RAN 100 can also be a communication system in which two or more of the above systems are fused.

[0109] The RAN nodes 110, which can also be referred to as access network devices, RAN entities, or access nodes, etc., form part of the communication system 100 and are configured to facilitate wireless access to the communication system 100 by terminals. The RAN nodes 110 in the communication system 100 can be of the same type or of different types. In some scenarios, the roles of the RAN nodes 110 and the terminals 120 are relative, e.g., the network element 120i in Figure 2 can be a helicopter or a drone, which can be configured to be a mobile base station, to the terminals 120j that access the RAN 100 through the network element 120i, the network element 120i is a base station; but to the base station 110a, the network element 120i is a terminal. The RAN nodes 110 and the terminals 120 are sometimes referred to as communication apparatuses, e.g., the network elements 110a and 110b in Figure 2 can be understood as communication apparatuses with base station functionalities, and the network elements 120a-120j can be understood as communication apparatuses with terminal functionalities.

[0110] In a possible scenario, the RAN node can be a base station (BS), an evolved NodeB (eNodeB), an access point (AP), a transmission reception point (TRP), a next generation NodeB (gNB), a next generation base station in a future mobile communication system, a base station in a future mobile communication system, or an access node in a WiFi system, etc. The RAN node can be a macro base station (such as 110a in FIG. 2), a micro base station or an indoor station (such as 110b in FIG. 2), a relay node or a donor node, or a wireless controller in a CRAN scenario. Optionally, the RAN node can also be a server, a wearable device, a vehicle or a vehicle-mounted device, etc. For example, the access network device in vehicle to everything (V2X) technology can be a road side unit (RSU). All or part of the functions of the RAN node in the present application can also be implemented by software functions running on hardware, or by virtualized functions instantiated on a platform (such as a cloud platform). The RAN node can also be provided with a communication module, circuit or chip for performing corresponding communication functions, and program instructions for performing corresponding communication functions. The RAN node in the present application can also be a logical node, a logical module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the RAN node.

[0111] In another possible scenario, multiple RAN nodes cooperate to assist a terminal to implement wireless access, and different RAN nodes respectively implement part of the functions of a base station. For example, the RAN node can be a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a CU-CP, a CU-UP, or a radio unit (RU), etc. The CU and the DU can be separately arranged, or can be included in the same network element, such as a baseband unit (BBU). The RU can be included in a radio frequency device or a radio frequency unit, such as a remote radio unit (RRU), an active antenna processing unit (AAU) or a remote radio head (RRH).

[0112] In different systems, the CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU or RU can also have different names, but those skilled in the art can understand their meanings. For example, in the ORAN system, the CU can also be referred to as O-CU (open CU), the DU can also be referred to as O-DU, the CU-CP can also be referred to as O-CU-CP, the CU-UP can also be referred to as O-CU-UP, and the RU can also be referred to as O-RU. For the convenience of description, the CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU and RU are taken as examples for description in this application. Any one of the CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU and RU in this application can be implemented by a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of a software module and a hardware module.

[0113] A terminal can be a device or module with corresponding communication functions and can access the above-mentioned communication system. The terminal can also be referred to as a terminal device, user equipment (UE), mobile station, mobile terminal, etc. The terminal can be widely used in various scenarios, such as device-to-device (D2D) communication, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), internet of things (IOT), virtual reality, augmented reality, industrial control, autonomous driving, remote medical treatment, smart grid, smart home, smart office, smart wear, smart transportation, smart city, etc. The terminal can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, computer with wireless transceiver function, wearable device, vehicle, unmanned aerial vehicle, helicopter, airplane, ship, robot, mechanical arm, smart home device, wireless communication function transport vehicle, communication module, etc. Embodiments of the present application do not limit the device form of the terminal. The terminal usually has a communication module, circuit or chip for executing corresponding communication functions. The terminal can also be configured with program instructions for executing corresponding communication functions.

[0114] In addition, the embodiments of the present application can also be applicable to other communication technologies facing the future. The network architecture and service scenarios described in the present application are for more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the present application and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the present application. Those skilled in the art can know that, with the evolution of network architecture and the appearance of new service scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0115] FIG. 3 shows an application scenario to which the embodiments of the present application can be applied. Terminal device 302, terminal device 303, terminal device 304, and terminal device 305 access network device 301. Network device 301 allocates different codebooks (i.e., different signal sets) to different users, i.e., different terminal devices, to realize signal differentiation among multiple terminal devices. In this way, even if multiple users send signals at the same time, network device 301 can identify the signal of each user through the codebook, thereby realizing multiple access. After receiving the signal sent by the network device, the terminal device decodes the signal according to the allocated codebook. By matching the received signal with the code word in the codebook, the terminal device can restore the original data information.

[0116] In existing SCMA research, the codebook design for multiple users is often based on an assumption that the modulation order of the codebook used by each user, i.e., the number of constellation points of the constellation used by each user, is the same among the superimposed multiple users. This actually implies an assumption that the average channel conditions of the users are relatively uniform. However, in actual applications, there are often differences among the channels of multiple users, and it is often difficult to meet this condition in the system, thereby causing a performance loss.

[0117] Based on this, the embodiments of the present application provide a method. Referring to FIG. 4, a communication method in the embodiments of the present application includes:

[0118] 401, determining first signaling;

[0119] Step 401 can be performed by a network device or by a module (such as a processor, a chip, a chip system, a circuit, etc.) therein. Taking the network device as an example, the network device determines the first signaling.

