Pesticidal mixtures and applications of dimpropyridaz

Abstract

5 Pesticidal mixtures comprising as active compounds 1) dimpropyridaz or a stereoisomer, tautomer, salt, or N-oxide thereof; and 2) an insecticide, fungicide, or biopesticidal compound. It further pertains to uses and methods of application of said mixtures, and to plant propagation material comprising said mixtures.

Description

[0001] BASF SE 241092

[0002] 1

[0003] Pesticidal mixtures and applications of dimpropyridaz

[0004] Description

[0005] The invention relates to a pesticidal mixture of dimpropyridaz; to a method for preparing the pesticidal mixture; a method for protecting growing plants or plant propagation materials from attack or infestation by invertebrate pests and / or phytopathogenic harmful fungy by applying said mixture; a method for combating or controlling invertebrate pests and / or phytopathogenic harmful fungy; a method for protection of plant propagation material by applying the pesticidal mixture; and plant propagation material containing said mixture.

[0006] Dimpropyridaz is known from WO 2012 / 143317. This compound is mentioned to be useful for combating invertebrate pests.

[0007] One typical problem arising in the field of pest control lies in the need to reduce the dosage rates of the active ingredient in order to reduce or avoid unfavorable environmental or toxicological effects whilst still allowing effective pest control. Another problem encountered concerns the need to have available pest control agents which are effective against a broad spectrum of pests.

[0008] Another difficulty in relation to the use of pesticides is that the repeated and exclusive application of an individual pesticidal compound leads in many cases to a rapid selection of pests which have developed natural or adapted resistance against the active compound in question. Therefore, there is a need for pest control agents that help prevent or overcome resistance.

[0009] Yet another goal for pest management is the reduction of chemical residues on crops and especially fruits since these residues are undesirable for human consumption.

[0010] Furthermore, there is a desire for pesticide compounds or combinations of compounds, which when applied improve plants, which may result in “plant health”, “vitality of plant propagation material” or “increased plant yield”.

[0011] It is therefore an object of the invention to provide pesticidal mixtures which solve at least one of the discussed problems, such as reducing the dosage rate, reducing chemical residues on crops and fruits, enhancing the spectrum of activity or combining knock-down activity with prolonged control or as to resistance management.

[0012] It has been found that at least one of these objectives is achieved by a pesticidal composition comprising as active components

[0013] 1) 1-[(1RS)-1 ,2-dimethylpropyl]-N-ethyl-5-methyl-N-pyridazin-4-yl-1 H-pyrazole-4-carbox- amide (common name dimpropyridaz) of formula I: BASF SE 241092

[0014] 2 or a stereoisomer, tautomer, salt, or N-oxide thereof; and

[0015] 2) at least one insecticidal compound B selected from

[0016] B1) inhibitors of the chitin biosynthesis type 1 : buprofezin;

[0017] B2) nAChR agonists: flupyrimin, cycloxaprid, 1-[(2-chlorothiazol-5-yl)methyl]-3-(3,5- dimethylisoxazol-4-yl)pyrido[1 ,2-a]pyrimidine-2, 4-dione, triflumezopyrim, di- cloromezotiaz,;

[0018] B3) unknown mode of action: 5-((1 R,3R)-3-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-2,2-dichlo- rocyclopropane-1-carboxamido)-2-chloro-N-(3-(2,2-difluoroacetamido)-2,4-difluor- ophenyl)benzamid , metoxadiazone, sulfiflumin, flupentiofenox, cyclobutrifluram, trifluenfuronate, 2-(3-ethylsulfonyl-2-pyridyl)-5-(2, 2,3,3, 3-pentafluoropropoxy)py- razine, bisulflufen, isoflualanam, tiapyrachlor, bentioflumin, flumetnicam, 1-[6- (2,2-difluoro-8-oxo-[1 ,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]chromen-7-yl)-5-ethylsulfonyl-3-pyridyl]cy- clopropanecarbonitrile, 2-chloro-N-[(1S)-2-ethyl-1-methyl-butyl]furan-3-carbox- amide, galquin, fluhexafon;

[0019] B5) AChE inhibitors: acephate, chlorpyrifos, diazinon, dichlorvos, dimethoate, fos- thiazate, phorate, phosmet, phoxim, profenophos, malathion, , benfuracarb, carbaryl, carbofuran, carbosulfan, fenobucarb, isoprocarb, methiocarb, methomyl, oxamyl, pirimicarb, thiodicarb,;

[0020] B6) ryanodine receptor-modulators: tetrachlorantraniliprole, fluchlordiniliprole, ti- orantraniliprole;

[0021] B7) sodium channel modulators: heptafluthrin;

[0022] B8) mitochondrial complex II electron transport inhibitors: cyetpyrafen;

[0023] B9) inhibitors of the of acetyl CoA carboxylase: spirobudifen, spidoxamat;

[0024] B11) piperflanilide, nicofluprole, cyproflanilide,,

[0025] B12) juvenile hormone mimics: pyriproxyfen;

[0026] B13) voltage-dependent sodium channel blockers: metaflumizone, indoxacarb;

[0027] B20) flupyroxystrobin or at least one fungicidal compound C selected from

[0028] C1) compounds with unknown mode of action: flufenoxadiazam, flumetylsulforim, seboctylamine, aminopyrifen, bromothalonil, N-[(1 R)-1-benzyl-1 ,3-di-methylbutyl]- 8-fluoroquinoline-3-carboxamide, N-[(1S)-1-benzyl-1 ,3-dimethylbutyl]-8- fluoro-quinoline-3-carboxamide, 6-chloro-3-(3-cyclopropyl-2-fluoro-phenoxy)-N- [2-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-2,2-difluoro-ethyl]-5-methyl-pyri-dazine-4-carboxamide, 3- (3-bromo-2-fluoro-phenoxy)-6-chloro-N-[2-(2-chloro-4-methyl-phenyl)-2,2- BASF SE 241092

[0029] 3 difluoro-ethyl]-5-methyl-pyridazine-4-carboxamide, 6-chloro-N-[2-(2-chloro-4-me- thyl-phenyl)-2,2-difluoro-ethyl]-3-(3-cyclopropyl-2-fluoro-phenoxy)-5-methyl-pyri- dazine-4-carboxamide, 6-chloro-3-(3-cyclopropyl-2-fluoro-phenoxy)-N-[2-(3,4-di- methylphenyl)-2,2-difluoro-ethyl]-5-methyl-pyridazine-4-carboxamide, 6-chloro-3- (3-chloro-2-fluoro-phenoxy)-N-[2-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-2,2-difluoro-ethyl]-5- meth-yl-pyridazine-4-carboxamide, N-[2-(2-bromo-4-methyl-phenyl)-2,2-difluoro- ethyl]-6-chloro-3-(3-cyclopropyl-2-fluoro-phenoxy)-5-methyl-pyridazine-4-carbox- amide, N'-[4-(4,5-dichlorothiazol-2-yl)oxy-2,5-dimethyl-phenyl]-N-ethyl-N-methyl- formamidine, feneptamidoquin, methyl (E)-3-methoxy-2-[(2-methyl-5 phenyl-phe- nyl)-methyl]prop-2-enoate;

[0030] C2) complex III at Qi site: metarylpicoxamid;

[0031] C3) complex II (SDHI): cyclobutrifluram;

[0032] C4) cytoskeleton and motor protein (B): phenamacril, fluopimomide;

[0033] C5) multi-site activity: zinc thiazole;

[0034] C6) complex III at Qosite: methyl N-[[5-[1-(2,6-difluoro-4-isopropyl-phenyl)pyrazol-3- yl]-2-methyl-phenyl]methyl]carbamate, methyl N-[[5-[1 -(4-cyclopropyl-2,6-difluoro- phenyl)pyrazol-3-yl]-2-methyl-phenyl]methyl]carbamate; or at least one biopesticidal compound D selected from

[0035] D1) Microbial pesticides: Paenibacillus sp., Bacillus velezensis;

[0036] D2) Biochemical pesticides: eugenol, tea tree oil, geraniol, thymol, chlorflavonin, cin- namaldehyde, jojoba oil, pinene, terpinene, carvacrol, 3-caren, p-cymene, polyglycerin fatty acid esters, garlic oil, salts of fatty acids (e.g. C7-C18 and C18 unsaturated potassium salts; capric acid, caprylic acid, lauric acid, oleic acid), lemongrass oil, oregano oil, soybean oil, thyme oil, fatty acids (e.g. oleic acid, decanoic acid, octanoic acid), fatty acid methyl esters (methyl octanoate, methyl decanoate), linseed oil, matrine, clove oil, mint oil (e.g. peppermint oil), sunflower oil, canola oil, peanut oil, pine oil, cedarwood oil, eucalyptus oil, rosemary oil, camphor oil, glycerin acetate fatty acid ester, wherein component 1) and component 2) are present in a weight ratio of from 1000:1 to 1 :1000.

[0037] Moreover, the invention relates to an agricultural composition comprising the pesticidal mixture as defined herein and at least one inert liquid and / or solid acceptable carrier; a method for preparing the pesticidal mixture as defined herein comprising the step of contacting compound 1) and compound 2); BASF SE 241092

[0038] 4 a method for protecting growing plants or plant propagation materials from attack or infestation by invertebrate pests and / or phytopathogenic harmful fungi, which method comprises contacting a plant, a plant propagation material or soil or water in which the plant is growing, with a pesticidally effective amount of a pesticidal mixture as defined herein;

[0039] A method for combating or controlling invertebrate pests and / or phytopathogenic harmful fungi, which method comprises contacting said pest and / or fungus, or its food supply, habitat or breeding grounds with a pesticidally effective amount of a pesticidal mixture as defined herein; a method for controlling phytopathogenic harmful fungi, wherein the fungi, their habitat or the plants to be protected against fungal attack, the soil or seed are treated with an effective amount of the pesticidal; a method for protecting plants from phytopathogenic harmful fungi, wherein the fungi, their habitat or the plants to be protected against fungal attack, the soil or seed are treated with an effective amount of the pesticidal mixture;

[0040] A method for protection of plant propagation material comprising contacting the plant propagation material with a pesticidal mixture as defined herein or in an amount of from 0.1 g to 10 kg per 100 kg of plant propagation material;

[0041] Plant propagation material comprising a pesticidal mixture as defined herein in an amount of from 0.1 g to 10 kg per 100 kg of seed. the use of the pesticidal mixture as defined herein for protecting growing plants or plant propagation material from attack or infestation by invertebrate pests and / or phytopathogenic harmful fungi.

[0042] The remarks made below concerning preferred embodiments are valid on their own as well as preferably in combination with each other concerning dimpropyridaz, where applicable, as well as concerning the uses and methods according to the invention and the mixtures of the invention.

[0043] The commercially available compounds 1) and 2) may be found in The Pesticide Manual, 17th Edition, British Crop Protection Council (2015) among other publications, and its online database https: / / www.bcpc.org / product / bcpc-online-pesticide-manual-latest-version.

[0044] Dimpropyridaz has one centre of chirality; it is present as mixture of enantiomers. The invention provides both the pure enantiomers or diastereomers and their mixtures and the use according to the invention of the pure enantiomers of dimpropyridaz or its mixtures. In case dimpropyridaz is present in solid form, e.g. as particles, it may be present as an amorphous or a crystalline solid. In one embodiment, dimpropyridaz is present as a polymorph of crystalline form B described in W02020 / 144308. BASF SE 241092

[0045] 5

[0046] Depending on the substitution pattern of compounds 2), the compounds may have one or more centers of chirality, in which case they are present as mixtures of enantiomers or diastereomers. The invention encompasses both the pure enantiomers or pure diastereomers of the compounds of the present invention, and their mixtures and the use according to the invention of the pure enantiomers or pure diastereomers of the compounds of the present invention or their mixtures. Suitable compounds according to the present invention also include all possible geometrical stereoisomers (cis / trans isomers) and mixtures thereof. Cis / trans isomers may be present with respect to an alkene, carbon-nitrogen double-bond, nitrogen-sulfur double bond or amide group.

[0047] The term "stereoisomer(s)" encompasses both optical isomers, such as enantiomers or diastereomers, the latter existing due to more than one center of chirality in the molecule, as well as geometrical isomers (cis / trans isomers).

[0048] The compounds of the present invention may be present in the form of their N-oxides. The term “N-oxide” includes any compound of the present invention which has at least one tertiary nitrogen atom that is oxidized to an N-oxide moiety. N-oxides of compounds of the present invention can in particular be prepared by oxidizing the ring nitrogen atom(s) of the pyridazine ring and / or the pyrazole ring with a suitable oxidizing agent, such as peroxo carboxylic acids or other peroxides. The person skilled in the art knows if and in which positions compounds of the present invention may form N-oxides.

[0049] Salts of the compounds of the present invention are preferably agriculturally acceptable salts. They can be formed in a customary method, e.g. by reacting the compound with an acid if the compound of the present invention has a basic functionality or by reacting the compound with a suitable base if the compound of the present invention has an acidic functionality. In general, suitable “agriculturally useful salts” or “agriculturally acceptable salts” are especially the salts of those cations or the acid addition salts of those acids whose cations and anions, respectively, do not have any adverse effect on the action of the compounds according to the present invention.

[0050] Suitable cations are in particular the ions of the alkali metals, preferably lithium, sodium and potassium, of the alkaline earth metals, preferably calcium, magnesium and barium, and of the transition metals, preferably manganese, copper, zinc and iron, and also ammonium (NH4+) and substituted ammonium in which one to four of the hydrogen atoms are replaced by Ci-C4-alkyl, Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl, Ci-C4-alkoxy, Ci-C4-alkoxy-Ci-C4-alkyl, hydroxy-Ci-C4-alkoxy-Ci-C4-alkyl, phenyl or benzyl. Examples of substituted ammonium ions comprise methylammonium, isopropylammonium, dimethylammonium, diisopropylammonium, trimethylammonium, tetramethylammonium, tetraethylammonium, tetrabutylammonium, 2-hydroxyethylammonium, 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl-ammonium, bis(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium, benzyltrimethylammonium BASF SE 241092

[0051] 6 and benzyltriethylammonium, furthermore phosphonium ions, sulfonium ions, preferably tri(Ci- C4-alkyl)sulfonium, and sulfoxonium ions, preferably tri(Ci-C4-alkyl)sulfoxonium.

[0052] Anions of useful acid addition salts are primarily chloride, bromide, fluoride, hydrogen sulfate, sulfate, dihydrogen phosphate, hydrogen phosphate, phosphate, nitrate, hydrogen carbonate, carbonate, hexafluorosilicate, hexafluorophosphate, benzoate, and the anions of Ci-C4-alkanoic acids, preferably formate, acetate, propionate and butyrate. They can be formed by reacting the compounds with an acid of the corresponding anion, preferably of hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid or nitric acid.

[0053] The compounds may be amorphous or may exist in one ore more different crystalline states (polymorphs) which may have a different macroscopic properties such as stability or show different biological properties such as activities. The present invention includes both amorphous and crystalline compounds, mixtures of different crystalline states of the respective compound, as well as amorphous or crystalline salts thereof.

[0054] Paenibacillus sp. is a genus of facultative anaerobic, endospore-forming bacteria, originally included within the genus Bacillus and then reclassified as a separate genus in 1993. Preferred Paenibacillus species are P. polymyxa, P. epiphyticus, P. terrae, and P. peoriae. Specifically preferred strains of P. polymyxa are strain Lu16774 deposited with DSMZ under Accession No. DSM 26969, strain Lu17007 deposited with DSMZ under Accession No. DSM 26970, strain Lu17015 deposited with DSMZ under Accession No. DSM 26971 , strain VMC10 / 96, deposited at the DSMZ with the accession number DSM 32460and strains derived therefrom. DSMZ refers to the German collection of microorganisms and cell cultures. Specifically preferred strains of P. peoriae have the deposit accession number NRRL B-67884 (P. peoriae NRRL B-67884) and NRRL B-67885 (P. peoriae NRRL B-67885), and strains derived therefrom. In one embodiment, Paenibacillus sp. is P. polymyxa.

[0055] Bacillus is a large and heterogeneous collection of aerobic or facultatively anaerobic, rodshaped, endospore forming bacteria that are widely distributed throughout the environment. B. velezensis (strain CR-502Tand strain CR-14b) was first isolated from environmental samples taken from the mouth of the Velez River at Torredelmar in the province of Malaga, Spain (Ruiz- Garcia C., Bejar V., Martinez-Checa F., Llamas I., Quesada E. Bacillus velezensis sp. nov., a surfactant-producing bacterium isolated from the river Velez in Malaga, southern Spain. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 2005;55:191-195. doi: 10.1099 / ijs.0.63310-0).

[0056] B. methylotrophicus (strain KACC 13105T) was isolated from rice rhizospheric soil in Korea (Madhaiyan M., Poonguzhali S., Kwon S.W., Sa T.M. Bacillus methylotrophicus sp. nov., a methanol-utilizing, plant-growth-promoting bacterium isolated from rice rhizosphere soil. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 2010;60:2490-2495. doi: 10.1099 / ijs.0.015487-0). BASF SE 241092

[0057] 7

[0058] In 1943, Fukumoto first isolated B. amyloliquefaciens, a bacterium that produces liquefying amylase from soil (Priest F.G., Goodfellow M., Shute L.A., Berkeley R.C.W. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens sp. nov., nom. rev. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1987;37:69-71. doi: 10.1099 / 00207713-37-1- 69).

