A construction system comprising multifunctional load-bearing column-walls and floors

Abstract

The disclosure relates to a construction system comprising a plurality of load‑bearing column‑walls, which are connected and serve multiple functions including as walls, columns, beams, and braces. Load‑bearing floors are connected to the load-bearing column‑walls and define distinct stories. In this construction system, beams are not required on each floor; however, in some exemplary embodiments, horizontal beams may be used on at least one floor. In some exemplary embodiments, load-bearing column‑walls are formed from structural sections. In some other exemplary embodiments, a load‑bearing column‑wall comprises a sheet that is bent in multiple steps to form two outer layers and intermediate connecting layers. In some other exemplary embodiments, a load‑bearing column‑wall comprises at least one profiled sheet that is connected to at least one another profiled sheet or at least one flat sheet, such that internal channels are formed.

Description

DescriptionTitle of Invention: i A Construction System Comprising Multifunctional Load-Bearing Column-Walls and FloorsTechnical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of structural engineering, and more particularly, to a construction system comprising multifunctional load-bearing column walls and floors.Background Art

[0002] In the construction of mid-rise and high-rise buildings, towers, and skyscrapers, a two-part structural system consisting of frames and non-loadbearing infill walls is commonly used.

[0003] Recently, modular buildings have been introduced, composed of stackable modules whose structures are connected together. These systems have structural discontinuities at each story, leading to increased connection costs and reduced efficiency. As a result, they face limitations not only in high-rise construction but also in some mid-rise buildings. Additionally, their architectural design follows predefined unit configurations, resulting in limited flexibility.

[0004] There are also LSF (Light Steel Frame), CFS (Cold-Formed Steel), and wooden structures, which are primarily used for buildings with fewer than five stories. While some manufacturers claim that these systems can support up to ten stories, they are generally used for low-rise buildings.

[0005] In the past, multi-story buildings were constructed using pressed bricks, but for several reasons, this method has been phased out of the construction industry.Summary of Invention

[0006] The disclosure relates to a construction system, comprising a plurality of loadbearing column-walls, which are connected and serve multiple functions, including as walls, columns, beams, and braces. Load-bearing floors are connected to the load-bearing column-walls and define distinct stories.

[0007] In this construction system, there is no need for beams on each floor, as the load-bearing column-walls are connected to each other, and load-bearing floorsare installed on their surface, forming an integrated structure. However, in some exemplary embodiments, horizontal beams may be used on at least one floor, disrupting the continuity of the load-bearing column-walls.

[0008] Three types of exemplary load-bearing column-walls are described herein, although the construction system is not limited to the specific types mentioned.

[0009] In some exemplary embodiments, a plurality of load-bearing column-walls with internal channels comprises structural sections that are connected and serve multiple functions, including as walls, columns, beams, and braces.

[0010] In some exemplary embodiments, a plurality of load-bearing column-walls connect together and serve multiple functions, including as walls, columns, beams, and braces, wherein each load-bearing column-wall comprises a sheet that is bent in multiple steps to form two outer layers and intermediate connecting layers.

[0011] In some exemplary embodiments, a plurality of load-bearing column-walls connect together and serve multiple functions, including as walls, columns, beams, and braces, wherein each load-bearing column-wall comprises at least one profiled sheet that is connected to at least one another profiled sheet or at least one flat sheet, such that internal channels are formed.

[0012] In some exemplary embodiments, any of the described load-bearing columnwalls are arranged to form a load-bearing floor.

[0013] In some exemplary embodiments, any of the described load-bearing columnwalls are configured to serve as a load-bearing floor and function as a radiator for heating, cooling, or both.

[0014] In some exemplary embodiments, at least part of at least one load-bearing column-wall or floor contains a filling material.

[0015] In some exemplary embodiments, the load-bearing column-walls are connected with an interlocking joint.

[0016] In some exemplary embodiments, the load-bearing column-walls are connected in a staggered arrangement.

[0017] In some exemplary embodiments, within at least part of at least one loadbearing column-wall or floor, a liquid is stored for any of the purposes ofcontrolling the internal ambient temperature, controlling the temperature of the structure, fire extinguishing, insulation, dew collection due to temperature differences with the external environment, or any combination thereof.

[0018] In some exemplary embodiments, at least one load-bearing column-wall or floor further comprises a suction system for smoke, hazardous gases, or both, such that upon detecting smoke or hazardous gases, valves in at least one column-wall or load-bearing floor open, directing the smoke or hazardous gas through channels in the structure to exit the building.

