Building-applicable paper with flexible perovskite attached thereon, and device having power conversion mechanism

Abstract

The present invention provides a building-applicable paper with flexible perovskite attached thereon, and a device having a power conversion mechanism. The building-applicable paper with the flexible perovskite attached thereon can realize power generation by means of the flexible perovskite, and the flexible building-applicable paper can be directly adhered to architectural glass or building exterior walls. The building-applicable paper comprises a flexible substrate and a perovskite photovoltaic functional layer formed on one side surface of the flexible substrate. The other side surface of the flexible substrate can be adhered to a surface of architectural glass or a building exterior wall. The building-applicable paper with the flexible perovskite attached thereon can be adhered to the surface of the architectural glass or building exterior wall, depending on scenario requirements, to form photovoltaic glass or a photovoltaic exterior wall having a photovoltaic power generation function. This solution provides the possibility of assembling a photovoltaic power generation device to architectural glass and building exterior walls, facilitates reducing the quality costs during manufacturing and the maintenance costs during use, and also provides a readily acceptable and broadly applicable photovoltaic renovation solution on existing architectural glass and building exterior walls.

Description

Building adhesive paper pasted with flexible perovskite and device with power conversion mechanism TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to perovskite solar cell technical field, specifically relates to building adhesive paper pasted with flexible perovskite and device with power conversion mechanism. BACKGROUND

[0002] The harm caused by global warming is getting worse and worse. According to authoritative media reports, if the use of petrochemical and coal power is not controlled and reduced, the high temperature of the earth after 2070 will make human beings unable to survive. Therefore, developing economic, practical, clean and efficient power generation materials is the top priority in dealing with global warming. In March 2022, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development issued the "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan for Building Energy Conservation and Green Building Development", which clearly proposes to complete more than 350 million square meters of energy-saving renovation of existing buildings by 2025, build more than 50 million square meters of ultra-low energy consumption and near-zero energy consumption buildings, and the proportion of prefabricated buildings in new urban construction will reach 30% by 2025. The target of new building photovoltaic installed capacity is more than 5000 million kilowatts, that is, the average annual new installed capacity will reach 1000 million kilowatts by 2025.

[0003] According to the data released by the Shanghai Energy Consumption Detection Platform in 2023, the annual total electricity consumption of 2231 public buildings connected to the platform is 105.3 billion kWh, of which office buildings, shopping mall buildings, comprehensive buildings and tourist hotel buildings account for as high as 83.0%. According to the annual electricity consumption of 85.1 degrees / m2 of office buildings, the annual electricity consumption of a 30,000 square office building will reach 2553000 degrees. Combined with the latest carbon emission factor of 0.5703 kg CO2 / degree, the annual carbon emissions of this building will reach 1456 tons.

[0004] Using solar cell technology on buildings is an effective way to make full use of installation space, promote self-power supply of buildings, and reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions. It not only can reduce the energy consumption of new buildings, but also can be applied to stock buildings to reduce energy consumption through modification. The application of flexible solar cells is conducive to the transformation of the building industry to green and low-carbon green buildings.

[0005] The prior art such as CN118251096A has disclosed a perovskite solar cell structure formed on a hard substrate. The finished product is an integrated structure of a glass substrate and a perovskite solar cell. Similar products can be developed for building power generation energy saving and carbon reduction. However, due to the integrated structure of the glass substrate and the perovskite solar cell, the manufacturing and application costs are relatively high. On the one hand, during the preparation of the perovskite solar cell on the glass substrate, it is limited by the preparation process, and some defective products will be produced. The defective products occupy the cost of the glass substrate and the material and manufacturing cost of the perovskite solar cell in the integrated structure, which means the increase of the quality cost in the manufacturing stage. On the other hand, during the installation and use, the damage or failure of the glass substrate or the perovskite solar cell will lead to the unavailability of the integrated structure as a whole, resulting in the increase of the maintenance cost. Moreover, similar integrated structures can only be applied by replacing the existing glass building materials and the like in a large-scale application, and the replacement cost is higher than the modification on the basis of the existing glass building materials and the like.

