Behavior execution method and apparatus, communication device, and readable storage medium

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of communications, and discloses a behavior execution method and apparatus, a communication device, and a readable storage medium. The behavior execution method of an embodiment of the present application comprises: a first communication device executing a first behavior, the first behavior comprising at least one of: receiving one or more terminal identifiers; determining first information; determining a second communication device; determining a third party or third party-related information; determining to execute or not execute an operation of the third party, or determining to execute or not execute an operation of the third party-related information; requesting that the second communication device authenticate a first object, the first object comprising at least one a terminal identifier, a source terminal device of the terminal identifier, or a terminal device indicated by the terminal identifier; sending the terminal identifier to the second communication device, the terminal identifier being used for identifying one or more terminal devices. The first information is information used for indexing, identifying or indicating one of the following: the second communication device, a certificate holder, an authentication device, or an operating subject.

Description

Behavior execution method and device, communication device, and readable storage medium

[0001] Cross-reference to Related Applications

[0002] The present application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411387257.7, filed on September 30, 2024, and Chinese Patent Application No. 202411455021.2, filed on October 17, 2024, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The present application belongs to the technical field of communication, and specifically relates to a behavior execution method and device, a communication device, and a readable storage medium. BACKGROUND

[0004] Ambient Internet of Things (AIoT), also known as Ambient power-enabled Internet of Things (Ambient power-enabled IoT), is a kind of Internet of Things (IoT) service. AIoT devices are a kind of low-power IoT devices, and the overall power consumption of such devices is low, including low-power signal reception and low-power signal transmission. Due to the low overall power consumption, the energy for communication can come from the environment, such as wind energy, kinetic energy, thermal energy, radio frequency (RF) signals, etc. AIoT devices can also be described as passive IoT devices or responding devices.

[0005] The identifier of a terminal device (such as an AIoT device) can be an identifier allocated by an operator or an identifier allocated by a third party. However, the identifier allocated by the third party can be various, and the information used to index the authentication device can be different, and it is not clear whether the information is in the terminal identifier. Then, how to construct the identifier of the terminal device or determine the corresponding authentication device or certificate holder is a problem to be solved. SUMMARY

[0006] Embodiments of the present application provide a behavior execution method and device, a communication device, and a readable storage medium, which can solve the problem of how to construct the identifier of the terminal device or determine the corresponding authentication device or certificate holder.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present application is implemented as follows:

[0008] In a first aspect, a behavior execution method is provided, comprising:

[0009] The first communication device performs a first action, the first action comprising at least one of:

[0010] receiving one or more terminal identifiers;

[0011] determining first information;

[0012] determining a second communication device;

[0013] determining a third party or third party related information;

[0014] determining whether to perform or not to perform the operation of determining the third party, or determining whether to perform or not to perform the operation of determining the third party related information;

[0015] requesting the second communication device to authenticate a first object, the first object comprising at least one of: the terminal identifier, a source terminal device of the terminal identifier, a terminal device indicated by the terminal identifier;

[0016] sending the terminal identifier to the second communication device;

[0017] wherein,

[0018] the terminal identifier is used to identify one or more terminal devices;

[0019] the third party related information is information used to index, identify or indicate a third party;

[0020] the first information is information used to index, identify or indicate one of: a second communication device, a certificate holder, an authentication device, an operation subject.

[0021] In a second aspect, a method for performing an action is provided, comprising:

[0022] The second communication device performs a second action, the second action comprising at least one of:

[0023] receiving a terminal identifier sent by a first communication device;

[0024] authenticating a first object;

[0025] sending an authentication result of the first object to the first communication device;

[0026] wherein,

[0027] the first object comprises at least one of: the terminal identifier, a source terminal device of the terminal identifier, a terminal device indicated by the terminal identifier;

[0028] the terminal identifier is used to identify one or more terminal devices.

[0029] In a third aspect, a method for performing an action is provided, comprising:

[0030] The third communication device performs a third behavior, the third behavior comprising:

[0031] sending at least one of the first indication information, the first information, the third information, the third-party related information, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, the fourth information, the fifth information;

[0032] wherein,

[0033] the first information is information for indexing, identifying or indicating one of the following: the second communication device, the certificate holder, the authentication device, the operating subject;

[0034] the third information comprises at least one of the following: the first indication information, information for indicating the position of the first information in the terminal device identifier, information for indicating which of the terminal identifiers belong to the first information, information for indicating the length of the terminal identifier, information for indicating the coding structure of the terminal identifier, the fourth information, information for indicating which information in the terminal identifier can be used to identify or filter the terminal device, information for indicating the position of the fourth information in the terminal identifier; the fourth information is information for identifying or filtering the terminal device;

[0035] the third-party related information is information for indexing, identifying or indicating the third party;

[0036] the first indication information is used to indicate one of the following: the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by the first entity, the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by the third party, the entity that allocates or defines the terminal identifier; the first entity comprises one of the following: an operator, 3GPP.

[0037] In a fourth aspect, a behavior execution method is provided, comprising:

[0038] The fourth communication device performs a fourth behavior, the fourth behavior comprising at least one of the following:

[0039] determining at least one of the following corresponding to the third party: the first indication information, the first information, the third information, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, the fourth information, the fifth information;

[0040] sending at least one of the first indication information, the first operation related information, the first information, the third information, the third-party related information, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, the fourth information, the fifth information;

[0041] wherein,

[0042] The related information of the first operation includes at least one of the following: the first information, the third information, and third-party related information.

[0043] The first information is information for indexing, identifying, or indicating one of the following: the second communication device, the certificate holder, the authentication device, and the operation subject.

[0044] The third information includes at least one of the following: the first indication information, information for indicating the position of the first information in the terminal identifier, information for indicating which of the terminal identifiers belong to the first information, information for indicating the length of the terminal identifier, information for indicating the coding structure of the terminal identifier, the fourth information, information for indicating which of the information in the terminal identifier can be used to identify or filter the terminal device, and information for indicating the position of the fourth information in the terminal identifier; the fourth information is information for identifying or filtering the terminal device.

[0045] The third-party related information is information for indexing, identifying, or indicating a third party.

[0046] The first indication information is used to indicate one of the following: the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by a first entity, the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by a third party, and an entity that allocates or defines the terminal identifier.

[0047] The first entity includes one of the following: an operator and 3GPP.

[0048] In a fifth aspect, a behavior execution method is provided, including:

[0049] A fifth communication device performs a fifth behavior, which includes sending a terminal device identifier.

[0050] The terminal identifier is used to identify one or more terminal devices.

[0051] The terminal identifier includes at least one of the following:

[0052] The first indication information, the first information, the second information, the third-party related information, the third-party terminal identifier, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, the fourth information, and the fifth information.

[0053] The first information is information for indexing, identifying, or indicating one of the following: the second communication device, the certificate holder, the authentication device, and the operation subject.

[0054] The first indication information is used to indicate one of the following: the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by a first entity, the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by a third party, and an entity that allocates or defines the terminal identifier.

[0055] The first entity includes one of the following: an operator, 3GPP;

[0056] The second information includes at least one of the following: first indication information, information indicating the position of the first information in the terminal identifier, information indicating which information in the terminal identifier belongs to the first information, information indicating the length of the terminal identifier, information indicating the coding structure of the terminal identifier;

[0057] The third party related information is information for one of the following: indexing, identifying or indicating the third party;

[0058] The second indication information is used to indicate whether the network identifier is used for or not used for indexing, identifying or indicating the second object;

[0059] The third indication information is used to indicate one of the following: the third party is a certificate holder or the third party is not a certificate holder; the third party related information is used for or not used for indexing, identifying or indicating the second object;

[0060] The fourth indication information is used to indicate whether the terminal identifier includes or does not include the first information;

[0061] The fifth information is used to distinguish the type of information used for indexing, identifying or indicating the second object;

[0062] Among them,

[0063] The second object includes one of the following: a second communication device, a certificate holder, an authentication device, an operator subject.

[0064] In a sixth aspect, a behavior execution apparatus is provided, comprising:

[0065] A first execution module is configured to execute a first behavior, and the first behavior includes at least one of the following:

[0066] Receive one or more terminal identifiers;

[0067] Determine the first information;

[0068] Determine the second communication device;

[0069] Determine the third party or the third party related information;

[0070] Determine whether to perform or not to perform the operation of determining the third party, or determine whether to perform or not to perform the operation of determining the third party related information;

[0071] Request the second communication device to authenticate the first object, and the first object includes at least one of the following: the terminal identifier, the source terminal device of the terminal identifier, and the terminal device indicated by the terminal identifier;

[0072] sending the terminal identifier to the second communication device;

[0073] wherein,

[0074] the terminal identifier is used to identify one or more terminal devices;

[0075] the third-party related information is information used to index, identify or indicate a third party;

[0076] the first information is information used to index, identify or indicate one of the following: a second communication device, a certificate holder, an authentication device, an operating subject.

[0077] In a seventh aspect, a behavior execution apparatus is provided, and the apparatus comprises:

[0078] a second execution module configured to execute a second behavior, the second behavior comprising at least one of:

[0079] receiving a terminal identifier sent by a first communication device;

[0080] authenticating a first object;

[0081] sending an authentication result of the first object to the first communication device;

[0082] wherein,

[0083] the first object comprises at least one of: the terminal identifier, a source terminal device of the terminal identifier, a terminal device indicated by the terminal identifier;

[0084] the terminal identifier is used to identify one or more terminal devices.

[0085] In an eighth aspect, a behavior execution apparatus is provided, and the apparatus comprises:

[0086] a third execution module configured to execute a third behavior, the third behavior comprising:

[0087] sending at least one of: first indication information, first information, third information, third-party related information, second indication information, third indication information, fourth indication information, fourth information, fifth information;

[0088] wherein,

[0089] the first information is information used to index, identify or indicate one of the following: a second communication device, a certificate holder, an authentication device, an operating subject.

[0090] The third information includes at least one of the following: first indication information, information indicating the position of the first information in the terminal device identifier, information indicating which of the terminal identifiers belong to the first information, information indicating the length of the terminal identifier, information indicating the coding structure of the terminal identifier, fourth information indicating which information in the terminal identifier can be used to identify or screen the terminal device, and information indicating the position of the fourth information in the terminal identifier; the fourth information is information used to identify or screen the terminal device.

[0091] The third-party related information is information used to index, identify or indicate the third party.

[0092] The first indication information is used to indicate one of the following: the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by a first entity, the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by a third party, and the entity allocating or defining the terminal identifier; the first entity includes one of the following: an operator and 3GPP.

[0093] In a ninth aspect, a behavior execution apparatus is provided, comprising:

[0094] A fourth execution module is configured to execute a fourth behavior, the fourth behavior including at least one of the following:

[0095] The third party is determined to correspond to at least one of the following: first indication information, first information, third information, second indication information, third indication information, fourth indication information, fourth information and fifth information.

[0096] At least one of the following is sent: first indication information, information related to a first operation, first information, third information, third-party related information, second indication information, third indication information, fourth indication information, fourth information and fifth information.

[0097] Among them,

[0098] The information related to the first operation includes at least one of the following: first information, third information and third-party related information.

[0099] The first information is information used to index, identify or indicate one of the following: a second communication device, a certificate holder, an authentication device and an operating subject.

[0100] The third information includes at least one of the following: first indication information, information indicating the position of the first information in the terminal identifier, information indicating which of the terminal identifiers belong to the first information, information indicating the length of the terminal identifier, information indicating the coding structure of the terminal identifier, fourth information, information indicating which of the information in the terminal identifier can be used to identify or screen the terminal device, information indicating the position of the fourth information in the terminal identifier; the fourth information is information used to identify or screen the terminal device;

[0101] The third-party related information is information used for one of the following: indexing, identifying, or indicating the third party;

[0102] The first indication information is used to indicate one of the following: the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by a first entity, the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by a third party, and an entity allocating or defining the terminal identifier;

[0103] The first entity includes one of the following: an operator and 3GPP.

[0104] In a tenth aspect, a behavior execution apparatus is provided, including:

[0105] A fifth execution module is configured to execute a fifth behavior, and the fifth behavior includes sending a terminal device identifier.

[0106] The terminal identifier is used to identify one or more terminal devices.

[0107] The terminal identifier includes at least one of the following:

[0108] The first indication information, the first information, the second information, the third-party related information, the third-party terminal identifier, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, the fourth information, and the fifth information.

[0109] The first information is information used to index, identify, or indicate one of the following: a second communication device, a certificate holder, an authentication device, and an operating subject.

[0110] The first indication information is used to indicate one of the following: the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by a first entity, the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by a third party, and an entity allocating or defining the terminal identifier;

[0111] The first entity includes one of the following: an operator and 3GPP.

[0112] The second information includes at least one of the following: first indication information, information indicating the position of the first information in the terminal identifier, information indicating which information in the terminal identifier belongs to the first information, information indicating the length of the terminal identifier, information indicating the coding structure of the terminal identifier;

[0113] The third-party related information is information for one of the following: indexing, identifying, or indicating the third party;

[0114] The second indication information is used to indicate whether the network identifier is used for or not used for indexing, identifying, or indicating the second object;

[0115] The third indication information is used to indicate one of the following: the third party is a certificate holder or the third party is not a certificate holder; the third-party related information is used for or not used for indexing, identifying, or indicating the second object;

[0116] The fourth indication information is used to indicate whether the terminal identifier includes or does not include the first information;

[0117] The fifth information is used to distinguish the type of information used for indexing, identifying, or indicating the second object;

[0118] Among them,

[0119] The second object includes one of the following: a second communication device, a certificate holder, an authentication device, and an operating subject.

[0120] In a eleventh aspect, a communication device is provided, which includes a processor and a memory, the memory stores programs or instructions executable on the processor, and the programs or instructions are executed by the processor to implement the steps of the method according to the first aspect, or implement the steps of the method according to the second aspect, or implement the steps of the method according to the third aspect, or implement the steps of the method according to the fourth aspect, or implement the steps of the method according to the fifth aspect.

[0121] In a tenth aspect, a communication system is provided, which includes at least two of the following: a first communication device, a second communication device, a third communication device, and a fourth communication device, the first communication device is used to implement the steps of the behavior execution method according to the first aspect, the second communication device is used to implement the steps of the behavior execution method according to the second aspect, the third communication device is used to implement the steps of the behavior execution method according to the third aspect, the fourth communication device is used to implement the steps of the behavior execution method according to the fourth aspect, or implement the steps of the method according to the fifth aspect.

[0122] In a eleventh aspect, a readable storage medium is provided, and the readable storage medium stores a program or instructions, and the program or instructions are executed by a processor to implement the steps of the method in the first aspect, or implement the steps of the method in the second aspect, or implement the steps of the method in the third aspect, or implement the steps of the method in the fourth aspect, or implement the steps of the method in the fifth aspect.

[0123] In a twelfth aspect, a chip is provided, and the chip includes a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface is coupled with the processor, and the processor is configured to run a program or instructions to implement the steps of the method in the first aspect, or implement the steps of the method in the second aspect, or implement the steps of the method in the third aspect, or implement the steps of the method in the fourth aspect, or implement the steps of the method in the fifth aspect.

[0124] In a thirteenth aspect, a computer program / program product is provided, and the computer program / program product is stored in a storage medium, and the computer program / program product is executed by at least one processor to implement the steps of the method in the first aspect, or implement the steps of the method in the second aspect, or implement the steps of the method in the third aspect, or implement the steps of the method in the fourth aspect, or implement the steps of the method in the fifth aspect.

[0125] In the embodiments of the present application, the first communication device performs a first behavior, and the first behavior includes at least one of the following: receiving one or more terminal identifiers; determining first information; determining a second communication device; determining a third party or third party related information; determining whether to perform or not to perform an operation of determining the third party, or determining whether to perform or not to perform an operation of determining the third party related information; requesting the second communication device to authenticate a first object, and the first object includes at least one of the following: the terminal identifier, a source terminal device of the terminal identifier, and a terminal device indicated by the terminal identifier; and sending the terminal identifier to the second communication device, which explicitly determines a manner of determining a corresponding authentication device or certificate holder, and on the other hand, also explicitly determines information included in the identifier of the terminal device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0126] FIGS. 1A-1E are block diagrams of a wireless communication system to which embodiments of the present application can be applied;

[0127] FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a behavior execution method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0128] FIG. 3 is a flowchart of another behavior execution method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0129] FIG. 4 is a flowchart of another behavior execution method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0130] FIGS. 5-1 and 5-2 are flowcharts of another method for performing behavior according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0131] FIGS. 6A-6L are diagrams of terminal identification according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0132] FIGS. 7A-7F are flowcharts of a behavior performing process in an application scenario according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0133] FIGS. 8A-8B are diagrams of terminal identification according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0134] FIG. 9 is a structural diagram of a behavior performing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0135] FIG. 10 is a structural diagram of another behavior performing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0136] FIG. 11 is a structural diagram of another behavior performing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0137] FIGS. 12-1 and 12-2 are structural diagrams of another behavior performing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0138] FIG. 13 is a structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0139] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0140] The terms "first", "second", and the like in the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the terms used in this way can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first", "second" are generally of a kind, and are not limited to the number of objects, for example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, "or" in the present application means at least one of the connected objects. For example, "A or B" covers three schemes, namely, scheme one: including A and not including B; scheme two: including B and not including A; scheme three: including A and including B. The character " / " generally represents that the objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0141] It is worth noting that the technology described in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to Long Term Evolution (LTE) / LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, but can also be used in other wireless communication systems, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single-carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) and other systems. The terms "system" and "network" in the embodiments of the present application are often used interchangeably, and the described technology can be used in the above-mentioned systems and radio technologies, as well as other systems and radio technologies. The following description describes a New Radio (NR) system for example purposes, and NR terminology is used in most of the following description, but these technologies can also be applied to applications other than NR system applications, such as 6th Generation (6G) communication systems. th

[0142] Problem one: The identity of the terminal device (such as an AIoT device) can be an operator-assigned identity or a third-party-assigned identity. The operator-assigned identity is generally an index that finds an authentication device using a network identity (such as a Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) identity (Identifier, ID), a network identifier (Network identifier, NID)) or information corresponding to the network identity. However, the third-party-assigned identity can be diverse, and the information used to index the authentication device is different, and the location in the identity can also be different. Therefore, how to determine the identity of the terminal device corresponding to the authentication device is a problem to be solved.

[0143] The solution should try to reduce the complexity of simplifying AIoT devices and try to put the impact on the network side.

[0144] In one solution, the terminal identity (i.e., the identity of the terminal device) includes information indicating the location of the first information. The first information can be information used to identify or index an authentication device, as shown in FIG. 6A.

[0145] ​In this way, no matter whether the terminal identity is a third party assigned or defined terminal identity or a carrier assigned or defined terminal identity, the first information can be found in the terminal identity according to the information indicating the location of the first information, and the authentication device is determined according to the first information. Note that the location of the first information in different third party assigned or defined terminal identities can be different.

[0146] In this way, the length of the terminal identity is increased. In addition, for the carrier assigned identity, the information indicating the location of the first information is redundant.

[0147] In another solution, the terminal identity is third party assigned or carrier assigned (or Third Generation Partnership Projects (3GPP) defined) can be distinguished by an indication information (such as 1 bit indication information).

[0148] For the carrier assigned or defined terminal identity, the authentication device can be determined by the identity of the network (such as at least one of PLMN ID or Mobile Country Code (MCC), Mobile Network Code (MNC) and Network Identifier (NID)) or information corresponding to the network identity.

[0149] In this way, for the third party assigned or defined terminal identity, the first information is still determined by the "information indicating the location of the first information".

[0150] In this way, the length of the third party assigned or defined terminal identity is increased.

[0151] In yet another solution, since the terminal device sends the terminal identity is triggered by a reader. The reader is triggered because it receives a request to perform a first operation. The first operation (including at least one of the following: inventory operation, read operation, write operation, disable operation, etc.) is requested by a third party through an Application Function (AF). Therefore, there is a relationship between the terminal identity and the first operation. The first information and the authentication device can be determined by the AF providing auxiliary information.

[0152] In this way, in the case that the AF requests the first operation, the related information of the first operation can include at least one of the following: third party related information (information used to index, identify, indicate or identify the third party), information used to indicate that the terminal identifier is assigned by the third party or the operator, information used to indicate the location of the first information, information used to indicate the coding structure of the terminal identifier, and information used to indicate which information in the terminal identifier belongs to the first information. Through the related information of the first operation, in the case that the reader performs the first operation, the reader obtains the terminal identifier of the response of the terminal device and sends it to the core network device.

[0153] The core network device knows that the terminal identifier is the terminal identifier corresponding to the first operation, and according to at least one of the following in the related information of the first operation: information used to indicate that the terminal identifier is assigned by the third party or the operator, information used to indicate the location of the first information, and information used to indicate the coding structure of the terminal identifier, the first information in the terminal identifier and the authentication device can be determined.

[0154] In an implementation, according to the information used to indicate the location of the first information, the first information or the authentication device is determined.

[0155] In another implementation, according to the information used to indicate the coding structure of the terminal identifier (and the information used to indicate which information in the terminal identifier belongs to the first information), the first information or the authentication device is determined. For example, the structure of the terminal identifier is A.B.C.D, wherein A.B is used for the first information, and the authentication device can be indexed.

[0156] In this way, in the first operation requested by the AF at a time, only one type of terminal identifier can be indicated, that is, the terminal identifier of the target AIoT device of the first operation cannot be both an operator-assigned or defined terminal identifier and a third-party-assigned or defined terminal identifier, but can be only one of the above.

[0157] In yet another solution, since the terminal device sends the terminal identifier is triggered by the reader. The reader is triggered because it receives a requirement to perform the first operation. And the first operation (including at least one of the following: inventory operation, read operation, write operation, disable operation, etc.) is requested by the third party through the AF. Therefore, there is a relationship between the terminal identifier and the first operation. The auxiliary information can be configured locally through the network, the auxiliary information can be indexed according to the third party related information in the AF request, and the first information and the authentication device can be determined according to the auxiliary information.

[0158] In this mode, the network preconfigures information corresponding to the third party, which includes at least one of the following: third party related information (information used for indexing, identifying, indicating or identifying the third party), information indicating that the terminal identifier is allocated by the third party or the operator, information indicating the location of the first information, information indicating the coding structure of the terminal identifier, and information indicating which information in the terminal identifier belongs to the first information.

[0159] Therefore, in the case of requesting the first operation, the related information of the first operation can include third party related information (information used for indexing, identifying, indicating or identifying the third party, such as the identifier of the AF or the identifier of the third party).

[0160] According to the third party related information, the information corresponding to the third party preconfigured in the network can be indexed.

[0161] Through these information, in the case of performing the first operation by the reader / writer, the reader / writer obtains the terminal identifier of the response of the terminal device and sends it to the core network device. The core network device knows that the terminal identifier is the obtained terminal identifier in the first operation, and according to at least one of the following in the related information of the first operation: information indicating that the terminal identifier is allocated by the third party or the operator, information indicating the location of the first information, the first information in the terminal identifier can be determined.

[0162] In an embodiment, according to the information indicating the location of the first information, the first information or the authentication device can be determined.

[0163] In another embodiment, according to the information indicating the coding structure of the terminal identifier (and the information indicating which information in the terminal identifier belongs to the first information), the first information or the authentication device can be determined. For example, the structure of the terminal identifier is A.B.C.D, in which A.B is used for the first information, and the authentication device can be indexed.

[0164] Problem two: the length of the terminal identifier allocated or defined by different third parties may be different, and the length of the terminal identifier allocated or defined by the operator and the third party may also be different.

[0165] Solution, on the basis of the solution to problem one, the length information of the terminal identifier is added.

[0166] Problem three: in addition to determining the authentication device, how to identify the terminal, index the certificate, and screen the terminal, the terminal identifier also needs to be solved. Therefore, how to construct the terminal identifier and what information it contains also needs to be solved

[0167] FIG. 1A shows a block diagram of a wireless communication system to which embodiments of the present application can be applied. The wireless communication system includes a terminal 11 and a network device 12.

[0168] The terminal 11 can be a mobile phone, a Tablet Personal Computer, a Laptop Computer, a notebook computer, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), a palm computer, a netbook, an Ultra-mobile Personal Computer (UMPC), a Mobile Internet Device (MID), an Augmented Reality (AR) device, a Virtual Reality (VR) device, a robot, a wearable device, a flight vehicle, a Vehicle User Equipment (VUE), a shipboard device, a Pedestrian User Equipment (PUE), a smart home (a home device with a wireless communication function, such as a refrigerator, a television, a washing machine, or furniture, etc.), a game console, a Personal Computer (PC), a kiosk, or a self-service machine, etc. The wearable device includes a smart watch, a smart bracelet, a smart earphone, smart glasses, smart jewelry (a smart bracelet, a smart necklace, a smart ring, a smart necklace, a smart anklet, a smart necklace, etc.), a smart wristband, smart clothing, an AIoT device, a reader / writer, etc. The vehicle-mounted device can also be referred to as a vehicle-mounted terminal, a vehicle-mounted controller, a vehicle-mounted module, a vehicle-mounted component, a vehicle-mounted chip, or a vehicle-mounted unit, etc. It should be noted that the specific type of the terminal 11 is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. The AIoT device or the reader / writer can be a terminal.

[0169] The network device 12 can include an access network device or a core network device.

[0170] The access network device can also be referred to as a radio access network (RAN) device, a radio access network function or a radio access network unit. The access network device can include a base station, a wireless local area network (WLAN) access point (AP) or a wireless fidelity (WiFi) node, etc. Among them, the base station can be referred to as a node B (NB), an evolved node B (eNB), a next generation node B (gNB), a new radio node B (NR node B), an access point, a relay base station (RBS), a serving base station (SBS), a base transceiver station (BTS), a radio base station, a radio transceiver, a basic service set (BSS), an extended service set (ESS), a home node B (HNB), a home evolved node B, a transmission reception point (TRP), a reader or some other appropriate term in the art, as long as the same technical effect is achieved. The base station is not limited to a specific technical term, and it should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, only the base station in the NR system is taken as an example for introduction, and the specific type of the base station is not limited.

[0171] The core network device can include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: a core network node, a core network function, a Mobility Management Entity (MME), an Access and / or Mobility Management Function (AMF), a Session Management Function (SMF), a User Plane Function (UPF), a Policy Control Function (PCF), a Policy and Charging Rules Function (PCRF), an Edge Application Server Discovery Function (EASDF), a Unified Data Management (UDM), a Unified Data Repository (UDR), a Home Subscriber Server (HSS), a Centralized network configuration (CNC), a Network Repository Function (NRF), a Network Exposure Function (NEF), a Local NEF (or L-NEF), a Binding Support Function (BSF), an Application Function (AF), and the like. It should be noted that only the core network device in the NR system is taken as an example for introduction in the embodiments of the present application, and the specific type of the core network device is not limited.But not limited to at least one of the following: core network node, core network function, mobility and / or management entity (MME), access and / or mobility management function (AMF), session management function (SMF), user plane function (UPF), policy control function (PCF), policy and charging rules function (PCRF), edge application service discovery function (EASDF), unified data management (UDM), unified data repository (UDR), home subscriber server (HSS), centralized network configuration (CNC), network repository function (NRF), network exposure function (NEF), local NEF (L-NEF), binding support function (BSF), application function (AF), AIoT function, etc. It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, only the core network equipment in the NR system is taken as an example for description, and the specific type of the core network equipment is not limited.

