Solar cell module and manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

One embodiment of the present invention provides a solar cell manufacturing method and a solar cell module manufactured thereby, the method comprising the steps of: arranging solar cells; forming a string with the arranged solar cells; and connecting cross connectors to both sides of the string, wherein the solar cells include a first solar cell and a second solar cell, the first solar cell being located inside the string and the second solar cell being located outside the string.

Description

Solar cell module and method of manufacturing the same

[0001] The present invention relates to a solar cell module and a method for manufacturing the same.

[0002] Solar cells convert solar energy into electrical energy using the photoelectric conversion effect, and a single solar cell produces a small amount of power, approximately a few watts (W). Therefore, to obtain the desired output, a waterproof solar cell module is used, in which multiple solar cells are arranged and aligned in a specific pattern, connected in series or parallel.

[0003] Solar cell modules typically have glass on the front, an EVA sheet on the back, and string lines installed. Additionally, EVA and a backsheet are placed on the back of the cells to protect them, and a lamination process is carried out. After lamination is complete, a junction box containing wiring for extracting electricity to the outside is attached to the module, and a frame is attached to facilitate installation or provide protection.

[0004] Meanwhile, there is also a glass-to-glass type solar cell module that improves durability and allows both sides of the solar cell module to contribute to power generation. The glass-to-glass type solar cell module is formed by bonding a first glass plate, an encapsulant, a solar cell, an encapsulant, and a second glass plate.

[0005] In a conventional solar cell module as described above, in order to output power generated by the solar cell to the outside, a method is used to extract the power to the outside of the solar cell module through a bus bar and an interconnection ribbon formed on the solar cell and a lead wire. At this time, a string placed on the solar cell can be electrically connected to the interconnection ribbon, and a soldering process may be performed for such electrical connection. In the soldering process, a high temperature may be applied for several seconds to solder the string and the bus bar or interconnection, and at this time, the high temperature heat applied to the bus bar or interconnection may be conducted to the solar cell through the string.

[0006] Meanwhile, perovskite solar cells are gaining attention as a key next-generation technology, but these perovskite solar cells are susceptible to heat. When high temperatures are applied to perovskite solar cells, damage such as the decomposition of perovskite crystals can occur, leading to serious performance degradation and reduced reliability.

[0007] An embodiment of the present invention can prevent a decrease in the reliability and efficiency of a solar cell module by minimizing damage to the solar cell caused by heat applied to the solar cell through the string during the soldering process for making the string of the solar cell module.

[0008] An embodiment of the present invention for achieving the above-described purpose discloses a method for manufacturing a solar cell module, comprising the steps of arranging a solar cell, forming a string with the arranged solar cell, and connecting cross connectors to both sides of the string, wherein the solar cell comprises a first solar cell and a second solar cell, and the first solar cell is located on the inside of the string and the second solar cell is located on the outside of the string.

[0009] Another embodiment of the present invention for achieving the above-described purpose discloses a method for manufacturing a solar cell module, comprising the steps of: arranging a solar cell; applying a conductive member to the arranged solar cell; forming a string with the arranged solar cell; and connecting cross connectors to both sides of the string, wherein the solar cell comprises a first solar cell and a second solar cell, the first solar cell is located on the inside of the string, and the second solar cell is located on the outside of the string.

[0010] Another embodiment of the present invention for achieving the above-described purpose discloses a solar cell module comprising a plurality of solar cell strings electrically connected in series, wherein a first solar cell is disposed on the inner side and a second solar cell is disposed on the outer side, and a cross connector disposed on both sides of the solar cell strings electrically connecting the solar cell strings in parallel.

[0011] A solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention can prevent a decrease in the reliability and efficiency of the solar cell module by minimizing damage to the solar cell caused by heat applied to the solar cell through the string ribbon during the soldering process for string production, by arranging a second solar cell with excellent heat resistance on the outside and a first solar cell on the inside. In addition, the first solar cell, which is vulnerable to moisture, can be moved away from the end of the solar cell module, thereby minimizing deterioration caused by moisture penetration.

