Earth pressure shield machine, earth pressure shield system, and muck discharge method

Abstract

The present disclosure provides an earth pressure shield machine, an earth pressure shield system, and a muck discharge method. The earth pressure shield machine comprises a shield, a cutter head, a screw conveyor, and a slurry discharge device. The cutter head is rotatably arranged on the shield. An excavation chamber is formed between the cutter head and the inner wall of the shield. A muck inlet of the screw conveyor extends into the excavation chamber, and a muck outlet of the screw conveyor extends out of the outer side of the shield. The slurry discharge device is detachably connected at the muck outlet of the screw conveyor, so that the earth pressure shield machine is switched between a muck discharge mode and a slurry discharge mode. In the slurry discharge mode, the slurry discharge device is configured to be connected to the screw conveyor, and the slurry in the excavation chamber is conveyed by the screw conveyor and discharged from the muck outlet into the slurry discharge device for discharging. The earth pressure shield machine of the present disclosure can realize slurry discharge in a water-rich stratum working condition, thereby improving the adaptability of the earth pressure shield machine to complex stratum.

Description

Earth pressure shield machine, earth pressure shield system and slag discharging method

[0001] Cross-reference to related applications

[0002] The present disclosure is based on and claims priority to the application with CN application number 202411332016.2 and filing date of September 24, 2024, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety into the present disclosure. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The present disclosure relates to the field of tunnel construction equipment, in particular to an earth pressure shield machine, an earth pressure shield system and a slag discharging method. BACKGROUND

[0004] In tunnel shield construction, the selection of shield machine needs to be considered comprehensively according to stratum information, construction route, construction requirements and other information. At present, earth pressure shield and slurry shield are common shield types. Earth pressure shield is mainly suitable for soft soil stratum with low water pressure and small water quantity, but it is difficult to excavate water-rich sand layer with large stone blocks and high water permeability. At this time, slurry shield is generally needed.

[0005] However, for some complex strata through which the tunnel passes, it may be necessary to pass through soft soil stratum suitable for earth pressure shield construction and water-rich stratum suitable for slurry shield construction. Moreover, in many cases, only part of the stratum through which the tunnel passes is suitable for slurry shield, and most of it is suitable for earth pressure shield. Therefore, how to enable the earth pressure shield to successfully construct when encountering water-rich stratum during construction is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently.

[0006] It should be noted that the statements in this background section are provided only to assist in understanding the present disclosure and are not necessarily prior art. SUMMARY

[0007] The present disclosure provides an earth pressure shield machine, an earth pressure shield system and a slag discharging method to improve the adaptability of earth pressure shield to complex stratum.

[0008] The first aspect of the present disclosure provides an earth pressure shield machine, comprising:

[0009] a shield body;

[0010] a cutterhead rotatably arranged on the shield body, and forming an excavation chamber between the cutterhead and the inner wall of the shield body;

[0011] a screw conveyor, the screw conveyor having a slag inlet extending into the excavation chamber and a slag outlet extending outside the shield body; and

[0012] The slurry discharge device is detachably connected at the discharge port of the screw conveyor to enable the earth pressure balance shield machine to switch between the spoil discharge mode and the slurry discharge mode. In the slurry discharge mode, the slurry discharge device is configured to be connected with the screw conveyor, and the slurry in the excavation chamber is discharged from the discharge port into the slurry discharge device and discharged under the conveying of the screw conveyor.

[0013] In some embodiments, the earth pressure balance shield machine further comprises a belt conveyor arranged at the lower side of the discharge port of the screw conveyor. In the spoil discharge mode, the slurry discharge device is configured to be disconnected from the screw conveyor, and the spoil in the excavation chamber is discharged from the discharge port onto the belt conveyor under the conveying of the screw conveyor.

[0014] In some embodiments, the slurry discharge device comprises a dilution tank, a discharge pump and a slurry discharge pipe. The dilution tank is in fluid communication with the discharge port of the screw conveyor to dilute the spoil to form the slurry. The discharge pump is used to pump the slurry into the slurry discharge pipe. The slurry discharge pipe discharges the slurry.

[0015] In some embodiments, a crusher is arranged in the dilution tank to crush the stones in the slurry.

[0016] In some embodiments, the slurry discharge pipe is configured to extend backward along the axial direction of the shield body so that the pressure of the slurry is reduced during the conveying to avoid gushing.

[0017] In some embodiments, the earth pressure balance shield machine further comprises a modifier conveying pipeline. In the spoil discharge mode, the modifier conveying pipeline is configured to convey water and / or foam to the excavation chamber. In the slurry discharge mode, the modifier conveying pipeline is configured to be connected with the slurry separation station to convey the slurry into the excavation chamber.