[0120] The first signaling is used to indicate the modulation order of the first codebook and the modulation order of the second codebook, the first codebook is used for a first device to determine first information, the second codebook is used for a second device to determine second information, the first signaling is used to indicate that the first device transmits the first information on a first resource, and / or, is used to indicate that the second device transmits the second information on the first resource.

[0121] The first device and the second device are both terminal devices. The first resource includes two dimensions of time domain resources and / or frequency domain resources. The unit of the time domain resources is a time domain unit, and the unit of the frequency domain resources is a frequency domain unit. The time domain unit can be a symbol, a slot, a mini-slot, a sub-frame, a frame, or the like. The frequency domain unit can be an RE, a resource block (RB), a channel, a subchannel, a control channel element (CCE), a resource pool, a bandwidth part (BWP), a carrier, a band, or the like.

[0122] The time domain unit and the frequency domain unit above can be combined in any manner. For example, the first resource can be a time-frequency unit with a symbol in the time domain and an RE in the frequency domain. For another example, the first resource can be a time-frequency unit with a symbol in the time domain and an RB in the frequency domain.

[0123] It should be understood that the first device and the second device are only examples in the embodiments of the present application. In actual applications, the first signaling can be used to indicate multiple terminal devices to perform information transmission on the same resource, which is not limited herein.

[0124] The first resource includes multiple time-frequency units. For example, the first resource includes four REs (RE1, RE2, RE3, and RE4), wherein the first device transmits first information using RE1 and RE3, and the second device transmits second information using RE2 and RE4. The network device indicates the four REs to the first device and the second device simultaneously through the first signaling, and the first device or the second device determines the REs used for transmitting information based on the first signaling.

[0125] Optionally, the first signaling is any one of a radio resource control (RRC) protocol, downlink control information (DCI), or a media access control control element (MAC CE), which is not limited herein.

[0126] Because there is often a difference between the channels of multiple users, the network device needs to allocate a modulation order to multiple terminal devices, that is, the network device indicates a modulation order of a codebook used by a terminal device to the terminal device.

[0127] The network device can determine the codebook of multiple users in multiple ways, which are described as follows.

[0128] Method 1: The network device designs the codebook of different modulation orders of multiple users based on a constellation. The codebook of one user includes K=2 k constellation points, where k is a positive integer. The constellation corresponding to different numbers of constellation points can be obtained based on a constellation with a large Euclidean distance (Euclidean distance). For example, the constellation with different modulation orders is designed based on a lattice constellation.

[0129] Alternatively, the lattice constellation is a constellation generated based on Eisenstein integers, as shown in FIG. 5. The constellation generated based on Eisenstein integers is also called a lattice constellation, and the Euclidean distance of each point in the lattice constellation to all adjacent constellation points is equal. Therefore, the lattice constellation is the constellation with the optimal Euclidean distance in all two-dimensional constellations (i.e., one-dimensional complex constellations), that is, the difference between any two constellation points in the constellation is most obvious. The coordinates of the constellation points of the lattice constellation are represented as: x=[1,w]·z

[0130] where z is an integer, and w is For example, when z takes 1 or -1, the coordinates are or

[0131] Alternatively, the lattice constellation is a constellation generated based on Gaussian integers, as shown in FIG. 6. The constellation generated based on Gaussian integers is also called a quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) constellation. The coordinates of the constellation points of the QAM constellation are represented as: x=[1,1i]·z

[0132] where z is an integer. For example, when z takes 1 or -1, the coordinates are (1,1i), (-1,1i), (1,-1i), or (-1,-1i).

[0133] As an example, when the modulation order of the constellation is 2, the number of constellation points in the constellation is 2 2 =4. The constellation generated based on Gaussian integers is shown in FIG. 7. The signal can be represented as s(t)=a cosω0t-b sinω0t=A cos(ωt+θ). Where a is the horizontal coordinate of the symbol point in the constellation, b is the vertical coordinate of the symbol point in the constellation, A is the signal amplitude, and θ is the phase of the signal. Substituting the coordinates (1,1), (-1,1), (1,-1), and (-1,-1) of the symbol points into (a,b), we obtain θ is and To make the output signal amplitude A = 1, the amplitude of the input signal is adjusted to That is, the coordinates of the 4 symbol points are And The minimum Euclidean distance of the constellation is

[0134] In the embodiments of the present application, the precision of the symbol point coordinates is 5 digits after the decimal point, so the coordinates of the 4 symbol points are (0.70710, 0.70710), (-0.70710, 0.70710), (0.70710, -0.70710) and (-0.70710, -0.70710). As can be seen from FIG. 7, the coordinates of the symbol point 00 are (0.70710, 0.70710), the coordinates of the symbol point 01 are (-0.70710, 0.70710), the coordinates of the symbol point 10 are (0.70710, -0.70710), and the coordinates of the symbol point 11 are (-0.70710, -0.70710).

[0135] As an example, when the modulation order of the constellation is 2, the number of constellation points in the constellation is 2 2 = 4. The constellation generated based on Eisenstein integers is shown in FIG. 8. The coordinates of the 4 symbol points are And The minimum Euclidean distance of the constellation is

[0136] In the embodiments of the present application, the precision of the symbol point coordinates is 5 digits after the decimal point, so the coordinates of the 4 symbol points are (0.70710, 0), (0, 1.22474), (0, -1.22474) and (-0.70710, 0). As can be seen from FIG. 8, the coordinates of the symbol point 00 are (0.70710, 0), the coordinates of the symbol point 01 are (0, 1.22474), the coordinates of the symbol point 10 are (0, -1.22474), and the coordinates of the symbol point 11 are (-0.70710, 0).