[0006] Utility model content

[0007] In order to provide a building photovoltaic power generation solution with small technical modification resistance, low cost and wide range of promotion, the application provides a building adhesive paper for pasting flexible perovskite and a device with a power supply conversion mechanism.

[0008] The technical scheme of the utility model provides a building adhesive paper for pasting flexible perovskite, which can generate electricity by using flexible perovskite and can be directly pasted on building glass and building outer walls.

[0009] Preferably, a switcher capable of automatically balancing building grid power is superimposed, and the switcher is used to realize power supply switching between the grid power and the building adhesive paper.

[0010] Preferably, the building adhesive paper has a flexible substrate, and a perovskite photovoltaic functional layer is formed on one side of the flexible substrate.

[0011] Preferably, the exposed side surface of the flexible substrate can be pasted on the surface of the building glass and the building outer wall.

[0012] Preferably, the switcher comprises a local power supply module, a grid power connection control circuit, a switching switch and a grid power conversion circuit.

[0013] The switching switch has two input contacts and one output contact, and the output contact is connected with the load. The two input contacts are a grid power input contact and a local input contact respectively. The grid power input contact is electrically connected to the grid power conversion circuit, and the grid power conversion circuit is electrically connected to the grid power grid. The local input contact is electrically connected to the local power supply port of the local power supply module.

[0014] The net electricity takeover control circuit has an input terminal for detecting the state of the local power supply port and an output terminal for controlling the switching switch to switch the path between the two input terminals;

[0015] The local power supply module comprises a battery pack, an access switch and a discharge control circuit;

[0016] The building adhesive paper has a one-way power supply branch for charging the battery pack and a main power supply branch for unidirectionally supplying power to the local power supply port of the local power supply module; the battery pack has a second power supply branch for unidirectionally supplying power to the local power supply port of the local power supply module, and the access switch is connected to the second power supply branch to control the on-off of the second power supply branch; the discharge control circuit has a second input terminal for detecting the state of the local power supply port and a second output terminal for controlling the switching of the access switch.

[0017] Preferably, the perovskite photovoltaic functional layer is covered with at least one encapsulation layer on the opposite side surface relative to the flexible substrate.

[0018] Preferably, the encapsulation layer is a nano-aluminum oxide layer or a parylene layer.

[0019] Preferably, the outer surface of the flexible substrate has a micro-nano structure which is pasted to the surface of the building glass or the building outer wall surface through intermolecular forces between the micro-nano structure and the surface of the building glass or the building outer wall surface.

[0020] Preferably, the micro-nano structure is a cylindrical protrusion formed on the surface of the flexible substrate, and the diameter of the cylindrical protrusion is 100-500 nanometers.

[0021] The technical scheme of the utility model further provides a device with a power supply conversion mechanism, comprising a building net electricity automatic balanceable switcher, the switcher is used for realizing power supply switching of net electricity and building adhesive paper;

[0022] The switcher comprises a local power supply module, a net electricity takeover control circuit, a switching switch and a net electricity conversion circuit;

[0023] The switching switch has two input terminals and one output terminal, and the output terminal is connected to the load; the two input terminals are a net electricity input terminal and a local input terminal respectively; the net electricity input terminal is electrically connected to the net electricity conversion circuit, and the net electricity conversion circuit is electrically connected to the net electricity grid; the local input terminal is electrically connected to the local power supply port of the local power supply module;

[0024] The net electricity takeover control circuit has an input terminal for detecting the state of the local power supply port and an output terminal for controlling the switching switch to switch the path between the two input terminals;

[0025] The local power supply module comprises a battery pack, an access switch and a discharge control circuit;

[0026] The building adhesive paper has a one-way power supply branch for charging the battery pack, and a main power supply branch for unidirectionally supplying power to the local power supply port of the local power supply module; the battery pack has a second power supply branch for unidirectionally supplying power to the local power supply port of the local power supply module, and the access switch is connected in the second power supply branch to control the on-off of the second power supply branch; the discharge control circuit has a second input end for detecting the state of the local power supply port and a second output end for controlling the switch of the access switch.