[0012] FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0013] FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view illustrating an example of a solar cell string manufactured by the manufacturing method of FIG. 1.

[0014] FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view illustrating an example of a solar cell module manufactured by the manufacturing method of FIG. 1.

[0015] FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view illustrating an example of a solar cell string manufactured by the manufacturing method of FIG. 4.

[0017] An embodiment of the present invention for achieving the above-described purpose discloses a method for manufacturing a solar cell module, comprising the steps of arranging a solar cell, forming a string with the arranged solar cell, and connecting cross connectors to both sides of the string, wherein the solar cell comprises a first solar cell and a second solar cell, and the first solar cell is located on the inside of the string and the second solar cell is located on the outside of the string.

[0018] The first solar cell comprises a perovskite solar cell, and the second solar cell may comprise a silicon solar cell.

[0019] The above cross connector may be coated with a solder alloy.

[0020] The above solder alloy may include one or more selected from SnPb, SnPbAg, SnPbBi, SnAg, SnAgBi, SnAgCu, SnBi, and SnCu.

[0021] The area of ​​the second solar cell may be 30% to 70% of the area of ​​the first solar cell.

[0022] In the step of connecting the cross connector, the cross connector and the plurality of strings can be electrically connected to each other in parallel through a soldering process.

[0023] Another embodiment of the present invention for achieving the above-described purpose discloses a method for manufacturing a solar cell module, comprising the steps of: arranging a solar cell; applying a conductive member to the arranged solar cell; forming a string with the arranged solar cell; and connecting cross connectors to both sides of the string, wherein the solar cell comprises a first solar cell and a second solar cell, the first solar cell is located on the inside of the string, and the second solar cell is located on the outside of the string.

[0024] The first solar cell comprises a perovskite solar cell, and the second solar cell may comprise a silicon solar cell.

[0025] The above cross connector may be coated with a solder alloy.

[0026] The above solder alloy may include one or more selected from SnPb, SnPbAg, SnPbBi, SnAg, SnAgBi, SnAgCu, SnBi, and SnCu.

[0027] The area of ​​the second solar cell may be 30% to 70% of the area of ​​the first solar cell.

[0028] In the step of connecting the cross connector, the cross connector and the plurality of strings can be electrically connected to each other in parallel through a soldering process.

[0029] Another embodiment of the present invention for achieving the above-described purpose discloses a solar cell module comprising a plurality of solar cell strings electrically connected in series, wherein a first solar cell is disposed on the inner side and a second solar cell is disposed on the outer side, and a cross connector disposed on both sides of the solar cell strings electrically connecting the solar cell strings in parallel.

[0030] The first solar cell comprises a perovskite solar cell, and the second solar cell may comprise a silicon solar cell.

[0031] The above solar cell string further includes a plurality of conductive connecting members disposed on the front or rear of the solar cell, and further includes a string ribbon electrically connected to the plurality of conductive connecting members, and the string ribbon can be electrically connected to the cross connector.

[0032] The first solar cell and the second solar cell each have a conductive member applied to at least one region, and the regions on which the conductive member is applied are in contact with each other and can be electrically connected in series.

[0033] The above conductive member may include an ECA (Electrically Conductive Adhesive).

[0034] The above cross connector may include one coated with a solder alloy.

[0035] The above solder alloy may include one or more selected from SnPb, SnPbAg, SnPbBi, SnAg, SnAgBi, SnAgCu, SnBi, and SnCu.

[0036] The area of ​​the second solar cell may be 30% to 70% of the area of ​​the first solar cell.

[0037] The present invention is capable of various modifications and may have various embodiments; specific embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and described in detail in the detailed description. The effects and features of the present invention, and the methods for achieving them, will become clear by referring to the embodiments described below in detail together with the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below but can be implemented in various forms.

[0038] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. When describing with reference to the drawings, identical or corresponding components are given the same reference numerals, and redundant descriptions thereof will be omitted.

[0039] In the following embodiments, terms such as first, second, etc. are used not in a limiting sense, but for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another component.