[0137] As an example, when the modulation order of the constellation is 3, the number of constellation points in the constellation is 2 3 = 8. The constellation generated based on Gaussian integers is shown in FIG. 9. The precision of the symbol point coordinates is 5 digits after the decimal point, so the coordinates of the 8 symbol points are (0, 1.12090), (-0.64051, 0.48038), (0.64051, 0.48038), (0, -0.16013), (1.28103, -0.16013), (-1.28103, -0.16013), (0.64051, -0.80064) and (-0.64051, -0.80064).

[0138] According to FIG. 9, the coordinates corresponding to the symbol point 000 are (0, 1.12090), the coordinates corresponding to the symbol point 001 are (-0.64051, 0.48038), the coordinates corresponding to the symbol point 010 are (0.64051, 0.48038), the coordinates corresponding to the symbol point 011 are (0, -0.16013), the coordinates corresponding to the symbol point 100 are (1.28103, -0.16013), the coordinates corresponding to the symbol point 101 are (-1.28103, -0.16013), the coordinates corresponding to the symbol point 110 are (0.64051, -0.80064), and the coordinates corresponding to the symbol point 111 are (-0.64051, -0.80064).

[0139] Another constellation based on Gaussian integer generation is shown in FIG. 10. The coordinates of the eight symbol points are (-0.94868, 0.94868), (-0.31623, 0.31623), (0.31623, 0.94868), (0.31623, 0.31623), (0.94868, 0.31623), (-0.94868, -0.31623), (0.94868, -0.94868), and (-0.31623, -0.94868) with the precision of five decimal places.

[0140] According to FIG. 10, the coordinates corresponding to the symbol point 000 are (-0.94868, 0.94868), the coordinates corresponding to the symbol point 001 are (-0.31623, 0.31623), the coordinates corresponding to the symbol point 010 are (0.31623, 0.94868), the coordinates corresponding to the symbol point 011 are (0.31623, -0.31623), the coordinates corresponding to the symbol point 100 are (0.94868, 0.31623), the coordinates corresponding to the symbol point 101 are (-0.94868, -0.31623), the coordinates corresponding to the symbol point 110 are (0.94868, -0.94868), and the coordinates corresponding to the symbol point 111 are (-0.31623, -0.94868).

[0141] As an example, when the modulation order of the constellation is 3, the number of constellation points in the constellation is 2 3= 8. The constellation diagram generated based on Eisenstein integers is shown in Figure 11. The coordinates of the sign points are rounded to 5 decimal places, so the coordinates of the 8 sign points are (0, 0.20834), (-0.48172, 1.04269), (0.96344, 0.20834), (0.48172, 1.04269), (-0.48172, -0.62600), (0.96344, 0.20834), (0.48172, 0.62600), and (0, -1.45841).

[0142] As shown in Figure 11, the coordinates of symbol point 000 are (0, 0.20834), the coordinates of symbol point 001 are (-0.48172, 1.04269), the coordinates of symbol point 010 are (0.96344, 0.20834), the coordinates of symbol point 011 are (0.48172, 1.04269), the coordinates of symbol point 100 are (-0.48172, -0.62600), the coordinates of symbol point 101 are (0.96344, 0.20834), the coordinates of symbol point 110 are (0.48172, 0.62600), and the coordinates of symbol point 111 are (0, -1.45841).

[0143] As an example, when the modulation order of the constellation diagram is 4, the number of constellation points in the constellation diagram is 2. 4 =16. The constellation diagram generated based on Gaussian integers is shown in Figure 12. The coordinates of the sign points are rounded to 5 decimal places, so the coordinates of the 16 sign points are (0.94868, 0.94868), (0.94868, 0.31623), (0.94868, -0.94868), (0.94868, -0.31623), (0.31623, 0.94868), (0.31623, 0.94868), (0.31623, 0.31623), (0.31623, -0.94868), (0.31623, -0.31623), (-0.94868, 0.94868), (-0.94868, 0.31623), (-0.94868, -0.94868), (-0.94868, -0.31623), (-0.31623, 0.94868), (-0.31623, 0.31623), (-0.31623, -0.94868) and (-0.31623, -0.31623).

[0144] As an example, when the modulation order of the constellation diagram is 4, the number of constellation points in the constellation diagram is 2. 4= 16. The constellation based on Eisenstein integer is shown in FIG. 13. The precision of the coordinates of the symbol points is 5 decimal places, and the coordinates of the 16 symbol points are (0, 1.18294), (0.58553, -1.18330), (-0.58553, 0.84540), (-1.17107, 0.50699), (0.58553, 0.84540), (-1.17107, -0.16895), (0, 0.50699), (-0.58553, 0.16885), (-0.58553, -1.18382), (0, -0.84490), (1.17107, -0.16895), (0.58553, -0.50676), (1.17107, 0.50699), (-0.58553, -0.50676), (0.58553, 0.16885), and (0, -0.16895).

[0145] The constellation described above is only an example, and in actual applications, the precision of the coordinates of the symbol points can be selected to be higher or lower than the precision described above. Each constellation point can be within a certain error range (less than or equal to 5% error) of the corresponding constellation point in the designed constellation described above. The constellation can also be rotated around the origin based on the coordinates of the constellation described above with the same or different precision, or a constellation can be designed based on a higher modulation order. The embodiments of the present application are not limited in this regard.

