Formed honeycomb contactor for enhanced co2 capture and apparatus thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to adsorbent compounded honeycomb contactor for enhanced CO2 capture / rem oval / separation from dry and / or wet gas stream through adsorption by the adsorbent, comprising a 3D structure comprising a substrate, wherein the substrate of the 3D structure is compounded with an adsorbent material.

Description

[0001] FORMED HONEYCOMB CONTACTOR FOR ENHANCED CO2 CAPTURE AND APPARATUS THEREOF

[0002] RELATED PATENT / PATENT APPLICATIONS

[0003] The present application is a cognate application, of the Indian provisional patent application numbered 202411078557, Indian provisional patent application numbered 202411078563, and Indian provisional patent application numbered 202411078562.

[0004] FIELD OF INVENTION

[0005] The present invention relates to the field of adsorption. More particularly, the present invention provides contactors for enhanced removal of carbon dioxide (CO2) and / or moisture from dry and / or wet gas stream. Also, provided is apparatus comprising said contactors, and methods for manufacturing such contactors.

[0006] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0007] Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a major contributor to global climate change, which is a major by-product of our industrial society, with burning of fossil fuels and post-combustion practices being a major contributor of CO2 generation. CO2 removal is of major importance and interest in order to arrest and possibly reverse the global climate change. Achieving Carbon neutrality is a goal of various industries globally and locally, which essentially seeks to balance the amount of CO2 emitted into the atmosphere with the amount removed. This is achieved by reducing CO2 emissions and / or removing the emitted CO2. While there are various technologies for reducing CO2 emissions, including using renewable energy sources such as wind, and solar, there is also considerable efforts towards removing the emitted CO2, particularly in developing economies where CO2 emission is substantively higher due to dependency on fossil fuels used in various industries.

[0008] There are many well-known CO2 removal technologies relating to concepts of both physisorption and chemisorption, some of which are based on physisorbents, chemisorbents, membranes, etc. However, many of the well-known technologies suffer from various limitations, such as cost, efficiency, scalability, environmental impact, etc. One such adsorbent based technology using conventional adsorbents such as molecular sieve(s), activated carbon, etc. with physisorption mechanism are more economic, due to their low cost, but suffer various limitations such as low C02selectivity, low CO2 adsorption capacity, and high regeneration temperatures reaching 140- 200°C. The major drawback in using these traditional hydrophilic adsorbents is that they prefer to adsorb water molecules over CO2 molecules as the kinetic diameters of both water and CO2 molecules is similar. On the other hand, membranes are prone to degradation and fouling due to precipitation and deposition of particles on the membrane surface / pores.

[0009] Most of the carbon capture apparatuses, notwithstanding the type of adsorbent used, ie., chemisorbent or physisorbent, use either a column or a bed carrying adsorbent in either liquid form, powder form, granular form or pelletized form. While this allows a substantial quantity of the sorbent to be utilized, these suffer from very high pressure drops and therefore high parasitic fan power, long cycle times, making the whole apparatus bulky, cumbersome to operate, and very expensive. While this is the most prevelant and commonly used method / contactor for CO2 removal, for both post-combustion and Direct Air Capture, the major drawback of this is the very bulky overall size of the equipment / system, very long cycle time for CO2 removal / capture and desorption as well as intermediate cooling, as also a very large quantity of adsorbent used per ton of CO2 removed per year.

[0010] As cordierites are well known for use with catalyst coatings for emission control for automotive emissions, these are essentially extruded ceramic honeycombs. While these give an advantage of relatively higher surface area and lesser pressure drop, these suffer from limitation of size as well as the amount of physisorbent / chemisorbent that can be coated on its surface given the limitation of impregnation because of very limited porosity. This results in a very low ratio of adsorbent to substrate limiting the amount of adsorbent at play during each cycle as well as a very high heat carryover for cooling for each cycle.

[0011] Recently some novel materials have gained the interest of researchers in adsorption technology, which offer great advantages in many ways such as, they have high selectivity, lower regeneration temperature / energies, high capacities, etc, which provide an opportunity of inclusion / making of novel contactors.

[0012] There is a need to devise better and improved systems of adsorbents, whether amine or novel materials, suitable for enhancing capture of CO2, while at the same time reducing the competition of nitrogen and moisture for CO2 removal, thus improving the efficiency of the system for adsorption of CO2. The present invention proposes a novel formed honeycomb contactor, in combination with one or more sorbents, can overcome the previous enumerated challenges / limitations of using granular material, etc. or coated cordierite type honeycomb structures. Using such formed honeycomb structures provide thermal stability and mechanical robustness. The overall bulk densities of such structures are very low as compared to the cordierites, making the overall system less bulky. These structures are also less prone to cracking or collapsing over repeated adsorption-desorption cycles due to better shock resistance as compared to the ceramic cordierites. The honeycomb design provides increased surface area for greater mass transfer. The highly porous structure of the present invention gives room for enough sorbent loading (more active sorbent per unit mass) to achieve high CO2 adsorption capacity, which is a limitation while using cordierites due to their almost negligible porosity. Also, the fibrous and porous structure helps dispersing the sorbent uniformly and achieving greater adhesion between the structure and the sorbent making the adhered sorbent less prone to leaching out of the structure or delaminating. The pressure drop per unit volume in such structures is very low as compared to powders, granules or cordierites (metallic or ceramic) as the orientation of the honeycomb channels reduce fluid flow resistance. Besides, the formed honeycombs of the present invention result in a very high adsorbent to substrate ratio upto 8: 1 thereby bringing more adsorbent at play and limited heat carryover for cooling from the heated substrate. The incorporation of sorbents such as amines, MOFs, COFs, ZIFs, etc. into such porous structures can lead to high CO2 uptake, high CO2 selectivity, improved long-term cyclic stability and decreased energy penalty. Thus, such honeycomb structures are more stable, efficient, durable, and scalable giving rise to greater CO2 uptake efficiency, better kinetics and improved heat / mass transfer.

[0013] The present invention also overcomes substantially the shortcomings and the disadvantages of packed bed systems as: a) Relatively much shorter overall cycle time, of the order of 4-20 times shorter, b) A proportionately reduced amount of adsorbent per ton of CO2 removal for similar CO2 removal productivity / throughput. c) A much more compact equipment / system, with the main contactor section relatively very small in size , leading to significant cost saving of the equipment / system.

[0014] One of the key point in using various adsorbents for CO2 capture is that they may prefer to adsorb water molecules over CO2 molecules as the kinetic diameters of both water and CO2 molecules is similar. Depending upon specific application, adsorbents may be selected to prefer one adsorbate over the other. The formed honeycomb contactors of the present invention outperform all the present technologies for CO2 capture either from direct air, indoor air or flue gas, i.e. wet and / or dry gas stream.