[0018] In some embodiments, the earth pressure balance shield machine further comprises a discharge gate arranged at the discharge port. The opening degree of the discharge gate is adjustably set according to the pressure of the excavation chamber.

[0019] In some embodiments, the earth pressure balance shield machine further comprises a pressure maintaining system. The pressure maintaining system comprises a pressure maintaining pipe and a bentonite tank. The pressure maintaining pipe is in communication with the excavation chamber. The pressure maintaining system is configured to convey the bentonite in the bentonite tank into the excavation chamber through the pressure maintaining pipe when the pressure in the excavation chamber is less than a set value to increase the pressure of the excavation chamber.

[0020] In some embodiments, the earth pressure balance shield machine further comprises a pressure detecting device for detecting the pressure of the excavation chamber in real time and a controller for controlling the advancing speed of the shield body in the advancing direction. When the pressure detecting device detects that the pressure in the excavation chamber is greater than a set value, the controller is configured to slow down the advancing speed of the shield body.

[0021] The second aspect of the present disclosure provides a soil pressure shield system, comprising the soil pressure shield machine and a slurry separation station and a slurry inlet pipe, the slurry discharge device comprises a dilution tank, a discharge pump and a slurry discharge pipe, the dilution tank is in fluid communication with the discharge port of the screw conveyor to dilute the spoil to form slurry, the discharge pump is used for pumping the slurry into the slurry discharge pipe, the slurry discharge pipe discharges the slurry, the slurry separation station is connected with the slurry discharge pipe to separate the spoil in the slurry discharged by the slurry discharge pipe, and the two ends of the slurry inlet pipe are respectively connected with the slurry separation station and the dilution tank to send the slurry after the spoil is separated back to the dilution tank.

[0022] In some embodiments, the density of the slurry transported by the slurry inlet pipe is configured to be adjusted according to the target density of the slurry discharged by the slurry discharge pipe.

[0023] In some embodiments, the target density of the slurry discharged by the slurry discharge pipe is 1.1-1.3t / m 3 , and the density of the slurry transported by the slurry inlet pipe is 1-1.1t / m 3 .

[0024] The third aspect of the present disclosure provides a spoil discharging method based on the soil pressure shield machine, comprising the following steps:

[0025] Real-time detection of information of the tunneling stratum on the tunneling path; and

[0026] Switching the spoil discharging mode of the soil pressure shield machine according to the information of the tunneling stratum, the spoil discharging mode comprising a spoil discharging mode and a slurry-water discharging mode: when the tunneling stratum is a soft soil stratum, the slurry discharge device is removed so that the soil pressure shield machine is in the spoil discharging mode; when the tunneling stratum is a water-rich stratum, the slurry discharge device is connected with the screw conveyor, and the screw conveyor is controlled to work so that the slurry in the excavation chamber is discharged from the discharge port to the slurry discharge device under the transportation of the screw conveyor and is discharged.

[0027] In some embodiments, in the spoil discharging mode, the spoil in the excavation chamber is discharged from the discharge port to the belt conveyor under the transportation of the screw conveyor.

[0028] In some embodiments, in the slurry-water discharging mode, when the pressure of the excavation chamber is greater than a set value, the tunneling speed of the shield body is slowed down.

[0029] Based on the technical scheme provided in the present disclosure, the earth pressure shield tunneling machine comprises a shield body, a cutter head, a screw conveyor and a slurry discharge device. The cutter head is rotatably arranged on the shield body. An excavation chamber is formed between the cutter head and the inner wall of the shield body. The screw conveyor has a residue inlet extending into the excavation chamber and a residue outlet extending outside the shield body. A belt conveyor is arranged below the residue outlet of the screw conveyor. The slurry discharge device is detachably connected to the residue outlet of the screw conveyor to switch the earth pressure shield tunneling machine between a residue discharge mode and a slurry discharge mode. In the slurry discharge mode, the slurry discharge device is configured to be connected to the screw conveyor, and the slurry in the excavation chamber is discharged into the slurry discharge device from the residue outlet under the conveying of the screw conveyor. The earth pressure shield tunneling machine of the present embodiment can realize slurry residue in water-rich strata and improve the adaptability of the earth pressure shield tunneling machine to complex strata.

[0030] Other features and advantages of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure and constitute a part of this application, illustrate the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and serve to explain the present disclosure, and do not constitute any improper limitation on the present disclosure. In the drawings:

[0032] Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the earth pressure shield tunneling machine according to the present embodiment.

