Device and method for generating a standing wave

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (1) and a method for generating a standing wave (100), the device comprising a structure (2) forming, in an upper part, a basin (3) having a water height (B), the basin generating a gravity-driven flow from upstream to downstream, and further comprising a plurality of zones connected successively, the plurality of zones comprising pumping means (40), a channel (50) having an opening (51) for discharging a spillway section (S), means for closing off the spillway section (S), and a zone for forming the wave (100), the zone for forming the standing wave having a maximum crest (102) height (H), a slope (103) inclination (P), a length (L), and a thickness (E) of a water cushion at the wave base (101); and further comprises means for managing the wave (100) by combined control of: the water height (B) in the basin (3); the power of the pumping means (40); and the closure of the spillway section (S), as a function of the water height (B) and the power.

Description

[0001] DEVICE AND METHOD FOR GENERATING A STATIONARY WAVE

[0002] TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0003] The present invention falls within the aquatic field of artificial generation of water currents and waves, and specifically aims at the generation of a standing wave.

[0004] It should be noted that, for the purposes of this invention, the term "standing wave" or "static wave" refers to a deformation of the water surface, without propagation, and which is therefore localized to a specific location. Such a standing wave forms due to the flow of water encountering a quantity of water known as "tail water," causing a slowing of the flow and generating a hydraulic jump phenomenon.

[0005] The wave height thus generated can be increased by the presence of a protruding obstacle, as well as other parameters such as the flow slope and the cross-section through which the water flows. Therefore, the crest of the standing wave remains roughly in the same location under constant marginal conditions, such as a defined flow velocity and obstacle height. The generation of a standing wave is thus regular and continuous. Such a standing wave is preferentially of the river type.

[0006] On a stationary wave, it is preferably possible to practice various water sports and leisure activities, such as surfing, for example using a surfboard or a bodyboard, or even a kayak, or inflatable flotation devices, such as a buoy.

[0007] STATE OF THE ART

[0008] Currently, the generation of a standing wave can be achieved artificially through a dedicated device, comprising a structure designed to float or be installed within a watercourse or body of water, or even independently, like a swimming pool. The structure is designed to float and be partially submerged, in order to be supplied with water from the said watercourse or body of water.

[0009] Such a structure forms a superior wave basin with an upstream end and a downstream end, connected together, in such a way as to generate a flow of water in a longitudinal direction from said upstream end to said downstream end.

[0010] In particular, the upstream end has a relative elevation compared to the downstream end, ensuring gravity-driven flow. Furthermore, this elevation imparts potential energy at the upstream end, which is converted into kinetic energy as the flow moves longitudinally from the top upstream to the bottom downstream. Additionally, at the downstream end, the basin stores a quantity of water, forming tailwater, which, upon encountering the outflow, generates a standing wave due to a hydraulic jump.

[0011] To achieve this, a known device comprises several zones, namely successively at least one supply zone, one discharge zone, one flow zone, one wave formation zone and one filtration zone located at the downstream end.

[0012] The catchment area includes a water supply from a natural source, such as a watercourse like a stream or river, or a body of water, notably through pumping. This catchment area is configured to supply a flow of water to the areas located downstream.

[0013] Regarding the discharge zone, it opens into the basin and ensures the water is released at the upstream end. This discharge also helps to calm the water, namely by reducing turbulence from the feed, in order to deliver a continuous and regular flow of water that is at least partially laminar.

[0014] Regarding the flow zone, it includes a downstream flow surface equipped with at least one essentially flat ramp. Furthermore, said ramp is inclined in a decreasing manner along the longitudinal direction.

[0015] This ramp thus imparts a laminar character to the water flow, meaning that the flow occurring against the ramp surface, outside of a laminar or turbulent boundary layer, follows a path along said surface without breaking or becoming agitated. Furthermore, laminar flow is a movement, particularly of water, in which little or no visible turbulence occurs.

[0016] It should be noted that, for the purposes of this invention, a surface is said to be "plane" when it lies between two imaginary parallel planes separated by a distance of approximately 0.15 mm (millimeter) to approximately 10 cm (centimeters), preferably from approximately 0.15 mm to approximately 5 cm, and more preferably from approximately 0.15 mm to approximately 3 cm. Furthermore, along a plane surface, the flatness tolerance between several points of said surface on either side of an imaginary longitudinal median plane is within the aforementioned intervals, preferably plus or minus 1 cm from said point.

[0017] Regarding the wave formation zone, it includes a through obstacle extending transversely to the longitudinal direction. This obstacle projects beyond the flow surface and is located downstream of the ramp, continuous with it through an interface, with a curved profile, so as to form a springboard to generate a standing wave downstream of said obstacle, in continuity with the ramp. In particular, said obstacle may include a deflector with a specific geometric profile and angle of attack to generate a standing wave with corresponding characteristics.

[0018] Furthermore, such a deflector can be fixed but is often adjustable, with a step-off edge on the obstacle surface between the upstream and downstream ends, in order to modify the characteristics of the generated wave. For example, increasing the angle of the deflector relative to the flow direction increases the wave height, and vice versa.

[0019] Regarding the filtration area, it includes a filtration surface, equipped with one or more openwork walls, in the form of a grid or mesh, with a dimension adapted to retain any object and ensuring the safety of users by keeping them inside the pool.

[0020] In particular, the filtration area is planned to increase along the longitudinal direction up to the downstream end, then acting as a beach to allow users to exit the pool.

[0021] In addition, said filtration zone extends in such a way as to soothe or calm the flow of water, after the standing wave formation zone.

[0022] Depending on an open configuration of the device, the filtration zone can open onto the aquatic surface of a body of water or a natural flow.

[0023] In another closed configuration, the filtration zone may include a downstream wall delimiting the basin. The device then incorporates a suction zone to recycle the water flow upstream, towards the supply zone.

[0024] In this case, the system structure includes at least one return channel, separate from the basin and connected to the suction zone, which communicates with the filtration zone, allowing water to be returned from downstream to upstream via the pumping equipment. The channel(s) are located below or to the sides of the basin, and thus connect the suction zone to the supply zone.

[0025] According to various existing embodiments, the pumping means can be located at the supply zone, the suction zone, and / or along each return channel. Furthermore, under the action of the pumping means, each channel can then form a pressurized conduit.

[0026] Furthermore, the pumping equipment is designed to ensure the upward movement of a column of water to the upstream end, for discharge through the evacuation zone. The pumping equipment therefore ensures reverse circulation within the system.

[0027] That being said, known devices include a supply zone communicating with an evacuation zone in the form of a chamber configured to straighten the flow, namely to limit its turbulence and to conform it at least partly to laminar flow, in particular by distributing the water flow equally over the entire width of the basin's flow zone.

