Stacked-plate filter assemblies and filter plates therefore

Abstract

Filter plates and stacked-plate filter assemblies for normal flow filtration are provided that overcome the need for multiple plate designs and provide for improved fluid flow in normal¬ flow filtration. The plates can include a jumper region connecting some of the manifold ports to allow for the same plate to be couped alternatingly to the input pathway and the permeate pathway simply by arranging the plates in an alternating orientation. Through holes added to the plate allow the fluid to communicate to both side of the plate, further enhancing the efficiency of this design. Methods of making and methods of using the filter plates and filter assemblies are also provided.

Description

TERA-PAT022-PCT01STACKED-PLATE FILTER ASSEMBLIES AND FILTER PLATES THEREFORECROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application claims the benefit of and priority to co-pending U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 699,611 , filed on September 26, 2024, entitled “STACKED-PLATE FILTER ASSEMBLIES AND FILTER PLATES THEREFORE,” the contents of which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present disclosure generally relates to the field of filtration science, and in particular to stacked plate filter assemblies and uses thereof.BACKGROUND

[0003] Filtrations underpin a wide range of industrial applications requiring for the separation, purification, and clarification of liquids and gases. In the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries, filtration is fundamental for ensuring the sterility and quality of products such as vaccines, biologies, and cell and gene therapies, where precise removal of particulates, microorganisms, and endotoxins is vital. In the food and beverage sector, filtration processes play a key role in clarifying juices, wines, and beers, as well as ensuring product safety by removing contaminants and extending shelf life. Meanwhile, in the chemical industry, filtration is essential for refining raw materials, removing impurities, and producing high-purity chemicals and solvents. Additionally, in the semiconductor industry, filtration is crucial for achieving ultra-high purity in process chemicals and gases, where even microscopic particles can cause defects in microchips and other components. Across all these sectors, advances in filtration technologies are continuously driving improvements in product quality, process efficiency, and environmental sustainability, making filtration science a cornerstone of modern industrial practices.

[0004] Despite the advances in filtration science, the field faces several significant challenges as industries seek to balance costs, efficiency, and sustainability while meeting increasingly stringent regulatory standards. One of the primary challenges is the high operational cost associated with advanced filtration technologies, including the expense of specialized materials, energy consumption, and the need for frequent maintenance or replacement of filter media. Efficiency is also a critical issue, as current filtration methods often struggle to achieve high throughput without compromising the purity or integrity of the product, particularly in sectors like pharmaceuticals and biotechnology, where the stakes are highest. Moreover, the complexity and diversity of materials to be filtered — from delicate biological molecules to aggressive chemicals — can require highly specialized solutions that are not always readily available. These challenges underscore the need for continued research and development to innovate new filtration materials, designs, andTERA-PAT022-PCT01 methods that can lower costs, improve efficiency, and adapt to the specific needs of different industries. Further advances in this field will be crucial to overcoming existing limitations, enabling more sustainable and effective filtration processes, and ultimately driving growth and innovation across various sectors.

[0005] There remains a need for continued research and development in the area of filtration science.SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE

[0006] In various aspects, the present disclosure provides filter plates and stacked-plate filter assemblies for use in normal-flow filtration. The filter plates and filter assemblies described in the present disclosure overcome many of the deficiencies with prior filter systems by, for example, providing improved flow and filtration and minimizing the number of different filter plate designs required.

[0007] In various aspects, the disclosure provides filter plates and filter assemblies formed from the filter plates that are simpler and require only a single filter plate design for normal-flow filtration filter assemblies. The filter plates are designed such that, by simply stacking the filter plates in the filter stack in an alternating orientation, the filter plates can direct flow from the inlet pathway, across a membrane filter, and into the permeate pathway to exit the filter stack. In some aspects, the filter plates include a reference element to aide in the alignment of the filter plates within the filter stack, wherein the reference element on each adjacent plate is arranged on alternating ends of the filter stack.

[0008] In some aspects, this disclosure provides a filter plate for use in a stacked-plate filter assembly having a first filtration surface on a first face, a first manifold port and a second manifold port positioned so that, when the plate is stacked in an alternating orientation with an adjacent plate of the same design, the first manifold port aligns with the second manifold port on the adjacent plate and the second manifold port aligns with the first manifold port on the adjacent plate, and a jumper region fluidly coupling the first filtration surface to the first manifold port.

[0009] In some aspects, this disclosure provides a filter plate including a body with a first face and an opposite second face, a first filtration surface on the first face, first and second manifold ports on the body, and a jumper region fluidly coupling the first filtration surface to the first manifold port and not to the second manifold port, the first and second manifold ports being positioned such that, when stacked in an alternating orientation with an identical plate, the first manifold port of the plate aligns with the second manifold port of the identical plate and vice-versa.

[0010] In some aspects, this disclosure provides a filter plate comprising a body with a first filtration surface on a first face and a second filtration surface on a second, opposite face, first and second manifold ports, one or more through-holes fluidly communicating the first filtration surface with the second filtration surface, and a jumper region fluidly coupling the filtration surfaces to theTERA-PAT022-PCT01 first manifold port, the ports being positioned such that, when stacked in an alternating orientation with an identical plate, the first manifold port aligns with the second manifold port of the identical plate and vice-versa.

[0011] In some aspects, this disclosure provides a filter plate including a first filtration surface, first and second manifold ports, and a jumper region fluidly coupling the first filtration surface to the first manifold port, wherein, when a plurality of identical plates are stacked in an alternating orientation to form a filter stack, the first and second manifold ports collectively define two continuous manifolds extending through the stack, and the first filtration surface of each plate is in direct fluid communication with only one of the two manifolds.

[0012] In some aspects, this disclosure provides a filter plate comprising a first filtration surface, first and second manifold ports disposed to align with the second and first manifold ports, respectively, of an identical plate when rotated 180°, a jumper region coupling the first filtration surface to the first manifold port, and a reference element on the body positioned to indicate the manifold port coupled by the jumper, the reference element being locatable at alternating ends in a stack of identical plates.

[0013] In some aspects, this disclosure provides, in a filter plate for a stacked normal-flow filtration assembly having a filtration surface and manifold ports, the improvement comprising arranging two manifold ports on opposite ends of the plate such that a first of the ports aligns with a second of the ports of an identical plate when the plates are stacked in alternating orientation, and providing a jumper region that fluidly couples the filtration surface to the first manifold port to thereby enable the stack to form two continuous manifolds when identical plates are stacked in an alternating orientation.

[0014] In some aspects, this disclosure provides a filter plate comprising a first filtration surface, first and second manifold ports, and means for fluidly coupling the first filtration surface to the first manifold port, wherein the ports are positioned such that, when the plate is stacked with an identical plate rotated 180°, the first port aligns with the second port of the adjacent plate and vice-versa.

[0015] In still further aspects, the filter plate includes a first filtration surface on a first face of the filter plate; a first manifold port and a second manifold port, wherein each of the first manifold port and the second manifold port are positioned on the plate such that, when the plate is stacked in an alternating orientation with an adjacent plate having the same design, the first manifold port is aligned with the second manifold port on the adjacent plate, and the second manifold port is aligned with the first manifold port on the adjacent plate. The filter plate can further include a jumper region fluidly coupling the first filtration surface to the first manifold port.

[0016] In some aspects, the filter plate includes both a first filtration surface on a first face of the filter plate and a second filtration surface on a second face of the filter plate, the second face beingTERA-PAT022-PCT01 opposite the first face. The filter plate can include one or more through holes allowing a fluid to communicate between the first filtration surface and the second filtration surface.

[0017] Filter assemblies formed from the filter plates are also provided. The filter assemblies can include a filter stack containing a plurality of the filter plates arranged in an alternating orientation with membrane filters between adjacent filter plates. The filter stack can be sandwiched between a first end plate on a first end of the filter stack and a second end plate on a second end of the filter stack, the second end opposite the first end.

[0018] In some aspects, this disclosure provides a filter assembly for normal-flow filtration including a first end plate at a first end of the assembly, a second end plate at a second, opposite end, and a filter stack between the end plates, the filter stack comprising a plurality of identical filter plates of a single plate design arranged in an alternating orientation.

[0019] In some aspects, this disclosure provides a filter assembly for normal-flow filtration comprising a first end plate, a second end plate opposite the first end plate, and a plurality of filter plates disposed between the end plates, each filter plate having a first filtration surface on a first face, a first manifold port and a second manifold port positioned so that the first manifold port aligns with a second manifold port of an adjacent plate when stacked in an alternating orientation, a jumper region fluidly coupling the first filtration surface to the first manifold port, and a membrane filter positioned between adjacent filter plates.

[0020] In some aspects, this disclosure provides a filter assembly for normal-flow filtration with a filter stack sandwiched between a first end plate and a second end plate, the filter stack comprising a plurality of identical filter plates arranged in an alternating orientation such that manifold ports on the plates form an inlet pathway and a permeate pathway, each filter plate being in direct fluid communication with only one of the pathways, and a plurality of membrane filters each located between adjacent plates.

[0021] In some aspects, this disclosure provides a filter assembly for normal-flow filtration comprising first and second end plates and a filter stack therebetween, the stack including a plurality of identical filter plates arranged in an alternating orientation, each plate having a first filtration surface on a first face and a second filtration surface on an opposite face, first and second manifold ports disposed to align alternately with the second and first manifold ports, respectively, of adjacent plates when alternated, at least one through-hole fluidly communicating the first and second filtration surfaces, and a jumper region fluidly coupling the first filtration surface to the first manifold port, the manifold ports collectively defining an inlet manifold and a permeate manifold through the stack, with a membrane filter between each adjacent pair of plates, and the filtration surfaces of any given plate being in direct fluid communication with only one of the manifolds.

[0022] In some aspects, this disclosure provides a filter assembly for normal-flow filtration comprising identical end plates, each having a primary port and an auxiliary port fluidly coupledTERA-PAT022-PCT01 to a conduit terminating at a sealing surface, and a filter stack clamped between the identical end plates, the stack including a plurality of identical filter plates arranged in an alternating orientation and a plurality of membrane filters each between a respective pair of adjacent plates, wherein the manifold ports of the plates align to form an inlet manifold and a permeate manifold through the stack, and either end plate is interchangeable to couple its primary port to either manifold. In some aspects, the disclosure provides kits containing the filter plates and, optionally, containing membrane filters.

[0023] In further aspects, the disclosure provides methods of making and methods of using the filter plates and filter assemblies.

[0024] Other systems, methods, features, and advantages of the filter plates and filter assemblies will be or become apparent to one with skill in the art upon examination of the following drawings and detailed description. It is intended that all such additional systems, methods, features, and advantages be included within this description, be within the scope of the present disclosure, and be protected by the accompanying claims.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Further aspects of the present disclosure will be readily appreciated upon review of the detailed description, described below, when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The components in the drawings are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon clearly illustrating the principles of the present disclosure. Moreover, in the drawings, like reference numerals designate corresponding parts throughout the several views.

[0026] FIG. 1 is a front perspective view of a stacked plate filter assembly according to a first aspect of the disclosure.

[0027] FIG. 2 is a front view of stacked plate filter assembly according to a first aspect of the disclosure.

[0028] FIG. 3 is a back view of stacked plate filter assembly according to a first aspect of the disclosure.

[0029] FIG. 4 is a side view of stacked plate filter assembly according to a first aspect of the disclosure.

[0030] FIG. 5 is a top view of stacked plate filter assembly according to a first aspect of the disclosure.

[0031] FIG. 6 is a bottom view of stacked plate filter assembly according to a first aspect of the disclosure.

[0032] FIG. 7 is a top perspective view of filter plate according to a first aspect of the disclosure.TERA-PAT022-PCT01

[0033] FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of end portion of filter plate according to a first aspect of the disclosure.

[0034] FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of jumper region and through holes of filter plate according to a first aspect of the disclosure.

[0035] FIG. 10 is a top view of filter plate according to a first aspect of the disclosure.

[0036] FIG. 11 is a bottom view of filter plate according to a first aspect of the disclosure.

[0037] FIG. 12 is a schematic demonstrating the path of flow through a stack of filter plates according to an aspect of the disclosure.

[0038] FIG. 13 is an enlarged sectional view showing just a portion of the filter stack along line 13-13 from FIG. 1 and FIG. 2.

[0039] FIG. 14 is an exploded front perspective view of stacked plate filter assembly according to a first aspect of the disclosure.

[0040] FIG. 15 is an exploded side view of stacked plate filter assembly according to a first aspect of the disclosure.

[0041] FIG. 16 is an exploded sectional view along line 16-16 of the of the exploded view of FIG. 15.

[0042] FIG. 17 is an exploded partial left front perspective view of stacked plate filter assembly according to a first aspect of the disclosure.

[0043] FIG. 18 is an exploded partial right front perspective view of stacked plate filter assembly according to a first aspect of the disclosure.

[0044] FIG. 19 is an exploded front view of stacked plate filter assembly according to a first aspect of the disclosure.

[0045] FIG. 20 is an exploded back view of stacked plate filter assembly according to a first aspect of the disclosure.

[0046] FIG. 21 is a exploded side view of stacked plate filter assembly according to a first aspect of the disclosure.

[0047] FIG. 22 is a top perspective view of end plate according to a first aspect of the disclosure.

[0048] FIG. 23 s a bottom perspective view of end plate according to a first aspect of the disclosure.