[0033] Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the earth pressure shield tunneling machine according to the present embodiment.

[0034] Fig. 3 is a schematic slurry circulation diagram of the earth pressure shield tunneling system according to the present embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The technical scheme of the present embodiment will be described clearly and completely in combination with the drawings in the present embodiment. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, but not all the embodiments. The description of the at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative, but not as any limitation on the present disclosure and its application or use. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0036] The foregoing is a summary and thus contains only the most basic embodiment. The disclosure can be practiced with modification and alteration and still be within the scope of the disclosure. This disclosure was made with the understanding that the common general principles of the art are enunciated in the following description and are not to be limited in application to the specific embodiments where made. The examples set forth in the description are not to be construed as limiting but merely as singularly set forth illustrative portions of the application. Further, each of the examples should be taken not to limit the present application in any way but to provide examples of the application. As such, examples where a specific number of steps are required are not to be considered limiting of the application to that particular number of steps. Other examples of the application will readily occur to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reviewing the previous description, and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the application. Therefore, the disclosure is not to be limited or restricted to the details given but only by the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0037] For purposes of the description hereinafter, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", "left", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", and derivatives thereof shall relate to the application as it is oriented in use. Therein, the terminology can include the words specifically mentioned above, derivatives thereof, and words of similar import. Unless specifically set forth herein, the terms "a", "an" and "the" are not limited, even if the articles are used to introduce a noun or noun phrase. It is also to be understood that the term "comprising" or "comprises" is used herein to mean including, but not limited to, the elements listed thereafter. It is further to be understood that the term "comprising" or "comprises" is used herein to mean including, but not limited to, the elements listed thereafter. The term "coupled" is used herein to express either an indirect or direct electrical connection between two or more elements.

[0038] As shown in FIGS. 1-3, some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a soil pressure shield tunneling machine, which includes a shield body 3, a cutter head 1, a screw conveyor 4 and a slurry discharge device. The cutter head 1 is rotatably arranged on the shield body 3. An excavation chamber 2 is formed between the cutter head 1 and the inner wall of the shield body 3. The screw conveyor 4 has a muck inlet extending into the excavation chamber 2 and a muck outlet extending outside the shield body 3. The slurry discharge device is detachably connected to the muck outlet of the screw conveyor 4 to enable the soil pressure shield tunneling machine to switch between a muck discharge mode and a slurry discharge mode. In the slurry discharge mode, the slurry discharge device is configured to be connected to the screw conveyor 4, and the slurry in the excavation chamber 2 is discharged from the muck outlet into the slurry discharge device and discharged under the conveying of the screw conveyor 4.

[0039] The earth pressure shield tunneling machine of the present disclosure is provided with a detachable slurry discharge device at the discharge port of the screw conveyor. In the slurry discharge mode, the slurry discharge device is connected to the screw conveyor, and the screw conveyor and the slurry discharge device work together to discharge the slurry. Thus, the earth pressure shield tunneling machine of the present disclosure can realize slurry discharge in water-rich strata, and the adaptability of the earth pressure shield tunneling machine to complex strata is improved. In addition, the slurry discharge device of the earth pressure shield tunneling machine of the present disclosure is detachable. Therefore, in most soft strata, the earth pressure shield tunneling machine does not need to bear the weight of the slurry discharge device during tunneling, thereby reducing the load. Moreover, the two discharge modes can be realized while the original structure of the earth pressure shield tunneling machine is maintained, and thus the cost is low.

[0040] The earth pressure shield tunneling machine of the present disclosure further comprises a belt conveyor. The belt conveyor is arranged below the discharge port of the screw conveyor 4. In the soil discharge mode, the slurry discharge device is configured to be detached from the screw conveyor 4, and the excavated soil in the excavation chamber is discharged from the discharge port to the belt conveyor under the conveying of the screw conveyor 4.

[0041] In some embodiments, the slurry discharge device comprises a dilution tank 6, a discharge pump 7, and a slurry discharge pipe 11. The dilution tank 6 is in fluid communication with the discharge port of the screw conveyor 4 to dilute the soil to form slurry. The discharge pump 7 is used to pump the slurry into the slurry discharge pipe 11. The slurry discharge pipe 11 is configured to extend backward along the axial direction of the shield body 3 so that the pressure of the slurry is reduced during conveying to avoid gushing.

[0042] The slurry discharge device of the present embodiment first dilutes the soil in the slurry in the dilution tank 6, so that the slurry can be smoothly discharged. Moreover, the diluted slurry is pumped into the slurry discharge pipe 11 located at a higher position by the discharge pump 7. The slurry discharge pipe 11 extends in the axial direction, so that the pressure of the slurry is reduced during outward discharge, thereby avoiding gushing.