[0019] In some exemplary embodiments, at least one surface of a load-bearing column-wall or floor further comprises a finishing layer that contributes to structural strength and participates in the load-bearing function.Technical Problem

[0020] Major Issues in the Construction Industry Include:

[0021] 1 . Mixing concrete with steel results in reinforced concrete. Reinforced concrete buildings can withstand only a very limited duration of repeated seismic shocks.

[0022] 2. The use of masonry materials such as bricks, concrete blocks, plaster, natural stones, and any material with relatively high density. These materials increase the need for a heavier and more expensive structure.

[0023] 3. The frame-and-infill wall system is often adversely affected by the unintended stiffness of non-load-bearing walls, which negatively impacts overall structural performance. Various modifications, such as reinforced infill panels or flexible connections between the frame and infill, have been introduced to address this issue. However, these solutions have not effectively mitigated the problem. During an earthquake, the unintended stiffness of non-load-bearing walls induces structural torsion, leading to the collapse of the building.

[0024] 4. Traditional buildings are susceptible to various construction errors, often arising from inconsistencies in design, material quality, or the construction process itself.

[0025] 5. The main limitation of the LSF (Light Steel Frame) and similar systems is height restriction. Wooden buildings, in addition to this limitation, are also highly flammable and increase fire risks.

[0026] 6. Existing modular systems face the challenge of discontinuity in columns and beams between floors, leading to increased connection costs and imposing height limitations, typically capping the structure at around ten stories.

[0027] 7. Conventional construction systems are mostly non-dismountable.Solution to Problem

[0028] To solve the mentioned technical problems, the proposed solution is a construction system comprising load-bearing column-walls that replace non-loadbearing walls, columns, beams, and braces. This system also enables floor construction using a method similar to that of load-bearing column-walls.

[0029] Since the components of the load-bearing column-walls and floors in this building system are typically made of relatively thin steel sheets and sections, the structure is significantly lightweight. Additionally, by maximizing load distribution through load-bearing column-walls, the required foundation volume can be significantly reduced. Furthermore, the internal channels of the structure can accommodate building services, such as plumbing, electrical wiring, and HVAC systems. For insulation, low-density panels can be installed on the surfaces of load-bearing column-walls and floors.Advantageous Effects of Invention

[0030] Multi-functional Use of Column-Walls: The most significant advantage of this invention is the multi-functionality of the column-walls. They serve as walls, columns, beams, and braces, and may also function as ducts, vents, chutes, and pathways for water, wastewater, and other building systems.

[0031] Highly Optimized Foundation: Due to maximum load distribution through the presence of load-bearing column-walls and a significant reduction in additional dead loads, the required foundation volume is minimized.

[0032] Reduced Floor Weight: Lighter floor structures result in significant cost savings.

[0033] Thermal Transfer Capability: In addition to their load-bearing function, the floors can also serve as radiators for heating and cooling.

[0034] Thermal Expansion Compatibility: The floors and column-walls are typically designed to have matching thermal expansion coefficients.

[0035] High Construction Speed: The system allows for significantly faster construction.

[0036] Various-Weather Construction Feasibility: Construction activities can proceed smoothly even under unfavorable weather conditions.

[0037] Elimination of Frame and Infill Wall Compatibility Issues: The structural issue of performance mismatch between the frame and infill walls is resolved.

[0038] Strong Structural Integration: The main structural components are highly integrated.

[0039] Precision and Minimal Finishing Requirements: The structure is perfectly level, minimizing execution errors in both the structure and walls. As a result, traditional plastering, such as gypsum or cement, is unnecessary. All finishing materials can be directly adhered to the structure without additional materials.

[0040] Simplified Finishing Work: Finishing tasks can be performed by semi-skilled or even completely untrained workers.Brief Description of Drawings

[0041] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings in which like reference numbers indicate the same or similar elements and in which:

[0042] Fig. 1 A is a front view of a plurality of load-bearing column-walls comprising structural sections mounted on a chassis.

[0043] Fig. 1 B is a front view of a load-bearing column-wall comprising structural sections mounted on a chassis.

[0044] Fig. 1 C is a front view of a plurality of load-bearing column-walls comprising structural sections connected horizontally.