[0049] FIG. 24 is a side view of end plate according to a first aspect of the disclosure.

[0050] FIG. 25 is a top view of end plate according to a first aspect of the disclosure.

[0051] FIG. 26 is a bottom view of end plate according to a first aspect of the disclosure.

[0052] FIG. 27 is a front view of end plate according to a first aspect of the disclosure.TERA-PAT022-PCT01

[0053] FIG. 28 is a top perspective view of gasket according to a first aspect of the disclosure.

[0054] FIG. 29 is a bottom perspective view of gasket according to a first aspect of the disclosure.

[0055] FIG. 30 is a top view of gasket according to a first aspect of the disclosure.

[0056] FIG. 31 is a bottom view of gasket according to a first aspect of the disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] In the filtration industry, there is increasing pressure to develop more efficient and lower- cost separation processes, driven by industries such as food and beverage, pharmaceuticals, and biotechnology. Various filtration and separation approaches have been developed to serve the varied needs of these industries, but the dominant approaches remain cross-flow (or “tangential- flow”) filtration and normal-flow (or “dead-end”) filtration.

[0058] Cross-flow filtration and normal-flow filtration each offer distinct advantages and disadvantages, depending on the application and the nature of the feed stream. In industries like biotechnology, food processing, and water treatment, the choice between these filtration methods depends on factors such as efficiency, operational costs, and system complexity.

[0059] Cross-flow filtration is known for its ability to handle feed streams with high particulate loads or fouling potential. In this method, fluid flows tangentially to the filter surface, allowing part of the liquid to pass through the membrane while the rest continues along the membrane surface as a retentate stream. This design can significantly reduce membrane fouling, as the flow constantly sweeps particles away from the membrane, alleviating clogging and prolonging membrane life. As a result, cross-flow filtration can be highly effective in applications requiring long operating times without frequent cleaning, such as ultrafiltration, microfiltration, and reverse osmosis.

[0060] However, the advantages of cross-flow filtration come with trade-offs. The need for a continuous tangential flow requires more complex system designs, including recirculation loops and pumps, leading to higher capital and operational costs. Additionally, cross-flow filtration often operates at lower throughputs because only a portion of the feed passes through the membrane at any given time. This can result in longer processing times and, in some cases, higher energy consumption due to the recirculating retentate. Managing the retentate stream can also introduce additional processing steps or disposal costs. While cross-flow systems can offer efficiency in minimizing fouling, they require significant investment and maintenance.

[0061] In contrast, normal-flow filtration offers several advantages, particularly in terms of simplicity, cost, and throughput. In this method, the entire feed stream flows perpendicularly through the membrane, with no retentate stream. This allows for a higher throughput because all the liquid is filtered in a single pass, making normal-flow filtration often preferred for applications requiring rapid filtration of large volumes, such as in batch processing. The system design forTERA-PAT022-PCT01 normal-flow filtration is also simpler, with fewer components like pumps or recirculation loops, leading to lower capital and operational costs. Moreover, normal-flow filtration can consume less energy, as there is no need to maintain tangential flow, and it can require less oversight and maintenance than cross-flow systems.

[0062] A primary disadvantage of conventional normal-flow filtration can be its susceptibility to membrane fouling, especially with feed streams containing high particulate concentrations. In normal-flow filtration, particles accumulate on the membrane surface and can rapidly block the pores, requiring frequent cleaning or membrane replacement. However, if fouling can be effectively reduced — through innovations in filter media, pre-filtration steps, or periodic backflushing — normal-flow becomes highly advantageous. The combination of high throughput, low system complexity, and cost-effectiveness makes it an attractive option for applications where fouling is controlled.

[0063] If membrane fouling in normal-flow filtration can be alleviated or reduced, its advantages become even more pronounced. For example, applicant has developed proprietary selfassembled block-copolymer membranes such as those described in U.S. Patent No. 9,527,041 , U.S. Patent No. 10,711 ,111 , U.S. Patent No. 11 ,466,134, US Patent. No. 12,012,492, U.S. Patent No. 11 ,802,200, U.S. Patent No. 11 ,572,424, and U.S. Patent No. 11 ,628,409, the contents of which are incorporate by reference herein. The membranes can provide for improved fouling properties, improved chemical stability, and / or more precise of monodisperse pore sizes. By addressing the primary limitation of fouling, normal-flow offers a more energy-efficient and cost- effective solution for many industries, allowing for faster processing with lower capital and maintenance requirements. This makes normal-flow filtration particularly appealing for large-scale industrial processes where operational simplicity and cost reduction are key priorities. In such cases, normal-flow filtration can outperform cross-flow systems, providing a more streamlined, lower-cost alternative without sacrificing performance.

[0064] Stacked plate filter assemblies have emerged as a popular solution for scalable and high- throughput normal-flow filtration applications, offering high filtration efficiency and scalability. However, the complexity of their design, particularly the use of multiple types of plates, introduces challenges in manufacturing, tooling, and inventory management, ultimately adding to the cost of filtration systems.

[0065] A typical stacked plate filter assembly for normal-flow filtration includes several different types of plates that each serve a distinct function within the filtration process. Feed plates (or distribution plates) are often responsible for ensuring that the incoming fluid is distributed evenly across the filter media, maximizing the surface area used for filtration. Permeate plates (or filtrate plates) are often used to collect the filtered liquid and direct it toward the outlet, preventing any contaminants from re-entering the fluid stream. Additionally, spacer plates are often used to create the necessary space between filter plates to allow fluid flow and prevent the filter media fromTERA-PAT022-PCT01 becoming compressed. Finally, end plates are typically used to seal the assembly and apply the necessary pressure to maintain the integrity of the filtration process.

[0066] While the use of all these different types of plates can provide for optimized fluid management, flow control, and separation efficiency, the need for multiple plate designs significantly increases manufacturing complexity even for normal-flow filtration. Each plate type requires different tooling and molds, which not only elevates the initial costs of production but also raises the cost per unit. Custom tooling for feed, permeate, spacer, and end plates must be maintained, adding to the expenses associated with machine setup and retooling. Moreover, manufacturers need to keep a stock of various plate types to meet demand, which results in higher inventory management costs and logistical challenges. This becomes particularly relevant in industries with high-throughput requirements, where any delay in restocking or retooling can lead to costly production downtime.

[0067] In an industry striving for cost-effective separations, the added complexity of multi-plate designs for normal-flow filtration presents a significant challenge. There is a need to streamline production, either by reducing the number of distinct plates required for normal-flow filtration or by improving manufacturing methods to lower costs, without sacrificing the filtration performance and advantage offered by normal-flow filtration. Balancing the need for complex, high-efficiency filtration systems for normal-flow filtration with the demand for lower-cost solutions remains a crucial goal for the filtration industry, and aspects described in the present disclosure provide key advantages to achieving this balance. In various aspects, the disclosure provides filter plates and filter assemblies formed from the filter plates that are simpler and require only a single filter plate design for normal-flow filtration filter assemblies. The filter plates are designed such that, by simply stacking the filter plates in the filter stack in an alternating orientation, the filter plates can direct flow from the inlet pathway, across a membrane filter, and into the permeate pathway to exit the filter stack. In some aspects, the filter plates include a reference element to aide in the alignment of the filter plates within the filter stack, wherein the reference element on each adjacent plate is arranged on alternating ends of the filter stack.

[0069] In still further aspects, the filter plate includes a first filtration surface on a first face of the filter plate; a first manifold port and a second manifold port, wherein each of the first manifold port and the second manifold port are positioned on the plate such that, when the plate is stacked in an alternating orientation with an adjacent plate having the same design, the first manifold port is aligned with the second manifold port on the adjacent plate, and the second manifold port is aligned with the first manifold port on the adjacent plate. The filter plate can further include a jumper region fluidly coupling the first filtration surface to the first manifold port.

[0070] In some aspects, the filter plate includes both a first filtration surface on a first face of the filter plate and a second filtration surface on a second face of the filter plate, the second face beingTERA-PAT022-PCT01 opposite the first face. The filter plate can include one or more through holes allowing a fluid to communicate between the first filtration surface and the second filtration surface.

[0071] Filter assemblies formed from the filter plates are also provided. The filter assemblies can include a filter stack containing a plurality of the filter plates arranged in an alternating orientation with membrane filters between adjacent filter plates. The filter stack can be sandwiched between a first end plate on a first end of the filter stack and a second end plate on a second end of the filter stack, the second end opposite the first end.

[0072] In further aspects, the disclosure provides methods of making and methods of using the filter plates and filter assemblies.

[0073] Although any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can also be used in the practice or testing of the present disclosure, the preferred methods and materials are now described. Functions or constructions well-known in the art may not be described in detail for brevity and / or clarity. Aspects of the present disclosure will employ, unless otherwise indicated, techniques of mechanical engineering, chemical engineering, materials science, fluid dynamics, filtration science, manufacturing engineering, process engineering, industrial design, biotechnology, pharmaceutical engineering, environmental engineering, food science, biomedical engineering, product development, polymer science, microbiology, quality control engineering, instrumentation engineering, automation engineering, industrial maintenance, and the like, which are within the skill of the art. Such techniques are explained fully in the literature.

[0074] The disclosure has been organized with aide of various section headings, which are used for convenience and readability, and should not be construed in any way as limiting the disclosure or the scope of the claims. The claims may, in some instances, incorporate aspects that fall under different section headings and such combinations of aspects are understood to be encompassed by the instant disclosure.

[0075] The disclosure will be better understood with the aid of certain definitions, which are described in detail in the sections entitled Definitions. Other terms and methods may be described elsewhere in the disclosure, and yet others will be understood by those skilled in the art upon reading the disclosure provided herein. All definitions and methods described herein should be understood to control over dictionary definitions, definitions in documents incorporated by reference, and / or ordinary meanings of the defined terms.

[0076] All publications and patents cited in this specification are cited to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials in connection with which the publications are cited. All such publications and patents are herein incorporated by references as if each individual publication or patent were specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference. Such incorporation by reference is expressly limited to the methods and / or materials described in the cited publications and patents and does not extend to any lexicographical definitions from theTERA-PAT022-PCT01 cited publications and patents. Any lexicographical definition in the publications and patents cited that is not also expressly repeated in the instant specification should not be treated as such and should not be read as defining any terms appearing in the accompanying claims. Furthermore, any incorporation by reference of patents and patent applications to which the instant application claims priority is not intended to extend to any lexicographical definitions in the patents and patent applications so incorporated and should not be read as limiting the accompanying claims.

[0077] The citation of any publication is for its disclosure prior to the filing date and should not be construed as an admission that the present disclosure is not entitled to antedate such publication by virtue of prior disclosure. Further, the dates of publication provided could be different from the actual publication dates that may need to be independently confirmed.Filter Assemblies

[0078] In various aspects, filter assemblies are provided composed of a filter stack sandwiched between a first end plate at a first end of the filter assembly and a second end plate at a second end of the filter assembly, the second end opposite the first end. Applicant has found that filter assemblies comprised of the filter plates described herein can be easier to produce and require fewer distinct plate designs compared to conventional normal-flow filtration stacked-plate filter assembly designs.

[0079] FIGS. 1-6 depict an exemplary filter assembly 10 for normal-flow filtration according to a first aspect of the disclosure. The filter assembly 10 includes a filter stack 20 sandwiched between a first end plate 201 at a first end 11 and a second end plate 202 at a second end, the second end opposite the first end. The filter stack can include two or more filter plates 100 stacked in an alternating orientation. For example, the filter stack 20 can include a plurality of filter plates 100 all arranged in an alternating orientation. FIGS. 14-18 depict exploded views of the filter assembly 10.

[0080] The term “alternating orientation,” as used herein, can be used to refer to two adjacent plates within a stack or to all plates within a stack as will be understood by context. Two plates are said to be arranged in an “alternating orientation” when arranged such that normal vectors drawn from the filter surface of each plate are arranged in a parallel or antiparallel orientation, but the plates are rotated 180°relative to each other around an axis perpendicular to the stacking direction. This results in an alternating pattern where the orientation of the plates flips between successive layers, while the alignment of their edges and the stacking direction can be maintained. A plurality of plates in a filter stack can be described as alternating when each pair of adjacent plates in the stack is arranged in an alternating orientation.

[0081] The filter stack is securely clamped between the first end plate and the second end plate during use. A variety of mechanism exist for clamping the filter plates, end plates, filter membranes, and if present additional plates, supports, gaskets, and other elements of the filter stack. Suitable methods can include tie rods, bolts and nuts, external clamping frames, hydraulicTERA-PAT022-PCT01 clamping, toggle clamps, and any suitable method for securing the stack in place and with sufficient pressure to contain the fluid within the desired locations in the filter stack.

[0082] In some aspects, a tie rod mechanism can be employed to clamp the filter plates together in a stacked-plate filtration assembly. The tie rods are inserted through clamping holes in the filter plates, extending the length of the stack. Nuts are threaded onto the ends of the rods and tightened to apply uniform pressure across the stack, compressing the plates, gaskets, and membrane filters. This mechanism can be particularly suited for systems operating under high pressure, as the tension in the tie rods can be adjusted to achieve the necessary force to maintain a proper seal.