[0172] FIG. 1B shows a block diagram of a wireless communication system to which embodiments of the present application can be applied. In this scenario, the wireless communication system includes a core network device 1-1, an access network device 1-2, and a reader 1-3; wherein the core network device 1-1 and the access network device 1-2 can be the specific description in the example in FIG. 1A. The reader 1-3 can also be referred to as an interrogator device, such as a terminal, a relay device, an integrated access backhaul (IAB) device, etc.

[0173] FIG. 1C shows a block diagram of a wireless communication system to which embodiments of the present application can be applied. In this scenario, the wireless communication system includes a core network device 2-1 and a reader 2-2, where the core network device 2-1 can be as specifically described in the example of FIG. 1A, and the reader 2-2 is specifically an access network device, which can be as specifically described in the example of FIG. 1A.

[0174] FIG. 1D shows a block diagram of a wireless communication system to which embodiments of the present application can be applied. In this scenario, the wireless communication system includes a core network device 3-1 (optional), a reader 3-2, an intermediate device 3-3, and an AIoT device 3-4. The core network device 3-1 can be as specifically described in the example of FIG. 1A, which will not be described herein again. The reader 3-2 can also be referred to as an interrogator device, such as a terminal, a relay device, an integrated access backhaul (IAB) device, and the like. The AIoT device 3-4 refers to a device capable of responding to an AIoT task. It should be noted that, as shown in FIG. 1D, there can be AIoT devices that are far away and cannot be covered by the access network device or the reader device, in which case the coverage range can be expanded by means of the intermediate device to communicate with the AIoT device, or the intermediate device assists the communication between the AIoT device and other network devices (such as the access network device or the reader).

[0175] FIG. 1E shows a block diagram of a wireless communication system to which embodiments of the present application can be applied. In this scenario, the wireless communication system includes a core network device 4-1 (optional), an access network device 4-2, a reader 4-3, and an AIoT device 4-4. The core network device 4-1 and the access network device 4-2 can be as specifically described in the example of FIG. 1A. The reader can also be referred to as an interrogator device, such as a terminal, a relay device, an integrated access backhaul (IAB) device, and the like. The AIoT device 4-4 refers to a device capable of responding to an AIoT task. As shown in FIG. 1E, the reader can directly communicate with the AIoT device without the aid of an intermediate device. The wireless access network device can perform radio resource control for the reader device.

[0176] In an optional embodiment of the present application, a call can be understood as a request.

[0177] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the third-party related information is information for one of the following: indexing, identifying, or indicating a third party. The third-party related information can be referred to simply as information of a third party.

[0178] The authentication device is a device that supports an authentication function or is responsible for authentication, and includes but is not limited to one of the following:

[0179] An authentication server (e.g., an Authentication, Authorization, and / or Accounting (AAA) server);

[0180] An authentication network element (e.g., an Authentication Server Function (AUSF)) operated by an operational body;

[0181] Other authentication devices.

[0182] The third party can be other than at least one of the first entity and the terminal device. Optionally, in an embodiment, the third party includes at least one of:

[0183] A certificate holder,

[0184] An operational body (e.g., a company, an organization, an entity, etc.),

[0185] An entity performing at least one of the following: managing terminal identities, allocating terminal identities, defining terminal identities, managing terminal devices, owning terminal devices, producing terminal devices, operating terminal devices, operating terminal identities in service;

[0186] An operational entity or an operational body.

[0187] Optionally, the context of the third party, or the information corresponding to the third party (e.g., at least one of: first information corresponding to the third party, second information corresponding to the third party, third information corresponding to the third party, fourth information corresponding to the third party, first indication information corresponding to the third party, fifth information corresponding to the third party, etc.) can include one of: information in an agreement between the third party and the network, third-party corresponding information provided by the third party (e.g., sent to the network by the AF), or locally configured third-party corresponding information.

[0188] In an embodiment, the fourth information can be fourth information corresponding to the third party.

[0189] In an embodiment, the fifth information can be fifth information corresponding to the third party.

[0190] In an embodiment, the information for identifying or screening terminal devices can be used to identify or screen one or more terminal devices.

[0191] In an embodiment of the present application, the information for identifying or screening terminal devices (such as information for indicating and / or screening AIoT devices) can be used to indicate, identify, and / or screen one or more terminal devices (such as AIoT devices).

[0192] The information for identifying or screening the terminal device includes at least one of the following: an identifier of the terminal device, an identifier for identifying a group of terminal devices (referred to as a group identifier), matching information, and information for indicating a feature of the terminal device.

[0193] 1In an embodiment of the present application, the information for identifying or screening the terminal device includes an identifier of the terminal device. At this time, one terminal device can be specified by the identifier of the terminal device. A plurality of terminal devices can be specified by a plurality of identifiers of the terminal devices. It is not difficult to understand that the identifier of the terminal device can be unique to the terminal device and not shared by other terminal devices.

[0194] 2In an embodiment of the present application, the information for identifying or screening the terminal device includes an identifier for identifying a group of terminal devices (referred to as a group identifier). At this time, a group of terminal devices can be specified by the group identifier. It is not difficult to understand that the group identifier of the terminal device can be unique to the group of terminal devices and not shared by other groups of terminal devices.

[0195] 3In an embodiment of the present application, the information for identifying or screening the terminal device can not include an identifier of the terminal device. The information for identifying or screening the terminal device can include matching information (which can not include an identifier of the terminal device). The matching information can not be unique to each terminal device, but can be applicable to a group of terminal devices (i.e., one or more terminal devices). Moreover, the number of the group of terminal devices can be indefinite. For example, the identifier of the terminal device can be determined after the terminal device feeds back the identifier of the terminal device. When the terminal device has the matching information or has information corresponding to the matching information, the terminal device can be considered as a target terminal device (i.e., a terminal device that successfully matches the information for identifying or screening the terminal device, a terminal device of the first operation).

[0196] For example 1, the terminal device stores the matching information, such as "AAA", and the terminal device also has "AAA", which is considered as a successful match. It is not difficult to understand that there can be a plurality of terminal devices that store "AAA".

[0197] For example 2, the terminal device stores information corresponding to the matching information (which can be different from the matching information but corresponds to the matching information), such as "AAA", and the terminal device has "BBB". Since AAA and BBB have a corresponding relationship, it is also considered as a successful match. It is not difficult to understand that there can be a plurality of terminal devices that store "BBB".

[0198] In another implementation, the information used to identify or filter the terminal device includes an identity of the terminal device. In this case, one terminal device can be specified by its identity, and multiple terminal devices can be specified by their identities. It is understood that the identity of the terminal device is unique to the terminal device and is not shared by other terminal devices.

[0199] 4: In an implementation of the present application, the information used to identify or filter the terminal device includes information indicating a feature of the terminal device. Since different terminal devices have different features, the information indicating the feature of the terminal device can be used to identify and / or filter the terminal device.

[0200] In an implementation, the first indication information can be understood as and replaced by information indicating a coding structure of the terminal identity. For example, when the information indicating the coding structure of the terminal identity takes a first entity, it can indicate that the terminal identity is a terminal identity assigned or defined by the first entity. When the information indicating the coding structure of the terminal identity does not take the first entity (e.g., takes a scheme of an Electronic Product Code (EPC) or an Allocation Class or a Class of a TAG Identifier (TID)), it can indicate that the terminal identity is a terminal identity assigned or defined by a third party. It is understood that this approach can be compatible with various coding structures and can naturally know the fields in each coding.

[0201] In another implementation, the first indication information can be understood as and replaced by a network identity. For example, when the network identity takes a certain specific value, it can indicate that the terminal identity is a terminal identity assigned or defined by a third party. When the network identity does not take the certain specific value, it can indicate that the terminal identity is a terminal identity assigned or defined by the first entity.

[0202] In another implementation, the first indication information is different from the network identity or the information indicating the coding structure of the terminal identity. For example, it is an indication that takes a value indicating one of the following: the terminal identity is a terminal identity assigned or defined by the first entity, and the terminal identity is a terminal identity assigned or defined by a third party. It is understood that this approach has less overhead.

[0203] Optionally, the information indicating the coding structure of the terminal identity includes at least one of the following: information identifying a coding result (e.g., an identity of the coding result), and information describing the coding structure (e.g., at least one of a meaning, a position, a length, an arrangement, and an order of a field in the coding structure).

[0204] In an optional embodiment of the application, determining can be understood as deciding.

[0205] In an optional embodiment of the application, the traffic originated by the terminal device can be triggered by the traffic, signaling or data terminated at the terminal device, which can be referred to as DO-DTT: Device-originated-device-terminated triggered (DO-DTT), such as The device originated traffic is triggered by the device terminated traffic or signaling.

[0206] In an optional embodiment of the application, the traffic terminated at the terminal device can be referred to as DT (Device-terminated (DT), such as The traffic is terminated at the AIoT device.

[0207] In an optional embodiment of the application, the information includes at least one of the following: signaling (such as control plane data), data (such as user plane data), and at least one of traffic.

[0208] In an embodiment, the traffic includes at least one of the following: signaling, data. In another embodiment, the traffic includes data and does not include signaling.

[0209] It should be noted that, optionally, the first terminal device can be one terminal device, which is described, explained and limited in the application. The description, explanation and limitation of the terminal device can also be applied to the first terminal device. The first terminal device can be referred to as the first terminal.

[0210] In an embodiment, the active communication can mean at least one of the following:

[0211] The terminal device can actively initiate communication, such as one of the following: selecting a network (such as selecting a cell, cell update), accessing a network, mobile location update;

[0212] The terminal device can actively access the first object.

[0213] In an embodiment, the passive communication can mean at least one of the following:

[0214] The terminal device cannot or does not actively initiate communication with the first object;

[0215] The terminal device cannot or does not actively access the first object;

[0216] The terminal device needs to be triggered by the operating device (e.g., paging) to communicate with the first object or to access the first object.

[0217] The first object includes one of the following: an operating device (e.g., a reader / writer), an intermediate device, a cell, an access device, an access network device, a first communication device, or a network.

[0218] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the terminal device includes one or more terminal devices. In an optional embodiment of the present application, the AIoT function can also be referred to as a function of management and / or control of the operation on the terminal device (e.g., AIoT device). The AIoT function includes but is not limited to at least one of the following:

[0219] 1) responsible for the management and control of AIoT operations (i.e., operations on terminal devices, which can also be referred to as one of the following: AIoT tasks, AIoT processes);

[0220] 2) determine whether to authorize the customer's AIoT operation request;

[0221] 3) distribute AIoT operations to the reader / writer or the device in direct communication with the terminal device (directly sent or forwarded through other network elements);

[0222] 4) receive AIoT operation execution results;

[0223] 5) summarize AIoT operation execution results;

[0224] 6) send AIoT operation results to the customer.

[0225] Optionally, the AIoT function can further include at least one of the following: a first AIoT function, a second AIoT function:

[0226] For example, the first AIoT function includes but is not limited to at least one of the following:

[0227] 1) responsible for the management and control of AIoT operations (also referred to as one of the following: AIoT tasks, AIoT processes);

[0228] 2) authorize the corresponding AIoT operation according to the customer's AIoT operation request;

[0229] 3) distribute AIoT operations to the second AIoT function (directly sent or forwarded through other network elements);

[0230] 4) receive AIoT operation task execution results;

[0231] 5) summarize AIoT operation task execution results;

[0232] 6) send the execution result of the AIoT task to the customer.

[0233] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the AIoT function can also be referred to as an AIoT management and / or control network function. The AIoT function includes but is not limited to at least one of the following:

[0234] 1) receive an AIoT operation;

[0235] 2) distribute the AIoT operation to a reader or a device in direct communication with a terminal device (directly sent or forwarded through other network elements);

[0236] 3) receive the execution result of the AIoT operation;

[0237] 4) aggregate the execution result of the AIoT operation;

[0238] 5) send the execution result of the AIoT task to the first AIoT function.

[0239] In an embodiment, the AIoT operation request is used to request an AIoT operation.

[0240] In an embodiment, the AIoT function can be a separate network function, or an existing network function (such as an AMF (e.g., an AMF supporting an AIoT function) or an NEF (e.g., an NEF supporting an AIoT function)).

[0241] In an embodiment, the NEF can support a first AIoT function, and the AMF can support a second AIoT function or an AIoT function.

[0242] In an embodiment of the present application, the first operation can also be referred to as an AIoT operation (operation on a terminal device).

[0243] In an embodiment, the AIoT operation can also be referred to as one of the following: AIoT task, AIoT process, AIoT command, AIoT service.

[0244] In an embodiment, the first operation can also be referred to as one of the following: first task, first process, first command, first service.

[0245] Optionally, the source of the operation on the terminal device can be different, including at least one of the following:

[0246] 1) an AF or a third party (such as an application server) requests an operation on a terminal device, such as inventorying a target terminal device, reading a target terminal device, writing a target terminal device, enabling a target terminal device, disabling a target terminal device, etc.

[0247] 2) operation requirement for the terminal device generated from a core network device (e.g., an AIoT function), or operation for the terminal device generated by the core network device (e.g., an AIoT function); for example, interacting with the target terminal device, obtaining information of the terminal device, or configuring information to the target terminal device;

[0248] 3) operation requirement (e.g., operation command) for the terminal device from a reader, an access network device (e.g., a RAN), or a user equipment (UE), or operation for the terminal device generated by the reader, the RAN, or the UE.

[0249] Optionally, the target terminal device includes one or more terminal devices. The target terminal device can be determined by information for indicating and / or screening the terminal device. The target terminal device can be an operation object or an operation target (terminal device) of the first operation (including related operations of the first operation). Or the target terminal device is used to refer to one or more terminal devices.

[0250] The first operation (also referred to as an AIoT operation) can include one or more operations for the terminal device; the terminal device can be one or more terminal devices.

[0251] In an implementation, the first operation (e.g., operation performed on the terminal device) is at least one of the following:

[0252] 1) operation of checking the terminal device (e.g., at least one of screening the terminal device, paging the terminal device, querying the terminal device, discovering the terminal device, identifying the terminal device, and obtaining an identifier of the terminal device);

[0253] 2) at least one of screening the terminal device, discovering the terminal device, identifying the terminal device, obtaining an identifier of the terminal device, authenticating the terminal device, and authorizing the terminal device (which can be referred to as operation of checking the terminal device);

[0254] 3) obtaining information of the terminal device (e.g., information stored by the terminal device, information sensed by an AIoT associated sensor, which can be referred to as a read operation or operation of reading information; in an implementation, only obtaining an identifier of the terminal device can not belong to the read operation);

[0255] 4) configuring information to the terminal device (which can be referred to as a write operation or operation of writing information);

[0256] 5) enabling RF capability of the terminal device (which can be referred to as an activation operation or an enabling operation);

[0257] 6) disabling RF capability of the terminal device (which can be referred to as a deactivation operation or a disabling operation);

[0258] 7) control terminal device to execute a command (such as sending a command to the terminal device, controlling the terminal device associated with the actuator or the terminal device to execute the command. It can be referred to as a control operation)

[0259] 8) locate terminal device, etc.

[0260] 9) operation of delivering information to the terminal device; (in an embodiment, the information can be transparent to at least one of the reader / writer and the CN device (such as AIoT function))

[0261] 10) operation of obtaining information from the terminal device (in an embodiment, the information can be transparent to at least one of the reader / writer and the CN device (such as AIoT function)).

[0262] In another embodiment, the operation on the terminal device is at least one of the following:

[0263] 1) inventory operation (may also be named differently), including at least one of the following: screening terminal device, paging terminal device, querying terminal device, discovering terminal device, identifying terminal device, obtaining identification of terminal device, authenticating terminal device, authorizing terminal device;

[0264] 2) positioning operation, including locating terminal device;

[0265] 3) command operation.

[0266] Optionally, the command operation includes at least one of the following:

[0267] 1) obtaining information of terminal device;

[0268] 2) configuring information to terminal device;

[0269] 3) turning on RF capability of terminal device;

[0270] 4) turning off RF capability of terminal device;

[0271] 5) controlling terminal device, etc.

[0272] Optionally, the command operation (may also be referred to as operation of interacting information with terminal device) includes at least one of the following:

[0273] 1) operation of delivering information to terminal device; (in an embodiment, the information can be transparent to at least one of the reader / writer and the CN device (such as AIoT function))

[0274] 2) operation of obtaining information from terminal device (in an embodiment, the information can be transparent to at least one of the reader / writer and the CN device (such as AIoT function)).

[0275] It is not difficult to understand that when the information can be transparent to at least one of the reader and the CN device (such as AIoT function), the information transmitted to the terminal device does not need to be distinguished: the configuration information sent to the terminal device, the control command sent to the terminal device. The information obtained from the terminal device does not need to be distinguished: the configuration information sent by the terminal device, the response of the control command to the terminal device, and the information read from the terminal device.

[0276] But it is not difficult to understand that the command operation, read operation, write operation, control operation, activation operation, and deactivation operation also need to perform at least one of the following: screening terminal devices, paging terminal devices, querying terminal devices, discovering terminal devices, identifying terminal devices, authenticating terminal devices, and authorizing terminal devices.

[0277] It should be noted that the information for requesting to perform the first operation (which can be referred to as the information for requesting the first operation) can include information for requesting to perform the related operation of the first operation.

[0278] The related operation of the first operation (which can also be referred to as the operation related to the first operation) includes but is not limited to the first operation, such as: according to the first operation (such as the command operation (such as the write operation)), the related operation of the first operation can be determined: according to the requested first operation, the related operation of the first operation can be determined, and the related operation of the first operation includes at least one of the following: screening terminal devices, paging terminal devices, querying terminal devices, discovering terminal devices, identifying terminal devices, obtaining the identity of the terminal device, authenticating terminal devices, and authorizing terminal devices. It is not difficult to understand that in an implementation, the first operation such as the command operation (such as the write operation) can be performed on the terminal device on the basis of screening, paging, querying, discovering, identifying, and / or authenticating the terminal device.

[0279] Optionally, the first command includes one of the following: an AIoT command, a command that can be implemented by communicating with the terminal device; the first command requires communication with the terminal device.

[0280] Optionally, the first operation command includes one of the following: an AIoT command, an operation command that can be implemented by communicating with the terminal device; the first operation command requires communication with the terminal device.

[0281] Optionally, the first task includes one of the following: an AIoT task, a task that can be implemented by communicating with the terminal device; the first task requires communication with the terminal device.

[0282] Optionally, the first process includes one of the following: an AIoT process, a process that can be implemented by communicating with the terminal device; the first process requires communication with the terminal device.

[0283] Optionally, the first service includes one of the following: an AIoT service, a service that can be implemented by communicating with the terminal device; or, the first service requires at least one of the following: communication with the terminal device, requiring the terminal device to respond.

[0284] The reader can also be referred to as a reader function.

[0285] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the reader can include at least one of the following: a base station reader (a reader function connected with a RAN function and a UE), a UE reader (a reader function connected with a RAN function through a Uu interface), or an intermediate device (such as a UE reader).

[0286] Optionally, the device that communicates with the terminal device includes at least one of the following: the first communication device, the second communication device, and the third communication device.

[0287] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the first communication device or the reader (such as a reader) can be a device with one of the following characteristics:

[0288] An access device (also referred to as an AIoT wireless access device or an AIoT wireless access system) that supports at least one of the following: communication with the terminal device, communication with the terminal device based on a first interface, and execution of an AIoT operation; (it is not difficult to understand that the terminal device needs to communicate through the reader, so the reader can be referred to as an access device)

[0289] A device that communicates with the terminal device (such as a device that directly communicates with the terminal device) or a device that communicates with the terminal device based on a first interface;

[0290] An access device that accesses a wireless communication system as a terminal device;

[0291] A device that supports a first interface;

[0292] A device that supports a first radio access technology (RAT).

[0293] A device that supports at least one of the following operations: inventory, reading, writing, and an AIoT operation.

[0294] In an optional embodiment of the present application, communication with the terminal device includes execution of an AIoT operation on the terminal device. The AIoT operation is also referred to as a first operation.

[0295] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the first RAT can be a RAT used for AIoT (such as providing an AIoT service), and the first RAN can be different from NB IOT, the second generation (2 ndGeneration, 2G), the third generation (3 rd Generation, 3G), the fourth generation (4 th Generation, 4G), or the fifth generation (5 th Generation, 5G) and the like existing RATs.

[0296] In an embodiment of the present application, the reader-writer device can also be referred to as an interrogator device.

[0297] In an embodiment of the present application, the reader-writer device is a device that communicates between an intermediate device and a core network device, such as a terminal (such as a UE), an IAB, a relay device, and the like.

[0298] Optionally, the reader-writer device can refer to a device (such as a UE, such as a base station) that supports the function of a reader-writer. That is, in an embodiment, the reader-writer device can not only support the function of a reader-writer, but also support other functions; in another embodiment, the reader-writer device only supports the function of a reader-writer.

[0299] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the reader-writer (reader) can also be referred to as one of the following: a reader-writer device, a terminal of an AIoT service, an interrogator, a reader, a query device, a communicator, a scanner, a programmer, a lone device, a portable reader, an automatic device identification device, and the like. The present application does not limit the naming of the reader-writer.

[0300] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the reader-writer can be a terminal (such as a UE), or an access network device, or a device with a reading and writing function. The device with a reader-writer function includes but is not limited to one of the following: a UE with a reader-writer function, an access network device with a reader-writer function.

[0301] In an embodiment, the reader-writer device is a device that reads (and sometimes writes) label information, which is the original definition. It can also be understood as a device that communicates with a label, which can be a terminal (such as a UE), a base station, or a device with a reading and writing function, such as a reader-writer, without limitation.

[0302] In an embodiment, the second interface includes at least one of the following:

[0303] Unlike the existing Next Generation (NG) interface between the RAN and the CN,

[0304] The first communication device (such as a "device that supports communication with a terminal device", a reader-writer) and the AIoT function interface;

[0305] The first communication device (e.g., a device supporting communication with a terminal device, a reader / writer) interfaces with the AMF function indirectly;

[0306] The first communication device (e.g., a device supporting communication with a terminal device, a reader / writer) interfaces with the core network device.

[0307] In an embodiment, the device supporting communication with a terminal device is one of the following:

[0308] 1) a device supporting communication with a terminal device through a first interface, wherein the first interface is an access layer of an air interface supported by the terminal device;

[0309] 2) a device supporting communication with a terminal device through a wireless interface;

[0310] 3) a fourth communication device, such as a UDM, a UDR, an NRF, an AIoT function, a second AIoT function;

[0311] 4) an AIoT function, a second AIoT function;

[0312] 5) a first AIoT function: an AIoT function part directly connected with a RAN.

[0313] 6) an AMF access management and / or mobility management function.

[0314] In an embodiment, the communication mode with the capability of backscattering or without active signal generation means backscattering on an externally provided carrier.

[0315] In an embodiment, the active signal generation means that the terminal device generates a signal by itself.

[0316] Optionally, the second interface can be in the following ways:

[0317] Way one: reuse the NG interface, for example, a base station supports both terminal device (new radio interface) communication and UE (traditional uu interface) communication, and new information elements (IEs) are added to the mandatory information of the NG interface;

[0318] Way two: reuse the NG interface, but for example, a base station only supports terminal device (new radio interface), at this time, new indication can be added to ignore the mandatory IEs that already exist but are not applicable to terminal devices, such as Default Paging DRX;

[0319] Way three: introduce a new interface, for example, a second NG interface.

[0320] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the first interface is a wireless interface between the first communication device or reader and the terminal device. In an embodiment, the first interface can be another air interface different from the Uu interface or the Peripheral Component Interconnect Express 5 (PC5) interface. In another embodiment, the first interface can be an enhancement of the Uu interface or an enhancement of the PC5 interface.

[0321] In an embodiment of the present application, the information for indicating and / or screening the terminal device (such as the information for indicating and / or screening the AIoT device) can be used to indicate and / or screen one or more terminal devices (such as AIoT devices).

[0322] The information for indicating and / or screening the terminal device includes at least one of the following: an identifier of the terminal device, an identifier for identifying a group of terminal devices (referred to as a group identifier), matching information, and information for indicating a feature of the terminal device.

[0323] 1In an embodiment of the present application, the information for indicating and / or screening the terminal device includes an identifier of the terminal device. In this case, the identifier of one terminal device can specifically refer to one terminal device. The identifiers of multiple terminal devices can specifically refer to multiple terminal devices. It is not difficult to understand that the identifier of the terminal device can be unique to the terminal device and not shared by other terminal devices.

[0324] 2In an embodiment of the present application, the information for indicating and / or screening the terminal device includes an identifier for identifying a group of terminal devices (referred to as a group identifier). In this case, the group identifier can specifically refer to a group of terminal devices. It is not difficult to understand that the group identifier of the terminal device can be unique to the group of terminal devices and not shared by other groups of terminal devices.

[0325] 3In an embodiment of the present application, the information for indicating and / or screening the terminal device can not include an identifier of the terminal device. The information for indicating and / or screening the terminal device can include matching information (which can not include an identifier of the terminal device). The matching information can not be unique to each terminal device, but can be applicable to a group of terminal devices (i.e., one or more terminal devices). Moreover, the number of this group of terminal devices can be indeterminate. For example, the identifier of the terminal device can be determined after the terminal device feeds back the identifier of the terminal device. When the terminal device has the matching information or has information corresponding to the matching information, the terminal device can be considered as a target terminal device (i.e., a terminal device that successfully matches the information for indicating and / or screening the terminal device, a terminal device of the first operation).

[0326] For example 1, the terminal device stores the matching information, for example, the matching information is "AAA", and the terminal device also stores "AAA", which belongs to a matching success. It is not difficult to understand that there can be multiple terminal devices that store "AAA".

[0327] For example 2, the terminal device stores information corresponding to the matching information (which can be different from the matching information but corresponds to the matching information), for example, the matching information is "AAA", and the terminal device is "BBB". Since AAA and BBB have a corresponding relationship, it also belongs to a matching success. It is not difficult to understand that there can be multiple terminal devices that store "BBB".

[0328] In another implementation, the information for indicating and / or screening the terminal device includes an identifier of the terminal device. At this time, through the identifier of one terminal device, one terminal device can be specified. Through the identifiers of multiple terminal devices, multiple terminal devices can be specified. It is not difficult to understand that the identifier of the terminal device is a unique identifier of the terminal device, which is not shared by other terminal devices.

[0329] 4: In an embodiment of the present application, the information for indicating and / or screening the terminal device includes information for indicating the characteristics of the terminal device. Since the characteristics of different terminal devices are different, the information for indicating the characteristics of the terminal device can play a role in indicating and / or screening the terminal device.