[0028] Depending on the configuration, the chamber is designed to be open at the top, forming a diffuser for the water that supplies it, in the manner of a retention basin, allowing turbulence to be calmed.

[0029] In another configuration, the chamber can be open upstream or laterally, supplied by water from the watercourse.

[0030] According to another configuration, the chamber is provided closed, supplied via the return channel under the action of the pumping means and returning the water towards an evacuation opening leading to the flow zone.

[0031] Further on, at the level of the evacuation zone, the chamber can be provided downstream with a guide channel, constituting a straightener of the water flow, whose geometric profile and arrangement, in particular the inclination, allow the flow to be straightened and conformed at least partly in a laminar manner, in order to discharge it upstream towards the ramp.

[0032] In particular, the height of a water column is at least high enough to apply sufficient mass to generate a flow towards the channel. This channel is designed with a decreasing height from upstream to downstream, directing the flow towards the discharge opening, essentially in the longitudinal direction, where the water flow spills towards the ramp in the longitudinal direction.

[0033] Furthermore, the operation of such a device is achieved by a pressurization, namely that a sufficient mass of water is pumped into the chamber and forms a column sufficient for the water flow to be evacuated, causing a siphon effect, which partially maintains the circulation of the flow through the pumping means.

[0034] Furthermore, several guide plates can be arranged within the channel, across its entire cross-section. These plates can be positioned horizontally, vertically, and / or at an angle. They can be parallel and / or orthogonal to each other, as well as to the channel wall, so as to form a grid and separate the water flow into different layers as it passes through this arrangement of plates. They can also be inclined relative to each other at an angle, the relative inclination of which is determined to straighten the flow and reduce turbulence.

[0035] At the level of the drainage opening, the drainage area is equipped with a rim to divert the water flow towards the drainage area. Such a rim may, in particular, be shaped as an offset or recess, directed downwards, forming a step.

[0036] Furthermore, the drainage opening can be fitted at the top with a vertically positioned blade. This blade has a straight or beveled lower edge, smoothing the surface of the water flow and delivering a laminar flow along the ramp of the drainage area.

[0037] Furthermore, such a blade can be adjustable, particularly vertically or rotationally, to influence the delivered water flow. Specifically, the vertically adjustable blade allows control of the amount of water delivered through the discharge opening by raising or lowering the opening's height, or even lowering it to close the discharge opening completely, especially when the device is under load.

[0038] That being said, one problem with existing devices lies in their fixed configuration, with fixed dimensions of the structure and the different zones, making it complex to generate waves of varying sizes, especially to adapt to different levels of user practice.

[0039] In particular, the degree of inclination of the ramp is fixed, being an integral part of the structure, preventing it from being modified to impact the generated wave due to a higher or lower slope.

[0040] Therefore, known devices use a change in pump power to increase or decrease the water supply flow rate, proportionally impacting the flow rate and respectively increasing or decreasing the wave height.

[0041] However, the increased flow rate results in a high laminar flow velocity along the ramp, but especially at the wave foot before the wave forms due to the obstacle. This high wave foot velocity creates a dense and fast-moving sheet of water, making it more difficult for a user to maneuver.

[0042] As mentioned previously, one solution is to adjust the profile and angle of attack of the obstacle's deflector. However, this adjustment must be extremely precise and makes it complex to manage in conjunction with variations in pump power and, consequently, flow rate.

[0043] Furthermore, it has been observed that the laminar flow along the ramp, directly following the obstacle, creates a curvature at the base of the wave, making certain water sports difficult to practice. In particular, when surfing, the nose of the board is very close to the ramp, with a very low height above the water's surface, often causing the surfer to fall when the nose touches the surface of the flowing water.

[0044] A known device for generating a standing wave is described in document EP3610098, in which, once the device is charged, i.e. filled with a sufficient quantity of water put into circulation with a given flow rate, management of said flow rate by means of pumping towards the opening of the evacuation zone, as well as variation of the height of the blade, allows to modify a single parameter of the wave thus generated at the level of the obstacle at the end of the ramp, namely the height.

[0045] However, such a device only provides approximate control over the size of the wave generated.

[0046] DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0047] The invention aims to overcome the limitations of the prior art by offering an improved generation of a standing wave, allowing for the shaping of several characteristics of said wave, particularly to adapt it to different skill levels of users, depending on their age, body type and physical abilities, skills, and also their equipment, namely the types of surfboards. In particular, it is possible to precisely modify the height of the wave crest thus generated, but above all the slope of its incline and the thickness of the water at the base of the wave directly in front of it, by maintaining or varying the flow rate to maintain or increase / decrease the speed of the flow under the surfer's board.

[0048] To achieve this, the invention involves modifying the water level in the basin, specifically in an area downstream of the generated wave, such as the filtration or suction zone. This modification of the water level allows for the adjustment of the tail water, impacting the hydraulic jump, which in turn allows for the control of the wave's inclination as it passes over the obstacle.

[0049] Furthermore, depending on the downstream water level, the pump power is adjusted to deliver a specific water flow rate to the discharge point. In particular, it is possible to obtain a larger wave with a lower water flow rate and velocity in front of the wave. It is also possible to increase or decrease the wave's angle while maintaining other characteristics.

[0050] Depending on the pump flow rate, the blade height is configured to specifically close the discharge opening. In addition to smoothing the discharged flow, the blade then allows for upstream control, directly at the discharge point, of the amount of water discharged, thereby modifying the thickness and velocity of the water in the wave footpad downstream.

[0051] Thus, by managing these different wave-specific parameters in a specific way, the invention makes it possible to act on several characteristics of the generated stationary wave, ensuring the formation of several types of waves, in particular four categories corresponding to several different levels of user practice, from a beginner level to a confirmed competitor level.

[0052] Furthermore, by eliminating the need for a variable deflector at the obstacle, the invention provides an obstacle with only a fixed edge on its release edge, simplifying the parameterization of the generated wave, but above all eliminating the need for maintenance of a moving and submerged part, while making the practice safer for users.

[0053] Combined, the invention provides for increasing the interface between the ramp and the obstacle, in the form of a specific elongation, increasing the length of the water mattress and the wave foot, while maintaining a flow velocity suitable for the practice, regardless of the characteristics of the wave generated.