[0059] In 2011 , B. amyloliquefaciens strains were divided among the subspecies B. amyloliquefaciens subsp. amyloliquefaciens and B. amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum, based on complete genome analysis. Comparative genomic analysis of B. amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum and B. methylotrophicus indicated that the genomes were highly similar (95%), with only minor differences within their genomic sequences. Therefore, B. amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum was synonymized with B. methylotrophicus, and successively, B. methylotrophicus was synonymized with B. velezensis, owing to the high phenotypic and genotypic coherence of the taxa

[0060] According to the present application, the term B. velezensis includes a variety of previously reported strains, namely, B. amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum FZB42 (Dunlap C.A., Kim S.J., Kwon S.W., Rooney A.P. Bacillus velezensis is not a later heterotypic synonym of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens-, Bacillus methylotrophicus, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum and ‘Bacillus oryzicola' are later heterotypic synonyms of Bacillus velezensis based on phylo- genomics. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 2016;66:1212-1217), B. amyloliquefaciens FR203A (Castaneda-Alvarez C., Prodan S., Rosales I.M., Aballay E. Exoenzymes and metabolites related to the nematicidal effect of rhizobacteria on Xiphinema index Thorne & Allen. J. Appl. Microbiol. 2016;120:413-424), B. amyloliquefaciens SQR9 (Zhang N., Yang D., Wang D., Miao Y., Shao J., Zhou X., Xu Z., Li Q., Feng H., Li S., et al. Whole transcriptomic analysis of the plant- beneficial rhizobacterium Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SQR9 during enhanced biofilm formation regulated by maize root exudates. BMC Genom. 2015;16:1-20. doi: 10.1186 / s12864-015-1825- 5),, B. amyloliquefaciens NJN-6 (Yuan J., Raza W., Shen Q., Huang Q. Antifungal activity of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens NJN-6 volatile compounds against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cu- bense. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 2012;78:5942-5944. doi: 10.1128 / AEM.01357-12), B. amyloliquefaciens SQRT3 (Li C.Y., Hu W.C., Pan B., Liu Y., Yuan S.F., Ding Y.Y., Li R., Zheng X.Y., Shen Q.R. Rhizobacterium Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain SQRT3-mediated induced systemic resistance controls bacterial wilt of Tomato. Pedosphere. 2017;27:1135-1146. doi: 10.1016 / S1002-0160(17)60406-5), B. methylotrophicus KACC 13105T(Dunlap C.A., Kim S.J., Kwon S.W., Rooney A.P. Bacillus velezensis is not a later heterotypic synonym of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens- Bacillus methylotrophicus, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum and ‘Bacillus oryzicola' are later heterotypic synonyms of Bacillus velezensis based on phylo- genomics. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 2016;66:1212-1217), B. velezensis CR-502Tand CR- 14b (Ruiz-Garcia C., Bejar V., Martinez-Checa F., Llamas I., Quesada E. Bacillus velezensis sp. nov., a surfactant-producing bacterium isolated from the river Velez in Malaga, southern BASF SE 241092

[0061] 8

[0062] Spain. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 2005;55:191-195. doi: 10.1099 / ijs.0.63310-0), and B. sub- tilis GB03 (Ryu C.-M., Farag M.A., Hu C.-H., Reddy M.S., Kloepper J.W., Pare P.W. Bacterial volatiles induce systemic resistance in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. 2004;134:1017-1026. doi: 10.1104 / pp.103.026583).

[0063] Many of these Bacillus velezensis strains have been deposited under deposition numbers mentioned herein (the prefices e.g. ATCC or DSM refer to the acronym of the respective culture collection, for details see e.g. here: http: / / www. wfcc.info / ccinfo / collection / by_acronym / ), are referred to in literature, registered and / or are commercially available: mixtures: B. a. ssp. plantarum or B. velezensis D747 isolated from air in Kikugawashi, Japan (US 20130236522 A1 ; FERM BP 8234; e.g. Double Nickel™ 55 WDG from Certis LLC, USA), B. a. ssp. plantarum or B. velezensis FZB24 isolated from soil in Brandenburg, Germany (also called SB3615; DSM 96- 2; J. Plant Dis. Prot. 105, 181-197, 1998; e.g. Taegro® from Novozyme Biologicals, Inc., USA), B. a. ssp. plantarum or B. velezensis FZB42 isolated from soil in Brandenburg, Germany (DSM 23117; J. Plant Dis. Prot. 105, 181-197, 1998; e.g. RhizoVital® 42 from AbiTEP GmbH, Germany), B. a. ssp. plantarum or B. velezensis MBI600 isolated from faba bean in Sutton Bonington, Nottinghamshire, U.K. at least before 1988 (also called 1430; NRRL B 50595; US 2012 / 0149571 A1 ; e.g. Integral® from BASF Corp., USA), B. a. ssp. plantarum or B. velezensis QST-713 isolated from peach orchard in 1995 in California, U.S.A. (NRRL B 21661 ; e.g. Serenade® MAX from Bayer Crop Science LP, USA), B. a. ssp. plantarum or B. velezensis TJ1000 isolated in 1992 in South Dakoda, U.S.A, (also called 1 BE; ATCC BAA-390; CA 2471555 A1 ; e.g. QuickRoots™ from TJ Technologies, Watertown, SD, USA); B. firmus CNCM 1-1582, a variant of parental strain EIP-N1 (CNCM 1-1556) isolated from soil of central plain area of Israel (WO 2009 / 126473, US6,406,690; e.g. Votivo® from Bayer CropScience LP, USA). In a preferred embodiment, the term B. velezensis refer sto the strain B. a. ssp. plantarum or B. velezensis MBI600.

[0064] Salts of fatty acids (e.g. C7-C18 and C18 unsaturated potassium salts; capric acid, caprylic acid, lauric acid, oleic acid) have been described in WO202199271 . The salts are typically metal salts (e.g. lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, aluminum, copper, iron, or zinc salts), preferably alkali metal salts of the fatty acids, more preferably potassium salts. The fatty acid may be selected from C16:0, C16:1 , C18:0, C18:1 , C18:2, and C18:3 fatty acids, preferably oleic acids. In one embodiment, the salts of fatty acids is obtained by the process as described in WO202199271 , Example 1. In one embodiment, the salt of fatty acids is the potassium salt of oleic acid.

[0065] For microbial biopesticides D, the mixtures of the invention embrace not only the isolated, pure cultures of the respective microorganisms as defined herein, but also its cell-free extract having pesticidal activity, preferably a ketone-based extract, its suspensions in a whole broth culture or BASF SE 241092

[0066] 9 as a metabolite-containing supernatant or a purified metabolite obtained from a whole broth culture of the microorganism or microorganism strain.

[0067] "Whole broth culture" refers to a liquid culture containing both cells and media.

[0068] "Supernatant" or “culture medium” refers to the liquid broth remaining when cells grown in broth are removed by centrifugation, filtration, sedimentation, or other means well known in the art.

[0069] The term "metabolite" refers to any compound, substance or byproduct (including but not limited to small molecule secondary metabolites, polyketides, fatty acid synthase products, non- ribosomal peptides, ribosomal peptides, proteins and enzymes) produced by a microorganism (such as fungi and bacteria) that has pesticidal activity or improves plant growth, water use efficiency of the plant, plant health, plant appearance, or the population of beneficial microorganisms in the soil around the plant activity.

[0070] The term "mutant" refers to a microorganism, obtained by direct mutant selection but also includes microorganisms that have been further mutagenized or otherwise manipulated (e. g., via the introduction of a plasmid). Accordingly, embodiments include mutants, variants, and or derivatives of the respective microorganism, both naturally occurring and artificially induced mutants. For example, mutants may be induced by subjecting the microorganism to known mutagens, such as N-methyl-nitrosoguanidine, using conventional methods. Preferably such mutants retain the pesticidal activity of the respective microorganism.

[0071] Tea tree oil, also known as melaleuca oil, is derived from the leaves of the tea tree, Melaleuca alternifolia. Tea tree oil is defined by the International Standard ISO 4730 ("Oil of Melaleuca, ter- pinen-4-ol type"), containing terpinen-4-ol, y-terpinene, and a-terpinene as about 70% to 90% of whole oil, while p-cymene, terpinolene, a-terpineol, and a-pinene collectively account for some 15% of the oil. Tea tree oil products contain various phytochemicals, among which terpinen-4- ol is the major component.

[0072] Jojoba oil is the liquid produced in the seed of the Simmondsia chinensis plant. The fatty acid content is described in https: / / en.wikipedia.org / wiki / Jojoba_oil.

[0073] Garlic oil is obtained by extraction or distillation of Allium sativum. The main components are described in Foods. 2017 Aug; 6(8): 63, DOI 10.3390 / foods6080063.

[0074] Pine oil is an essential oil obtained from a variety of species of pine, particularly Pinus syl- vestris. Pine oil is a higher boiling fraction from turpentine. Both synthetic and natural pine oil consists mainly of a-terpineol, a C10 alcohol (b.p. 214-217 °C). The detailed composition of natural pine oil depends on many factors, such as the species of the host plant. Synthetic pine oil is obtained by treating pinene with water in the presence of a catalytic amount of sulfuric acid. This treatment results in hydration of the alkene and rearrangement of the pinene skeleton, yielding terpineols. BASF SE 241092

[0075] 10

[0076] Lemongrass oil is obtainable by steam distillation from tropical grasses Cymbopogon flexu- osus or Cymbopogon citratus. Main components are citral (70-75%), limonene and farnesol.

[0077] Oregano oil is extracted from the leaves of the oregano plant. The essential oil of oregano is composed primarily of monoterpenoids and monoterpenes, with the relative concentration of each compound varying widely across geographic origin and other factors. Over 60 different compounds have been identified, with the primary ones being carvacrol and thymol ranging to over 80%, while lesser abundant compounds include p-cymene, y-terpinene, caryophyllene, spathulenol, germacrene D, p-fenchyl alcohol and b-terpineol ( Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 93 (11): 2707-14. Bib- code:2013JSFA...93.2707T. doi:10.1002 / jsfa.6089)

[0078] Thyme oil contains a variety of essential oils, flavonoids, phenolic acids, triterpenes, and other compounds. The essential oils found in thyme include thymol, which is a major component responsible for the plant's antiseptic properties, and carvacrol, another primary component with similar functions. Other essential oils present are p-cymene, a-terpineol, y-terpinene, linalool, and 1 ,8-cineole, and 1 ,8-cineole.

[0079] Linseed oil, also known as flaxseed oil or flax oil (in its edible form), is obtained from the dried, ripened seeds of the flax plant (Linum usitatissimurri). Linseed oil is a triglyceride, like other fats. Linseed oil is distinctive for its unusually large amount of a-linolenic acid, which oxidises in air. The fatty acids in a typical linseed oil are of the following types: a-linolenic acid (51.9-55.2%), palmitic acid (about 7%), stearic acid (3.4-4.6%), oleic acid (18.5-22.6%), linoleic acid (14.2- 17%).

[0080] Clove oil, also known as oil of clove, or eugenol, is an essential oil extracted from the clove plant, Syzygium aromaticum. There are three types of clove oil: Bud oil is derived from the flower-buds of S. aromaticum. It consists of 60-90% eugenol, eugenol acetate, caryophyllene and other minor constituents. Leaf oil is derived from the leaves of S. aromaticum. It consists of 70-82% eugenol, and some amounts of beta-caryophyllene and alpha-humulene. Stem oil is derived from the twigs of S. aromaticum. It consists of 85-92% eugenol, with other minor constituents. Stem oil is closer in olfactive and flavor profile to bud oil. Distilled clove oil from buds contains mixed phytochemicals, including as main constituents phenylpro- panoids (primarily eugenol), carvacrol, thymol, and cinnamaldehyde, with smaller quantities of polyphenols, carbohydrates, lipids, oleanolic acid, and rhamnetin.

[0081] Mint oil (e.g. peppermint oil), is a herbal extract of Mentha ) made from the essential oil of mint leaves. Peppermint is a hybrid of water mint and spearmint. Peppermint has a high menthol content. The chemical composition of the essential oil from peppermint (Mentha x piperita L.) contains menthol (40.7%) and menthone (23.4%). Further components are (±)-menthyl acetate, 1 ,8-cineole, limonene, beta-pinene, and beta-caryophyllene. BASF SE 241092

[0082] 11

[0083] Sunflower oil is the non-volatile oil pressed from the seeds of the sunflower (Helianthus an- nuus). Sunflower oil is mainly a triglyceride. The British Pharmacopoeia lists the following profile: palmitic acid (saturated): 5%, stearic acid (saturated): 6%, oleic acid (monounsaturated omega-9): 30%, linoleic acid (polyunsaturated omega-6): 59%.

[0084] Canola oil is a food-grade version derived from rapeseed cultivars specifically bred for low acid content. It is also known as low erucic acid rapeseed (LEAR) oil. Its components are listed on https: / / en.wikipedia.org / wiki / Rapeseed_oil.

[0085] Peanut oil, also known as groundnut oil or arachis oil, is a vegetable oil derived from peanuts. The oil is 93% fat, composed of oleic acid, a monounsaturated fat (57% of total), linoleic acid, a polyunsaturated fat (20%), and palmitic acid, a saturated fat (16%).

[0086] Cedar oil, also known as cedarwood oil, is an essential oil derived from various types of conifers, most in the pine or cypress botanical families. All the cedarwood oils of commerce contain a group of chemically related compounds, the relative proportions of which depend upon the species from which the oil is obtained. These compounds include thujopsene, cedrol, cedrene, copaene, widdrol, methyl thujate, thujic acid, thujaplicin.

[0087] Eucalyptus oil is the generic name for distilled oil from the leaf of eucalyptus. Purified oil containing 60 to 80% of 1 ,8-cineol, up to 10% of a-pinen, up to 1 ,5 % [3-pinen, up to 0,3 % sabinen, up to 1 ,5 % a-phellandren, up to 15,0 % limonene, and up to 0,1 % camphor. Crude oil also contains aldehydes of butyric acid, capronic acid, and valeric acid.

[0088] Rosemary oil contains a number of phytochemicals, including rosmarinic acid, camphor, caffeic acid, ursolic acid, betulinic acid, carnosic acid, and carnosol. Rosemary essential oil contains 10-20% camphor.

[0089] Soybean oil is a vegetable oil extracted from the seeds of the soybean (Glycine max). Soybean oil contains only trace amounts of fatty carboxylic acids (about 0.3% by mass in the crude oil, 0.03% in the refined oil). Instead it contains esters. In this paragraph, the expressions "fatty acids" and "acid" below refer to esters rather than carboxylic acids. Per 100 g, soybean oil has 16 g of saturated fat, 23 g of monounsaturated fat, and 58 g of polyunsaturated fat. The major unsaturated fatty acids in soybean oil triglycerides are the polyunsaturates alpha-linolenic acid (C-18:3), 7-10%, and linoleic acid (C-18:2), 51%; and the monounsaturate oleic acid (C- 18:1), 23%.

[0010] It also contains the saturated fatty acids stearic acid (C-18:0), 4%, and palmitic acid (C-16:0), 10%.

[0090] The following Table A contains particularly preferred combinations of components 1) and 2). BASF SE 241092

[0091] 12 BASF SE 241092

[0092] 13 BASF SE 241092

[0093] 14 BASF SE 241092

[0094] 15 BASF SE 241092

[0095] 16

[0096] Table A: combinations of components 1) & 2)

[0097] In one embodiment, component 2) is 5-((1 R,3R)-3-(3,5-Bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-2,2-dichlo- rocyclopropane-1-carboxamido)-2-chloro-N-(3-(2,2-difluoroacetamido)-2,4-difluorophenyl)ben- zamid. In another embodiment, component 2) is spidoxamat. In another embodiment, component 2) is acephate. In another embodiment, component 2) is pyriproxyfen. BASF SE 241092

[0098] 17

[0099] Dimpropyridaz can be used as synergists for different compounds 2). By simultaneous, that is joint or separate, application of dimpropyridaz with at least one active compound 2), the pesticidal is increased in a superadditive manner.

[0100] The mixtures of the invention may be a physical mixture of compound 1) and compound 2). Accordingly, the invention also provides a mixture comprising compound 1) and compound 2) in the form of an agrochemical formulation or a tank mix. However, the term “pesticidal mixture” also pertains to any combination of compound 1) and compound 2), it not being required for the compounds to be present together in the same formulation. For example, the compounds may be present in a kit-of-parts as two separate formulations, but comprised in one container or shipped together with the advice to apply the compounds together. Accordingly, the compounds may be either applied simultaneously or sequentially.

[0101] The mass ratio compound 1) and compound 2) is selected to give the desired, for example, synergistic action. Generally, the ratio by weight between compound 1) and compound 2), is from 10000:1 to 1 :10000, preferably from 1000:1 to 1 :1000, more preferably from 500:1 to 1 :500, most preferably from 100: 1 to 1 : 100, especially from 50: 1 to 1 :50, such as from 30: 1 to 1 :30, for example from 10:1 to 1 :10. In one embodiment, the mass ratio of compound 1) and compound 2) is from 6:1 to 1 :6. In another embodiment, the mass ratio is from 3:1 to 1 :3. In another embodiment, the mass ratio is from 2:1 to 1 :2. In another embodiment, the mass ratio is from 5:1 to 1 :1. In another embodiment, the mass ratio is from 5:1 to 1.5:1. In another embodiment, the mass ratio is from 3:1 to 20:1 . In another embodiment, the mass ratio is from 2:1 to 20:1 . In another embodiment, the mass ratio is from 1.5:1 to 15:1. In another embodiment, the mass ratio is from 1 :500 to 1 :1. In another embodiment, the mass ratio is from 1 :300 to 1 :5. In another embodiment, the mass ratio is from 1 :300 to 1 :3. In another embodiment, the mass ratio is from 1 :250 to 1 :10. In another embodiment, the mass ratio is from 2:1 to 1 :15. In another embodiment, the mass ratio is from 1 :5 to 1 :15. In another embodiment, the mass ratio is from 1 :10 to 1 :15. In another embodiment, the mass ratio is from 1 :1 to 1 :400. In another embodiment, the mass ratio is from 1 :10 to 1 :300. In another embodiment, the mass ratio is from 1 :30 to 1 :150. In another embodiment, the mass ratio is from 1 :40 to 1 :120.

[0102] Examplary mass ratios of compound 1) and compound 2) are 99:1 ,98:2, 97:3, 96:4, 95:5, 94:6, 93:7, 92:8, 91 :9, 90:10,89:11 ,88:12, 87:13, 86:14, 85:15, 84:16, 83:17, 82:18, 81 :19,80:20, 79:21 ,78:22, 77:23, 76:24, 75:25, 74:26, 73:27, 72:28, 71 :29, 70:30, 69:31 ,68:32, 67:33, 66:34, 65:45, 64:46, 63:47, 62:48, 61 :49, 60:40, 59:41 , 58:42, 57:43, 56:44, 55:45, 54:46, 53:47, 52:48, 51 :49, 50:50, 49:51 ,48:52, 47:53, 46:54, 45:55, 44:56, 43:57, 42:58, 41 :59,40:60, BASF SE 241092

[0103] 18

[0104] 39:61 ,38:62, 37:63, 36:64, 35:65, 34:66, 33:67, 32:68, 31 :69, 30:70, 29:71 ,28:72, 27:73, 26:74, 25:75, 24:76, 23:77, 22:78, 21 :79, 20:80, or 19:81. These ratios are suitable for inventive mixtures applied by seed treatment, soil treatment and foliar application.