[0330] Optionally, the object requesting the first operation refers to: a requestor (also can be called a client) requesting the first operation. The requestor can be a certificate holder (such as a certificate holder of an AIoT device). The object requesting the first operation can be one or more.

[0331] In an embodiment, the object can be called one of the following: a client, an owner, an owner, a certificate holder (such as a certificate holder of a terminal device).

[0332] In an embodiment of the present application, the service area or the supported service area is at least one of the following: an area providing an AIoT service, an area in communication with a terminal device (such as an area of direct communication), an area supporting an AIoT operation.

[0333] In an embodiment, the AIoT service is a service that can meet the operation needs (such as a first operation) of a client, a network, or a reader-writer to a terminal device.

[0334] In an embodiment, the supported service area is different from the TA list supported by the existing RAN device. Therefore, the supported service area can be represented by additional area information (i.e., area information different from TA). Alternatively, the existing supported TA list (such as the supported TA List in the existing NG interface request message) is understood as a first TA, and the supported service area is understood as a second TA. When the RAN device supports communication with the UE and communication with the terminal device at the same time, the first TA list and the second TA list can be provided at the same time. The second TA list is different from the first TA list. When the RAN device supports communication with the terminal device, the second TA list can be provided. That is, the information for indicating the supported service area can be a second list.

[0335] The first communication device (such as a reader / writer) can communicate with the terminal device directly or through an intermediate device. Sometimes, the first communication device is far away from the terminal device, and the first communication device can extend the coverage of the reader / writer through the intermediate device. At this time, the intermediate device is also called a reader / writer or a component of the reader / writer.

[0336] In an embodiment, the intermediate device can be an intermediate node between the terminal device 11 and other devices (such as an access network device or a reader / writer), but is not limited to this. The intermediate device can expand the coverage of the other device or assist the communication between the terminal device 11 and other network devices (such as an access network device or a reader / writer), but is not limited to this.

[0337] In an embodiment, the intermediate device is a device through which the terminal and the RAN communicate. The intermediate device can be one of the following: a terminal (such as a UE), an IAB, a relay, and the like.

[0338] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the terminal device is also called one of the following: a tag, a terminal device of an AIoT service, a responding device (such as a responding device of an AIoT task or operation), an ultra-low-power-consumption terminal device, an ultra-low-complexity terminal device, a zero-power-consumption terminal device, a zero-power-consumption terminal device, and the like. The embodiments of the present application are not limited in this regard. It should be understood that if the terminal device provided by the embodiments of the present application adopts backscattering technology, the terminal device can also be called a backscattering communication device or a backscattering device.

[0339] In an embodiment, the terminal device can be a tag or an electronic tag (i.e., a Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tag). The tag is a common name of RFID.

[0340] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the terminal device can be classified based on energy source, backscatter technology or the ability to generate active signals, energy storage capability, passive communication or active communication, etc., including multi-class devices.

[0341] In an embodiment, the radio frequency identification technology of the terminal device can be divided into active, passive and semi-active three kinds. The passive terminal device can also be called Passive IOT, i.e. passive Internet of Things device.

[0342] In an embodiment, the communication mode of the terminal device can be one of the following: backscatter RF signal for signal transmission, or the ability to generate active signals.

[0343] In an embodiment, the energy of the terminal device can come from the environment, such as RF energy, thermal energy, wind energy, or kinetic energy, etc., which can also be called Ambient IoT.

[0344] In an embodiment, the terminal device can be regarded as an AIoT service terminal device, and therefore can also be regarded as a terminal device. The terminal device can be referred to as a terminal device.

[0345] The terminal device may, for example, but not limited to, one of the following:

[0346] (1) For example, at least one of the following is met: passive device (Passive Device) with energy storage capability, no independent signal generation / amplification capability, and data transmission using backscatter technology.

[0347] (2) For example, at least one of the following is met: a semi-passive device (semi-passive Device) also belongs to the Passive Device category. It has energy storage capability, no independent signal generation capability, and data transmission using backscatter technology. Among them, the stored energy can be used for amplification of reflected signals.

[0348] (3) An active device (Active Device) with energy storage capability and independent signal generation capability, i.e. with an active radio frequency component for data transmission.

[0349] (4) A passive device: no energy storage, data transmission using backscatter technology.

[0350] In an embodiment, the terminal device can be a device with at least one of the following characteristics: first characteristic, second characteristic, third characteristic, fourth characteristic.

[0351] In an embodiment, the terminal device can be a device with one of the following features:

[0352] - a device for passive communication;

[0353] - an IoT device powered by energy harvesting;

[0354] - an initial sampling frequency offset greater than or equal to a first value (e.g., the first value is 10X ppm, etc.);

[0355] - a device with limited energy storage capability;

[0356] - a device in communication with a reader (e.g., a device in direct communication with a reader), or a device in communication with a reader based on a second interface;

[0357] - a device capable of performing or responding to an AIoT task or an AIoT operation;

[0358] - a device capable of accessing a wireless communication system through a reader;

[0359] - a device supporting a second interface;

[0360] - a device supporting a first RAT.

[0361] In an embodiment, the terminal device is an IoT device that is not an NB IOT device. In another embodiment, the NB IOT device includes a terminal device (e.g., a terminal device for active communication)

[0362] In an embodiment, the terminal device includes a low-cost, low-complexity, low-energy, or low-power IoT device.

[0363] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the AIoT capability includes a capability of communicating with the terminal device (e.g., a capability of directly communicating with the terminal device through an air interface). The capability of communicating with the terminal device can also be referred to as a capability of directly communicating with the terminal device.

[0364] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the first communication device or reader (which can be referred to as a reader) can be a device with one of the following features:

[0365] 1) a device in communication with a terminal device (e.g., an AIoT device) (e.g., a device in direct communication with the terminal device) or a device in communication with the terminal device based on a first interface;

[0366] 2) an access device for a terminal device to access a wireless communication system;

[0367] 3) a device supporting a first interface;

[0368] 4) a device supporting a first RAT;

[0369] 5) a device supporting at least one of the following functions: inventory, read, write, and performing an AIoT operation.

[0370] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the communication with the terminal device comprises performing an AIoT operation (also referred to as a first behavior, a second behavior, a second behavior, a fourth operation, or a third behavior) on the terminal device.

[0371] In an embodiment of the present application, the reader-writer device can also be referred to as an interrogator device, and the reader-writer device is a device for communication between an intermediate device and a core network device, such as a terminal device, an IAB, a relay device, etc.

[0372] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the reader-writer can also be referred to as one of the following: a read-write device, a terminal device providing an AIoT service, an interrogator, a reader, a query device, a communicator, a scanner, a programmer, a lone device, a portable reader, an automatic device identification device, etc.

[0373] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the reader-writer can be a terminal (such as a UE) or an access network device (such as a base station), or a device having at least one of the following functions: inventory, read, write, and performing an AIoT operation.

[0374] The reader-writer can include but is not limited to one of the following: a UE type reader-writer and a base station type reader-writer. The UE type reader-writer refers to a reader-writer accessing the network in the form of a UE, and the base station type reader-writer refers to a reader-writer accessing the network in the form of a base station.

[0375] The device with reader-writer function includes but is not limited to one of the following: a UE with reader-writer function and an access network device with reader-writer function.

[0376] In an embodiment, the reader-writer device is a device that reads (and sometimes writes) tag information, which is the original definition. It can also be understood as a device that communicates with a tag, such as a terminal (such as a UE), a base station, or a device with read-write function, such as a reader-writer, which is not limited here.

[0377] In an embodiment of the present application, the information for indicating and / or screening the terminal device can be used to indicate and / or screen one or more terminal devices.

[0378] The supported service area matches the target area of the first operation, including at least one of the following: the supported service area includes all or part of the target area of the first operation.

[0379] AIoT function: providing AIoT management, control (such as the function of task distribution, reader selection, etc.).

[0380] The operation is not only the task in the application, but also the interaction signaling generated by the core network itself, the interaction signaling generated by the UE and the RAN, etc.

[0381] The operation can be referred to as a task, a service, a function, etc.

[0382] The first behavior, the second behavior, and the third behavior can include one or more operations on the terminal device, and the terminal device can be one or more.

[0383] In an embodiment, the operation on the terminal device includes at least one of the following:

[0384] 1) inventory operation on the terminal device (such as at least one of screening one or more terminal devices, discovering one or more terminal devices, identifying one or more terminal devices, and obtaining the identification of one or more terminal devices);

[0385] 2) at least one of screening one or more terminal devices, discovering one or more terminal devices, identifying one or more terminal devices, and obtaining the identification of one or more terminal devices (which can be referred to as an inventory operation on the terminal device);

[0386] 3) obtaining information of one or more terminal devices (such as information stored by the terminal device, information perceived by an AIoT associated sensor, which can be referred to as a read operation or an operation of reading information; in an embodiment, only obtaining the identification of one or more terminal devices does not belong to the read operation);

[0387] 4) configuring information to one or more terminal devices (which can be referred to as a write operation or an operation of writing information);

[0388] 5) enabling the RF capability of the terminal device (which can be referred to as an activation operation or an enabling operation);

[0389] 6) disabling the RF capability of one or more terminal devices (which can be referred to as a deactivation operation or a disabling operation);

[0390] 7) controlling one or more terminal devices (such as issuing a command to the terminal device, controlling the actuator associated with the terminal device or the terminal device to execute the command, which can be referred to as a control operation), etc.

[0391] However, it is not difficult to understand that the command operation, the read operation, the write operation, the control operation, the activation operation, and the deactivation operation also need to perform at least one of the following: screening the terminal device, discovering the terminal device, and identifying the terminal device.

[0392] The task includes one of the following: an AIoT task, a task that can be implemented by communicating with a terminal device; the task requires communication with the terminal device.

[0393] The service includes one of the following: an AIoT service, a service that can be implemented by communicating with a terminal device; the service requires communication with the terminal device.

[0394] The operation includes one of the following: an AIoT operation, an operation that can be implemented by communicating with a terminal device; the operation requires communication with the terminal device.

[0395] The function includes one of the following: an AIoT function, a function that can be implemented by communicating with a terminal device; the function requires communication with the terminal device.

[0396] The terminal device is an AIoT-capable device.

[0397] The session can also be referred to as an association or a process, such as the first session can be referred to as the first association or the first process.

[0398] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the AIoT device is referred to as a terminal device of an AIoT service (which can be referred to as an AIoT terminal device for short). Broadly, the terminal device also includes the AIoT device. Alternatively, the AIoT device includes the terminal device. In a narrow sense, only the UE supporting the AIoT device function belongs to the AIoT device.

[0399] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the AIoT device includes a device with AIoT device capability, such as a UE supporting AIoT device capability.

[0400] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the AIoT device is also referred to as one of the following: a tag, a terminal device of an AIoT service, a responding device (such as a responding device of an AIoT task or operation), an ultra-low-power terminal device, an ultra-low-complexity terminal device, a zero-power terminal device, a zero-power terminal device, etc. The embodiments of the present application do not limit this. It should be understood that if the AIoT device provided by the embodiments of the present application adopts backscatter technology, the AIoT device can also be referred to as a backscatter communication device or a backscatter device.

[0401] In an implementation, the AIoT device can be a tag or an electronic tag (i.e., an RFID tag). The tag is a common name of RFID. RFID is the abbreviation of Radio Frequency Identification (Radio Frequency Identification).

[0402] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the AIoT devices can be classified based on energy source, backscatter technology or the ability to generate active signals, energy storage capability, passive communication or active communication, etc., including multi-class devices.

[0403] In an embodiment, the radio frequency identification technology of the AIoT device can be divided into active, passive and semi-active three kinds. The passive AIoT device can also be called Passive IOT, i.e. passive Internet of Things device.

[0404] In an embodiment, the communication mode of the AIoT device can be one of the following: backscatter RF signal for signal transmission, or the ability to generate active signals.

[0405] In an embodiment, the energy of the AIoT device can come from the environment, such as RF energy, thermal energy, wind energy, or kinetic energy, etc., which can also be called Ambient IoT.

[0406] In an embodiment, the AIoT device can be regarded as a terminal device of AIoT service, and therefore can also be regarded as a terminal device. The AIoT device can be called a terminal device.

[0407] The AIoT device is, for example but not limited to, one of the following:

[0408] (1) For example, at least one of the following is satisfied: passive device (Passive Device) with energy storage capability, no independent signal generation / amplification capability, and data transmission using backscatter technology.

[0409] (2) For example, at least one of the following is satisfied: a semi-passive device (semi-passive Device) also belongs to the large category of passive devices (Passive Device). It has energy storage capability and no independent signal generation capability, and data transmission using backscatter technology. Among them, the stored energy can be used for amplification of reflected signals.

[0410] (3) An active device (Active Device) has energy storage capability and independent signal generation capability, i.e. has an active radio frequency component for data transmission.

[0411] (4) A passive device: no energy storage, data transmission using backscatter technology.

[0412] In an embodiment, the AIoT device can be a device with at least one of the following characteristics: a first characteristic, a second characteristic, a third characteristic, a fourth characteristic.

[0413] In an embodiment, the AIoT device can be a device with one of the following characteristics:

[0414] a device that is passive in communication;

[0415] an IoT device that is powered by energy harvesting;

[0416] an initial sampling frequency offset greater than or equal to a first value (such as 10X ppm, etc.);

[0417] a device with limited energy storage capability;

[0418] a device that communicates with a reader (such as a device that directly communicates with a reader), or a device that communicates with a reader based on a second interface;

[0419] a device that is capable of performing, or responding to, an AIoT task or an AIoT operation;

[0420] a device that is capable of accessing a wireless communication system through a reader;

[0421] a device that supports a second interface;

[0422] a device that supports a first RAT.

[0423] In an embodiment, the AIoT device is not an IoT device that is an NB IOT device. In another embodiment, the NB IOT device includes an AIoT device (such as an AIoT device that is active in communication)

[0424] In an embodiment, the AIoT device includes an IoT device that is low cost, low complexity, low power, or low power consumption.

[0425] In an optional embodiment of the application, the active communication is further distinguished as one of the following: 1) DOA Device-originated - autonomous active communication; 2) DO-DTT Device-originated - device-terminated triggered active communication. For example, only a device that receives a downlink trigger signaling initiates.

[0426] In an embodiment of the application, the permission includes authorization.

[0427] In an embodiment of the application, the authorization is permitted.

[0428] In one embodiment of this application, the anchor gateway is also called the gateway that terminates the N6 interface, which is the interface between the mobile communication network and the data network (DN).

[0429] In one optional embodiment of this application, the second communication device and the third communication device may be co-located.

[0430] In one optional embodiment of this application, the AIoT capability includes the ability to communicate with AIoT devices (e.g., the ability to communicate directly with AIoT devices via an air interface). The ability to communicate with AIoT devices can also be referred to as the ability to communicate directly with AIoT devices.

[0431] The reader can also be referred to as the reader function.

[0432] In one optional embodiment of this application, the reader may include at least one of the following: a base station reader (with RAN function and the reader function of the device), a UE reader (with RAN function connected to the reader function via Uu interface), or an intermediate device (such as a UE reader).

[0433] In one optional embodiment of this application, the first communication device or reader (which may be referred to as a reader) may be a device having one of the following characteristics:

[0434] 1) A device that communicates with an AIoT device (such as a device that communicates directly with an AIoT device) or a device that communicates with an AIoT device based on a first interface;

[0435] 2) As an access device for AIoT devices to access the wireless communication system (also known as an AIoT wireless access device or AIoT wireless access system);

[0436] 3) Devices that support the first interface;

[0437] 4) Devices that support the first RAT;

[0438] 5) Devices that support at least one of the following functions: inventory, read, write, or perform AIoT operations.

[0439] In one optional embodiment of this application, communicating with an AIoT device includes performing an AIoT operation on the AIoT device (also referred to as a first action, second action, third action, fourth action, or third action).

[0440] In one embodiment of this application, the reader device may also be referred to as an interrogator device. The reader device is a device for communication between intermediate devices and core network devices, such as a terminal (e.g., UE), IAB, relay device, etc.

[0441] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the read-write device can also be referred to as one of the following: a read-write device, a terminal (such as a UE) providing an AIoT service, an interrogator, a reader, a query device, a communicator, a scanner, a programmer, a lone device, a portable reader, an automatic device identification device, etc.

[0442] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the read-write device can be a terminal (such as a UE) or an access network device (such as a base station), or a device with at least one of the following functions: inventory, read, write, and perform AIoT operations.

[0443] The read-write device can include but is not limited to one of the following: a UE-type read-write device and a base station-type read-write device. The UE-type read-write device refers to a read-write device that accesses the network in the UE mode, and the base station-type read-write device refers to a read-write device that accesses the network in the base station mode.

[0444] The device with read-write function includes but is not limited to one of the following: a UE with read-write function and an access network device with read-write function.

[0445] In an embodiment, the read-write device is a device that reads (and sometimes writes) tag information, which is the original definition. It can also be understood as a device that communicates with the tag, such as a terminal (such as a UE) or a base station, or a device with read-write function, such as a read-write device, which is not limited here.

[0446] In an embodiment of the present application, the information for indicating and / or screening AIoT devices can be used to indicate and / or screen one or more AIoT devices.

[0447] The supported service area matches the target area of the first operation, including at least one of the following: the supported service area includes all or part of the target area of the first operation.

[0448] AIoT function: providing AIoT management, control (such as task distribution function, read-write device selection, etc.).

[0449] The operation is not only a task in the application, but also an interactive signaling generated by the core network itself, an interactive signaling generated by the UE and the RAN, etc.

[0450] The operation can be referred to as a task, a service, a function, etc.

[0451] The first behavior, the second behavior, and the third behavior can include one or more operations on the AIoT device, and the AIoT device can be one or more.

[0452] In an implementation, the operation on the AIoT device includes at least one of:

[0453] 1) an operation of inventorying the AIoT device (such as at least one of screening one or more AIoT devices, discovering one or more AIoT devices, identifying one or more AIoT devices, obtaining an identification of one or more AIoT devices);

[0454] 2) at least one of screening one or more AIoT devices, discovering one or more AIoT devices, identifying one or more AIoT devices, obtaining an identification of one or more AIoT devices (which can be referred to as an operation of inventorying the AIoT device);

[0455] 3) obtaining information of one or more AIoT devices (such as information stored by the AIoT device, information sensed by a sensor associated with the AIoT device, which can be referred to as a read operation, or an operation of reading information; in an implementation, only obtaining an identification of one or more AIoT devices can not belong to the read operation);

[0456] 4) configuring information to one or more AIoT devices (which can be referred to as a write operation, or an operation of writing information);

[0457] 5) enabling an RF capability of the AIoT device (which can be referred to as an activation operation or an enabling operation);

[0458] 6) disabling an RF capability of one or more AIoT devices (which can be referred to as a deactivation operation or a disabling operation);

[0459] 7) controlling one or more AIoT devices (such as issuing a command to the AIoT device, controlling an actuator associated with the AIoT device or the AIoT device to execute the command, which can be referred to as a control operation), and the like.

[0460] But it is not difficult to understand that the command operation, the read operation, the write operation, the control operation, the activation operation, and the deactivation operation also need to perform at least one of the following: screening the AIoT device, discovering the AIoT device, and identifying the AIoT device.

[0461] The task includes one of the following: an AIoT task, a task that can be implemented by communicating with an AIoT device; the task requires communication with the AIoT device.

[0462] The service includes one of the following: an AIoT service, a service that can be implemented by communicating with an AIoT device; the service requires communication with the AIoT device.

[0463] The operation includes one of the following: an AIoT operation, an operation that can be implemented by communicating with an AIoT device; the operation requires communication with the AIoT device.

[0464] The function includes one of the following: an AIoT function, a function that can be implemented by communicating with an AIoT device; the function requires communication with the AIoT device.

[0465] The AIoT device: a device with AIoT capability.

[0466] The session can also be referred to as an association or a process, such as the first session can be referred to as the first association or the first process.

[0467] The information of the last destination for the first AIoT device is unidirectional, and the uplink is the last one, which may also require a downlink response;

[0468] The last information related to the first AIoT device means that it is the last one from both the sending and receiving directions.

[0469] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the AIoT function can also be referred to as an AIoT management and / or control function. The AIoT function includes but is not limited to at least one of the following:

[0470] 1) responsible for the management and control of AIoT operations;

[0471] The AIoT operation can also be referred to as one of the following: AIoT task, AIoT process.

[0472] 2) according to the AIoT operation request of the customer, authorize the corresponding AIoT operation;

[0473] 3) distribute AIoT operations to readers or devices that directly communicate with AIoT devices (directly send or forward through other network elements);

[0474] 4) receive AIoT behavior execution results;

[0475] 5) summarize AIoT behavior execution results;

[0476] 6) send the execution results of the AIoT task to the customer.

[0477] Optionally, the AIoT function can further include at least one of the following: AIoT first function, AIoT second function.

[0478] For example, the AIoT first function includes but is not limited to at least one of the following:

[0479] 1) responsible for the management and control of AIoT operations;

[0480] 2) according to the AIoT operation request of the customer, authorize the corresponding AIoT operation;

[0481] 3) distribute the AIoT operation to the AIoT second function (directly send or forward through other network elements);

[0482] 4) receive the AIoT operation task execution result;

[0483] 5) aggregate the AIoT operation task execution result;

[0484] 6) send the AIoT task execution result to the customer.

[0485] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the AIoT function can also be referred to as an AIoT management and / or control network function. The AIoT function includes but is not limited to at least one of the following:

[0486] 1) receive the AIoT operation;

[0487] 2) distribute the AIoT operation to the reader or the device in direct communication with the AIoT device (directly send or forward through other network elements);

[0488] 3) receive the AIoT behavior execution result;

[0489] 4) aggregate the AIoT behavior execution result;

[0490] 5) send the AIoT task execution result to the AIoT first function. In an embodiment, the AIoT operation request is used to request the AIoT operation.

[0491] In an embodiment, the AIoT function can be a separate network function, or an existing network function (such as AMF (such as AMF supporting AIoT function) or NEF (such as NEF supporting AIoT function)).

[0492] In an embodiment, the NEF can support the AIoT first function, and the AMF can support the AIoT second function.

[0493] The device in communication with the AIoT device includes at least one of the following: the first communication device.

[0494] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the first communication device or the reader can be a device with one of the following characteristics:

[0495] 1) a device in communication with the AIoT device (such as a device in direct communication with the AIoT device) or a device in communication with the AIoT device based on a second interface;

[0496] 2) an access device for the AIoT device to access the wireless communication system;

[0497] 3) a device supporting the second interface;

[0498] 4) a device supporting the first RAT.

[0499] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the communication with the AIoT device comprises performing an AIoT operation (also referred to as a first operation, a second operation, a third operation, a fourth operation, or a fifth operation) on the AIoT device.

[0500] In an embodiment of the present application, the reader-writer device can also be referred to as an interrogator device, and the reader-writer device is a device for communication between the intermediate device and the core network device, such as a terminal, IAB, relay device, etc.

[0501] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the reader-writer can also be referred to as one of the following: a reader-writer device, a terminal of an AIoT service, an interrogator, a reader, a query device, a communicator, a scanner, a programmer, a lone device, a portable reader, an automatic device identification device, etc.

[0502] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the reader-writer can be a terminal (such as a UE) or an access network device, or a device with reading and writing functions. The device with reader-writer functions includes but is not limited to one of the following: a UE with reader-writer functions, an access network device with reader-writer functions.

[0503] In an embodiment, the reader-writer device is a device that reads (and sometimes writes) tag information, which is the original definition. It can also be understood as a device that communicates with a tag, which can be a terminal or a base station, or a device with reading and writing functions, such as a reader-writer, which is not limited here.

[0504] The first communication device (such as a reader-writer) can directly communicate with the AIoT device or communicate with the AIoT device through an intermediate device. Sometimes, the first communication device is far away from the AIoT device, and the first communication device can expand the coverage range of the reader-writer. At this time, the intermediate device is also called a reader-writer or a component of the reader-writer.

[0505] In an embodiment, the intermediate device can be an intermediate node between the AIoT device and other devices (such as an access network device or a reader-writer), but is not limited to this. The intermediate device can expand the coverage range of the other device, or assist the communication between the AIoT device and other network devices (such as an access network device or a reader-writer), but is not limited to this.

[0506] In an embodiment, the intermediate device is a device for communication between the AIoT device and the RAN, and the intermediate device can be one of the following: a UE, an IAB, a relay, etc.

[0507] The intermediate device can also be referred to as an intermediate node device or an intermediate node.

[0508] Ambient Internet of Things refers to a technology that uses ambient energy harvesting technology to convert the available signals and energy around the ambient into power to drive the circuit itself, and uses a communication mode with backscattering as the core to realize information transmission to the target node.

[0509] Ambient Internet of Things (AIoT), also known as Ambient power-enabled Internet of Things (Ambient power-enabled IoT), is a kind of IoT service. AIoT device is a kind of low-power IoT device, and the overall power consumption of such device is low, including low-power signal reception and low-power signal transmission. Due to the low overall power consumption, the communication energy can come from the environment, such as wind energy, kinetic energy, thermal energy, radio frequency (RF) signal, etc. AIoT device can also be described as passive IoT device or responding device.

[0510] In an optional embodiment of the present application, AIoT device is referred to as terminal of AIoT service (which can be referred to as AIoT terminal for short). In a broad sense, terminal also includes AIoT device. Or, AIoT device includes terminal. In a narrow sense, only UE supporting AIoT device function belongs to AIoT device.

[0511] In an optional embodiment of the present application, AIoT device includes device with AIoT device capability, such as UE supporting AIoT device capability.

[0512] In an optional embodiment of the present application, AIoT device is also referred to as one of the following: tag, terminal of AIoT service, responding device (such as responding device of AIoT task or operation), ultra-low-power terminal, ultra-low-complexity terminal, zero-power terminal, zero-power terminal, etc. The embodiments of the present application do not limit this. It should be understood that if the AIoT device provided by the embodiments of the present application adopts backscattering technology, the AIoT device can also be referred to as backscattering communication device or backscattering device.

[0513] In an embodiment, the AIoT device can be a tag, or an electronic tag (i.e. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tag). The tag is a common name of RFID. In an optional embodiment of the present application, the AIoT device can be classified based on energy source, backscatter technology or the ability to have active signal generation, energy storage capability, passive communication or active communication, etc., including multiple types of devices.

[0514] In an embodiment, the radio frequency identification technology of the AIoT device can be divided into active, passive and semi-active three kinds. The passive AIoT device can also be called Passive IOT, i.e. passive Internet of Things device.

[0515] In an embodiment, the communication mode of the AIoT device can be one of the following: backscatter Radio Frequency (RF) signal for signal transmission, or the ability to have active signal generation.

[0516] In an embodiment, the energy of the AIoT device can come from the environment, such as RF energy, thermal energy, wind energy, or kinetic energy, etc., which can also be called Ambient IoT.

[0517] In an embodiment, the AIoT device can be regarded as a terminal of AIoT service, and thus can also be regarded as a terminal. The AIoT device can be called a terminal device.