[0027] The flexible substrate of the building adhesive paper for pasting flexible perovskite has an adhesive function on its exposed surface, and can be pasted on the building glass and the building outer wall surface to form photovoltaic glass and photovoltaic outer wall with photovoltaic power generation according to the scene requirement. This scheme provides the possibility of assembling the photovoltaic power generation device to the building glass and the building outer wall, is conducive to reducing the quality cost in the manufacturing process and the maintenance cost in the use process, and provides a photovoltaic transformation scheme which is easy to accept and widely applied on the basis of the existing building glass and building outer wall. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] Fig. 1 is a structural schematic view of a photovoltaic power generation layer of the building adhesive paper for pasting flexible perovskite of the utility model;

[0029] Fig. 2 is an application schematic view of the building adhesive paper for pasting flexible perovskite of the utility model which can be pasted on the building glass and the building outer wall;

[0030] Fig. 3 is a structural schematic view of a switcher of the utility model.

[0031] In the drawings:

[0032] 1: photovoltaic power generation layer; 11: flexible substrate; 12: perovskite photovoltaic functional layer; 121: encapsulation layer; 2: building glass and building outer wall; 3: battery pack; 4: network electricity conversion circuit; 5: network electricity connection control circuit; 6: discharge control circuit; 7: switch; 8: access switch; 9: local power supply module; S: surface. Embodiment of the application

[0033] The patent type is described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments. In the specification, the sizes of the drawings do not represent the actual size ratio, and the drawings are only used to reflect the relative position relationship and connection relationship between the components, the components with the same name or the same label represent similar or identical structures, and are only for the purpose of illustration.

[0034] The building adhesive paper provided by the application is specifically a building adhesive paper with a flexible perovskite, which can be adhered to the surface of building glass and building outer walls. Generally, the photovoltaic power generation layer is mainly a flexible perovskite power generation layer. FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the building adhesive paper with a flexible perovskite according to the application. FIG. 2 is an application schematic diagram of the building adhesive paper with a flexible perovskite adhering to building glass and building outer walls. The photovoltaic power generation layer has a flexible substrate 11, and a perovskite photovoltaic functional layer 12 is prepared on one side surface of the flexible substrate 11. The other side surface of the flexible substrate 11 can be adhered to building glass and building outer walls after treatment. When the photovoltaic power generation glass and outer wall are applied, due to the existence of the adhesive function, the photovoltaic power generation layer 1 can be adhered to the building glass and building outer walls in a manner that the flexible substrate 11 is exposed to the surface, so as to realize the installation and fixation of the photovoltaic power generation layer 1.

[0035] The flexible substrate 11 of the photovoltaic power generation layer 1 is usually made of flexible polymer materials, including but not limited to PET film (polyethylene terephthalate film), PEN (polyethylene naphthalate film) and PI (polyimide film) and the like. The flexible substrate 11 is preferably made of flexible materials, so as to provide good deformation adhesion performance of the photovoltaic power generation layer 1, so that the photovoltaic power generation layer 1 can be adhered to the surface of the building glass and building outer wall 2 along the surface S of the building glass and building outer wall 2, and the bonding force with the surface S of the building glass and building outer wall is improved.

[0036] The one side surface of the flexible substrate 11 is exposed, and the adhesive function is realized by special treatment of the side surface. In the finished product of the photovoltaic power generation layer 1, the other side surface of the flexible substrate 11 forms the perovskite photovoltaic functional layer 12 through a suitable preparation process, and the perovskite photovoltaic functional layer 12 realizes the photovoltaic power generation function of the photovoltaic power generation layer 1. The perovskite photovoltaic functional layer 12 at least has a layered structure of a perovskite solar cell in the general sense. Such a layered structure belongs to the prior art, such as the layered structure provided in the prior application CN202410991636.0 of the applicant. Generally, the perovskite photovoltaic functional layer 12 at least has an electron transport layer, a perovskite layer and a hole transport layer formed in sequence to form a typical perovskite battery structure. In order to provide good protection ability and avoid corrosion and damage of foreign substances to the perovskite solar cell structure, the perovskite photovoltaic functional layer 12 further covers at least one encapsulating layer 121 on the opposite side surface relative to the flexible substrate 11.