[0045] Fig. 1 D is a front view of a load-bearing column-wall comprising structural sections connected vertically, horizontally, and inclined.

[0046] Figs. 2A to 2S show top views of load-bearing column-walls, each depicting a specific structural section.

[0047] Fig. 3A is a front view of load-bearing column-walls comprising structural sections, and a flexible structural section to decrease structural stiffness.

[0048] Fig. 3B is a top view of load-bearing column-walls in Fig. 3A in their normal state.

[0049] Fig. 3C is a top view of load-bearing column-walls in Fig. 3A when the flexible structural section is deformed temporarily to absorb shocks.

[0050] Fig. 3D illustrates the exemplary placement of flexible structural sections designed to reduce structural stiffness in a building.

[0051] Fig. 4A is a top view of a load-bearing column-wall comprising structural sections, and an interlocking joint to connect two column-walls.

[0052] Fig. 4B is a top view of two load-bearing column-walls of Fig. 4A connected side by side with an interlocking joint.

[0053] Fig. 4C is a magnified view of the interlocking joint between the load-bearing column-walls shown in Fig. 4B.

[0054] Fig. 4D is a top view of the load-bearing column-walls in Fig. 4B with parts of the interlocking joint temporarily deformed to absorb shocks.

[0055] Fig. 4E is a magnified view of the interlocking joint of load-bearing columnwalls shown in Fig. 4D.

[0056] Fig. 5A is a top view of a load-bearing column-wall comprising a sheet bent in multiple steps to form two outer layers and intermediate connecting layers.

[0057] Fig. 5B is a top view of two load-bearing column-walls of Fig. 5A connected side by side with an interlocking joint.

[0058] Fig. 5C is a top view of a load-bearing column-wall connected to the middle of another load-bearing column-wall with an interlocking joint.

[0059] Fig. 5D is a top view of two load-bearing column-walls connected on corner.

[0060] Figs. 5E to 5G show top views of a load-bearing column-wall in curved shapes.

[0061] Fig. 5H is a perspective view of two profiled sheets.

[0062] Fig. 5I is a perspective view of the profiled sheets in Fig. 5H connected together, creating a load-bearing column-wall.

[0063] Fig. 5J is a top view of the load-bearing column-wall of Fig. 5I.

[0064] Fig. 5K is a top view of an exemplary load-bearing column-wall comprising a profiled sheet connected to a flat sheet.

[0065] Fig. 5L is a top view of an exemplary load-bearing column-wall comprising a profiled sheet connected to two flat sheets.

[0066] Fig. 5M is a top view of an exemplary embodiment illustrating the steps of bending a sheet to form two outer layers and intermediate connecting layers, with arrows indicating each step.

[0067] Fig. 6A is a load-bearing floor comprising structural sections, with straps to be connected to load-bearing column-walls.

[0068] Fig. 6B illustrates a load-bearing floor comprising structural sections, with straps used for connection to load-bearing column-walls, and functioning as a heating and cooling radiator.

[0069] Fig. 6C is a side view of a load-bearing floor, with straps and fasteners.

[0070] Fig. 6D is a perspective view of a load-bearing column-wall or floor with a mesh attached to it using screws, ready for a hardening finishing material to be poured, thereby adding the strength of the finishing layer to the structure.

[0071] Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a building comprising load-bearing columnwalls connected together, supported by a chassis placed on foundation columns.Description of Embodiments

[0072] The following detailed description is merely exemplary and is not intended to limit the described embodiments or the applications and uses of the described embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein, including those illustrated in the accompanying drawings, are merely exemplary and should not be considered limiting. Specific dimensions and other physical characteristics are provided for illustrative purposes only, and variations can be implemented without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

[0073] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. As used in the specification and the appended claims, terms in the singular and the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well as the singular forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” or “comprising” specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof.

[0074] As used herein, the term "column-wall" is used merely for descriptive purposes and does not impose any limitation on the scope of the invention. The term may be replaced with "load-bearing panel" or any other expression that conveys the concept presented in this disclosure.

[0075] As used herein, the term “load-bearing floor” refers to a floor structure that is designed to support loads beyond its own weight, including live loads, dead loads, and dynamic forces, and may integrate structural or functional components.

[0076] As used herein, the term “profiled sheet” refers to a sheet material with any predefined shape, including but not limited to trapezoidal, ribbed, or perforated profiles, which may serve structural, aesthetic, or functional purposes.