[0040] In the following examples, singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0041] In the following embodiments, terms such as "include" or "have" mean that the features or components described in the specification are present, and do not preclude the possibility that one or more other features or components may be added.

[0042] In the drawings, the size of components may be exaggerated or reduced for convenience of explanation. For example, the size and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are depicted arbitrarily for convenience of explanation, so the present invention is not necessarily limited to what is illustrated.

[0043] Where an embodiment can be implemented differently, a specific process sequence may be performed differently from the order described. For example, two processes described consecutively may be performed substantially simultaneously or proceed in the reverse order of the description.

[0044] One embodiment and another embodiment of the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a solar cell module, and yet another embodiment of the present invention relates to a solar cell module. Various examples of the method for manufacturing a solar cell module and the solar cell module are schematically illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 5.

[0045]

[0046] FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view illustrating an example of a solar cell string manufactured by the method of FIG. 1.

[0047] Referring to FIG. 1, a method for manufacturing a solar cell module may include the step of arranging solar cells (S11), the step of forming a string with the arranged solar cells (S12), and the step of connecting cross connectors to both sides of the string (S13).

[0048] Referring to FIG. 2, in the step (S11) of arranging solar cells, the solar cells may include a first solar cell (110) and a second solar cell (120). At this time, a plurality of first solar cells (110) may be arranged in series, and a second solar cell (120) may be arranged on both sides of the first solar cells (110) arranged in series.

[0049] Meanwhile, the first solar cell (110) may include a perovskite solar cell, and the second solar cell (120) may include a silicon solar cell.

[0050] At this time, the second solar cell (120) including the silicon solar cell can be manufactured with an area of ​​30% to 70% of the area of ​​the first solar cell (110) including the perovskite solar cell. Meanwhile, in order to minimize electrical loss due to the connection of heterogeneous solar cells, it may be necessary to match the short-circuit current between the solar cells, and the crystalline silicon solar cells placed at both ends can be manufactured with an area of ​​30% to 70% of the perovskite / silicon tandem solar cell located in the middle so that the short-circuit current can be matched.

[0051]

[0052] In the step (S12) of forming a string with the arranged solar cells, to electrically connect a plurality of first solar cells (110) arranged in series and a second solar cell (120) arranged on both sides of the first solar cell (110), a plurality of conductive connecting members may be arranged on the first solar cell (110) and the second solar cell (120) connected in series, and a string ribbon (130) connected to the plurality of conductive connecting members may be included.

[0053] The conductive connecting member may include a wire and a busbar electrode comprising a conductive metal, and as a specific example, the wire may include a form in which a solder alloy is coated on a core of a conductive metal. In this case, the conductive metal may include one or more selected from gold (Au), silver (Ag), copper (Cu), and titanium (Ti).

[0054] Meanwhile, perovskite solar cells have excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency as next-generation solar cells, but they can be vulnerable to heat and moisture, so damage caused by heat may occur during the soldering process described later. However, the method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention can prevent the perovskite solar cell from being damaged by heat during the soldering process by forming a solar cell string by placing a silicon solar cell with excellent heat resistance on the outside of the perovskite solar cell.

[0055] In the step (S13) of connecting cross connectors to both sides of the string, a string ribbon (130) connected to a plurality of conductive connecting members disposed on the solar cell string to electrically connect the first solar cell (110) and the second solar cell (120) in series can be electrically connected to cross connectors (140) disposed on both sides of the string. At this time, the surface of the cross connector (140) can be coated with a solder alloy so that it can be electrically connected to the string ribbon (130) by a soldering process through heat treatment at 100°C to 200°C.

[0056] At this time, when heat is applied to the cross connector (140) and the string ribbon (130) by the soldering process, the heat can be conducted through the conductive connecting member connected to the string ribbon (130) and applied to the solar cell. If a perovskite solar cell is placed near the cross connector (140), the heat conducted through the conductive connecting member may be applied, and the heat-sensitive perovskite solar cell may be damaged. However, the solar cell module according to the embodiment of the present invention can prevent the perovskite solar cell from being damaged by the heat conducted through the conductive connecting member during the soldering process by placing a silicon solar cell with excellent heat resistance on the outer side of the solar cell string, that is, between the perovskite solar cell and the cross connector (140).