[0518] The AIoT device can be one of the following, for example, but not limited to:

[0519] 1) Passive Device, which has energy storage capability, no independent signal generation / amplification capability, and uses backscatter technology for data transmission.

[0520] 2) A semi-passive Device, which also belongs to the Passive Device category. It has energy storage capability, no independent signal generation capability, and uses backscatter technology for data transmission. Among them, the stored energy can be used for amplification of reflected signals.

[0521] 3) Active Device, which has energy storage capability and independent signal generation capability, i.e. has an active radio frequency component for data transmission.

[0522] 4) a passive device: no energy storage, data transmission using backscatter technology.

[0523] In an embodiment, the AIoT device can be a device with one of the following characteristics:

[0524] 1) an IoT device powered by energy harvesting;

[0525] 2) an initial sampling frequency offset greater than or equal to a first value (such as 10X ppm, etc.);

[0526] 3) a device with limited energy storage capability;

[0527] 4) a device that communicates with a reader (such as a device that communicates directly with a reader), or a device that communicates with a reader based on a first interface;

[0528] 5) a device capable of performing or responding to an AIoT task or AIoT operation;

[0529] 6) a device capable of accessing a wireless communication system through a reader;

[0530] 7) a device that supports a first interface;

[0531] 8) a device that supports a first RAT.

[0532] In an embodiment, the AIoT device is not an IoT device of NB IOT.

[0533] In an embodiment, the AIoT device includes a low-cost, low-complexity, low- energy, or low-power IoT device.

[0534] In an embodiment of the present application, the permission includes authorization.

[0535] In an embodiment of the present application, the authorized representative is allowed.

[0536] It is not difficult to understand that, limited by the capabilities of the AIoT device, the area supported by the first communication device to provide AIoT services can be different for different AIoT devices. For example: for an AIoT device whose uplink transmission mode is through a signal generated by the main device, and for an AIoT device whose uplink transmission mode is backscatter, the area supported by the first communication device to provide AIoT services can be different. Therefore, the service area can be further divided into a service area corresponding to the backscatter mode, and / or a service area corresponding to the active signal generation mode.

[0537] In an embodiment of the present application, the AIoT capability includes a capability of communicating with an AIoT device (such as a capability of directly communicating with the AIoT device through an air interface). The capability of communicating with the AIoT device can also be referred to as the capability of directly communicating with the AIoT device.

[0538] Optionally, obtaining can be understood as obtaining from configuration (such as local configuration), receiving, receiving after requesting, obtaining through self-learning, obtaining according to un-received information, or obtaining after processing received information. The specific method can be determined according to actual needs, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit the same. For example, when a certain capability indication information sent by a device is not received, it can be inferred that the device does not support the capability.

[0539] Optionally, sending can include broadcasting, broadcasting in a system message, and returning after responding to a request.

[0540] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the communication device can include at least one of a communication network element and a terminal.

[0541] In an embodiment of the present application, the communication network element can include at least one of a core network element and a radio access network element.

[0542] In the embodiments of the present application, the core network element (CN element) can include but is not limited to at least one of the following: a core network node, a core network function, a mobility management entity (MME), an access and / or mobility management function (AMF), a session management function (SMF), a user plane function (UPF), a policy control function (PCF), a policy and charging rules function (PCRF), an edge application service discovery function (EASDF), a unified data management (UDM), a unified data repository (UDR), a home subscriber server (HSS), a centralized network configuration (CNC), a network repository function (NRF), a network exposure function (NEF), a local NEF (L-NEF), a binding support function (BSF), an application function (AF), etc., an AIoT function, etc.

[0543] In an embodiment of the present application, the RAN network element can include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: a radio access network device, a radio access network node, a radio access network function, a radio access network unit, a 3GPP radio access network, a non-3GPP radio access network, a centralized unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a base station, an evolved Node B (eNB), a 5G base station (gNB), a radio network controller (RNC), a base station (NodeB), a non-3GPP interworking function (N3IWF), an access controller (AC) node, an access point (AP) device or a wireless local area network (WLAN) node, and an N3IWF.

[0544] The base station can be a base transceiver station (BTS) in a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) or a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) network, a NodeB in a Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) network, an evolved Node B (eNB or e-NodeB) in an LTE network, and a 5G base station (gNB). Embodiments of the present application are not limited.

[0545] AIoT function: providing AIoT management and control (such as task distribution function, reader selection, etc.).

[0546] The operation is not only a task in an application, but also interactive signaling generated by the core network itself, interactive signaling generated by the UE and the RAN, etc.

[0547] The operation can be referred to as a task, a service, a function, etc.

[0548] In an embodiment, the operation on the AIoT device includes at least one of the following:

[0549] 1) inventory operation of AIoT devices (such as at least one of screening one or more AIoT devices, discovering one or more AIoT devices, identifying one or more AIoT devices, obtaining identification of one or more AIoT devices);

[0550] 2) at least one of screening one or more AIoT devices, discovering one or more AIoT devices, identifying one or more AIoT devices, obtaining identification of one or more AIoT devices (which can be referred to as inventory operation of AIoT devices);

[0551] 3) obtaining information of one or more AIoT devices (such as information stored by AIoT devices, information sensed by AIoT associated sensors, which can be referred to as read operation, or operation of reading information; in an implementation, only obtaining identification of one or more AIoT devices can not belong to read operation);

[0552] 4) configuring information to one or more AIoT devices (which can be referred to as write operation, or operation of writing information);

[0553] 5) enabling one or more AIoT RF capabilities (which can be referred to as activation operation or enabling operation);

[0554] 6) disabling RF capabilities of one or more AIoT devices (which can be referred to as deactivation operation or disabling operation);

[0555] 7) controlling one or more AIoT devices (such as issuing a command to AIoT devices, controlling AIoT device associated actuators or AIoT devices to execute the command, which can be referred to as control operation) and the like.

[0556] In another implementation, the operations on AIoT devices include at least one of:

[0557] 1) inventory operation of AIoT devices;

[0558] 2) operations on AIoT devices other than inventory operation of AIoT devices (which can be referred to as command operation).

[0559] Optionally, the command operation includes at least one of:

[0560] 1) obtaining information of one or more AIoT devices;

[0561] 2) configuring information to one or more AIoT devices;

[0562] 3) enabling one or more AIoT RF capabilities;

[0563] 4) disabling RF capabilities of one or more AIoT devices;

[0564] 5) controlling one or more AIoT devices, etc.

[0565] But it is not difficult to understand that the command operation, read operation, write operation, control operation, activation operation, deactivation operation also need to perform at least one of the following: screening AIoT devices, discovering AIoT devices, identifying AIoT devices.

[0566] The task includes one of the following: an AIoT task, a task that can be implemented by communicating with an AIoT device; the task requires communication with the AIoT device.

[0567] The service includes one of the following: an AIoT service, a service that can be implemented by communicating with an AIoT device; the service requires communication with the AIoT device.

[0568] The operation includes one of the following: an AIoT operation, an operation that can be implemented by communicating with an AIoT device; the operation requires communication with the AIoT device.

[0569] The function includes one of the following: an AIoT function, a function that can be implemented by communicating with an AIoT device; the function requires communication with the AIoT device.

[0570] The AIoT device: a device with AIoT capability.

[0571] The session can also be called association or process, such as the first session can be called the first association or the first process.

[0572] The behavior execution method, device, communication device and readable storage medium provided by the embodiments of the application will be described in detail below in combination with the drawings and some embodiments and their application scenarios.

[0573] Please refer to FIG. 2, the embodiment of the application provides a behavior execution method, applied to a first communication device. The first communication device includes but is not limited to at least one of the following: CN device, reader (such as reader function, base station reader, UE reader), or intermediate device (such as UE reader), access network device, access device, wherein the CN device includes at least one of the following: AIoT function or AIoT first function, AMF (such as AMF supporting AIoT function), function responsible for terminal device access and / or mobility management, NEF, the method includes:

[0574] Step 21: the first communication device performs a first behavior;

[0575] Wherein the first behavior includes at least one of the following:

[0576] Receiving one or more terminal identifiers;

[0577] determining the first information;

[0578] determining the second communication device;

[0579] determining the third party or the third party related information;

[0580] determining whether to perform or not to perform the operation of determining the third party, or determining whether to perform or not to perform the operation of determining the third party related information;

[0581] requesting the second communication device to authenticate the first object, the first object comprising at least one of the following: the terminal identifier, the source terminal device of the terminal identifier, the terminal device indicated by the terminal identifier;

[0582] sending the terminal identifier to the second communication device;

[0583] wherein,

[0584] the terminal identifier is used to identify one or more terminal devices;

[0585] the third party related information is information used to index, identify or indicate the third party;

[0586] the first information is information used to index, identify or indicate one of the following: the second communication device, the certificate holder, the authentication device, the operational subject.

[0587] Optionally, in an embodiment, the third party comprises at least one of the following:

[0588] the certificate holder,

[0589] the operational subject (such as a company, an institution, a unit, etc.),

[0590] performing but not limited to at least one entity: managing terminal identifiers, allocating terminal identifiers, defining terminal identifiers, managing terminal devices, owning terminal devices, producing terminal devices, operating terminal devices, operating terminal identifiers in the middle of the operation;

[0591] the operational entity (Operational entity or Operational Body) In an embodiment, the third party is the certificate holder, at this time, the third party related information can be the same as the first information. The certificate holder of the third party AA is also the AA. It is not difficult to understand that in the case where the third party is the certificate holder, the terminal identifier includes the third party related information, and the terminal identifier can not contain the first information additionally.

[0592] In another implementation, the third party is not the certificate holder, but has a corresponding relationship with the certificate holder. The certificate holder can be determined through the third party. For example, the certificate holder of the third party AA is BB, and the third information corresponding to AA includes information used to index, identify or indicate BB. It can be understood that BB can be indexed through AA.

[0593] In one implementation, the first information is a network identifier, or the network identifier is equivalent to the first information. For example, when the network identifier in the terminal identifier is used to index, identify or indicate the second object, the terminal identifier can not need to additionally include another first information (i.e., first information other than the network identifier). The second object can be indexed, identified or indicated through the network identifier.

[0594] The network identifier is a network identifier corresponding to the terminal identifier or a network identifier in the terminal identifier.

[0595] In another implementation, the first information is different from the network identifier. For example, when the network identifier in the terminal identifier is not used to index, identify or indicate the second object, the terminal identifier can further include the first information (e.g., first information different from the network identifier).

[0596] In one implementation, the first information is third party related information or the third party related information is equivalent to the first information. For example, when the third party is the certificate holder, the terminal identifier can not need to additionally include another first information (i.e., first information other than the third party related information). The second object can be indexed, identified or indicated through the third party related information.

[0597] In one implementation, the first information is different from the third party related information. For example, when the third party in the third party related information in the terminal identifier is not the certificate holder, the terminal identifier can further include the first information (e.g., first information different from the third party related information).

[0598] In one implementation, when the terminal identifier does not include the first information, the terminal identifier includes the third party related information; through the third party related information, the first information corresponding to the third party other than the terminal identifier is determined.

[0599] In one implementation, the first information includes the network identifier, and in another implementation, the first information does not include the network identifier.

[0600] In another implementation, the first information can be information used to index, identify or indicate the second object, which is different from at least one of the network identifier and the third party related information. The second object includes one of the following: a second communication device, a certificate holder, an authentication device, and an operation subject.

[0601] For example, the first information can be one of the following:

[0602] Third party related information.

[0603] The first information corresponding to the third party.

[0604] In an embodiment, the first indication information can include or be understood as type information of the terminal identifier. For example, the type of the terminal identifier can include but is not limited to one of the following: the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by the first entity, the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by the third party.

[0605] The third party terminal identifier includes one of the following: EPC, TID, and other terminal identifier allocated or defined by the third party in addition to at least one of the EPC and the TID.

[0606] In an embodiment, the second indication information and the third indication information can be embodied as different values of the type information of the certificate holder. For example, the type of the certificate holder includes at least one of the following:

[0607] The certificate holder designated by the network identifier,

[0608] The third party,

[0609] The certificate holder determined by the first information (such as the first information field), or the certificate holder different from at least one of the network identifier and the third party.

[0610] In an embodiment, the first information field can be a field (such as a field in the terminal identifier) different from at least one of the network identifier and the third party related information.

[0611] Optionally, the determination by the first information includes at least one of the following: determination by the first information in the terminal identifier, or determination by the first information corresponding to the third party (such as the first information other than the terminal identifier).

[0612] In an embodiment, the second indication information and the third indication information can be embodied as different values of the type of the fifth information "information for indexing, identifying or indicating the second object". For example, the fifth information (also referred to as the first type information) includes information indicating at least one of the following:

[0613] The information for indexing, identifying or indicating the second object is the network identifier,

[0614] The information for indexing, identifying or indicating the second object is the third party related information,

[0615] The information used to index, identify or indicate the second object is the first information (such as the first information field which is different from at least one of the network identity and the third party).

[0616] For example, the fifth information (also referred to as the first type of information) includes information indicating at least one of:

[0617] The information used to index, identify or indicate the second object is the network identity,

[0618] The information used to index, identify or indicate the second object is the first information (such as the first information which is different from the network identity)

[0619] In an embodiment, the terminal identity assigned or defined by the first entity has no third party related information.

[0620] In an embodiment, the terminal identity assigned or defined by the first entity has third party related information.

[0621] For example, the fifth information (also referred to as the first type of information) includes information indicating at least one of:

[0622] The information used to index, identify or indicate the second object is the third party related information,

[0623] The information used to index, identify or indicate the second object is the first information (such as the first information which is different from the third party).

[0624] In an embodiment, the terminal identity assigned or defined by the third party has no network identity.

[0625] Optionally, the third party or the third party related information is a third party capable of authenticating the second communication device corresponding to the first object. That is, the second communication device corresponding to the third party is capable of authenticating the first object.

[0626] In an embodiment, the third party can also understand, but is not limited to, one of: a certificate holder, an operating subject. Or through the third party, it can be determined, but is not limited to, one of: a certificate holder, an operating subject.

[0627] Optionally, the operating subject includes one of: a company, an organization, an institution, etc. For example, the operating subject can be the subject operating the terminal device, or the terminal device belongs to the operating subject.

[0628] In an embodiment, the second communication device (such as an authentication device) or the certificate holder can be determined by the operating subject.

[0629] In an embodiment, the second communication device can be determined by a credential holder. In an embodiment, the credential holder can be an entity holding a credential of the terminal device, or an entity holding a credential associated with the terminal identity (e.g., a credential holder).

[0630] The second communication device can be a device capable of authenticating a first object, the first object comprising at least one of the following: the terminal identity, a terminal device (e.g., one of the following: a source terminal device of the terminal identity, a terminal device indicated by the terminal identity).

[0631] In an embodiment, the terminal identity can be a group identity in case of a plurality of terminal devices.

[0632] Optionally, the terminal identity can be a terminal identity of a non-access stratum (NAS) layer, or a terminal identity of an application layer.

[0633] In an embodiment, determining the first information can comprise one of the following: determining the first information in the terminal identity, determining the first information corresponding to the terminal identity, determining the first information corresponding to a third party. The terminal identity can be the received terminal identity.

[0634] In an embodiment, determining the second communication device can comprise one of the following: determining the second communication device corresponding to the terminal identity, determining the second communication device corresponding to the terminal device, determining the second communication device corresponding to a third party.

[0635] For example, as shown in FIG. 7A, the first operation can be triggered by a third party, and the terminal device can send the terminal identity as a result of the first operation. Therefore, the first information corresponding to the third party can also be understood as the first information corresponding to the terminal identity, or the first information corresponding to the terminal identity can also be understood as the first information corresponding to the third party. The second communication device corresponding to the third party can also be understood as the second communication device corresponding to the terminal identity, or the second communication device corresponding to the terminal identity can also be understood as the second communication device corresponding to the third party.

[0636] In an embodiment, the second communication device can comprise at least one of the following: a credential holder, an authentication device (e.g., an authentication server (e.g., an authentication, authorization, and / or accounting (AAA) server) or an authentication network element (e.g., an authentication server function (AUSF))), and an operator.

[0637] In one embodiment, the receiving one or more terminal identities comprises receiving one or more terminal identities from a terminal device or a reader / writer. The source of the terminal identity is the terminal device. When the first communication device is not a reader / writer, the terminal device sends the terminal identity to the first communication device through the reader / writer. It can be understood that the first communication device receives the terminal identity sent by the terminal device through the reader / writer.

[0638] In one embodiment, the terminal identity contains the first information. However, the position of the first information in the terminal identity can be different for different terminal identities. For example, the first information in the terminal identity 1 allocated or defined by a third party AA and the terminal identity 2 allocated or defined by a third party BB can be different.

[0639] In another embodiment, the terminal identity does not contain the first information. However, there is a corresponding relationship between the terminal identity and the third party (for example, the terminal identity is a terminal identity allocated or defined by the third party, and the second communication device corresponding to the third party can authenticate the terminal identity), so there is a corresponding relationship between the terminal identity and the first information corresponding to the third party (the first information outside the terminal identity). For example: the terminal identity of the terminal device is a terminal identity 1 allocated or defined by a third party AA or a terminal identity that can be authenticated by the second communication device corresponding to the third party AA. The third party AA requests the network or the first communication device to inventory the terminal device, triggers paging according to the inventory operation, the terminal device returns the terminal identity, the first communication device additionally obtains the first information corresponding to the third party AA (the first information outside the terminal identity), and determines the second communication device according to the first information, and requests the second communication device to authenticate the terminal identity or the terminal device. For another example: the second communication device corresponding to the third party AA can authenticate the terminal identity. The third party AA requests the network or the first communication device to inventory the terminal device, triggers paging according to the inventory operation, the terminal device returns the terminal identity, the first communication device additionally obtains the second communication device corresponding to the third party AA, and requests the second communication device to authenticate the terminal identity or the terminal device.

[0640] In one embodiment, for example, in the case of off-network, taking the first communication device as a reader / writer as an example, the reader / writer requests the second communication device (such as an authentication device) to authenticate the terminal identity or the terminal device of the terminal device or the terminal device indicated by the terminal identity.

[0641] In one embodiment, the reader / writer can be understood as an access device (such as a base station reader / writer, a UE reader / writer, and an access network device of the terminal device). The access device can be referred to as an access network device.

[0642] In one embodiment, the determining the second communication device comprises:

[0643] determining the second communication device by the first manner;

[0644] wherein determining the second communication device by the first manner comprises at least one of:

[0645] determining the second communication device according to the first information;

[0646] determining the second communication device according to the first indication information and the third party related information;

[0647] determining the second communication device according to at least one of the first indication information, the second information, the third information and the third party related information;

[0648] wherein,

[0649] the second information comprises at least one of: the first indication information, information indicating the position of the first information in the terminal identity, information indicating which information in the terminal identity belongs to the first information, information indicating the length of the terminal identity, information indicating the coding structure of the terminal identity;

[0650] the third information comprises at least one of: the first indication information, information indicating the position of the first information in the terminal identity, information indicating which information in the terminal identity belongs to the first information, information indicating the length of the terminal identity, information indicating the coding structure of the terminal identity, fourth information indicating which information in the terminal identity can be used to identify or filter the terminal device, information indicating the position of the fourth information in the terminal identity; the fourth information is information used to identify or filter the terminal device;

[0651] the third party related information is information used to index, identify or indicate the third party;

[0652] the first indication information is used to indicate one of: the terminal identity is a terminal identity allocated or defined by a first entity, the terminal identity is a terminal identity allocated or defined by a third party, the entity allocating or defining the terminal identity;

[0653] the first entity comprises one of: an operator, a third generation partnership project (3GPP).

[0654] The information used to identify or filter the terminal device can be generally used to filter or screen one or more terminal devices. But more common scenarios are used to filter or screen multiple terminal devices, that is, multiple terminal devices share the information used to identify or filter the terminal device. The information used to identify or filter the terminal device can not be the terminal identity. It can be information saved on the terminal.

[0655] In the case of paging a terminal device, the paging can not carry the terminal identity of each target terminal device, but carry information for identifying or screening terminal devices. A terminal conforming to the information for identifying or screening terminal devices can return a response. It is not difficult to understand that in the case of a large number of terminal devices, the method is more efficient than paging according to the terminal identity of each terminal device.

[0656] In an implementation, the fourth information can be fourth information corresponding to the third party.

[0657] Optionally, the second information can be second information in the terminal identity.

[0658] Optionally, the third information can be third information outside the terminal identity (the terminal identity does not contain the third information).

[0659] Optionally, the third party related information can be one of the following: third party related information in the terminal identity, third party related information outside the terminal identity.

[0660] Optionally, the third party in the "requesting party requesting the first operation" (referred to as third party BB) and the "third party corresponding to the terminal device, the terminal identity, the first information or the second communication device" (referred to as third party AA) can be the same or different third party. For example, the terminal device is the terminal device corresponding to the third party AA or the terminal device indicated by the terminal identity, which needs to be authenticated through the second communication device corresponding to the third party AA. One implementation is that the third party AA requests the first operation. Another implementation is that the third party BB proxies the third party AA to request the first operation. Regardless of which way, the first communication device needs to obtain the third party related information of the third party AA to determine the first information or the second communication device corresponding to the third party AA. Therefore, in one implementation, the terminal identity carries the third party related information of the third party AA. Alternatively, the requesting party requesting the first operation sends the third party related information of the third party AA.

[0661] Optionally, the third party in the "requesting party requesting the first operation" (referred to as third party BB) and the "third party defining or assigning the terminal identity" (referred to as third party CC) can be the same or different third party.

[0662] Optionally, the third party in the "third party corresponding to the terminal device, the terminal identity, the first information or the second communication device" (such as the third party corresponding to the second communication device capable of authenticating the first object, referred to as third party AA) and the "third party defining or assigning the terminal identity" (referred to as third party CC) can be the same or different third party. For example, the third party CC defines or assigns the terminal identity, while the third party AA corresponding to the second communication device actually authenticates the terminal device or the terminal identity.

[0663] Optionally, the information used to indicate which information in the terminal identity belongs to the first information can be understood as the information indicating a field list (such as one or more specified fields), and the information corresponding to the field list belongs to the first information. For example, the structure of the terminal identity is A.B.C.D., and A.Bs belong to the first information, which can be used to index the authentication device

[0664] Optionally, the first indication information can be one of the following: the first indication information in the terminal identity, and the first indication information outside the terminal identity.

[0665] In an embodiment, the first indication information can be understood and replaced as information used to indicate the encoding structure of the terminal identity (such as the identification of the encoding result). For example, when the information used to indicate the encoding structure of the terminal identity takes the value of the first entity, it can indicate that the terminal identity is a terminal identity allocated or defined by the first entity. When the information used to indicate the encoding structure of the terminal identity does not take the value of the first entity (such as the scheme taking the value of EPC, or the Allocation Class or Class of TID), it can indicate that the terminal identity is a terminal identity allocated or defined by a third party. It is not difficult to understand that this way can be compatible with various encoding structures, and it can be naturally known that each field in each encoding.

[0666] In another embodiment, the first indication information can be understood and replaced as a network identity. For example, when the network identity takes a certain specific value, it can indicate that the terminal identity is a terminal identity allocated or defined by a third party. For example, when the network identity does not take the above certain specific value, it indicates that the terminal identity is a terminal identity allocated or defined by the first entity.

[0667] In another embodiment, the first indication information is different from the above network identity or information used to indicate the encoding structure of the terminal identity, such as an indication, the value of which indicates one of the following: the terminal identity is a terminal identity allocated or defined by the first entity, and the terminal identity is a terminal identity allocated or defined by a third party. It is not difficult to understand that the field overhead of this way is less.

[0668] Optionally, according to at least one of the first indication information and the third party related information, the second communication device is determined, including but not limited to at least one of the following:

[0669] According to the first indication information (such as the first indication information in the terminal identity, or the first indication information outside the terminal identity), the third party related information (such as the third party related information in the terminal identity, or the third party related information outside the terminal identity, such as when the terminal identity is a terminal identity allocated or defined by a third party, the third party related information exists) is determined;

[0670] According to the third-party related information (such as third-party related information in the terminal identifier, or third-party related information outside the terminal identifier), the second communication device corresponding to the third party is determined.

[0671] In an implementation, the third party can be a party other than at least one of the first entity and the terminal device.

[0672] Optionally, according to at least one of the second information, the third information, and the third-party related information, the second communication device is determined to include at least one of the following:

[0673] According to the first information in the terminal identifier, the second communication device is determined.

[0674] According to the first information and the third-party related information, the first information corresponding to the third party is determined.

[0675] According to the first information corresponding to the third party, the second communication device is determined.

[0676] According to the third-party related information, the second communication device corresponding to the third party is determined.

[0677] Optionally, according to the first information, the second communication device is determined to include at least one of the following:

[0678] According to the first information in the terminal identifier, the second communication device is determined.

[0679] According to the first information corresponding to the third party, the second communication device is determined.

[0680] In an implementation, the operator includes a network operator (such as an operator of a Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN), or an operator of a non-public network).

[0681] It is understandable that, in an implementation, for terminal identifiers allocated or defined for different third parties, the location of the first information in the terminal identifier can be different. That is, the location of the first information in the terminal identifier can be uncertain. It is understandable that, after the third party is determined, the location of the first information in the terminal identifier can be determined according to the third party, or it can be determined which information in the terminal identifier belongs to the first information.

[0682] In an implementation, the first information in the terminal identity assigned or defined for the first entity can be at a determined position (e.g., a fixed position), or it can be determined which information in the terminal identity belongs to the first information (e.g., at least one of a network identifier (NID), a mobile country code (MCC), and a mobile network code (MNC)). In an implementation, the first information in the terminal identity assigned or defined for the first entity can not include information indicating the position of the first information in the terminal identity (or information indicating which information in the terminal identity belongs to the first information). In this case, it is understood that if the first information includes the first indication information (e.g., at a fixed position), the first indication information in the first identity can be used to distinguish between the two terminal identities.

[0683] For example, the first information in the terminal identity assigned or defined for the first entity can be determined directly (e.g., at a fixed position) or the second communication device.

[0684] For example, the first information in the terminal identity assigned or defined for the third party can be determined according to information indicating the position of the first information in the terminal identity (information indicating which information in the terminal identity belongs to the first information) or the second communication device.

[0685] In an implementation scenario, the terminal identity includes the first information.

[0686] Optionally, the terminal identity includes the second information (e.g., FIG. 6A).

[0687] It is understood that the structure or position of the second information in the terminal identity is determined. When the position of the first information in the terminal identity is not determined, the first information can be determined by the second information. The second communication device is then determined by the first information.

[0688] For example, the second information in the one terminal identifier includes information indicating the position of the first information in the terminal identifier (e.g., the start position is the 20th bit, and the length is 40 bits; e.g., the start position is the 7th decimal number, and the length is 10 decimal numbers; e.g., the start position is the 3rd byte, and the length is 3 bytes). The second information in the other terminal identifier includes information indicating the position of the first information in the terminal identifier (e.g., the start position is the 30th bit, and the length is 20 bits; e.g., the start position is the 8th decimal number, and the length is 8 decimal numbers; e.g., the start position is the 4th byte, and the length is 2 bytes). It is understandable that the first information can be determined by the second information. The second communication device can be determined by the first information; or the second communication device can be determined by the second information.