[0105] In accordance with the present invention, the weight ratios and percentages used herein for a microbial pesticides are based on the total weight of the dry content (solid material). The total weight ratios of compositions comprising at least one microbial pesticide in the form of viable microbial cells including dormant forms, can be determined using the amount of CFU of the respective microorganism to calculate the total weight of the respective active component with the following equation that 1 x 1010CFU equals one gram of total weight of the respective active component. Colony forming unit is measure of viable microbial cells, in particular fungal and bacterial cells.

[0106] When mixtures comprising microbial pesticides are employed in crop protection, the application rates preferably range from about 1 x 106to 5 x 1015(or more) CFU / ha, preferably from about 1 x 108to about 1 x 1013CFU / ha, and even more preferably from about 1 x 109to about 1 x 1012CFU / ha. When mixtures comprising microbial pesticides are employed in seed treatment, the application rates with respect to plant propagation material preferably range from about 1 x 106to 1 x 1012(or more) CFU / seed. Preferably, the concentration is about 1 x 106to about 1 x 109CFU / seed.

[0107] Herein, microbial compounds 2) may be supplied in any physiological state such as active or dormant. Dormant compounds 2) may be supplied for example frozen, dried, or lyophilized or partly desiccated or in form of spores. Organisms in an active state can be delivered in a growth medium without any additional additives or materials or in combination with suitable nutrient mixtures. However, microbial compound 2) is preferably delivered and formulated in a dormant stage.

[0108] The term "invertebrate pest" (also referred to as animal pests) as used herein encompasses animal populations, such as insects, arachnids and nematodes, which may attack plants, thereby causing substantial damage to the plants attacked.

[0109] The mixtures of the invention are particularly suitable for controlling Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, Thysanoptera, and Hemiptera. In particular the mixtures are useful for the control of Thysanoptera and Hemiptera, especially Hemiptera. BASF SE 241092

[0110] 19

[0111] The pesticidal mixtures are especially suitable for efficiently combating animal pests e.g. arthropods, gastropods and nematodes including: insects from the order of Lepidoptera, e.g. Achroia grisella, Acleris spp. e.g. A. fimbriana, A. gloverana, A. variana; Acrolepiopsis assectella, Acronicta major, Adoxophyes spp. e.g. A. cyr- tosema, A. orana; Aedia leucomelas, Agrotis spp. e.g. A. exclamationis, A. fucosa, A. ipsilon, A. orthogoma, A. segetum, A. subterranea; Alabama argillacea, Aleurodicus dispersus, Alsophila pometaria, Ampelophaga rubiginosa, Amyelois transitella, Anacampsis sarcitella, Anagasta ku- ehniella, Anarsia lineatella, Anisota senatoria, Antheraea pernyi, Anticarsia (=Thermesia) spp. e.g. A. gemmatalis; Apamea spp., Aproaerema modicella, Archips spp. e.g. A. argyrospila, A. fuscocupreanus, A. rosana, A. xyloseanus; Argyresthia conjugella, Argyroploce spp., Argyrotae- nia spp. e.g. A. velutinana; Athetis mindara, Austroasca viridigrisea, Autographa gamma, Autog- rapha nigrisigna, Barathra brassicae, Bedellia spp., Bonagota salubricola, Borbo cinnara, Buc- culatrix thurberiella, Bupalus piniarius, Busseola spp., Cacoecia spp. e.g. C. murinana, C. po- dana; Cactoblastis cactorum, Cadra cautella, Calingo braziliensis, Caloptilis theivora, Capua re- ticulana, Carposina spp. e.g. C. niponensis, C. sasakii; Cephus spp., Chaetocnema aridula, Cheimatobia brumata, Chilo spp. e.g. C. Indicus, C. suppressalis, C. partellus; Choreutis pari- ana, Choristoneura spp. e.g. C. conflictana, C. fumiferana, C. longicellana, C. murinana, C. oc- cidentalis, C. rosaceana; Chrysodeixis (=Pseudoplusia) spp., e.g. C. eriosoma, C. includens; Cirphis unipuncta, Clysia ambiguella, Cnaphalocerus spp., Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, Cnepha- sia spp., Cochylis hospes, Coleophora spp., Colias eurytheme, Conopomorpha spp., Conotra- chelus spp., Copitarsia spp., Corcyra cephalonica, Crambus caliginosellus, Crambus teterrellus, Crocidosema (=Epinotia) aporema, Cydalima (=Diaphania) perspectalis, Cydia (=Carpocapsa) spp., e.g. C. pomonella, C. latiferreana; Dalaca noctuides, Datana integerrima, Dasychira pini- cola, Dendrolimus spp., e.g. D. pini, D. spectabilis, D. sibiricus; Desmia funeralis, Diaphania spp., e.g. D. nitidalis, D. hyalinata; Diatraea grandiosella, Diatraea saccharalis, Diphthera fes- tiva, Earias spp. e.g. E. insulana, E. vittella; Ecdytolopha aurantianu, Egira (=Xylomyges) curi- alis, Elasmopalpus lignosellus, Eldana saccharina, Endopiza viteana, Ennomos subsignaria, Eoreuma loftini, Ephestia spp., e.g. E. cautella, E. elutella, E. kuehniella; Epinotia aporema, Epiphyas postvittana, Erannis tiliaria, Erionota thrax, Etiella spp., Eulia spp., Eupoecilia ambiguella, Euproctis chrysorrhoea, Euxoa spp., Evetria bouliana, Faronta albilinea, Feltia spp. e.g. F. subterranean; Galleria mellonella, Gracillaria spp., Grapholita spp. e.g. G. funebrana, G. molesta, G. inopinata; Halysidota spp., Harrisina americana, Hedylepta spp., Helicoverpa spp. e.g. H. armigera (=Heliothis armigera), H. zea (=Heliothis zea); Heliothis spp. e.g. H. assulta, H. subflexa, H. virescens; Hellula spp. e.g. H. undalis, H. rogatalis; Helocoverpa gelotopoeon, Hemileuca oliviae, Herpetogramma licarsisalis, Hibernia defoliaria, Hofmannophila pseu- dospretella, Homoeosoma electellum, Homona magnanima, Hypena scabra, Hyphantria cunea, Hyponomeuta padella, Hyponomeuta malinellus, Kakivoria flavofasciata, Keiferia lycopersicella, BASF SE 241092

[0112] 20

[0113] Lambdina fiscellaria fiscellaria, Lambdina fiscellaria lugubrosa, Lamprosema indicata, Laspeyre- sia molesta, Leguminivora glycinivorella, Lerodea eufala, Leucinodes orbonalis, Leucoma sali- cis, Leucoptera spp. e.g. L. coffeella, L. scitella; Leuminivora lycinivorella, Lithocolletis blancar- della, Lithophane antennata, Llattia octo (=Amyna axis), Lobesia botrana, Lophocampa spp., Loxagrotis albicosta, Loxostege spp. e.g. L. sticticalis, L. cereralis; Lymantria spp., e.g. L. dispar, L. monacha; Lyonetia clerkella, Lyonetia prunifoliella, Malacosoma spp., e.g. M. ameri- canum, M. californicum, M. constrictum, M. neu-stria; Mamestra spp., e.g. M. brassicae, M. con- figurata; Mamstra brassicae, Manduca spp. e.g. M. quinquemaculata, M. sexta; Marasmia spp, Marmara spp., Maruca testulalis, Megalopyge lanata, Melanchra picta, Melanitis leda, Mocis spp., e.g. M. lapites, M. repanda; Mocis latipes, Monochroa fragariae, Mythimna separata, Nemapogon cloacella, Neoleucinodes elegantalis, Nepytia spp., Nymphula spp., Oiketicus spp., Omiodes indicata, Omphisa anastomosalis, Operophtera brumata, Orgyia pseudotsugata, Oria spp., Orthaga thyrisalis, Ostrinia spp. e.g. O. nubilalis; Oulema oryzae, Paleacrita vernata, Panolis flammea, Parnara spp., Papaipema nebris, Papilio cresphontes, Paramyelois transitella, Paranthrene regalis, Paysandisia archon, Pectinophora spp. e.g. P. gossypiella; Peridroma sau- cia, Perileucoptera spp., e.g. P. coffeella; Phalera bucephala, Phryganidia californica, Phthori- maea spp. e.g. P. operculella; Phyllocnistis citrella, Phyllonorycter spp. e.g. P. blancardella, P. crataegella, P. issikii, P. ringoniella; Pieris spp. e.g. P. brassicae, P. rapae, P. napi; Pilocrocis tripunctata, Plathypena scabra, Platynota spp. e.g. P. flavedana, P. idaeusalis, P. stultana; Platyptilia carduidactyla, Plebejus argus, Plo-dia interpunctella, Plusia spp, Plutella maculi- pennis, Plutella xylostella, Pontia protodica, Prays spp., Prodenia spp., Proxenus lepigone, Pseudaletia spp. e.g. P. sequax, P. unipuncta; Pyrausta nubilalis, Rachiplusia nu, Richia albicosta, Rhizobius ventralis, Rhyacionia frustrana, Sabulodes aegrotata, Schizura concinna, Schoenobius spp., Schreckensteinia festaliella, Scirpophaga spp. e.g. S. incertulas, S. innotata; Scotia segetum, Sesamia spp. e.g. S. inferens, Seudyra subflava, Sitotroga cerealella, Sparganothis pilleriana, Spilonota lechriaspis, S. ocelli-na, Spodoptera (=Lamphygma) spp. e.g. S. cosmoides, S. eridania, S. exigua, S. frugiperda, S. latisfascia, S. littoralis, S. litura, S. omithogalli; Stigmella spp., Stomopteryx subsecivella, Strymon bazochii, Sylepta derogata, Synanthedon spp. e.g. S. exitiosa, Tecia solanivora, Telehin licus, Thaumatopoea pityocampa, Thaumatotibia (=Cryptophlebia) leucotreta, Thaumetopoea pityocampa, Thecla spp., Theresi- mima ampelophaga, Thyrinteina spp, Tildenia inconspicuella, Tinea spp. e.g. T. cloacella, T. pellionella; Tineola bisselliella, Tortrix spp. e.g. T. viridana; Trichophaga tapetzella, Trichoplusia spp. e.g. T. ni; Tuta (=Scrobipalpula) absoluta, Udea spp. e.g. U. rubigalis, U. rubigalis; Vira- chola spp., Yponomeuta padella, and Zeiraphera canadensis; insects from the order of Coleoptera, e.g. Acalymma vittatum, Acanthoscehdes obtectus, Adoretus spp., Agelastica alni, Agrilus spp. e.g. A. anxius, A. planipennis, A. sinuatus; Agriotes spp. e.g. A. fuscicollis, A. lineatus, A. obscurus; Alphitobius diaperinus, Amphimallus solstitialis, BASF SE 241092

[0114] 21

[0115] Anisandrus dispar, Anisoplia austriaca, Anobium punctatum, Anomala corpulenta, Anomala ru- focuprea, Anoplophora spp. e.g. A. glabripennis; Anthonomus spp. e.g. A. eugenii, A. grandis, A. pomorum; Anthrenus spp., Aphthona euphoridae, Apion spp., Apogonia spp., Athous haem- orrhoidalis, Atomaria spp. e.g. A. linearis; Attagenus spp., Aulacophora femoralis, Blastophagus piniperda, Blitophaga undata, Bruchidius obtectus, Bruchus spp. e.g. B. lentis, B. pisorum, B. rufimanus; Byctiscus betulae, Callidiellum rufipenne, Callopistria floridensis, Callosobruchus chinensis, Cameraria ohridella, Cassida nebulosa, Cerotoma trifurcata, Cetonia aurata, Ceutho- rhynchus spp. e.g. C. assimilis, C. napi; Chaetocnema tibialis, Cleonus mendicus, Conoderus spp. e.g. C. vespertinus; Conotrachelus nenuphar, Cosmopolites spp., Costelytra zealandica, Crioceris asparagi, Cryptolestes ferrugineus, Cryptorhynchus lapathi, Ctenicera spp. e.g. C. destructor; Curculio spp., Cylindrocopturus spp., Cyclocephala spp., Dac-tylispa balyi, Dectes texanus, Dermestes spp., Diabrotica spp. e.g. D. undecimpunctata, D. speciosa, D. longicornis, D. semipunctata, D. virgifera; Diaprepes abbreviates, Dichocrocis spp., Dicladispa armigera, Dilo- boderus abderus, Diocalandra frumenti (Diocalandra stigmaticollis) , Enaphalodes rufulus, Epi- lachna spp. e.g. E. varivestis, E. vigintioctomaculata; Epitrix spp. e.g. E. hirtipennis, E. similaris; Eutheola humilis, Eutinobothrus brasiliensis, Faustinus cubae, Gibbium psylloides, Gnathocerus cornutus, Hellula undalis, Heteronychus arator, Hylamorpha elegans, Hylobius abietis, Hy- lotrupes bajulus, Hypera spp., e.g. H. brunneipennis, H. postica; Hypomeces squamosus, Hy- pothenemus spp., Ips typographus, Lachnosterna consanguinea, Lasioderma serricorne, La- theticus oryzae, Lathridius spp., Lerna spp. e.g. L. bilineata, L. melanopus; Leptinotarsa spp. e.g. L. decemlineata; Leptispa pygmaea, Limonius californi-cus, Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus, Lixus spp., Luperodes spp., Lyctus spp. e.g. L. bruneus; Liogenys fuscus, Macrodactylus spp. e.g. M. subspinosus; Maladera matrida, Megaplatypus mutates, Megascelis spp., Melanotus communis, Meligethes spp. e.g. M. aeneus; Melolontha spp. e.g. M. hippocastani, M. melolon- tha; Metamasius hemipterus, Microtheca spp., Migdolus spp. e.g. M. fryanus, Monochamus spp. e.g. M. alternatus; Naupactus xanthographus, Niptus hololeucus, Oberia brevis, Oemona hirta, Oryctes rhinoceros, Oryzaephilus surinamensis, Oryzaphagus oryzae, Otiorrhynchus sulcatus, Otiorrhynchus ovatus, Otiorrhynchus sulcatus, Oulema melanopus, Oulema oryzae, Oxycetonia jucunda, Phaedon spp. e.g. P. brassicae, P. cochleariae; Phoracantha recurva, Phyllobius pyri, Phyllopertha horticola, Phyllophaga spp. e.g. P. helleri; Phyllotreta spp. e.g. P. chrysocephala, P. nemorum, P. striolata, P. vittula; Phyllopertha horticola, Popillia japonica, Premnotrypes spp., Psacothea hilaris, Psylliodes chrysocephala, Prostephanus truncates, Psylliodes spp., Ptinus spp., Pulga saltona, Rhizopertha dominica, Rhynchophorus spp. e.g. R. billineatus, R. ferrugineus, R. palmarum, R. phoenicis, R. vulneratus; Saperda Candida, Scolytus schevyrewi, Scy- phophorus acupunctatus, Sitona lineatus, Sitophilus spp. e.g. S. granaria, S. oryzae, S. zeamais; Sphenophorus spp. e.g. S. levis; Stegobium paniceum, Sternechus spp. e.g. S. sub- BASF SE 241092

[0116] 22 signatus; Strophomorphus ctenotus, Symphyletes spp., Tanymecus spp., Tenebrio molitor, Te- nebrioides mauretanicus, Tribolium spp. e.g. T. castaneum; Trogoderma spp., Tychius spp., Xy- lotrechus spp. e.g. X. pyrrhoderus; and, Zabrus spp. e.g. Z. tenebrioides; insects from the order of Diptera e.g. Aedes spp. e.g. A. aegypti, A. albopictus, A. vexans; Anastrepha ludens, Anopheles spp. e.g. A. albimanus, A. crucians, A. freeborni, A. gambiae, A. leucosphyrus, A. maculipennis, A. minimus, A. quadrimaculatus, A. sinensis; Bactrocera in- vadens, Bibio hortulanus, Calliphora erythrocephala, Calliphora vicina, Ceratitis capitata, Chrysomyia spp. e.g. C. bezziana, C. hominivorax, C. macellaria; Chrysops atlanticus, Chrys- ops discalis, Chrysops silacea, Cochliomyia spp. e.g. C. hominivorax; Contarinia spp. e.g. C. sorghicola; Cordylobia anthropophaga, Culex spp. e.g. C. nigripalpus, C. pipiens, C. quinque- fasciatus, C. tarsalis, C. tritaeniorhynchus; Culicoides furens, Culiseta inornata, Culiseta melanura, Cuterebra spp., Dacus cucurbitae, Dacus oleae, Dasineura brassicae, Dasineura ox- ycoccana, Delia spp. e.g. D. antique, D. coarctata, D. platura, D. radicum; Dermatobia hominis, Drosophila spp. e.g. D. suzukii, Fannia spp. e.g. F. canicularis; Gastraphilus spp. e.g. G. intesti- nalis; Geomyza tipunctata, Glossina spp. e.g. G. fuscipes, G. morsitans, G. palpalis, G. tachi- noides; Haematobia irritans, Haplodiplosis equestris, Hippelates spp., Hylemyia spp. e.g. H. platura; Hypoderma spp. e.g. H. lineata; Hyppobosca spp., Hydrellia philippina, Leptoconops tor- rens, Liriomyza spp. e.g. L. sativae, L. trifolii; Lucilia spp. e.g. L. caprina, L. cuprina, L. sericata; Lycoria pectoralis, Mansonia titillanus, Mayetiola spp. e.g. M. destructor; Musca spp. e.g. M. au- tumnalis, M. domestica; Muscina stabulans, Oestrus spp. e.g. O. ovis; Opomyza florum, Osci- nella spp. e.g. O. frit; Orseolia oryzae, Pegomya hysocyami, Phlebotomus argentipes, Phorbia spp. e.g. P. antiqua, P. brassicae, P. coarctata; Phytomyza gymnostoma, Prosimulium mixtum, Psila rosae, Psorophora columbiae, Psorophora discolor, Rhagoletis spp. e.g. R. cerasi, R. cingulate, R. indifferens, R. mendax, R. pomonella; Rivellia quadrifasciata, Sarcophaga spp. e.g. S. haemorrhoidalis; Simulium vittatum, Sitodiplosis mosellana, Stomoxys spp. e.g. S. calcitrans; Tabanus spp. e.g. T. atratus, T. bovinus, T. lineola, T. similis; Tannia spp., Thecodiplo-sis ja- ponensis, Tipula oleracea, Tipula paludosa, Wohlfahrtia spp, and Zaprionus indianus; insects from the order of Thysanoptera e.g., Baliothrips biformis, Dichromothrips corbetti, Di- chromothrips ssp., Echinothrips americanus, Enneothrips flavens, Frankliniella spp. e.g. F. fusca, F. occidentalis, F. tritici; Heliothrips spp., Hercinothrips femoralis, Kakothrips spp., Micro- cephalothrips abdominalis, Neohydatothrips samayunkur, Pezothrips kellyanus, Rhipiphoro- thrips cruentatus, Scirtothrips spp. e.g. S. citri, S. dorsalis, S. perseae; Stenchaetothrips spp, Taeniothrips cardamoni, Taeniothrips inconsequens, Thrips spp. e.g. T. imagines, T. ha- waiiensis, T. oryzae, T. palmi, T. parvispinus, T. tabaci; insects from the order of Hemiptera e.g., Acizzia jamatonica, Acrosternum spp., e.g. A. hilare; Acyrthosipon spp., e.g. A. onobrychis, A. pisum; Adelges laricis, Adelges tsugae, Adelphocoris BASF SE 241092