[0043] In order to avoid the blockage of the slurry discharge pipe by stones in the discharged slurry, in some embodiments, a crusher is arranged in the dilution tank 6 to crush the stones in the slurry.

[0044] In some embodiments, the earth pressure shield tunneling machine further comprises an amendment conveying pipeline. In the soil discharge mode, the amendment conveying pipeline is configured to convey water and / or foam to the excavation chamber. In the slurry discharge mode, the amendment conveying pipeline is configured to be connected to the slurry separation station to convey the slurry into the excavation chamber. The earth pressure shield tunneling machine of the present embodiment uses the originally existing amendment conveying pipeline to convey the slurry separated by the slurry separation station back into the excavation chamber to improve the soil in the excavation chamber, thereby promoting the discharge of the slurry in the excavation chamber.

[0045] In the slurry cutting mode, the pressure in the excavation chamber will increase a lot. In order to avoid the pressure fluctuation being too large to cause abnormality, in some embodiments, the earth pressure balance shield machine further comprises a slurry discharge gate 5 arranged at the slurry discharge port. The opening degree of the slurry discharge gate 5 is adjustably set according to the pressure in the excavation chamber.

[0046] Specifically, when the pressure in the excavation chamber fluctuates greatly, the opening degree of the slurry discharge gate 5 can be controlled to be adjusted to be small; when the pressure in the excavation chamber is stable, that is, the fluctuation is small, the opening degree of the slurry discharge gate 5 can be controlled to be adjusted to be large. That is, the opening degree of the slurry discharge gate 5 in the embodiment is adjusted according to the magnitude of the change of the pressure in the excavation chamber.

[0047] In some embodiments, the earth pressure balance shield machine further comprises a pressure maintaining system 9. The pressure maintaining system 9 comprises a pressure maintaining pipe and a bentonite tank. The pressure maintaining pipe is in communication with the excavation chamber 2, and the pressure maintaining system 9 is configured to deliver the bentonite in the bentonite tank to the excavation chamber through the pressure maintaining pipe when the pressure in the excavation chamber is less than a set value to increase the pressure in the excavation chamber. When the pressure in the excavation chamber 2 is less than the set value, the pressure maintaining system 9 automatically supplements the bentonite in the excavation chamber 2 to keep the pressure in the excavation chamber 2 at the set value, thereby avoiding problems such as collapse of the working face.

[0048] The pressure maintaining system 9 functions to prevent the pressure in the excavation chamber 2 from decreasing. For the case that the pressure in the excavation chamber 2 exceeds the set value, in some embodiments, the earth pressure balance shield machine further comprises a pressure detecting device for detecting the pressure in the excavation chamber in real time and a controller for controlling the advancing speed of the shield body in the advancing direction. When the pressure detecting device detects that the pressure in the excavation chamber is greater than the set value, the controller is configured to slow down the advancing speed of the shield body.

[0049] That is, when the pressure in the excavation chamber exceeds the set value, the advancing speed of the shield body can be slowed down to reduce the pressure in the excavation chamber.

[0050] Referring to FIG. 3, the present application further provides an earth pressure balance shield system, which comprises the above-mentioned earth pressure balance shield machine and a slurry separation station 17 and a slurry inlet pipe 10. The slurry separation station 17 is connected with the slurry discharge pipe 11 to separate the sludge in the slurry discharged from the slurry discharge pipe 11, and the two ends of the slurry inlet pipe 10 are respectively connected with the slurry separation station 17 and the dilution tank 6 to send the slurry after separation of the sludge back to the dilution tank 6. In the embodiment, the slurry after separation of the sludge is injected back to the dilution tank by the slurry inlet pipe 10 to dilute the sludge in the dilution tank, so that the density of the slurry in the dilution tank can be reduced to prevent stratification caused by too large concentration, thereby improving the smoothness of the slurry discharge.

[0051] As described in the above paragraph, in order to avoid the density of the slurry being too large and not easy to discharge, the slurry separation pipe is arranged to return the separated slurry to the dilution tank, and thus the concentration of the slurry returned to the dilution tank needs to be controlled. In some embodiments, the density of the slurry delivered by the slurry return pipe 10 is configured to be adjusted according to the target density of the slurry discharged by the slurry discharge pipe 11.