[0054] According to a first aspect, the invention relates to a device for generating a standing wave, comprising a structure forming a wave basin with an upstream end and a downstream end connected to each other, the upstream end having a relative elevation with respect to the downstream end, so as to generate a gravitational flow of water in a longitudinal direction from said upstream end to said downstream end; said structure being closed by a downstream wall and said basin having an internal volume filled with a certain height of water; said structure comprising, connected successively from upstream to downstream, at least:

[0055] - a water supply zone equipped with pumping means delivering a water flow determined according to the power of said pumping means;

[0056] - an evacuation zone with a channel communicating with said supply zone, said channel having an evacuation opening with a discharge section: i) said channel comprising a geometric profile ensuring guidance of the flow delivered by the pumping means, and at the level of the evacuation opening, a straightener in the form of an arrangement of guide plates according to a specific arrangement, shaping the water flow in at least partially laminar form; ii) said evacuation opening comprising means for at least partially closing its discharge section;

[0057] - a flow zone in the form of a ramp extending from the evacuation opening in an inclined and decreasing manner along said longitudinal direction, said ramp generating a laminar flow;

[0058] - a wave formation zone connected to said ramp at an interface and provided with a vertically projecting obstacle, forming a springboard for generating a standing wave extending in the longitudinal direction from a wave foot to a crest, with characteristics chosen from at least: a) a maximum crest height; b) a slope inclination; c) a length; d) a thickness of a water mattress located at the wave foot; - a filtration zone connected to the wave formation zone behind the obstacle and provided with at least one perforated wall inclined increasingly in said longitudinal direction;

[0059] - a suction zone communicating at least partially beneath the filtration zone and connected to the supply zone via a return channel under the action of the pumping means; characterized in that it comprises

[0060] - means of managing the characteristics of said wave by combined control of: j) the water height of said basin; jj) the power of the pumping means; jjj) the closure of the discharge section of the evacuation opening as a function of said water height and said power.

[0061] According to additional characteristics, the device includes at the level of said downstream wall, at least one ballast with an internal volume and equipped with means for transferring a quantity of water from the internal volume to said basin, and vice versa.

[0062] According to one embodiment, said sealing means comprise at least one blade mounted movable vertically, from a low position of sealing the evacuation opening to a high position, via intermediate positions, and vice versa.

[0063] Furthermore, said management means ensure a degree of closure of the discharge section of the evacuation opening proportional to the power of the pumping means, for a determined water flow delivered by said pumping means, by controlling the vertical position of said blade.

[0064] According to one embodiment, said interface is provided to be flat and extends horizontally or substantially horizontally between the ramp and the obstacle; said interface forming an extension of a water mattress of the laminar flow located at the level of the wave foot.

[0065] According to one embodiment, said interface has a length between 40 cm and 3 m, preferably a length between 60 cm and 2 m.

[0066] According to a second aspect, the invention also relates to a method for generating a standing wave, comprising at least the following steps:

[0067] - a flow of water is circulated within a basin with a water height, in a longitudinal direction from upstream to downstream, by supplying it by means of a pump delivering a flow of water to a channel with a flow rate determined according to the power of said pump;

[0068] - the said water flow is guided along the channel with a geometric profile and guide plates, so as to form a water flow at least partly laminar sent towards an evacuation opening with a spillway section; - at the level of the said evacuation opening, the said water flow is smoothed superiorly by means of a blade closing the spillway section of the said evacuation opening;

[0069] - after said drainage opening, said water flow flows at least by gravity and in a laminar manner along a ramp inclined in a decreasing manner along said longitudinal direction;

[0070] - a stationary wave is formed at the level of an obstacle connected to said ramp by means of an interface, said obstacle being vertically salient with respect to said ramp, said wave having a wave foot and a crest, as well as characteristics chosen from: a) a maximum crest height; b) an inclination of the slope; c) a length; d) a thickness of a water mattress located at the level of the wave foot;

[0071] - the water flow after the wave is drawn in and sent back upstream; characterized in that

[0072] - we manage the characteristics of said wave by combined control of: j) the water height of said basin; jj) the power of the pumping means; jjj) the closure of the discharge section of the evacuation opening as a function of said water height and said power.

[0073] According to additional, non-limiting characteristics, the water level of said basin is modified by means of an internal volume of ballast and by transferring a quantity of water from the internal volume of said ballast to said basin, and vice versa.

[0074] According to one embodiment, said transfer of said quantity of water is carried out from the internal volume of said ballast to said basin, or vice versa, in particular over a period of less than 2 minutes.

[0075] According to one embodiment, a degree of closure of the discharge section of the evacuation opening is managed proportionally to the power of said pumping, for a water flow determined by said pumping, by controlling a vertical position of the blade mounted movable in closure of the evacuation opening.

[0076] According to one embodiment, the channel is primed by filling it with combined control of: j) the pumping power; jj) the closure of the discharge opening; and then, once primed, the quantity of water discharged from said channel is managed by controlling at least jjj) the increase in the discharge opening's cross-section. Preferably, the method allows for the implementation of the device to generate a standing wave according to the invention.

[0077] Other advantageous embodiments will become apparent from the following description, figures, and dependent claims. The various features of the described embodiment are not limited to that embodiment but can be combined with each other and with other features to create further embodiments.

[0078] PRESENTATION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0079] Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments of the invention, with reference to the accompanying figures, in which: Figure 1 schematically represents a perspective view of an embodiment of a device for generating a standing wave; Figure 2 schematically represents a view along a longitudinal vertical section of an embodiment of the device, for a first water height in the basin, highlighting in particular different areas of the structure and the circulation of the water flow within said device; Figure 3 schematically represents a view along a vertical section of another embodiment of the device, equipped with a ballast, for a second lower water height in the basin;Figure 4 schematically represents a vertical cross-sectional view of superimposed standing waves of different levels of practice; Figure 5 schematically represents a vertical cross-sectional view of a standing wave generated within the device, highlighting in particular different characteristics of said wave; Figure 6 schematically represents a perspective view of an embodiment, showing in particular partially the supply area equipped with a box and a cone; and Figure 7 schematically represents a vertical cross-sectional view of a corresponding embodiment, showing in particular the supply area equipped with a vertical pump with a box and a cone under an inlet, as well as the evacuation area.

[0080] DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0081] As a preliminary matter, it should be noted that, for the purposes of this invention, the terms "before," "after," and "behind" are to be understood with respect to a longitudinal flow direction AA', that is, from upstream to downstream. Indications of relative position, such as "above" and "below," are to be understood, unless otherwise specified, vertically, that is, along the axis of gravity. The term "horizontal" or "horizontally" is to be understood as orthogonal to said vertical axis of gravity. Indications of relative position, such as "right" and "left," are to be understood, unless otherwise specified, laterally on either side along the longitudinal direction from upstream to downstream.

[0082] The term "transverse" means, unless otherwise indicated, in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction AA' and horizontally or substantially horizontally.

[0083] The "height" extends along the direction of the axis of gravity.

[0084] The "width" extends transversely, namely perpendicular to the axis of gravity and perpendicular to the direction of flow, namely horizontally and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.

[0085] The "length" extends along the longitudinal direction.