[0083] In other aspects, bolts and nuts can be used as the clamping mechanism. Bolts are inserted through aligned clamping holes in the filter plates, and nuts are fastened onto the bolts to provide the clamping force. The bolts can be evenly tightened to compress the filter stack, ensuring the necessary compression for sealing and alignment. This method can be particularly advantageous in smaller systems or where lower operating pressures are involved, providing a simple and effective solution for securing the filter plates.

[0084] In still other aspects, an external clamping frame can be employed to secure the filter plates. The clamping frame surrounds the stack of filter plates, and pressure is applied externally through mechanical or hydraulic means. The frame can be tightened using screws, bolts, or other mechanisms to apply uniform compression across the entire stack. This method can be particularly useful in larger filtration assemblies or industrial-scale systems where precise, evenly distributed pressure is critical to the operation.

[0085] In additional aspects, a hydraulic clamping system can be utilized. Hydraulic cylinders or pistons can be positioned to apply controlled pressure to the filter stack, ensuring consistent and adjustable force. This mechanism can be particularly beneficial in systems that require frequent assembly and disassembly, as hydraulic clamping allows for rapid application and release of pressure. Hydraulic clamping can also provide more precise control over the compression, making it suitable for high-pressure filtration operations.

[0086] In certain aspects, toggle clamps can be used as an alternative clamping mechanism. Toggle clamps can employ a lever-based system to apply pressure to the filter plates and lock them in place. This clamping method can be particularly advantageous in systems requiring frequent access to the filter plates for cleaning or maintenance. The toggle clamps can be easily engaged and disengaged, allowing for quick assembly and disassembly of the filter stack while still providing sufficient clamping force for normal-flow filtration applications.

[0087] These various clamping mechanisms can be selected and optimized based on the specific operational requirements, including system size, pressure conditions, and the need for ease of maintenance. Each mechanism ensures that the filter plates remain securely compressed and aligned during filtration processes, preventing fluid leakage and ensuring efficient operation.TERA-PAT022-PCT01Filter Pates

[0088] Filter plates are integral components in stacked-plate assemblies used for normal-flow filtration, where the feed fluid flows perpendicularly through a series of membranes to remove particulates, microorganisms, or other impurities. The filter plate can in some aspects be used to secure the one or more filter membranes, which acts as the primary medium for filtration, capturing contaminants while allowing the permeate fluid to pass through. These filter plates can be arranged in a stack to maximize surface area, improving the efficiency and throughput of the filtration process. The purpose of the filter plates is not only to provide structural support for the membrane but also to provide for the controlled distribution of fluid across the filtration surface.

[0089] In normal-flow filtration, the plates are stacked tightly to create a sealed system where the fluid is forced through the membranes under pressure. The design of the filter plates can include features to ensure proper alignment and sealing, preventing leaks and ensuring that the fluid flows only through the intended filtration channels. By providing stability and flow control, the filter plates enable the stacked-plate assembly to perform consistent, high-quality filtration across a variety of industrial applications, from biomanufacturing to water purification.

[0090] Turning back to the filter assembly 10 depicted in FIGS. 1-6, FIGS. 7-11 depict an exemplary filter plate 100 for use in the filter stack 20. The filter plate can include a filtration surface 110 on a first face 101 of the filter plate 100. The filtration surface is the specific region of the filter plate where the membrane or other filtration media is positioned during operation. The filtration surface can be designed to maximize the effective filtration area, ensuring that fluid passes through the membrane filter efficiently while capturing particles, microorganisms, or other impurities. The filtration surface can include design features such as grooves, recesses, and support structures to secure the membrane and maintain its structural integrity during filtration operations. In some exemplary aspects, the filtration surface 110 includes a plurality of grooves 113 allowing for improved distribution of the fluid across the membrane filter 300.

[0091] The use of grooves on the filtration surface can help to create defined channels that direct the flow of fluid evenly across the membrane filters. In some aspects, the groove dimensions, such as depth and width, can be adjusted or optimized to ensure proper fluid distribution and minimize areas of high pressure that could lead to membrane damage or inefficient filtration. The pattern and arrangement of grooves can also be varied to promote laminar flow, reduce turbulence, and increase flow of fluid through the membrane filter, thereby improving overall filtration efficiency.

[0092] In other aspects, the filtration surface can feature recesses specifically designed to seat the membrane filter securely within the plate. These recesses can be dimensioned to hold the membrane in place under compression, preventing movement or shifting during operation. The depth and shape of the recess can be optimized to provide the correct balance of support and fluid flow, ensuring that the membrane remains flat and in full contact with the fluid while avoidingTERA-PAT022-PCT01 excessive compression that could hinder flow or reduce the effective filtration area. The recess can also accommodate sealing features, such as gaskets or O-rings, to prevent fluid leakage around the membrane filter.

[0093] In further aspects, support structures such as mesh or perforated backing can be integrated into the filtration surface to provide mechanical support for the membrane filter, especially in applications involving higher pressures. These support structures can be designed to maintain the flatness of the membrane and prevent deformation during operation, which could otherwise compromise the filtration performance. The size and spacing of perforations or the mesh structure can be selected based on factors such as the viscosity of the fluid, the expected pressure differential across the membrane, and the required particle retention size. Optimizing these parameters can improve fluid throughput while maintaining the integrity of the membrane filter.

[0094] In some aspects, the total filtration surface area across multiple plates in a stacked-plate assembly can be adjusted by varying the surface area of the filtration surface and the number of filter plates in the stack. Increasing the number of plates increases the overall surface area, which can enhance the system’s capacity and throughput. The design of the filtration surface, including features like grooves and recesses, can also be modified to optimize the balance between flow rate and filtration efficiency based on the specific application requirements.

[0095] The filtration can facilitate controlling the flow dynamics, pressure distribution, and overall efficiency of the filter assembly. By optimizing the design and parameters of the filtration surface, such as groove patterns, recess depth, and support structures, the performance of the stacked- plate assembly can be finely tuned to meet specific operational needs in various filtration applications.

[0096] Considering again the exemplary filter plate 20, the filter plate 20 can have at least a first manifold port 121 and a second manifold port 122. Including manifold ports integrated into the plate structure can facilitate fluid distribution and collection. The manifold ports can be positioned to align with manifold ports on adjacent filter plates when stacked. These manifold ports combine to provide pathways, including both an inlet pathway 123 for the feed fluid to enter the filter stack 20 and a permeate pathway 124 for the filtrate or permeate to be collected and channeled out of the filter stack 20. This can be best seen in FIG. 12. The inlet pathway 123 and the permeate pathway 124 in a filter stack 20 are each formed from alternating first manifold ports 121 and second manifold ports 122. This should be contrasted with conventional filter plates that typically include dedicated inlet manifold ports and outlet manifold ports. The manifold ports are designed to ensure precise alignment across all filter plates in the filter stack, allowing for a continuous and uninterrupted flow of fluids through the filter assembly.

[0097] In some aspects, the manifold ports can be designed to prevent cross-contamination between the feed and permeate streams. For example, the manifold ports for the feed fluid andTERA-PAT022-PCT01 the permeate can be positioned on opposite ends of the filtration surface to ensure complete separation of the fluid paths. Sealing gaskets or O-rings can be positioned around the manifold ports to prevent fluid leakage between plates and to maintain the integrity of the flow paths.

[0098] Manifold ports can also be configured to enable modular scalability, allowing additional filter plates to be added or removed from the stack without compromising fluid distribution or collection. The modular design of the manifold ports ensures that the filtration assembly can be easily adapted to different process scales, enhancing the flexibility and efficiency of the system.

[0099] The manifold ports can, in principle, have any shape from circular, rectangular, oval, or any other suitable shape for interfacing with the end plates in the assembly. Turning back to the exemplary aspects, applicants have found that in some aspects it can be beneficial to have an elongated first manifold port 121 and an elongated second manifold port 122 where they each respectively run along a length on opposite ends of the filtration surface 111. The first manifold port 121 and the second manifold port 122 are positioned in this configuration such that the first manifold port 121 aligns with the second manifold port 122 of an adjacent filter plate when the filter plates are stacked in an alternating orientation.

[0100] The filter plate 100 can include a jumper region 140 fluidly coupling the first filtration surface 111 to the first manifold port 121. A jumper typically refers to a fluid pathway or conduit that connects different sections of the filter plate, allowing fluid to "jump" or flow from one part of the filter plate to another part of the filter plate without passing through a membrane or filtration medium. Jumpers are used to manage fluid routing within the stack, particularly in complex filtration assemblies where multiple stages or different flow paths are required. In the present context, the jumper region 140 serves to allow fluid to flow between the inlet pathway 123 and the first filtration surface 111 when the plate is in a first orientation in the stack. Similarly, the jumper region 140 serves to allow fluid to flow between the first filtration surface 111 and the permeate pathway 124 when the plate is an alternating orientation. The jumper region can include a plurality of ribs 141 forming a series of grooves or pathways to carry fluid between the first filtration surface 111 and the first manifold port 121.

[0101] In some aspects, where the filter plate 100 includes both a first filtration surface 111 and a second filtration surface 112 on opposite faces of the filter plate, the filter plate can further include one or more through holes 150 fluidly coupling the first filtration surface 111 and the second filtration surface 112 so that fluid can flow from the inlet stream through the jumper and across both the first filtration surface 111 and a second filtration surface 112 when the plate is in a first orientation where the first manifold port forms a portion of the inlet stream. When the filter plate is arranged in the alternate orientation, the first manifold port forms a portion of the permeate stream and the one or more through holes allow fluid to flow from each of the first filtration surface 111 and a second filtration surface 112 across the jumper and into the permeate stream.TERA-PAT022-PCT01

[0102] The flow of a fluid through the filter stack 20 under normal-flow filtration may be best understood upon viewing the diagram in FIG. 12. A plurality of filter plates 100 are depicted arranged in an alternating orientation. The manifold ports (121 and 122) align through the stack in an alternating fashion to produce an inlet pathway 123 and a permeate pathway 124. The fluid flowing through the inlet pathway will encounter jumper regions in the portions of the inlet pathway formed from a first manifold port 121. In these regions, labeled with a (1) in FIG. 12, the fluid flows through the jumper region and to the first filtration surface. Because of the through holes 150 the fluid is also communicated to the second filtration surface. The fluid then flows from the filtration surfaces through the membrane filter 300 (and the filter support if present) in the regions labeled with a (2). The fluid contacts the filtration surface of the adjacent plate at (3) and is transported across the filtration surface and through the jumpers coupling the filtration surface to the manifold ports forming the permeate pathway (marked with 4 in the figures).

[0103] In some aspects, in particular when the filter assembly is to be secured using methods such as tie rods or screws, the filter plate can include one or more clamping holes 160 configured to align with the clamping holes on the other filter plates in the filter stack and the similar clamping holes 260 in the end plates.End Plates

[0104] The filter assembly can include end plates that are distinct from the filter plates. The end plates are typically used in a filter stack for normal-flow filtration to provide structural integrity and sealing at both ends of the filter assembly. The end plates can be positioned at the top and bottom of the filter stack, acting as terminal boundaries that hold the filter plates, membrane filters, and any gaskets or seals in proper alignment. The end plates can be designed to ensure that the filter stack remains compressed under the clamping force applied by tie rods, bolts, or other clamping mechanisms, maintaining a secure and leak-proof assembly. In some aspects, both end plates can be of the same design such as the end plate 200 depicted in FIGS. 22-27. This can further simplify the filter assembly because, when used with the filter plates described herein, filter assemblies can be composed of just a single type of filter plate and a single type of end plate. In yet other aspects, each of the end plates can have a different design to address specific needs for the given use case.

[0105] In certain aspects, the end plates can incorporate primary ports such as inlet and outlet ports for directing the flow of fluid into and out of the filter stack. When used as an inlet port, the primary port can channel the feed fluid into the filter stack, ensuring it is evenly distributed across the filter plates for optimal filtration. Similarly, the primary port can be used as an outlet port. When used as an outlet port, the primary port can be configured to collect the filtrate or permeate after it has passed through the membrane filters, channeling it out of the system in a controlled manner. The positioning and design of the primary ports can be optimized to minimize pressure loss and ensure efficient fluid flow through the stack.TERA-PAT022-PCT01

[0106] In further aspects, an auxiliary port can be included in the end plate, often connected to the same channel as the inlet or outlet port. The auxiliary port can serve a variety of functions depending on the application. In some aspects, the auxiliary port can act as a vent port to release trapped air from the system during startup or operation, ensuring that the feed fluid fully saturates the filter stack and preventing air pockets, which could lead to reduced filtration efficiency or uneven flow distribution. In other aspects, the auxiliary port can serve as a pressure port, allowing the connection of a pressure sensor to monitor the pressure at the inlet or outlet. This can provide feedback on system performance, indicating potential issues such as membrane fouling or blockages. Additionally, the auxiliary port can function as a sampling port or an injection port for introducing cleaning agents, chemicals, or other additives directly into the flow path without the need to disassemble the filter stack.

[0107] In further aspects, the end plates can provide sealing surfaces that interface with the outermost filter plates and any associated gaskets or O-rings. These sealing surfaces can be designed to ensure that the feed fluid is confined within the designated filtration channels, preventing leakage around the edges of the filter plates. The end plates can also be designed to distribute the clamping pressure evenly across the stack, ensuring consistent compression of the filter plates and seals.