[0689] For example, the second information in the one terminal identifier includes information indicating which information in the terminal identifier belongs to the first information.

[0690] Optionally, the first communication device is locally configured with the third information or receives the third information.

[0691] In an implementation, the third information is third information corresponding to a third party. The third information corresponding to different third parties can be different (but can also be the same). For example, the third information corresponding to the third party AA includes information indicating the position of the first information in the terminal identifier (e.g., the start position is the 20th bit, and the length is 40 bits). The third information corresponding to the third party BB includes information indicating the position of the first information in the terminal identifier (e.g., the start position is the 3rd byte, and the length is 3 bytes). It is understandable that the first information can be determined by the third information. The second communication device can be determined by the first information; or the second communication device can be determined by the third information.

[0692] For example, the third information includes information indicating which information in the terminal identifier belongs to the first information.

[0693] Optionally, the information indicating the coding structure of the terminal identifier includes at least one of the following: information identifying the coding result (e.g., an identifier of the coding result), information describing the coding structure (e.g., at least one of the meaning, position, length, arrangement, and order of a field in the coding structure).

[0694] For example, the second information in the terminal identifier includes information indicating the coding structure of the terminal identifier; and the third information includes information indicating which information in the terminal identifier belongs to the first information. The first information or the second communication device can also be determined by the combination of the second information and the third information.

[0695] Exemplarily, the second information in the terminal identity includes information for identifying the encoding result; and the third information includes at least one of the following: information for describing the encoding structure and information for indicating which information in the terminal identity belongs to the first information. The first information or the second communication device can be determined by the second information and the third information.

[0696] Exemplarily, the third information includes at least one of the following: information of the encoding structure of the terminal identity and information for indicating which information in the terminal identity belongs to the first information. The first information or the second communication device can be determined by the third information.

[0697] In an implementation, the terminal identity includes third-party related information (such as FIG. 6D).

[0698] In another implementation, the terminal identity does not include third-party related information but includes the first information (such as FIG. 6F). The first communication device can determine the third party through the requestor (such as the third party) of the first operation, or provide the third-party related information in the case that an Application function (AF) requests the first operation.

[0699] For example: the third-party related information can be used to determine the third information corresponding to the third party. Then the first information in the terminal identity can be determined according to the third information. The second communication device can be determined by the first information.

[0700] In an implementation, the terminal identity includes the first indication information (such as FIG. 6C-1). In another implementation, the terminal identity does not include the first indication information (such as FIG. 6G). The first communication device obtains the first indication information corresponding to the terminal identity outside the terminal identity.

[0701] For example: the first communication device locally configures or receives to obtain the first indication information corresponding to the third party AA. According to the third party AA, the first indication information corresponding to the terminal identity of the third party AA can be determined.

[0702] In another implementation scenario, the terminal identity does not include the first information.

[0703] The first communication device locally configures or receives to obtain the first information. The first information can be the first information corresponding to the third party. The values of the first information corresponding to different third parties can be different.

[0704] In an implementation, the terminal identity includes third-party related information (such as FIG. 6E). In another implementation, the terminal identity does not include third-party related information (such as FIG. 6G). The first communication device can determine the third party through the requestor of the first operation, or provide the third-party related information in the case that an Application function (AF) requests the first operation.

[0705] For example, the first communication device locally configures or receives the first information corresponding to the third-party AA. According to the third-party AA, the first information corresponding to the terminal identifier corresponding to the third-party AA can be determined.

[0706] In an embodiment, the terminal identifier includes the first indication information (such as FIG. 6C-2). In another embodiment, the terminal identifier does not include the first indication information (such as FIG. 6G). The first communication device obtains the first indication information corresponding to the terminal identifier outside the terminal identifier.

[0707] For example, the first communication device locally configures or receives the first indication information corresponding to the third-party AA. According to the third-party AA, the first indication information corresponding to the terminal identifier corresponding to the third-party AA can be determined.

[0708] In an embodiment, the terminal identifier can also not include the first information, the first indication information, and the third-party related information (such as FIG. 6G). The terminal identifier can be a terminal identifier sent by a terminal device to a network side (such as a reader) in response to a first operation (such as a paging triggered by the first operation).

[0709] In an embodiment, the terminal identifier includes at least one of the following:

[0710] The first indication information, the first information, the second information, the third-party related information, the third-party terminal identifier, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, the fourth information, and the fifth information;

[0711] The second indication information is used to indicate whether the network identifier is used to index, identify, or indicate a second object;

[0712] The third indication information is used to indicate one of the following: the third party is a certificate holder or the third party is not a certificate holder; and the third-party related information is used to index, identify, or indicate a second object;

[0713] The fourth indication information is used to indicate whether the terminal identifier includes the first information;

[0714] The fifth information is used to distinguish the type of information used to index, identify, or indicate a second object;

[0715] The second object includes one of the following: a second communication device, a certificate holder, an authentication device, and an operating subject.

[0716] The second object includes one of the following: a second communication device, a certificate holder, an authentication device, and an operating subject.

[0717] In an implementation, the first indication information can include or be understood as type information of the terminal identity. For example, the type of the terminal identity can include but is not limited to one of the following: the terminal identity is a terminal identity assigned or defined by the first entity, the terminal identity is a terminal identity assigned or defined by a third party.

[0718] The third-party terminal identity includes one of the following: EPC, TID, and a terminal identity assigned or defined by a third party other than at least one of the EPC and the TID.

[0719] In an implementation, the second indication information and the third indication information can be embodied as different values of the type of the certificate holder. For example, the type of the certificate holder includes at least one of the following:

[0720] a certificate holder specified by the network identity,

[0721] a third party,

[0722] a certificate holder determined by the first information (such as a first information field), or a certificate holder other than at least one of the network identity and the third party.

[0723] In an implementation, the first information field can be a field (such as a field in the terminal identity) other than at least one of the network identity and the third-party related information.

[0724] Optionally, the determination by the first information includes at least one of the following: determination by the first information in the terminal identity, or determination by the first information corresponding to the third party (such as first information other than the terminal identity).

[0725] In an implementation, the second indication information and the third indication information can be embodied as different values of the type of the fifth information "information for indexing, identifying, or indicating the second object". For example, the fifth information (also referred to as the first type information) includes information indicating at least one of the following:

[0726] the information for indexing, identifying, or indicating the second object is the network identity,

[0727] the information for indexing, identifying, or indicating the second object is the third-party related information,

[0728] the information for indexing, identifying, or indicating the second object is the first information (such as first information other than at least one of the network identity and the third party (such as a first information field)).

[0729] For example, the fifth information (also referred to as the first type information) includes information indicating at least one of the following:

[0730] the information for indexing, identifying, or indicating the second object is the network identity,

[0731] The information used to index, identify or indicate the second object is first information (such as first information different from the network identifier)

[0732] In an embodiment, the terminal identifier assigned or defined by the first entity has no third party related information.

[0733] In an embodiment, the terminal identifier assigned or defined by the first entity has third party related information.

[0734] For example, the fifth information (which can also be referred to as first type information) includes information indicating at least one of:

[0735] The information used to index, identify or indicate the second object is third party related information,

[0736] The information used to index, identify or indicate the second object is first information (such as first information different from the third party).

[0737] In an embodiment, the terminal identifier assigned or defined by the third party has no network identifier.

[0738] In an embodiment of the present application, the terminal identifier contains first information in the case that the ninth condition is met;

[0739] The ninth condition includes at least one of:

[0740] The network identifier is not used to index, identify or indicate the second object;

[0741] The third party is not a certificate holder;

[0742] The third party related information is not used to index, identify or indicate the second object;

[0743] The fourth indication information indicates that the terminal identifier includes first information.

[0744] The ninth condition further includes at least one of: the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier assigned or defined by the first entity,

[0745] The first information in the terminal identifier can be information used to index, identify or indicate the second object, which is different from at least one of the network identifier and the third party related information.

[0746] In an embodiment of the present application, in the case that the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier assigned or defined by the third party, the terminal identifier does not contain the network identifier.

[0747] In a case where the terminal identifier is a third-party assigned or defined terminal identifier, the terminal identifier does not contain the network identifier includes that the terminal identifier contains first indication information and the first indication indicates that the terminal identifier is a third-party assigned or defined terminal identifier, and the terminal identifier does not contain the network identifier.

[0748] In an implementation, the determining the second communication device includes one of:

[0749] 1) in a case where a first condition is met, determining the second communication device by a first manner;

[0750] 2) in a case where the first condition is not met or in a case where a second condition is met, determining the second communication device according to the network identifier in the terminal identifier or a network identifier corresponding to the terminal identifier;

[0751] 3) in a case where a seventh condition is met, determining the second communication device includes at least one of: determining the second communication device according to the first information; and determining the second communication device according to the network identifier and the first information;

[0752] 4) in a case where an eighth condition is met, determining the second communication device includes at least one of: determining the second communication device according to third-party related information; and determining the second communication device according to the network identifier and the first information;

[0753] wherein,

[0754] the first condition includes at least one of: the terminal identifier is a third-party assigned or defined terminal identifier;

[0755] wherein,

[0756] the second condition includes at least one of:

[0757] the terminal identifier is a first entity assigned or defined terminal identifier;

[0758] the network identifier is used for indexing, identifying or indicating a second object;

[0759] the terminal identifier does not include the first information;

[0760] the third party is not a certificate holder;

[0761] the third-party related information is not used for indexing, identifying or indicating a second object;

[0762] wherein,

[0763] the seventh condition includes at least one of:

[0764] the terminal identifier is a first entity assigned or defined terminal identifier;

[0765] The network identifier is not used to index, identify, or indicate the second object;

[0766] The terminal identifier comprises the first information;

[0767] The third party is not a certificate holder;

[0768] The third party related information is not used to index, identify, or indicate the second object;

[0769] The eighth condition comprises at least one of the following:

[0770] The third party is a certificate holder;

[0771] The third party related information is used to index, identify, or indicate the second object;

[0772] Wherein,

[0773] The second object comprises one of the following: a second communication device, a certificate holder, an authentication device, and an operation subject.

[0774] The network identifier is one of the following: a network identifier in a terminal identifier, and a network identifier corresponding to a terminal identifier; and the first information is one of the following: first information in a terminal identifier, and first information corresponding to a terminal identifier.

[0775] The second communication device is determined according to the first information; for example, in the case where the network identifier in the terminal identifier is not used to index, identify, or indicate the second object, the second communication device is determined according to the first information. At this time, the first information is different from the network identifier.

[0776] In an embodiment, the second condition further comprises: the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by a third party. In this case, it can be understood that the second condition can not comprise: the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by a first entity.

[0777] In an embodiment, the terminal identifier allocated or defined by the first entity comprises: the first indication information indicating that the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by the first entity.

[0778] In an embodiment, the terminal identifier allocated or defined by the third party comprises: the first indication information indicating that the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by the third party.

[0779] In an embodiment, the network identifier not used to index, identify, or indicate the second object comprises: the second indication information indicating that the network identifier is not used to index, identify, or indicate the second object; and the fifth information indicating that the information used to index, identify, or indicate the second object is not the network identifier.

[0780] In an implementation, the network identity is used to index, identify or indicate the second object, including at least one of: the second indication information indicating that the network identity is used to index, identify or indicate the second object; and the fifth information indicating that the information used to index, identify or indicate the second object is the network identity.

[0781] In an implementation, the terminal identity includes the first information, including: the fourth indication information indicating that the terminal identity includes the first information.

[0782] In an implementation, the terminal identity does not include the first information, including: the fourth indication information indicating that the terminal identity does not include the first information.

[0783] In an implementation, the third party is a certificate holder, or the third party related information is used to index, identify or indicate the second object, including at least one of: the third indication information indicating one of: the third party is a certificate holder; the third party related information is used to index, identify or indicate the second object; and the fifth information indicating that the information used to index, identify or indicate the second object is the third party related information.

[0784] In an implementation, the third party is not a certificate holder, or the third party related information is not used to index, identify or indicate the second object, including at least one of: the third indication information indicating one of: the third party is not a certificate holder; the third party related information is not used to index, identify or indicate the second object; and the fifth information indicating that the information used to index, identify or indicate the second object is not the third party related information.

[0785] In an implementation, the third party related information includes: the third party related information in the terminal identity or the third party related information corresponding to the terminal identity.

[0786] In an implementation, the second communication device is determined according to the network identity in the terminal identity or the network identity corresponding to the terminal identity, in a case that the second condition is met. The network identity includes at least one of: an NID, an MCC and an MNC.

[0787] In an implementation, the second communication device is determined according to at least one of: the third information, the terminal identity, the first information and the third party related information, in a case that the first condition is met.

[0788] In an implementation, the first information is determined, including:

[0789] The first information is determined according to at least one of: the first indication information, the second information, the third information, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information and the third party related information.

[0790] In one implementation, the second indication information indicates a network identity for indexing, identifying or indicating the second object, and the first information is determined as the network identity.

[0791] In one implementation, the third indication information indicates one of the following: the third party is a certificate holder; the third party related information is used for indexing, identifying or indicating the second object; and the first information is determined as the third party related information.

[0792] In one implementation, the terminal identity includes the first information; and the first information is determined as the first information in the terminal identity.

[0793] Optionally, the first information can be one of the following: the first information in the terminal identity, the first information corresponding to the terminal identity, and the first information corresponding to the third party.

[0794] Optionally, the first information corresponding to the terminal identity can be one of the following: the first information in the terminal identity and the first information outside the terminal identity. In one implementation, the first information is inside the terminal identity. In another implementation, the first information is outside the terminal identity (e.g., as shown in FIG. 6E or FIG. 6G). An example is shown in FIG. 7A. The paging triggered by the first operation requested by the third party causes the terminal device to respond to the terminal identity. When the terminal identity is a terminal identity defined or assigned by the third party, the first information or the second communication device can also be determined if the first communication device obtains the first information corresponding to the third party.

[0795] Optionally, the third party related information can be one of the following: the third party related information in the terminal identity and the third party related information outside the terminal identity.

[0796] Optionally, the third party in the “requesting party requesting the first operation” (e.g., referred to as third party BB) and the third party in the “terminal device, terminal identity, first information or second communication device corresponding to the third party” (e.g., referred to as third party AA) can be the same or different third party. For example, the terminal device is a terminal device or terminal identity corresponding to the third party AA, and needs to be authenticated through the second communication device corresponding to the third party AA. The second communication device corresponding to the third party AA can be determined through the first information corresponding to the third party AA. In one implementation, the third party AA requests the first operation. In another implementation, the third party BB proxies the third party AA to request the first operation. Regardless of which implementation, the first communication device needs to obtain the third party related information of the third party AA to determine the first information or the second communication device corresponding to the third party AA. Therefore, in one implementation, the terminal identity carries the third party related information of the third party AA. Alternatively, the requesting party requesting the first operation sends the third party related information of the third party AA.

[0797] Optionally, the "requester of the request for the first operation" (as referred to as the first third party) and the "third party in the terminal identity defined or assigned by the third party" (as referred to as the third party CC) can be the same or different third parties.

[0798] Optionally, the "terminal device corresponding to the third party, the terminal identity, the first information, or the second communication device" (as referred to as the third party AA) and the "third party in the terminal identity defined or assigned by the third party" (as referred to as the third party CC) can be the same or different third parties. For example, the terminal identity is defined or assigned by the third party CC, and the second communication device corresponding to the third party AA actually authenticates the terminal device or the terminal identity.

[0799] Optionally, the second information can be second information in the terminal identity.

[0800] Optionally, the third information can be third information outside the terminal identity.

[0801] Optionally, the first information is determined according to at least one of the first indication information, the second information, the third information, and the third party related information, including but not limited to at least one of the following:

[0802] The first information (such as the first information in the terminal identity defined or assigned by the first entity) is determined according to the first indication information (such as the first indication information in the terminal identity, or the first indication information outside the terminal identity);

[0803] The second information (such as the second information in the terminal identity, for example, when the terminal identity is a terminal identity assigned or defined by the third party, the second information exists in the terminal identity) is determined according to the first indication information (such as the first indication information in the terminal identity, or the first indication information outside the terminal identity);

[0804] The first information (such as the first information in the terminal identity) is determined according to the second information (such as the second information in the terminal identity);

[0805] The third information (such as the third information outside the terminal identity, for example, when the terminal identity is a terminal identity assigned or defined by the third party, the third information exists) is determined according to the first indication information (such as the first indication information in the terminal identity, or the first indication information outside the terminal identity);

[0806] The third party related information (such as the third party related information in the terminal identity, or the third party related information outside the terminal identity, for example, when the terminal identity is a terminal identity assigned or defined by the third party, the third party related information exists) is determined according to the first indication information (such as the first indication information in the terminal identity, or the first indication information outside the terminal identity);

[0807] According to the third information (such as the third information outside the terminal identifier), the first information (such as the first information in the terminal identifier, or the first information outside the terminal identifier) is determined.

[0808] According to the third-party related information (such as the third-party related information in the terminal identifier, or the third-party related information outside the terminal identifier), the first information (such as the first information in the terminal identifier, or the first information outside the terminal identifier) is determined.

[0809] According to the third information and the third-party related information (such as the third-party related information in the terminal identifier, or the third-party related information outside the terminal identifier), the third information corresponding to the third party is determined; and according to the third information corresponding to the third party, the first information is determined.

[0810] According to the second information and the third-party related information (such as the third-party related information in the terminal identifier, or the third-party related information outside the terminal identifier), the second information corresponding to the third party is determined; and according to the second information corresponding to the third party, the first information is determined.

[0811] According to the second information and the third information, the first information is determined.

[0812] According to the second information, the third information, and the third-party related information, the first information is determined.

[0813] It is not difficult to understand that determining the first information is to determine the second communication device. Therefore, in an embodiment, the determination of the first information can be understood and replaced by the determination of the second communication device.

[0814] In an embodiment, the first information includes at least one of the following:

[0815] The name, identifier, domain name, or address of the second communication device;

[0816] The name, identifier, domain name, or address of the certificate holder;

[0817] The name, identifier, domain name, or address of the authentication device;

[0818] The name, identifier, domain name, or address of the operating subject.

[0819] In this way, whether the terminal identifier is assigned by the third party or the operator, the first information can be found in the terminal identifier according to the information used to indicate the location of the first information. And the second communication device or the certificate holder or the authentication device or the operating subject is determined according to the first information.

[0820] Optionally, the first information is determined according to at least one of the first indication information, the second information, the third information, and the third-party related information, including but not limited to one of the following:

[0821] The first information in the terminal identifier is determined according to at least one of the first indication information, the second information, the third information, and the third-party related information.

[0822] The first information corresponding to the terminal identifier is determined according to at least one of the first indication information, the second information, the third information, and the third-party related information.

[0823] The first information corresponding to the third party is determined according to at least one of the first indication information, the second information, the third information, and the third-party related information.

[0824] In an implementation scenario, the terminal identifier contains the first information.

[0825] Optionally, the terminal identifier contains the second information (such as FIG. 6A).

[0826] It is not difficult to understand that the structure or position of the second information in the terminal identifier is determined. When the position of the first information in the terminal identifier is uncertain, the first information can be determined through the second information. For example, the second information in one terminal identifier includes information for indicating the position of the first information in the terminal identifier (such as the start position of the first information is the 20th bit, and optionally, the length is 40 bits; such as the start position is the 7th decimal number, and optionally, the length is 10 decimal numbers). The second information in another terminal identifier includes information for indicating the position of the first information in the terminal identifier (such as the start position of the first information is the 30th bit, and optionally, the length is 20 bits; such as the start position is the 8th decimal number, and optionally, the length is 8 decimal numbers; such as the start position is the 4th byte, and optionally, the length is 2 bytes). It is not difficult to understand that the first information can be determined through the second information.

[0827] For example, the second information in the one terminal identifier includes information for indicating which information in the terminal identifier belongs to the first information.

[0828] Optionally, the first communication device is locally configured with the third information or receives the third information.

[0829] In an implementation, the third information is the third information corresponding to the third party. The third information corresponding to different third parties can be different (but also can be the same). For example, the third information corresponding to the third party AA includes information for indicating the position of the first information in the terminal identifier (such as the start position is the 20th bit, and the length is 40 bits). The third information corresponding to the third party BB includes information for indicating the position of the first information in the terminal identifier (such as the start position is the 3rd byte, and the length is 3 bytes). It is not difficult to understand that the first information can be determined through the third information.

[0830] For example, the third information includes information indicating which information in the terminal identifier belongs to the first information.

[0831] Optionally, the information indicating the coding structure of the terminal identifier includes at least one of the following: information indicating the coding result (such as an identifier of the coding result), and information describing the coding structure (such as at least one of the meaning, position, length, arrangement, and order of a field in the coding structure).

[0832] For example, the second information in the terminal identifier includes information indicating the coding structure of the terminal identifier, and the third information includes information indicating which information in the terminal identifier belongs to the first information. The first information can be determined by combining the second information and the third information.

[0833] For example, the second information in the terminal identifier includes information indicating the coding structure of the terminal identifier, and the third information includes information indicating which information in the terminal identifier belongs to the first information. The first information can be determined by combining the second information and the third information.

[0834] For example, the third information includes at least one of the following: information indicating the coding structure of the terminal identifier, and information indicating which information in the terminal identifier belongs to the first information. The first information can be determined by the third information.

[0835] In one embodiment, the terminal identifier includes third-party related information (such as FIG. 6D). In another embodiment, the terminal identifier does not include third-party related information but includes the first information (such as FIG. 6F). The first communication device can determine the third party through the requestor of the first operation, or provide the third-party related information when the AF requests the first operation.

[0836] For example: the third-party related information can be used to determine the third information corresponding to the third party. Then, the first information in the terminal identifier is determined according to the third information.

[0837] In another implementation scenario, the terminal identifier does not include the first information.

[0838] The first communication device locally configures or receives the first information. The first information can be the first information corresponding to the third party. The values of the first information corresponding to different third parties can be different.

[0839] In one embodiment, the terminal identifier includes third-party related information (such as FIG. 6E). In another embodiment, the terminal identifier does not include third-party related information but includes the first information (such as FIG. 6F). The first communication device can determine the third party through the requestor of the first operation, or provide the third-party related information when the AF requests the first operation.

[0840] For example, the first communication device locally configures or receives the first information corresponding to the third-party AA. According to the third-party AA, the first information corresponding to the third-party AA can be determined.

[0841] In an implementation, the determining the first information includes one of the following:

[0842] 1) in the case of satisfying a third condition, determining the first information according to at least one of the first indication information, the second information, the third information, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, and the third-party related information;

[0843] 2) in the case of not satisfying the third condition or in the case of satisfying a fourth condition, determining the first information as a network identifier in the terminal identifier or a network identifier corresponding to the terminal identifier;

[0844] 3) in the case of satisfying a tenth condition, determining the first information as the first information in the terminal identifier or the first information corresponding to the terminal identifier;

[0845] 4) in the case of satisfying an eleventh condition, determining the first information as the third-party related information;

[0846] wherein,

[0847] the third condition includes that the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by the third party;

[0848] the fourth condition includes at least one of the following: the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by the first entity;

[0849] the network identifier is used to index, identify, or indicate a second object;

[0850] the terminal identifier does not include the first information;

[0851] the third party is not a certificate holder;

[0852] the third-party related information is not used to index, identify, or indicate a second object;

[0853] the tenth condition includes at least one of the following:

[0854] the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by the first entity,

[0855] the network identifier is not used to index, identify, or indicate a second object;

[0856] the terminal identifier includes the first information;

[0857] the third party is not a certificate holder;

[0858] The third-party related information is not used to index, identify or indicate the second object;

[0859] The eleventh condition comprises at least one of the following:

[0860] The third party is a certificate holder;

[0861] The third-party related information is used to index, identify or indicate the second object;

[0862] Wherein,

[0863] The second object comprises one of the following: a second communication device, a certificate holder, an authentication device, and an operation subject.

[0864] In an embodiment, the third-party related information comprises third-party related information in the terminal identifier or third-party related information corresponding to the terminal identifier.

[0865] In an embodiment, the fourth condition further comprises that the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by the third party. In this case, it can be understood that the fourth condition can not comprise that the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by the first entity.

[0866] In an embodiment, the determining the third party comprises:

[0867] According to the third-party related information in the terminal identifier, at least one of the requestor of the first operation and the received third-party related information, the third party is determined.

[0868] Or

[0869] The determining the third-party related information comprises:

[0870] According to the third-party related information in the terminal identifier, at least one of the requestor of the first operation and the received third-party related information, the third-party related information is determined.

[0871] In an embodiment, the terminal identifier in the third-party related information in the terminal identifier is received by the first communication device. As shown in FIG. 7A.

[0872] Optionally, the third party in the "requester requesting the first operation" (e.g., referred to as third party AA) and the third party in the "terminal device, terminal identifier, first information or second communication device corresponding to the third party" (e.g., referred to as third party BB) can be the same or different third parties. For example, the terminal device is the terminal device or terminal identifier corresponding to the third party AA, and needs to be authenticated through the second communication device corresponding to the third party AA. One implementation is that the third party AA requests the first operation. Another implementation is that the third party BB proxies the third party AA to request the first operation. Regardless of which implementation, the first communication device needs to obtain the third party related information of the third party AA to determine the first information or the second communication device corresponding to the third party AA. Therefore, in one implementation, the terminal identifier carries the third party related information of the third party AA. Alternatively, the requester requesting the first operation sends the third party related information of the third party AA.

[0873] Optionally, the third party in the "requester requesting the first operation" (e.g., referred to as third party AA) and the third party in the "terminal identifier defined or assigned by the third party" (e.g., referred to as third party CC) can be the same or different third parties.

[0874] Optionally, the third party in the "terminal device, terminal identifier, first information or second communication device corresponding to the third party" (e.g., referred to as third party BB) and the third party in the "terminal identifier defined or assigned by the third party" (e.g., referred to as third party CC) can be the same or different third parties. For example, the terminal identifier is defined or assigned by the third party CC, and the second communication device corresponding to the third party AA actually authenticates the terminal device or the terminal identifier.

[0875] In one implementation, the determining of performing or not performing the operation of determining the third party, or the determining of performing or not performing the operation of determining the third party related information, includes one of the following:

[0876] In the case where the fifth condition is met, the operation of determining the third party, or the operation of determining the third party related information, is performed;

[0877] In the case where the fifth condition is not met or in the case where the sixth condition is met, the operation of determining the third party or the operation of determining the third party related information is not performed;

[0878] wherein,

[0879] The fifth condition includes that the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier assigned or defined by the third party;

[0880] The sixth condition includes that the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier assigned or defined by the first entity.

[0881] In one implementation, the third party terminal identity can be a terminal identity for outside of the network or for a third party. The third party terminal identity can be a short form of a terminal identity assigned or defined by a third party.