[0015] US2018296961 teaches about making CO2 adsorbing article using a corderite structure which generally is an extruded ceramic item. This has a strong limitation of the amount of adsorbent with which the honeycomb corderite cells surface areas can be coated. This inhibits the total CO2 that can be adsorbed as well as it provides an unnecessary heat carry over. The present invention focuses on a formed honeycomb which has a very small percentage of the substrate with active adsorbent being the majority or more of the total bulk density.

[0016] CN117181194 teaches making of a flexible flat film structured amine adsorbent. Here silica and polymer are added to a solvent and made into a casting liquid to form a film and amine is loaded through impregnation or chemical grafting on that film. Such flexible membranes suffer from risk of delamination and sagging under continuous thermal cycling and airflows. The present invention is totally different using a formed honeycomb with a high surface area and high percentage of CO2 adsorbent.

[0017] CN114452768 teaches use of a combination of nanoporous materials with carbonates for CO2 capture, where carbonates have their own limitation of need of high temperatures for CO2 capture, with huge energy penalties involved and exhibit slow kinetics. The process is driven by wet regeneration process, which is further dependent on ambient humidity, and will always remain a big challenge for different geographies of the world. Durability of the sorbent decreases rapidly under wet-dry cycling conditions. Scaling up to the industrial levels is again challenging.

[0018] JP5820254 teaches the use of granular CO2 adsorbents available in hoppers that are moving and have CO2 laden gas passing through it, with high resultant pressure drop and making the system very bulky. The present invention, on the other hand, is using CO2 sorbents formulated onto and within a honeycomb structure which is incorporated in a CO2 abatement system.

[0019] WO2012099913 teaches amine impregnation on metal oxide foam supports which suffer from mechanical fragility issues. They are brittle and prone to cracking, more particularly in dynamic conditions, hampering the longevity of the system.

[0020] US10427086 teaches using amine based loose particulate sorbent material in parallel plate structure for adsorption of CO2. The sorbents of such systems are at higher risk of attrition, very high pressure drop and less durable. Also, such systems are complex and bulky.

[0021] US2024 / 0316490 teaches essentially a gas-liquid contactor and related systems for capturing CO2 from ambient air, comprising a CO2 capture solution. The present invention focuses on using formed honeycomb formulated with sorbent majority of which is a CO2 sorbent. US10933371 B2 teaches a CO2 recovery product and system dependent upon evaporative cooling and steam assisted regeneration using a rotary honeycomb device using amine solid particles between 0.3 and 1.0 mm. The present invention is agnostic in its application of regeneration method, uses powdered / liquid adsorbent formulated onto a honeycomb matrix. Besides, our powder adsorbent can also be a physisorbent as well as a mixture of water adsorbent, none of which find mentioned in this invention and overcome many drawbacks inherent in the ’371 patent. US11794144B2 teaches a method of adhering solid spherical CO2 adsorbent granules on a sheet which is rolled on to make a parallel plate matrix for adsorption of CO2 in a rotary device. This requires a very cumbersome and old fashioned manufacturing method which has not been ever practiced as being practical. The present invention uses unique formulation method of combining powder whether chemisorbent or physisorbent, onto and within a porous substrate to make a unique CO2 adsorbent matrix which can be shaped in any geometry like triangular, rectangular, square, etc, as well as circular to make a rotor.

[0022] US 8500886 B2 teaches the use of multiple rotors, one of which is at least for water adsorption, in various intricate and cumbersome air flows which make the use not very practical.

[0023] Although, a variety of prior arts are known for an adsorbent apparatus for capturing carbon dioxide from a dry and / or wet gas stream, however, there is still a need to provide adsorbent apparatus with a formed honeycomb matrix loaded with adsorbent materials with reduced energy requirement and improved Carbon dioxide removal capacity.

[0024] OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

[0025] An object of the present invention is to provide a formed honeycomb contactor with adsorbent compounded / formulated within and onto the porous substrate of the contactor, whereby the adsorbent is selected and optimized for preferential adsorption / capture / removal / separation of CO2 from dry or wet gas stream.

[0026] One aspect of the present disclosure relates to a formed honeycomb contactor (also termed as ‘contactor’) for capturing at least carbon dioxide from a gas stream. The formed honeycomb contactor comprises a porous substrate, and a first adsorbent material formulated onto and within the porous substrate, wherein the first adsorbent material is adapted to capture at least carbon dioxide from the dry and / or wet gas stream. The first adsorbent material at least comprises an amine, and loading of the first adsorbent material relative to the formed honeycomb contactor, is in a range of 30%-90%. A cycle time of the formed honeycomb contactor is 4-20 times lower than granular-packed bed contactor. The amount of first adsorbent material used per ton of carbon dioxide captured in the formed honeycomb contactor is at least 4-20 times, lower than the amount of first adsorbent material used per ton of carbon dioxide captured in the granular-packed bed contactor.

[0027] Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a formed honeycomb contactor (also termed as ‘contactor’) for capturing carbon dioxide from a wet and / or dry gas stream. The formed honeycomb contactor comprises a porous substrate and a first adsorbent material formulated onto and within the porous substrate, wherein the first adsorbent material is capable of capturing carbon dioxide from the dry and / or wet gas stream. The first adsorbent material is a physisorbent, and is selected from the group consisting of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs), Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs), Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework (ZIFs), an inorganic material, and / or combinations thereof. The first adsorbent material is porous, and is microporous having a pore size less than 15 Angstrom, and is regenerated at a temperature <120 degC. A cycle time of the formed honeycomb contactor is 4-20 times lower than granular-packed bed contactor. The amount of first adsorbent material used per ton of carbon dioxide captured in the formed honeycomb contactor is at least 4-20 times, lower than the amount of first adsorbent material used per ton of carbon dioxide captured in the granular-packed bed contactor.

[0028] Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a formed honeycomb contactor (also termed as ‘contactor’) for capturing water vapour and carbon dioxide from a wet gas stream. The formed honeycomb contactor comprises a porous substrate, and a first and an additional adsorbent material are formulated onto and within the porous substrate, wherein the first adsorbent material is capable of capturing carbon dioxide, and the additional adsorbent is capable of pre-capturing moisture from the wet gas stream. Both the first and additional selected adsorbent materials are phy si sorbents, and are selected from the group consisting of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs), Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs), Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework (ZIFs), an inorganic material, and / or combinations thereof. The first and additional adsorbent material are porous, and are microporous having a pore size less than 15 Angstrom, and are regenerated at a temperature <120 degC. A cycle time of the formed honeycomb contactor is 4-20 times lower than granular- packed bed contactor. The amount of first adsorbent material used per ton of carbon dioxide captured in the formed honeycomb contactor is at least 4-20 times, lower than the amount of first adsorbent material used per ton of carbon dioxide captured in the granular-packed bed contactor.