[0117] 23 spp., e.g. A. rapidus, A. superbus; Aeneolamia spp., Agonoscena spp., Aulacorthum solani, Al- eurocanthus woglumi, Aleurodes spp., Aleurodicus disperses, Aleurolobus barodensis, Aleuro- thrixus spp., Amrasca spp., Anasa tristis, Antestiopsis spp., Anuraphis cardui, Aonidiella spp., Aphanostigma piri, Aphidula nasturtii, Aphis spp. e.g. A. craccivora, A. fabae, A. forbesi, A. gossypii, A. grossulariae, A. maidiradicis, A. pomi, A. sambuci, A. schneideri, A. spiraecola; Ar- boridia apicalis, Arilus critatus, Aspidiella spp., Aspidiotus spp., Atanus spp., Aulacaspis ya- sumatsui, Aulacorthum solani, Bactericera cockerelli (Paratrioza cockerelli), Bemisia spp. e.g. B. argentifolii, B. tabaci (Aleurodes tabaci); Blissus spp. e.g. B. leucopterus; Brachycaudus spp. e.g. B. cardui, B. helichrysi, B. persicae, B. prunicola; Brachycolus spp., Brachycorynella as-par- agi, Brevicoryne brassicae, Cacopsylla spp. e.g. C. fulguralis, C. pyricola (Psylla piri); Cal- ligypona marginata, Calocoris spp., Campylomma livida, Capitophorus horni, Carneocephala fulgida, Cavelerius spp., Ceraplastes spp., Ceratovacuna lanigera, Ceroplastes ceriferus, Ce- rosipha gossypii, Chaetosiphon fragaefolii, Chionaspis tegalensis, Chlorita onukii, Chromaphis juglandicola, Chrysomphalus ficus, Cicadulina mbila, Cimex spp. e.g. C. hemipterus, C. lectular- ius; Circulifer tenellus, Coccomytilus halli, Coccus spp. e.g. C. hesperidum, C. pseudomagnoliarum; Corythucha arcuata, Creontiades dilutus, Cryptomyzus ribis, Chrysomphalus aonidum, Cryptomyzus ribis, Ctenarytaina spatulata, Cyrtopeltis notatus, Dalbulus spp., Dasynus piperis, Dialeurodes spp. e.g. D. citrifolii; Dalbulus maidis, Diaphorina spp. e.g. D. citri; Diaspis spp. e.g. D. bromeliae; Dichelops furcatus, Diconocoris hewetti, Doralis spp., Dreyfusia nordmannianae, Dreyfusia piceae, Drosicha spp., Dysaphis spp. e.g. D. plantaginea, D. pyri, D. radicola; Dysaulacorthum pseudosolani, Dysdercus spp. e.g. D. cingulatus, D. intermedius; Dys- micoccus spp., Edessa spp., Geocoris spp., Empoasca spp. e.g. E. fabae, E. solana; Epidiaspis leperii, Eriosoma spp. e.g. E. lanigerum, E. pyricola; Erythroneura spp., Eurygaster spp. e.g. E. integriceps; Euscelis bilobatus, Euschistus spp. e.g. E. heros, E. impictiventris, E. servus; Fio- rinia theae, Geococcus coffeae, Glycaspis brimblecombei, Halyomorpha spp. e.g. H. halys; He- liopeltis spp., Homalodisca vitripennis (=H. coagulata), Horcias nobilellus, Hyalopterus pruni, Hyperomyzus lactucae, Icerya spp. e.g. I. purchase; Idiocerus spp., Idioscopus spp., Laodel- phax striatellus, Lecanium spp., Lecanoideus floccissimus, Lepidosaphes spp. e.g. L. ulmi; Lep- tocorisa spp., Leptoglossus phyllopus, Lipaphis erysimi, Lygus spp. e.g. L. hesperus, L. lineo- laris, L. praten-sis; Maconellicoccus hirsutus, Marchalina hellenica, Macropes excavatus, Macrosiphum spp. e.g. M. rosae, M. avenae, M. euphorbiae; Macrosteles quadrilineatus, Ma- hanarva fimbriolata, Megacopta cribraria, Megoura viciae, Melanaphis pyrarius, Melanaphis sacchari, Melanocallis (=Tinocallis) caryaefoliae, Metcafiella spp., Metopolophium dirhodum, Monellia costalis, Mo-nelliopsis pecanis, Myzocallis coryli, Murgantia spp., Myzus spp. e.g. M. ascalonicus, M. cerasi, M. nicotianae, M. persicae, M. varians; Nasonovia ribisnigri, Neotox- optera formosana, Neomegalotomus spp, Nephotettix spp. e.g. N. malayanus, N. nigropictus, N. parvus, N. vires-cens; Nezara spp. e.g. N. viridula; Nilaparvata lugens, Nysius huttoni, Oebalus BASF SE 241092

[0118] 24 spp. e.g. O. pugnax; Oncometopia spp., Orthezia praelonga, Oxycaraenus hyalinipennis, Para- bemisia myricae, Parlatoria spp., Parthenolecanium spp. e.g. P. corni, P. persicae; Pemphigus spp. e.g. P. bursarius, P. populivenae; Peregrinus maidis, Perkinsiella saccharicida, Phena- coccus spp. e.g. P. aceris, P. gossypii; Phloeomyzus passerinii, Phorodon humuli, Phylloxera spp. e.g. P. devastatrix, Piesma quadrata, Piezodorus spp. e.g. P. guildinii; Pinnaspis aspidis- trae, Pianococcus spp. e.g. P. citri, P. ficus; Prosapia bicincta, Protopulvinaria pyriformis, Psal- lus seriatus, Pseudacysta persea, Pseudaulacaspis pentagona, Pseudococcus spp. e.g. P. comstocki; Psylla spp. e.g. P. mali; Pteromalus spp., Pulvinaria amygdali, Pyrilla spp., Quad- raspidiotus spp., e.g. Q. perniciosus; Quesada gigas, Rastrococcus spp., Reduvius senilis, Rhi- zoecus americanus, Rhodnius spp., Rhopalomyzus ascalonicus, Rhopalosiphum spp. e.g. R. pseudobrassicas, R. insertum, R. maidis, R. padi; Sagatodes spp., Sahlbergella singulars, Saissetia spp., Sappaphis mala, Sappaphis mali, Scaptocoris spp., Scaphoideus titanus, Schi- zaphis graminum, Schizoneura lanuginosa, Scotinophora spp., Selenaspidus articulatus, Sito- bion avenae, Sogata spp., Sogatella furcifera, Solubea insularis, Spissistilus festinus (=Sticto- cephala festina), Stephanitis nashi, Stephanitis pyrioides, Stephanitis takeyai, Tenalaphara malayensis, Tetraleurodes perseae, Therioaphis maculate, Thyanta spp. e.g. T. accerra, T. per- ditor; Tibraca spp., Tomaspis spp., Toxoptera spp. e.g. T. aurantii; Trialeurodes spp. e.g. T. abutilonea, T. ricini, T. vaporariorum; Triatoma spp., Trioza spp., Typhlocyba spp., Unaspis spp. e.g. U. citri, U. yanonensis; and Viteus vitifolii,

[0119] Insects from the order Hymenoptera e.g. Acanthomyops interjectus, Athalia rosae, Atta spp. e.g. A. capiguara, A. cephalotes, A. cephalotes, A. laevigata, A. robusta, A. sexdens, A. texana, Bombus spp., Brachymyrmex spp., Camponotus spp. e.g. C. floridanus, C. pennsylvanicus, C. modoc; Cardiocondyla nuda, Chalibion sp, Crematogaster spp., Dasymutilla occidentalis, Diprion spp., Dolichovespula maculata, Dorymyrmex spp., Dryocosmus kuriphilus, Formica spp., Hoplocampa spp. e.g. H. minuta, H. testudinea; Iridomyrmex humilis, Lasius spp. e.g. L. niger, Linepithema humile, Liometopum spp., Leptocybe invasa, Monomorium spp. e.g. M. pharaonis, Monomorium, Nylandria fulva, Pachycondyla chinensis, Paratrechina longicornis, Paravespula spp., e.g. P. germanica, P. pennsylvanica, P. vulgaris; Pheidole spp. e.g. P. megacephala; Pogonomyrmex spp. e.g. P. barbatus, P. californicus, Polistes rubiginosa, Prenolepis impairs, Pseudomyrmex gracilis, Schelipron spp., Sirex cyaneus, Solenopsis spp. e.g. S. geminata,

[0120] S.invicta, S. molesta, S. richteri, S. xyloni, Sphecius speciosus, Sphex spp., Tapinoma spp. e.g.

[0121] T. melanocephalum, T. sessile; Tetramorium spp., e.g. T. caespitum, T. bicarinatum, Vespa spp., e.g. V. crabro; Vespula spp., e.g. V. squamosal; Wasmannia auropunctata, Xylocopa sp;

[0122] Insects from the order Orthoptera e.g. Acheta domesticus, Calliptamus italicus, Chortoicetes terminifera, Ceuthophilus spp., Diastrammena asynamora, Dociostaurus maroccanus, Gryllo- talpa spp. e.g. G. africana, G. gryllotalpa; Gryllus spp., Hieroglyphus daganensis, Kraussaria angulifera, Locusta spp. e.g. L. migratoria, L. pardalina; Melanoplus spp. e.g. M. bivittatus, M. BASF SE 241092

[0123] 25 femurrubrum, M. mexicanus, M. sanguinipes, M. spretus; Nomadacris septemfasciata, Oedaleus senegalensis, Scapteriscus spp., Schistocerca spp. e.g. S. americana, S. gregaria, Stemopelmatus spp., Tachycines asynamorus, and Zonozerus variegatus;

[0124] Pests from the Class Arachnida e.g. Acari.e.g. of the families Argasidae, Ixodidae and Sar- coptidae, e.g. Amblyomma spp. (e.g. A. americanum, A. variegatum, A. maculatum), Argas spp. e.g. A. persicu), Boophilus spp. e.g. B. annulatus, B. decoloratus, B. microplus, Dermacentor spp. e.g. D.silvarum, D. andersoni, D. variabilis, Hyalomma spp. e.g. H. truncatum, Ixodes spp. e.g. I. ricinus, I. rubicundus, I. scapularis, I. holocyclus, I. pacificus, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Ornithodorus spp. e.g. O. moubata, O. hermsi, O. turicata, Ornithonyssus bacoti, Otobius megnini, Dermanyssus gallinae, Psoroptes spp. e.g. P. ovis, Rhipicephalus spp. e.g. R. sanguineus, R. appendiculatus, Rhipicephalus evertsi, Rhizoglyphus spp., Sarcoptes spp. e.g. S. Scabiei; and Family Eriophyidae including Aceria spp. e.g. A. sheldoni, A. anthocoptes, Acallitus spp., Aculops spp. e.g. A. lycopersici, A. pelekassi; Aculus spp. e.g. A. schlechtendali; Co- lomerus vitis, Epitrimerus pyri, Phyllocoptruta oleivora; Eriophytes ribis and Eriophyes spp. e.g. Eriophyes sheldoni; Family Tarsonemidae including Hemitarsonemus spp., Phytonemus palli- dus and Polyphagotarsonemus latus, Stenotarsonemus spp. Steneotarsonemus spinki; Family Tenuipalpidae including Brevipalpus spp. e.g. B. phoenicis; Family Tetranychidae including Eo- tetranychus spp., Eutetranychus spp., Oligonychus spp., Petrobia latens, Tetranychus spp. e.g. T. cinnabarinus, T. evansi, T. kanzawai, T, pacificus, T. phaseulus, T. telarius and T. urticae; Bryobia praetiosa; Panonychus spp. e.g. P. ulmi, P. citri; Metatetranychus spp. and Oligonychus spp. e.g. O. pratensis, O. perseae, Vasates lycopersici; Raoiella indica, Family Carpoglyphidae including Carpoglyphus spp.; Penthaleidae spp. e.g. Halotydeus destructor; Family Demodici- dae with species e.g. Demodex spp.; Family Trombicidea including Trombicula spp.; Family Macronyssidae including Ornothonyssus spp.; Family Pyemotidae including Pyemotes tritici; Ty- rophagus putrescentiae; Family Acaridae includ-ing Acarus siro; Family Araneida including Latrodectus mactans, Eratigena agrestis, Cheiracanthium sp, Lycosa sp Achaearanea tepidario- rum and Loxosceles reclusa;

[0125] Pests from the Phylum Nematoda, e.g. plant parasitic nematodes e.g. root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp. e.g. M. hapla, M. incognita, M. javanica; cyst-forming nematodes, Globodera spp. e.g. G. rostochiensis; Heterodera spp. e.g. H. avenae, H. glycines, H. schachtii, H. trifolii; Seed gall nematodes, Anguina spp.; Stem and foliar nematodes, Aphelenchoides spp. e.g. A. besseyi; Sting nematodes, Belonolaimus spp. e.g. B. longicaudatus; Pine nematodes, Bur- saphelenchus spp. e.g. B. lignicolus, B. xylophilus; Ring nematodes, Criconema spp., Criconemella spp. e.g. C. xenoplax and C. ornata; and, Criconemoides spp. e.g. Criconemoides informis; Mesocriconema spp.; Stem and bulb nematodes, Ditylenchus spp. e.g. D. destructor, D. dipsaci; Awl nematodes, Dolichodorus spp.; Spiral nematodes, Heliocotylenchus multicinc- tus; Sheath and sheathoid nematodes, Hemicycliophora spp. and Hemicriconemoides spp.; BASF SE 241092

[0126] 26

[0127] Hirshmanniella spp.; Lance nematodes, Hoploaimus spp.; False rootknot nematodes, Nacobbus spp.; Needle nematodes, Longidorus spp. e.g. L. elongatus; Lesion nematodes, Pratylenchus spp. e.g. P. brachyurus, P. neglectus, P. penetrans, P. curvitatus, P. goodeyi; Burrowing nematodes, Radopholus spp. e.g. R. similis; Rhadopholus spp.; Rhodopholus spp.; Reniform nematodes, Rotylenchus spp. e.g. R. robustus, R. reniformis; Scutellonema spp.; Stubby-root nematode, Trichodorus spp. e.g. T. obtusus, T. primitivus; Paratrichodorus spp. e.g. P. minor; Stunt nematodes, Tylenchorhynchus spp. e.g. T. claytoni, T. dubius; Citrus nematodes, Tylenchulus spp. e.g. T. semipenetrans; Dagger nematodes, Xiphinema spp.; and other plant parasitic nematode species;

[0128] Insects from the order Blattodea e.g. Macrotermes spp. e.g. M. natalensis; Cornitermes cu- mulans, Procornitermes spp., Globitermes sulfureus, Neocapritermes spp. e.g. N. opacus, N. parvus; Odontotermes spp., Nasutitermes spp. e.g. N. corniger; Coptotermes spp. e.g. C. for- mosanus, C. gestroi, C. acinaciformis; Reticulitermes spp. e.g. R. hesperus, R. tibialis, R. spera- tus, R. flavipes, R. grassei, R. lucifugus, R. virginicus; Heterotermes spp. e.g. H. aureus, H. lon- giceps, H. tenuis; Cryptotermes spp. e.g. C. brevis, C. cavifrons; Incisitermes spp. e.g. I. minor, I. snyderi; Marginitermes hubbardi, Kalotermes flavicollis, Neotermes spp. e.g. N. cas-taneus, Zootermopsis spp. e.g. Z. angusticollis, Z. nevadensis, Mastotermes spp. e.g. M. dar-winiensis; Blatta spp. e.g. B. orientalis, B. lateralis; Blattella spp. e.g. B. asahinae, B. germanica; Rhyparo- bia maderae, Panchlora nivea, Periplaneta spp. e.g. P. americana, P. australasiae, P. brunnea, P. fuliginosa, P. japonica; Supella longipalpa, Parcoblatta pennsylvanica, Eurycotis floridana, Pycnoscelus surinamensis,

[0129] Insects from the order Siphonoptera e.g. Cediopsylla simples, Ceratophyllus spp., Ctenoce- phalides spp. e.g. C. felis, C. canis, Xenopsylla cheopis, Pulex irritans, Trichodectes canis, Tunga penetrans, and Nosopsyllus fasciatus,

[0130] Insects from the order Thysanura e.g. Lepisma saccharina, Ctenolepisma urbana, and Ther- mobia domestica,

[0131] Pests from the class Chilopoda e.g. Geophilus spp., Scutigera spp. e.g. Scutigera coleoptrata;

[0132] Pests from the class Diplopoda e.g. Blaniulus guttulatus, Julus spp., Narceus spp.,

[0133] Pests from the class Symphyla e.g. Scutigerella immaculata,

[0134] Insects from the order Dermaptera, e.g. Forficula auricularia,

[0135] Insects from the order Collembola, e.g. Onychiurus spp., e.g. Onychiurus armatus,

[0136] Pests from the order Isopoda, e.g. Armadillidium vulgare, Oniscus asellus, Porcellio scaber,

[0137] Insects from the order Phthiraptera, e.g. Damalinia spp., Pediculus spp. e.g. Pediculus hu-ma- nus capitis, Pediculus humanus corporis, Pediculus humanus humanus; Pthirus pubis, Haema- topinus spp. e.g. Haematopinus eurysternus, Haematopinus suis; Linognathus spp. e.g. Linognathus vituli; Bovicola bovis, Menopon gallinae, Menacanthus stramineus and Soleno- potes capillatus, Trichodectes spp., BASF SE 241092

[0138] 27

[0139] Further pest species which may be controlled by the pesticidal mixture and the methods according to the invention include: from the Phylum Mollusca, class Bivalvia, e.g., Dreissena spp.; class Gastropoda, e.g., Arion spp., Biomphalaria spp., Bulinus spp., Deroceras spp., Galba spp., Lymnaea spp., Oncomelania spp., Pomacea canaliclata, Succinea spp.; from the class of the helminths, e.g., Ancylostoma duodenale, Ancylostoma ceylanicum, Acylostoma braziliensis, Ancylostoma spp., Ascaris lubricoides, Ascaris spp., Brugia malayi, Brugia timori, Bunostomum spp., Chabertia spp., Clonorchis spp., Cooperia spp., Dicrocoelium spp., Dictyocaulus filaria, Diphyllobothrium latum, Dracunculus medinensis, Echinococcus granulosus, Echinococcus multi- locularis, Enterobius vermicularis, Faciola spp., Haemonchus spp. e.g. Haemonchus contortus; Heterakis spp., Hymenolepis nana, Hyostrongulus spp., Loa Loa, Nematodirus spp., Oesoph- agostomum spp., Opisthorchis spp., Onchocerca volvulus, Ostertagia spp., Paragonimus spp., Schistosomen spp., Strongyloides fuel-leborni, Strongyloides stercora lis, Stronyloides spp., Taenia saginata, Taenia solium, Trichinella spiralis, Trichinella nativa, Trichinella britovi, Trichi- nella nelsoni, Trichinella pseudopsiralis, Trichostrongulus spp., Trichuris trichuria, Wuchereria bancrofti.