[0037] The perovskite photovoltaic functional layer 12 in the photovoltaic power generation layer 1 is generally formed as follows. A transparent conductive layer (such as ITO, IWO, IZO, etc.) is prepared on the flexible substrate 11 by magnetron sputtering or a silver nanowire film is prepared as a bottom electrode by using a solution process (such as a spin coating, a blade coating, or a slot coating method), and then the preparation of other functional layers of the photovoltaic power generation layer 1 is sequentially completed. In the preparation of the several encapsulation layers 121 on the other side of the flexible substrate 11 relative to the perovskite photovoltaic functional layer 12, the following embodiments are provided. In the embodiments, the encapsulation layer 121 is a nanometer alumina layer prepared by a deposition process or a parylene (poly-p-xylylene) layer prepared by a deposition process. The thickness of the nanometer alumina layer is preferably 10-100 nanometers, and the thickness of the parylene layer is preferably 10-50 micrometers. On this basis, a multilayer encapsulation layer 121 can be formed in an alternating stack structure.

[0038] The adhesion function of the exposed surface of the flexible substrate 11 can be achieved by applying an adhesive on the exposed surface. However, in the application scenario of the present application, there can be potential problems. Most adhesives will have their performance reduced and may have a discoloration reaction under long-term exposure to light, thereby affecting the appearance of the device, the light transmission of the device, and the light conversion rate. More preferably, an adhesive-free adhesion scheme is provided. In this scheme, a micro-nano structure is prepared on the exposed surface of the flexible substrate 11, and the adhesion effect is achieved by the intermolecular force between the micro-nano structure and the molecules at the building glass and building outer wall surface S when the flexible substrate 11 is attached to the building glass and building outer wall surface S. This also provides the possibility of non-destructive peeling of the photovoltaic power generation layer 1 from the building glass and building glass 2.

[0039] The adsorption force between the photovoltaic power generation layer 1 and the building glass and building outer wall 2 can be controlled by designing the microstructure on the surface of the flexible substrate. The microstructure pattern can include but is not limited to geometric patterns such as triangles and cylinders, and the size and distribution density of the microstructure can be controlled by a designed template, thereby ensuring the required adsorption effect. Taking the cylindrical microstructure as an example, the diameter and spacing of a single cylindrical structure are controlled to be 100-500 nanometers, which can achieve the expected adhesion effect by enhancing the intermolecular force between the microstructure and the glass surface. The formed micro-nano structure can also enhance the scattering of light between the flexible substrate and the building glass and building outer wall surface, increase the light absorption of the flexible component, and thereby improve the efficiency of the flexible photovoltaic component. Compared with the method of fixing the flexible photovoltaic component to the building glass and building outer wall surface by using glue (such as ultraviolet curing glue), the photovoltaic power generation layer 1 provided by the scheme has the characteristic of being easily peeled off. Since the photovoltaic power generation layer 1 and the building glass and building outer wall 2 are combined together by intermolecular force, the adhesion photovoltaic component can be easily taken off from the building glass and building outer wall surface by applying a certain external force, which is convenient for replacing and maintaining the component.

[0040] One preparation scheme of the micro-nano structure of the exposed surface of the flexible substrate 11 is provided.

[0041] Using a customized nano-imprint template, PET, PEN, PI or other polymer solution is coated on the surface of the rigid substrate with micro-nano structure by solution processing technology (including: spin coating, blade coating, spraying, slot coating, etc.), vacuum-assisted, gradient annealing method, i.e. the pressure is kept below 10 Pa during the annealing process, annealing at 100 degrees Celsius for 20 minutes, 200 degrees Celsius for 10 minutes, and 300 degrees Celsius for 5 minutes, to ensure that the prepared polymer film is transparent and bubble-free, and to improve the success rate of micro-nano structure transfer.

[0042] And through the existing mature laser stripping technology process, the bond between the flexible polymer and the rigid substrate is destroyed, realizing the separation of the flexible substrate and the rigid substrate, and obtaining the photovoltaic power generation layer 1.