[0057] Meanwhile, the solder alloy coated on the surface of the cross connector (140) may include, for example, one or more selected from SnPb, SnPbAg, SnPbBi, SnAg, SnAgBi, SnAgCu, SnBi, and SnCu, and may include SnPbBi as an optional embodiment.

[0058] When SnPbBi is included as a solder, it can be soldered to the string ribbon (130) through heat treatment at 100°C to 140°C during the soldering process.

[0059] FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view illustrating an example of a solar cell module manufactured by the manufacturing method of FIG. 1.

[0060] Referring to FIG. 3, by connecting cross connectors (140) to both sides of a solar cell string in which a first solar cell (110) and a second solar cell (120) are electrically connected in series, a plurality of solar cell strings can be electrically connected to each other in parallel, thereby enabling the manufacture of a solar cell module composed of a plurality of solar cells connected in series and in parallel, respectively.

[0061] FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view illustrating an example of a solar cell string manufactured by the method of FIG. 4.

[0062] Referring to FIG. 4, a method for manufacturing a solar cell module may include the steps of placing solar cells (S21), applying a conductive material to the placed solar cells (S22), forming a string with the placed solar cells (S23), and connecting cross connectors to both sides of the string (S24).

[0063] Referring to FIG. 5, in the step (S21) of arranging solar cells, the solar cells may include a first solar cell (210) and a second solar cell (220). At this time, a plurality of first solar cells (210) may be arranged in series, and a second solar cell (220) may be arranged on both sides of the first solar cells (210) arranged in series.

[0064] Meanwhile, the first solar cell (210) may include a perovskite solar cell, and the second solar cell (220) may include a silicon solar cell.

[0065] At this time, the second solar cell (220) including the silicon solar cell can be manufactured with an area of ​​30% to 70% of the area of ​​the first solar cell (210) including the perovskite solar cell. Meanwhile, in order to minimize electrical loss due to the connection of heterogeneous solar cells, it may be necessary to match the short-circuit current between the solar cells, and the crystalline silicon solar cells placed at both ends can be manufactured with an area of ​​30% to 70% of the perovskite / silicon tandem solar cell located in the middle so that the short-circuit current can be matched.

[0066] In the step (S22) of applying a conductive material to the arranged solar cells, a plurality of first solar cells (210) arranged in series and second solar cells (220) arranged on both sides of the first solar cells (210) may have a conductive material applied to at least one area. As a specific example, the first solar cell (210) may have a conductive material applied to one area in the direction in which the adjacent first solar cell (210) or second solar cell (220) is arranged, and the second solar cell (220) may have a conductive material applied to one area in the direction in which the adjacent first solar cell (210) is arranged.

[0067] Meanwhile, the conductive member may include an ECA (Electrically Conductive Adhesive) having electrical conductivity.

[0068] In the step (S23) of forming a string with the arranged solar cells, a first solar cell (210) having a conductive member applied to at least one area and a second solar cell (220) arranged on both sides of the first solar cell (210) are electrically connected in series by bonding the areas where the conductive member is applied so that they overlap, thereby forming a solar cell string applied to a Shingle module. A string ribbon (230) can be connected to both sides of the solar cell string formed in this way, that is, to the second solar cell (220).

[0069] Meanwhile, perovskite solar cells are next-generation solar cells that possess excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency, but they can be vulnerable to heat and moisture, which may cause heat-induced damage during the soldering process described later. However, the method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention can prevent the perovskite solar cells from being damaged by heat during the soldering process by forming a solar cell string by placing a silicon solar cell with excellent heat resistance on the outside of the perovskite solar cells. In addition, by placing a silicon solar cell with excellent heat resistance on the outside of the solar cell string, the perovskite solar cells, which are vulnerable to moisture, can be moved away from the ends of the module, thereby minimizing degradation caused by moisture penetration.