[0029] One important object of this invention is to substantially reduce the cycle time of the CO2 removal cycle using the formed honeycomb of the present invention vis-a-vis the granular adsorbents being used substantially in most commercial systems for post-combustion and direct air capture applications, thereby reducing the size of the whole contactor portion of the system in the packed bed type, as also a significant reduction in the amount of adsorbent per ton of CO2 removal and related cost reduction.

[0030] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure-la shows an example of the sinusoidal structure of the formed honeycomb contactor of the present invention.

[0032] Figure lb shows an cordierite extruded honeycomb structure of prior art.

[0033] Figure 2a shows a pictorial representation of a first embodiment of a process of preparing the formed honeycomb contactor of the present invention, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2b shows a pictorial representation of a second embodiment of a process of preparing the adsorbent compounded honeycomb contactor of the present invention, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2c shows a pictorial representation of a third embodiment of a process of preparing the adsorbent compounded honeycomb contactor of the present invention, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2d shows a pictorial representation of a fourth embodiment of a process of preparing the adsorbent compounded honeycomb contactor of the present invention, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 2e shows a pictorial representation of a fifth embodiment of a process of preparing the adsorbent compounded honeycomb contactor of the present invention, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 2f shows a pictorial representation of a sixth embodiment of a process of preparing the adsorbent compounded honeycomb contactor of the present invention, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 3a shows a first embodiment of the carbon-capture apparatus, in accordance with the concepts of the present invention, using amine(s) as first adsorbent material and / or additional adsorbent material (1c). Figure 3b shows a second embodiment of the carbon-capture apparatus, in accordance with the concepts of the present invention, using physisorbent as first adsorbent material and / or additional adsorbent material (1c).

[0040] Figure 3c shows a third embodiment of the carbon-capture apparatus, in accordance with the concepts of the present invention, using physisorbent as first adsorbent material.

[0041] Figure 3d shows a fourth embodiment of the water vapor and carbon-capture apparatus, in accordance with the concepts of the present invention, using mixture of two physisorbents as a first adsorbent material and an additional adsorbent material (1c), one being more water selective and other being more CO2 selective, where both the adsorbents are a mixture or chemically bonded.

[0042] Figure 3e shows a fifth embodiment of the water vapor and carbon-capture apparatus with a purge section, in accordance with the concepts of the present invention, using mixture of two physisorbents as first adsorbent material and additional adsorbent material (1c), one being more water selective and other being more CO2 selective, where both the adsorbent materials are a mixture or chemically bonded.

[0043] Figure 3f shows a sixth embodiment of the water vapor and carbon-capture apparatus with a heat recovery section, in accordance with the concepts of the present invention, using mixture of two physisorbents as first adsorbent material and additional adsorbent material (1c), one being more water selective and other being more CO2 selective, where both the adsorbents are a mixture or chemically bonded.

[0044] Figure 4a shows a seventh embodiment of the carbon-capture apparatus, in accordance with the concepts of the present invention where first wheel is a desiccant wheel with a formed honeycomb contactor for water vapour adsorption, and the second wheel is a desiccant wheel with a formed honeycomb contactor of the present invention for CO2 adsorption.

[0045] Figure 4b shows an eight embodiment of the carbon-capture apparatus, in accordance with the concepts of the present invention where first wheel is a desiccant wheel with a formed honeycomb contactor for water vapour adsorption, and the second wheel is a desiccant wheel with a formed honeycomb contactor of the present invention for CO2 adsorption, along with a air-water harvesting.

[0046] Figure 5a shows a ninth embodiment of the carbon-capture apparatus, in accordance with the concepts of the present invention, where a module can be only amine based using a first and / or a additional adsorbent, or only a physisorbent, or a mixture of two physisorbents with one being more water selective and other being more CO2 selective Figure 5b shows an tenth embodiment of the carbon-capture apparatus, using two modules which are cycling one by one for adsorption and desorption, in accordance with the concepts of the present invention, where the modules can be only amine based using a first and / or an additional amine adsorbent, or only a physisorbent, or a mixture of two physisorbents with one being more water selective and other being more CO2 selective.

[0047] DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0048] The following description sets out the embodiments and implementations of the invention. The description is illustrative and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Obvious variations and modifications of the embodiments and implementations are contemplated to be within the scope of the invention.

[0049] CONTACTOR

[0050] The terms ‘system’, 'apparatus’, and ‘carbon-capture apparatus’, ‘adsorbent apparatus’, ‘sorbate capture apparatus’ interchangeably, refer to an arrangement of various components for adsorbing carbon dioxide and / or water vapour from gas stream.

[0051] The terms ‘air’, ‘airstream’, ‘gas’, ‘fluid’, ‘flue gases’, ‘gas stream’ are interchangeably referred to each other, wherein the terms refer to a flowing gas or air from which carbon dioxide and / or water vapour is intended to be removed.

[0052] The terms ‘rotor’, ‘wheel’, and ‘module’, ‘adsorbent wheel’, ‘adsorbent rotor’, are interchangeably referred to each other, wherein the terms refer to a rotary water vapour adsorption desiccant wheel, such that moisture is adsorbed at one portion thereof while passing the air therethrough, while moisture is desorbed from another portion thereof while passing the air therethrough.

[0053] The term “adsorbent compounded honeycomb contactor” and “formed honeycomb matrix structure’, refers to a component that provides a space where preferential CO2 capture process can occur, facilitating the interaction between air / gas stream and an adsorbent material compounded on the substrate of the contactor.

[0054] The terms ‘special material’, ‘novel material’, and ‘identified material’, ‘adsorbent material’ are interchangeably referred to each other hereinafter, wherein the terms refer to the desiccant / adsorbent that carry special characteristics, in accordance with the concepts of the present disclosure. The term ‘bulk density” refers to mass per unit volume.

[0055] The term “loading”, “adsorbent loading”, interchangeably refers to weight (g / g or %) of adsorbent material compounded on the adsorbent compounded honeycomb contactor.

[0056] The present invention relates to formed honeycomb contactor (1) for enhanced CO2 capture, with very less pressure drop, high capacity through reduced cycle time, very limited heat carryover, through physisorption and / or chemisorption by the adsorbent comprising a porous substrate (la), wherein the substrate is formulated with an adsorbent material formulated onto and within the porous substrate (la). In an embodiment, the bulk density of the adsorbent compounded honeycomb contactor is in the range of 4-401bs / ft3. In another embodiment, the adsorbent loading is in a range of 30% to 90% of the weight of the formed honeycomb contactor.

[0057] The choice and selection of absorbent material enhances the overall performance of the contactor (1) to adsorb CO2 from a gas or air stream laden with CO2. The enhanced performance is also realized in the presence of moisture in the air / gas stream. The benefits include a cost-effective and efficient contactor for adsorbing / removing / separating CO2.