[0140] The pesticidal mixture as well as the methods according to the invention are particularly suitable for efficiently combating insects from the sub-order of Auchenorrhyncha, e.g. Amrasca biguttula, Empoasca spp., Ne- photettix virescens, Sogatella furcifera, Mahanarva spp., Laodelphax striatellus, Nilapar-vata lugens, Diaphorina citri, Lycorma delicatula, Pentastiridus leporinus;

[0141] Lepidoptera, e.g. Helicoverpa spp., Heliothis virescens, Lobesia botrana, Ostrinia nubilalis, Plutella xylostella, Pseudoplusia includens, Scirpophaga incertulas, Spodoptera spp., Trichoplu- sia ni, Tuta absoluta, Cnaphalocrocis medialis, Cydia pomonella, Chilo suppressalis, Anticarsia gemmatalis, Agrotis ipsilon, Chrysodeixis includens;

[0142] True bugs, e.g. Lygus spp., Stink bugs such as Euschistus spp., Halyomorpha halys, Nezara viridula, Piezodorus guildinii, Dichelops furcatus;

[0143] Thrips, e.g. Frankliniella spp., Thrips spp., Dichromothrips corbettii;

[0144] Aphids, e.g. Acyrthosiphon pisum, Aphis spp., Myzus persicae, Rhopalosiphum spp., Schi- zaphis graminum, Megoura viciae;

[0145] Whiteflies, e.g. Trialeurodes vaporariorum, Bemisia spp.;

[0146] Coleoptera, e.g. Phyllotreta spp., Melanotus spp., Meligethes aeneus, Leptinotarsa decimline- ata, Ceutorhynchus spp., Diabrotica spp., Anthonomus grandis, Atomaria linearia, Agriotes spp., Epilachna spp.;

[0147] Flies, e.g. Delia spp., Ceratitis capitate, Bactrocera spp., Liriomyza spp.;

[0148] Coccoidea, e.g. Aonidiella aurantia, Ferrisia virgate;

[0149] Anthropods of class Arachnida (Mites), e.g. Penthaleus major, Tetranychus spp.; BASF SE 241092

[0150] 28

[0151] Nematodes, e.g. Heterodera glycines, Meloidogyne sp., Pratylenchus spp., Caenorhabditis el- egans.

[0152] The mixtures of the invention and compositions thereof, resp., are particularly suitable for controlling the following plant diseases:

[0153] Albugo spp. (white rust) on ornamentals, vegetables (e. g. A. Candida) and sunflowers (e. g. A. tragopogonis); Alternaria spp. (Alternaria leaf spot) on vegetables (e.g. A. dauci or A. porri oilseed rape (A. brassicicola or brassicae), sugar beets (A. tenuis), fruits (e.g. A. grandis), rice, soybeans, potatoes and tomatoes (e. g. A. solani, A. grandis or A. alternata), tomatoes (e. g. A. solani or A. alternata) and wheat (e.g. A. triticina) Aphanomyces spp. on sugar beets and vegetables; Ascochyta spp. on cereals and vegetables, e. g. A. tritici (anthracnose) on wheat and A. hordei on barley; Aureobasidium zeae (syn. Kapatiella zeae) on corn; Bipolaris and Drechslera spp. (teleomorph: Cochliobolus spp.), e. g. Southern leaf blight (D. maydis) or Northern leaf blight (B. zeicola) on corn, e. g. spot blotch (B. sorokiniana) on cereals and e. g. B. oryzae on rice and turfs; Blumeria (formerly Erysiphe) graminis (powdery mildew) on cereals (e. g. on wheat or barley); Botrytis cinerea (teleomorph: Botryotinia fuckeliana'. grey mold) on fruits and berries (e. g. strawberries), vegetables (e. g. lettuce, carrots, celery and cabbages); B. squamosa or B. aim on onion family), oilseed rape, ornamentals (e.g. B eliptica), vines, forestry plants and wheat; Bremia lactucae (downy mildew) on lettuce; Ceratocystis (syn. Ophiostoma) spp. (rot or wilt) on broad-leaved trees and evergreens, e. g. C. ulmi (Dutch elm disease) on elms; Cercospora spp. (Cercospora leaf spots) on corn (e. g. Gray leaf spot: C. zeae-maydis), rice, sugar beets (e. g. C. beticola), sugar cane, vegetables, coffee, soybeans (e. g. C. sojina or C. kikuchii) and rice; Cladobotryum (syn. Dactylium) spp. (e.g. C. mycophilum (formerly Dactylium dendroides, teleomorph: Nectria albertinii, Nectria rosella syn. Hypomyces rosellus) on mushrooms; Cladosporium spp. on tomatoes (e. g. C. fulvunr. leaf mold) and cereals, e. g. C. herbarum (black ear) on wheat; Claviceps purpurea (ergot) on cereals; Cochliobolus (ana- morph: Helminthosporium of Bipolaris) spp. (leaf spots) on corn (C. carbonum), cereals (e. g. C. sativus, anamorph: B. sorokiniana) and rice (e. g. C. miyabeanus, anamorph: H. oryzae); Colle- totrichum (teleomorph: Glomerella) spp. (anthracnose) on cotton (e. g. C. gossypii), corn (e. g. C. graminicola: Anthracnose stalk rot), soft fruits, potatoes (e. g. C. coccodes: black dot), beans (e. g. C. lindemuthianum), soybeans (e. g. C. truncatum or C. gloeosporioides), vegetables (e.g. C. lagenarium or C. capsici), fruits (e.g. C. acutatum), coffee (e.g. C. coffeanum or C. kahawae) and C. gloeosporioides on various crops; Corticium spp., e. g. C. sasakii (sheath blight) on rice; Corynespora cassiicola (leaf spots) on soybeans and ornamentals; Cycloconium spp., e. g. C. oleaginum on olive trees; Cylindrocarpon spp. (e. g. fruit tree canker or young vine decline, teleomorph: Nectria or Neonectria spp.) on fruit trees, vines (e. g. C. liriodendri, teleomorph: Ne- BASF SE 241092

[0154] 29 onectria liriodendrf. Black Foot Disease) and ornamentals; Dematophora (teleomorph: Rosei- linia) necatrix (root and stem rot) on soybeans; Diaporthe spp., e. g. D. phaseolorum (damping off) on soybeans; Drechslera (syn. Helminthosporium, teleomorph: Pyrenophora) spp. on corn, cereals, such as barley (e. g. D. teres, net blotch) and wheat (e. g. D. tritici-repentis’. tan spot), rice and turf; Esca (dieback, apoplexy) on vines, caused by Formitiporia (syn. Phellinus) punctata, F. mediterranea, Phaeomoniella chlamydospora (formerly Phaeoacremonium chlamydo- sporum), Phaeoacremonium aleophilum and / or Botryosphaeria obtusa: Elsinoe spp. on pome fruits (E. pyri), soft fruits (E. veneta anthracnose) and vines (E. ampelina-. anthracnose); En- tyloma oryzae (leaf smut) on rice; Epicoccum spp. (black mold) on wheat; Erysiphe spp. (powdery mildew) on sugar beets (E. betae), vegetables (e. g. E. pisi), such as cucurbits (e. g. E. cichoracearum), cabbages, oilseed rape (e. g. E. cruciferarum)- Eutypa lata (Eutypa canker or dieback, anamorph: Cytosporina lata, syn. Libertella blepharis) on fruit trees, vines and ornamental woods; Exserohilum (syn. Helminthosporium) spp. on corn (e. g. E. turcicumy Fusarium (teleomorph: Gibberella) spp. (wilt, root or stem rot) on various plants, such as F. graminearum or F. culmorum (root rot, scab or head blight) on cereals (e. g. wheat or barley), F. oxysporum on tomatoes, F. solan! (f. sp. glycines now syn. F. virguliforme ) and F. tucumaniae and F. brasiliense each causing sudden death syndrome on soybeans, and F. verticillioides on corn; Gaeumannomyces graminis (take-all) on cereals (e. g. wheat or barley) and corn; Gibberella spp. on cereals (e. g. G. zeae) and rice (e. g. G. fujikuror'. Bakanae disease); Glomerella cingu- lata on vines, pome fruits and other plants and G. gossypii on cotton; Grainstaining complex on rice; Guignardia bidwellii (black rot) on vines; Gymnosporangium spp. on rosaceous plants and junipers, e. g. G. sabinae (rust) on pears; Helminthosporium spp. (syn. Drechslera, teleomorph: Cochliobolus) on corn, cereals, potatoes and rice; Hemileia spp., e. g. H. vastatrix (coffee leaf rust) on coffee; Isariopsis clavispora (syn. Cladosporium vitis) on vines; Macrophomina phaseolina (syn. phaseoli) (root and stem rot) on soybeans and cotton; Microdochium (syn. Fusarium) nivale (pink snow mold) on cereals (e. g. wheat or barley); Microsphaera diffusa (powdery mildew) on soybeans; Monilinia spp., e. g. M. laxa, M. fructicola and M. fructigena (syn. Monilia spp.: bloom and twig blight, brown rot) on stone fruits and other rosaceous plants; Mycosphaerella spp. on cereals, bananas, soft fruits and ground nuts, such as e. g. M. gramini- cola (anamorph: Zymoseptoria tritici formerly Septoria triticr'. Septoria blotch) on wheat or M. fi- jiensis (syn. Pseudocercospora fijiensis'. black Sigatoka disease) and M. musicola on bananas, M. arachidicola (syn. M. arachidis or Cercospora arachidis), M. berkeleyi on peanuts, M. pisi on peas and M. brassiciola on brassicas; Peronospora spp. (downy mildew) on cabbage (e. g. P. brassicae), oilseed rape (e. g. P. parasitica), onions (e. g. P. destructor), tobacco (P. tabacina) and soybeans (e. g. P. manshuricay Phakopsora pachyrhizi and P. meibomiae (soybean rust) on soybeans; Phialophora spp. e. g. on vines (e. g. P. tracheiphila and P. tetraspora) and soy- BASF SE 241092

[0155] 30 beans (e. g. P. gregata'. stem rot); Phoma lingam (syn. Leptosphaeria biglobosa and L macu- lans root and stem rot) on oilseed rape and cabbage, P. betae (root rot, leaf spot and damping- off) on sugar beets and P. zeae-maydis (syn. Phyllostica zeae) on corn; Phomopsis spp. on sunflowers, vines (e. g. P. viticola'. can and leaf spot) and soybeans (e. g. stem rot: P. phaseoli, teleomorph: Diaporthe phaseolorum) Physoderma maydis (brown spots) on corn; Phytophthora spp. (wilt, root, leaf, fruit and stem root) on various plants, such as paprika and cucurbits (e. g. P. capsici), soybeans (e. g. P. megasperma, syn. P. sojae), potatoes and tomatoes (e. g. P. in- festans’. late blight) and broad-leaved trees (e. g. P. ramorunr. sudden oak death); Plasmodi- ophora brassicae (club root) on cabbage, oilseed rape, radish and other plants; Plasmopara spp., e. g. P. viticola (grapevine downy mildew) on vines and P. halstedii on sunflowers; Podo- sphaera spp. (powdery mildew) on rosaceous plants, hop, pome and soft fruits (e. g. P. leuco- tricha on apples) and curcurbits (P. xanthii); Polymyxa spp., e. g. on cereals, such as barley and wheat (P. graminis) and sugar beets (P. betae) and thereby transmitted viral diseases; Pseudo- cercosporella herpotrichoides (syn. Oculimacula yallundae, O. acuformis'. eyespot, teleomorph: Tapesia yallundae) on cereals, e. g. wheat or barley; Pseudoperonospora (downy mildew) on various plants, e. g. P. cubensis on cucurbits or P. humili on hop; Pseudopezicula tracheiphila (red fire disease or ,rotbrenner’, anamorph: Phialophora) on vines; Puccinia spp. (rusts) on various plants, e. g. P. triticina (brown or leaf rust), P. striiformis (stripe or yellow rust), P. horde!

[0156] (dwarf rust), P. graminis (stem or black rust) or P. recondita (brown or leaf rust) on cereals, such as e. g. wheat, barley or rye, P. kuehnii (orange rust) on sugar cane and P. asparagi on asparagus; Pyrenopeziza spp., e.g. P. brassicae on oilseed rape; Pyrenophora (anamorph:

[0157] Drechslera) tritici-repentis (tan spot) on wheat or P. teres (net blotch) on barley; Pyricularia spp., e. g. P. oryzae (teleomorph: Magnaporthe grisea rice blast) on rice and P. grisea on turf and cereals; Pythium spp. (damping-off) on turf, rice, corn, wheat, cotton, oilseed rape, sunflowers, soybeans, sugar beets, vegetables and various other plants (e. g. P. ultimum or P. aphani- dermatum) and P. oligandrum on mushrooms; Ramularia spp., e. g. R. collo-cygni (Ramularia leaf spots, Physiological leaf spots) on barley and R. beticola on sugar beets; Rhizoctonia spp. on cotton, rice, potatoes, turf, corn, oilseed rape, potatoes, sugar beets, vegetables and various other plants, e. g. R. solan! (root and stem rot) on soybeans, R. solan! (sheath blight) on rice or R. cerealis (Rhizoctonia spring blight) on wheat or barley; Rhizopus stolonifer (black mold, soft rot) on strawberries, carrots, cabbage, vines and tomatoes; Rhynchosporium secalis and R. commune (scald) on barley, rye and triticale; Sarocladium oryzae and S. attenuatum (sheath rot) on rice; Sclerotinia spp. (stem rot or white mold) on vegetables (S. minor and S. scleroti- orum) and field crops, such as oilseed rape, sunflowers (e. g. S. sclerotiorum) and soybeans, S. rolfsii (syn. Athelia rolfsii) on soybeans, peanut, vegetables, corn, cereals and ornamentals; Septoria spp. on various plants, e. g. S. glycines (brown spot) on soybeans, S. tritici (syn. Zy- BASF SE 241092

[0158] 31 moseptoria tritici, Septoria blotch) on wheat and S. (syn. Stagonospora) nodorum (Stagono- spora blotch) on cereals; Uncinula (syn. Erysiphe) necator (powdery mildew, anamorph: Oidium tuckeri) on vines; Setosphaeria spp. (leaf blight) on corn (e. g. S. turcicum, syn. Helmin- thosporium turcicum) and turf; Sphacelotheca spp. (smut) on corn, (e. g. S. reiliana, syn. Usti- lago reiliana-. head smut), sorghum und sugar cane; Sphaerotheca fuliginea (syn. Podosphaera xanthir'. powdery mildew) on cucurbits; Spongospora subterranea (powdery scab) on potatoes and thereby transmitted viral diseases; Stagonospora spp. on cereals, e. g. S. nodorum (Stagonospora blotch, teleomorph: Leptosphaeria [syn. Phaeosphaeria] nodorum, syn. Septoria nodorum) on wheat; Synchytrium endobioticum on potatoes (potato wart disease); Taphrina spp., e. g. T. deformans (leaf curl disease) on peaches and T. pruni (plum pocket) on plums; Thielaviopsis spp. (black root rot) on tobacco, pome fruits, vegetables, soybeans and cotton, e. g. T. basicola (syn. Chalara elegans)- Tilletia spp. (common bunt or stinking smut) on cereals, such as e. g. T. tritici (syn. T. caries, wheat bunt) and T. controversa (dwarf bunt) on wheat; Trichoderma harzianum on mushrooms- Typhula incarnata (grey snow mold) on barley or wheat; Urocystis spp., e. g. U. occulta (stem smut) on rye; Uromyces spp. (rust) on vegetables, such as beans (e. g. U. appendiculatus, syn. U. phaseoli), sugar beets (e. g. U. betae or U. beticola) and on pulses (e.g. U. vignae, U. pisi, U. viciae-fabae and U. fabae)- Ustilago spp. (loose smut) on cereals (e. g. U. nuda and U. avaenae), corn (e. g. U. maydis'. corn smut) and sugar cane; Venturia spp. (scab) on apples (e. g. V. inaequalis) and pears; and Verticillium spp. (wilt) on various plants, such as fruits and ornamentals, vines, soft fruits, vegetables and field crops, e. g. V. longisporum on oilseed rape, V. dahliae on strawberries, oilseed rape, potatoes and tomatoes, and V. fungicola on mushrooms; Zymoseptoria tritici on cereals.