[0086] That being said, the invention aims at the generation of a stationary wave 100, hereinafter "wave 100", by circulating and flowing a flow of water from upstream to downstream, until it encounters a quantity of water, called "tail water", forming said wave 100 under the effect of a hydraulic jump phenomenon.

[0087] A wave 100 thus generated presents a waveform, extending from a low point forming a wave foot 101 to a high point forming a crest 102, with a slope 103 extending from the wave foot 101 and said crest 102 from an increasing change in the flowing water surface.

[0088] Such a wave has several characteristics, some of which, within the scope of the present invention, are selected from: a) a maximum crest height H 102, extending vertically between the surface of the wave foot 101 and the crest 102; b) an inclination P of the slope 103, namely at an angle to the horizontal; c) a length L, extending from the beginning of the slope 103 (i.e. from the end of the wave foot 101 or from the inflection point) to the crest 102 (i.e. to the top of the wave 101); d) a thickness E of a water mattress located at the level of the wave foot 101, namely a distance extending vertically from the surface along which the water flows to the flowing water surface.

[0089] It should be noted that the aforementioned characteristics can be considered based on average values ​​over a given period of time, or in relation to a maximum value. These values ​​can be measured or estimated.

[0090] Furthermore, the inclination P of the slope 103 can be expressed as a degree of inclination, namely a ratio between the length L of the wave 100 and the maximum height H of the crest 102. This inclination P of the slope 103 can be considered as an average or by taking the maximum value.

[0091] A representation of these characteristics can be seen in particular in figure 5.

[0092] According to a first aspect, the invention relates to a device 1 for generating a stationary wave 100. Such a device 1 comprises a structure 2 forming at its upper end a wave basin 3 100 with an upstream end 30 and a downstream end 31, connected to each other. Furthermore, the upstream end 30 has a relative elevation with respect to the downstream end 31, namely that the upstream end 30 is located higher than the downstream end 31 in a given frame of reference.

[0093] Such a configuration allows the generation of a gravity flow of water along a longitudinal direction AA' from said upstream end 30 to said downstream end 31, due to the difference in elevation between the ends 30,31.

[0094] Further on, said structure 2 is planned to be closed by a downstream wall 20. In other words, downstream, the water does not exit structure 2 from the rear.

[0095] In addition, the structure 2 also includes other walls, such as an upstream wall 21 closing the upstream end 30 and lateral walls 22 closing each side, as well as below a wall forming a bottom 23. These walls 20, 21, 22, 23 delimit at least in part said basin 3, open at the top, which has an internal volume intended to be filled with a quantity of water, defining a height B of water within said basin 3. Such a height B of water of the basin 3 is understood to be vertically from a point of the structure 2 to the surface of the water.

[0096] Depending on the specific embodiment, structure 2 may be designed to be floating or installed within a watercourse or body of water, of the "outdoor" type, or installed independently, of the "indoor" type. In particular, structure 2 may be designed to be floating and partially submerged, in order to receive its water supply from said watercourse or body of water.

[0097] A representation of different water heights B of basin 3 is notably visible in figures 2 and 3.

[0098] Further on, said structure 2 comprises several zones connected successively from upstream to downstream. These zones perform various functions in the circulation, flow, and recycling of the water flow. These zones are among the following, described in a non-exhaustive manner.

[0099] Upstream, located at the upstream end 30, structure 2 includes a water supply zone 4, which provides water to device 1, with a quantity of water ensuring the filling of basin 3, as well as other zones. Additional water can also be supplied during the operation of device 1 to maintain a sufficient quantity of water, and to modify this quantity according to needs.

[0100] As mentioned previously, such a water supply can come from a natural source, such as a body of water or a stream, or from a water supply network. Supply zone 4 then includes appropriate means to ensure the water supply from said source or network. Furthermore, supply zone 4 ensures, at least partially, the circulation of the water flow within structure 2, as well as the filling of various zones.

[0101] To achieve this, said supply zone 4 is equipped with pumping means 40 delivering a water flow determined according to the power of said pumping means 40.

[0102] In particular, the pumping means 40 include one or more pumps 41 located at said supply zone 4, as well as possibly other pumps located within other zones of structure 2.

[0103] According to one embodiment, the pumping means 40 comprise one or more pumps 41 distributed transversely in a single row according to the width of the supply zone 4 of the structure 2. In particular, the number of pumps 41 is proportional to the wave width to be generated, notably one pump 41 to generate a wave width 41 of 2 m. According to a preferred embodiment, the pumping means 40 comprise five pumps 41 which are distributed to pump a water flow sufficient to generate a wave over a width of approximately 10 m (meters) within the device 1 or eight pumps 41 to generate a wave over a width of approximately 16 m (meters).

[0104] Further on, the pumps 41 are arranged and oriented vertically, ensuring vertical pumping from an inlet 410 from a lower suction chamber 42 to an outlet 411 opening into the upper supply zone 4.

[0105] In particular, each of the pumps 41 is provided with technical specifications, including a determined suction width, in particular a suction width of at least 2.4 m. Given that the device 1 is dimensioned in relation to the width of 10 m of the wave to be generated, the invention provides for an optimization of the suction chamber 42, making it possible to limit to 2 m the suction width dedicated to each pump 41, while ensuring the proper functioning of each of the pumps 41.

[0106] To this end, the suction chamber 42 includes, at the inlet 410 of each of the pumps 41, a design shaped to increase the circulation of the pumped water. In one embodiment, the suction chamber 42 includes a box 420 under each of the pumps 41, the box 420 defining a space under each inlet 410. Several boxes 420 thus divide the suction chamber 42.

[0107] Furthermore, such a caisson 420 has a vertical or substantially vertical wall extending straight longitudinally along a first section 421 from downstream to upstream, and then curved along a second section 422. In particular, the second section 422 forms a rounded wall partially surrounding the corresponding inlet 410 on the upstream side. These sections 421 and 422 provide specific guidance within the caisson 420 for the flow generated by the pumping of each pump 41, particularly by limiting turbulence and cavitation phenomena. Specifically, the straight shape of the first section 421 directs the flow towards the second section 422, whose curved shape directs the flow in rotation, to correspond with the direction of rotation of the turbine(s) equipping each pump 41.

[0108] Furthermore, each chamber 420 includes at its base a cone 423, or truncated cone, centered below the inlet 410 of the corresponding pump 41. Such a cone 423 has a lower base that is wider than its upper apex. The conical shape of the cone 423 ensures specific, swirling guidance, combined with the flow guided in rotation by the second curved section 422. In particular, the shape of the cone 423 guides the pumped flow along a three-dimensional spiral that narrows from the bottom upwards to the inlet 410 of the corresponding pump 41.

[0109] In addition, in order to improve circulation within each chamber 420, the suction chamber 42 includes a ceiling 424 decreasing from downstream to upstream, in particular at least along the first section 421 of said chamber 420.