[0043] The obtained photovoltaic power generation layer 1 has a peelable protective layer on the exposed surface of the flexible substrate 11 with adhesive function, so as to protect the exposed surface of the flexible substrate 11 with adhesive function before use. When used, the protective layer is peeled off, and the building adhesive paper with flexible perovskite photovoltaic power generation layer 1 is pasted to the surface of the building glass and the building outer wall.

[0044] The building adhesive paper with flexible perovskite can be manufactured, transported independently of the building glass and the building outer wall 2, and combined by pasting when used. Moreover, the possibility of secondary peeling between the building adhesive paper with flexible perovskite and the building glass and the building outer wall 2 is provided. Generally, the building adhesive paper with flexible perovskite has no special requirements for the surface S of the building glass and the building outer wall 2. The building glass and the building outer wall 2 can also be ceramic tiles and other decorative panels and other materials.

[0045] The above-mentioned building adhesive paper with flexible perovskite, after being applied to the building glass and the building outer wall 2, can realize self-power supply of the building through photovoltaic power generation, reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions. Based on this, we provide a building grid power automatic balancing device with a power supply conversion mechanism, which includes a building grid power automatic balancing switcher, and the switcher is used to realize the power supply switching of the grid power and the building adhesive paper. Similarly, the photovoltaic power generation glass and the photovoltaic building outer wall with the switcher are also the technical solutions claimed in the present application.

[0046] The switcher includes a local power supply module 9, a grid power takeover control circuit 5, a switching switch 7, and a grid power conversion circuit 4.

[0047] The switch 7 has two input contacts, one output contact, and the output contact is connected to the load, and the two input contacts are the grid input contact and the local input contact respectively. The grid input contact is electrically connected to the grid conversion circuit 4, and the grid conversion circuit 4 is electrically connected to the grid. The local input contact is electrically connected to the local power supply port of the local power supply module 9.

[0048] The grid takeover control circuit 5 has an input end for detecting the state of the local power supply port and an output end for controlling the switch 7 to switch the path between the two input contacts.

[0049] The local power supply module 9 includes a battery pack 3, an access switch 8, and a discharge control circuit 6. The local power supply module 9 is powered by a building adhesive paper with a flexible perovskite, and the photovoltaic power generation layer 1 of the building adhesive paper has a one-way power supply branch for charging the battery pack 3, and a main power supply branch for unidirectional power supply to the local power supply port of the local power supply module 9. The battery pack 3 has a second power supply branch for unidirectional power supply to the local power supply port of the local power supply module 9, and the access switch 8 is connected in the second power supply branch to control the on-off of the second power supply branch. The discharge control circuit 6 has a second input end for detecting the state of the local power supply port and a second output end for controlling the switch of the access switch 8.

[0050] The discharge control circuit and the grid takeover control circuit are used to ensure the normal operation of the load under different weather conditions.

[0051] a. In the case of good light conditions, the photovoltaic power generation building adhesive paper is used as the main energy source to supply power to the load device and charge the battery pack. At this time, the grid takeover control circuit 5 connects the local input contact and the output contact according to the state of the local power supply port. The discharge control circuit 6 controls the access switch 8 to be open.

[0052] b. In the case of good light conditions, when the peak load is encountered, the battery pack and the solar cell array are combined to supply power to the load device. At this time, the grid takeover control circuit 5 connects the local input contact and the output contact according to the state of the local power supply port. The discharge control circuit 6 controls the access switch 8 to be closed.

[0053] c. In the case of poor light conditions, when the battery pack energy is sufficient, the battery pack is used as the main energy source to supply power to the load device. At this time, the grid takeover control circuit 5 connects the local input contact and the output contact according to the state of the local power supply port. The discharge control circuit 6 controls the access switch 8 to be closed.

[0054] d.In the case of poor lighting conditions and the output voltage of the battery pack energy source is reduced to the set value, the power supply switching is automatically realized by the network electricity takeover control circuit, and the load device is powered by the network electricity. At this time, the network electricity takeover control circuit 5 connects the network electricity input contact and the output contact according to the state of the local power supply port.

[0055] The above merely describes the preferred embodiments of the present patent type, and does not limit the scope of the present patent type. Without departing from the design spirit of the present patent type, various modifications and improvements to the technical solutions of the present patent type made by those skilled in the art shall fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present patent type.