[0108] In still other aspects, the end plates can be fabricated from materials chosen for their strength, chemical resistance, and durability, such as stainless steel, aluminum, or reinforced plastic. The material selection can depend on the specific operating conditions of the filtration process, including pressure, temperature, and chemical compatibility. The end plates can also be designed to withstand the mechanical forces exerted by the clamping mechanism, ensuring longterm stability and performance of the filtration assembly.

[0109] Returning to the filter assembly 10 described above, the first end plate 201 and the second end plate 202 can be of the same design or of different design as long as they provide the needed fluid coupling of the primary ports to the inlet pathway 123 and the permeate pathway 124. In preferred aspects, because it further simplifies the overall system design, the first end plate 201 and the second end plate 202 will have the same design. An example of such an end plate 200 is depicted, for example, in FIGS. 22-27. The end plate 200 can include a sealing surface 210 that contacts the filter stack 20 when the filter assembly 10 is assembled. The sealing surface 210 is specifically designed to provide a tight seal between the end plate and the outermost filter plate 100 in the stack, ensuring proper compression and preventing fluid leakage. The sealing surface can also interface with gaskets, O-rings, gaskets, or other sealing mechanisms to maintain the integrity of the filter assembly 10. The sealing surface 210 can include a recessed region 211 for receiving a membrane filter, gasket, or adjacent filter plate to facilitate improve sealing and alignment of the filter stack 20.TERA-PAT022-PCT01

[0110] The end plate 200 can also have an outer surface 220 that is opposite the sealing surface 210. The outer face can include features such as mounting points, connections for clamping mechanisms, or external ports (like an inlet or outlet) that interact and connect the filter assembly within the broader system. In the end plate 200 depicted, the outer surface 220 includes a plurality of void spaces 230 formed with a plurality of ribs 240. This can reduce the amount of material and provide for lightweighting of the end plate without sacrificing the structural integrity.

[0111] The end plate 200 includes a primary port 250 that is fluidly coupled through a primary conduit 251 to the sealing surface 210 where it is positioned to interface with the manifold ports 121 and 122 in an adjacent filter plate 100 that will form either the inlet pathway 123 or the permeate pathway 124. Depending on which of the pathways the primary port interfaces, the primary port 250 can also be referred to as an inlet port or an outlet port because its function can depend upon the orientation and placement of the end plate 200 on the filter stack 20.

[0112] The exemplary end plate 200 also include an auxiliary port 255 that is fluidly coupled through an auxiliary conduit 256 to the sealing surface 210. The auxiliary conduit 256 can be used for a number of purposes depending on the application. The auxiliary conduit 256 can be used as a vent port, a pressure port, or a sampling port.Membrane Filters

[0113] The filter plates and filter assemblies described herein are designed to work with a wide variety of membrane filters. The membrane filter provides the filtration medium within a filter stack for normal-flow filtration. Positioned within each filter plate, the membrane filter is responsible for selectively allowing fluids to pass through while retaining particles, microorganisms, or contaminants based on the membrane’s pore size or surface chemistry. The choice of membrane filter can directly influence the filtration efficiency, throughput, and performance of the system across a range of applications. In normal-flow filtration, the feed fluid flows perpendicularly through the membrane, and the membrane filter is chosen to select so that only the desired permeate passes while unwanted materials are retained on the membrane surface or within its pores. By selecting the appropriate material based on the application — whether it be for biocompatibility, chemical resistance, or ultra-fine particle retention — the performance of the filtration system can be optimized.

[0114] In some aspects, the choice of membrane filter material can vary depending on the specific requirements of the application. For example, in biotechnology applications, membrane filters made from cellulose acetate, polyethersulfone (PES), or polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) are commonly used for their biocompatibility and ability to retain proteins, viruses, or cells without causing significant fouling. In pharmaceutical processing, sterile-grade membranes with specific pore sizes (e.g., 0.2 pm for bacteria retention) can be chosen for critical sterilization processes. In the semiconductor industry, the demand for ultra-pure water (UPW) and chemical filtration often requires the use of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or polypropylene (PP) membrane filters, whichTERA-PAT022-PCT01 provide excellent chemical resistance and the ability to remove sub-micron particles that could otherwise compromise microchip manufacturing. Each of these membrane filter materials can be used in membranes for the filter plates and the filter assemblies according to any of the aspects described herein.

[0115] In still other aspects, the applicant’s proprietary self-assembled block copolymer membrane filters can be used in a wide range of applications, providing exceptional performance in environments where fouling or challenging separations are required. These self-assembled block copolymer membranes can include those described in U.S. Patent No. 9,527,041 , U.S. Patent No. 10,711 ,111 , U.S. Patent No. 11 ,466,134, US Patent. No. 12,012,492, U.S. Patent No. 11 ,802,200, U.S. Patent No. 11 ,572,424, and U.S. Patent No. 11 ,628,409. These block copolymer membranes are particularly useful due to their highly tunable pore structure and surface chemistry, which can be precisely controlled during the self-assembly process. In biotechnology and pharmaceutical applications, these proprietary membranes can offer superior fouling resistance when filtering complex biological fluids, ensuring longer operation times and higher throughput. In semiconductor manufacturing, where contaminant removal at the nanometer scale is desired, the block copolymer membranes can provide an optimal balance of pore size and distribution to ensure that ultra-pure fluid standards are met without compromising flow rates. Each of these block copolymer membrane filters can be used with the filter plates and the filter assemblies according to any of the aspects described herein.

[0116] The proprietary self-assembled block copolymer membrane filters can also be advantageous for filtration systems requiring the handling of fluids with high particulate loads or complex chemical compositions. The unique self-assembled structure of the block copolymer enables the formation of highly uniform and customizable pores, providing precise filtration capabilities across a broad range of particle sizes. These filters can be specifically designed to resist fouling through surface modifications, which may reduce the frequency of maintenance and extend the operational lifespan of the filter stack. In aspects where challenging separations are involved — such as in the processing of viscous fluids or fluids with heavy contaminants — these membranes can maintain high performance, minimizing clogging and enhancing the overall efficiency of the filtration process.

[0117] As may be best observed in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 13 and the exploded views of FIGS. 19-21 , the filter stack 20 includes a plurality of membrane filters 300. Each membrane filter 300 is secured in place over a filtration surface (such as the first filtration surface 111 or the second filtration surface 112) during operation such that fluid that is introduced along the filtration surface through a jumper region is then directed through the membrane filter to effectuate the separation. The methods of affixing the membrane filter to the plate during operation can include any well-known methods such as those described further below. In some aspects, the membrane filter 300 is sandwiched between a pair of gaskets 400 that hold the membrane filter 300 in place when the filter assembly 10 is under compression.TERA-PAT022-PCT01Filter Supports

[0118] In some aspects, filter support materials can be placed within the filter assembly to provide mechanical support for the membrane filter and ensure that adequate space is maintained between the membrane filter and the filtration surface. These support materials can help prevent the membrane from collapsing or deforming under operational pressure, maintain proper flow distribution, and extend the membrane's life. Several types of filter support materials can be employed, depending on the application and system requirements.

[0119] In some aspects, perforated plates can be used as filter support materials. These plates are typically made of metal or plastic and feature an array of evenly distributed holes or perforations. The perforations allow fluid to pass through while providing a rigid support structure for the membrane filter. The size and pattern of the perforations can be optimized to ensure minimal flow resistance while maintaining sufficient mechanical strength to prevent the membrane from deforming under pressure. Perforated plates are especially useful in high-pressure applications or when the membrane requires substantial backing. Perforated plates can be used as support materials in the filter assemblies according to any one of the aspects described herein.

[0120] In other aspects, woven mesh screens can be employed as filter support materials. These screens can be made from stainless steel, nylon, or polypropylene, depending on the chemical and thermal compatibility required by the application. The mesh structure provides uniform support across the entire surface of the membrane filter while allowing for free fluid flow through the mesh openings. Mesh screens are flexible, lightweight, and can be customized with different weave patterns and wire diameters to match the specific filtration needs, including optimizing the flow rate and pressure drop across the membrane. Woven mesh screens can be used as support materials in the filter assemblies according to any one of the aspects described herein.

[0121] In some aspects, non-woven fabrics can be used to support membrane filters. These fabrics, often made from materials such as polyester, polypropylene, or fiberglass, provide a soft yet stable backing for the membrane. Non-woven fabrics are advantageous in applications requiring gentle support, where the membrane material is delicate and prone to damage from more rigid supports. The porous structure of non-woven fabrics ensures that fluid can flow through without significant obstruction while maintaining the membrane's position relative to the filtration surface. Non-woven fabrics can be used as support materials in the filter assemblies according to any one of the aspects described herein.

[0122] In certain aspects, spacer grids can be used to maintain a gap between the membrane filter and the filtration surface. Spacer grids are typically made of plastic or metal and consist of a lattice or grid structure that ensures consistent spacing while providing mechanical strength. These grids help create a controlled flow path for the fluid, preventing the membrane from making direct contact with the filtration surface, which could cause flow blockages or membrane damage. Spacer grids are particularly useful in systems that require high flow rates and even distributionTERA-PAT022-PCT01 of fluid across the membrane. Spacer grids can be used as support materials in the filter assemblies according to any one of the aspects described herein.

[0123] Turning back to the exemplary filter assembly 10 the filter stack 20 can include a plurality of filter supports 500. While the filter support can in some aspects be provided on both sides of each membrane filter 300, the applicant has found that in some aspects it can be beneficial to have the filter support 500 only on the downstream side 301 of each membrane filter 300 when considering the direction of fluid flow within the assembly. This can provide for optimal flow rates while maintaining the structural integrity of the membrane filters 300.Gaskets

[0124] In some aspects, gaskets can be used in normal-flow filtration to create a secure seal between filter plates, ensuring that fluid flows only through the designated filtration pathways and preventing leakage. The gaskets can be positioned between the filter plates, around the perimeter of membrane filters, or around primary ports, such as the inlet and outlet ports. These gaskets can be selected and optimized based on the operational conditions, including pressure, temperature, and chemical compatibility.

[0125] In certain aspects, the materials for gaskets in normal-flow filtration can include nitrile rubber (NBR), which is used for applications requiring resistance to oils, fuels, and various chemicals. EPDM (ethylene propylene diene monomer) can be employed where a wide range of chemicals, such as acids and alkalis, need to be managed, along with resistance to heat and weathering. Silicone rubber can be used in high-temperature environments or sterile applications such as pharmaceutical or biotech filtration, where sterility and flexibility are essential. For applications requiring extreme chemical resistance, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) can be used due to its inert nature and ability to withstand aggressive solvents, acids, and bases. Additionally, Viton (fluorocarbon rubber) can be utilized in applications demanding both high-temperature and chemical resistance, particularly in aggressive chemical environments. The materials can be used in gaskets useful for any of the filter assemblied described in the aspects herein.

[0126] In further aspects, the selection of gasket materials can depend on various criteria, including operating pressure, where more robust materials such as PTFE or Viton can be selected for high-pressure systems to maintain the integrity of the seal. Temperature is another key criterion; silicone and EPDM can be used in higher temperature environments, while materials like NBR are more suited to moderate conditions. Chemical compatibility with the filtration fluid is crucial in ensuring that the gasket material will not degrade or swell, particularly in applications involving harsh chemicals, solvents, or corrosive substances. The flexibility of the material is also considered, particularly where the gasket needs to compress effectively under clamping pressure to ensure a consistent, leak-proof seal. The selection of the appropriate gasket material ensures that the filter assembly operates reliably across a range of conditions and applications.TERA-PAT022-PCT01

[0127] Returning to the exemplary filter assembly 10, the filter stack 20 includes a plurality of gaskets 400 wherein each of the membrane filters 300 is securely affixed between a pair of gaskets 400 when the filter stack 20 is compressed. Still in other aspects, the membrane filter can be adhered or bonded to the filter plate in which case the filter stack could be with no gaskets or just a single gasket forming the seal between adjacent filter plates. An exemplary gasket 400 is depicted in FIGS. 28-31. The gasket includes a large gasket filter opening 410 allowing the fluid to pass through to the membrane filter 300 when in use. The gasket 400 further includes various gasket through holes 460 positioned to align with the clamping holes 160 and 260 of the filter plates and end plates respectively. The gasket 400 can also include a plurality of gasket port holes positioned to align with the manifold ports 121 and 122 of the filter plate 100 when configured in the filter stack 20.Methods of Making Filter Assemblies and Filter Plates

[0128] Those skilled in the art will recognize from the teachings of this disclosure various methods that can be suitable for making filter assemblies and filter plates. The methods chosen can depend on the specific technical requirements of the application. The modular design of the filter assemblies allows for facile adjustment of the number of plates to accommodate scaling the filtration capacity. Whereas the choice of materials can be based on requirements such as mechanical integrity or chemical compatibility between the filter plate and the chemicals to be filtered. As the skilled artisan will recognize, the choice of materials can also dictate which methods will be most suitable to manufacture the plates and other componentsMethods of Making Filter Plates

[0129] In some aspects, filter plates for stacked-plate filter assemblies can be made via injection molding, a process in which molten material is injected into a mold cavity to form the plate. Injection molding is commonly used when filter plates are made from plastic materials such as polypropylene, polyethylene, or other polymers known for their chemical resistance and durability. The mold can be designed to create the necessary grooves or recesses for holding the membrane filters and any other functional features such as fluid channels or sealing surfaces. Injection molding allows for the mass production of uniform, precision-engineered plates, making it ideal for high-volume applications.