[0052] In some embodiments, the density of the slurry delivered by the slurry return pipe 10 is less than the target density of the slurry discharged by the slurry discharge pipe 11. Specifically, the target density of the slurry discharged by the slurry discharge pipe 11 is 1.1-1.3 t / m 3 , and the density of the slurry delivered by the slurry return pipe 10 is 1-1.1 t / m 3 .

[0053] Another embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a slurry discharge method of the earth pressure balance shield machine based on the above-mentioned embodiments, comprising the following steps:

[0054] detecting the information of the stratum to be excavated in real time on the excavation path; and

[0055] switching the slurry discharge mode of the earth pressure balance shield machine according to the information of the stratum to be excavated, the slurry discharge mode including a slurry discharge mode and a slurry-water discharge mode: when the stratum to be excavated is a soft soil stratum, the slurry discharge device is detached so that the earth pressure balance shield machine is in the slurry discharge mode; when the stratum to be excavated is a water-rich stratum, the slurry discharge device is connected to the screw conveyor, and the screw conveyor 4 is controlled to work so that the slurry in the excavation chamber 2 is discharged from the slurry discharge port into the slurry discharge device and discharged under the conveying of the screw conveyor 4.

[0056] The earth pressure balance shield machine of the present embodiment can realize slurry-water circulation discharge, solving the problem of realizing slurry-water circulation discharge of the earth pressure balance shield machine. Moreover, the slurry discharge method of the present embodiment detects the information of the stratum to be excavated in real time on the excavation path, and thus can predict the information of the stratum to be excavated in advance, for example, predict that the stratum information is a water-rich stratum, and can make preparations in advance and connect the slurry discharge device to the screw conveyor at the position of the water-rich stratum.

[0057] Specifically, detecting the information of the stratum to be excavated in real time on the excavation path includes detecting the pressure of the stratum by using a pressure detection device to judge the information of the stratum. Specifically, the current stratum information can be comprehensively judged according to the geological exploration report and the actually excavated slurry. Or in other embodiments, an advanced geological exploration device is arranged on the shield machine to explore the current stratum information.

[0058] In some embodiments, in the slurry-water discharge mode, when the pressure of the excavation chamber is greater than a set value, the excavation speed of the shield body 3 is slowed down.

[0059] In some embodiments, in the muck out mode, the muck excavated from the excavation chamber 2 is discharged from the muck outlet onto the belt conveyor under the high-speed rotation of the screw conveyor 4.

[0060] The structure of the earth pressure shield system and the muck out method according to one specific embodiment of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to Figs. 1-3.

[0061] As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the earth pressure shield system according to the present embodiment includes a cutter head 1, an excavation chamber 2, a shield body 3, a screw conveyor 4, a muck outlet gate 5, a dilution tank 6, a muck outlet pump 7, a pressure maintaining system 9, a slurry inlet pipe 10, a slurry outlet pipe 11, a first bentonite tank 12, a second bentonite tank 13, a foam delivery pipeline 14, a water delivery pipeline 15, and a slurry separation station 17.

[0062] The shield body 3 includes a chamber wall arranged on the inner side of the front end in the tunneling direction, and the cutter head 1 is rotatably arranged on the chamber wall. The chamber wall further includes a driving device arranged at the rear end of the chamber wall for driving the cutter head 1 to rotate. The excavation chamber 2 is formed between the chamber wall, the cutter head 1, and the front end of the shield body 3.

[0063] The muck inlet of the screw conveyor 4 extends into the excavation chamber 2, so that the muck excavated by the cutter head 1 can directly enter the screw conveyor 4 through the muck inlet under the high-speed rotation of the screw conveyor 4 for mucking. The screw conveyor 4 is arranged in an inclined manner as a whole, and the screw conveyor 4 is inclined upward in the extension direction from the muck inlet to the muck outlet. The muck inlet is arranged on the end face of the screw conveyor 4, and the muck outlet is arranged on the side wall of the screw conveyor 4 as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. In this way, the belt conveyor arranged below the muck outlet can directly receive the muck discharged from the muck outlet and deliver the muck to the outside of the tunnel.

[0064] As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the muck outlet of the screw conveyor 4 according to the present embodiment is provided with the muck outlet gate 5. The muck outlet gate 5 can control the opening and closing of the muck outlet as well as the opening degree.

[0065] The earth pressure shield machine according to the present embodiment has two mucking modes, i.e., a muck mucking mode and a slurry mucking mode. In the muck mucking mode, the muck outlet of the screw conveyor 4 is not connected to the dilution tank 6, so that the discharged muck directly falls on the belt conveyor and is discharged to the outside of the tunnel. In the slurry mucking mode, the muck outlet of the screw conveyor 4 is connected to the dilution tank 6 so that the slurry enters the dilution tank 6 for dilution. Specifically, the mucking mode of the earth pressure shield machine according to the present embodiment is switched according to the stratum information encountered during tunneling. For soft strata, the muck mucking mode is adopted, and for water-rich strata, the slurry mucking mode is adopted.