[0146] After the network device determines the constellation for different modulation orders, the single-dimensional constellation is denoted as a. The network device arranges multiple single-dimensional constellations to determine a multi-dimensional mother constellation A MC , that is, A MC = [π1(a)…π N (a)] N×M

[0147] wherein π n (a) represents the arrangement operation in the nth dimension, n is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N, N is the number of users. The arrangement criterion is the first criterion, that is, to minimize the error rate of the constellation A MC . The error rate is represented as:

[0148] wherein x is the constellation with a misjudgment. The network device determines the error rate of A MCThe modulation orders corresponding to the plurality of users are determined. Exemplarily, the network device sends 8 bits of information to 4 terminal devices (user 1, user 2, user 3 and user 4). For example, the network device sends 1 bit of information to user 1 and user 2 respectively, and sends 3 bits of information to user 3 and user 4 respectively, so that the modulation orders corresponding to user 1 and user 2 are 1, and the modulation orders corresponding to user 3 and user 4 are 3. For another example, the network device sends 2 bits of information to each terminal device, so that the modulation order corresponding to each user is 2. For another example, the network device sends 1 bit of information to user 1, sends 2 bits of information to user 2 and user 3 respectively, and sends 3 bits of information to user 4, so that the modulation order corresponding to user 1 is 1, the modulation orders corresponding to user 2 and user 3 are 2, and the modulation order corresponding to user 4 is 3. The embodiment of the present application is not limited specifically.

[0149] After obtaining A MC , the codebook of user j can be obtained by the following formula, j is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N. X j = V j A MC

[0150] wherein V j is a binary sparse matrix with dimensions KxP, V j maps the mother codebook with dimensions P to the sparse K-dimensional codebook. Taking the characteristic matrix shown in FIG. 1 as an example, the modulation order corresponding to each of the 6 users is 2, so that the codebook corresponding to each user is:

[0151] In the embodiment of the present application, by designing constellation diagrams with different modulation orders and arranging them, the network device can allocate different modulation orders to a plurality of users and determine the codebooks corresponding to different modulation orders of the plurality of users, so as to realize the codebook design of different modulation orders of multiple users and improve the performance of user constellation superposition after different modulation orders.

[0152] Method 2: The network device designs codebooks with different modulation orders for a plurality of users based on a first matrix. Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 14, the first matrix is a variable modulation matrix (VMM), and the matrix has dimensions of 4*6, wherein 4 is the number of REs and 6 is the number of users. M l ∈{2,4,8,16} is the codebook size of the lth codebook. The column vector in the VMM represents the codebook resource, and the row vector represents the carrier resource. The non-zero position of each column is the carrier occupied by the codebook. The structure of the VMM is unified with the structure of the factor graph, that is, the VMM is obtained based on the following factor graph:

[0153] There are multiple allocation manners when the network device allocates modulation orders for multiple users. As shown in FIG. 15, for example, the network device allocates modulation order 1 for user 1 and user 2, allocates modulation order 3 for user 3, and allocates modulation order 4 for user 4, user 5 and user 6. For another example, the network device allocates modulation order 1 for user 1 and user 4, allocates modulation order 3 for user 6, and allocates modulation order 4 for user 2, user 3 and user 5. Different allocation manners can result in different performance, and therefore the network device determines the allocation manner based on a second criterion. The second criterion is used to make the codebook allocated for each user satisfy that the multi-user interference on each carrier is as small as possible, i.e., the received power on each carrier is as equal as possible.

[0154] In the embodiments of the present application, the first matrix is used to enable the network device to implement codebook design for multiple users with different modulation orders. Meanwhile, since the codebook allocated for each user satisfies that the multi-user interference on each carrier is as small as possible, the performance of link access is improved.

[0155] 402. transmitting first signaling;

[0156] Step 402 can be performed by the network device or by a module (e.g., a processor, a circuit, a chip, a chip system, a circuit, etc.) therein. For example, the network device transmits the first signaling. Correspondingly, the terminal device receives the first signaling.

[0157] It should be noted that the network device can broadcast or multicast the first signaling, so that the network device can indicate the modulation orders corresponding to multiple terminal devices through one piece of signaling, thereby saving signaling overhead. The multicast can also be referred to as the multi-cast, which is not limited herein.

[0158] Since the first signaling is broadcast or multicast, the first signaling further includes the identities of multiple terminal devices, so that the receiver of the first signaling can obtain the information corresponding to the receiver from the first signaling according to the identity of the terminal device.

[0159] 403. determining the modulation order of the first codebook based on the first signaling;

[0160] Step 403 can be performed by the terminal device or by a module (e.g., a processor, a circuit, a chip, a chip system, a circuit, etc.) therein. For example, the terminal device determines the modulation order of the first codebook based on the first signaling.

[0161] In a possible implementation, the terminal device obtains the modulation order of the first codebook from the first signaling. The first codebook is used by the terminal device for encoding or decoding. The terminal device can determine a first constellation based on the first codebook. The determination of the first constellation can refer to the description in step 401 of this embodiment, and details are not described here.

[0162] In another possible implementation, the terminal device obtains the first matrix from the first signaling. The terminal device determines the modulation order of the first codebook based on the first matrix. The description of the first matrix can refer to the description in step 401 of this embodiment, and details are not described here.

[0163] The communication method in the embodiments of the present application is described above, and the communication device in the embodiments of the present application is described below. Referring to FIG. 16, the communication device 1600 can be used to execute the process performed by the network device in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4. Specifically, the communication device 1600 can be the network device, or a component or device (such as a processor, a chip, or a chip system) applied to the network device, or a logic module or software capable of realizing all or part of the network device functions.