[0130] In other aspects, machining methods can be used to manufacture filter plates, particularly when they are made from more rigid materials like stainless steel or aluminum. Machining involves cutting, drilling, or milling a solid block of material to create the necessary features of the filter plate. This method is often chosen for applications where the filter plates need to withstand higher pressures or more corrosive environments, as metal plates offer greater structural integrity. Machined plates may include finely detailed fluid channels, perforations, or recessed areas designed to hold the membrane filter in place. This method provides high precision and is frequently used for custom or low-volume production.TERA-PAT022-PCT01

[0131] In still other aspects, thermoforming can be used to create filter plates from thermoplastic materials. In this process, a sheet of plastic is heated until pliable and then shaped over a mold to form the filter plate. Thermoforming is a cost-effective method for producing lightweight, durable plates in applications that do not require the high strength of metals. The formed plates can then be trimmed to size and can include additional manufacturing steps, such as the integration of sealing grooves or ridges to accommodate gaskets during assembly.

[0132] In some additional aspects, composite materials can be used to make filter plates by employing lamination techniques. In this process, multiple layers of materials, such as fiberglass or carbon fiber composites, can be bonded together to form a rigid, lightweight structure. These composite filter plates are particularly useful in industries where weight reduction is crucial, while still maintaining mechanical strength and chemical resistance. Lamination allows for the integration of different materials to enhance specific properties, such as heat resistance or flexibility in the design of the fluid flow paths.

[0133] In still other aspects, 3D printing technologies, such as additive manufacturing, can be used to produce filter plates with highly complex geometries. This method allows for rapid prototyping and the creation of intricate designs that may not be feasible with traditional manufacturing techniques. Filter plates produced via 3D printing can be made from various materials, including plastics, metals, or even composite blends.Methods of Making Filter Assemblies

[0134] In various aspects, filter assemblies can be made for normal-flow filtration using the filter plates described herein. The process of assembling stacked-plate filter assemblies for normalflow filtration can begin, in some aspects, by aligning the filter plates and membrane filters to create the aligned feed ports and permeate ports and held in place using systems known to those skilled in the art. Owing to the unique design of the filter plates described herein, the filter plates can be arranged in an alternating orientation such that adjacent plates are alternatingly fluidly coupled to the feed stream and the permeate stream respectively.

[0135] The filter plates can be positioned in a stack, with each filter plate containing a membrane filter that has been cut and placed to fit securely within the filtration surface of the plate. Care should be taken to ensure that the membrane filter is positioned correctly, without wrinkles or folds, to prevent any blockages or uneven flow during filtration. The assembly can proceed by stacking additional filter plates on top of one another in this alternating fashion, ensuring that the flow pathways align between plates for effective fluid passage.

[0136] In some aspects, the membrane filter can be fixed over the filtration surface of the filter plate using a variety of methods to ensure it remains securely positioned during the filtration process. The chosen method of fixing the membrane must provide a stable, leak-proof seal while avoiding damage to the membrane, ensuring consistent filtration performance. Several methodsTERA-PAT022-PCT01 can be employed depending on the application and filter plate design including mechanical clamping, gasket compression, adhesive bonding, or ultrasonic welding.

[0137] In some aspects, the membrane filter can be secured to the filtration surface of the plate through mechanical clamping. In this method, a retainer ring or clamping frame is used to hold the membrane in place by pressing it against the filtration surface. The retainer ring can fit within grooves or recesses on the filter plate, ensuring the membrane is tightly secured without shifting during operation. This method allows for easy replacement of the membrane filter while providing a robust seal that prevents fluid bypass around the edges of the membrane.

[0138] In other aspects, the membrane filter can be fixed using gasket compression. A gasket, typically made from materials like rubber or silicone, is positioned between the membrane filter and the filter plate. When the filter plates are stacked and clamped together, the gasket is compressed, creating a tight seal around the edges of the membrane. This method ensures that the membrane remains firmly in place while also preventing fluid leakage around the membrane's perimeter. Gasket compression is particularly useful in systems where the membrane must remain flat and under consistent tension during operation.

[0139] In some aspects, the membrane filter can be secured to the filtration surface of the plate using adhesive bonding. Specialized adhesives, such as epoxy resins or polyurethane adhesives, can be applied to the perimeter or entire backside of the membrane to bond it to the filter plate. This method creates a permanent attachment, ensuring the membrane remains in place during high-pressure or high-temperature filtration processes. Adhesive bonding is advantageous in applications where the membrane is expected to remain in place for extended periods and where frequent membrane replacement is not required.

[0140] In certain aspects, the membrane filter can be fixed to the filter plate using ultrasonic welding. In this process, ultrasonic energy is applied to bond the membrane to the filtration surface by creating localized heat at the contact points, fusing the materials together. Ultrasonic welding provides a precise, leak-proof attachment without the need for adhesives or additional materials. This method is particularly useful in applications where strong chemical bonds and high structural integrity are required, such as in high-pressure filtration systems.

[0141] In some aspects, one or more gaskets can be used e.g., to create a tight seal, secure the membrane filers in place, etc. The gaskets can be placed between the filter plates as they are stacked, ensuring that no fluid leaks from the assembly and that the feed fluid flows directly through the membrane filters. In some aspects, the filter assembly is composed of two gaskets between each pair of adjacent plates. This can provide distinct advantages, for example, when the membrane filter is not bonded to the plate. These gaskets are compressed as the filter stack is built, providing the necessary sealing to maintain filtration efficiency. By sandwiching the edges of the membrane filter between a pair of gaskets, the pressure applied to the filter stack can be used to hold the membrane filter in place during operation. The gaskets also help to cushion theTERA-PAT022-PCT01 membrane filters, protecting them from any potential damage during the compression process. In other aspects, the filter assembly can be assembled using only a single gasket between pairs of adjacent plates. For example, when the membrane filter is bonded to the plate, there may be no need for two gaskets between each pair of adjacent filter plates because the membrane filter is already secured through the bonding.

[0142] Once the filter plates and membrane filters are stacked with any necessary gaskets in place, end plates can be added to both the top and bottom of the stack. The end plates serve as the structural boundaries of the filter assembly and often feature inlet and outlet ports that allow fluid to enter and exit the system. The end plates are aligned with the filter plates to ensure the fluid will flow in the intended direction, passing through the membrane filters for proper filtration.

[0143] In some aspects, the assembly is then secured using a clamping mechanism or tie rods. These components can apply uniform pressure across the stack to compress the gaskets and filter plates, ensuring a consistent seal throughout the assembly. The pressure ensures that the feed fluid is directed through the membrane filters without bypassing the filtration layers. The clamping mechanism can involve tightening bolts or using external clamps that hold the end plates and filter plates tightly together.

[0144] The assembly can then be installed in its housing or connected to the relevant filtration system, with the inlet and outlet ports connected to feed lines and the system pressurized for normal-flow filtration.Methods of Using Filter Assemblies and Filter Plates

[0145] Filter assemblies for normal flow filtration can be used across a wide range of industries, including pharmaceuticals, food and beverage, water treatment, and chemical processing, to efficiently remove particulates, microorganisms, or other impurities from liquids. These assemblies operate by directing the entire flow of feed fluid perpendicularly through filter plates arranged in a stacked structure, each equipped with membrane filters, allowing for rapid and thorough filtration. The simplicity of normal flow filtration makes it particularly suited for batch processing or singlepass filtration applications, where high throughput and ease of operation are prioritized.

[0146] In biomanufacturing, filter assemblies for normal flow filtration are frequently employed for virus filtration. Virus filtration is a critical step in the production of biologies, such as vaccines and monoclonal antibodies, where removing viral particles from cell culture fluids is essential for ensuring product safety. The use of specific virus-retentive membranes such as those described in U.S. Patent No. 9,527,041 , U.S. Patent No. 10,711 ,111 , U.S. Patent No. 11 ,466,134, US Patent. No. 12,012,492, U.S. Patent No. 11 ,802,200, U.S. Patent No. 11 ,572,424, and U.S. Patent No. 11 ,628,409, allows for the effective filtration of viruses while maintaining the flow of smaller molecules such as proteins or antibodies. In these applications, troubleshooting might involve adjusting the number of filter plates to increase surface area and prevent rapid fouling from the complex biological feedstocks. When viral loads are higher than expected, increasing systemTERA-PAT022-PCT01 pressure can help push fluid through the membranes, but this must be balanced to avoid damaging the delicate virus filters. Monitoring flow rates and pressures throughout the process can help prevent membrane overload or inefficiency.

[0147] In the semiconductor industry, normal flow filtration is employed to achieve ultra-pure water (UPW) filtration and the removal of sub-micron particles or chemical impurities from process chemicals. The stringent purity requirements of semiconductor manufacturing mean that any contamination in the filtration process can lead to defects in microchips and other components. Normal flow filter assemblies in this context are typically designed with highly specialized membranes that can remove particles down to the nanometer scale. Troubleshooting in these applications often focuses on pressure control, as excessive pressure can force smaller, unwanted particles through the membrane, compromising filtration quality. If filter performance degrades, operators might adjust the number of plates or replace the membranes to ensure filtration efficiency. Regular cleaning and maintenance can help ensure consistent particle removal and prevent contamination during sensitive manufacturing processes.

[0148] One common issue encountered in normal flow filtration across industries is membrane fouling, where the filter plates become clogged due to the accumulation of particles on the surface of the membranes. This can lead to a decrease in filtration efficiency and higher operational pressures. To address this, operators can consider reducing the number of filter plates in the stack, thereby reducing the resistance to fluid flow. Alternatively, increasing the system's filtration pressure can help push the fluid through the membrane despite the fouling, but this should be done cautiously, as excessive pressure can damage the membrane filters or reduce their lifespan. Regular monitoring and cleaning of the filter plates can also help mitigate fouling, prolonging the effective life of the filter assembly.

[0149] In cases where the filtration process is too slow or the throughput is insufficient, adding more filter plates to the stack can increase the total filtration surface area, allowing for faster processing without overloading individual membrane filters. However, adding more plates can increase the overall resistance within the system, which may require adjustments in pressure to maintain optimal flow rates. Balancing the number of plates with system pressure can ensure efficient filtration without straining the membranes or other components of the assembly.

[0150] Another potential issue is the uneven distribution of flow across the filter plates, which can occur if the system is not properly balanced. This can lead to some plates becoming overloaded while others are underutilized. Troubleshooting this problem can involve inspecting the inlet and outlet ports for blockages, ensuring the stack is properly aligned, and confirming that all gaskets are providing a tight seal. Adjusting the system’s flow rate or pressure can also help redistribute the fluid evenly across all plates.

[0151] Overall, the use of filter assemblies for normal flow filtration described herein provides a reliable solution for a variety of liquid processing needs. Monitoring and adjusting system variablesTERA-PAT022-PCT01 such as pressure, plate number, and flow distribution can help to optimize performance for a given application.Definitions

[0152] Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the disclosure and relevant art and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly defined herein.

[0153] The articles “a” and “an,” as used herein, mean one or more when applied to any feature in aspects of the present invention described in the specification and claims. The use of “a” and “an” does not limit the meaning to a single feature unless such a limit is specifically stated. The article “the” preceding singular or plural nouns or noun phrases denotes a particular specified feature or particular specified features and may have a singular or plural connotation depending upon the context in which it is used.

[0154] The term "cross-flow filtration," as used herein, refers to a filtration process in which the feed fluid flows tangentially along the surface of the membrane filter, with only a portion of the fluid passing through the membrane as permeate, while the remaining fluid (retentate) continues to flow parallel to the membrane surface. This design helps to minimize fouling by continuously sweeping particles away from the filter, making it suitable for applications requiring long operational cycles and high filtration precision, such as ultrafiltration and microfiltration.