[0066] It should be noted here that the earth pressure shield tunneling machine in this embodiment is called an earth pressure shield tunneling machine because most of the strata in its tunneling path are soft soil strata, and only a small part of the strata may be water-rich strata. Therefore, this is also the improvement of this embodiment, which can make the original earth pressure shield tunneling machine cope with the slurry discharge of water-rich strata through a low-cost structural improvement of the earth pressure shield tunneling machine, thereby reducing the cost. Therefore, the earth pressure shield tunneling machine in this embodiment achieves the above-mentioned purpose by arranging a slurry discharge device detachably connected with the screw conveyor 4. In most of the process of tunneling of the earth pressure shield tunneling machine, the slurry discharge device is not connected with the screw conveyor 4, so that the earth pressure shield tunneling machine can run in the original spoil discharge mode, and at this time the earth pressure shield tunneling machine does not need to carry the slurry discharge device in the tunneling process, so as to reduce the operating load of the earth pressure shield tunneling machine.

[0067] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the rear end of the dilution tank 6 is connected with a spoil discharge pump 7, and the spoil discharge pump 7 is connected with a slurry discharge pipe 11. A crusher is arranged in the dilution tank 6, which can crush stones in the slurry to avoid pipe blockage caused by stones stuck in the slurry discharge pipe 11. The slurry discharge pipe 11 discharges the slurry in the dilution tank 6.

[0068] The slurry is a mixture of spoil, slurry, stones and the like, so after the slurry enters the dilution tank 6, it may be stratified due to gravity, that is, the heavier spoil, stones and the like will settle at the bottom, and the slurry and the like will float on the upper layer. In this case, most of the slurry entering the slurry discharge pipe 11 will be the slurry floating on the upper layer, and the spoil, stones and the like may be retained in the dilution tank 6, thereby affecting normal spoil discharge.

[0069] In order to solve the above problems, as shown in FIG. 3, the slurry discharged by the slurry discharge pipe 11 is separated from part of the spoil in the slurry by a slurry separation station 17. After the spoil is separated, the slurry formed by the slurry separation station 17 is returned to the dilution tank 6 through the slurry inlet pipe 10 to dilute the spoil in the dilution tank 6, thereby completing the slurry circulation. That is, in order to avoid the stratification problem, the slurry formed by the slurry separation station 17 is injected back into the dilution tank through the slurry inlet pipe 10 to dilute the spoil in the dilution tank, thereby reducing the density of the slurry in the dilution tank and preventing the stratification problem caused by too thick slurry.

[0070] Further, the pressure of the slurry output by the slurry inlet pipe 10 can be increased to spray the slurry into the dilution tank, thereby fully dissolving the spoil and the slurry together to avoid the sedimentation problem.

[0071] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the earth pressure balance shield tunneling machine of the present embodiment includes a connecting pipe 62 which is arranged obliquely, the upper end of the connecting pipe 62 is connected with the discharge port, and the lower end of the connecting pipe 62 is connected with the dilution tank 6. The output end of the slurry feeding pipe 10 of the present embodiment is arranged at a position close to the upper end of the connecting pipe 62, so that the slurry discharged from the discharge port is directly mixed with the slurry discharged from the output end of the slurry feeding pipe 10, and the mixing is realized before the slurry enters the dilution tank 6, thereby avoiding the precipitation in the dilution tank.

[0072] When the earth pressure balance shield tunneling machine encounters a water-rich stratum, if the slurry is directly discharged from the discharge port of the screw conveyor 6, the slurry will spurt and splash into the tunnel being excavated due to the high pressure in the excavation chamber, which will cause the pollution and even damage to various components. The earth pressure balance shield tunneling machine of the present embodiment realizes the collection of the slurry by connecting the dilution tank with the discharge port, thereby avoiding the pollution and damage caused by the disordered spurt. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 2, the slurry discharge pipe 11 of the present embodiment is extended very long in the axial direction, so that the pressure of the slurry gradually decreases during the discharge of the slurry in the slurry discharge pipe 11 until the pressure is reduced to substantially the same as the atmospheric pressure, and then the slurry is discharged to the outside, thereby avoiding the spurt problem.