Claims

1. A building sticker paper for pasting a flexible perovskite, characterized by, The flexible perovskite can generate electricity, and can be directly pasted on building glass and building outer wall.

2. The construction adhesive paper for pasting flexible perovskite according to claim 1, wherein, The switching device can automatically balance the building grid electricity, and is used for realizing power supply switching between the grid electricity and the building pasting paper.

3. The construction adhesive paper for pasting flexible perovskite according to claim 1, wherein, The building pasting paper has a flexible substrate, and a perovskite photovoltaic functional layer is formed on one side of the flexible substrate.

4. The construction adhesive paper for pasting flexible perovskite according to claim 1, wherein, The exposed side surface of the flexible substrate can be pasted on the surface of the building glass and the building outer wall.

5. The construction adhesive paper for pasting flexible perovskite according to claim 2, wherein The switching device comprises a local power supply module, a grid electricity takeover control circuit, a switching switch and a grid electricity conversion circuit. The switching switch has two input contacts and one output contact, and the output contact is connected with a load, and the two input contacts are a grid electricity input contact and a local input contact respectively; wherein the grid electricity input contact is electrically connected to the grid electricity conversion circuit, and the grid electricity conversion circuit is electrically connected to a grid electricity network; the local input contact is electrically connected to a local power supply port of the local power supply module. The grid electricity takeover control circuit has an input end for detecting the state of the local power supply port and an output end for controlling the switching switch to switch the path between the two input contacts; the local power supply module comprises a battery pack, an access switch and a discharge control loop; the building pasting paper has a one-way power supply branch for charging the battery pack, and a main power supply branch for unidirectionally supplying power to the local power supply port of the local power supply module; the battery pack has a second power supply branch for unidirectionally supplying power to the local power supply port of the local power supply module, and the access switch is connected in the second power supply branch to control the on-off of the second power supply branch; the discharge control loop has a second input end for detecting the state of the local power supply port and a second output end for controlling the access switch.

6. The construction adhesive paper for pasting flexible perovskite according to claim 3, wherein, The perovskite photovoltaic functional layer is covered with at least one encapsulation layer on the opposite side surface relative to the flexible substrate.

7. The construction adhesive paper for pasting flexible perovskite according to claim 6, wherein The encapsulation layer is a nano-aluminum oxide layer or a poly-p-xylylene layer.

8. The construction adhesive paper for pasting flexible perovskite according to claim 4, wherein, The outer surface of the flexible substrate has a micro-nano structure, which is pasted on the surface of the building glass or the building outer wall through intermolecular force.

9. The construction adhesive paper of claim 8, wherein the flexible perovskite is adhered by a pressure sensitive adhesive. The micro-nano structure is a cylindrical protrusion formed on the surface of the flexible substrate, and the diameter of the cylindrical protrusion is 100-500 nanometers.

10. An apparatus having a power conversion mechanism, characterized by The switching device can automatically balance the building grid electricity, and is used for realizing power supply switching between the grid electricity and the building pasting paper. The switching device comprises a local power supply module, a grid electricity takeover control circuit, a switching switch and a grid electricity conversion circuit. The switching switch has two input contacts and one output contact, and the output contact is connected with a load, and the two input contacts are a grid electricity input contact and a local input contact respectively; wherein the grid electricity input contact is electrically connected to the grid electricity conversion circuit, and the grid electricity conversion circuit is electrically connected to a grid electricity network; the local input contact is electrically connected to a local power supply port of the local power supply module. The grid electricity takeover control circuit has an input end for detecting the state of the local power supply port and an output end for controlling the switching switch to switch the path between the two input contacts; The local power supply module comprises a battery pack, an access switch and a discharge control loop; The building paper of any one of claims 1-9 has a unidirectional power supply branch for charging the battery pack, and a main power supply branch for unidirectional power supply to the local power supply port of the local power supply module; the battery pack has a second power supply branch for unidirectional power supply to the local power supply port of the local power supply module, and an access switch connected in the second power supply branch for controlling the on-off of the second power supply branch; the discharge control circuit has a second input end for detecting the state of the local power supply port and a second output end for controlling the switch of the access switch.

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