[0159] The pesticidal mixture may contain a further agriculturally active ingredient, such as a fungicide, or insecticide, preferably an insecticide. In one embodiment, the pesticidal mixture is a binary mixture containing one component 1) and one component 2). In another embodiment, the pesticidal mixture is a ternary mixture containing one component 1 , one component 2), and one further agriculturally active ingredient, preferably an insecticide.

[0160] In general, "pesticidally effective amount" means the amount of the inventive mixtures or of compositions comprising the mixtures needed to achieve an observable effect on growth, including the effects of necrosis, death, retardation, prevention, and removal, destruction, or otherwise diminishing the occurrence and activity of the target organism. The pesticidally effective amount can vary for the various mixtures and / or compositions used in the invention. A pesti- BASF SE 241092

[0161] 32 cidally effective amount of the mixtures and / or compositions will also vary according to the prevailing conditions such as desired pesticidal effect and duration, weather, target species, locus, mode of application, and the like.

[0162] Formulation

[0163] The compositions are prepared in a known manner, such as described by Mollet and Grube- mann, Formulation technology, Wiley VCH, Weinheim, 2001 ; or Knowles, New developments in crop protection product formulation, Agrow Reports DS243, T&F Informa, London, 2005. In one embodiment, the invention pertains to a method for producing the pesticidal mixture comprising the step of contacting compound 1) and compound 2), preferably by mixing liquid compositions comprising compound 1) or compound 2), respectively, more preferably aqueous liquid compositions comprising compound 1) or compound 2), respectively.

[0164] The compounds of the invention or the mixtures thereof can be converted into customary types of agro-chemical compositions, e.g. solutions, emulsions, suspensions, dusts, powders, pastes, granules, pressings, capsules, and mixtures thereof. Examples for composition types are suspensions (e.g. SC, OD, FS), emulsifiable concentrates (e.g. EC), emulsions (e.g. EW, EO, ES, ME), capsules (e.g. CS, ZC), pastes, pastilles, wettable powders or dusts (e.g. WP, SP, WS, DP, DS), pressings (e.g. BR, TB, DT), granules (e.g. WG, SG, GR, FG, GG, MG), insecticidal articles (e.g. LN), as well as gel formulations for the treatment of plant propagation materials e.g. seeds (e.g. GF). These and further compositions types are defined in the “Catalogue of pesticide formulation types and international coding system”, Technical Monograph No. 2, 6th Ed. May 2008, CropLife International.

[0165] Examples for suitable auxiliaries are solvents, liquid carriers, solid carriers or fillers, surfactants, dispersants, emulsifiers, wetters, adjuvants, solubilizers, penetration enhancers, protective colloids, adhesion agents, thickeners, humectants, repellents, attractants, feeding stimulants, compatibilizers, bactericides, anti-freezing agents, anti-foaming agents, colorants, tackifiers and binders.

[0166] Suitable solvents and liquid carriers are water and organic solvents, e.g. mineral oil fractions of medium to high boiling point, e.g. kerosene, diesel oil; oils of vegetable or animal origin; hydrocarbons, e.g. toluene, paraffin, tetrahydronaphthalene, alkylated naphthalenes; alcohols, e.g. ethanol, propanol, butanol, benzylalcohol, cyclohexanol; glycols; DMSO; ketones, e.g. cyclohexanone; esters, e.g. lactates, carbonates, fatty acid esters, gamma-butyrolactone; fatty acids; phosphonates; amines; amides, e.g. N-methylpyrrolidone, fatty acid dimethylamides; and mixtures thereof.

[0167] Suitable solid carriers or fillers are mineral earths, e.g. silicates, silica gels, talc, kaolins, limestone, lime, chalk, clays, dolomite, diatomaceous earth, bentonite, CaSO4, MgSO4, MgO; polysaccharide powders, e.g. cellulose, starch; fertilizers, e.g. (NH4)2SO4, (NH4)3PO4, NH4NO3, BASF SE 241092

[0168] 33 ureas; products of vegetable origin, e.g. cereal meal, tree bark meal, wood meal, nutshell meal, and mixtures thereof.

[0169] Suitable surfactants are surface-active compounds, e.g. anionic, cationic, nonionic and amphoteric surfactants, block polymers, polyelectrolytes, and mixtures thereof. Such surfactants can be used as emusifier, dispersant, solubilizer, wetter, penetration enhancer, protective colloid, or adjuvant. Examples of surfactants are listed in McCutcheon’s, Vol.1 : Emulsifiers & Detergents, McCutcheon’s Directories, Glen Rock, USA, 2008 (International or North American Ed.).

[0170] Suitable anionic surfactants are alkali, alkaline earth or ammonium salts of sulfonates, sulfates, phosphates, carboxylates, and mixtures thereof. Examples of sulfonates are alkylarylsulfonates, diphenylsulfonates, alpha-olefin sulfonates, lignine sulfonates, sulfonates of fatty acids and oils, sulfonates of ethoxylated alkylphenols, sulfonates of alkoxylated arylphenols, sulfonates of condensed naphthalenes, sulfonates of dodecyl- and tridecylbenzenes, sulfonates of naphthalenes and alkylnaphthalenes, sulfosuccinates or sulfosuccinamates. Examples of sulfates are sulfates of fatty acids and oils, of ethoxylated alkylphenols, of alcohols, of ethoxylated alcohols, or of fatty acid esters. Examples of phosphates are phosphate esters. Examples of carboxylates are alkyl carboxylates, and carboxylated alcohol or alkylphenol ethoxylates.

[0171] Suitable nonionic surfactants are alkoxylates, N-subsituted fatty acid amides, amine oxides, esters, sugar-based surfactants, polymeric surfactants, and mixtures thereof. Examples of alkoxylates are compounds e.g. alcohols, alkylphenols, amines, amides, arylphenols, fatty acids or fatty acid esters which have been alkoxylated with 1 to 50 equivalents. Ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide may be employed for the alkoxylation, preferably ethylene oxide. Examples of N-subsititued fatty acid amides are fatty acid glucamides or fatty acid alkanola-mides. Examples of esters are fatty acid esters, glycerol esters or monoglycerides. Examples of sugar-based surfactants are sorbitans, ethoxylated sorbitans, sucrose and glucose esters or alkylpolyglucosides. Examples of polymeric surfactants are homo- or copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone, vinylal- cohols, or vinylacetate.

[0172] Suitable cationic surfactants are quaternary surfactants, e.g. quaternary ammonium compounds with one or two hydrophobic groups, or salts of long-chain primary amines. Suitable amphoteric surfactants are alkylbetains and imidazolines. Suitable block polymers are block polymers of the A-B or A-B-A type comprising blocks of polyethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide, or of the A-B-C type comprising alkanol, polyethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide. Suitable polyelectrolytes are polyacids or polybases. Examples of polyacids are alkali salts of polyacrylic acid or polyacid comb polymers. Examples of polybases are polyvinylamines, or polyethyleneamines.

[0173] Suitable adjuvants are compounds, which have a neglectable or even no pesticidal activity themselves, and which improve the biological performance of the compounds of the invention BASF SE 241092

[0174] 34 on the target. Examples are surfactants, mineral or vegetable oils, and other auxilaries. Further examples are listed by Knowles, Adjuvants and additives, Agrow Reports DS256, T&F Informa UK, 2006, chapter s.

[0175] Suitable thickeners are polysaccharides (e.g. xanthan gum, carboxymethylcellulose), anorganic clays (organically modified or unmodified), polycarboxylates, and silicates.

[0176] Suitable bactericides are bronopol and isothiazolinone derivatives e.g. alkylisothiazolinones and benzisothiazolinones.

[0177] Suitable anti-freezing agents are ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, urea, and glycerin.

[0178] Suitable anti-foaming agents are silicones, long chain alcohols, and salts of fatty acids.

[0179] Suitable colorants (e.g. in red, blue, or green) are pigments of low water solubility and water- soluble dyes. Examples are inorganic colorants (e.g. iron oxide, titan oxide, iron hexacyanoferrate) and organic colorants (e.g. alizarin-, azo-, and phthalocyanine colorants).

[0180] Suitable tackifiers or binders are polyvinylpyrrolidons, polyvinylacetates, polyvinyl alcohols, polyacrylates, biological or synthetic waxes, and cellulose ethers.

[0181] Examples for composition types and their preparation are: i) Water-soluble concentrates (SL, LS)

[0182] 10-60 wt% of a compound I according to the invention and 5-15 wt% wetting agent (e.g. alcohol alkoxylates) are dissolved in water and / or in a water-soluble solvent (e.g. alcohols) up to 100 wt%. The active substance dissolves upon dilution with water. ii) Dispersible concentrates (DC)

[0183] 5-25 wt% of a compound I according to the invention and 1-10 wt% dispersant (e.g. polyvinylpyrrolidone) are dissolved in up to 100 wt% organic solvent (e.g. cyclohexanone). Dilution with water gives a dispersion. iii) Emulsifiable concentrates (EC)

[0184] 15-70 wt% of a compound I according to the invention and 5-10 wt% emulsifiers (e.g. calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and castor oil ethoxylate) are dissolved in up to 100 wt% water-insoluble organic solvent (e.g. aromatic hydrocarbon). Dilution with water gives an emulsion. iv) Emulsions (EW, EO, ES)

[0185] 5-40 wt% of a compound I according to the invention and 1-10 wt% emulsifiers (e.g. calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and castor oil ethoxylate) are dissolved in 20-40 wt% water-insoluble organic solvent (e.g. aromatic hydrocarbon). This mixture is introduced into up to 100 wt% water by means of an emulsifying machine and made into a homogeneous emulsion. Dilution with water gives an emulsion. v) Suspensions (SC, OD, FS)

[0186] In an agitated ball mill, 20-60 wt% of a compound I according to the invention are comminuted with addition of 2-10 wt% dispersants and wetting agents (e.g. sodium lignosulfonate and alcohol ethoxylate), 0,1-2 wt% thickener (e.g. xanthan gum) and up to 100 wt% water to give a fine BASF SE 241092

[0187] 35 active substance suspension. Dilution with water gives a stable suspension of the active substance. For FS type composition up to 40 wt% binder (e.g. polyvinylalcohol) is added. vi) Water-dispersible granules and water-soluble granules (WG, SG)

[0188] 50-80 wt% of a compound I according to the invention are ground finely with addition of up to 100 wt% dispersants and wetting agents (e.g. sodium lignosulfonate and alcohol ethoxylate) and prepared as water-dispersible or water-soluble granules by means of technical appliances (e.g. extrusion, spray tower, fluidized bed). Dilution with water gives a stable dispersion or solution of the active substance. vii) Water-dispersible powders and water-soluble powders (WP, SP, WS)

[0189] 50-80 wt% of a compound I according to the invention are ground in a rotor-stator mill with addition of 1-5 wt% dispersants (e.g. sodium lignosulfonate), 1-3 wt% wetting agents (e.g. alcohol ethoxylate) and up to 100 wt% solid carrier, e.g. silica gel. Dilution with water gives a stable dispersion or solution of the active substance. viii) Gel (GW, GF)

[0190] In an agitated ball mill, 5-25 wt% of a compound I according to the invention are comminuted with addition of 3-10 wt% dispersants (e.g. sodium lignosulfonate), 1-5 wt% thickener (e.g. carboxymethylcellulose) and up to 100 wt% water to give a fine suspension of the active substance. Dilution with water gives a stable suspension of the active substance. ix) Microemulsion (ME)

[0191] 5-20 wt% of a compound I according to the invention are added to 5-30 wt% organic solvent blend (e.g. fatty acid dimethylamide and cyclohexanone), 10-25 wt% surfactant blend (e.g. alcohol ethoxylate and arylphenol ethoxylate), and water up to 100 %. This mixture is stirred for 1 h to produce spontaneously a thermodynamically stable microemulsion. x) Microcapsules (CS)

[0192] An oil phase comprising 5-50 wt% of a compound I according to the invention, 0-40 wt% water insoluble organic solvent (e.g. aromatic hydrocarbon), 2-15 wt% acrylic monomers (e.g. methylmethacrylate, methacrylic acid and a di- or triacrylate) are dispersed into an aqueous solution of a protective colloid (e.g. polyvinyl alcohol). Radical polymerization initiated by a radical initiator results in the formation of poly(meth)acrylate microcapsules. Alternatively, an oil phase comprising 5-50 wt% of a compound I according to the invention, 0-40 wt% water insoluble organic solvent (e.g. aromatic hydrocarbon), and an isocyanate monomer (e.g. di-phenylme-thene-4,4’- diisocyanatae) are dispersed into an aqueous solution of a protective colloid (e.g. polyvinyl alcohol). The addition of a polyamine (e.g. hexamethylenediamine) results in the for-ation of a polyurea microcapsule. The monomers amount to 1-10 wt%. The wt% relate to the total CS composition. xi) Dustable powders (DP, DS) BASF SE 241092

[0193] 36

[0194] 1-10 wt% of a compound I according to the invention are ground finely and mixed intimately with up to 100 wt% solid carrier, e.g. finely divided kaolin. xii) Granules (GR, FG)

[0195] 0.5-30 wt% of a compound I according to the invention is ground finely and associated with up to 100 wt% solid carrier (e.g. silicate). Granulation is achieved by extrusion, spray-drying or the fluidized bed. xiii) Ultra-low volume liquids (UL)

[0196] 1-50 wt% of a compound I according to the invention are dissolved in up to 100 wt% organic solvent, e.g. aromatic hydrocarbon.

[0197] The compositions types i) to xi) may optionally comprise further auxiliaries, e.g. 0.1-1 wt% bactericides, 5-15 wt% anti-freezing agents, 0.1-1 wt% anti-foaming agents, and 0.1-1 wt% colorants.

[0198] The agrochemical compositions generally comprise between 0.01 and 95%, preferably between 0.1 and 90%, and most preferably between 0.5 and 75%, by weight of active substance. The active substances are employed in a purity of from 90% to 100%, preferably from 95% to 100% (according to NMR spectrum).

[0199] Various types of oils, wetters, adjuvants, fertilizer, or micronutrients, and other pesticides (e.g. herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, growth regulators, safeners) may be added to the active substances or the compositions comprising them as premix or, if appropriate not until immediately prior to use (tank mix). These agents can be admixed with the compositions according to the invention in a weight ratio of 1 : 100 to 100: 1 , preferably 1 : 10 to 10:1.

[0200] The user applies the composition according to the invention usually from a predosage device, a knapsack sprayer, a spray tank, a spray plane, or an irrigation system. Usually, the agrochemical composition is made up with water, buffer, and / or further auxiliaries to the desired application concentration and the ready-to-use spray liquor or the agrochemical composition according to the invention is thus obtained. Usually, 20 to 2000 liters, preferably 50 to 400 liters, of the ready-to-use spray liquor are applied per hectare of agricultural useful area.

[0201] According to one embodiment, individual components of the composition of the invention e.g. parts of a kit or parts of a binary or ternary mixture may be mixed by the user himself in a spray tank and further auxiliaries may be added, if appropriate.

[0202] When living microorganisms D1) form part of such kit, it must be taken care that choice and amounts of the components (e. g. chemical pesticides) and of the further auxiliaries should not influence the viability of the microbial pesticides in the composition mixed by the user. Especially for bactericides and solvents, compatibility with the respective microbial pesticide has to be taken into account.

[0203] Consequently, one embodiment of the invention is a kit for preparing a usable pesticidal composition, the kit comprising a) a composition comprising component 1) as defined herein and at BASF SE 241092

[0204] 37 least one auxiliary; and b) a composition comprising component 2) as defined herein and at least one auxiliary.

[0205] In a further embodiment, either individual components of the composition according to the invention or partially premixed components, e.g. components comprising compounds of the invention and / or mixing partners as defined above, may be mixed by the user in a spray tank and further auxiliaries and additives may be added.

[0206] In a further embodiment, either individual components of the composition according to the invention or partially premixed components, e.g. components comprising compounds of the invention and / or mixing partners as defined above, can be applied jointly (e.g. after tank mix) or consecutively.

[0207] The mixtures of the invention are employed as such or in form of compositions by in a pesticidally effective amount of the active compounds. The application can be carried out both before and after the infection of the plants, plant propagation materials, such as seeds, soil, surfaces, materials or rooms by the insects.

[0208] Application methods

[0209] The pesticidal mixture are suitable for use in protecting crops, plants, plant propagation materials, e.g. seeds, or soil or water, in which the plants are growing, from attack or infestation by animal pests. Therefore, the invention also relates to a plant protection method, which comprises contacting crops, plants, plant propagation materials, e.g. seeds, or soil or water, in which the plants are growing, to be protected from attack or infestation by animal pests, with a pesticidally effective amount of the pesticidal mixture.

[0210] The pesticidal mixture is also suitable for use in combating or controlling animal pests. Therefore, the invention also relates to a method of combating or controlling animal pests, which comprises contacting the animal pests, their habitat, breeding ground, or food supply, or the crops, plants, plant propagation materials, e.g. seeds, or soil, or the area, material or environment in which the animal pests are growing or may grow, with a pesticidally effective amount of the pesticidal mixture.

[0211] The pesticidal mixture is effective through both contact and ingestion. Furthermore, The pesticidal mixture can be applied to any and all developmental stages, e.g. egg, larva, pupa, and adult.

[0212] The pesticidal mixture can be applied as such or in form of compositions as defined above. Furthermore, the compounds 1) and 2) can be applied together with a mixing partner or in form BASF SE 241092

[0213] 38 of compositions comprising said mixtures. The compounds 1) and 2) can be applied simultaneously, jointly or separately, or in succession, that is immediately one after another and thereby creating the mixture “in situ” on the desired location, e.g. the plant, the sequence, in the case of separate application, generally not having any effect on the result of the control measures.

[0214] The application can be carried out both before and after the infestation of the crops, plants, plant propagation materials, e.g. seeds, soil, or the area, material or environment by the pests.