[0073] As shown in FIG. 3, the earth pressure balance shield tunneling machine of the present embodiment not only returns the slurry after the separation of the slurry and water in the slurry feeding pipe 10 to the dilution tank 6 to improve the spoil in the dilution tank 6, but also uses the modifier conveying pipeline (including the foam conveying pipeline 14 and the water conveying pipeline 15) of the earth pressure balance shield tunneling machine to convey the slurry to the excavation chamber 2 to improve the spoil in the excavation chamber 2, thereby facilitating the discharge of the slurry.

[0074] As shown in FIG. 3, the slurry discharged from the slurry and water separation station 16 is mixed with the bentonite in the second bentonite tank 13 and is conveyed to the excavation chamber 2 through the foam conveying pipeline 14 and the water conveying pipeline 15. The second bentonite tank 13 is used to inject appropriate bentonite into the slurry to adjust the concentration of the slurry returned to the excavation chamber 2.

[0075] The slurry and water separation station 17 of the present embodiment includes multiple stages of separation stations, for example, can include a first stage of separation station 171 and a second stage of separation station 172. Of course, more stages of separation stations can be included, which will not be described herein.

[0076] As shown in FIG. 3, the earth pressure balance shield tunneling machine of the present embodiment further includes a pressure maintaining system 9 which is connected with the first bentonite tank 12 to make the bentonite enter the pressure maintaining system 9, and when the pressure of the excavation chamber 2 is less than a set value, the pressure maintaining system 9 automatically supplements the bentonite in the excavation chamber 2 to maintain the pressure of the excavation chamber 2 at the set value, thereby avoiding the problem of the collapse of the working face.

[0077] Further, the pressure maintaining system 9 of the embodiment is also connected with the slurry feeding pipe 10 to inject slurry into the excavation chamber by pressure compensation.

[0078] The density of the muck in the excavation chamber is 1.6-1.8 t / m 3 after improvement, the density of the muck in the dilution tank is 1.1-1.3 t / m 3 after dilution, and the density of the slurry separated by the slurry-water separation station is 1.0-1.1 t / m3, realizing slurry circulation and muck discharge.

[0079] The earth pressure balance shield machine of the embodiment can control the ratio of slurry feeding and discharging by setting a slurry feeding flow meter on the slurry feeding pipe 10 and a slurry discharging flow meter on the slurry discharging pipe 11. The density of the slurry can be controlled by the amount of bentonite injected into the slurry. The density of the slurry discharging can be controlled by controlling the slurry feeding flow and the slurry discharging flow.

[0080] It can be seen that the earth pressure balance shield machine of the embodiment can realize slurry circulation and muck discharge. The ratio of slurry feeding and discharging is controlled by the slurry circulation system, the pressure of the excavation chamber is controlled by the weekend pressure maintaining system, and the muck in the excavation chamber is improved by the foam conveying pipeline and the water conveying pipeline of the earth pressure balance shield machine. The earth pressure balance shield machine of the embodiment can realize slurry circulation and muck discharge, solving the problem of realizing slurry circulation and muck discharge of the earth pressure balance shield machine.

[0081] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present disclosure and not to limit them; although the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the specific embodiments of the present disclosure can be modified or some technical features can be replaced by equivalent replacements; without departing from the spirit of the technical solutions of the present disclosure, they should be covered in the technical solution range of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. An earth pressure balance shield machine characterized by, The earth pressure balance shield tunneling machine comprises: a shield body (3); a cutter head (1) rotatably arranged on the shield body (3), and forming an excavation chamber (2) between the cutter head (1) and the inner wall of the shield body (3); a screw conveyor (4) with an inlet extending into the excavation chamber (2) and an outlet extending outside the shield body (3); and a slurry discharge device detachably connected to the outlet of the screw conveyor (4) to switch the earth pressure balance shield tunneling machine between a spoil discharge mode and a slurry discharge mode, in the slurry discharge mode, the slurry discharge device is configured to be connected to the screw conveyor, and the slurry in the excavation chamber (2) is discharged from the outlet of the screw conveyor (4) into the slurry discharge device under the conveying of the screw conveyor (4) and discharged.

2. An earth pressure balance shield machine according to claim 1, characterised in that, The earth pressure balance shield tunneling machine further comprises a belt conveyor arranged below the outlet of the screw conveyor, in the spoil discharge mode, the slurry discharge device is configured to be disconnected from the screw conveyor, and the spoil in the excavation chamber (2) is discharged from the outlet of the screw conveyor (4) onto the belt conveyor under the conveying of the screw conveyor (4).