[0058] Big benefit is also derived from making the apparatus very compact and therefore very economical and therefore bringing DAC within the global goal of less than $150-200 CO2 / year, while making the whole system relatively more energy efficient.

[0059] FORMED HONEYCOMB CONTACTOR

[0060] Figure la shows a formed honeycomb contactor (1), in accordance with the concepts of the present invention, which is substantially distinguished from the extruded honeycomb contactor (As shown in Figure lb) of prior art.

[0061] In accordance with the present invention, the formed honeycomb contactor (1) is primarily required for capturing / removing / separating at least carbon dioxide from a dry and / or wet gas stream, and one or more adsorbent material formulated onto and within the porous substrate (la). In one embodiment, the one or more adsorbent material is a singular adsorbent material namely a first adsorbent material (lb) for capturing carbon dioxide from the dry and / or wet gas stream. In another embodiment, the one or more adsorbent material is a combination of two (2) adsorbent materials namely a first adsorbent material (lb) and an additional adsorbent material (1c), wherein the first adsorbent material (lb) is for capturing carbon dioxide from the dry and / or wet gas stream, while the additional adsorbent material (1c) is required for capturing carbon dioxide and / or moisture from the dry and / or wet gas stream. In an embodiment, the porous substrate (la) of the formed honeycomb matrix structure is selected from the group consisting of glass fiber, carbon fiber, ceramic fiber, natural fiber, biosoluble fiber, synthetic fiber, pulp, or composite material or any similar porous tissues. In an embodiment, the substrate further comprises at least a rigidifying agent. The rigidifying agent is selected from the group consisting of at least an organic material, at least an inorganic material, and combinations thereof. The concentration of the rigidifying agent is in the range of 2-15%, preferably 2-8%. In an embodiment, the rigidifying agent is selected from the group consisting of silica sol, alumina sol, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, and acrylates.

[0062] In an embodiment, the adsorbent material is an amine-based adsorbent materials, i.e. comprises an amine. The amine can be either of a liquid amine, a solid amine, or a combination thereof. The amine can be selected from the group consisting of a linear or branched amine. Moreover, the amine can be either of primary amine, a secondary amine, a tertiary amine, and / or a combinations thereof. The primary amine can be selected from the group consisting of Ethylenediamine (EDA), Putrescine (1,4-diaminobutane) , 3 -Aminopropyltri ethoxy silane (APTES), m-Phenylenediamine, p-Phenylenediamine , 1,6-Hexamethylenediamine, 1,3 -Diaminopropane, Monoethylamine, 2- amino-2-m ethylpropanol, Diglycolamine, Ethylenediamine, Methylamine, 1,2-Diaminopropane, 3 -Aminopropylamine, Monoethanolamine (MEA), n-Propylamine, n-Butylamine, Isobutylamine, tert-Butylamine, Benzylamine, Cyclohexylamine,, 2 -Aminoethanol (ethanolamine), 2-Amino-l- propanol, 2- Amino-2-ethyl- 1,3 -propanediol. The secondary amine can be selected from the group consisting of Diethanolamine (DEA), Diisopropanolamine (DIPA), Piperazine, Aziridine, Morpholine, Diisopropylamine Isopropanolamine, Dipropanolamine (DPA), Methylethanolamine, Morpholine, Pyrrolidine, Piperidine, Diethylamine (DEA-), Dimethylamine (DMA)-. The tertiary amine can be selected from the group consisting of Triethanolamine (TEA), Triisopropanolamine (TIPA), N,N-Dimethylethylenediamine, Triethylamine, N,N-Dimethylaniline, methyldiethanolamine, Trimethylamine (TMA), N-Methyldiisopropanolamine (MDIPA), N,N- Dimethylcyclohexylamine (DMCHA), N,N,N',N'-Tetram ethylethylenediamine (TMEDA), 1,4- Diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO / TEDA). Amine carrying combination of primary amine and secondary amine groups, can be selected from the group consisting of N-methylethylenediamine (MEDA), N-isopropylethylenediamine (i-Pr-EDA), tetraethylenepentamine, Diethylenetriamine, Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA), Aminoethyl ethanolamine (AEEA), 3- (Methylamino)propylamine, 2-(Methylamino)ethylamine (MAEA). Similarly, amine carrying the combination of a group of the primary amine, secondary amine, and tertiary amine, for example Polyethyleneimine, can be used. In such case of amine-based adsorbent material, the adsorbent loading of the first adsorbent material (lb) relative the formed honeycomb matrix is in a range of 30% to 90 %.

[0063] In an embodiment, the adsorbent material comprises a physisorbent. In such case, the adsorbent material can be selected from the group consisting of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs), Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs), Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework (ZIFs), an inorganic material, and / or combinations thereof. In such case, the adsorbent material is porous, is micropore having a pore size less than 15 Angstrom, has a surface area in the range of 500 m2 / g to 10000m2 / g, and is regenerated at a temperature <120 degC. Thus, the physisorbent adsorbent material has following characteristics:

[0064] - High porosity: High porosity is reflective of high surface area.

[0065] - Increased overall surface area: A surface area in a range of the physisorbent adsorbent material is in a range of 500 m2 / g to 10000 m2 / g. This helps the carbon capture apparatus achieve high adsorption performance.

[0066] - Low Regeneration Temperature: The physisorbent adsorbent material, deployed in the formed honeycomb contactor (1) of the present invention, has low regeneration temperature of less than 120 DegC. This helps the adsorption apparatus achieve the desired performance levels with low reactivation energy requirements.

[0067] - Pore Size: The pore size of the physisorbent adsorbent material is less than 15 Angstrom, preferably less than 10 Angstrom, additionally being characterized with regeneration temperatures of less than 120 DegC.