[0215] Suitable application methods include i.a. soil treatment, seed treatment, in furrow application, and foliar application. Soil treatment methods include drenching the soil, drip irrigation (drip application onto the soil), dipping roots, tubers or bulbs, or soil injection. Seed treatment techniques include seed dressing, seed coating, seed dusting, seed soaking, and seed pelleting. In furrow applications typically include the steps of making a furrow in cultivated land, seeding the furrow with seeds, applying the pesticidally active compound to the furrow, and closing the furrow. Foliar application refers to the application to plant foliage, e.g. through spray equipment. For foliar applications, it can be advantageous to modify the behavior of the pests by use of pheromones in combination with the compound 1) and 2). Suitable pheromones for specific crops and pests are known and publicly available from databases of pheromones and semio- chemicals, e.g. http: / / www.pherobase.com.

[0216] As used herein, the term "contacting" includes both direct contact (applying the com- pounds / compositions directly on the animal pest or plant - typically to the foliage, stem or roots of the plant) and indirect contact (applying the compounds / composition to the locus, i.e. habitat, breeding ground, plant, seed, soil, area, material, or environment in which a pest is growing or may grow, of the animal pest or plant).

[0217] The term “animal pest” includes arthropods, gastropods, and nematodes. Preferred animal pests according to the invention are arthropods, preferably insects and arachnids, in particular insects. Insects, which are of particular relevance for crops, are typically referred to as crop insect pests.

[0218] The term "crop" refers to both, growing and harvested crops.

[0219] The term “plant” includes cereals, e.g. durum and other wheat, rye, barley, triticale, oats, rice, or maize (fodder maize and sugar maize I sweet and field corn); beet, e.g. sugar beet, or fodder beet; fruits, e.g. pomes, stone fruits, or soft fruits, e.g. apples, pears, plums, peaches, nectarines, almonds, cherries, papayas, strawberries, raspberries, blackberries or gooseberries; leguminous plants, e.g. beans, lentils, peas, alfalfa, or soybeans; oil plants, e.g. rapeseed (oilseed rape), turnip rape, mustard, olives, sunflowers, coconut, cocoa beans, castor oil plants, oil palms, ground nuts, or soybeans; cucurbits, e.g. squashes, pumpkins, cucumber or melons; fiber plants, e.g. cotton, flax, hemp, or jute; citrus fruit, e.g. oranges, lemons, grapefruits or man- BASF SE 241092

[0220] 39 darins; vegetables, e.g. eggplant, spinach, lettuce (e.g. iceberg lettuce), chicory, cabbage, asparagus, cabbages, carrots, onions, garlic, leeks, tomatoes, potatoes, cucurbits or sweet peppers; lauraceous plants, e.g. avocados, cinnamon, or camphor; energy and raw material plants, e.g. corn, soybean, rapeseed, sugar cane or oil palm; tobacco; nuts, e.g. walnuts; pistachios; coffee; tea; bananas; vines; hop; sweet leaf (Stevia); natural rubber plants or ornamental and forestry plants, shrubs, broad-leaved trees or evergreens, eucalyptus; turf; lawn; grass. Preferred plants include potatoes sugar beets, tobacco, wheat, rye, barley, oats, rice, corn, cotton, soybeans, rapeseed, legumes, sunflowers, coffee, or sugar cane; fruits; vines; ornamentals; or vegetables, e.g. cucumbers, tomatoes, beans or squashes. The term plant includes “cultivated plants”.

[0221] The term "cultivated plants" is to be understood as including plants which have been modified by mutagenesis or genetic engineering in order to provide a new trait to a plant or to modify an already present trait.

[0222] Mutagenesis includes techniques of random mutagenesis using X-rays or mutagenic chemicals, but also techniques of targeted mutagenesis, in order to create mutations at a specific locus of a plant genome. Targeted mutagenesis techniques frequently use oligonucleotides or proteins like CRISPR / Cas, zinc-finger nucleases, TALENs or meganucleases to achieve the targeting effect.

[0223] Genetic engineering usually uses recombinant DNA techniques to create modifications in a plant genome which under natural circumstances cannot readily be obtained by cross breeding, mutagenesis or natural recombination. Typically, one or more genes are integrated into the genome of a plant in order to add a trait or improve a trait. These integrated genes are also referred to as transgenes in the art, while plant comprising such transgenes are referred to as transgenic plants. The process of plant transformation usually produces several transformation events, which differ in the genomic locus in which a transgene has been integrated. Plants comprising a specific transgene on a specific genomic locus are usually described as comprising a specific “event”, which is referred to by a specific event name. Traits which have been introduced in plants or have been modified include in particular herbicide tolerance, insect resistance, increased yield and tolerance to abiotic conditions, like drought.

[0224] Herbicide tolerance has been created by using mutagenesis as well as using genetic engineering. Plants which have been rendered tolerant to ALS inhibitor herbicides by conventional methods of mutagenesis and breeding comprise plant varieties commercially available under the name Clearfield®.

[0225] Herbicide tolerance has been created to glyphosate, glufosinate, 2,4-D, dicamba, oxynil herbicides, like bromoxynil and ioxynil, sulfonylurea herbicides, ALS inhibitor herbicides and HPPD inhibitors, like isoxaflutole and mesotrione. BASF SE 241092

[0226] 40

[0227] Transgenes which have been used to provide herbicide tolerance traits comprise: for tolerance to glyphosate: cp4 epsps, epsps grg23ace5, mepsps, 2mepsps, gat4601 , gat4621 and goxv247, for tolerance to glufosinate: pat and bar, for tolerance to 2,4-D: aad-1 and aad-12, for tolerance to dicamba: dmo, for tolerance to oxynil herbicies: bxn, for tolerance to sulfonylurea herbicides: zm-hra, csr1-2, gm-hra, S4-HrA, for tolerance to ALS inhibitor herbicides: csr1-2, for tolerance to HPPD inhibitor herbicides: hppdPF, W336 and avhppd-03.

[0228] Transgenic corn events comprising herbicide tolerance genes are e.g., but not excluding others, DAS40278, MON801 , MON802, MON809, MON810, MON832, MON87411 , MON87419, MON87427, MON88017, MON89034, NK603, GA21 , MZHGOJG, HCEM485, VCO-01981-5, 676, 678, 680, 33121 , 4114, 59122, 98140, Bt10, Bt176, CBH-351 , DBT418, DLL25, MS3, MS6, MZIR098, T25, TC1507 and TC6275.

[0229] Transgenic soybean events comprising herbicide tolerance genes are e.g., but not excluding others, GTS 40-3-2, MON87705, MON87708, MON87712, MON87769, MON89788, A2704-12, A2704-21 , A5547-127, A5547-35, DP356043, DAS44406-6, DAS68416-4, DAS-81419-2, GU262, SYHT0H2, W62, W98, FG72 and CV127.

[0230] Transgenic cotton events comprising herbicide tolerance genes are e.g., but not excluding others, 19-51a, 31707, 42317, 81910, 281-24-236, 3006-210-23, BXN10211 , BXN10215, BXN10222, BXN10224, MON1445, MON1698, MON88701 , MON88913, GHB119, GHB614, LLCotton25, T303-3 and T304-40.

[0231] Transgenic canola events comprising herbicide tolerance genes are e.g., but not excluding others, MON88302, HCR-1 , HCN10, HCN28, HCN92, MS1 , MS8, PHYU, PHY23, PHY35, PHY36, RF1 , RF2 and RF3.

[0232] Insect resistance has mainly been created by transferring bacterial genes for insecticidal proteins to plants. Transgenes which have most frequently been used are toxin genes of Bacillus spec, and synthetic variants thereof, like cry1A, crylAb, cry1Ab-Ac, crylAc, cry1A.1O5, cry1 F, cry1 Fa2, cry2Ab2, cry2Ae, mcry3A, ecry3.1Ab, cry3Bb1 , cry34Ab1 , cry35Ab1 , cry9C, vip3A(a), vip3Aa20. However, also genes of plant origin have been transferred to other plants. In particular genes coding for protease inhibitors, like CpTI and pinll. A further approach uses transgenes in order to produce double stranded RNA in plants to target and downregulate in-sect genes. An example for such a transgene is dvsnf7.

[0233] Transgenic corn events comprising genes for insecticidal proteins or double stranded RNA are e.g., but not excluding others, Bt10, Bt11 , Bt176, MON801 , MON802, MON809, MON810, MON863, MON87411 , MON88017, MON89034, 33121 , 4114, 5307, 59122, TC1507, TC6275, CBH-351 , MIR162, DBT418 and MZIR098.

[0234] Transgenic soybean events comprising genes for insecticidal proteins are e.g., but not excluding others, MON87701 , MON87751 and DAS-81419. BASF SE 241092

[0235] 41

[0236] Transgenic cotton events comprising genes for insecticidal proteins are e.g., but not excluding others, SGK321 , MON531 , MON757, MON1076, MON15985, 31707, 31803, 31807, 31808, 42317, BNLA-601 , Eventl , COT67B, COT102, T303-3, T304-40, GFM Cry1A, GK12, MLS 9124, 281-24-236, 3006-210-23, GHB119 and SGK321.

[0237] Increased yield has been created by increasing ear biomass using the transgene athb17, being present in corn event MON87403, or by enhancing photosynthesis using the transgene bbx32, being present in the soybean event MON87712.

[0238] Cultivated plants comprising a modified oil content have been created by using the transgenes: gm-fad2-1 , Pj.D6D, Nc.Fad3, fad2-1A and fatb1-A. Soybean events comprising at least one of these genes are: 260-05, MON87705 and MON87769.

[0239] Tolerance to abiotic conditions, in particular to tolerance to drought, has been created by using the transgene cspB, comprised by the corn event MON87460 and by using the transgene Hahb- 4, comprised by soybean event IND-00410-5.

[0240] Traits are frequently combined by combining genes in a transformation event or by combining different events during the breeding process. Preferred combination of traits are herbicide tolerance to different groups of herbicides, insect tolerance to different kind of insects, in particular tolerance to lepidopteran and coleopteran insects, herbicide tolerance with one or several types of insect resistance, herbicide tolerance with increased yield as well as a combination of herbicide tolerance and tolerance to abiotic conditions.

[0241] Plants comprising singular or stacked traits as well as the genes and events providing these traits are known (http: / / www.isaaa.org / gmapprovaldatabase) and (http: / / cera- gmc.org / GMCropDatabase).

[0242] Further information on specific events and methods to detect them can be found for canola events MS1 , MS8, RF3, GT73, MON88302, KK179 in W001 / 031042, W001 / 041558, W001 / 041558, W002 / 036831 , WO11 / 153186, W013 / 003558, for cotton events MON1445, MON15985, MON531 (MON15985), LLCotton25, MON88913, COT102, 281-24-236, 3006-210- 23, COT67B, GHB614, T304-40, GHB119, MON88701 , 81910 in WO02 / 034946, W002 / 100163, W002 / 100163, W003 / 013224, WO04 / 072235, WO04 / 039986, WO05 / 103266, W005 / 103266, WO06 / 128573, W007 / 017186, W008 / 122406, W008 / 151780, WO12 / 134808, WO13 / 112527, for corn events GA21 , MON810, DLL25, TC1507, MON863, MIR604, LY038, MON88017, 3272, 59122, NK603, MIR162, MON89034, 98140, 32138, MON87460, 5307, 4114, MON87427, DAS40278, MON87411 , 33121 , MON87403, MON87419 in W098 / 044140, US02 / 102582, US03 / 126634, WO04 / 099447, W004 / 011601 , WO05 / 103301 , W005 / 061720, W005 / 059103, WO06 / 098952, WO06 / 039376, US2007 / 292854, WO07 / 142840, WO07 / 140256, WO08 / 112019, W009 / 103049, WO09 / 111263, W010 / 077816, W011 / 084621 , W011 / 062904, WO11 / 022469, WO13 / 169923, WO14 / 116854, WO15 / 053998, WO15 / 142571 , for potato events E12, F10, J3, J55, V11 , X17, Y9 in WO14 / 178910, WO14 / 178913, WO14 / 178941 , BASF SE 241092

[0243] 42

[0244] WO14 / 179276, WO16 / 183445, WO17 / 062831 , WO17 / 062825, for rice events LLRICE06, LLRICE601 , LLRICE62 in WO00 / 026345, WO00 / 026356, WO00 / 026345 for soybean events H7-1 , MON89788, A2704-12, A5547-127, DP305423, DP356043, MON87701 , MON87769, CV127, MON87705, DAS68416-4, MON87708, MON87712, SYHT0H2, DAS81419, DAS81419 x DAS44406-6, MON87751 in WO04 / 074492, WO06 / 130436, WO06 / 108674, WO06 / 108675, WO08 / 054747, W008 / 002872, WO09 / 064652, W009 / 102873, W010 / 080829, W010 / 037016, W0 11 / 066384, W011 / 034704, W012 / 051199, W012 / 082548, W013 / 016527, W013 / 016516, W0 14 / 201235.

[0245] The use of the pesticidal mixture according to the invention on cultivated plants may result in effects which are specific to a cultivated plant comprising a certain gene or event. These effects may comprise enhanced yield, enhanced resistance or tolerance to insects, nematodes, fungal, bacterial, mycoplasma, viral or viroid pathogens as well as early vigor, early or delayed ripening, cold or heat tolerance as well as changed amino acid or fatty acid spectrum or content..

[0246] All of the above cultivated plants are understood to comprise all species, subspecies, variants, varieties and / or hybrids which belong to the respective cultivated plants, including but not limited to winter and spring varieties, in particular in cereals such as wheat and barley, as well as oilseed rape, e.g. winter wheat, spring wheat, winter barley etc, further including dwarf, semidwarf and full-dwarf varieties and / or hybrids with reduced height and thicker and shorter stems, e.g. short stature corn (also called ‘smart corn’), semi-dwarf wheat and dwarf rice.

[0247] Corn (Zea mays) is also known as Indian corn or maize which comprises all kinds of corn such as field corn and sweet corn. According to the invention all maize or corn subspecies and / or varieties are comprised, in particular flour corn (Zea mays var. amylacea), popcorn (Zea mays var. everta), dent corn (Zea mays var. indentata), flint corn (Zea mays var. indurata), sweet corn (Zea mays var. saccharata and var. rugosa), waxy corn (Zea mays var. ceratina), amylomaize (high amylose Zea mays varieties), pod corn or wild maize (Zea mays var. tunicata) and striped maize (Zea mays var. japonica).

[0248] Most soybean cultivars are classifiable into indeterminate and determinate growth habit, whereas Glycine soja, the wild progenitor of soybean, is indeterminate (PNAS 2010, 107 (19) 8563-8568). The indeterminate growth habit (Maturity Group, MG 00 to MG 4.9) is charac- tenized by a continuation of vegetative growth after flowering begins whereas determinate soybean varieties (MG 5 to MG 8) characteristically have finished most of their vegetative growth when flowering begins. According to the invention all soybean cultivars or varieties are comprised, in particular indeterminate and determinate cultivars or varieties.

[0249] It has been found that the pesticidal activity of the pesticidal mixture according to the invention may be enhanced by the insecticidal trait of a modified plant. Furthermore, it has been found that the pesticidal mixture according to the invention are suitable for preventing insects to be- BASF SE 241092

[0250] 43 come resistant to the insecticidal trait or for combating pests, which already have become resistant to the insecticidal trait of a modified plant. Moreover, the pesticidal mixture according to the invention are suitable for combating pests, against which the insecticidal trait is not effective, so that a complementary insecticidal activity can advantageously be used.

[0251] The term "plant propagation material" refers to all the generative parts of the plant e.g. seeds and vegetative plant material e.g. cuttings and tubers (e.g. potatoes), which can be used for the multiplication of the plant. This includes seeds, roots, fruits, tubers, bulbs, rhizomes, shoots, sprouts and other parts of plants. Seedlings and young plants, which are to be trans-planted after germination or after emergence from soil, may also be included. These plant propagation materials may be treated prophylactically with a the pesticidal mixture compounds 1) and 2) according to the invention either at or before planting or transplanting.

[0252] The term “seed” embraces seeds and plant propagules of all kinds including but not limited to true seeds, seed pieces, suckers, corms, bulbs, fruit, tubers, grains, cuttings, cut shoots and the like, and means in a preferred embodiment true seeds.

[0253] In general, "pesticidally effective amount" means the amount of active ingredient needed to achieve an observable effect on growth, including the effects of necrosis, death, retardation, prevention, and removal, destruction, or otherwise diminishing the occurrence and activity of the target organism. The pesticidally effective amount can vary for the various compounds / composi- tions used in the invention. A pesticidally effective amount of the compositions will also vary according to the prevailing conditions e.g. desired pesticidal effect and duration, weather, target species, locus, mode of application.

[0254] In the case of soil treatment, in furrow application or of application to the pests dwelling place or nest, the quantity of active ingredient ranges from 0.0001 to 500 g per 100 m2, preferably from 0.001 to 20 g per 100 m2.

[0255] For use in treating crop plants, e.g. by foliar application, the rate of application of the active ingredients of this invention may be in the range of 0.0001 g to 4000 g per hectare, e.g. from 1 g to 2 kg per hectare or from 1 g to 750 g per hectare, desirably from 1 g to 100 g per hectare, more desirably from 10 g to 50 g per hectare, e.g., 10 to 20 g per hectare, 20 to 30 g per hectare, 30 to 40 g per hectare, or 40 to 50 g per hectare.

[0256] The pesticidal mixture according to the invention are particularly suitable for use in the treatment of seeds in order to protect the seeds from insect pests, in particular from soil-living insect pests, and the resulting seedling’s roots and shoots against soil pests and foliar insects. The invention therefore also relates to a method for the protection of seeds from insects, in particular from soil insects, and of the seedling's roots and shoots from insects, in particular from soil and foliar insects, said method comprising treating the seeds before sowing and / or after pregermination with the pesticidal mixture according to the invention. The protection of the seedling's roots BASF SE 241092

[0257] 44 and shoots is preferred. More preferred is the protection of seedling’s shoots from piercing and sucking insects, chewing insects and nematodes.

[0258] The term “seed treatment” comprises e.g. seed dressing, seed coating, seed dusting, seed soaking, seed pelleting, and in-furrow application methods. Preferably, the seed treatment application is carried out by spraying or by dusting the seeds before sowing of the plants and before emergence of the plants.

[0259] The invention also comprises seeds coated with or containing the pesticidal mixture. The term "coated with and / or containing" generally signifies that the pesticidal mixture is for the most part on the surface of the propagation product at the time of application, although a greater or lesser part of the ingredient may penetrate into the propagation product, depending on the method of application. When the said propagation product is (re)planted, it may absorb the pesticidal mixture.