[0070] In the step (S24) of connecting cross connectors to both sides of the string, the string ribbon (230) connected to both sides of the string, in which the first solar cell (210) and the second solar cell (220) are electrically connected in series by a conductive member, can be electrically connected to the cross connector (240) placed on both sides of the string. At this time, the surface of the cross connector (240) can be coated with a solder alloy so that it can be electrically connected to the string ribbon (230) by a soldering process through heat treatment at 100°C to 200°C.

[0071] At this time, when heat is applied to the cross connector (240) and the string ribbon (230) by the soldering process, heat may be conducted to the solar cell connected to the string ribbon (230). If a perovskite solar cell is placed near the cross connector (240), the heat-sensitive perovskite solar cell may be damaged by the heat conducted through the string ribbon (230). However, the solar cell module according to the embodiment of the present invention can prevent the perovskite solar cell from being damaged by the heat conducted through the string ribbon (230) during the soldering process by placing a silicon solar cell with excellent heat resistance on the outer side of the solar cell string, that is, between the perovskite solar cell and the cross connector (240). In addition, by placing a silicon solar cell with excellent heat resistance on the outer side of the solar cell string, the perovskite solar cell, which is vulnerable to moisture, can be moved away from the end of the module, thereby minimizing degradation caused by moisture penetration.

[0072] Meanwhile, the solder alloy coated on the surface of the cross connector (240) may include, for example, one or more selected from SnPb, SnPbAg, SnPbBi, SnAg, SnAgBi, SnAgCu, SnBi, and SnCu, and may include SnPbBi as an optional embodiment.

[0073] When SnPbBi is included as a solder, it can be soldered to the string ribbon (230) through heat treatment at 100°C to 140°C during the soldering process.

[0074] Meanwhile, by connecting cross connectors (240) to both sides of a solar cell string in which solar cells are connected in series, multiple solar cell strings can be electrically connected to each other in parallel, thereby enabling the manufacture of a solar cell module composed of multiple solar cells connected in series and in parallel, respectively.

[0075] As a result, the solar cell module manufactured by the above-described solar cell module manufacturing method can minimize damage to the solar cell caused by heat applied to the solar cell through the string ribbon during the soldering process by placing a second solar cell with excellent heat resistance on the outer side of the solar cell string and a first solar cell on the inner side, thereby improving the reliability and efficiency of the solar cell module, and can minimize deterioration caused by moisture penetration by moving the first solar cell, which is vulnerable to moisture, away from the end of the module.

[0076] As such, the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments illustrated in the drawings, but this is merely illustrative, and those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and equivalent alternative embodiments are possible therefrom. Accordingly, the true technical scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the technical spirit of the appended claims.

[0077] The specific implementations described in the embodiments are examples and do not limit the scope of the embodiments in any way. For the sake of brevity of the specification, descriptions of conventional electronic configurations, control provision methods, software, and other functional aspects of said provision methods may be omitted. Additionally, the connections of lines or connecting members between components shown in the drawings are illustrative of functional connections and / or physical or circuit connections, and may be replaced or additionally represented as various functional connections, physical connections, or circuit connections in actual devices. Furthermore, unless specifically stated as "essential," "importantly," etc., a component may not be absolutely necessary for the application of the present invention.

[0078] In the specification of the embodiments (particularly in the claims), the use of the term "the above" and similar descriptive terms may be in both singular and plural. Furthermore, where a range is described in the embodiments, it is considered to include the invention with respect to individual values ​​within said range (unless otherwise stated), and is equivalent to describing each individual value constituting said range in the detailed description. Finally, regarding the steps constituting the method according to the embodiments, unless explicitly stated in order or otherwise stated, said steps may be performed in a suitable order. The embodiments are not necessarily limited by the order in which said steps are described. The use of any examples or exemplary terms (e.g., etc.) in the embodiments is merely for the purpose of describing the embodiments in detail, and the scope of the embodiments is not limited by said examples or exemplary terms unless limited by the claims. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications, combinations, and changes may be made according to design conditions and factors within the scope of the claims or equivalents.