[0164] The communication device 1600 includes an interface module 1601 and a processing module 1602.

[0165] The processing module 1602 is configured to perform data processing. The interface module 1601 can implement corresponding communication functions. The interface module 1601 can also be referred to as a communication interface or a communication module.

[0166] Optionally, the communication device 1600 can further include a storage module, which can be used to store program codes, program instructions, and / or data. The processing module 1602 can read the instructions and / or data in the storage module, so that the communication device 1600 implements the foregoing method embodiments.

[0167] The communication device 1600 can be used to execute the actions performed by the network device in the foregoing method embodiments. For example, the network device or a communication module in the network device, or a circuit or chip responsible for communication functions in the network device. The communication device 1600 can be the network device or a component configurable to the network device. The processing module 1602 is configured to perform operations related to processing on the network device side in the foregoing method embodiments. The interface module 1601 is configured to perform operations related to receiving on the network device side in the foregoing method embodiments.

[0168] Optionally, the interface module 1601 can include a sending module and a receiving module. The sending module is configured to perform the sending operations in the foregoing method embodiments. The receiving module is configured to perform the receiving operations in the foregoing method embodiments.

[0169] It should be noted that the communication apparatus 1600 can include the sending module and not include the receiving module. Alternatively, the communication apparatus 1600 can include the receiving module and not include the sending module. Whether the communication apparatus 1600 includes the sending module and the receiving module can depend on whether the communication apparatus 1600 performs the sending action and the receiving action in the above-mentioned schemes. For example, the communication apparatus 1600 is configured to perform the actions performed by the network device in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4. Details can be referred to the related description in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, which will not be repeated here.

[0170] For example, the communication apparatus 1600 is configured to perform the following schemes.

[0171] The processing module 1602 is configured to determine first signaling, the first signaling indicating a modulation order of a first codebook and a modulation order of a second codebook, the first codebook being used by a first device to determine first information, the second codebook being used by a second device to determine second information, the first signaling being used to indicate that the first device transmits the first information on a first resource and / or being used to indicate that the second device transmits the second information on the first resource.

[0172] The interface module 1601 is configured to send the first signaling.

[0173] It should be understood that the specific process in which each module performs the corresponding process has been described in the above-mentioned method embodiments, which will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

[0174] The processing module 1602 in the above-mentioned embodiments can be implemented by at least one processor or processor-related circuit. The interface module 1601 can be implemented by a transceiver or transceiver-related circuit. The interface module 1601 can also be referred to as a communication module or a communication interface. The storage module can be implemented by at least one memory.

[0175] Another structural schematic diagram of the communication apparatus in the embodiments of the present application is shown below. Please refer to FIG. 17, the communication apparatus can be configured to perform the processes performed by the terminal device in the embodiments shown in FIG. 4, and details can be referred to the related description in the above-mentioned method embodiments.

[0176] The communication apparatus 1700 includes the interface module 1701. Optionally, the processing module 1702.

[0177] The processing module 1702 is configured to perform data processing. The interface module 1701 can implement corresponding communication functions. The interface module 1701 can also be referred to as a communication interface or a communication module.

[0178] Optionally, the communication apparatus 1700 can further include a storage module, which can be configured to store program codes, program instructions and / or data. The processing module 1702 can read the instructions and / or data in the storage module, so that the communication apparatus 1700 implements the above-mentioned method embodiments.

[0179] The communication apparatus 1700 can be configured to perform the actions of the terminal device in the above method embodiments. For example, the terminal device or a communication module in the terminal device, or a circuit or chip responsible for communication functions in the terminal device. The communication apparatus 1700 can be the terminal device or a component configurable to the terminal device. The processing module 1702 is configured to perform the processing-related operations of the terminal device side in the above method embodiments. The interface module 1701 is configured to perform the receiving-related operations of the terminal device side in the above method embodiments.

[0180] Optionally, the interface module 1701 can include a sending module and a receiving module. The sending module is configured to perform the sending operations in the above method embodiments. The receiving module is configured to perform the receiving operations in the above method embodiments.

[0181] It should be noted that the communication apparatus 1700 can include a sending module and not include a receiving module. Alternatively, the communication apparatus 1700 can include a receiving module and not include a sending module. Specifically, whether the communication apparatus 1700 includes a sending action and a receiving action can be determined according to the above-described schemes performed by the communication apparatus 1700. For example, the communication apparatus 1700 is configured to perform the actions of the terminal device in the above-described embodiment shown in FIG. 4. For details, please refer to the related description in the above-described embodiment shown in FIG. 4, which will not be described here in detail.

[0182] For example, the communication apparatus 1700 is configured to perform the following scheme:

[0183] The interface module 1701 is configured to receive first signaling. The first signaling is used to indicate that the first device and the second device transmit or receive a first signal on a first resource. The first signal includes first information and second information. The first information is determined by the first device according to a first codebook. The second information is determined by the second device according to a second codebook. The modulation order of the first codebook and the modulation order of the second codebook are different.

[0184] The processing module 1702 is configured to determine the modulation order of the first codebook based on the first signaling.

[0185] It should be understood that the specific processes of each module performing the above corresponding processes have been described in detail in the above method embodiments. For the sake of brevity, they will not be described here in detail.

[0186] Optionally, when the communication apparatus 1700 is a terminal device or a communication module in a terminal device, the processing module 1702 in the above embodiment can be implemented by at least one processor or processor-related circuit. Specifically, the processor can include a Modem chip, or a system on chip (SoC) chip or a system in package (SIP) chip containing a Modem core. The interface module 1701 can be implemented by a transceiver or transceiver-related circuit. The interface module 1701 can also be referred to as a communication module or a communication interface. The storage module can be implemented by at least one memory.