[0077] As used herein, the term “chassis” refers to the framework or structure on which load-bearing column-walls are mounted.

[0078] The disclosure relates to a construction system, comprising a plurality of loadbearing column-walls, which are connected and serve multiple functions, including as walls, columns, beams, and braces. Load-bearing floors are connected to the load-bearing column-walls and define distinct stories.

[0079] In this construction system, there is no need for beams on each floor, as the load-bearing column-walls are connected to each other, and load-bearing floors are installed on their surface, forming an integrated structure. However, in some exemplary embodiments, horizontal beams may be used on at least one floor, disrupting the continuity of the load-bearing column-walls.

[0080] In some exemplary embodiments, non-load-bearing walls may be used to partition or define interior spaces, without affecting the load-bearing function of the construction system.

[0081] Three types of exemplary column-walls are described herein, although the construction system is not limited to the specific types mentioned.

[0082] 1 : In some exemplary embodiments, load-bearing column-walls comprise structural sections. Figs. 1 A to 1 D show front views of some exemplary embodiments of these load-bearing column-walls, while Figs. 2A to 2S show top views of such column-walls, each depicting a specific structural section. The structural sections can be square (6), rectangular (7), trapezoidal (8), Z-shaped (9), l-shaped (10), U-shaped (11 ), triangular (12), parallelogram (13), circular (14), elliptical (15), or any other cross-sectional shape. The arrangement of these structural sections can be vertical (1 ), horizontal (4), or inclined (5).

[0083] In some exemplary embodiments, the structural sections are connected in a staggered arrangement, typically for aesthetic purposes, as illustrated in Figs. 2C, 2D, 2F, 2G, 2L, 2M, 20, 2Q, and 2S.

[0084] The connection of the structural sections can be achieved in various ways. For instance, they can be welded together. Another method is to position them next to each other and attach them using straps by bolting or riveting. Structural adhesive can also be used to connect the structural sections.

[0085] In some cases, the structural sections can be pre-connected in the factory and delivered to the project site as panels, where they are then connected together, or the entire construction process can be carried out on-site from the beginning.

[0086] Fig. 3A shows an exemplary embodiment of load-bearing column-walls in which a more flexible structural section (17) is placed between two other structural sections to control the rigidity of the structure. This structural section may have a greater length, smaller thickness, different material, or any combination thereof compared to the other sections, allowing it to absorb vibrations through slight deformation due to its increased flexibility. It can also be filled with a flexible material that prevents permanent deformation after the vibrations. Fig. 3B is a top view of the load-bearing column-walls shown in Fig.3A in their normal state, while Fig. 3C shows the load-bearing column-walls when the flexible structural section (17) has temporarily deformed. Fig. 3D shows an exemplary embodiment of the location of the flexible structural section within an exemplary building (18), where the shock absorption function is effectively served. In this example, the flexible structural section is placed both within the load-bearing column-walls and floors.

[0087] Fig. 4A shows an exemplary embodiment of a load-bearing column-wall featuring male (20) and female (19) interlocking components. In this configuration, the interlocking of the column-walls enhances structural integrity.

[0088] Fig. 4B shows an exemplary embodiment of two load-bearing column-walls from Fig. 4A connected side by side. Fig. 4C provides an enlarged view of the joint between the two load-bearing column-walls shown in Fig. 4B.

[0089] Fig. 4D shows the two load-bearing column-walls shown in Fig. 4B, where the male (20) and female (19) interlocking components have temporarily deformed to absorb shocks. Fig. 4E shows an enlarged view of the joint between the two column-walls in the state shown in Fig. 4D.

[0090] In another exemplary embodiment, all structural sections can be connected using interlocking joints.

[0091] 2: In some exemplary embodiments, a load-bearing column-wall comprises a sheet (21 ) that is bent in multiple steps to form two outer layers and inclined intermediate connecting layers, thereby forming contiguous triangular crosssections, as shown in Fig. 5A.

[0092] Additionally, the two bending points at the vertices of the triangles (22) can be welded, creating a stronger column-wall. Before welding, a desired curve can be applied according to the architectural plan, as shown in Figs. 5E to 5G.

[0093] Fig. 5M shows an exemplary embodiment of the steps for bending sheet (21 ). Arrow (40) indicates the first bend, which then progresses through subsequent bends to form the desired shape.