[0110] Such a design of the suction chamber 42 with its box 420 and its cone 423 is shown in figures 6 and 7.

[0111] Thus, the pumping means 40 and the particular design of the suction chamber 42 make it possible to reduce the footprint of the structure 2, with a limited number of pumps 41, compared to installations requiring a larger number of pumps, distributed over one or more rows, requiring larger dimensions of the structure 2, to generate a wave which has an approximate or substantially identical width.

[0112] According to the invention, structure 2 further includes a discharge zone 5, ensuring the discharge of a water flow from the supply zone 4 downstream. This discharge zone 5 includes a channel 50 communicating with said supply zone 4. In short, the channel 50 is connected to the outlet 41 of each of the pumps 41. Moreover, said channel 50 extends across the entire width of structure 2.

[0113] Furthermore, said channel 50 has a discharge opening 51 with a discharge area S. In particular, said discharge area S corresponds to the height of said discharge opening 51 and extends vertically or substantially vertically from a lower wall 52 of said channel 50 to a maximum of an upper wall 53. This discharge area S can be reduced, notably by suitable means, as described below.

[0114] Furthermore, the channel 50 includes a geometric profile ensuring guidance of the flow delivered by the pumping means 40. In particular, the profile of the channel 50 is designed to converge from upstream to downstream, namely from the outlet 411 of each of the pumps 41 towards the discharge opening 51, with the vertical cross-section decreasing. This reduction in the height of the channel 50 allows for a gradual decrease in the turbulence generated at the outlet 411 of the pumps 41, in order to redirect the flow along the longitudinal direction A-A'. In addition, the lower wall 52 is preferably sloped downwards, creating a gradient that improves the gravity flow from the outlet 411 towards the discharge opening 51.

[0115] A representation of the geometric profile and the reorientation of the flow along channel 50 is visible in Figure 7.

[0116] The said channel 50 further includes, at the level of the discharge opening 51, a straightener 54 in the form of an arrangement of guide plates 540 according to a specific arrangement, shaping the water flow in at least partially laminar fashion.

[0117] According to one embodiment, the guide plates 540 form a mesh, extending along the longitudinal direction A-A', through which the water flow passes. Such a mesh may comprise an arrangement of plates extending horizontally or substantially horizontally, preferably inclined, along a determined slope, in particular parallel to one or both of the walls 52, 53 of the channel 50. Consequently, the guide plates 540 separate the water flow passing through them into different layers.

[0118] Furthermore, said mesh may include other plates 541 extending vertically, allowing the flow to be directed laterally and serving in particular as spacers for the guide plates 540 and improving the structural rigidity of the entire rectifier 54 over the width of the device 1.

[0119] Such a configuration of the rectifier 54 is notably visible in figure 6.

[0120] Further on, said evacuation opening 51 includes means for at least partially closing its discharge section S.

[0121] In one embodiment, the closing means comprise at least one blade 510 mounted movable from a low position closing the discharge opening 51 to a high position, via intermediate positions, and vice versa. In particular, in the low position, the blade 510 completely closes the discharge opening 51. In the high position, the blade 510 is flush with the upper wall 53 of the channel 50, or extends below it. Furthermore, in the high position, as well as in intermediate positions, the lower edge of the blade 510 smooths the surface of the discharged water, improving the laminar flow thus imparted.

[0122] In one embodiment, the blade 510 is mounted vertically, namely through a vertical or substantially vertical translation. The raising or lowering of the blade 510 to different positions determines the degree of obstruction of the discharge opening 51, modifying its discharge cross-section S.

[0123] According to another embodiment, said blade 510 is mounted mobile in rotation, namely according to different angular positions, from the vertical corresponding to the lower position in closing the evacuation opening 51, up to an extreme angular position corresponding to the upper position, in particular at 90°, preferably in alignment and continuity with the upper wall 53 of the channel 50, via the intermediate positions, and vice versa.

[0124] Thus, the said movable blade 510, through its different positions, allows the blocking of the section of the evacuation opening 51 to be managed and, proportionally, the quantity of water flowing downstream.

[0125] According to the invention, the structure 2 further comprises a flow zone 6 in the form of a ramp 60. This ramp 60 extends from the discharge opening 51 in an inclined and decreasing manner along the longitudinal direction A-A'. In other words, the ramp 60 forms a descending floor on and along which the water discharged from the discharge opening 51 flows. Consequently, during operation, the ramp 60 generates a laminar flow, due to the control of the closure of the discharge opening 51, as well as the upstream straightener 54.

[0126] Structure 2 further includes a wave formation zone 7 connected to said ramp 60 at an interface 8. It is within this formation zone 7 that the laminar flow from ramp 60 transforms into a stationary wave 100.

[0127] To achieve this, the wave formation zone 6 is equipped with a vertically projecting obstacle 70, namely that it protrudes from the upper face of the interface 8. This obstacle 70 therefore forms a springboard for the generation of the wave 100.

[0128] Furthermore, said obstacle 70 is formed solely and integrally by the wall of the training zone 7, at a point where it extends downwards from a maximum height, particularly vertically or substantially vertically, creating an edge on said diving board. In other words, obstacle 70 has no moving parts at its distal end, thus minimizing the risk of injury and eliminating the need for maintenance of such a submerged component.

[0129] As mentioned previously, said wave 100 thus generated extends along the longitudinal direction A-A'. Furthermore, said wave 100 extends from its wave foot 101 located at the junction between the interface 8 and the obstacle 70, in particular from an inflection point corresponding to the beginning of the protrusion of said obstacle 70, to a crest 102 located behind and downstream of said obstacle 70.

[0130] Furthermore, as mentioned previously, wave 100 includes several characteristics, some of which are chosen from at least; a) a maximum crest height H 102; b) an inclination P of the slope 103; c) a length L; d) a thickness E of a water mattress located at the level of the wave foot 101.

[0131] Regarding interface 8, which connects the bottom of ramp 60 to obstacle 70, it maintains a laminar flow while preserving the characteristics of the generated wave 100. In particular, interface 8 maintains a specific thickness E of the water mat at the base of wave 101 over a defined length, thus facilitating the experience for users, notably by increasing the space between the nose of the board and the water surface flowing along ramp 60 and / or along interface 8.

[0132] According to one embodiment, said interface 8 is provided to be flat and extends horizontally or substantially horizontally between the ramp 60 and the obstacle 70. Said interface then forms an extension of the water mattress of the laminar flow at the level of the wave foot 101.

[0133] In particular, the length of interface 8 is at least sufficient to provide the said space between the nose of the board and the surface of the water, but also at most to ensure the continuity of the flow of the stream, while maintaining its laminar character, in order to generate the wave 100 then downstream at the level of the obstacle 70.