[0155] The term "normal-flow filtration," as used herein, refers to a filtration process in which the entire feed fluid is directed perpendicularly through the membrane filter, with all of the fluid passing through the membrane as filtrate, while particulate matter is retained on the surface of the filter. This method is characterized by higher throughput in batch processes and a simpler system design, but it is more prone to fouling, making it ideal for applications with low particulate load or where fouling can be effectively managed.ASPECTS OF THE DISCLOSURE

[0156] The present disclosure will be better understood upon reading the following numbered aspects, which should not be confused with the claims. In some instance, the aspects below may be combined with one or more additional aspects or with other aspects described elsewhere in the disclosure and accompanying examples. All such variations and combinations are intended to be covered by the instant disclosure.Aspect 1. A filter assembly for normal-flow filtration, the filter assembly comprising a first end plate at a first end of the filter assembly and a second end plate at a second end, oppositeTERA-PAT022-PCT01 the first end; and a filter stack between the first end plate and the second end plate, the filter stack comprising a plurality of identical filter plates of a single plate design arranged in an alternating orientation.Aspect 2. A filter assembly for normal-flow filtration, the filter assembly comprising: a first end plate at a first end of the filter assembly; a second end plate at a second end of the filter assembly, the second end opposite the first end; a plurality of filter plates between the first end plate and the second end plate, wherein each of the filter plates in the plurality of filter plates comprises: a first filtration surface on a first face of the filter plate; a first manifold port and a second manifold port, wherein each of the first manifold port and the second manifold port are positioned on the plate such that the first manifold port aligns with a second manifold port of an adjacent plate when the plate and the adjacent plate are stacked in an alternating orientation; a jumper region fluidly coupling the first filtration surface to the first manifold port; a membrane filter between adjacent filter plates in the plurality of filter plates.Aspect s. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein the filter assembly comprises at least an inlet port and an outlet port, wherein the inlet port and the outlet port are each formed via interconnecting first and second manifold ports when the filter plates are stacked in the alternating orientation.Aspect 4. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein each of the filter plates in the plurality of filter plates further comprises: a second filtration surface on a second face of the filter plate, the second face opposite the first face; and a through hole fluidly communicating the first filtration surface through the plate to the second filtration surface.Aspect 5. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1 -76, wherein the first filtration surface comprises a plurality of grooves allowing fluid to flow between the filtration surface and a membrane filter when the membrane filter is placed above the filtration surface.Aspect 6. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein the filter assembly further comprises a support media between the membrane filter and the filtration surface of an adjacent filter plate.Aspect 7. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein the filter assembly further comprises a plurality of gaskets, wherein at least one gasket in the plurality of gaskets is placed between adjacent filter plates in the plurality of plurality of filter plates.Aspect 8. A filter assembly for normal-flow filtration, the filter assembly comprising a filter stack sandwiched between a first end plate and a second end plate, wherein the filter stack comprises a plurality of identical filter plates arranged in an alternating orientation, wherein manifold ports on the filter plates form an inlet pathway and a permeate pathway; wherein each filter plate in the filter stack is in direct fluid communication with only one of the inlet pathway and the permeate pathway; wherein the filter stack comprises a plurality ofTERA-PAT022-PCT01 membrane filters, each of the membrane filters in the plurality of membrane filters located between adjacent filter plates in the plurality of filter plates.Aspect 9. A filter assembly for normal-flow filtration, the filter assembly comprising a plurality of filter plates according to any one of the below Aspects wherein the filter plates in the plurality of filter plates are arranged in an alternating orientation.Aspect 10. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, further comprising a gasket between each pair of adjacent filter plates in the plurality of filter plates.Aspect 11. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, further comprising a filter support on one side or both sides of each membrane filter.Aspect 12. The filter assembly as depicted in FIGS. 1-6.Aspect 13. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein each identical filter plate comprises a first manifold port and a second manifold port positioned at opposite ends of the plate such that, in the alternating orientation, the first manifold port of any given plate aligns with the second manifold port of an adjacent plate and vice-versa.Aspect 14. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein each identical filter plate further comprises a first filtration surface on a first face and a second filtration surface on an opposite second face, and at least one through-hole fluidly communicating the first filtration surface with the second filtration surface.Aspect 15. A filter assembly for normal-flow filtration, the filter assembly comprising first and second end plates and a filter stack therebetween, the filter stack comprising a plurality of identical filter plates arranged in an alternating orientation, each filter plate comprising a first filtration surface on a first face and a second filtration surface on a second, opposite face; first and second manifold ports disposed to align alternately with the second and first manifold ports, respectively, of adjacent plates when alternated; at least one through-hole fluidly communicating the first filtration surface with the second filtration surface; and a jumper region fluidly coupling the first filtration surface to the first manifold port; wherein the manifold ports of the plates collectively define an inlet manifold and a permeate manifold extending through the stack, each membrane filter is disposed between a respective pair of adjacent filter plates, and the filtration surfaces of any given plate are in direct fluid communication with only one of the inlet and permeate manifolds.Aspect 16. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein the first and second manifold ports are elongate and located at opposite ends of the filtration surfaces.Aspect 17. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein at least one of the filtration surfaces comprises grooves for distributing flow beneath a membrane filter.Aspect 18. A filter assembly for normal-flow filtration comprising identical end plates, each having a primary port and an auxiliary port that are fluidly coupled to a conduit terminating at a sealing surface; and a filter stack clamped between the identical end plates, the filter stack comprising a plurality of identical filter plates arranged in an alternating orientationTERA-PAT022-PCT01 and a plurality of membrane filters, each between a respective pair of adjacent filter plates; wherein the manifold ports of the filter plates align to form an inlet manifold and a permeate manifold through the stack, and the end plates are interchangeable such that either end plate can couple its primary port to either the inlet manifold or the permeate manifold.Aspect 19. In a filter assembly for normal-flow filtration, the filter assembly having a filter stack comprised of a plurality of filtration plates having a filtration surface and manifold ports, the improvement comprising: arranging two manifold ports on opposite ends of each filter plate such that a first of the ports aligns with a second of the ports of an identical plate when the plates are stacked in an alternating orientation in the filter stack, and providing a jumper region on each filter plate that fluidly couples the filtration surface to said first manifold port to thereby enable the filter stack to form two continuous manifolds when the filter plates are stacked in the alternating orientation.Aspect 20. A filter assembly for normal-flow filtration, the filter assembly comprising a plurality of filter plates according to any one of the Aspects below wherein the filter plates in the plurality of filter plates are arranged in an alternating orientation.Aspect 21. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, further comprising a gasket between each pair of adjacent filter plates in the plurality of filter plates.Aspect 22. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, further comprising a filter support on one side or both sides of each membrane filter.Aspect 23. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein the filter assembly further comprises a support media between the membrane filter and the filtration surface of an adjacent filter plate.Aspect 24. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein the filter assembly further comprises a plurality of gaskets, wherein at least one gasket in the plurality of gaskets is placed between adjacent filter plates in the plurality of plurality of filter plates.Aspect 25. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein each of the filter plates in the plurality of filter plates are of a single plate design.Aspect 26. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein each of the filter plates in the plurality of filter plates are identical.Aspect 27. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein adjacent plates in the alternating orientation are rotated 180° about an axis normal to a stacking direction.Aspect 28. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein each identical filter plate comprises a first manifold port and a second manifold port positioned such that, in the alternating orientation, the first manifold port of any given plate aligns with the second manifold port of an adjacent plate and vice-versa to define two continuous manifolds through the stack.TERA-PAT022-PCT01Aspect 29. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein a filtration surface of each identical filter plate is in direct fluid communication with only one of the two continuous manifolds.Aspect 30. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein the first manifold port and the second manifold port of each identical filter plate are located at opposite ends of the plate.Aspect 31. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein the first manifold port and the second manifold port of each identical filter plate are elongate slots extending along ends of a filtration surface.Aspect 32. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein the second manifold port of each identical filter plate is fluidically isolated from the filtration surface(s) by continuous ribs.Aspect 33. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein each identical filter plate comprises a first filtration surface on a first face and a second filtration surface on an opposite second face.Aspect 34. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein each identical filter plate further comprises at least one through-hole fluidly communicating the first filtration surface with the second filtration surface.Aspect 35. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein at least one of the filtration surfaces comprises grooves configured to distribute flow beneath a membrane filter.Aspect 36. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein each identical filter plate comprises a jumper region fluidly coupling a filtration surface to the first manifold port, the jumper region including ribs defining flow channels.Aspect 37. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, further comprising a filter support disposed on a downstream side of each membrane filter with respect to flow across an adjacent filtration surface.Aspect 38. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, further comprising a filter support disposed on both sides of each membrane filter.Aspect 39. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein a filter support comprises a perforated plate.Aspect 40. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein a filter support comprises a woven mesh.Aspect 41. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein a filter support comprises a non-woven fabric.Aspect 42. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein a filter support comprises a spacer grid.TERA-PAT022-PCT01Aspect 43. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, further comprising a gasket between each pair of adjacent filter plates.Aspect 44. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein each gasket comprises a central opening aligned with a filtration surface, port openings aligned with the first and second manifold ports, and clamping holes aligned with clamping holes of the filter plates.Aspect 45. Th The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein two gaskets are disposed between each pair of adjacent filter plates to sandwich an edge region of a membrane filter.Aspect 46. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein a single gasket is disposed between each pair of adjacent filter plates.Aspect 47. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, further comprising an O-ring or gasket situated around at least one manifold port of each filter plate to inhibit leakage between feed and permeate pathways.Aspect 48. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein the filter stack and end plates are compressed by tie rods extending through clamping holes of the filter plates and the end plates.Aspect 49. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein the filter stack and end plates are compressed by bolts and nuts extending through clamping holes.Aspect 50. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein the filter stack is compressed by an external clamping frame.Aspect 51. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein the filter stack is compressed by a hydraulic clamping mechanism.Aspect 52. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein the filter stack is compressed by toggle clamps.Aspect 53. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein each identical filter plate includes clamping holes and the end plates include corresponding clamping holes aligned therewith.Aspect 54. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein the first end plate and the second end plate are identical and interchangeable.Aspect 55. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein each end plate includes a primary port fluidly coupled by an internal conduit to a sealing surface that interfaces with the filter stack.Aspect 56. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein each end plate further includes an auxiliary port fluidly coupled to the same internal conduit as the primary port.TERA-PAT022-PCT01Aspect 57. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein orientation of either end plate is reversible such that the primary port of either end plate is selectable as an inlet or as an outlet.Aspect 58. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein an outer face of at least one end plate comprises a grid of ribs defining void spaces to reduce weight while maintaining stiffness.Aspect 59. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein a sealing surface of an end plate includes a recessed region to receive a membrane filter, gasket, or adjacent filter plate.Aspect 60. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein each identical filter plate includes a reference element positioned to indicate which manifold port is fluidly coupled by a jumper region, and reference elements on adjacent plates are located at alternating ends of the filter stack.Aspect 61. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein the first and second manifold ports are selected from circular, oval, or rectangular shapes.Aspect 62. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein the manifold ports are arranged on opposite ends of each filter plate to maintain separation of feed and permeate pathways.Aspect 63. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein at least one filter plate is formed of a polymeric material.Aspect 64. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein at least one filter plate is formed of metal.Aspect 65. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein at least one filter plate is formed of a fiber-reinforced composite.Aspect 66. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein at least one filter plate is injection-molded.Aspect 67. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein at least one filter plate is machined from a solid material.Aspect 68. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein at least one filter plate is thermoformed.Aspect 69. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1 -76, wherein at least one filter plate is formed by lamination of multiple layers.Aspect 70. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1 -76, wherein at least one filter plate is additively manufactured.Aspect 71. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein a membrane filter comprises a self-assembled block-copolymer membrane.Aspect 72. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein a membrane filter is secured to a filtration surface by gasket compression.TERA-PAT022-PCT01Aspect 73. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein a membrane filter is secured to a filtration surface by a mechanical clamping frame or retainer ring.Aspect 74. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein a membrane filter is adhesively bonded to a filtration surface.Aspect 75. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein a membrane filter is ultrasonically welded to a filtration surface.Aspect 76. The filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76, wherein the manifold ports are configured to align regardless of the number of filter plates present, thereby enabling modular scalability of the filter stack.Aspect 77. A filter plate for use in a stacked plate filter assembly, wherein the filter plate comprises: a first filtration surface on a first face of the filter plate; a first manifold port and a second manifold port, wherein each of the first manifold port and the second manifold port are positioned on the plate such that, when the plate is stacked in an alternating orientation with an adjacent plate having the same design, the first manifold port is aligned with the second manifold port on the adjacent plate, and the second manifold port is aligned with the first manifold port on the adjacent plate; a jumper region fluidly coupling the first filtration surface to the first manifold port.Aspect 78. The filter plate according to any one of Aspects 77-120, further comprising: a second filtration surface on a second face of the filter plate, the second face opposite the first face; and a through hole fluidly communicating the first filtration surface through the plate to the second filtration surface.Aspect 79. The filter plate according to any one of Aspects 77-120, wherein the first filtration surface comprises a plurality of grooves allowing fluid to flow along the filtration surface.Aspect 80. A filter plate for use in a stacked plate filter assembly, the filter plate comprising a body having a first face and an opposite second face; a first filtration surface on the first face; a first manifold port and a second manifold port disposed on the body; and a jumper region on the body fluidly coupling the first filtration surface to the first manifold port and not to the second manifold port; and wherein the first manifold port and the second manifold port are positioned such that, when the filter plate is stacked in an alternating orientation with an identical filter plate, the first manifold port of the plate aligns with the second manifold port of the identical plate and vice-versa.Aspect 81. A filter plate comprising: a body comprising a first filtration surface on a first face and a second filtration surface on a second face, opposite the first face; a first manifold port and a second manifold port; one or more through-holes in the body fluidly communicating the first filtration surface with the second filtration surface; and a jumper region fluidly coupling the filtration surfaces to the first manifold port; and wherein the ports are positioned such that, when the filter plate is stacked in an alternating orientation withTERA-PAT022-PCT01 an identical filter plate, the first manifold port aligns with the second manifold port of the identical plate and vice-versa.Aspect 82. A filter plate comprising: a first filtration surface; first and second manifold ports; and a jumper region fluidly coupling the first filtration surface to the first manifold port; wherein, when a plurality of identical plates are stacked in an alternating orientation to form a filter stack, the first and second manifold ports of the plates collectively define two continuous manifolds that extend through the filter stack, and the first filtration surface of each plate is in direct fluid communication with only one of the two manifolds.Aspect 83. A filter plate comprising a first filtration surface; first and second manifold ports disposed to align with the second and first manifold ports, respectively, of an identical plate when rotated 180°; a jumper region coupling the first filtration surface to the first manifold port; and a reference element on the body positioned to indicate the manifold port coupled by the jumper, the reference element being locatable at alternating ends in a stack of identical plates.Aspect 84. In a filter plate for a stacked normal-flow filtration assembly having a filtration surface and manifold ports, the improvement comprising: arranging two manifold ports on opposite ends of the plate such that a first of the ports aligns with a second of the ports of an identical plate when the plates are stacked in alternating orientation, and providing a jumper region that fluidly couples the filtration surface to said first manifold port to thereby enable the stack to form two continuous manifolds when identical plates are stacked in an alternating orientation.Aspect 85. A filter plate comprising: a first filtration surface; first and second manifold ports; and means for fluidly coupling the first filtration surface to the first manifold port; wherein the ports are positioned such that, when the plate is stacked with an identical plate rotated 180°, the first port aligns with the second port of the adjacent plate and vice-versa.Aspect 86. The filter plate according to any one of Aspects 77-120, wherein the alternating orientation comprises adjacent plates rotated 180° about an axis normal to a stacking direction.Aspect 87. The filter plate according to any one of Aspects 77-120, wherein a first manifold port and a second manifold port are located at opposite ends of the filter plate.Aspect 88. The filter plate according to any one of Aspects 77-120, wherein the first and second manifold ports are elongate slots extending along respective ends of a filtration surface.Aspect 89. The filter plate according to any one of Aspects 77-120, wherein, when stacked with identical plates in the alternating orientation, the manifold ports of the plates collectively define two continuous manifolds through a filter stack.Aspect 90. The filter plate according to any one of Aspects 77-120, wherein the second manifold port is fluidically isolated from the filtration surface by continuous ribs.TERA-PAT022-PCT01Aspect 91. The filter plate according to any one of Aspects 77-120, wherein a jumper region comprises ribs defining flow channels between the first manifold port and the filtration surface.Aspect 92. The filter plate according to any one of Aspects 77-120, wherein the jumper region extends transversely across a width of the filtration surface adjacent the first manifold port.Aspect 93. The filter plate according to any one of Aspects 77-120, wherein the filtration surface comprises a plurality of grooves configured to distribute flow beneath a membrane filter.Aspect 94. The filter plate according to any one of Aspects 77-120, wherein the grooves are arranged to direct flow from the jumper region across the filtration surface.Aspect 95. The filter plate according to any one of Aspects 77-120, further comprising a second filtration surface on a second face opposite a first face.Aspect 96. The filter plate according to any one of Aspects 77-120, further comprising a plurality of through-holes fluidly communicating the first filtration surface with the second filtration surface, each through-hole opening within a perimeter of each filtration surface.Aspect 97. The filter plate according to any one of Aspects 77-120, wherein the through-holes are located adjacent the jumper region.Aspect 98. The filter plate according to any one of Aspects 77-120, further comprising a plurality of clamping holes disposed about a periphery of the plate and configured to align with clamping holes of adjacent components in a filter stack.Aspect 99. The filter plate according to any one of Aspects 77-120, further comprising a reference element positioned to indicate which manifold port is fluidly coupled to the filtration surface by the jumper region, the reference element being locatable at alternating ends when identical plates are stacked in the alternating orientation.Aspect 100. The filter plate according to any one of Aspects 77-120, wherein the reference element comprises a notch at an edge of the plate.Aspect 101. The filter plate according to any one of Aspects 77-120, wherein the reference element comprises an aperture distinct from the clamping holes.Aspect 102. The filter plate according to any one of Aspects 77-120, further comprising a peripheral sealing land surrounding the filtration surface and configured to engage a gasket.Aspect 103. The filter plate according to any one of Aspects 77-120, wherein a groove or seat surrounds at least one manifold port and is configured to receive an O-ring or gasket.Aspect 104. The filter plate according to any one of Aspects 77-120, wherein the plate is formed of a polymeric material.Aspect 105. The filter plate according to any one of Aspects 77-120, wherein the plate is formed of metal.TERA-PAT022-PCT01Aspect 106. The filter plate according to any one of Aspects 77-120, wherein the plate is formed of a fiber- reinforced composite.Aspect 107. The filter plate according to any one of Aspects 77-120, wherein the plate is injection-molded.Aspect 108. The filter plate according to any one of Aspects 77-120, wherein the plate is machined from a solid material.Aspect 109. The filter plate according to any one of Aspects 77-120, wherein the plate is thermoformed.Aspect 110. The filter plate according to any one of Aspects 77-120, wherein the plate is formed by lamination of multiple layers.Aspect 111. The filter plate according to any one of Aspects 77-120, wherein the plate is additively manufactured.Aspect 112. The filter plate according to any one of Aspects 77-120, wherein the filtration surface comprises a recess sized to seat a membrane filter during use.Aspect 113. The filter plate according to any one of Aspects 77-120, wherein the filtration surface further comprises integral support features configured to mechanically support a membrane filter under differential pressure.Aspect 114. The filter plate according to any one of Aspects 77-120, wherein the manifold ports are circular, oval, or rectangular.Aspect 115. The filter plate according to any one of Aspects 77-120, wherein, when stacked with identical plates in the alternating orientation, the first manifold port alternately communicates with a feed pathway and a permeate pathway through the stack depending on plate orientation.Aspect 116. The filter plate according to any one of Aspects 77-120, wherein the filtration surface, the jumper region, and the through-holes are arranged so that fluid delivered from the first manifold port is distributed across both faces of the plate before entering a membrane filter when the plate serves as an inlet-side plate.Aspect 117. The filter plate according to any one of Aspects 77-120, wherein the jumper region is located adjacent the first manifold port and spaced from the second manifold port by a sealing rib network.Aspect 118. The filter plate according to any one of Aspects 77-120, wherein the clamping holes are arranged to align with clamping holes of end plates in the filter assembly.Aspect 119. The filter plate according to any one of Aspects 77-120, wherein the filtration surface comprises parallel channels defined by ribs, the channels extending generally between the jumper region and an opposite end of the plate.TERA-PAT022-PCT01Aspect 120. The filter plate according to any one of Aspects 77-120, wherein at least one manifold port is provided with a sealing land sized to interface with a sealing surface of an end plate.Aspect 121. A kit comprising: a. a plurality of identical filter plates each as in any one of Aspects 77-120, and b. a plurality of membrane filters; wherein the plates are configured to be stacked in an alternating orientation to form two continuous manifolds through the stack.Aspect 122. The kit according to Aspect 121, wherein the kit comprises the filter plates and membrane filters to form a filter assembly according to any one of Aspects 1-76.