[0260] Suitable seed is e.g. seed of cereals, root crops, oil crops, vegetables, spices, ornamentals, e.g. seed of durum and other wheat, barley, oats, rye, maize (fodder maize and sugar maize I sweet and field corn), soybeans, oil crops, crucifers, cotton, sunflowers, bananas, rice, oilseed rape, turnip rape, sugarbeet, fodder beet, eggplants, potatoes, grass, lawn, turf, fodder grass, tomatoes, leeks, pumpkin / squash, cabbage, iceberg lettuce, pepper, cucumbers, melons, Brassica species, melons, beans, peas, garlic, onions, carrots, tuberous plants e.g. potatoes, sugar cane, tobacco, grapes, petunias, geranium / pelargoniums, pansies and impatiens.

[0261] In addition, the pesticidal mixture may also be used for the treatment of seeds from plants, which have been modified by mutagenisis or genetic engineering, and which e.g. tolerate the action of herbicides or fungicides or insecticides.

[0262] In the treatment of seed, the application rates of the compounds 1) and 2) are generally from 0.1 g to 10 kg per 100 kg of seed, preferably from 1 g to 5 kg per 100 kg of seed, more preferably from 1 g to 1000 g per 100 kg of seed and in particular from 1 g to 200 g per 100 kg of seed, e.g. from 1 g to 100 g or from 5 g to 100 g per 100 kg of seed.

[0263] The invention therefore also relates to seed comprising the pesticidal mixture as defined herein. The amount of the pesticidal mixture will in general vary from 0.1 g to 10 kg per 100 kg of seed, preferably from 1 g to 5 kg per 100 kg of seed, in particular from 1 g to 1000 g per 100 kg of seed. For specific crops e.g. lettuce the rate can be higher.

[0264] The mixtures of the present invention may also be used for improving the health of a plant. Therefore, the present invention also relates to a method for improving plant health by treating a plant, plant propagation material and / or the locus where the plant is growing or is to grow with an effective and non-phytotoxic amount of a mixture of the present invention.

[0265] As used herein “an effective and non-phytotoxic amount” means that the mixture is used in a quantity which allows to obtain the desired effect but which does not give rise to any phytotoxic symptom on the treated plant or on the plant grown from the treated propagule or treated soil. BASF SE 241092

[0266] 45

[0267] The terms “plant” and “plant propagation material” are defined above.

[0268] "Plant health" is defined as a condition of the plant and / or its products which is determined by several aspects alone or in combination with each other such as yield (for example increased biomass and / or increased content of valuable ingredients), quality (for example improved content or composition of certain ingredients or shelf life), plant vigour (for example improved plant growth and / or greener leaves (“greening effect”), tolerance to abiotic (for example drought) and / or biotic stress (for example disease) and production efficiency (for example, harvesting efficiency, processability).

[0269] The above identified indicators for the health condition of a plant may be interdependent and may result from each other. Each indicator is defined in the art and can be determined by methods known to a skilled person.

[0270] The mixtures of the invention are also suitable for use against non-crop insect pests. For use against said non-crop pests, mixtures of the present invention can be used as bait composition, gel, general insect spray, aerosol, as ultra-low volume application and bed net (impregnated or surface applied). Furthermore, drenching and rodding methods can be used.

[0271] As used herein, the term “non-crop insect pest” refers to pests, which are particularly relevant for non-crop targets, such as ants, termites, wasps, flies, ticks, mosquitos, crickets, or cockroaches.

[0272] Examples

[0273] The invention is now illustrated in further details by the following examples.

[0274] Synergism can be described as an interaction where the combined effect of two or more compounds is greater than the sum of the individual effects of each of the compounds (zero-interaction). To quantify the degree of drug synergy, several models have been proposed, such as those based on the Highest single agent model (HAS, or Gaddum additivity) (Berenbaum, 1989), the Loewe additivity model (Loewe, 1953) and the Bliss independence model (Bliss, 1939).

[0275] In the present case, the two mixing partners are acting mutually non-exclusively active, i.e. the Bliss independence model seems to be most appropriate to describe the zero-interaction effect (Greco et al., 1992), where yBLiss is the expected effect based on the single effects of compound yi and y2, respectively. yBLiss = yi + y2- y-,y2

[0276] An R-script called “syngergyfinder” based on the model above was published by

[0277] He, L. et al. (2018). The latest up-date was published by: Zheng S, Wang W, Aldahdooh J, Malyutina A, Shadbahr T, Tanoli Z, Pessia A, Tang J (2022). “SynergyFinder Plus: Toward Bet- BASF SE 241092

[0278] 46 ter Interpretation and Annotation of Drug Combination Screening Datasets.” Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics, 20(3):587-596. https: / / doi.Org / 10.1016 / j.gpb.2022.01.004. It can be also downloaded from Bioconductor.org: https: / / bioconductor.orq / packaqes / release / bioc / html / synerqyfinder.html

[0279] The following tests demonstrate the control efficacy of compounds, mixtures or compositions of this invention on specific pests. However, the pest control protection afforded by the compounds, mixtures or compositions is not limited to these species. In certain instances, combinations of a compound of this invention with other invertebrate pest control compounds or agents are found to exhibit synergistic effects against certain important invertebrate pests.

[0280] Table 1. Components of mixtures tested including their IRAC classifications (Mode of Action)

[0281] All mixtures contained two components with a different mode of action (IRAC class) and are therefore analyzed best, following the Bliss model.

[0282] Example-1 : Control of Myzus persicae

[0283] For the data analysis, for each mixture - test insect combination a matrix of 10 x 8 dose combinations of mixture component A and B was selected from a microtiter plate containing 96 dose combinations, in a way that sigmoid dose response curves could be fitted well for the solo mixture components. Different doses of the mixtures described in table 1 were sprayed into 96-well microtiter plates containing different test insect species.

[0284] For evaluating control of green peach aphid Myzus persicae) through systemic means the test unit consisted of 96-well-microtiter plates containing liquid artificial diet under an artificial membrane. The compounds or mixtures were formulated using a solution containing 75% water and BASF SE 241092

[0285] 47

[0286] 25% DMSO. Different concentrations of formulated compounds or mixtures were pipetted into the aphid diet, using a custom built pipetter. For experimental mixtures in these tests, identical volumes of both mixing partners at the desired concentrations respectively, were mixed together. Mixture applications were replicated 4 times into 4 separate microtiter plates.After appli- cation, 5 - 8 adult aphids were placed on the artificial membrane inside the microtiter plate wells. The aphids were then allowed to suck on the treated aphid diet and incubated at 23 + 1 °C, 50 + 5 % relative humidity for 3 days. Aphid mortality and fecundity was then visually assessed and given a score (0, 50, or 100% control effect). Data for mixtures are presented in tables 2 (Mixture A) and 3 (Mixture B).

[0287] Table 2. Observed and expected (based on the Bliss model) control (%) for single components and combined components in mixture A BASF SE 241092

[0288] 48

[0289] Table 3. Observed and expected (based on the Bliss model) control (%) for single components and combined components in mixture B

[0290] Example-2: Control of Euschistus heros

[0291] Soybean crops were grown on several plots of land in southern Brazil to a growth stage of 67- 69 BBCH. Natural initial infestation with E. heros was ascertained to be at least 4 insects per plot at the beginning of the trial. To analyze in-field control of E. heros, plots were treated with the commercial product Efficon containing 120 g / l of dimpropyridaz, the commercial product Perito 970 SG containing 970 g / l of acephate, or with a tank mixture of both products. The final application rate with dimpropyridaz was 80 gramms per hectare, and / or 970 gramms I hectare of acephate. Soybean methyl ester was added in a concentration of 0.5 % (vol. / vol.) to the tank mixture. Plot size was 30 m2each. The number of repetions of the trial was four. Spray volume was 150 liter per hectare. Plots were treated twice with a time gap of seven days. Insects were counted by using the “vertical shake cloth” method, as described in

[0292] Efficiency of beating cloth in sampling for soybean insect pests in different row spacing and cultivars, Glauber Renato Stiirmer et al., Ciencias Agrarias, Londrina, v. 35, n. 3, p. 1177-1186, maio / jun. 2014, DOI: 10.5433 / 1679-0359.2014v35n3p1177, page 1180, Figure 1 , option C. Control rate of insects compared to an untreated plot of land was determined three days after the second treatment. Table 4 contains the collected data.

[0293] Table 4. Observed and expected (based on the Bliss model) control (%) for single components and combined components in mixture C

[0294] Example-3: Control of Bemisia tabaci

[0295] The active compound dilutions were prepared in 1 :1 acetone: water diluent + 0.01% (v / v) Kinetic® non-ionic organosilicone-based spray adjuvant to the intended use rates. Active compound rates were prepared by measuring technical grade active ingredient (TGAI) for each individual treatment. Solutions were prepared to a maximum final volume of up to 400 mL based on BASF SE 241092

[0296] 49 product measurement (weight). Treatments were conducted as foliar dip application onto cotton pre-infested with B. tabaci eggs. Adult silverleaf whitefly were obtained from laboratory established colony reared on cotton cotyledons. For pre-infestation establishment of eggs, mixed sex adults, ~1-4 days old, were infested onto two true leaf cotton, BBCH 12, for 24 hours prior to treatment. 4 plants per treatment were held together inside mesh insect cages providing ~200- 400 adult whiteflies per cage or ~50-100 adults per plant. Colony infested cotyledons were placed at the base of each test plant to support even distribution. Prior to dip treatment all adults were removed from the cotton, BBCH 12, using a positive air source within a laboratory fume hood.

[0297] Cotton plants, pre-infested with eggs, one plant per pot, were dipped into the respective treatment solutions for 3 seconds. The plants then remained in the application fume hood until completely dry, approximately 30 minutes. Plants were then transferred to a holding room walk-in chamber set to 25 °C, 50% relative humidity and 14:10 dark-light cycle. Effectiveness of treatment was evaluated ~13 days after treatment by observing the number of viable red-eye nymphs that developed on each plant. Observed data was collected and the control rates were calculated by comparison with the mean count of the untreated control, in this case the solvent blank. Table 5 contains the collected data.

[0298] Table 5. Observed and expected (based on the Bliss model) control (%) for single components and combined components in mixture D

Claims

BASF SE 24109250Claims:1 . Pesticidal composition comprising as active components1) 1-[(1RS)-1 ,2-dimethylpropyl]-N-ethyl-5-methyl-N-pyridazin-4-yl-1 H-pyrazole-4-carbox- amide (common name dimpropyridaz) of formula I:or a stereoisomer, tautomer, salt, or N-oxide thereof; and2) at least one insecticidal compound B selected fromB1) inhibitors of the chitin biosynthesis type 1 : buprofezin;B2) nAChR agonists: flupyrimin, cycloxaprid, 1-[(2-chlorothiazol-5-yl)methyl]-3-(3,5- dimethylisoxazol-4-yl)pyrido[1 ,2-a]pyrimidine-2, 4-dione, triflumezopyrim, di- cloromezotiaz;B3) unknown mode of action: 5-((1 R,3R)-3-(3,5-Bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-2,2-dichlo- rocyclopropane-1-carboxamido)-2-chloro-N-(3-(2,2-difluoroacetamido)-2,4-difluor- ophenyl)benzamid , metoxadiazone, sulfiflumin, flupentiofenox, cyclobutriflu- ramtrifluenfuronate, 2-(3-ethylsulfonyl-2-pyridyl)-5-(2, 2,3,3, 3-pentafluoro- propoxy)pyrazine, bisulflufen, isoflualanam, tiapyrachlor, bentioflumin, flumet- nicam, 1-[6-(2,2-difluoro-8-oxo-[1 ,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]chromen-7-yl)-5-ethylsulfonyl-3- pyridyl]cyclopropanecarbonitrile, 2-chloro-N-[(1S)-2-ethyl-1-methyl-butyl]furan-3- carboxamide, galquin, fluhexafon;B5) AChE inhibitors: acephate, chlorpyrifos, diazinon, dichlorvos, dimethoate, fos- thiazate, phorate, phosmet, phoxim, profenophos, malathion, benfuracarb, carbaryl, carbofuran, carbosulfan, fenobucarb, isoprocarb, methiocarb, methomyl, oxamyl, pirimicarb, thiodicarb;B6) ryanodine receptor- modulators: tetrachlorantraniliprole, fluchlordiniliprole, ti- orantraniliprole;B7) sodium channel modulators: heptafluthrin;B8) mitochondrial complex II electron transport inhibitors: cyetpyrafen;B9) inhibitors of the of acetyl CoA carboxylase: spirobudifen, spidoxamat;B11) piperflanilide, nicofluprole, cyproflanilide,,B12) juvenile hormone mimics: pyriproxyfen;B13) voltage-dependent sodium channel blockers: metaflumizone, indoxacarb;B20) flupyroxystrobin or at least one fungicidal compound C selected fromBASF SE 24109251C1) compounds with unknown mode of action: flufenoxadiazam, flumetylsulforim, seboctylamine, aminopyrifen, bromothalonil, N-[(1 R)-1-benzyl-1 ,3-di-methylbutyl]- 8-fluoroquinoline-3-carboxamide, N-[(1S)-1-benzyl-1 ,3-dimethylbutyl]-8- fluoro-quinoline-3-carboxamide, 6-chloro-3-(3-cyclopropyl-2-fluoro-phenoxy)-N- [2-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-2,2-difluoro-ethyl]-5-methyl-pyri-dazine-4-carboxamide, 3- (3-bromo-2-fluoro-phenoxy)-6-chloro-N-[2-(2-chloro-4-methyl-phenyl)-2,2- difluoro-ethyl]-5-methyl-pyridazine-4-carboxamide, 6-chloro-N-[2-(2-chloro-4-me- thyl-phenyl)-2,2-difluoro-ethyl]-3-(3-cyclopropyl-2-fluoro-phenoxy)-5-methyl-pyri- dazine-4-carboxamide, 6-chloro-3-(3-cyclopropyl-2-fluoro-phenoxy)-N-[2-(3,4-di- methylphenyl)-2,2-difluoro-ethyl]-5-methyl-pyridazine-4-carboxamide, 6-chloro-3- (3-chloro-2-fluoro-phenoxy)-N-[2-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-2,2-difluoro-ethyl]-5- meth-yl-pyridazine-4-carboxamide, N-[2-(2-bromo-4-methyl-phenyl)-2,2-difluoro- ethyl]-6-chloro-3-(3-cyclopropyl-2-fluoro-phenoxy)-5-methyl-pyridazine-4-carbox- amide, N'-[4-(4,5-dichlorothiazol-2-yl)oxy-2,5-dimethyl-phenyl]-N-ethyl-N-methyl- formamidine, feneptamidoquin, methyl (E)-3-methoxy-2-[(2-methyl-5 phenyl-phe- nyl)-methyl]prop-2-enoate;C2) complex III at Qi site: metarylpicoxamid;C3) complex II (SDHI): cyclobutrifluram;C4) cytoskeleton and motor protein (B): phenamacril, fluopimomide;C5) multi-site activity: zinc thiazole;C6) complex III at Qosite: methyl N-[[5-[1-(2,6-difluoro-4-isopropyl-phenyl)pyrazol-3- yl]-2-methyl-phenyl]methyl]carbamate, methyl N-[[5-[1 -(4-cyclopropyl-2,6-difluoro- phenyl)pyrazol-3-yl]-2-methyl-phenyl]methyl]carbamate; or at least one biopesticidal compound D selected fromD1) Microbial pesticides: Paenibacillus sp., Bacillus velezensis,D2) Biochemical pesticides: eugenol, tea tree oil, geraniol, thymol, chlorflavonin, cin- namaldehyde, jojoba oil, pinene, terpinene, carvacrol, 3-caren, p-cymene, polyglycerin fatty acid esters, garlic oil, salts of fatty acids (e.g. C7-C18 and C18 unsaturated potassium salts; capric acid, caprylic acid, lauric acid, oleic acid), lemongrass oil, oregano oil, soybean oil, thyme oil, fatty acids (e.g. oleic acid, decanoic acid, octanoic acid), fatty acid methyl esters (methyl octanoate, methyl decanoate), linseed oil, matrine, clove oil, mint oil (e.g. peppermint oil), sunflower oil, canola oil, peanut oil, pine oil, cedarwood oil, eucalyptus oil, rosemary oil, camphor oil, glycerin acetate fatty acid ester, wherein component 1) and component 2) are present in a weight ratio of from 1000:1 to 1 :1000.

2. The composition of claim 1 or 2 comprising one compound 1) and one compound 2).BASF SE 241092523. The composition of any of claims 1 to 3 wherein component 2) is selected from insecticidal compounds B).

4. The composition of claim 3, wherein component 2) is spidoxamat.

5. The composition of claim 3, wherein component 2) is acephate.

6. The composition of claim 3, wherein component 2) is pyriproxyfen.

7. The composition of claim 3, wherein component 2) is 5-((1 R,3R)-3-(3,5-Bis(trifluorome- thyl)phenyl)-2,2-dichlorocyclopropane-1-carboxamido)-2-chloro-N-(3-(2,2-difluoroacetam- ido)-2,4-difluorophenyl)benzamid.

8. The composition of any of claims 1 to 2 wherein component 2) is selected from biopesti- cidal compounds D).

9. The composition of claim 6, wherein component 2) is P. polymyxa.

10. The composition of claim 6, wherein component 2) is B. a. ssp. plantarum or B. velezensis MBI600.

11. The composition of any of the preceding claims, comprising the compound 1) and the compound 2) in a weight ratio of from 500:1 to 1 :500.

12. The composition according to any of the preceding claims comprising at least one inert liquid and / or solid carrier and, if desired, at least one surfactant.

13. A method for combating or controlling invertebrate pests, which method comprises contacting said pest or its food supply, habitat or breeding grounds with a pesticidally effective amount of a pesticidal composition as defined in any one of claims 1 to 11 .

14. A method for protecting growing plants or plant propagation materials from attack or infestation by invertebrate pests, which method comprises contacting a plant, a plant propagation material or soil or water in which the plant is growing, with a pesticidally effective amount of a pesticidal composition as defined in any one of claims 1 to 11 .

15. The use of a pesticidal composition as defined in any one of claims 1 to 11 for protecting growing plants or plant propagation material from attack or infestation by invertebrate pests.

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