[0134] According to a preferred embodiment, said interface 8 has a length between 40 cm and 3 m, preferably a length between 60 cm and 2 m.

[0135] According to one embodiment, as seen in figures 1 to 3, the structure 2 may include a platform 71, located downstream after the obstacle 70. Such a platform 71 extends horizontally or substantially horizontally, over a determined length intended to be sufficient for the formation of the wave 100, in particular from said obstacle to its crest 102.

[0136] Furthermore, platform 71 forms a floor at this level of pool 3, located above the bottom 23 of structure 2. This floor provides a corresponding volume to hold the amount of water forming the tail stream, necessary for creating the hydraulic jump effect. In addition, this floor improves user safety by limiting the water depth at this level of pool 3, despite the turbulence and speed following wave 100. This limited water depth is sufficient to reduce the risk of impact or collisions for users in the event of a fall.

[0137] According to the invention, the structure 2 further comprises a filtration zone 9 connected to the wave formation zone 7 behind the obstacle 70 and provided with at least one perforated wall 90.

[0138] This perforated wall 90 serves as a filtration surface, in the form of one or more grids or mesh, with dimensions adapted to retain any object and ensure user safety by keeping them within the basin 3. Furthermore, the perforated nature of the wall 90 is also designed to calm the water flow after the wave formation zone 7. In other words, the size of the openings within the perforated wall 90 reduces the turbulence of the water flow as it passes through it. Moreover, this perforated wall 90 is inclined at an increasing angle along the longitudinal direction A-A4, meaning that it rises after the obstacle 70 from upstream to downstream, up to the downstream wall 20. Thus, the inclined wall 90 allows users to easily exit pool 3, the said downstream wall 20 then acting as a beach, like the surroundings of a swimming pool.

[0139] According to a corresponding embodiment, said perforated wall 90 rises from the downstream end of platform 71.

[0140] According to the invention, the structure 2 further comprises a suction zone 10 communicating at least partially under the filtration zone 9 and connected to the feed zone 4, via a return channel 11 under the action of the pumping means 40. In other words, the return channel 11 extends under the floor formed by the other zones 5, 6, 7, 8, and communicates at the downstream end 31 with the filtration zone 9, under the perforated wall 90, as well as at the upstream end 30 with the feed zone 4, in particular the feed chamber 42.

[0141] According to one embodiment, the channel 11 has one or more pipes, preferably under pressure, due to the suction of the pumping means 40 located on the upstream side at the level of said suction chamber 42.

[0142] According to a corresponding embodiment, the return channel 1 is located in the extension and opens at the level of the box 420, in particular at the level of its first section 421.

[0143] Thus, channel 1 ensures the return of water from downstream to upstream, under basin 3, in order to supply water via supply zone 4, evacuation zone 5 and other downstream zones.

[0144] Such a return path is represented in a global way in figures 2 and 3.

[0145] Advantageously, the invention provides for shaping said wave 100, by modifying its characteristics, in particular to adapt it to different levels of user practice.

[0146] It should also be noted that the invention aims at generating a stationary wave 100 within a device 1 when it is in charge, namely filled with a determined quantity of water and when a flow of water is already circulating along said device 1.

[0147] The invention therefore excludes variations in the characteristics of the wave 100 generated when the device 1 is put into operation, in particular during its filling as well as during the start of the circulation of the flow within it.

[0148] In summary, wave 100 is modeled once the water flow within device 1 is stabilized, with predetermined parameters. These parameters are then precisely controlled to manage several characteristics of the wave 100 thus generated. To this end, device 1 includes means for managing the characteristics of said wave 100 through combined control of several parameters, including: j) the water level B of said basin 3; jj) the power of the pumping means 40; jjj) the closure of the discharge section S of the evacuation opening 51 as a function of said water level B and said power.

[0149] It should be noted that the water height B of basin 3 can be determined from a wall of structure 2, such as the bottom 23, or in relation to basin 3, in particular in relation to the surface of platform 71 in the corresponding embodiment.

[0150] Figures 2 and 3 show a water height B of basin 3 determined in relation to the surface of said platform 71.

[0151] Thus, by managing the aforementioned parameters together, it is possible to impact the characteristics of the generated wave 100.

[0152] Figure 4 shows several superimposed examples of 100 waves with different characteristics, each adapted to a different user practice. In particular, from bottom to top, a first wave 110 has a flattened curve, with a low maximum height H, suitable for beginner users; a second wave 111 has a similar profile, with a greater maximum height H, for beginner to advanced users; a third wave 112 has a thicker water surface and a greater length L, with a less pronounced slope P 103, particularly for artistic practice, such as freestyle; a fourth wave 113 has a significant length L, with a steep slope P 103 and a greater maximum height H, for expert users and sports training.

[0153] Further on, management is carried out by synchronously and appropriately controlling the aforementioned parameters, in order to modify the characteristics of the generated wave 100, according to the needs.

[0154] Firstly, the water level B of basin 3 can be increased or decreased, impacting the amount of tailwater and consequently the hydraulic surge effect. In particular, the water level B of basin 3 can be decreased to a minimum height, below which water flow circulation is no longer ensured within device 1, to a maximum height above which the generated wave 100 and / or water flow would exit basin 3 and structure 2, or would exceed the maximum power of the pumping equipment 40.

[0155] Device 1 is therefore equipped with suitable means, allowing the water height B of basin 3 to fluctuate.

[0156] In one embodiment, the internal volume of basin 3 can be modified by means of movable walls of structure 2. Thus, by increasing or decreasing the volume of basin 3, the water depth B is proportionally modified. Similarly, the internal volume of basin 3 can be modified by inflatable means located submerged, particularly within the suction zone 10. These inflatable means may be in the form of submerged tubes, positioned below the minimum depth, in particular inflated by a pressurization system, notably with compressed air. Thus, their inflation or deflation reciprocally decreases or increases the internal volume of basin 3 and proportionally the water depth B.

[0157] According to another embodiment, the quantity of water contained within device 1 can be modified via an external source, with an adapted supply and drainage.

[0158] According to a preferred embodiment, the device 1 comprises, at the downstream wall 20, at least one ballast 12 with an internal volume and equipped with means 13 for transferring a quantity of water from the internal volume to the basin 3, and vice versa. These transfer means may include suitable pumps and piping connecting the ballast 12 to the basin 3.

[0159] Figure 3 shows a structure 2 equipped with ballast 12 provided within said downstream wall 20.

[0160] Furthermore, depending on the water level B in basin 3, the flow circulation within device 1 is affected and must be adjusted. To achieve this, the management system includes controlling the power of the pumping equipment 40.

[0161] In particular, for a higher water height B, it is necessary to increase the flow rate and, consequently, the power of the pumps 41, and vice versa.