[0094] 3: In some exemplary embodiments, a load-bearing column-wall comprises at least one profiled sheet connected to at least one other profiled sheet or at least one flat sheet, forming internal channels. The connection of two profiled sheets ora profiled sheet with one or two flat sheets on one or both sides can be made using bolts, screws, or rivets. Insulation can also be placed between the components. Metal bolts, screws, or rivets with an insulated sheath, as well as FRP (fiber-reinforced polymer) fasteners, can also be used.

[0095] Fig. 5H shows an exemplary embodiment of two profiled sheets (24), and Fig. 51 shows the column-wall formed by their connection. Fig. 5J shows the top view of the column-wall in Fig. 51.

[0096] Fig. 5K shows a top view of an exemplary column-wall comprising a profiled sheet (38) connected to a flat sheet (39).

[0097] Fig. 5L shows a top view of an exemplary column-wall comprising a profiled sheet (38) connected to two flat sheets (39).

[0098] For connecting two column-walls that comprise sheets, various connection types can be used, such as interlocking joints (23), welding, or straps. Fig. 5C shows an exemplary embodiment of the connection of a column-wall to the middle of another column-wall. Fig. 5D shows an exemplary embodiment of two column-walls at a corner. These methods can also be used for connecting other types of column-walls.

[0099] In some exemplary embodiments, at least one internal channel (25) within a load-bearing column-wall is fully or partially filled. This applies to other types of column-walls, too. For example, concrete can be poured into the internal channels of the lower-story column-walls to improve their resistance to overturning forces, such as wind. Additionally, in security-sensitive locations, the channels can be filled to prevent unauthorized access by cutting into the columnwalls.

[0100] In some exemplary embodiments, intermediate connector pieces (2) are used for vertically connecting the load-bearing column-walls. For example, part of a hollow structural section, with a cross-section similar to the internal channels of the load-bearing column-walls, is placed inside the internal channel of the lower column-wall, and the other part is placed inside the internal channel of the upper column-wall, being securely fastened to both. This method connects two columnwalls vertically via their internal channels. If the column-walls are produced in a factory, the intermediate connector piece (2) can be placed on one side of acolumn-wall, and the other part of the connector (2) will enter the adjacent column-wall during installation and be securely fastened. In the column-walls of Fig. 3A, the intermediate connector piece within the lateral internal channel of the column-wall is a channel section (16), designed to facilitate the sliding of the male component into the female component.

[0101] In an exemplary embodiment, to achieve maximum integrity, the load-bearing column-walls are produced with a height equal to or nearly equal to the height of the entire building. However, due to limitations in manufacturing, transportation, installation, and existing technologies, this is not feasible for high-rise buildings, and even some mid-rise buildings. Therefore, for constructing high-rise and midrise buildings, load-bearing column-walls are generally connected in several rows to complete the building.

[0102] In an exemplary embodiment, load-bearing column-walls are connected in a brick-like or staggered arrangement, which provides high structural integrity. The dimensions of the load-bearing column-walls are selected based on the building height. Fig. 7 shows an exemplary embodiment of a building constructed using structural sections (1 ) in a brick-like or staggered arrangement.

[0103] In a preferred embodiment, the load-bearing column-walls are interconnected to form an integrated structure. As a result, treating the load-bearing columnwalls as separate elements is either impractical or meaningless for the functionality of this construction system, and any such distinction is made only for installation purposes, which are due to current technological limitations.

[0104] It is expected that limitations in manufacturing, transportation, installation, and technologies will gradually decrease, and even some high-rise buildings will be constructed from a single row of column-walls.

[0105] In some exemplary embodiments, cranes are used to install load-bearing column-walls. In another exemplary embodiment, to facilitate the vertical connection of load-bearing column-walls, the crane temporarily magnetizes the column-wall it is attached to, causing it to attract the other column-wall. This allows the crane to position and fit the column-wall into place, improving construction efficiency, particularly in adverse weather conditions and strong winds.

[0106] The described column-walls can be produced in various forms, thus reducing limitations in architectural designs.

[0107] Load-Bearing Floor:

[0108] In some exemplary embodiments, the load-bearing floor is constructed similarly to any of the three types of column-walls described. That is, the loadbearing floor can be made from structural sections (1 ), a sheet (21) bent in multiple steps to form two outer layers and intermediate connecting layers, or at least one profiled sheet (24) connected to at least one another profiled sheet or at least one flat sheet, such that internal channels (25) are formed.