3. An earth pressure balance shield machine according to claim 1, characterised in that, The slurry discharge device comprises a dilution tank (6) in fluid communication with the outlet of the screw conveyor (4) to dilute the spoil to form slurry, a discharge pump (7) for pumping the slurry into a slurry discharge pipe (11), and the slurry discharge pipe (10) for discharging the slurry.

4. An earth pressure balance shield machine according to claim 3, characterised in that, A crusher is arranged in the dilution tank (6) to crush stones in the slurry.

5. An earth pressure balance shield machine according to claim 3, characterised in that, The slurry discharge pipe (11) is configured to extend backward along the axial direction of the shield body (3) so that the pressure of the slurry is reduced during conveying to avoid gushing.

6. An earth pressure balance shield machine according to claim 1, wherein, The earth pressure balance shield tunneling machine further comprises a modifier conveying pipeline, in the spoil discharge mode, the modifier conveying pipeline is configured to convey water and / or foam to the excavation chamber, and in the slurry discharge mode, the modifier conveying pipeline is configured to be connected to a slurry separation station to convey slurry into the excavation chamber.

7. An earth pressure balance shield machine according to claim 1, wherein, The earth pressure balance shield tunneling machine further comprises a discharge gate (5) arranged at the outlet, and the opening degree of the discharge gate (5) is adjustably arranged according to the pressure of the excavation chamber.

8. An earth pressure balance shield machine according to claim 1, wherein, The earth pressure balance shield tunneling machine further comprises a pressure maintaining system (9) comprising a pressure maintaining pipe in communication with the excavation chamber and a bentonite tank, and the pressure maintaining system (9) is configured to convey bentonite in the bentonite tank into the excavation chamber through the pressure maintaining pipe when the pressure in the excavation chamber is less than a set value to increase the pressure of the excavation chamber.

9. An earth pressure balance shield machine according to claim 8, characterised in that, The earth pressure balance shield tunneling machine further comprises a pressure detecting device for detecting the pressure of the excavation chamber in real time and a controller for controlling the advancing speed of the shield body in the advancing direction, and when the pressure detecting device detects that the pressure in the excavation chamber is greater than a set value, the controller is configured to slow down the advancing speed of the shield body.

10. An earth pressure balance system, characterized by, The earth pressure balance shield machine comprises the earth pressure balance shield machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9, a slurry separation station (17) and a slurry inlet pipe (10), the slurry discharge device comprises a dilution tank (6), a discharge pump (7) and a slurry discharge pipe (11), the dilution tank (6) is in fluid communication with a discharge port of the screw conveyor (4) to dilute the muck to form slurry, the discharge pump (7) is used for pumping the slurry into the slurry discharge pipe (11), the slurry discharge pipe (10) discharges the slurry, the slurry separation station (17) is connected with the slurry discharge pipe (11) to separate the muck in the slurry discharged by the slurry discharge pipe (11), and two ends of the slurry inlet pipe (10) are connected with the slurry separation station (17) and the dilution tank (6) respectively to send the slurry after separation of the muck back to the dilution tank (6).

11. The earth pressure balance system of claim 10, wherein, The density of the slurry transported by the slurry inlet pipe (10) is configured to be adjusted according to a target density of the slurry discharged by the slurry discharge pipe (11).

12. The earth pressure balance system of claim 11, wherein, The target density of the slurry discharged by the slurry discharge pipe (11) is 1.1-1.3 t / m 3 The density of the slurry transported by the slurry inlet pipe (10) is 1-1.1 t / m 3 .

13. A method of de-sludging a soil pressure shield machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that, The method comprises the following steps: Real-time detection of information of an excavation stratum on an excavation path; and Switching of a muck discharge mode of the earth pressure balance shield machine according to the information of the excavation stratum, the muck discharge mode comprising a muck discharge mode and a slurry-water discharge mode: when the excavation stratum is a soft soil stratum, the slurry discharge device is detached so that the earth pressure balance shield machine is in the muck discharge mode; when the excavation stratum is a water-rich stratum, the slurry discharge device is connected with the screw conveyor, and the screw conveyor (4) is controlled to work so that the slurry in the excavation chamber (2) is discharged from the discharge port to the slurry discharge device under the transportation of the screw conveyor (4) and is discharged.

14. The method of removing slag according to claim 13, wherein In the muck discharge mode, the muck in the excavation chamber (2) is discharged from the discharge port to the belt conveyor under the transportation of the screw conveyor (4).

15. The method of removing slag according to claim 13, wherein In the slurry-water discharge mode, when the pressure of the excavation chamber is greater than a set value, the excavation speed of the shield body (3) is slowed down.

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