[0187] Optionally, when the communication apparatus 1700 is a circuit or chip responsible for communication functions in a terminal device, such as a Modem chip or a SoC chip or a SIP chip containing a Modem core, the functions of the processing module 1702 can be implemented by the circuit system including one or more processors or processing cores in the above-mentioned chip. The functions of the interface module 1701 can be implemented by the interface circuit or data transceiver circuit on the above-mentioned chip.

[0188] Next, a communication apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application is introduced. Referring to FIG. 18, FIG. 18 is a structural schematic diagram of a communication apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application. The communication apparatus can be a network device or a terminal device in the above-mentioned method embodiments, and can also be a chip, a chip system, or a processor, etc. supporting the network device or the terminal device to implement the above-mentioned method. The communication apparatus can be used to implement the method described in the above-mentioned method embodiments. For details, refer to the description in the above-mentioned method embodiments.

[0189] The communication apparatus can include one or more processors 1801. The processor 1801 is connected with a memory 1802, an input and output unit 1803, and a bus 1804. The processor 1801 can be a general-purpose processor or a special-purpose processor, etc. For example, it can be a baseband processor or a central processing unit. The baseband processor can be used to process communication protocols and communication data, and the central processing unit can be used to control the communication apparatus (such as a base station, a baseband chip, a terminal, a terminal chip, a DU or a CU, etc.), execute software programs, and process data of the software programs.

[0190] Optionally, the communication apparatus can include one or more memories 1802, which can have instructions stored thereon. The instructions can be run on the processor 1801, so that the communication apparatus executes the method described in the above-mentioned method embodiments. Optionally, the memory 1802 can also store data. The processor 1801 and the memory 1802 can be separately arranged, or integrated together.

[0191] Optionally, the communication apparatus can further include a transceiver, an antenna. The transceiver can be referred to as a transceiving unit, a transceiver, or a transceiving circuit, etc., and is used to realize the transceiving function. The transceiver can include a receiver and a transmitter. The receiver can be referred to as a receiver or a receiving circuit, etc., and is used to realize the receiving function. The transmitter can be referred to as a transmitter or a transmitting circuit, etc., and is used to realize the transmitting function.

[0192] In another possible design, the processor 1801 can include a transceiver for realizing the receiving and transmitting functions. For example, the transceiver can be a transceiving circuit, or an interface, or an interface circuit. The transceiving circuit, the interface, or the interface circuit for realizing the receiving and transmitting functions can be separate or integrated together. The transceiving circuit, the interface, or the interface circuit can be used for reading and writing codes / data, or the transceiving circuit, the interface, or the interface circuit can be used for signal transmission or transfer.

[0193] In yet another possible design, the processor 1801 can store instructions, and the instructions can be run on the processor 1801 to enable the communication apparatus to perform the methods described in the foregoing method embodiments. The instructions can be fixed in the processor 1801, and in this case, the processor 1801 can be implemented by hardware.

[0194] In yet another possible design, the communication apparatus can include a circuit, and the circuit can realize the functions of the transmitting or receiving or communication of the network device or the terminal device in the foregoing method embodiments. The processor and the transceiver described in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented on an integrated circuit (IC), an analog IC, an RFIC, a mixed-signal IC, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a printed circuit board (PCB), an electronic device, etc. The processor and the transceiver can also be manufactured by various IC technologies, such as complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS), N-type metal oxide semiconductor (NMOS), positive channel metal oxide semiconductor (PMOS), Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT), BiCMOS, silicon germanium (SiGe), gallium arsenide (GaAs), etc.

[0195] The communication apparatus in the above embodiments can be a network device or a terminal device, but the communication apparatus described in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to this, and the structure of the communication apparatus can not be limited to that of FIG. 18. The communication apparatus can be a stand-alone device or a part of a larger device. For example, the communication apparatus can be:

[0196] (1) a stand-alone integrated circuit (IC), or a chip, or a chip system or a subsystem;

[0197] (2) a set of one or more ICs, optionally, the IC set can also include a storage component for storing data and instructions;

[0198] (3) an ASIC, such as a Modem;

[0199] (4) a module that can be embedded in other devices;

[0200] (5) a receiver, a terminal, a smart terminal, a cellular phone, a wireless device, a handset, a mobile unit, a vehicle-mounted device, a network device, a cloud device, an artificial intelligence device, and the like;

[0201] (6) and the like.

[0202] For the case that the communication apparatus can be a chip or a chip system, refer to the structure diagram of the chip shown in FIG. 19. The chip 1900 shown in FIG. 19 includes a processor 1901, an interface 1902. Optionally, it can also include a memory 1903. Among them, the number of processors 1901 can be one or more, and the number of interfaces 1902 can be multiple.

[0203] For the case that the chip is used to implement the functions of the network device or the terminal device in the embodiments of the present application:

[0204] The interface 1902 is configured to receive or output a signal;

[0205] The processor 1901 is configured to perform data processing operations of the network device or the terminal device.

[0206] It can be understood that some optional features in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented independently in some scenarios, without relying on other features, such as the scheme currently based on, to solve the corresponding technical problems and achieve the corresponding effects. Also, in some scenarios, it can be combined with other features according to needs. Correspondingly, the communication apparatus given in the embodiments of the present application can also realize these features or functions, which will not be described here.