[0109] Fig. 6B illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a load-bearing floor serving as a heating and cooling radiator. For instance, cold or hot air can be blown into one channel (29) to circulate through the load-bearing floor via channels (28) between the structural sections, then exit through another channel (30). It may be used solely for either heating or cooling.

[0110] The connection between the load-bearing floor and load-bearing column-walls can be achieved in various ways. In some exemplary embodiments, a strap (26) attached to the load-bearing floor is bolted, screwed, or riveted (27) to loadbearing column-walls. Insulation can be placed between the strap and the loadbearing column-walls. In another exemplary embodiment, angle bars or brackets are installed at the desired location on the load-bearing column-walls for mounting the load-bearing floor, which is then placed on the angle bars or brackets and secured to them. In some exemplary embodiments, the connection can be achieved using metal bolts, screws, or rivets with an insulated sheath, as well as FRP (fiber-reinforced polymer) fasteners, can also be used.

[0111] In another exemplary embodiment, screws or similar fasteners are partially embedded in the designated installation area on the load-bearing column-walls, with a portion protruding outward. The same method is applied to the internal channel surface of the load-bearing floor adjacent to the load-bearing columnwalls. An adhesive is then applied to the channel to bond the load-bearing floor to the load-bearing column-walls.

[0112] In some exemplary embodiments, a false ceiling is installed beneath the loadbearing floor, with the underfloor heating system housed within the internalchannels of the floor and the ceiling cooling system located in the space between the load-bearing floor and the false ceiling.

[0113] A suitable material for the load-bearing column-walls and floors includes various types of steel, such as galvanized steel, mild steel, stainless steel, or high-strength steel alloys, selected based on factors such as specific loadbearing requirements and environmental conditions. Even though it is typically not required, in some exemplary embodiments, concrete or masonry materials may also be used due to necessity or preference.

[0114] In one exemplary embodiment, in areas requiring moisture insulation, such as bathrooms and restrooms, galvanized steel or FRP is used, while mild steel is used for other sections of the column-walls or load-bearing floors.

[0115] In some exemplary embodiments, internal channels within at least one column-wall or floor are filled, either fully or partially, with water or other liquids to regulate indoor or structural temperature. Additionally, these liquids may serve purposes such as heating or acoustic insulation.

[0116] In some exemplary embodiments, water is stored in certain column-wall channels or floors and is used for fire suppression in the event of a fire.

[0117] Furthermore, by storing water in the exterior column-walls, roof, or both, dew can be collected from the temperature difference between the stored water and the external environment. This method takes advantage of water's high specific heat capacity.

[0118] In some exemplary embodiments, a suction system for smoke, hazardous gases, or both is integrated into at least one load-bearing column-wall or floor. When smoke or hazardous gases are detected, vents open in at least one loadbearing column-wall or floor, directing them through the internal channels and venting them outside the building. This system can also be configured to remove unpleasant gases and odors.

[0119] Fig. 6D illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a load-bearing column-wall or floor where a finishing layer is applied to at least one surface of at least one loadbearing column-wall or floor, partially contributing to structural load-bearing. Fig. 6D is an exemplary embodiment in which a mesh (31 ) is placed on the surface of the load-bearing column-wall or floor and secured with screws or similarfasteners (32), with part of the fasteners protruding from the surface. A hardening finishing material is then poured over it, covering the screws or similar fasteners, and, upon transitioning from liquid to solid, enhances the structural strength.

[0120] In some exemplary embodiments, panels and foam layers may be installed on the interior surfaces of column-walls, floors, and ceilings for finishing and insulation. For example, low-density foam can serve both as insulation and a finishing layer. Additionally, wallpaper, marble sheets, or other decorative finishes may be applied over the foam for aesthetic enhancement. These finishing and insulation features are optional enhancements and do not limit the core construction system.

[0121] In some exemplary embodiments, insulation and finishing layers are preinstalled at the factory on the column-walls and floors.

[0122] In some exemplary embodiments, for the building facade, the surface of the load-bearing column-walls is painted. If galvanized steel column-walls are used, the galvanized surface itself can serve as the exterior facade, reducing the cost of additional cladding.

[0123] In some exemplary embodiments, load-bearing column-walls are mounted on a chassis.

[0124] In some exemplary embodiments, load-bearing column-walls are mounted on a chassis supported by a foundation. The chassis can be formed from interconnected beams.