[0882] In one implementation, the third party terminal identity includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following:

[0883] Electronic Product Code (EPC),

[0884] Tag Identifier (TID), such as TID in Radio Frequency Identification (RFID),

[0885] Other third party terminal identity than EPC and TID.

[0886] Optionally, the terminal identity in the present application is a terminal identity used in a first communication device, or a service provider providing a service related to the first operation or a network. The third party terminal identity can be a terminal identity used outside of the service provider (or network) providing the service related to the first operation.

[0887] It is appreciated that the terminal identity used in the first communication device, or the service provider providing the service related to the first operation or the network needs to support both the terminal identity assigned or defined by the first entity and the terminal identity used in the third party first communication device, or the service provider providing the service related to the first operation or the network, thus some additional information (such as at least one of the first indication information, the second information, the third information and the third party related information) is needed to assist in determining the first information or the second communication device.

[0888] In one implementation, the second information (including information indicating the location of the first information in the terminal identity, or information indicating which information in the terminal identity belongs to the first information) and the third party terminal identity (such as EPC or TID) constitute the terminal identity. Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 6H.

[0889] In one implementation, the first indication information, the second information and the third party terminal identity (such as EPC or TID) constitute the terminal identity. Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 6I.

[0890] In an implementation, the first indication information and the third party terminal identity (e.g. EPC or TID) form the terminal identity. Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 6J. There can be an implementation that, when the first indication information is understood or replaced as the information for indicating the coding structure of the terminal identity; since the "information for indicating the coding structure of the terminal identity" is a field in the third party terminal identity (e.g. EPC or TID), the first indication information and the remaining part of the third party terminal identity (i.e. other fields than the "information for indicating the coding structure of the terminal identity") form the terminal identity. It is not difficult to understand that, at this time, essentially, the third party terminal identity (e.g. EPC, or TID, or other) directly forms the terminal identity. Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 6L.

[0891] In an implementation, the third party related information and the third party terminal identity (e.g. EPC or TID) form the terminal identity. Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 6K.

[0892] In an implementation, the third party terminal identity (e.g. EPC or TID) directly forms the terminal identity (optionally, the terminal identity used in the first communication device, or the service provider providing the related service of the first operation, or the network). Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 6L.

[0893] In an implementation, the third party terminal identity (e.g. EPC or TID) contains the first information. In another implementation, the third party terminal identity (e.g. EPC or TID) does not contain the first information.

[0894] In an implementation, the terminal identity includes: the first indication information. When the first indication information indicates that the terminal identity is a terminal identity allocated or defined by a third party, the terminal identity includes the second information; otherwise (e.g. when the terminal identity is a terminal identity allocated or defined by a first entity), the terminal identity does not include the second information.

[0895] In an implementation, the terminal identity includes: the second information (e.g. information for indicating the position of the first information in the terminal identity) and the first information, such as shown in FIG. 6A, FIG. 6B (in addition to the first indication information). In the implementation, the position of the second information in the terminal identity is determined, and the position of the first information in the terminal identity is not determined and needs to be determined through the second information.

[0896] In another embodiment, the terminal identity does not include the second information (e.g., information indicating the location of the first information in the terminal identity), but includes the first information, as shown in FIG. 6F. In this embodiment, the location of the first information in the terminal identity is not determined, and the terminal identity does not include the second information. The first communication device determines the first information in the terminal identity by local configuration or receiving the third information. Since the terminal identity is configured by the third party, the third information is the third information corresponding to the third party. The third information corresponding to different third parties can have different values.

[0897] In one embodiment, when the terminal identity includes the third party related information (information used for one of the following: index, identity or indicating the third party), the first communication device determines the third party according to the third party related information.

[0898] In another embodiment, the terminal identity does not include the third party related information. The third party is an entity requesting a first operation (e.g., inventory, command (e.g., read, write, disable, positioning, etc.)). (The first operation causes the terminal device to send the terminal identity, so it can be considered that there is a corresponding relationship between the third party and the terminal identity)

[0899] In another embodiment, the terminal identity does not include the second information and the first information. The first communication device locally configures or receives to obtain the first information. Since the terminal identity is configured by the third party, the first information can be the first information corresponding to the third party. The first information corresponding to different third parties can have different values.

[0900] For example, as shown in FIG. 7A, the first operation is requested by the third party, and the first operation causes the terminal device to send the terminal identity. Therefore, the first information corresponding to the third party can also be understood as the first information corresponding to the terminal identity, and vice versa. The third information corresponding to the third party can also be understood as the third information corresponding to the terminal identity, and vice versa. The second communication device corresponding to the third party can also be understood as the second communication device corresponding to the terminal identity, and vice versa.

[0901] In another embodiment, the terminal identity includes information indicating the coding structure of the terminal identity.

[0902] In addition, according to the information indicating which information in the terminal identity belongs to the first information, the first information in the terminal identity can also be determined.

[0903] In one embodiment, the third party related information includes at least one of the following: the identity of the third party, the index information of the third party, the routing indicator, the domain name of the third party, and the address of the third party.

[0904] Optionally, the third party identifier can be one of the following: an identifier of the AF, an identifier of the customer, an identifier of the consumer.

[0905] The third party is one of the following: a role other than at least one of the network and the terminal device. For example, a requestor of a request for a first operation (such as inventory, a command (such as read, write, disable, locate, etc.).

[0906] Optionally, the third party address includes at least one of the following: a Medium Access Control (MAC) address of the third party, an Internet Protocol (IP) address of the third party, and a port of the third party.

[0907] In an embodiment, the information for indicating the location of the first information in the terminal identifier includes at least one of the following: information for indicating a start location of the first information, information for indicating a length of the first information, and information for indicating an end location of the first information.

[0908] Optionally, the information for indicating the start location of the first information is information for indicating the start location of the first information in the terminal identifier (which can be represented by a string, such as by indicating the Nth X-ary number to indicate the start location of the first information (X represents an integer, such as binary, octal, decimal, hexadecimal, etc., depending on how many X-ary numbers are used to represent the terminal identifier), such as a start bit, a start byte, a start decimal number, a start field, etc.), where N is a positive integer, for example, by indicating the 3rd binary number to indicate the start location of the first information is the location of the 3rd binary number.

[0909] Optionally, the information for indicating the length of the first information is information for indicating the length of the first information in the terminal identifier (such as by indicating the number of X-ary numbers to indicate the length of the first information, such as the number of bits, the number of bytes, the number of decimal numbers, the length of a field).

[0910] Optionally, the information for indicating the end location of the first information is information for indicating the end location of the first information in the terminal identifier (such as by the Mth X-ary number to indicate the end location of the first information, such as an end bit, an end byte, an end decimal number), where M is a positive integer, for example, by indicating the 5th binary number to indicate the end location of the first information is the location of the 5th binary number.

[0911] In an embodiment, the method further includes:

[0912] The first communication device acquires at least one of the following: first indication information, first information, second information, third information, third-party related information, second indication information, third indication information, fourth indication information, fourth information, and fifth information.

[0913] The third information includes at least one of the following:

[0914] The first indication information,

[0915] information for indicating the position of the first information in the terminal identifier,

[0916] information for indicating which information in the terminal identifier belongs to the first information,

[0917] information for indicating the length of the terminal identifier,

[0918] information for indicating the coding structure of the terminal identifier,

[0919] The fourth information,

[0920] information for indicating which information in the terminal identifier can be used to identify or screen the terminal device,

[0921] information for indicating the position of the fourth information in the terminal identifier, the fourth information being information for identifying or screening the terminal device.

[0922] Optionally, the terminal identifier can be referred to as the identifier of the terminal device.

[0923] Optionally, the acquisition of the second information includes that the first communication device obtains the second information from the received terminal identifier (for example, when the terminal identifier contains the second information).

[0924] Optionally, the terminal identifier is different from the source of the third information. For example, the terminal identifier is from the terminal device, and the third information is from the local configuration of the first communication device or information sent from a third party (for example, sent by AF). The third information is the third information corresponding to the third party, or in other words, the third information can be indexed by the third-party related information (for example, the identifier of the third party, the index information of the third party).

[0925] In an embodiment, the third party invokes the AIoT service (also referred to as requesting a first operation (such as inventory, command, etc.)), triggering the network to perform an operation (or task) on the terminal device, causing the terminal device to report the terminal identifier. It is not difficult to understand that through the corresponding identifier (also referred to as one of the following: first operation identifier, task identifier, session identifier, process identifier) of the invocation of the AIoT service, the relationship between the terminal identifier and the AIoT service invoked by the third party can be determined, and thus the relationship between the terminal identifier and the third party can be determined. According to the third party that invokes the AIoT service, the third information corresponding to the third party can be indexed. According to the third information, the first information in the terminal identifier (the first information is information for indexing, identifying, or indicating one of the following: a second communication device, a certificate holder, an authentication device, and an operation subject) can be known. Therefore, the second communication device can be requested to authenticate the terminal identifier or the terminal device. Through the above embodiment, it is not difficult to understand that the terminal device sending the terminal identifier can be compatible with a variety of coding structures, and the network can always obtain the first information to find the second communication device to authenticate the terminal identifier or the terminal device.

[0926] In another embodiment, the terminal identifier carries third party related information, according to the corresponding third party in the terminal identifier, the third information corresponding to the third party can be determined, and according to the third information, the first information in the terminal identifier can be known. Therefore, the second communication device can be requested to authenticate the terminal identifier or the terminal device. Through the above embodiment, it is not difficult to understand that the terminal device sending the terminal identifier can also be compatible with a variety of coding structures, and the network can always obtain the first information to find the second communication device to authenticate the terminal identifier or the terminal device. However, compared with the first embodiment, the terminal identifier needs third party related information.

[0927] In an embodiment, the third information corresponding to the third party can be understood as an agreement between the third party and the network (such as an agreement) or an agreement between the third party and the network including the third information corresponding to the third party.

[0928] In an embodiment, the first communication device obtains the first information, including at least one of the following:

[0929] The first communication device locally configures the first information;

[0930] The first communication device receives or obtains the first information from a third communication device or a fourth communication device;

[0931] The first communication device obtains the first information from the received terminal identifier.

[0932] In an implementation, the terminal identity includes the first information, so that the first communication device can obtain the first information from the received terminal identity.

[0933] In an implementation, the first communication device receives, from a third communication device, first operation related information, the first operation related information including the first information.

[0934] In an implementation, the first communication device receives, from a fourth communication device, a third party context, the third party context including the first information. In an implementation, the third party context includes at least one of: first indication information, the first information, second information, third information, third party related information, second indication information, third indication information, fourth indication information, fourth information, and fifth information.

[0935] In an implementation, the third communication device includes at least one of: a CN device (such as an AF, an NEF, an AIoT function).

[0936] In an implementation, the fourth communication device includes at least one of: a CN device (such as a Unified Data Manager (UDM), a Unified Data Repository (UDR)).

[0937] In an implementation, the first communication device obtains the third information, the fourth information, or the fifth information includes at least one of:

[0938] The first communication device locally configures the third information, the fourth information, or the fifth information.

[0939] The first communication device receives or obtains the third information, the fourth information, or the fifth information from a third communication device or a fourth communication device.

[0940] In an implementation, the first communication device receives, from a third communication device, first operation related information, the first operation related information including the third information.

[0941] In an implementation, the first communication device receives, from a fourth communication device, a third party context, the third party context including the third information.

[0942] In an implementation,

[0943] The first communication device obtains third party related information including at least one of:

[0944] The first communication device receives third party related information from a third communication device or a fourth communication device.

[0945] The first communication device determines the third party related information through a requestor of the first operation;

[0946] The first communication device obtains the third party related information from the received terminal identity.

[0947] In an embodiment, the first communication device receives the first operation related information from a third communication device, wherein the first operation related information comprises the third party related information.

[0948] In an embodiment, the first communication device receives the third party context from a fourth communication device, wherein the third party context comprises the third party related information.

[0949] In an embodiment, the terminal identity contains the third party related information (such as when the terminal identity is a terminal identity assigned or defined for the third party), and thus the first communication device obtains the third party related information from the received terminal identity.

[0950] In another embodiment, the terminal identity does not contain the third party related information.

[0951] It is not difficult to understand that at least one of the first information, the third information, and the third party related information is sent in the case of requesting the first operation.

[0952] In an embodiment, the first communication device acquires the first indication information or the second indication information or the third indication information or the fourth indication information comprises at least one of the following:

[0953] The first communication device receives the first indication information or the second indication information or the third indication information or the fourth indication information from a third communication device or a fourth communication device;

[0954] The first communication device obtains the first indication information or the second indication information or the third indication information or the fourth indication information from the received terminal identity.

[0955] In an embodiment, the first information can be the first information corresponding to the third party. The values of the first information corresponding to different third parties can be different.

[0956] In an embodiment, the agreement between the third party and the network comprises at least one of the following: the first information corresponding to the third party, the second information corresponding to the third party, the third information corresponding to the third party, and the first indication information corresponding to the third party.

[0957] In an embodiment, the third information can be the first information corresponding to the third party. The values of the third information corresponding to different third parties can be different.

[0958] In an embodiment, the first indication information can be first indication information corresponding to a third party. Different third parties can correspond to different values of the first indication information.

[0959] In an embodiment, the first communication device receives, from a third communication device, information related to a first operation, the information related to the first operation comprising the first indication information.

[0960] In an embodiment, the first communication device receives, from a fourth communication device, a context of a third party, the context of the third party comprising the first indication information.

[0961] In an embodiment, the first communication device obtains at least one of the following: the first indication information, the first information, the third information, the third-party related information, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, the fourth information, and the fifth information, before the step of obtaining the at least one of the following: the first indication information, the first information, the third information, the third-party related information, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, the fourth information, and the fifth information.

[0962] In an embodiment, different third parties can correspond to different values of the third information. The obtaining of the third information can comprise obtaining a plurality of third information, each of the plurality of third information further comprising third-party related information, and the third-party related information being used to distinguish the third information corresponding to different third parties.

[0963] In an embodiment, different third parties can correspond to different values of the first information. The obtaining of the first information can comprise obtaining a plurality of first information, each of the plurality of first information further comprising third-party related information, and the third-party related information being used to distinguish the first information corresponding to different third parties.

[0964] In an embodiment, different third parties can correspond to different values of the first indication information. Therefore, the obtaining of the first indication information can comprise obtaining a plurality of first indication information. Each of the plurality of first indication information can further comprise third-party related information, and the third-party related information being used to distinguish the first indication information corresponding to different third parties.

[0965] In an embodiment, the sending of the third-party related information or the terminal identifier to the fourth communication device can be used to query or obtain at least one of the following corresponding to the third party: the first information, the third information, the third-party related information, and the first indication information.

[0966] In an embodiment, the fourth communication device obtains the third-party related information or the terminal identifier.

[0967] The fourth communication device performs at least one of the following according to the third-party related information or the terminal identifier:

[0968] The fourth communication device determines at least one of the following corresponding to the third party: the first indication information, the information related to the first operation, and the third information.

[0969] The fourth communication device sends at least one of the first indication information, the related information of the first operation, the first information, the third information, and the third-party related information to the first communication device.

[0970] In an implementation, the fourth communication device (e.g., a Unified Data Manager (UDM) or a Unified Data Repository (UDR)) locally configures the related information of the third party.

[0971] In an implementation, according to the information indicating the location of the first information, the first information or the second communication device (e.g., an authentication device) can be determined.

[0972] In another implementation, according to the information indicating the coding structure of the terminal identifier (and the information indicating which information in the terminal identifier belongs to the first information), the first information or the authentication device can be determined. For example, the structure of the terminal identifier is A.B.C.D., in which A.B belongs to the first information and can be used to index the authentication device.

[0973] In an implementation, the target terminal device of the first operation includes a terminal device indicated by the terminal identifier.

[0974] In an implementation, the terminal identifier satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0975] The terminal identifier is a terminal identifier of a target terminal device of the first operation.

[0976] The terminal identifier is a terminal identifier corresponding to the first operation.

[0977] The terminal identifier is a terminal identifier returned by a terminal device triggered by a paging corresponding to the first operation.

[0978] In an implementation, the terminal identifier corresponding to the first operation is that the network sends a paging corresponding to the first operation (e.g., a reader sends a paging for the first operation), and the terminal device returns a terminal identifier (e.g., the reader sends the terminal identifier to the first communication device) in response to the paging.

[0979] It should be noted that the first operation is also referred to as a corresponding first operation in a first task (e.g., a task), a first process (e.g., a process), or a first session (e.g., a session).

[0980] In an implementation, the first operation satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0981] The first operation is an operation on a terminal device.

[0982] The first operation includes at least one of the following: inventory, command, read, write, deactivation, activation, positioning, control.

[0983] In an implementation, the first operation includes at least one of the following: inventory, command.

[0984] Optionally, the command includes an operation on the terminal device other than inventory, such as at least one of the following: read, write, deactivation, activation, positioning, control.

[0985] In an implementation, the deactivation can mean to turn off the RF capability of the terminal device (such as diable).

[0986] In an implementation, the activation can mean to turn on the RF capability of the terminal device.

[0987] In an implementation, the control can mean to control the terminal device to execute a corresponding instruction.

[0988] In an implementation, the terminal device satisfies at least one of the following:

[0989] No connection;

[0990] No state;

[0991] No Radio Resource Control (RRC) state;

[0992] No Connection Management (CM) state;

[0993] No mobility management;

[0994] Cannot actively communicate, or, support passive communication;

[0995] Support the capability of an AIoT device.

[0996] In an implementation, the terminal device includes at least one of the following:

[0997] An environmental Internet of Things (AIoT) device;

[0998] A device without connection;

[0999] A stateless terminal;

[1000] A terminal without RRC state;

[1001] A terminal without CM state;

[1002] A terminal without mobility management;

[1003] A device for passive communication;

[1004] a responding device;

[1005] a device supporting communication with the first communication device or the reader-writer;

[1006] a device capable of performing or responding to a target operation;

[1007] a device capable of accessing a wireless communication system through the first communication device or the reader-writer;

[1008] a device supporting a first interface, wherein the first interface is an access layer of an air interface supported by the terminal device;

[1009] a device supporting a first RAT.

[1010] In an embodiment, the first interface is an access layer of an air interface supported by the terminal device. In an embodiment, the first interface can be different from another air interface of the Uu interface or the PC5 interface. In another embodiment, the first interface can be an enhancement of the Uu interface or an enhancement of the PC5 interface.

[1011] In an embodiment, the first RAT can be a RAT for AIoT (such as providing AIoT services), and the first RAN can be different from existing RATs such as NB IOT, 2G, 3G, 4G, or 5G.

[1012] In the present embodiment, the first communication device performs a first behavior, and the first behavior includes at least one of the following: receiving one or more terminal identifiers; determining first information; determining a second communication device; determining a third party or third party related information; determining to perform or not to perform an operation of determining a third party, or determining to perform or not to perform an operation of determining third party related information; requesting the second communication device to authenticate a first object, the first object including at least one of the following: the terminal identifier, a source terminal device of the terminal identifier, a terminal device indicated by the terminal identifier; sending the terminal identifier to the second communication device, and explicitly determining a manner of determining a corresponding authentication device or certificate holder, or on the other hand, explicitly determining information included in the identifier of the terminal device.

[1013] Please refer to FIG. 3, the present embodiment provides a behavior execution method applied to a second communication device. The second communication device includes but is not limited to at least one of the following: a CN device, a certificate holder, and an operating subject, and the CN device includes but is not limited to at least one of the following: an authentication device (such as a certificate holder, an authentication server, or an authentication network element), and the method includes the following steps:

[1014] Step 31: the second communication device performs a second behavior, and the second behavior includes at least one of the following:

[1015] receiving the sent terminal identifier;

[1016] authenticating the first object;

[1017] sending the authentication result of the first object;

[1018] wherein,

[1019] the first object comprises at least one of the following: the terminal identifier, a source terminal device of the terminal identifier, a terminal device indicated by the terminal identifier;

[1020] wherein,

[1021] the terminal identifier is used to identify one or more terminal devices.

[1022] In an implementation, receiving the terminal identifier comprises receiving the terminal identifier from the first communication device.

[1023] In an implementation, sending the authentication result of the first object comprises sending the authentication result of the first object to the first communication device.

[1024] It should be noted that the terminal device is as described in the embodiments of the first communication device, which will not be repeated here.

[1025] In an implementation, the terminal identifier comprises at least one of the following: first indication information, first information, second information, third party related information, third party terminal identifier (such as EPC or TID), second indication information, third indication information, fourth indication information, fourth information, fifth information;

[1026] wherein,

[1027] the first information is information used to index, identify or indicate one of the following: the second communication device, the certificate holder, the authentication device, the operation subject;

[1028] the second information comprises at least one of the following: the first indication information, information used to indicate the position of the first information in the terminal identifier, information used to indicate which in the terminal identifier belongs to the first information, information used to indicate the length of the terminal identifier, information used to indicate the coding structure of the terminal identifier;

[1029] the first indication information is used to indicate one of the following: the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by a first entity, the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by a third party, an entity that allocates or defines the terminal identifier;

[1030] the first entity comprises one of the following: an operator, 3GPP;

[1031] the third party related information is information used to index, identify or indicate a third party;

[1032] The second indication information is used to indicate whether the network identity is used for or not used for indexing, identifying or indicating the second object;

[1033] The third indication information is used to indicate one of the following: the third party is a certificate holder or the third party is not a certificate holder; the third party related information is used for or not used for indexing, identifying or indicating the second object;

[1034] The fourth indication information is used to indicate whether the terminal identity includes or does not include the first information;

[1035] The fifth information is used to distinguish the type of information used for indexing, identifying or indicating the second object;

[1036] Among them,

[1037] The second object includes one of the following: a second communication device, a certificate holder, an authentication device, and an operating subject.

[1038] In an embodiment, the first indication information can include or be understood as type information of the terminal identity. For example, the type of the terminal identity can include but is not limited to one of the following: the terminal identity is a terminal identity allocated or defined by a first entity, and the terminal identity is a terminal identity allocated or defined by a third party.

[1039] The third party terminal identity includes one of the following: EPC, TID, and other terminal identities allocated or defined by a third party other than at least one of EPC and TID.

[1040] In an embodiment, the second indication information and the third indication information can be embodied as different values of the certificate holder type information. For example, the type of the certificate holder includes at least one of the following:

[1041] A certificate holder designated by the network identity,

[1042] A third party,

[1043] A certificate holder determined by the first information (such as a first information field), or a certificate holder different from at least one of the network identity and the third party.

[1044] In an embodiment, the first information field can be a field (such as a field in the terminal identity) different from at least one of the network identity and the third party related information.

[1045] Optionally, the determination by the first information includes at least one of the following: determination by the first information in the terminal identity, or determination by the first information corresponding to the third party (such as first information other than the terminal identity).

[1046] In an implementation, the second indication information and the third indication information can be embodied as different values of a fifth information of a type of "information used for indexing, identifying or indicating the second object". For example, the fifth information (which can also be referred to as first type information) includes information indicating at least one of:

[1047] the information used for indexing, identifying or indicating the second object is a network identity,

[1048] the information used for indexing, identifying or indicating the second object is third party related information,

[1049] the information used for indexing, identifying or indicating the second object is first information (e.g., first information different from at least one of the network identity and the third party).

[1050] For example, the fifth information (which can also be referred to as first type information) includes information indicating at least one of:

[1051] the information used for indexing, identifying or indicating the second object is a network identity,

[1052] the information used for indexing, identifying or indicating the second object is first information (e.g., first information different from the network identity)

[1053] In an implementation, the terminal identity assigned or defined by the first entity does not include third party related information.

[1054] In an implementation, the terminal identity assigned or defined by the first entity includes third party related information.

[1055] For example, the fifth information (which can also be referred to as first type information) includes information indicating at least one of:

[1056] the information used for indexing, identifying or indicating the second object is third party related information,

[1057] the information used for indexing, identifying or indicating the second object is first information (e.g., first information different from the third party).

[1058] In an implementation, the terminal identity assigned or defined by the third party does not include a network identity.

[1059] In an implementation, the operating subject includes one of: a company, an organization, an entity, an institution, etc.

[1060] In an implementation, the operator includes a network operator (e.g., an operator of a Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) or an operator of a non-public network).

[1061] It should be noted that the third-party terminal identifier is as described in the first communication device embodiment, and will not be described here.

[1062] It should be noted that the terminal identifier is as described in the first communication device embodiment, and will not be described here.

[1063] In an embodiment, the third-party related information includes at least one of the following: an identifier of the third party, index information of the third party, a Routing indicator, a domain name of the third party, and an address of the third party.

[1064] Optionally, the identifier of the third party can be one of the following: an identifier of an AF, an identifier of a customer, and an identifier of a consumer.

[1065] The third party is one of the following: a role other than at least one of the network and the terminal device. For example, a requestor of a request for a first operation (such as inventory, a command (such as read, write, disable, positioning, etc.).

[1066] Optionally, the address of the third party includes at least one of the following: a MAC address of the third party, an IP address of the third party, and a port of the third party.

[1067] In an embodiment, the information for indicating the position of the first information in the terminal identifier includes at least one of the following: information for indicating the start position of the first information, information for indicating the length of the first information, and information for indicating the end position of the first information.

[1068] In an embodiment, the first information can be first information corresponding to the third party. The values of the first information corresponding to different third parties can be different. The third information can include multiple third information. Each third information can further include third-party related information for distinguishing the third information corresponding to different third parties.

[1069] In an embodiment, the third information can be first information corresponding to the third party. The values of the third information corresponding to different third parties can be different. The first information can include multiple first information. Each first information can further include third-party related information for distinguishing the first information corresponding to different third parties.

[1070] In an embodiment, the first indication information can be first indication information corresponding to the third party. The values of the first indication information corresponding to different third parties can be different. The first indication information can include multiple first indication information. Each first indication information can further include third-party related information for distinguishing the first indication information corresponding to different third parties.

[1071] In an embodiment, the first information includes at least one of the following:

[1072] a name, an identifier, a domain name, or an address of the second communication device;

[1073] a name, an identifier, a domain name, or an address of the certificate holder;

[1074] a name, an identifier, a domain name, or an address of the authentication device;

[1075] a name, an identifier, a domain name, or an address of the operating subject.

[1076] In an embodiment, the terminal identifier satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[1077] the terminal identifier satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[1078] the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier of a target terminal device of the first operation;

[1079] the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier corresponding to the first operation;

[1080] the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier returned by a terminal device triggered by a paging corresponding to the first operation.

[1081] In an embodiment, the terminal identifier corresponding to the first operation means that the network sends a paging corresponding to the first operation (for example, a reader sends a paging for the first operation), and the terminal device returns a terminal identifier (for example, the reader sends the terminal identifier to the first communication device) in response to the paging.

[1082] It should be noted that the first operation is also referred to as a related operation in the first task (for example, a task), the first process (for example, a process), or the first session (for example, a session).

[1083] It should be noted that the first operation is as described in the embodiment of the first communication device, which will not be described here.