[0207] It should be understood that the processor in the embodiments of the present application can be an integrated circuit chip with a processing capability of signals. In the implementation process, each step of the method embodiments described above can be completed by the integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor or the instructions in the form of software. The processor described above can be a general processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components.

[0208] It can be understood that the memory in the embodiments of the present application can be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or can include both volatile and non-volatile memories. Among them, the non-volatile memory can be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically EPROM (EEPROM) or a flash memory. The volatile memory can be a random access memory (RAM) used as an external cache. By way of example and not limitation, many forms of RAK are available, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM) and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM). It should be noted that the memory of the system and method described herein is intended to include but not limited to these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0209] The embodiments of the present application also provide a computer readable storage medium comprising instructions which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method in the foregoing embodiments.

[0210] The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product comprising instructions which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method in the foregoing embodiment.

[0211] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described system, device and unit can refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, which will not be described here.

[0212] In several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, device and method can be implemented in other manners. For example, the above-described device embodiments are merely schematic, and the division of the units is merely a logical function division, and there can be another division manner in actual implementation, for example, a plurality of units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the displayed or discussed mutual couplings or direct couplings or communication connections between the units can be indirect couplings or communication connections through some interfaces, devices or units, and can be electrical, mechanical or in other forms.

[0213] The units described as separate components can or can not be physically separate, and the components shown as units can or can not be physical units, that is, can be located in one place, or can be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiment.

[0214] In addition, each functional unit in the embodiments of the present application can be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in the form of hardware, or in the form of software functional units.

[0215] The integrated unit, if realized in the form of software functional units and sold or used as an independent product, can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the present application essentially or the part that makes a contribution to the prior art or the whole or part of the technical solutions can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including a plurality of instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the embodiments of the present application. The foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and various media that can store program codes.

[0216] In the foregoing embodiments, all or some of the embodiments can be implemented by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented by software, all or some of the embodiments can be implemented in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or some of the processes or functions according to the embodiments of the present application are generated. The computer can be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable apparatus. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer readable storage medium to another computer readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website site, computer, server or data center to another website site, computer, server or data center through wired (for example, coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (for example, infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer readable storage medium can be any available medium accessible by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, etc. integrated with one or more available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (for example, floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, high-density digital video disc (digital video disc, DVD)), or a semiconductor medium (for example, solid state disk (solid state disk, SSD)), etc.

Claims

1. A communication method characterized by comprising: The method comprises: determining first signaling, the first signaling indicating a modulation order of a first codebook and a modulation order of a second codebook, the first codebook being used for a first device to determine first information, the second codebook being used for a second device to determine second information, the first signaling being used to indicate that the first device transmits the first information on a first resource, and / or, being used to indicate that the second device transmits the second information on the first resource; sending the first signaling.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The first information is obtained by mapping a user data stream of the first device on a first constellation diagram, the first constellation diagram being determined according to X constellation points, the X constellation points being determined according to the modulation order of the first codebook.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, The modulation order of the first codebook is 2, and the X is 4; wherein, the coordinates of the 4 constellation points are (-0.70710, -0.70710), (-0.70710, 0.70710), (0.70710, -0.70710) and (0.70710, 0.70710); or, the coordinates of the 4 constellation points are (0.70710, 0), (0, 1.22474), (0, -1.22474) and (-0.70710, 0).

4. The method of claim 2, wherein, The modulation order of the first codebook is 3, and the X is 8; wherein, the coordinates of the 8 constellation points are (0, 1.12090), (-0.64051, 0.48038), (0.64051, 0.48038), (0, -0.16013), (1.28103, -0.16013), (-1.28103, -0.16013), (0.64051, -0.80064) and (0.64051, 0.80064); or, the coordinates of the 8 constellation points are (-0.94868, 0.94868), (-0.31623, 0.31623), (0.31623, 0.94868), (0.31623, -0.31623), (0.94868, 0.31623), (-0.94868, -0.31623), (0.94868, -0.94868) and (-0.31623, -0.94868); or, the coordinates of the 8 constellation points are (0, 0.20834), (-0.48172, 1.04269), (0.96344, 0.20834), (0.48172, 1.04269), (-0.48172, -0.62600), (0.96344, 0.20834), (0.48172, 0.62600) and (0, -1.45841).

5. The method of claim 2, wherein, The modulation order of the first codebook is 4, and the X is 16; The coordinates of the 16 constellation points are (0.94868, 0.94868), (0.94868, 0.31623), (0.94868, -0.94868), (0.94868, -0.31623), (0.31623, 0.94868), (0.31623, 0.31623), (0.31623, -0.94868), (0.31623, -0.31623), (-0.94868, 0.94868), (-0.94868, 0.31623), (-0.94868, -0.94868), (-0.94868, -0.31623), (-0.31623, 0.94868), (-0.31623, 0.31623), (-0.31623, -0.94868), and (-0.31623, -0.31623). Or, The coordinates of the 16 constellation points are (0, 1.18294), (0.58553, -1.18330), (-0.58553, 0.84540), (-1.17107, 0.50699), (0.58553, 0.84540), (-1.17107, -0.16895), (0, 0.50699), (-0.58553, 0.16885), (-0.58553, -1.18382), (0, -0.84490), (1.17107, -0.16895), (0.58553, -0.50676), (1.17107, 0.50699), (-0.58553, -0.50676), (0.58553, 0.16885), and (0, -0.16895).