[0125] Fig. 7 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a building constructed using load-bearing column-walls that are positioned within a channel section (33) and secured to it. The channel section is mounted on a chassis (3), which transfers the load to the foundation. In Fig. 7, the foundation includes ground plugs (35), each containing a threaded column (34) that is screwed into it. The ground plugs (35) have external threads or protrusions and at least one vertical gap starting from the lower end and extending upwards without reaching the top. The threaded column (34) exerts pressure on the inner surface of the ground plug (35), causing it to expand and apply pressure to the surrounding material (36), thereby anchoring it in the ground and forming the foundation of the building. Surrounding material (36) can include soil, rock, or any other natural or man-made materials in direct contact with the ground plug. In this exemplary embodiment, a shock absorber (37), which may be made from polymer or a polymer-metal composite, is placed between the column (34) and the chassis (3) to enhance resistance against seismic and wind-induced shocks.

[0126] In some other exemplary embodiments, alternative foundation types, such as strip foundations, are used to support the column-walls.

[0127] In some other exemplary embodiments, load-bearing column-walls are placed directly on the ground and may only be secured to it using connecting elements, such as angle bars or brackets.

[0128] In some exemplary embodiments, the connection between the components of the building constructed with this construction system is configured to allow disassembly and reassembly in another location, enabling relocation.Industrial Applicability

[0129] The construction system of the present invention is applicable to the building construction industry and can be extended to other fields requiring lightweight, high-strength, and efficiently assembled structures. In addition to residential, commercial, and industrial buildings, the system may be utilized in the manufacture and assembly of ships, aircraft, offshore platforms, space habitats, and large-scale infrastructure projects. Its optimized load distribution, reduced foundation or support requirements, and integrated multifunctional elements make it particularly advantageous for high-rise, mid-rise, and modular construction, as well as for structures subjected to extreme environmental conditions. The system facilitates faster construction, enhances thermal and structural performance, and minimizes material consumption across various industries.

Claims

Claims

1. 1 . A plurality of load-bearing column-walls with internal channels, comprising structural sections that are connected and serve multiple functions, including as walls, columns, beams, and braces.

2. A plurality of load-bearing column-walls, which are connected and serve multiple functions, including as walls, columns, beams, and braces, wherein each load-bearing column-wall comprises a sheet that is bent in multiple steps to form two outer layers and intermediate connecting layers.

3. A plurality of load-bearing column-walls, which are connected and serve multiple functions, including as walls, columns, beams, and braces, wherein each load-bearing column-wall comprises at least one profiled sheet that is connected to at least one another profiled sheet or at least one flat sheet, such that internal channels are formed.

4. The plurality of load-bearing column-walls as in any of Claims 1 -3, wherein the load-bearing column-walls are arranged to form a loadbearing floor.

5. The plurality of load-bearing column-walls as in any of Claims 1 -3, wherein the load-bearing column-walls are configured to serve as a loadbearing floor and function as a radiator for heating, cooling, or both.

6. The plurality of load-bearing column-walls as in any of Claims 1 -3, wherein at least part of at least one load-bearing column-wall contains a filling material.

7. The plurality of load-bearing column-walls as in any of Claims 1 -3, wherein the load-bearing column-walls are connected with an interlocking joint.

8. The plurality of load-bearing column-walls as in Claim 1 -3, wherein the load-bearing column-walls are connected in a staggered arrangement.

9. A construction system, comprising:- a plurality of load-bearing column-walls, which are connected and serve multiple functions, including as walls, columns, beams, and braces; and- load-bearing floors that are connected to the load-bearing column-walls, and define distinct stories.

10. The construction system of Claim 9, wherein within at least part of at least one load-bearing column-wall or floor, a liquid is stored for any of the purposes of controlling the internal ambient temperature, controlling the temperature of the structure, fire extinguishing, insulation, dew collection due to temperature differences with the external environment, or any combination thereof.

11. The construction system of Claim 9, wherein at least one load-bearing column-wall or floor further comprises a suction system for smoke, hazardous gases, or both, such that upon detecting smoke or hazardous gases, valves in at least one load-bearing column-wall or floor open, directing the smoke or hazardous gas through channels in the structure to exit the building.

12. The construction system of Claim 9, wherein at least one surface of a load-bearing column-wall or floor further comprises a finishing layer that contributes to structural strength and participates in the load-bearing function.

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