[1084] In this embodiment, the second communication device can authenticate the terminal identifier based on the terminal identifier sent by the first communication device, at least one of the source terminal device of the terminal identifier, and the terminal device indicated by the terminal identifier, and send an authentication result to the first communication device, thereby explicitly determining the manner of determining the corresponding authentication device or certificate holder, and on the other hand, the information included in the terminal identifier of the terminal device is also explicitly determined.

[1085] Please refer to FIG. 4. The embodiment of the present application provides a behavior execution method applied to a third communication device. The third communication device includes but is not limited to a CN device, and the CN device includes at least one of the following: an AF and an NEF. The method includes the following steps:

[1086] Step 41: The third communication device performs a third behavior, and the third behavior includes the following steps:

[1087] at least one of the first indication information, the first information, the third information, the third-party related information, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, the fourth information, the fifth information;

[1088] wherein,

[1089] the first information is information for indexing, identifying or indicating one of the following: the second communication device, the certificate holder, the authentication device, the operating subject;

[1090] the third information includes at least one of the following: the first indication information, information for indicating the position of the first information in the terminal device identifier, information for indicating which of the terminal identifiers belong to the first information, information for indicating the length of the terminal identifier, information for indicating the coding structure of the terminal identifier, the fourth information, information for indicating which information in the terminal identifier can be used to identify or filter the terminal device, information for indicating the position of the fourth information in the terminal identifier; the fourth information is information for identifying or filtering the terminal device;

[1091] the third-party related information is information for one of the following: indexing, identifying or indicating the third party;

[1092] the first indication information is used to indicate one of the following: the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by the first entity, the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by the third party, the entity that allocates or defines the terminal identifier;

[1093] the first entity includes one of the following: an operator, 3GPP.

[1094] In an embodiment, the first indication information can include or be understood as type information of the terminal identifier. For example, the type of the terminal identifier can include but is not limited to one of the following: the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by the first entity, the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by the third party.

[1095] The third-party terminal identifier includes one of the following: EPC, TID, and other terminal identifiers allocated or defined by the third party in addition to at least one of EPC and TID.

[1096] In an embodiment, the second indication information and the third indication information can be embodied as different values of the certificate holder type information. For example, the type of the certificate holder includes at least one of the following:

[1097] a certificate holder specified by a network identifier,

[1098] a third party,

[1099] The certificate holder determined by the first information (such as a first information field), or the certificate holder different from at least one of the network identifier and the third party.

[1100] In an implementation, the first information field can be a field (such as a field in the terminal identifier) different from at least one of the network identifier and the third party related information.

[1101] Optionally, the determination by the first information includes at least one of the following: determination by the first information in the terminal identifier, or determination by the first information corresponding to the third party (such as first information other than the terminal identifier).

[1102] In an implementation, the second indication information and the third indication information can be different values of the fifth information "information for indexing, identifying, or indicating the second object". For example, the fifth information (which can also be referred to as the first type information) includes information indicating at least one of the following:

[1103] The information for indexing, identifying, or indicating the second object is the network identifier,

[1104] The information for indexing, identifying, or indicating the second object is the third party related information,

[1105] The information for indexing, identifying, or indicating the second object is the first information (such as first information different from at least one of the network identifier and the third party (such as a first information field)).

[1106] For example, the fifth information (which can also be referred to as the first type information) includes information indicating at least one of the following:

[1107] The information for indexing, identifying, or indicating the second object is the network identifier,

[1108] The information for indexing, identifying, or indicating the second object is the first information (such as first information different from the network identifier)

[1109] In an implementation, the terminal identifier assigned or defined by the first entity has no third party related information.

[1110] In an implementation, the terminal identifier assigned or defined by the first entity has third party related information.

[1111] For example, the fifth information (which can also be referred to as the first type information) includes information indicating at least one of the following:

[1112] The information for indexing, identifying, or indicating the second object is the third party related information,

[1113] The information for indexing, identifying, or indicating the second object is the first information (such as first information different from the third party).

[1114] In an implementation, the terminal identity assigned or defined by the third party does not include a network identity.

[1115] In an implementation, the operating subject includes one of the following: a company, an organization, a unit, an institution, etc.

[1116] In an implementation, the operator includes a network operator (such as an operator of a Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) or an operator of a non-public network).

[1117] The at least one of the first indication information, the first information, the third information, the third-party related information, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, the fourth information, and the fifth information is transmitted to the first communication device.

[1118] It should be noted that the terminal device, such as the embodiment of the first communication device, is described above and will not be repeated here.

[1119] In an implementation, the at least one of the first indication information, the first information, the third information, the third-party related information, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, the fourth information, and the fifth information includes one of the following:

[1120] In a case where the first operation is requested, the at least one of the first indication information, the first information, the third information, the third-party related information, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, the fourth information, and the fifth information is transmitted.

[1121] The information for requesting the first operation is transmitted, and the information for requesting the first operation includes at least one of the first indication information, the first information, the third information, the third-party related information, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, the fourth information, and the fifth information.

[1122] Optionally, the information for indicating the position of the first information in the terminal identity includes at least one of the following: information for indicating the start position of the first information, information for indicating the length of the first information, and information for indicating the end position of the first information.

[1123] In an implementation, the third-party related information includes at least one of the following: an identity of the third party, index information of the third party, a Routing indicator, a domain name of the third party, and an address of the third party.

[1124] Optionally, the third party identifier can be one of the following: an AF identifier, a customer identifier, a consumer identifier.

[1125] The third party is one of the following: a role other than at least one of the network and the terminal device. For example, a requestor of a request for a first operation (such as inventory, a command (such as read, write, disable, locate, etc.).

[1126] Optionally, the third party address includes at least one of the following: a third party MAC address, a third party IP address, and a third party port.

[1127] In an embodiment, the first information can be first information corresponding to the third party. The first information corresponding to different third parties can have different values. The sending of the third information can include sending multiple third information. Each third information can further include third party related information for distinguishing the third information corresponding to different third parties.

[1128] In an embodiment, the third information can be first information corresponding to the third party. The third information corresponding to different third parties can have different values. The sending of the first information can include sending multiple first information. Each first information can further include third party related information for distinguishing the first information corresponding to different third parties.

[1129] In an embodiment, the first indication information can be first indication information corresponding to the third party. The first indication information corresponding to different third parties can have different values. The sending of the first indication information can include sending multiple first indication information. Each first indication information can further include third party related information for distinguishing the first indication information corresponding to different third parties.

[1130] In an embodiment, the first information includes at least one of the following:

[1131] A name, an identifier, a domain name, or an address of the second communication device;

[1132] A name, an identifier, a domain name, or an address of a certificate holder;

[1133] A name, an identifier, a domain name, or an address of an authentication device;

[1134] A name, an identifier, a domain name, or an address of an operating subject.

[1135] In an embodiment, the target terminal device of the first operation includes a terminal identifier indicated terminal device.

[1136] In an embodiment, the terminal identifier satisfies at least one of the following:

[1137] The terminal identifier is a terminal identifier of a target terminal device of a first operation.

[1138] The terminal identifier is a terminal identifier corresponding to the first operation.

[1139] The terminal identifier is a terminal identifier returned by a terminal device triggered by paging corresponding to the first operation.

[1140] It should be noted that the first operation is as described in the embodiment of the first communication device, which will not be repeated here.

[1141] In the embodiment of the application, the third communication device can send at least one of at least one of the first indication information, the first information, the third information, the third party related information, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, the fourth information, and the fifth information to the first communication device, so that the first communication device can determine the authentication device or the certificate holder (i.e. the second communication device) corresponding to the identifier of the terminal device according to at least one of the first indication information, the first information, the third information, the third party related information, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, the fourth information, and the fifth information. The way to determine the corresponding authentication device or certificate holder is clear, and on the other hand, the information included in the identifier of the terminal device is also clear.

[1142] Please refer to FIG. 5-1, the embodiment of the application provides a behavior execution method, applied to a fourth communication device. The fourth communication device includes but is not limited to a CN device, and the CN device includes but is not limited to at least one of the following: UDM, UDR, and the method includes:

[1143] Step 51: the fourth communication device executes a fourth behavior, and the fourth behavior includes at least one of the following:

[1144] Determine the following at least one of the third party: first indication information, first information, third information, second indication information, third indication information, fourth indication information, fourth information, and fifth information;

[1145] Send at least one of the first indication information, the first information, the third information, the third party related information, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, the fourth information, and the fifth information;

[1146] Among them,

[1147] The first information is information used for indexing, identifying or indicating one of the following: a second communication device, a certificate holder, an authentication device, and an operation subject;

[1148] The third information includes at least one of the following: first indication information, information indicating the position of the first information in the terminal identifier, information indicating which of the terminal identifiers belong to the first information, information indicating the length of the terminal identifier, information indicating the coding structure of the terminal identifier, fourth information, information indicating which of the terminal identifiers can be used to identify or screen the terminal device, information indicating the position of the fourth information in the terminal identifier; the fourth information is information used to identify or screen the terminal device;

[1149] The third-party related information is information used to index, identify or indicate the third party;

[1150] The first indication information is used to indicate at least one of the following: the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by the first entity, the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by the third party, and the entity allocating or defining the terminal identifier;

[1151] The first entity includes at least one of the following: an operator and 3GPP.

[1152] In an embodiment, the first indication information can include or be understood as type information of the terminal identifier. For example, the type of the terminal identifier can include but is not limited to at least one of the following: the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by the first entity, and the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by the third party.

[1153] The third-party terminal identifier includes at least one of the following: EPC, TID, and other terminal identifiers allocated or defined by the third party other than at least one of EPC and TID.

[1154] In an embodiment, the second indication information and the third indication information can be different values of the certificate holder type information. For example, the type of the certificate holder includes at least one of the following:

[1155] The certificate holder specified by the network identifier,

[1156] The third party,

[1157] The certificate holder determined by the first information (such as the first information field), or the certificate holder other than at least one of the network identifier and the third party.

[1158] In an embodiment, the first information field can be a field (such as a field in the terminal identifier) other than at least one of the network identifier and the third-party related information.

[1159] Optionally, the determination by the first information includes at least one of the following: determination by the first information in the terminal identifier, or determination by the first information corresponding to the third party (such as first information other than the terminal identifier).

[1160] In an implementation, the second indication information and the third indication information can be embodied as different values of a fifth information of a type of "information used for indexing, identifying or indicating the second object". For example, the fifth information (also referred to as first type information) includes information indicating at least one of:

[1161] the information used for indexing, identifying or indicating the second object is a network identity,

[1162] the information used for indexing, identifying or indicating the second object is third party related information,

[1163] the information used for indexing, identifying or indicating the second object is first information (such as first information different from at least one of the network identity and the third party).

[1164] For example, the fifth information (also referred to as first type information) includes information indicating at least one of:

[1165] the information used for indexing, identifying or indicating the second object is a network identity,

[1166] the information used for indexing, identifying or indicating the second object is first information (such as first information different from the network identity)

[1167] In an implementation, the terminal identity allocated or defined by the first entity has no third party related information.

[1168] In an implementation, the terminal identity allocated or defined by the first entity has third party related information.

[1169] For example, the fifth information (also referred to as first type information) includes information indicating at least one of:

[1170] the information used for indexing, identifying or indicating the second object is third party related information,

[1171] the information used for indexing, identifying or indicating the second object is first information (such as first information different from the third party).

[1172] In an implementation, the terminal identity allocated or defined by the third party has no network identity.

[1173] In an implementation, the operating subject includes one of: a company, an organization, a unit, an institution, etc.

[1174] In an implementation, the operator includes a network operator (such as an operator of a Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) or an operator of a non-public network).

[1175] In an embodiment, the sending at least one of the first indication information, the first information, the third information, the third-party related information, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, the fourth information, and the fifth information comprises: sending at least one of the first indication information, the first information, the third information, the third-party related information, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, the fourth information, and the fifth information to the first communication device.

[1176] It should be noted that the terminal device is as described in the embodiment of the first communication device, which will not be repeated here.

[1177] It should be noted that the first operation is as described in the embodiment of the first communication device, which will not be repeated here.

[1178] In an embodiment, the sending at least one of the first indication information, the first information, the third information, the third-party related information, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, the fourth information, and the fifth information comprises: sending at least one of the first indication information, the first information, the third information, the third-party related information, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, the fourth information, and the fifth information to the first communication device.

[1179] In an embodiment, the sending at least one of the first indication information, the first information, the third information, the third-party related information, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, the fourth information, and the fifth information comprises: sending at least one of the first indication information, the first information, the third information, the third-party related information, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, the fourth information, and the fifth information to the first communication device.

[1180] In an embodiment, the fourth behavior further comprises at least one of:

[1181] Obtaining at least one of the first indication information, the first information, the third information, the third-party related information, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, the fourth information, and the fifth information;

[1182] Saving at least one of the first indication information, the first information, the third information, the third-party related information, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, the fourth information, and the fifth information.

[1183] In an implementation, the obtaining at least one of the first indication information, the first information, the third information, the third-party related information, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, the fourth information, the fifth information comprises: receiving (directly or indirectly) the at least one of the first indication information, the first information, the third information, the third-party related information, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, the fourth information, the fifth information from the third communication device.

[1184] In an implementation, the fourth behavior further comprises:

[1185] Obtaining the third-party related information or the terminal identifier;

[1186] According to the third-party related information or the terminal identifier, performing at least one of the following:

[1187] Determining at least one of the following corresponding to the third party: the first indication information, the first information, the third information, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, the fourth information, the fifth information;

[1188] Sending at least one of the first indication information, the first information, the third information, the third-party related information, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, the fourth information, the fifth information.

[1189] In an implementation, the obtaining the third-party related information comprises obtaining the terminal identifier, and the terminal identifier contains the third-party related information.

[1190] Optionally, the first information comprises at least one of the following:

[1191] The name, identifier, domain name or address of the second communication device;

[1192] The name, identifier, domain name or address of the certificate holder;

[1193] The name, identifier, domain name or address of the authentication device;

[1194] The name, identifier, domain name or address of the operating subject.

[1195] Optionally, the information for indicating the position of the first information in the terminal identifier comprises at least one of the following: information for indicating the start position of the first information, information for indicating the length of the first information, and information for indicating the end position of the first information.

[1196] It should be noted that the further description of the above information can refer to the embodiment of the first communication device, which will not be repeated here.

[1197] In an implementation, the terminal identifier comprises at least one of the following: first indication information, first information, second information, third-party related information, third-party terminal identifier, second indication information, third indication information, fourth indication information, fourth information, fifth information.

[1198] In an implementation, the second information comprises at least one of the following: first indication information, information indicating the position of the first information in the terminal identifier, information indicating which part of the terminal identifier belongs to the first information, information indicating the length of the terminal identifier, information indicating the coding structure of the terminal identifier.

[1199] In an implementation, the second information comprises at least one of the following: first indication information, information indicating the position of the first information in the terminal identifier, information indicating which part of the terminal identifier belongs to the first information, information indicating the length of the terminal identifier, information indicating the coding structure of the terminal identifier.

[1200] In an implementation, the third-party related information comprises at least one of the following: identification of the third party, index information of the third party, Routing indicator, domain name of the third party, address of the third party.

[1201] Optionally, the identification of the third party can be one of the following: identification of an AF, identification of a customer, identification of a consumer. The third party is one of the following: a role other than at least one of the network and the terminal device. For example: a requestor of a first operation (such as inventory, command (such as read, write, disable, etc.), positioning).

[1202] The address of the third party is at least one of the following: MAC address of the third party, IP address of the third party, port of the third party.

[1203] In an implementation, the first information can be first information corresponding to the third party. The values of the first information corresponding to different third parties can be different. The third information can comprise a plurality of third information. Each third information can further comprise third-party related information for distinguishing the third information corresponding to different third parties.

[1204] In an implementation, the third information can be first information corresponding to the third party. The values of the third information corresponding to different third parties can be different. The first information can comprise a plurality of first information. Each first information can further comprise third-party related information for distinguishing the first information corresponding to different third parties.

[1205] In an implementation, the first indication information can be first indication information corresponding to the third party. The values of the first indication information corresponding to different third parties can be different. The first indication information can comprise a plurality of first indication information. Each first indication information can further comprise third-party related information for distinguishing the first indication information corresponding to different third parties.

[1206] In an implementation, the sending of at least one of the first indication information, the first information, the third information, the third-party related information, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, the fourth information, and the fifth information includes: sending, to the first communication device, at least one of the first indication information, the first information, the third information, and the third-party related information.

[1207] In the embodiments of the present application, the fourth communication device can send, to the first communication device, at least one of the first indication information, the first information, the third information, the third-party related information, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, the fourth information, and the fifth information, so that the first communication device can determine the second communication device corresponding to the identity of the terminal device according to the first indication information, the first information, the third information, the third-party related information, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, or the fifth information, and the second communication device is used to authenticate at least one of the terminal identity, the source terminal device of the terminal identity, and the terminal device indicated by the terminal identity, which clearly defines the way to determine the corresponding authentication device or certificate holder, and on the other hand, also clearly defines the information included in the identity of the terminal device.

[1208] Please refer to FIG. 5-2, the embodiments of the present application provide a behavior execution method applied to a fifth communication device. The fifth communication device includes but is not limited to a terminal device, and the terminal device includes but is not limited to at least one of the following: a UE, an AIoT device, a reader / writer, an intermediate device, and the method includes:

[1209] Step 62: The fifth communication device performs a fifth behavior, and the fifth behavior includes: sending a terminal device identity;

[1210] The terminal identity is used to identify one or more terminal devices.

[1211] The terminal identity includes at least one of the following:

[1212] The first indication information, the first information, the second information, the third-party related information, the third-party terminal identity (such as EPC or TID), the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, the fourth information, and the fifth information.

[1213] The first information is information used to index, identify, or indicate one of the following: a second communication device, a certificate holder, an authentication device, and an operation subject.

[1214] The first indication information is used to indicate one of the following: the terminal identity is a terminal identity allocated or defined by a first entity, the terminal identity is a terminal identity allocated or defined by a third party, and an entity that allocates or defines the terminal identity.

[1215] The first entity comprises one of the following: an operator, 3GPP;

[1216] The second information comprises at least one of the following: first indication information, information indicating the position of the first information in the terminal identifier, information indicating which information in the terminal identifier belongs to the first information, information indicating the length of the terminal identifier, information indicating the coding structure of the terminal identifier;

[1217] The third party related information is information for one of the following: indexing, identifying or indicating the third party;

[1218] The second indication information is used to indicate whether the network identifier is used for or not used for indexing, identifying or indicating the second object;

[1219] The third indication information is used to indicate one of the following: the third party is a certificate holder or the third party is not a certificate holder; the third party related information is used for or not used for indexing, identifying or indicating the second object;

[1220] The fourth indication information is used to indicate whether the terminal identifier includes or does not include the first information;

[1221] The fifth information is used to distinguish the type of information used for indexing, identifying or indicating the second object;

[1222] Wherein,

[1223] The second object comprises one of the following: a second communication device, a certificate holder, an authentication device, an operating subject.

[1224] In an embodiment, the first indication information can include or be understood as type information of the terminal identifier. For example, the type of the terminal identifier can include but is not limited to one of the following: the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by the first entity, the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by the third party.

[1225] The third party terminal identifier comprises one of the following: EPC, TID, and other terminal identifier allocated or defined by the third party other than at least one of EPC and TID.

[1226] In an embodiment, the second indication information and the third indication information can be embodied as different values of the certificate holder type information. For example, the type of the certificate holder includes at least one of the following:

[1227] The certificate holder designated by the network identifier,

[1228] The third party,

[1229] The certificate holder determined by the first information (such as the first information field), or the certificate holder different from at least one of the network identifier and the third party.

[1230] In an implementation, the first information field can be a field other than at least one of the network identity and the third party related information (such as a field in the terminal identity).

[1231] Optionally, the determining via the first information comprises at least one of: determining via the first information in the terminal identity, or determining via the first information corresponding to the third party (such as the first information other than the terminal identity).

[1232] In an implementation, the second indication information and the third indication information can be embodied as different values of a fifth information "information for indexing, identifying or indicating the second object". For example, the fifth information (which can also be referred to as the first type information) comprises information indicating at least one of:

[1233] the information for indexing, identifying or indicating the second object is the network identity,

[1234] the information for indexing, identifying or indicating the second object is the third party related information,

[1235] the information for indexing, identifying or indicating the second object is the first information (such as the first information other than at least one of the network identity and the third party (such as a first information field)).

[1236] For example, the fifth information (which can also be referred to as the first type information) comprises information indicating at least one of:

[1237] the information for indexing, identifying or indicating the second object is the network identity,

[1238] the information for indexing, identifying or indicating the second object is the first information (such as the first information other than the network identity)

[1239] In an implementation, the terminal identity allocated or defined by the first entity has no third party related information.

[1240] In an implementation, the terminal identity allocated or defined by the first entity has third party related information.

[1241] For example, the fifth information (which can also be referred to as the first type information) comprises information indicating at least one of:

[1242] the information for indexing, identifying or indicating the second object is the third party related information,

[1243] the information for indexing, identifying or indicating the second object is the first information (such as the first information other than the third party).

[1244] In an implementation, the third-party assigned or defined terminal identifier does not contain the network identifier.

[1245] In an implementation, the terminal identifier contains the first information when the ninth condition is met.

[1246] The ninth condition includes at least one of the following:

[1247] The network identifier is not used to index, identify, or indicate the second object.

[1248] The third party is not a certificate holder.

[1249] The third-party related information is not used to index, identify, or indicate the second object.

[1250] The fourth indication information indicates that the terminal identifier includes the first information.

[1251] Optionally, the ninth condition further includes at least one of the following: the terminal identifier is a first entity assigned or defined terminal identifier,

[1252] The first information in the terminal identifier can be information other than at least one of the network identifier and the third-party related information, used to index, identify, or indicate the second object.

[1253] In an implementation, when the terminal identifier is a third-party assigned or defined terminal identifier, the terminal identifier does not contain the network identifier.

[1254] In an implementation, when the terminal identifier is a third-party assigned or defined terminal identifier, the terminal identifier does not contain the network identifier includes: the terminal identifier includes first indication information, and the first indication is that the terminal identifier is a third-party assigned or defined terminal identifier, and in this case, the terminal identifier does not contain the network identifier.

[1255] In an implementation, the fifth communication device (such as an AIoT device) sends a terminal device identifier to the first communication device (such as an AIoT device) through the first communication device (such as an access network device).

[1256] It should be noted that the second communication device, the certificate holder, the authentication device, the operating subject, the third party, the third-party related information, and the like are as described in the first communication device embodiment, and will not be described here.

[1257] The information for indicating the location of the first information in the terminal identifier, the information for indicating which information in the terminal identifier belongs to the first information, the information for indicating the length of the terminal identifier, and the information for indicating the encoding structure of the terminal identifier are as described in the first communication device embodiment, and will not be described here.

[1258] In one embodiment, the third party terminal identity can be a terminal identity used outside the network or for a third party.

[1259] In one embodiment, the third party terminal identity includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following:

[1260] EPC, Electronic Product Code

[1261] TID, Tag Identifier (e.g., TID in RFID (Radio Frequency Identification))

[1262] Optionally, the terminal identity in the present application is a terminal identity used in the first communication device, or a service provider providing the related service of the first operation or a network. The third party terminal identity can be a terminal identity used outside the service provider (or network) providing the related service of the first operation.

[1263] It is not difficult to understand that the terminal identity used in the first communication device, or a service provider providing the related service of the first operation or a network needs to support the terminal identity assigned or defined by the first entity and the terminal identity used in the third party first communication device, or a service provider providing the related service of the first operation or a network, so some additional information (e.g., at least one of the first indication information, the second information, the third information and the third party related information) is needed to assist in determining the first information or the second communication device.

[1264] In one embodiment, the second information (including information for indicating the location of the first information in the terminal identity, or information for indicating which information in the terminal identity belongs to the first information) and the third party terminal identity (e.g., EPC or TID) constitute the terminal identity. Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 6H.

[1265] In one embodiment, the first indication information, the second information and the third party terminal identity (e.g., EPC or TID) constitute the terminal identity. Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 6I.

[1266] In an implementation, the first indication information and the third party terminal identity (e.g. EPC or TID) form the terminal identity. Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 6J. There can be an implementation that the first indication information is understood or replaced as the information of the coding structure for indicating the terminal identity; since the "information of the coding structure for indicating the terminal identity" is a field in the third party terminal identity (e.g. EPC or TID), the first indication information and the remaining part of the third party terminal identity (i.e. the other fields except the "information of the coding structure for indicating the terminal identity") form the terminal identity. It is not difficult to understand that, at this time, essentially, the third party terminal identity (e.g. EPC or TID) directly forms the terminal identity. Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 6L.

[1267] In an implementation, the third party related information and the third party terminal identity (e.g. EPC or TID) form the terminal identity. Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 6K.

[1268] In an implementation, the third party terminal identity (e.g. EPC or TID) directly forms the terminal identity (optionally, the terminal identity used in the first communication device, or the service provider providing the related service of the first operation, or the network). Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 6L.

[1269] In an implementation, the third party terminal identity (e.g. EPC or TID) contains the first information. In another implementation, the third party terminal identity (e.g. EPC or TID) does not contain the first information.

[1270] In an implementation, the terminal identity includes the first indication information. When the first indication information indicates that the terminal identity is the terminal identity allocated or defined by the third party, the terminal identity includes the second information; otherwise (e.g. when the terminal identity is the terminal identity allocated or defined by the first entity), the terminal identity does not include the second information.

[1271] In an implementation, the terminal identity includes the second information (e.g. the information for indicating the position of the first information in the terminal identity) and the first information, such as shown in FIG. 6A, FIG. 6B, and FIG. 8A (in addition, the first indication information is included). In the implementation, the position of the second information in the terminal identity is determined, while the position of the first information in the terminal identity is not determined and needs to be determined through the second information.

[1272] In another embodiment, the terminal identity does not include the second information (e.g., information indicating the location of the first information in the terminal identity), but includes the first information, as shown in FIG. 6F. In this embodiment, the location of the first information in the terminal identity is uncertain, and the terminal identity does not include the second information. The first communication device determines the first information in the terminal identity by local configuration or receiving the third information. Since the terminal identity is configured by the third party, the third information is the third information corresponding to the third party. The third information corresponding to different third parties can have different values.

[1273] In one embodiment, when the terminal identity includes the third-party related information (information used for one of the following: index, identification, or indication of the third party), the first communication device determines the th...