[0068] Notably, the MOF is selected from the group consisting of, ZnMOF-74 , CuBTC , Cu-TDPAT, Cu- MOF-74,UiO-66-NH2, Ni-CUK-1, Mg-CUK-1, Co-CUK-1, Mg-dobpdc series, UTSA-300, Mg- MOF-74-NH2, CAU-1, CALF-20, Zn-MOF-74-NH2, NOTT-101, Mg2(dhfbdc)2(dabco), mmen- Mn2(dobpdc), MFM-601, MOF-505-NBL, CAU-10H, CAU-23, CAU-30, MIL-16O(A1), aluminum fumarate, aluminum terephthalate, UiO-66, UiO-66-NH>, UiO-67, MOF-801, MOF- 802, MOF-841, PCN-222, MIL-100(Fe), MIL-lOl(Fe), MIL-53(Fe), MIL-lOl(Cr), MIL-lOO(Cr), MIL-53(Cr), HKUST-1, Cu-BDC, , MIL-125(Ti), NBL-MIL-HS Ti), Ni-CPO-27, , MOF-808, NU-1000, NU-1200, MOF-802, CO2C12BTDD, Cr-soc-MOF-1, MOF-573, MOF-805, MOF-8O6, MOF-812, MIL-53(A1), Co-MOF-74, Mg-MOF-74, NOTT-400, MIL-121 , CAU-3, MFM-300, Al-NDC, Ga-soc-MOF, IRMOF-1, IRMOF-3, MOF-177, MOF-205, MOF-210, PCN-124, MIL- 68(In), MOF-DRIF2, Cu-TDPAT, Zn-TDPAT, UiO-68, MIL-88, PCN-333, NU-1400, MOF-525, SIFSIX , TIFSIX, Cu-BTTri, MIL-125(Ti), NH2-MIL-125(Ti), MOF-573, MOF-525, Bio-MOF- 11, Tb-mesoMOF, Cu-TCPP, Zr-NDC, BUT- 17, FJI-HMOF , Al-MOF-235 , Al-MIL-69, Al- PMOF, MIL-47(V) , MIL-68(Ga), Fe-soc-MOF , Cu-MOF-505 , Cu-TZP, Cu-TPT, Cu-CPF-5, RE-fcu-MOFs, Ce-UiO-66, Ce-UiO-67, Yb-MOFs (Yb-MOF-76) , Mg-MOF-235, Zn-MOF-235, Bio-MOF-lOO , UTSA-16 (Cu-TATB) , UTSA-60, DUT-67(Zr) , DUT-4(A1) , [Ni2(dobdc)] , Zn- Triazolate PCPs, M0F-DRIF1, M0R0F-1, MOF-841(Sc) , CAU-21, C AU-36, ZrTUD-1 , InOF-

[0069] 1 , Ni-MOF-202 , Zn-MOF-74 , KMF-1 , CAU-26, FIR-53, UiO-611, UiO-67, UiO-68 , Ni8(OH)4(BDC)6(DUT-8(Ni)), Ti3-MIL-88B-NH2, CAU-13 , SBMOF-1 , SBMOF-2, MFU-4 , MFU-41 , FMOF-1 , FMOF-2 , CAU-13, IR-MOF-8, DMOF(Zn), CAU-21, CAU-26 , C AU-36 , MIP-200 (Al) , Al-PF-1 , ICR-2, ICR-7, PCN-777 (Zr) , BUT-66 (Zr) , PCN-608 (Zr) , DUT-52 (Zr) , MIP-202(Zr) , IFP-1, IFP-8, MAF-X27-Fe , MAF-X8-C0, DMOF-1 , NKMOF-l-Ni , CPL-

[0070] 2 , CPL-4 (Ni(pyz)(NO3)2) , InOF-1 , FIR-53, MOF-199 , MFM-300(In) , MIL-68(In)-BDC-NO2, Ti-CAT-5, Ti-HTA-1 , CAU-22-Ln , MOF-76-Ln , PCP-Ln, MIL-96(A1) , MIL-140A (Zr) , Cu- BDC-BPY, Cu-BPyDC , Cu-QPTC , Zn-TBAPy , ZJU-28 , POST-66 , CAU-24 , ALF-1, MOF-5, UiO-66-(OH)2, UiO-66-(COOH)2, UiO-66-Br, UiO-66-(CF3)2, MOF-303, UiO-67-NTL, UiO-67- (OH)2, MOF-8OI-SO4, MOF-802-NFL, MOF-802-(OH)2, NU-1100, NU-1101, NU-1103, MIL- 12O(A1), MIL-122(A1), MIL-53 -NH^ Al), MIL-53-(OH)2(Al), CAU-IO-COOH, CAU-IO-OH, CAU-12, CAU-15, Al-TCPP-MOF, CALF-15, MIL-53-NH2(Fe), MIL-68(Fe), MIL-127(Fe), PCN-250(Fe), Fe-BDC-NO2MOFs, Fe-BTC-NTL, Fe-BPDC, Cu-BTC-NTL, Cu-TATB , Cu-TPA, Cu-PMOF, Cu-HHTP , Cu-CP-MOFs , Zn-MOF-74-NIL , Mg-dobpdc, Ni-dobpdc, Co-CUK-1, Co-MOF-253, JLU-Liu-10, JLU-Liu-20, AZMOF-1, AZMOF-2, FJI-MOF-8, FJI-MOF-11, FJU- 90, CPM-200-In, MIP-200-NTL, NENU-500, NENU-511, UiO-66-SO3H, UiO-67-SO3H, PCN- 224, PCN-225, Mg2(dobpdc), , the COF is selected from the group consisting of TpPa-NFL, LZU- 1,CPT-COF, Cz-COF, TpPa-l-NTL, TpBD-COF, TAPB-PDA-COF, TpPa-1, TpPa-2, COF-1, COF-5, COF-6, COF-8, TpBD, COF-LZU1, Tp-Azo, COF-300, TpTt, COF-42, COF-43, N-COF, TpNDI, COF-JLU6, TpBpy, COF-320, PyVg-COF, Tp-DANT-COF, COF-366, Tp-DMTP-COF, COF-PI, Tp-Eth, COF-OMe, COF-F, Tp-Ph, COF-BPDA, COF-TpPa-NH2, COF-TBD: COF- 102, COF-103, COF-108, COF-202, COF-203, COF-432, COF-505, TpPa-NO2,COF-DRIFl COF-506, COF-507, COF-508, COF-909, COF-910, COF-912, COF-919, COF-920, CTF-1, CTF-2, CTF-3, CTF-4, TAPT-COF, HT-COF, COF-F3, FCTF-1, PcPBBA, FCTF-2 , FCOF-1, FCOF-2, Porphyrin COF-366-Fe , Porphyrin-COF-367, COF-Porph-v2, Pc-COF, DhaTph COF, TpDha COF, COF-OH, TpPa(OH)-COF, TpBD-(NO2), (ICOF-1), ICOF-2, ICOF-3, Sulfated COFs, COF-150, COF-170, COF-1, COF-180, COF-200, COF-300, COF-300-MeNH2, COF- DHTA , COF-DAAQ ,COF-DRIF2, Azo-COF-1, Azo-COF-2, TFB-DHzD COF , COF-TpBD- (OH)2, COF-SDU1, EB-COF-1, COF-TpDb , Py-COF, PyTTA-COF, DPP-COF-1, HNU-25, HNU-30, 3D-Py-COF, 3D-CuPc-COF, 3D-Salphen COF, TpPa-F4, COF-TTI, COF-TFPB, AA- COFs, COF-480, COF-482, TPB-DMTP-COF, COF-432, JUC-353, , the ZIF is selected from the group consisting of ZIF-13, ZIF-65, ZIF-12, ZIF-11 (Zn), ZIF-76a, ZIF-302a, ZIF-82a , ZIF-79, ZIF-300a, ZIF-68a, ZIF-7, ZIF-8, ZIF-67, ZIF-71, ZIF-90, ZIF-93, ZIF-94, ZIF-95, ZIF-100, ZIF- 300, ZIF-301, ZIF-302, ZIF-L, ZIF-4, ZIF-20, ZIF-25, ZIF-68, ZIF-69, ZIF-78, ZIF-81, ZIF-82, ZIF-204, ZIF-1, ZIF-2, ZIF-3, ZIF-6, ZIF-10, ZIF-11, ZIF-12, ZIF-71a, ZIF-201, ZIF-202, ZIF- 203, ZIF-13, ZIF-15, ZIF-16, ZIF-17, ZIF-18, ZIF-19, ZIF-21, ZIF-22, ZIF-23, ZIF-24, ZIF-26, ZIF-27, ZIF-28, ZIF-29, ZIF-70, ZIF-DRIF1, ZIF-72, ZIF-73, ZIF-74, ZIF-76, ZIF-77 , ZIF-79 , ZIF-80 , ZIF-202a, ZIF-8-NH2 , ZIF-8-SO3H , ZIF-8-COOH , ZIF-8-OH , ZIF-67-NH2, ZIF-L- NH2 , ZIF-30, ZIF-31, ZIF-32, ZIF-33, ZIF-34, ZIF-35,ZIF-36, ZIF-37, ZIF-38, ZIF-39, ZIF-40, ZIF-41, ZIF-42, ZIF-DRIF2, ZIF-43, ZIF-44, ZIF-45, ZIF-46, ZIF-47, ZIF-48, ZIF-49, ZIF-50, ZIF-51, ZIF-52, ZIF-53, ZIF-54, ZIF-55, ZIF-56, ZIF-57, ZIF-58, ZIF-59, ZIF-60, ZIF-61, ZIF- 62, ZIF-63, ZIF-64, ZIF-65, ZIF-66,, the inorganic material is selected from the group consisting of transition metal complexes, cyanometallates, and / or combinations thereof. When a combination of two adsorbent material are used, namely a first adsorbent material (lb) and an additional adsorbent material (1c), a combination of two physisorbent may be used, wherein one physisorbent capture carbon dioxide, while other physisorbent captures moisture from the wet gas stream. In such case of physisorbent, adsorbent loading of the first adsorbent material (lb) relative to the formed honeycomb contactor (1), is greater than 85%. In such embodiments of amine-based adsorbent materials, a weight ratio of the adsorbent compounded with the porous substrate (la) to the porous substrate (la) is upto 8: 1.