[0162] Furthermore, with an adjustable flow rate delivered by the pumping means 40, it is necessary to adapt the quantity of water exiting through the discharge opening 51. In particular, for a higher flow rate corresponding to an increase in the power of the pumps 41, the cross-sectional area S of the discharge opening 51 must be increased proportionally, while for a lower flow rate, it must be closed proportionally.

[0163] According to the corresponding embodiment, namely when the device 1 is equipped with the movable blade 510, said control means ensure a degree of closure of the discharge section S of the discharge opening 51 proportionally to the power of the pumping means 40, for a determined water flow delivered by said pumping means 40, by controlling the vertical position of said blade 510. In other words, said control means control the movement of said blade 510 between its positions, to increase or decrease the discharge section S, relative to the flow delivered by the pumps 41.

[0164] Therefore, it is necessary to manage at least the aforementioned parameters precisely, synchronously, and consistently in order to modify the characteristics of the wave 100 thus generated and maintain them for reproducibility over time. Alternatively, the management means can be of any type and form, including the integration of hardware or software automation, to control the various parameters mentioned above, notably by sending commands to corresponding actuators, for example, to control valves on the ballast transfer means 13, cylinders for moving the blade 510, and / or the motorization and power of the pumps 41.

[0165] According to another aspect, the invention relates to a method for generating a stationary 100 wave.

[0166] Such a process can preferably be provided for the implementation of device 1, according to one and / or the other of the embodiments described above.

[0167] According to the invention, said process comprises several non-limiting steps, as described below.

[0168] According to a first step, a flow of water is circulated within a basin 3 with a water height B, in a longitudinal direction AA' from upstream to downstream, by supplying it by means of a pump delivering to a channel 50 a flow of water with a flow determined according to the power of said pump.

[0169] Preferably, the circulation is carried out from the supply zone 4 by means of pumping 40, from an inlet 410 at the level of the suction chamber 42 to the outlet 411 communicating with said channel 50 of the evacuation zone 5.

[0170] According to another step, said water flow is guided along a channel 50 with a geometric profile and guide plates 540, in particular in the form of the straightener 54, so as to form a water flow at least partly laminar sent towards an outlet opening 51 with a spillway section.

[0171] According to another step, at the level of said evacuation opening 51, said water flow is smoothed superiorly by means of a blade 510 closing the discharge section of said evacuation opening 51.

[0172] According to another step, after said evacuation opening 51, said water flow flows at least by gravity and in a laminar manner along a ramp 60 inclined in a decreasing manner along said longitudinal direction A-A'.

[0173] According to another step, a stationary wave 100 is formed at the level of an obstacle 70 connected to said ramp 60 via an interface 8. In particular, said obstacle 70 is vertically salient with respect to said ramp 60, and especially with respect to the upper face of the interface 8.

[0174] As mentioned previously, the circulation takes place once device 1 is charged, namely filled with a determined quantity of water, sufficient for the flow put into circulation to ensure the generation of a stable stationary wave 100.

[0175] As mentioned previously, said wave 100 thus generated includes a wave foot 101 and a crest 102, as well as characteristics chosen from: a) a maximum height H of crest 102; b) an inclination P of slope 103; c) a length L; d) a thickness E of a water mattress located at the level of the wave foot 101.

[0176] In another step, the water flow after wave 100 is drawn in and sent back upstream. Specifically, the return is carried out through the aforementioned channel 11, under the action of the pumping equipment 40.

[0177] Advantageously, the process provides for managing the characteristics of said wave 100 by combined control of: j) the height B of water of said basin 3; jj) the power of the pumping means 41; jjj) the closure of the discharge section S of the evacuation opening 51 as a function of said height B of water and said power.

[0178] According to one embodiment, the method involves modifying the water level B of said basin 3 by altering the internal volume of the structure 2, in particular by increasing or decreasing the internal volume of said basin 3, notably the internal volume of the suction zone 10. Such a modification of the internal volume of basin 3 can be achieved, in particular, by means of submerged inflatable devices, the inflation or deflation of which respectively reduces or enlarges said volume, proportionally increasing or decreasing the water level B.

[0179] According to a preferred embodiment, the process involves modifying the water height B of said basin 3, by means of an internal volume of a ballast 12 and by transferring a quantity of water from the internal volume of said ballast 12 to said basin 3, and vice versa.

[0180] According to one embodiment, said transfer of said quantity of water is carried out from the internal volume of said ballast 12 to said basin 3, or vice versa, in a limited period of time, preferably over a period of less than 2 minutes.

[0181] In one embodiment, the degree of occlusion of the discharge section S of the evacuation opening 51 is managed proportionally to the pumping power, for a water flow rate determined by the pumping, by controlling the vertical (or angular) position of a blade 510 mounted to articulate and occlude the discharge opening 51. In short, the position of the blade 510 completely or partially occludes the discharge opening 51, or even leaves it fully open, thus modifying its cross-section S and proportionally allowing a corresponding quantity of water to pass through.

[0182] In particular, the degree of occlusion of section S of the discharge opening 51 depends on the flow rate of the pumps 41, i.e., their pumping power. It is therefore necessary to manage the degree of occlusion and the position of the blade 510 according to the flow rate delivered by the pumps 41. Furthermore, for a given flow rate, the degree of occlusion of section S of the discharge opening 51, through control of the position of the blade 510, makes it possible to influence the thickness E of the wave foot mattress 101, as well as the velocity along said wave foot 101, particularly along the interface 8.

[0183] Furthermore, the water height B of basin 3, particularly downstream at platform 71, determines the inclination P of the slope 103 of wave 100, for a given flow rate.

[0184] Depending on a given configuration of device 1, including the sizing of structure 2 and pumping means 40, a pumping power allows a water flow rate of between 5 and 25 m 3 / s (cubic meters per second), for example a water flow rate between 10 and 17.5 m 3 / s (cubic meters per second) for a 10 m wave (meters). The flow rate therefore only has value for a unit of wave width.

[0185] Thus, by managing at least the aforementioned parameters in a synchronized and concordant manner, the characteristics of the generated wave 100 are affected in a reproducible way.

[0186] According to another embodiment, when the device 1 is put into operation, a filling of the channel 50 is carried out by combined control of: j) the power of the pumping, namely of the pumping means 40; jj) the closure of the discharge section S of the evacuation opening 51.

[0187] This start-up includes, beforehand, filling device 1 with a sufficient quantity of water.

[0188] In particular, the section S is reduced in relation to the flow rate of the pumps 41, to ensure an appropriate filling of said channel 50 by the outlet 41 1, namely that the flow rate generated by the pumps 41 is greater than the quantity of water pouring through the opening 51.

[0189] Preferably, the sealing of section S is carried out completely, until channel 50 is completely filled, as well as the part located above exit 41 1.