Claims

1. Step of arranging solar cells; A step of forming a string with the arranged solar cells; and The method includes the step of connecting cross connectors to both sides of the string; A method for manufacturing a solar cell module, wherein the solar cell comprises a first solar cell and a second solar cell, wherein the first solar cell is located on the inner side of the string and the second solar cell is located on the outer side of the string.

2. In Paragraph 1, The first solar cell above includes a perovskite solar cell, and A method for manufacturing a solar cell module, wherein the second solar cell comprises a silicon solar cell.

3. In Paragraph 1, The above cross connector is a method for manufacturing a solar cell module coated with solder alloy.

4. In Paragraph 3, A method for manufacturing a solar cell module in which the above solder alloy comprises one or more selected from SnPb, SnPbAg, SnPbBi, SnAg, SnAgBi, SnAgCu, SnBi, and SnCu.

5. In Paragraph 1, A method for manufacturing a solar blocking module comprising the fact that the area of ​​the second solar cell is 30% to 70% of the area of ​​the first solar cell.

6. In Paragraph 1, A method for manufacturing a solar cell module, wherein in the step of connecting the cross connector, the cross connector and a plurality of strings are electrically connected to each other in parallel through a soldering process.

7. Step of arranging solar cells; A step of applying a conductive material to the arranged solar cell; A step of forming a string with the arranged solar cells; and The method includes the step of connecting cross connectors to both sides of the string; A method for manufacturing a solar cell module, wherein the solar cell comprises a first solar cell and a second solar cell, wherein the first solar cell is located on the inner side of the string and the second solar cell is located on the outer side of the string.

8. In Paragraph 7, The first solar cell above includes a perovskite solar cell, and A method for manufacturing a solar cell module, wherein the second solar cell comprises a silicon solar cell.

9. In Paragraph 7, The above cross connector is a method for manufacturing a solar cell module coated with solder alloy.

10. In Paragraph 9, A method for manufacturing a solar cell module in which the above solder alloy comprises one or more selected from SnPb, SnPbAg, SnPbBi, SnAg, SnAgBi, SnAgCu, SnBi, and SnCu.

11. In Paragraph 7, A method for manufacturing a solar blocking module comprising the fact that the area of ​​the second solar cell is 30% to 70% of the area of ​​the first solar cell.

12. In Paragraph 7, A method for manufacturing a solar cell module, wherein in the step of connecting the cross connector, the cross connector and a plurality of strings are electrically connected to each other in parallel through a soldering process.

13. A plurality of solar cell strings electrically connected, wherein a first solar cell is disposed on the inner side and a second solar cell is disposed on the outer side; and A solar cell module comprising: a cross connector disposed on both sides of the solar cell strings to electrically connect the solar cell strings in parallel.

14. In Paragraph 13, The first solar cell above includes a perovskite solar cell, and The above second solar cell is a solar cell module comprising a silicon solar cell.

15. In Paragraph 13, The above solar cell string further includes a plurality of conductive connecting members disposed on the front or rear surface of the solar cell; and Further comprising a string ribbon electrically connected to the plurality of conductive connecting members; A solar cell module in which the above string ribbon is electrically connected to the above cross connector.

16. In Paragraph 13, The first solar cell and the second solar cell each have a conductive member applied to at least one region, and A solar cell module in which areas coated with the above-mentioned conductive members are in contact with each other and electrically connected in series.

17. In Paragraph 16, The above conductive member is a solar cell module including an ECA (Electrically Conductive Adhesive).

18. In Paragraph 13, The above cross connector is a solar cell module comprising a solder alloy coating.

19. In Paragraph 18, The above solder alloy is a solar cell module comprising one or more selected from SnPb, SnPbAg, SnPbBi, SnAg, SnAgBi, SnAgCu, SnBi, and SnCu.

20. In Paragraph 13, A solar blocking module comprising the fact that the area of ​​the second solar cell is 30% to 70% of the area of ​​the first solar cell.

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