[0071] In an embodiment, a structure and arrangement of the formed honeycomb contactor (1) comprises a plurality of the honeycomb flutes, having a cross-section which is polygonal, square, triangular, circular, sinusoidal, rectangular, hexagonal, straight, zig-zag, skewed, or herringbone. The formed honeycomb contactor (1) can be any of a rolled single facer honeycomb matrix structure or a stacked single facer honeycomb matrix structure. Moreover, the formed honeycomb contactor (1) can be any of a rotor shape, a block shape, and / or a triangular shape. The formed honeycomb contactor (1) can be either of a rotary formed honeycomb contactor (1) or a module formed honeycomb contactor (1). In terms of structure and arrangement, the formed honeycomb contactor (1) is further characterized by cell geometry in the form of sinusoidal wave having flute pitch ranging from 2.5 to 5 mm and height of the ranging from 1 to 3 mm; the formed honeycomb contactor (1) of the present invention provides for manufacturing of large dimensions of upto 5m diameter and upto 2m depth (in the case of circular contactor (1)), however, the depth and diameter can be dictated as per actual requirements; the formed honeycomb contactor (1) of the present invention is able to efficiently remove CO2 from a gas stream having low CO2 concentration in the range of 3-5%; or high CO2 concentration in the range of 10-15%; the formed honeycomb contactor (1) of the present invention is also able to efficiently remove CO2 from an ambient air stream comprising about 0.04% CO2, and for other application-based ranges in-between.

[0072] The formed honeycomb contactor (1) of the present invention as substantially described hereinabove consists of a series of parallel cells that provide a large surface contact area relative to the volume of the material, thereby facilitating efficient laminar gas flow, which enhances the contact between air / gas stream and adsorbent material, giving rise to enhanced effectiveness of CO2 adsorption. The formed honeycomb contactor (1) is an efficient and compact carbon capture system with extended lifespan, and therefore less prone to frequent replacement and thereby limiting cost concern. The formed honeycomb contactor (1) of the present invention is thermally more stable, less susceptible to corrosion, and exhibit reduced pressure drops. The formed honeycomb matrix structure of the present invention provides a large surface area for contacting CO2 laden air / gas stream, thereby enhancing the adsorption of CO2 from the air / gas stream by the adsorbent material compounded on the contactor (1) with large surface area.

[0073] Notably, a cycle time of the formed honeycomb contactor (1) is 4-20 times lower than granular- packed bed contactor (1). Moreover, the amount of first adsorbent material (lb) used per ton of carbon dioxide captured in the formed honeycomb contactor (1) is at least 4-20 times, lower than the amount of first adsorbent material (lb) used per ton of carbon dioxide captured in the granular- packed bed contactor (1).

[0074] A variety of embodiments for preparing a variety of embodiments of the formed honeycomb contactor (1) may be envisioned, and as described below:

[0075] Figures 2a and figure 2d describe the method of preparing the formed honeycomb contactor (1) with only one (1) adsorbent material, namely a first adsorbent material (lb).

[0076] In one embodiment of method of preparing the formed honeycomb contactor (1), as seen in Fig. 2a, the porous substrate (la) is provided, while a slurry of first adsorbent material (lb). In this embodiment of the method, the porous substrate (la) is contacted with the slurry of the first adsorbent material (lb) by evenly contacting thereon. Thereafter, the sheet of the porous substrate (la) is allowed to absorb the slurry of the first adsorbent material (lb), and to be solidified therein. With such interactions, the first adsorbent material (lb) is formulated onto and within the porous substrate (la). Thus, the sheet is given a corrugated form. Thereafter, the sheet so prepared is formed in shape of the formed honeycomb contactor (1).

[0077] In another embodiment of method of preparing the formed honeycomb contactor (1), as seen in Fig. 2d, the porous substrate (la) is provided in form of a formed honeycomb structure prepared from a corrugated sheet. The corrugated sheet is formed in shape of the formed honeycomb structure. The formation can be either by way of rolling or stacking. Moreover, a slurry of the first adsorbent material (lb) is prepared. In this embodiment of the method, the formed honeycomb structure is evenly contacted with the slurry of the first adsorbent material (lb). Thereafter, the formed honeycomb structure is allowed to absorb the slurry of the first adsorbent material (lb), and to be solidified therein. With such interactions, the first adsorbent material (lb) is formulated onto and within the formed honeycomb structure. Thus, the formed honeycomb contractor is prepared.