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The first constellation map is composed of the X constellation points, or the first constellation map is obtained by rotating the X constellation points based on an origin point. The coordinate precision of the X constellation points is a first precision, and the coordinate precision of the first constellation map is a second precision, which is determined based on the first precision.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The modulation order of the first codebook and the modulation order of the second codebook are determined based on a first criterion, the first criterion is used to indicate that a second constellation map has a minimum bit error rate, the second constellation map is arranged according to a third constellation map and a fourth constellation map, the third constellation map is determined according to the modulation order of the first codebook, and the fourth constellation map is determined according to the modulation order of the second codebook.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein, The first signaling is determined based on a first matrix, the first matrix comprising M rows and N columns, M rows of the first matrix being used for indicating M time-frequency resources, N columns of the first matrix being used for indicating N terminal devices, a non-zero element in the first matrix being used for indicating a modulation order of a codebook, a first non-zero element in the first matrix being used for indicating a modulation order of the first codebook, a second non-zero element in the first matrix being used for indicating a modulation order of the second codebook, the M and the N being positive integers.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein, The first matrix is determined based on a second criterion, the second criterion being used for indicating that received powers on each time-frequency resource in the M time-frequency resources are equal.

10. A communication method characterized by comprising: The method comprises: receiving first signaling, the first signaling being used for indicating that a first device and a second device transmit or receive a first signal on a first resource, the first signal comprising first information and second information, the first information being determined by the first device according to a first codebook, the second information being determined by the second device according to a second codebook, a modulation order of the first codebook and a modulation order of the second codebook being different; determining the modulation order of the first codebook based on the first signaling.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein, The first signaling comprises the modulation order of the first codebook, and the determining of the modulation order of the first codebook based on the first signaling comprises: obtaining the modulation order of the first codebook from the first signaling.

12. The method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that, The method further comprises: determining X constellation points according to the modulation order of the first codebook, the X constellation points being used for determining a first constellation diagram, the first information being obtained by mapping user data streams of the first device on the first constellation diagram.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein, The modulation order of the first codebook is 2, and the X is 4; wherein coordinates of the 4 constellation points are (-0.70710, -0.70710), (-0.70710, 0.70710), (0.70710, -0.70710) and (0.70710, 0.70710); or, coordinates of the 4 constellation points are (0.70710, 0), (0, 0.70710), (0, -0.70710) and (-0.70710, 0).

14. The method of claim 12, wherein, The modulation order of the first codebook is 3, and the X is 8; wherein coordinates of the 8 constellation points are (0, 1.12090), (-0.64051, 0.48038), (0.64051, 0.48038), (0, -0.16013), (1.28103, -0.16013), (-1.28103, -0.16013), (0.64051, -0.80064) and (0.64051, 0.80064); or, The coordinates of the 8 constellation points are (-0.94868, 0.94868), (-0.31623, 0.31623), (0.31623, 0.94868), (0.31623, 0.31623), (0.94868, 0.31623), (-0.94868, -0.31623), (0.94868, -0.94868) and (-0.31623, -0.94868); Or, The coordinates of the 8 constellation points are (0, 0.20834), (-0.48172, 1.04269), (0.96344, 0.20834), (0.48172, 1.04269), (-0.48172, -0.62600), (0.96344, 0.20834), (0.48172, 0.62600) and (0, -1.45841).

15. The method of claim 12, wherein, The modulation order of the first codebook is 4, and the X is 16; The coordinates of the 16 constellation points are (0.94868, 0.94868), (0.94868, 0.31623), (0.94868, -0.94868), (0.94868, -0.31623), (0.31623, 0.94868), (0.31623, 0.31623), (0.31623, -0.94868), (0.31623, -0.31623), (-0.94868, 0.94868), (-0.94868, 0.31623), (-0.94868, -0.94868), (-0.94868, -0.31623), (-0.31623, 0.94868), (-0.31623, 0.31623), (-0.31623, -0.94868) and (-0.31623, -0.31623); Or, The coordinates of the 16 constellation points are (0, 1.18294), (0.58553, -1.18330), (-0.58553, 0.84540), (-1.17107, 0.50699), (0.58553, 0.84540), (-1.17107, -0.16895), (0, 0.50699), (-0.58553, 0.16885), (-0.58553, -1.18382), (0, -0.84490), (1.17107, -0.16895), (0.58553, -0.50676), (1.17107, 0.50699), (-0.58553, -0.50676), (0.58553, 0.16885) and (0, -0.16895).

16. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 15, characterized in that, The first constellation map is composed of the X constellation points, or the first constellation map is obtained by rotating the X constellation points based on an origin; The X constellation points have a first accuracy of coordinates, the first constellation has a second accuracy of coordinates, and the second accuracy is determined based on the first accuracy.

17. The method of claim 10, wherein, The first signaling includes a first matrix, a modulation order of the first codebook is determined based on the first matrix, the first matrix includes M rows and N columns, M rows of the first matrix are used to indicate M time-frequency resources, N columns of the first matrix are used to indicate N terminal devices, a non-zero element in the first matrix is used to indicate a modulation order of a codebook, a first non-zero element in the first matrix is used to indicate the modulation order of the first codebook, and the M and the N are positive integers.

18. A communications device, characterized by comprising means or units for performing the method of any one of claims 1 to 9, or comprising means or units for performing the method of any one of claims 10 to 17.

19. A communications device, characterized by comprising: a processor configured to execute a program, so that the communication device performs the method of any one of claims 1 to 9, or so that the communication device performs the method of any one of claims 10 to 17.

20. A computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 9, or cause the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 10 to 17.

21. A computer program product comprising instructions which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 9, or cause the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 10 to 17.

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