Claims

1. A behavior performing method, comprising: a first communication device performing a first behavior, the first behavior comprising at least one of: receiving one or more terminal identities; determining first information; determining a second communication device; determining a third party or third party related information; determining to perform or not to perform an operation of determining the third party, or determining to perform or not to perform an operation of determining the third party related information; requesting the second communication device to authenticate a first object, the first object comprising at least one of: the terminal identity, a source terminal device of the terminal identity, a terminal device indicated by the terminal identity; sending the terminal identity to the second communication device; wherein: the terminal identity is used to identify one or more terminal devices; the third party related information is information used to index, identify or indicate the third party; the first information is information used to index, identify or indicate one of: the second communication device, a certificate holder, an authentication device, an operation subject.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, the determining the second communication device comprises: determining the second communication device by a first manner; wherein determining the second communication device by the first manner comprises at least one of: determining the second communication device according to the first information; determining the second communication device according to the first indication information and the third party related information; determining the second communication device according to at least one of: the first indication information, the second information, the third information, the third party related information; wherein: the second information comprises at least one of: the first indication information, information used to indicate a position of the first information in the terminal identity, information used to indicate which information in the terminal identity belongs to the first information, information used to indicate a length of the terminal identity, information used to indicate a coding structure of the terminal identity; the third information comprises at least one of: the first indication information, information used to indicate a position of the first information in the terminal identity, information used to indicate which information in the terminal identity belongs to the first information, information used to indicate a length of the terminal identity, information used to indicate a coding structure of the terminal identity, fourth information, information used to indicate which information in the terminal identity can be used to identify or filter terminal devices, information used to indicate a position of the fourth information in the terminal identity; the fourth information is information used to identify or filter terminal devices; the third party related information is information used to index, identify or indicate the third party; the first indication information is used to indicate one of: the terminal identity is a terminal identity allocated or defined by a first entity, the terminal identity is a terminal identity allocated or defined by a third party, an entity allocating or defining the terminal identity; the first entity comprises one of: an operator, a third generation partnership project (3GPP).

3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein, the terminal identity comprises at least one of: the first indication information, the first information, the second information, the third party related information, a third party terminal identity, second indication information, third indication information, fourth indication information, fifth information; wherein the second indication information is used to indicate whether a network identity is used or not used to index, identify or indicate a second object; The third indication information is used to indicate one of the following: the third party is a certificate holder or the third party is not a certificate holder; and the third party related information is used for or not used for indexing, identifying or indicating a second object; The fourth indication information is used to indicate whether the terminal identifier includes first information; The fifth information is used to distinguish the type of information used for indexing, identifying or indicating a second object; The second object includes one of the following: a second communication device, a certificate holder, an authentication device, and an operating subject. The terminal identifier contains first information in the case that a ninth condition is met; 4. The method of claim 3, wherein, The ninth condition includes at least one of the following: The network identifier is not used for indexing, identifying or indicating a second object; The third party is not a certificate holder; The third party related information is not used for indexing, identifying or indicating a second object; The fourth indication information indicates that the terminal identifier includes first information.

5. The method of claim 2, wherein, In the case that the terminal identifier is a third party assigned or defined terminal identifier, the terminal identifier does not contain a network identifier. The determination of the second communication device includes one of the following:

6. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein, In the case that a first condition is met, the second communication device is determined by a first manner; In the case that the first condition is not met or in the case that a second condition is met, the second communication device is determined according to a network identifier in the terminal identifier or a network identifier corresponding to the terminal identifier; In the case that a seventh condition is met, the determination of the second communication device includes at least one of the following: the second communication device is determined according to the first information; and the second communication device is determined according to the network identifier and the first information; In the case that an eighth condition is met, the determination of the second communication device includes at least one of the following: the second communication device is determined according to the third party related information; and the second communication device is determined according to the network identifier and the first information; The first condition includes at least one of the following: The terminal identifier is a third party assigned or defined terminal identifier; The second condition includes at least one of the following: The terminal identifier is a first entity assigned or defined terminal identifier; The network identifier is used for indexing, identifying or indicating a second object; The terminal identifier does not include first information; The third party is not a certificate holder; The third party related information is not used for indexing, identifying or indicating a second object; The seventh condition includes at least one of the following: The terminal identifier is a first entity assigned or defined terminal identifier; The network identifier is not used for indexing, identifying or indicating a second object; The terminal identifier includes first information; The third party is not a certificate holder; The third party related information is not used for indexing, identifying or indicating a second object; The eighth condition includes at least one of the following: The third party is a certificate holder; The third party related information is used for indexing, identifying or indicating a second object; The second object includes one of the following: a second communication device, a certificate holder, an authentication device, and an operating subject. The determination of the first information includes: ​ 7. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein, ​ The first information is determined according to at least one of the first indication information, the second information, the third information, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, and the third-party related information.

8. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The first information includes at least one of the following: a name, an identifier, a domain name, or an address of the second communication device; a name, an identifier, a domain name, or an address of the certificate holder; a name, an identifier, a domain name, or an address of the authentication device; a name, an identifier, a domain name, or an address of the operating subject.

9. The method of claim 1 or 2 or 3, wherein, The determination of the first information includes one of the following: in a case where a third condition is met, the first information is determined according to at least one of the first indication information, the second information, the third information, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, and the third-party related information; in a case where the third condition is not met or in a case where a fourth condition is met, the first information is determined as a network identifier in the terminal identifier or a network identifier corresponding to the terminal identifier; in a case where a tenth condition is met, the first information is determined as the first information in the terminal identifier or the first information corresponding to the terminal identifier; in a case where an eleventh condition is met, the first information is determined as the third-party related information; the third condition includes that the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by a third party; the fourth condition includes at least one of the following: the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by a first entity; the network identifier is used to index, identify, or indicate a second object; the terminal identifier does not include the first information; the third party is not a certificate holder; the third-party related information is not used to index, identify, or indicate the second object; the tenth condition includes at least one of the following: the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by a first entity, the network identifier is not used to index, identify, or indicate a second object; the terminal identifier includes the first information; the third party is not a certificate holder; the third-party related information is not used to index, identify, or indicate the second object; the eleventh condition includes at least one of the following: the third party is a certificate holder; the third-party related information is used to index, identify, or indicate a second object; the second object includes one of the following: a second communication device, a certificate holder, an authentication device, and an operating subject.

10. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The determination of the third party includes: the third party is determined according to at least one of the third-party related information in the terminal identifier, a requestor of the first operation, and received third-party related information. or The determination of the third-party related information includes: the third-party related information is determined according to at least one of the third-party related information in the terminal identifier, a requestor of the first operation, and received third-party related information.

11. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The determination of the operation of determining the third party or the operation of determining the third-party related information includes one of the following: in a case where a fifth condition is met, the operation of determining the third party or the operation of determining the third-party related information is performed; in a case where the fifth condition is not met or in a case where a sixth condition is met, the operation of determining the third party or the operation of determining the third-party related information is not performed; wherein The fifth condition comprises: the terminal identity is a terminal identity assigned or defined by a third party; The sixth condition comprises: the terminal identity is a terminal identity assigned or defined by a first entity.

12. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The third-party related information comprises at least one of: an identity of the third party, index information of the third party, a Routing indicator, a domain name of the third party, and an address of the third party.

13. The method of claim 2, wherein, The information for indicating the position of the first information in the terminal identity comprises at least one of: information for indicating the start position of the first information, information for indicating the length of the first information, and information for indicating the end position of the first information.

14. The method of claim 1, further comprising: The first communication device obtains at least one of: the first indication information, the first information, the second information, the third information, the third-party related information, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, the fourth information, and the fifth information. The third information comprises at least one of: The first indication information, Information for indicating the position of the first information in the terminal identity, Information for indicating which information in the terminal identity belongs to the first information, Information for indicating the length of the terminal identity, Information for indicating the coding structure of the terminal identity, The fourth information, Information for indicating which information in the terminal identity can be used to identify or filter the terminal device, Information for indicating the position of the fourth information in the terminal identity, the fourth information being information for identifying or filtering the terminal device.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein, The first communication device obtains the first information by at least one of: The first communication device locally configures the first information; The first communication device receives or obtains the first information from a third communication device or a fourth communication device; The first communication device obtains the first information from a received terminal identity.

16. The method of claim 14, wherein, The first communication device obtains the third information, the fourth information, or the fifth information by at least one of: The first communication device locally configures the third information, the fourth information, or the fifth information; The first communication device receives or obtains the third information, the fourth information, or the fifth information from a third communication device or a fourth communication device.

17. The method of claim 14, wherein, The first communication device obtains the third-party related information by at least one of: The first communication device receives the third-party related information from a third communication device or a fourth communication device; The first communication device determines the third-party related information by a requestor of a first operation; The first communication device obtains the third-party related information from a received terminal identity.

18. The method of claim 14, wherein, The first communication device obtains the first indication information or the second indication information or the third indication information or the fourth indication information by at least one of: The first communication device receives the first indication information or the second indication information or the third indication information or the fourth indication information from a third communication device or a fourth communication device. The first communication device obtains first indication information or second indication information or third indication information or fourth indication information from the received terminal identifier.

19. The method of claim 14, wherein, Before the step of the first communication device obtaining at least one of the following: the first indication information, the first information, the third information, the third-party related information, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, the fourth information, the fifth information, the method further comprises: The first communication device sends the third-party related information or the terminal identifier to a fourth communication device.

20. The method of claim 10 or 17, wherein, The target terminal device of the first operation includes a terminal device indicated by the terminal identifier.

21. The method of any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein, The terminal identifier satisfies at least one of the following: The terminal identifier is a terminal identifier of a target terminal device of the first operation. The terminal identifier is a terminal identifier corresponding to the first operation. The terminal identifier is a terminal identifier returned by a terminal device triggered by a paging of the first operation.

22. The method of claim 10 or 17 or 20 or 21, wherein, The first operation satisfies at least one of the following: The first operation is an operation on a terminal device. The first operation includes at least one of the following: inventory, command, read, write, deactivation, activation, positioning, control.

23. The method of any one of claims 1 to 22, wherein, The terminal device satisfies at least one of the following: No connection; No state; No radio resource control (RRC) state; No connection management (CM) state; No mobility management; Cannot actively communicate, or supports passive communication; Supports the capabilities of an AIoT device; Or The terminal device includes at least one of the following: An environmental Internet of Things (AIoT) device; A connectionless device; A stateless terminal; A terminal without a radio resource control (RRC) state; A terminal without a connection management (CM) state; A terminal without mobility management; A passive communication device; A responding device; A device that supports communication with the first communication device or a reader; A device that can perform or respond to a target operation; A device that can access a wireless communication system through the first communication device or a reader; A device that supports a first interface; A device that supports a first radio access technology (RAT).

24. A behavior execution method, comprising: A second communication device performs a second behavior, the second behavior including at least one of the following: Receiving a terminal identifier; Authenticating a first object; Sending an authentication result of the first object; Wherein The first object includes at least one of the following: the terminal identifier, a source terminal device of the terminal identifier, a terminal device indicated by the terminal identifier; The terminal identifier is used to identify one or more terminal devices.

25. The method of claim 24, wherein, The terminal identifier includes at least one of the following: first indication information, first information, second information, third-party related information, third-party terminal identifier, second indication information, third indication information, fourth indication information, fourth information, fifth information; Wherein The first information is information used to index, identify, or indicate one of the following: the second communication device, a certificate holder, an authentication device, an operating subject; The second information includes at least one of the following: the first indication information, information used to indicate the position of the first information in the terminal identifier, information used to indicate which of the terminal identifier belongs to the first information, information used to indicate the length of the terminal identifier, information used to indicate the encoding structure of the terminal identifier; The first indication information is used to indicate one of the following: the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by a first entity, the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by a third party, and the entity allocating or defining the terminal identifier; the first entity includes one of the following: an operator and 3GPP; The third party related information is information used to index, identify or indicate the third party; The second indication information is used to indicate whether the network identifier is used to index, identify or indicate the second object; The third indication information is used to indicate one of the following: the third party is a certificate holder or the third party is not a certificate holder; and the third party related information is used to index, identify or indicate the second object or not; The fourth indication information is used to indicate whether the terminal identifier includes the first information or not; The fifth information is used to distinguish the type of information used to index, identify or indicate the second object; The second object includes one of the following: a second communication device, a certificate holder, an authentication device and an operating subject. The third party related information includes at least one of the following: an identifier of the third party, index information of the third party, a routing indicator, a domain name of the third party and an address of the third party.

26. The method of claim 25, wherein, The information used to indicate the position of the first information in the terminal identifier includes at least one of the following: information used to indicate the start position of the first information, information used to indicate the length of the first information and information used to indicate the end position of the first information.

27. The method of claim 25, wherein, The first information includes at least one of the following:

28. The method of claim 25 or 27, wherein, The name, identifier, domain name or address of the second communication device; The name, identifier, domain name or address of the certificate holder; The name, identifier, domain name or address of the authentication device; The name, identifier, domain name or address of the operating subject. The terminal identifier satisfies at least one of the following:

29. The method of claim 24 or 25 or 27, wherein, The terminal identifier is a terminal identifier of a target terminal device of a first operation; The terminal identifier is a terminal identifier corresponding to a first operation; The terminal identifier is a terminal identifier returned by a terminal device triggered by paging corresponding to a first operation.

30. A behavior execution method, comprising: A third communication device performs a third behavior, the third behavior including: Sending at least one of the following: first indication information, first information, third information, third party related information, second indication information, third indication information, fourth indication information, fourth information and fifth information; The first information is information used to index, identify or indicate one of the following: a second communication device, a certificate holder, an authentication device and an operating subject; The third information includes at least one of the following: the first indication information, information used to indicate the position of the first information in the terminal device identifier, information used to indicate which part of the terminal identifier belongs to the first information, information used to indicate the length of the terminal identifier, information used to indicate the coding structure of the terminal identifier and information used to indicate the position of the fourth information in the terminal identifier; and the fourth information is information used to identify or filter terminal devices; The third party related information is information used to index, identify or indicate the third party; ​ ​ The first indication information is used to indicate one of the following: the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by a first entity, the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by a third party, and an entity that allocates or defines the terminal identifier; the first entity includes one of the following: an operator, 3GPP; The second indication information is used to indicate whether the network identifier is used for indexing, identifying or indicating a second object; The third indication information is used to indicate one of the following: the third party is a certificate holder or the third party is not a certificate holder; and the third party related information is used for indexing, identifying or indicating a second object or not; The fourth indication information is used to indicate whether the terminal identifier includes first information or not; The fifth information is used to distinguish the type of information used for indexing, identifying or indicating a second object; The second object includes one of the following: a second communication device, a certificate holder, an authentication device, and an operating subject. The terminal identifier includes at least one of the following: first indication information, first information, second information, third party related information, third party terminal identifier, second indication information, third indication information, fourth indication information, fourth information, and fifth information.

31. The method of claim 30, wherein, At least one of the following is sent: first indication information, first information, third information, third party related information, second indication information, third indication information, fourth indication information, fourth information, and fifth information.

32. The method of claim 30, wherein, In the case of requesting a first operation, at least one of the following is sent: first indication information, first information, third information, third party related information, second indication information, third indication information, fourth indication information, fourth information, and fifth information. Information for requesting a first operation is sent, and the information for requesting a first operation includes at least one of the following: first indication information, first information, third information, third party related information, second indication information, third indication information, fourth indication information, fourth information, and fifth information. The third party related information includes at least one of the following: an identifier of the third party, index information of the third party, a Routing indicator, a domain name of the third party, and an address of the third party.

33. The method of claim 30 or 31 or 32, wherein, The first information includes at least one of the following:

34. The method of claim 30 or 31 or 32, wherein, A name, an identifier, a domain name or an address of a second communication device; A name, an identifier, a domain name or an address of a certificate holder; A name, an identifier, a domain name or an address of an authentication device; A name, an identifier, a domain name or an address of an operating subject. The target terminal device of the first operation includes a terminal device indicated by the terminal identifier; 35. The method of claim 32, wherein, Or, The terminal identifier satisfies at least one of the following: The terminal identifier is a terminal identifier of a target terminal device of a first operation; The terminal identifier is a terminal identifier corresponding to a first operation; The terminal identifier is a terminal identifier returned by a terminal device triggered by a first operation.

36. A behavior execution method, comprising: A fourth communication device performs a fourth behavior, and the fourth behavior includes at least one of the following: Determining at least one of the following corresponding to a third party: first indication information, first information, third information, second indication information, third indication information, fourth indication information, fourth information, and fifth information; ​ The first indication information, the first information, the third information, the third-party related information, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, the fourth information, and the fifth information are at least one of the following: The first information is information for indexing, identifying, or indicating one of the following: a second communication device, a certificate holder, an authentication device, and an operating subject; The third information includes at least one of the following: the first indication information, information for indicating the position of the first information in a terminal identifier, information for indicating which of the terminal identifiers belong to the first information, information for indicating the length of the terminal identifier, information for indicating the coding structure of the terminal identifier, information for indicating which information in the terminal identifier can be used to identify or filter terminal devices, and information for indicating the position of the fourth information in the terminal identifier; and the fourth information is information for identifying or filtering terminal devices; The third-party related information is information for indexing, identifying, or indicating a third party; The first indication information is used to indicate one of the following: a terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by a first entity, a terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by a third party, and an entity that allocates or defines the terminal identifier; The first entity includes one of the following: an operator and 3GPP; The second indication information is used to indicate whether a network identifier is used to index, identify, or indicate a second object; The third indication information is used to indicate one of the following: the third party is a certificate holder or the third party is not a certificate holder; and the third-party related information is used to index, identify, or indicate a second object or not; The fourth indication information is used to indicate whether the terminal identifier includes the first information; The fifth information is used to distinguish the type of information used to index, identify, or indicate a second object. The second object includes one of the following: a second communication device, a certificate holder, an authentication device, and an operating subject. The fourth behavior further includes at least one of the following: The first indication information, the first information, the third information, the third-party related information, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, the fourth information, and the fifth information are at least one of the following:

37. The method of claim 36, wherein, The first indication information, the first information, the third information, the third-party related information, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, the fourth information, and the fifth information are at least one of the following: The third-party related information or the terminal identifier is obtained; According to the third-party related information or the terminal identifier, at least one of the following is performed:

38. The method of claim 36, wherein, The third party corresponds to at least one of the following: the first indication information, the first information, the third information, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, the fourth information, and the fifth information is determined; The first indication information, the first information, the third information, the third-party related information, the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, the fourth information, and the fifth information are at least one of the following. ​ ​ ​ 39. The method of claim 36, wherein, The terminal identifier comprises at least one of the following: first indication information, first information, second information, third party related information, third party terminal identifier, second indication information, third indication information, fourth indication information, fourth information, and fifth information. The second information comprises at least one of the following: first indication information, information indicating the position of the first information in the terminal identifier, information indicating which part of the terminal identifier belongs to the first information, information indicating the length of the terminal identifier, and information indicating the coding structure of the terminal identifier.

40. The method of claim 36 or 37 or 38 or 39, wherein The third party related information comprises at least one of the following: the identity of the third party, index information of the third party, Routing indicator, domain name of the third party, and address of the third party.

41. A method for performing an action, comprising: A fifth communication device performs a fifth action, the fifth action comprising: sending a terminal device identifier; The terminal identifier is used to identify one or more terminal devices; The terminal identifier comprises at least one of the following: First indication information, first information, second information, third party related information, third party terminal identifier, second indication information, third indication information, fourth indication information, fourth information, and fifth information; The first information is information used to index, identify, or indicate one of the following: a second communication device, a certificate holder, an authentication device, and an operating subject; The first indication information is used to indicate one of the following: the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by a first entity, the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by a third party, and an entity allocating or defining the terminal identifier; The first entity comprises one of the following: an operator and 3GPP; The second information comprises at least one of the following: first indication information, information indicating the position of the first information in the terminal identifier, information indicating which part of the terminal identifier belongs to the first information, information indicating the length of the terminal identifier, and information indicating the coding structure of the terminal identifier; The third party related information is information used to index, identify, or indicate a third party; The second indication information is used to indicate whether the network identifier is used to index, identify, or indicate a second object; The third indication information is used to indicate one of the following: the third party is a certificate holder or the third party is not a certificate holder; and the third party related information is used to index, identify, or indicate a second object or not; The fourth indication information is used to indicate whether the terminal identifier comprises the first information or not; The fifth information is used to distinguish the type of information used to index, identify, or indicate a second object; The second object comprises one of the following: a second communication device, a certificate holder, an authentication device, and an operating subject. The terminal identifier comprises the first information in the case that a ninth condition is met; The ninth condition comprises at least one of the following:

42. The method of claim 41, wherein, The network identifier is not used to index, identify, or indicate a second object; The third party is not a certificate holder; ​ ​ The third-party related information is not used for indexing, identifying or indicating the second object; The fourth indication information indicates that the terminal identifier comprises the first information.

43. The method of claim 42, wherein, In the case that the terminal identifier is a third-party assigned or defined terminal identifier, the terminal identifier does not contain a network identifier.

44. A behavior performing apparatus, comprising: a first performing module configured to perform a first behavior, the first behavior comprising at least one of: receiving one or more terminal identifiers; determining first information; determining a second communication device; determining a third party or third-party related information; determining to perform or not to perform an operation of determining the third party, or determining to perform or not to perform an operation of determining the third-party related information; requesting the second communication device to authenticate a first object, the first object comprising at least one of: the terminal identifier, a source terminal device of the terminal identifier, a terminal device indicated by the terminal identifier; sending the terminal identifier to the second communication device; wherein, the terminal identifier is used for identifying one or more terminal devices; the third-party related information is information used for one of: indexing, identifying or indicating a third party; the first information is information used for indexing, identifying or indicating one of: a second communication device, a certificate holder, an authentication device, an operating subject.

45. A behavior performing apparatus, comprising: a second performing module configured to perform a second behavior, the second behavior comprising at least one of: receiving a terminal identifier sent by a first communication device; authenticating a first object; sending an authentication result of the first object to the first communication device; wherein the first object comprises at least one of: the terminal identifier, a source terminal device of the terminal identifier, a terminal device indicated by the terminal identifier; the terminal identifier is used for identifying one or more terminal devices.

46. A behavior performing apparatus, comprising: a third performing module configured to perform a third behavior, the third behavior comprising: sending at least one of: first indication information, first information, third information, third-party related information, second indication information, third indication information, fourth indication information, fourth information, fifth information; wherein, the first information is information used for indexing, identifying or indicating one of: a second communication device, a certificate holder, an authentication device, an operating subject; the third information comprises at least one of: the first indication information, information used for indicating a position of the first information in a terminal device identifier, information used for indicating which of the terminal identifiers belong to the first information, information used for indicating a length of the terminal identifier, information used for indicating an encoding structure of the terminal identifier, the fourth information, information used for indicating which of the information in the terminal identifier can be used for identifying or screening terminal devices, information used for indicating a position of the fourth information in the terminal identifier; the fourth information is information used for identifying or screening terminal devices; the third-party related information is information used for one of: indexing, identifying or indicating a third party; the fifth information is information used for one of: indexing, identifying or indicating a second communication device, a certificate holder, an authentication device, an operating subject. The first indication information is used for indicating one of the following: the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by a first entity, the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by a third party, and an entity allocating or defining the terminal identifier; and the first entity comprises one of the following: an operator and 3GPP.

47. A behavior execution apparatus, comprising: a third execution module configured to execute a third behavior, the third behavior comprising: sending at least one of the following: first indication information, first information, third information, third party related information, second indication information, third indication information, fourth indication information, fourth information, and fifth information; wherein, the first information is information used for indexing, identifying, or indicating one of the following: a second communication device, a certificate holder, an authentication device, and an operating subject; the third information comprises at least one of the following: the first indication information, information used for indicating a position of the first information in a terminal identifier, information used for indicating which of the terminal identifier belongs to the first information, information used for indicating a length of the terminal identifier, information used for indicating a coding structure of the terminal identifier, the fourth information, information used for indicating which of the information in the terminal identifier can be used for identifying or screening a terminal device, and information used for indicating a position of the fourth information in the terminal identifier; and the fourth information is information used for identifying or screening a terminal device; the third party related information is information used for indexing, identifying, or indicating a third party; the first indication information is used for indicating one of the following: the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by a first entity, the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier allocated or defined by a third party, and an entity allocating or defining the terminal identifier; and the first entity comprises one of the following: an operator and 3GPP.

48. A behavior execution apparatus, wherein, comprising: a fourth execution module configured to execute a fourth behavior, the fourth behavior comprising at least one of the following: determining at least one of the following corresponding to a third party: first indication information, first information, third information, second indication information, third indication information, fourth indication information, fourth information, and fifth information; sending at least one of the following: first indication information, first operation related information, first information, third information, third party related information, second indication information, third indication information, fourth indication information, fourth information, and fifth information; wherein, the first operation related information comprises at least one of the following: the first information, the third information, and the third party related information; the first information is information used for indexing, identifying, or indicating one of the following: a second communication device, a certificate holder, an authentication device, and an operating subject; the third information comprises at least one of the following: the first indication information, information used for indicating a position of the first information in a terminal identifier, information used for indicating which of the terminal identifier belongs to the first information, information used for indicating a length of the terminal identifier, information used for indicating a coding structure of the terminal identifier, the fourth information, information used for indicating which of the information in the terminal identifier can be used for identifying or screening a terminal device, and information used for indicating a position of the fourth information in the terminal identifier; and the fourth information is information used for identifying or screening a terminal device; The third-party related information is information for indexing, identifying, or indicating the third party; The first indication information is used for indicating one of the following: the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier assigned or defined by the first entity, the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier assigned or defined by the third party, and an entity that assigns or defines the terminal identifier; The first entity includes one of the following: an operator, and 3GPP.

49. A behavior execution apparatus, comprising: a fifth execution module configured to execute a fifth behavior, the fifth behavior including sending a terminal device identifier; The terminal identifier is used to identify one or more terminal devices; The terminal identifier includes at least one of the following: first indication information, first information, second information, third-party related information, third-party terminal identifier, second indication information, third indication information, fourth indication information, fourth information, and fifth information; The first information is information for indexing, identifying, or indicating one of the following: a second communication device, a certificate holder, an authentication device, and an operating subject; The first indication information is used for indicating one of the following: the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier assigned or defined by the first entity, the terminal identifier is a terminal identifier assigned or defined by the third party, and an entity that assigns or defines the terminal identifier; The first entity includes one of the following: an operator, and 3GPP. The second information includes at least one of the following: the first indication information, information for indicating a location of the first information in the terminal identifier, information for indicating which information in the terminal identifier belongs to the first information, information for indicating a length of the terminal identifier, and information for indicating an encoding structure of the terminal identifier; The third-party related information is information for indexing, identifying, or indicating the third party; The second indication information is used for indicating whether the network identifier is used for indexing, identifying, or indicating a second object; The third indication information is used for indicating one of the following: the third party is a certificate holder or the third party is not a certificate holder; and the third-party related information is used for indexing, identifying, or indicating the second object or not; The fourth indication information is used for indicating whether the terminal identifier includes the first information; The fifth information is used for distinguishing a type of information for indexing, identifying, or indicating the second object; The second object includes one of the following: a second communication device, a certificate holder, an authentication device, and an operating subject.

50. A communication device, comprising a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions executable on the processor, the program or instructions being executed by the processor to implement the steps of the method of any one of claims 1 to 43.

51. A readable storage medium, the readable storage medium storing a program or instructions, the program or instructions being executed by a processor to implement the steps of the method of any one of claims 1 to 43.

52. A computer program product, comprising computer instructions, the computer instructions being executed by a processor to implement the steps of the method of any one of claims 1 to 43.

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