[0078] Figures 2b and 2c, and figure 2e and 2f, describe the method of preparing the formed honeycomb contactor (1) with two (2) adsorbent material, namely a first adsorbent material (lb) and an additional adsorbent material (1c). In one embodiment, both of the first adsorbent material (lb) and the additional adsorbent material (1c) comprises amine-based adsorbent materials, which can be selected from the aforementioned list of amine-based adsorbent materials, wherein the first adsorbent material (lb) is selected for capturing carbon dioxide from the dry and / or wet gas stream, while additional adsorbent material (1c) can be selected for adsorbing carbon dioxide and / or moisture from the dry and / or wet gas stream. In another embodiment, both of the first adsorbent material (lb) and the additional adsorbent material (1c) are phy si sorbents, which can be selected from the aforementioned list of physisorbents of MOF, COF, ZIF, inorganic material, or combinations thereof, wherein the first adsorbent material (lb) is selected for capturing carbon dioxide from the wet gas stream, while additional adsorbent material (1c) can be selected for adsorbing moisture from the wet gas stream. The preferred embodiments will be described later in details.

[0079] In one embodiment of method of preparing the formed honeycomb contactor (1), as seen in Fig. 2b, the porous substrate (la) is provided, while a slurry of additional adsorbent material (1c) is prepared. In this embodiment of the method, the porous substrate (la) is initially contacted with the slurry of the additional adsorbent material (1c) by evenly contacted thereon. Thereafter, the sheet of the porous substrate (la) is allowed to absorb the slurry of the additional adsorbent material (1c), and to be solidified therein. With such interactions, the additional adsorbent material (1c) is formulated onto and within the porous substrate (la). Thereafter, the sheet so prepared is formed in shape of the formed honeycomb matrix structure. The formation can be either by way of rolling or stacking. Thereafter, the formed honeycomb matrix structure is dipped into a bath of the first adsorbent material (lb), and allowed to dry therein. Upon drying, the formed honeycomb contactor (1) is formulated onto and within, with each of the first adsorbent material (lb) and the additional adsorbent material (1c). In another embodiment of method of preparing the formed honeycomb matrix structure, as seen in Fig. 2c, the porous substrate (la) is provided, while a slurry of mixture of the first adsorbent material (lb) and the additional adsorbent material (1c) is provided. In this embodiment of the method, the porous substrate (la) is evenly contacted with the slurry of the first adsorbent material (lb) and the additional adsorbent material (1c). Thereafter, the sheet of the porous substrate (la) is allowed to absorb the slurry, and to be solidified therein. With such interactions, each of the first adsorbent material (lb) and the additional adsorbent material (1c) is formulated onto and within the porous substrate (la). Thus, the sheet is given a corrugated form. Thereafter, the sheet so prepared is formed in shape of the formed honeycomb matrix structure. The formation can be either by way of rolling or stacking.

[0080] In another embodiment of method of preparing the formed honeycomb matrix structure, as seen in Fig. 2e, the porous substrate (la) is provided in form of a formed honeycomb structure prepared from a corrugated sheet. The corrugated sheet is formed in shape of the formed honeycomb structure. The formation can be either by way of rolling or stacking. Moreover, a slurry of the additional adsorbent material (1c) is prepared. In this embodiment of the method, the formed honeycomb structure is initially evenly contacted with the slurry of the additional adsorbent material (1c). Thereafter, the formed honeycomb structure is allowed to absorb the slurry of the additional adsorbent material (1c), and to be solidified therein. With such interactions, the additional adsorbent material (1c) is formulated onto and within the formed honeycomb structure. Thus, the formed honeycomb matrix structure is prepared. Thereafter, the formed honeycomb matrix structure is dipped into a bath of the first adsorbent material (lb), and allowed to dry therein. Upon drying, the formed honeycomb contactor (1) is formulated onto and within, with each of the first adsorbent material (lb) and the additional adsorbent material (1c).

[0081] In another embodiment of method of preparing the formed honeycomb matrix structure, as seen in Fig. 2f, the porous substrate (la) is provided in form of a formed honeycomb structure prepared from a corrugated sheet. The corrugated sheet is formed in shape of the formed honeycomb structure. The formation can be either by way of rolling or stacking. Moreover, a slurry of a mixture of the first adsorbent material (lb) and the additional adsorbent material (1c) is prepared. In this embodiment of the method, the formed honeycomb structure is initially evenly contacted with the slurry of the mixture of the first adsorbent material (lb) and the additional adsorbent material (1c). Thereafter, the formed honeycomb structure is allowed to absorb the slurry, and to be solidified therein. With such interactions, each of the first adsorbent material (lb) and the additional adsorbent material (1c) is formulated onto and within the formed honeycomb structure. Thus, the formed honeycomb contactor (1) is prepared. PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE CONTACTOR / FORMED HONEYCOMB CONTACTOR

[0082] 1stembodiment of the formed honeycomb contactor (1)

[0083] In a first preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the formed honeycomb matrix structure comprises a porous substrate (la), and only one (1) adsorbent material, named a first adsorbent material (lb), is formulated onto and within the porous substrate (la), wherein the first adsorbent material (lb) is amine-based adsorbent and is capable of adsorbing carbon dioxide form the dry and / or wet gas stream. The porous substrate (la) can be selected from any of the afore-defined list of porous substrate (la). The first adsorbent material (lb) is an amine-based adsorbent material selected from the aforementioned list of amine-based adsorbent materials. A loading capacity of the first adsorbent material (lb) relative to the formed honeycomb matrix structure is in a range of 30% to 90 % by weight. A weight ratio between the first adsorbent material (lb), to the porous substrate (la), is 8: 1. A variety of methods may be employed for preparing the first embodiment of the formed honeycomb contactor (1). Particularly, any of the method, described in figs. 2a and 2d, can be used for preparing the first embodiment of the formed honeycomb contactor (1).