[0157] It should be emphasized that the above-described aspects of the present disclosure are merely possible examples of implementations, and are set forth only for a clear understanding of the principles of the disclosure. Many variations and modifications may be made to the abovedescribed aspects of the disclosure without departing substantially from the spirit and principles of the disclosure. All such modifications and variations are intended to be included herein within the scope of this disclosure. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.

Claims

1. TERA-PAT022-PCT01We claim:

1. A filter assembly for normal-flow filtration, the filter assembly comprising: a. a first end plate at a first end of the filter assembly and a second end plate at a second end, opposite the first end; and b. a filter stack between the first end plate and the second end plate, the filter stack comprising a plurality of identical filter plates of a single plate design arranged in an alternating orientation.

2. A filter assembly for normal-flow filtration, the filter assembly comprising: a. a first end plate at a first end of the filter assembly; b. a second end plate at a second end of the filter assembly, the second end opposite the first end; c. a plurality of filter plates between the first end plate and the second end plate, wherein each of the filter plates in the plurality of filter plates comprises: i. a first filtration surface on a first face of the filter plate; ii. a first manifold port and a second manifold port, wherein each of the first manifold port and the second manifold port are positioned on the plate such that the first manifold port aligns with a second manifold port of an adjacent plate when the plate and the adjacent plate are stacked in an alternating orientation; iii. a jumper region fluidly coupling the first filtration surface to the first manifold port; and d. a membrane filter between adjacent filter plates in the plurality of filter plates.

3. The filter assembly according to claim 2, wherein the filter assembly comprises at least an inlet port and an outlet port, wherein the inlet port and the outlet port are each formed via interconnecting first and second manifold ports when the filter plates are stacked in the alternating orientation.

4. The filter assembly according to claim 2 or claim 3, wherein each of the filter plates in the plurality of filter plates further comprises: iv. a second filtration surface on a second face of the filter plate, the second face opposite the first face; and v. a through hole fluidly communicating the first filtration surface through the plate to the second filtration surface.TERA-PAT022-PCT015. The filter assembly according to claim 2 or claim 3, wherein the first filtration surface comprises a plurality of grooves allowing fluid to flow between the filtration surface and a membrane filter when the membrane filter is placed above the filtration surface.

6. A filter assembly for normal-flow filtration, the filter assembly comprising a filter stack sandwiched between a first end plate and a second end plate, wherein the filter stack comprises a plurality of identical filter plates arranged in an alternating orientation, wherein manifold ports on the filter plates form an inlet pathway and a permeate pathway; wherein each filter plate in the filter stack is in direct fluid communication with only one of the inlet pathway and the permeate pathway; wherein the filter stack comprises a plurality of membrane filters, each of the membrane filters in the plurality of membrane filters located between adjacent filter plates in the plurality of filter plates.

7. The filter assembly of claim 6, wherein each identical filter plate comprises a first manifold port and a second manifold port positioned at opposite ends of the plate such that, in the alternating orientation, the first manifold port of any given plate aligns with the second manifold port of an adjacent plate and vice-versa.

8. The filter assembly of claim 6, wherein each identical filter plate further comprises a first filtration surface on a first face and a second filtration surface on an opposite second face, and at least one through-hole fluidly communicating the first filtration surface with the second filtration surface.

9. A filter assembly for normal-flow filtration, the filter assembly comprising first and second end plates and a filter stack therebetween, the filter stack comprising a plurality of identical filter plates arranged in an alternating orientation, each filter plate comprising: a. a first filtration surface on a first face and a second filtration surface on a second, opposite face; b. first and second manifold ports disposed to align alternately with the second and first manifold ports, respectively, of adjacent plates when alternated; c. at least one through-hole fluidly communicating the first filtration surface with the second filtration surface; andTERA-PAT022-PCT01 d. a jumper region fluidly coupling the first filtration surface to the first manifold port; wherein the manifold ports of the plates collectively define an inlet manifold and a permeate manifold extending through the stack, each membrane filter is disposed between a respective pair of adjacent filter plates, and the filtration surfaces of any given plate are in direct fluid communication with only one of the inlet and permeate manifolds.

10. The filter assembly of claim 7, wherein the first and second manifold ports are elongate and located at opposite ends of the filtration surfaces.

11. The filter assembly of claim 7, wherein at least one of the filtration surfaces comprises grooves for distributing flow beneath a membrane filter.

12. A filter assembly for normal-flow filtration comprising: a. identical end plates, each having a primary port and an auxiliary port that are fluidly coupled to a conduit terminating at a sealing surface; and b. a filter stack clamped between the identical end plates, the filter stack comprising a plurality of identical filter plates arranged in an alternating orientation and a plurality of membrane filters, each between a respective pair of adjacent filter plates; wherein the manifold ports of the filter plates align to form an inlet manifold and a permeate manifold through the stack, and the end plates are interchangeable such that either end plate can couple its primary port to either the inlet manifold or the permeate manifold.

13. In a filter assembly for normal-flow filtration, the filter assembly having a filter stack comprised of a plurality of filtration plates having a filtration surface and manifold ports, the improvement comprising: a. arranging two manifold ports on opposite ends of each filter plate such that a first of the ports aligns with a second of the ports of an identical plate when the plates are stacked in an alternating orientation in the filter stack, and b. providing a jumper region on each filter plate that fluidly couples the filtration surface to said first manifold port to thereby enable the filter stack to form two continuous manifolds when the filter plates are stacked in the alternating orientation.TERA-PAT022-PCT0114. A filter assembly for normal-flow filtration, the filter assembly comprising a plurality of filter plates according to any one of claims 17-25 wherein the filter plates in the plurality of filter plates are arranged in an alternating orientation.

15. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, further comprising a gasket between each pair of adjacent filter plates in the plurality of filter plates.

16. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, further comprising a filter support on one side or both sides of each membrane filter.

17. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein the filter assembly further comprises a support media between the membrane filter and the filtration surface of an adjacent filter plate.

18. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein the filter assembly further comprises a plurality of gaskets, wherein at least one gasket in the plurality of gaskets is placed between adjacent filter plates in the plurality of plurality of filter plates.

19. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein each of the filter plates in the plurality of filter plates are of a single plate design.

20. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein each of the filter plates in the plurality of filter plates are identical.

21. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein adjacent plates in the alternating orientation are rotated 180° about an axis normal to a stacking direction.

22. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13,, wherein each identical filter plate comprises a first manifold port and a second manifold port positioned such that, in the alternating orientation, the first manifold port of any given plate aligns with the second manifold port of an adjacent plate and vice-versa to define two continuous manifolds through the stack.

23. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein a filtration surface of each identical filter plate is in direct fluid communication with only one of the two continuous manifolds.

24. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein the first manifold port and the second manifold port of each identical filter plate are located at opposite ends of the plate.TERA-PAT022-PCT0125. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein the first manifold port and the second manifold port of each identical filter plate are elongate slots extending along ends of a filtration surface.

26. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein the second manifold port of each identical filter plate is fluidically isolated from the filtration surface(s) by continuous ribs.

27. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein each identical filter plate comprises a first filtration surface on a first face and a second filtration surface on an opposite second face.

28. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein each identical filter plate further comprises at least one through-hole fluidly communicating the first filtration surface with the second filtration surface.

29. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein at least one of the filtration surfaces comprises grooves configured to distribute flow beneath a membrane filter.

30. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein each identical filter plate comprises a jumper region fluidly coupling a filtration surface to the first manifold port, the jumper region including ribs defining flow channels.

31. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, further comprising a filter support disposed on a downstream side of each membrane filter with respect to flow across an adjacent filtration surface.

32. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, further comprising a filter support disposed on both sides of each membrane filter.

33. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein a filter support comprises a perforated plate.

34. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein a filter support comprises a woven mesh.

35. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein a filter support comprises a non-woven fabric.

36. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein a filter support comprises a spacer grid.

37. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, further comprising a gasket between each pair of adjacent filter plates.TERA-PAT022-PCT0138. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein each gasket comprises a central opening aligned with a filtration surface, port openings aligned with the first and second manifold ports, and clamping holes aligned with clamping holes of the filter plates.

39. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein two gaskets are disposed between each pair of adjacent filter plates to sandwich an edge region of a membrane filter.

40. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein a single gasket is disposed between each pair of adjacent filter plates.

41. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, further comprising an O-ring or gasket situated around at least one manifold port of each filter plate to inhibit leakage between feed and permeate pathways.

42. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein the filter stack and end plates are compressed by tie rods extending through clamping holes of the filter plates and the end plates.

43. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein the filter stack and end plates are compressed by bolts and nuts extending through clamping holes.

44. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein the filter stack is compressed by an external clamping frame.

45. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein the filter stack is compressed by a hydraulic clamping mechanism.

46. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein the filter stack is compressed by toggle clamps.

47. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein each identical filter plate includes clamping holes and the end plates include corresponding clamping holes aligned therewith.

48. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein the first end plate and the second end plate are identical and interchangeable.

49. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein each end plate includes a primary port fluidly coupled by an internal conduit to a sealing surface that interfaces with the filter stack.TERA-PAT022-PCT0150. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein each end plate further includes an auxiliary port fluidly coupled to the same internal conduit as the primary port.

51. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein orientation of either end plate is reversible such that the primary port of either end plate is selectable as an inlet or as an outlet.

52. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein an outer face of at least one end plate comprises a grid of ribs defining void spaces to reduce weight while maintaining stiffness.

53. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein a sealing surface of an end plate includes a recessed region to receive a membrane filter, gasket, or adjacent filter plate.

54. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein each identical filter plate includes a reference element positioned to indicate which manifold port is fluidly coupled by a jumper region, and reference elements on adjacent plates are located at alternating ends of the filter stack.

55. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein the first and second manifold ports are selected from circular, oval, or rectangular shapes.

56. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein the manifold ports are arranged on opposite ends of each filter plate to maintain separation of feed and permeate pathways.

57. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein at least one filter plate is formed of a polymeric material.

58. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein at least one filter plate is formed of metal.

59. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein at least one filter plate is formed of a fiber-reinforced composite.

60. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein at least one filter plate is injection-molded.

61. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein at least one filter plate is machined from a solid material.TERA-PAT022-PCT0162. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein at least one filter plate is thermoformed.

63. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein at least one filter plate is formed by lamination of multiple layers.

64. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein at least one filter plate is additively manufactured.

65. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein a membrane filter comprises a self-assembled block-copolymer membrane.

66. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein a membrane filter is secured to a filtration surface by gasket compression.

67. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein a membrane filter is secured to a filtration surface by a mechanical clamping frame or retainer ring.

68. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein a membrane filter is adhesively bonded to a filtration surface.

69. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein a membrane filter is ultrasonically welded to a filtration surface.

70. The filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6-13, wherein the manifold ports are configured to align regardless of the number of filter plates present, thereby enabling modular scalability of the filter stack.

71. A filter plate for use in a stacked plate filter assembly, wherein the filter plate comprises: a. a first filtration surface on a first face of the filter plate; b. a first manifold port and a second manifold port, wherein each of the first manifold port and the second manifold port are positioned on the plate such that, when the plate is stacked in an alternating orientation with an adjacent plate having the same design, i. the first manifold port is aligned with the second manifold port on the adjacent plate, and ii. the second manifold port is aligned with the first manifold port on the adjacent plate;TERA-PAT022-PCT01 c. a jumper region fluidly coupling the first filtration surface to the first manifold port.

72. The filter plate according to claim 12, further comprising: vi. a second filtration surface on a second face of the filter plate, the second face opposite the first face; and vii. a through hole fluidly communicating the first filtration surface through the plate to the second filtration surface.

73. The filter plate according to claim 12 or claim 13, wherein the first filtration surface comprises a plurality of grooves allowing fluid to flow along the filtration surface.

74. A filter plate for use in a stacked plate filter assembly, the filter plate comprising: a. a body having a first face and an opposite second face; b. a first filtration surface on the first face; c. a first manifold port and a second manifold port disposed on the body; and d. a jumper region on the body fluidly coupling the first filtration surface to the first manifold port and not to the second manifold port; and wherein the first manifold port and the second manifold port are positioned such that, when the filter plate is stacked in an alternating orientation with an identical filter plate, the first manifold port of the plate aligns with the second manifold port of the identical plate and vice-versa.

75. A filter plate comprising: a. a body comprising a first filtration surface on a first face and a second filtration surface on a second face, opposite the first face; b. a first manifold port and a second manifold port; c. one or more through-holes in the body fluidly communicating the first filtration surface with the second filtration surface; and d. a jumper region fluidly coupling the filtration surfaces to the first manifold port; and wherein the ports are positioned such that, when the filter plate is stacked in an alternating orientation with an identical filter plate, the first manifold port aligns with the second manifold port of the identical plate and vice-versa.TERA-PAT022-PCT0176. A filter plate comprising: a. a first filtration surface; b. first and second manifold ports; and c. a jumper region fluidly coupling the first filtration surface to the first manifold port; wherein, when a plurality of identical plates are stacked in an alternating orientation to form a filter stack, the first and second manifold ports of the plates collectively define two continuous manifolds that extend through the filter stack, and the first filtration surface of each plate is in direct fluid communication with only one of the two manifolds.

77. A filter plate comprising: a. a first filtration surface; b. first and second manifold ports disposed to align with the second and first manifold ports, respectively, of an identical plate when rotated 180°; c. a jumper region coupling the first filtration surface to the first manifold port; and d. a reference element on the body positioned to indicate the manifold port coupled by the jumper, the reference element being locatable at alternating ends in a stack of identical plates.

78. In a filter plate for a stacked normal-flow filtration assembly having a filtration surface and manifold ports, the improvement comprising: a. arranging two manifold ports on opposite ends of the plate such that a first of the ports aligns with a second of the ports of an identical plate when the plates are stacked in alternating orientation, and b. providing a jumper region that fluidly couples the filtration surface to said first manifold port to thereby enable the stack to form two continuous manifolds when identical plates are stacked in an alternating orientation.

79. A filter plate comprising: a. a first filtration surface; b. first and second manifold ports; and c. means for fluidly coupling the first filtration surface to the first manifold port;TERA-PAT022-PCT01 wherein the ports are positioned such that, when the plate is stacked with an identical plate rotated 180°, the first port aligns with the second port of the adjacent plate and vice-versa.

80. The filter plate according to any one of claims 71, 72, and 74-79, wherein the alternating orientation comprises adjacent plates rotated 180° about an axis normal to a stacking direction.

81. The filter plate according to any one of claims 71, 72, and 74-79, wherein a first manifold port and a second manifold port are located at opposite ends of the filter plate.

82. The filter plate according to any one of claims 71, 72, and 74-79, wherein the first and second manifold ports are elongate slots extending along respective ends of a filtration surface.

83. The filter plate according to any one of claims 71, 72, and 74-79, wherein, when stacked with identical plates in the alternating orientation, the manifold ports of the plates collectively define two continuous manifolds through a filter stack.

84. The filter plate according to any one of claims 71, 72, and 74-79, wherein the second manifold port is fluidically isolated from the filtration surface by continuous ribs.

85. The filter plate according to any one of claims 71, 72, and 74-79, wherein a jumper region comprises ribs defining flow channels between the first manifold port and the filtration surface.

86. The filter plate according to any one of claims 71, 72, and 74-79, wherein the jumper region extends transversely across a width of the filtration surface adjacent the first manifold port.

87. The filter plate according to any one of claims 71 , 72, and 74-79, wherein the filtration surface comprises a plurality of grooves configured to distribute flow beneath a membrane filter.

88. The filter plate according to any one of claims 71 , 72, and 74-79, wherein the grooves are arranged to direct flow from the jumper region across the filtration surface.

89. The filter plate according to any one of claims 71 , 72, and 74-79, further comprising a second filtration surface on a second face opposite a first face.TERA-PAT022-PCT0190. The filter plate according to any one of claims 71, 72, and 74-79, further comprising a plurality of through-holes fluidly communicating the first filtration surface with the second filtration surface, each through-hole opening within a perimeter of each filtration surface.

91. The filter plate according to any one of claims 71, 72, and 74-79, wherein the through-holes are located adjacent the jumper region.

92. The filter plate according to any one of claims 71, 72, and 74-79, further comprising a plurality of clamping holes disposed about a periphery of the plate and configured to align with clamping holes of adjacent components in a filter stack.

93. The filter plate according to any one of claims 71, 72, and 74-79, further comprising a reference element positioned to indicate which manifold port is fluidly coupled to the filtration surface by the jumper region, the reference element being locatable at alternating ends when identical plates are stacked in the alternating orientation.

94. The filter plate according to any one of claims 71, 72, and 74-79, wherein the reference element comprises a notch at an edge of the plate.

95. The filter plate according to any one of claims 71, 72, and 74-79, wherein the reference element comprises an aperture distinct from the clamping holes.

96. The filter plate according to any one of claims 71 , 72, and 74-79, further comprising a peripheral sealing land surrounding the filtration surface and configured to engage a gasket.

97. The filter plate according to any one of claims 71 , 72, and 74-79, wherein a groove or seat surrounds at least one manifold port and is configured to receive an O-ring or gasket.

98. The filter plate according to any one of claims 71 , 72, and 74-79, wherein the plate is formed of a polymeric material.

99. The filter plate according to any one of claims 71 , 72, and 74-79, wherein the plate is formed of metal.

100. The filter plate according to any one of claims 71 , 72, and 74-79, wherein the plate is formed of a fiber-reinforced composite.

101. The filter plate according to any one of claims 71 , 72, and 74-79, wherein the plate is injection-molded.TERA-PAT022-PCT01102. The filter plate according to any one of claims 71, 72, and 74-79, wherein the plate is machined from a solid material.

103. The filter plate according to any one of claims 71, 72, and 74-79, wherein the plate is thermoformed.

104. The filter plate according to any one of claims 71, 72, and 74-79, wherein the plate is formed by lamination of multiple layers.

105. The filter plate according to any one of claims 71, 72, and 74-79, wherein the plate is additively manufactured.

106. The filter plate according to any one of claims 71, 72, and 74-79, wherein the filtration surface comprises a recess sized to seat a membrane filter during use.

107. The filter plate according to any one of claims 71, 72, and 74-79, wherein the filtration surface further comprises integral support features configured to mechanically support a membrane filter under differential pressure.

108. The filter plate according to any one of claims 71, 72, and 74-79, wherein the manifold ports are circular, oval, or rectangular.

109. The filter plate according to any one of claims 71, 72, and 74-79, wherein, when stacked with identical plates in the alternating orientation, the first manifold port alternately communicates with a feed pathway and a permeate pathway through the stack depending on plate orientation.

110. The filter plate according to any one of claims 71, 72, and 74-79, wherein the filtration surface, the jumper region, and the through-holes are arranged so that fluid delivered from the first manifold port is distributed across both faces of the plate before entering a membrane filter when the plate serves as an inlet-side plate.

111. The filter plate according to any one of claims 71, 72, and 74-79, wherein the jumper region is located adjacent the first manifold port and spaced from the second manifold port by a sealing rib network.

112. The filter plate according to any one of claims 71, 72, and 74-79, wherein the clamping holes are arranged to align with clamping holes of end plates in the filter assembly.

113. The filter plate according to any one of claims 71, 72, and 74-79, wherein the filtration surface comprises parallel channels defined by ribs, the channels extending generally between the jumper region and an opposite end of the plate.TERA-PAT022-PCT01114. The filter plate according to any one of claims 71, 72, and 74-79, wherein at least one manifold port is provided with a sealing land sized to interface with a sealing surface of an end plate.

115. A kit comprising: a. a plurality of identical filter plates each as in any one of claims 71-114; and b. a plurality of membrane filters; wherein the plates are configured to be stacked in an alternating orientation to form two continuous manifolds through the stack.

116. The kit according to claim 115, wherein the kit comprises the filter plates and membrane filters to form a filter assembly according to any one of claims 1-70.

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