[0190] Then, once in charge, the speed of water discharged from said channel 50 is managed by controlling at least the increase in the discharge section S of the evacuation opening 51.

[0191] Thus, the pressurization by filling channel 50 creates a storage of potential energy which, under the effect of gravity flow, during discharge through the outlet 51, particularly by raising the blade 510, generates kinetic energy along the ramp 60. Furthermore, this discharge creates a siphon effect, under the action of pumping, which partially maintains circulation within device 1. This siphon effect allows, after pressurization, a reduction in pumping power, while maintaining the same water flow rate at the outlet 51, as long as channel 50 remains pressurized. In the event of a decrease in pressure, it is then possible to control the increase in pumping power, while managing the degree of closure of the opening 51, in order to maintain pressurization and circulation along device 1.

[0192] Thus, the invention, through its device 1 and its method for generating a stationary wave 100, by controlling said parameters, makes it possible to precisely modify several characteristics of said wave 100, adapting it to different activities and practices in relation to the needs and level of different users.

Claims

25 DEMANDS 1. Device (1) for generating a stationary wave (100), comprising a structure (2) forming at its upper end a wave basin (3) with an upstream end (30) and a downstream end (31) connected together, the upstream end (30) having a relative elevation with respect to the downstream end (31) so as to generate a gravity flow of water in a longitudinal direction (AA 1 ) from said upstream end (30) to said downstream end (31); said structure (2) being closed by a downstream wall (20) and said basin (3) having an internal volume filled with a height (B) of water; said structure (2) comprising, connected successively from upstream to downstream, at least: - a water supply zone (4) equipped with pumping means (40) delivering a water flow determined according to the power of said pumping means (40); - an evacuation zone (5) with a channel (50) communicating with said supply zone (4), said channel (50) having an evacuation opening (51) with a discharge section (S): i) said channel (50) comprising a geometric profile ensuring guidance of the flow delivered by the pumping means (40), and at the level of the evacuation opening (51), a straightener (54) in the form of an arrangement of guide plates (540) according to a specific arrangement, shaping the water flow in at least partially laminar fashion; ii) said evacuation opening (51) comprising means for at least partially closing its discharge section (S); - a flow zone (6) in the form of a ramp (60) extending from the discharge opening (51) in an inclined and decreasing manner along said longitudinal direction (AA 1 ), said ramp (60) generating a laminar flow flow; - a wave formation zone (7) connected to said ramp (60) at an interface (8) and provided with a vertically projecting obstacle (70), forming a springboard for generating a stationary wave (100) extending along the longitudinal direction (AA 1 ) from a wave foot (101) to a crest (102), with characteristics chosen from at least; a) a maximum crest height (H) (102); b) an inclination (P) of the slope (103); c) a length (L); d) a thickness (E) of a water mattress located at the wave foot (101); - a filtration zone (9) connected to the wave formation zone (7) behind the obstacle (70) and provided with at least one perforated wall (90) inclined in an increasing manner along said longitudinal direction (AA 1 ) ; - a suction zone (10) communicating at least partially beneath the filtration zone (9) and connected to the supply zone (4) via a return channel (11) under the action of the pumping means (11); characterized in that it comprises - means of managing the characteristics of said wave (100) by combined control of: j) the height (B) of water of said basin (3); jj) the power of the pumping means (40); jjj) the closure of the discharge section (S) of the evacuation opening (51) as a function of said height (B) of water and said power.

2. Device (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that it comprises - at the level of said wall (31) downstream, at least one ballast (12) with an internal volume and equipped with means (13) for transferring a quantity of water from the internal volume to said basin (3), and vice versa.

3. Device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - said sealing means comprise at least one blade (510) mounted movably vertically, from a low position for sealing the discharge opening (51) to a high position, via intermediate positions, and vice versa; and in that - said management means ensure a degree of closure of the discharge section (S) of the evacuation opening (51) proportional to the power of the pumping means (40), for a determined water flow delivered by said pumping means (40), by control of the vertical position of said blade (510).

4. Device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said interface (8) is provided to be flat and extends horizontally or substantially horizontally between the ramp (60) and the obstacle (70); said interface (8) forming an extension of a water mattress of the laminar flow located at the level of the wave foot (101). 7 5. Device (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that said interface (8) has a length between 40 cm and 3 m, preferably a length between 60 cm and 2 m.

6. A method for generating a standing wave (100), comprising at least the following steps: - a flow of water is circulated within a basin (3) with a water height (B), along a longitudinal direction (AA 1) from upstream to downstream, by supplying by means of a pump delivering to a channel (50) a flow of water with a flow rate determined according to the power of said pump; - said water flow is guided along the channel (50) with a geometric profile and guide plates (540), so as to form a water flow at least partly laminar sent towards an outlet opening (51) with a discharge section (S); - at the level of said evacuation opening (51), said water flow is smoothed superiorly by means of a blade (510) closing the discharge section (S) of said evacuation opening (51); - after said drainage opening (51), said water flow flows at least by gravity and in a laminar manner along a ramp (60) inclined in a decreasing manner along said longitudinal direction (AA 1 ) ; - a stationary wave (100) is formed at the level of an obstacle (70) connected to said ramp (60) via an interface (8), said obstacle (70) being vertically salient with respect to said ramp (60), said wave (100) having a wave foot (101) and a crest (102), as well as characteristics chosen from: a) a maximum crest height (H) (102); b) an inclination (P) of the slope (103); c) a length (L); d) a thickness (E) of a water mattress located at the level of the wave foot (101); - the water flow after the wave (100) is drawn in and sent back upstream; characterized in that - we manage the characteristics of said wave (100) by combined control of: j) the height (B) of water of said basin (3); jj) the power of the pumping; jjj) the closure of the discharge section (S) of the evacuation opening (51) as a function of said height (B) of water and said power.

7. A method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the water height (B) of said basin (3) is modified by means of an internal volume 28 of a ballast (12) and by transferring a quantity of water from the internal volume of said ballast (12) to said basin (3), and vice versa.

8. Method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that said transfer of said quantity of water is carried out from the internal volume of said ballast (12) to said basin (3), or vice versa, in particular over a period of less than 2 minutes.

9. Method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that a degree of closure of the discharge section (S) of the discharge opening is managed proportionally to the power of said pumping, for a water flow determined by said pumping, by controlling a vertical position of the blade (510) mounted movable in closure of the discharge opening (51).

10. A method according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that - a pressurization is carried out by filling the channel (50) by combined control of: j) the pumping power; jj) the closure of the discharge section (S) of the evacuation opening (51) then, once pressurized, - we manage the quantity of water discharged from said channel (50) by controlling at least jjj) the increase in the discharge section (S) of the discharge opening (51) of evacuation.

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