[0084] 2ndembodiment of the formed honeycomb matrix structure

[0085] In a second preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the formed honeycomb matrix structure comprises a porous substrate (la), and two (2) adsorbent material, namely a first adsorbent material (lb) and an additional adsorbent material (1c), each of which is formulated onto and within the porous substrate (la), wherein the first adsorbent material (lb) is amine-based adsorbent material and is capable of adsorbing carbon dioxide form the dry and / or wet gas stream, while the additional adsorbent material (1c) is amine-based adsorbent material and is capable of adsorbing moisture and / or carbon dioxide from the dry and / or wet gas stream. The porous substrate (la) can be selected from any of the afore-defined list of porous substrate (la). Each of the first adsorbent material (lb) and the additional adsorbent material (1c) are amine-based adsorbent materials selected from the aforementioned list of amine-based adsorbent materials. A loading capacity of the first adsorbent material (lb) and the additional adsorbent material (1c), relative to the formed honeycomb matrix structure is in a range of 30% to 90 % by weight. A weight ratio between the combination of the first adsorbent material (lb) and the additional adsorbent material (1c), to the porous substrate (la), is 8:1. A variety of methods may be employed for preparing the second embodiment of the formed honeycomb contactor (1). Particularly, any of the method, described in figs. 2b, 2c, 2e, and 2f, can be used for preparing the second embodiment of the formed honeycomb contactor (1).

[0086] 3rdembodiment of the formed honeycomb matrix structure

[0087] In a first preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the formed honeycomb contactor (1) comprises a porous substrate (la), and only one (1) adsorbent material, named a first adsorbent material (lb), is formulated onto and within the porous substrate (la), wherein the first adsorbent material (lb) is a physisorbent, and is capable of adsorbing carbon dioxide form the dry and / or wet gas stream. The porous substrate (la) can be selected from any of the afore-defined list of porous substrate (la)s. The first adsorbent material (lb) is a physisorbent material selected from the aforementioned list of physisorbent materials, i.e. any of the MOF, COF, ZIFs, an inorganic material, and / or a combination thereof. A loading capacity of the first adsorbent material (lb) relative to the formed honeycomb contactor (1) is in a range of greater than 85% by weight. A weight ratio between the first adsorbent material (lb), to the porous substrate (la), is 8: 1. A variety of methods may be employed for preparing the third embodiment of the formed honeycomb contactor (1). Particularly, any of the method, described in figs. 2a and 2d, can be used for preparing the third embodiment of the formed honeycomb contactor (1).

[0088] 4thembodiment of the formed honeycomb matrix structure

[0089] In a fourth preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the formed honeycomb matrix structure comprises a porous substrate (la), and two (2) adsorbent material, namely a first adsorbent material (lb) and an additional adsorbent material (1c), each of which is formulated onto and within the porous substrate (la), wherein each of the first adsorbent material (lb) is a physisorbent adsorbent material and is capable of adsorbing carbon dioxide form the dry and / or wet gas stream, while the additional adsorbent material (1c) is a physisorbent adsorbent material and is capable of adsorbing moisture from the dry and / or wet gas stream. The porous substrate (la) can be selected from any of the afore-defined list of porous substrate (la). Each of the first adsorbent material (lb) and the additional adsorbent material (1c) are amine-based adsorbent materials selected from the aforementioned list of amine-based adsorbent materials. A loading capacity of the first adsorbent material (lb) and the additional adsorbent material (1c), relative to the formed honeycomb matrix structure is in a range of 30% to 90 % by weight. A weight ratio between the combination of the first adsorbent material (lb) and the additional adsorbent material (1c), to the porous substrate (la), is 8: 1. A variety of methods may be employed for preparing the second embodiment of the formed honeycomb contactor (1). Particularly, any of the method, described in figs. 2b, 2c, 2e, and 2f, can be used for preparing the second embodiment of the formed honeycomb contactor (1).

[0090] APPARATUS

[0091] In the appended the figures, the reference numbers are described as follows:

[0092] The terms ‘system’, 'apparatus’, and ‘carbon-capture apparatus’, ‘adsorbent apparatus’, interchangeably, refer to an arrangement of various components for capturing carbon dioxide from airstream or gas stream.

[0093] The terms ‘gas’, ‘gas stream’, ‘air’, ‘airstream’, ‘airflow’, ‘fluid’, ‘flue gases’, are interchangeably referred to each other, wherein the terms refer to a flowing air or gas stream from which carbondioxide is intended to be captured.

[0094] The terms ‘honeycomb contactor’, ‘contactor’, ‘rotor’, ‘wheel’, ‘module’, ‘adsorbent compounded honeycomb contactor’ and ‘formed honeycomb contactor’, are interchangeably referred to each other, wherein the terms refer to a rotary wheel or a fixed module, such that carbon dioxide is captured at one portion thereof while passing the air therethrough, while carbon dioxide is released at another portion thereof while passing the air therethrough.

[0095] The terms ‘outside air’, ‘outside airstream’, ‘ambient air’, and ‘ambient airstream’, are interchangeably referred to each other, wherein the terms refer to air generally available in outside environment.

[0096] Referring to figs. 3a-5b, there are shown various embodiments of the adsorption apparatus deploying the formed honeycomb contactor (1) of the present invention. Figure 3a-3f shows a first, second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth embodiment of the adsorption apparatus of the present invention, each of which are essentially a wheel-type adsorption apparatus. Figure 4a and 4b shows an adsorption system deploying a seventh and eight embodiment of the adsorption apparatus, each of which is essentially a wheel-type adsorption apparatus. Figure 5a and 5b shows a seventh and eighth embodiment of the carbon-capture apparatus, which is essentially a module-type carbon- capture apparatuses.

[0097] Various embodiment of the adsorption apparatus of the present disclosure, can be deployed for various applications, such as A) post-combustion capture application, wherein carbon dioxide is captured from flue gases generated by industrial waste air, and thus release relatively purified air to environment; B) Direct air capture (DAC) application, wherein carbon dioxide is captured from outside environment air, and thus release relatively purified air to environment; and C) Room -air purification application, wherein carbon dioxide is captured from room air and thus release relatively purified air in the room. For ease in reference and understanding, concepts of the adsorption apparatus defined hereinafter will be focused on either of A) post-combustion capture application or B) Direct air capture (DAC) application, while it may be obvious to a person skilled in the art that the concepts of the present disclosure may also extend C) Room-air purification application, as well.

[0098] Figure 3a can be referred to for details of the first embodiment of the adsorption apparatus, in accordance with the concepts of the present disclosure. The first embodiment of the adsorption apparatus is a wheel-type carbon capture apparatus. In accordance with the concepts of the present disclosure, the adsorption apparatus comprises the afore-defined formed honeycomb contactor (1) of the present invention; a wheel drive (5) for continuously rotating / driving the contactor (1); a housing provided with internal baffles and air seals proximate to the wheel face to create plenums or sectors and prevent air from leaking between adjacent sectors defined in the contactor (1) while creating air paths for air to pass through the contactor (1); and one or more fans (7, 21) to create airflows through the air paths (8, 9, 13, 18) so defined by the housing. Particularly, in the first embodiment of the adsorption apparatus, the same comprises any of the first preferred embodiment or the second preferred embodiment of the formed honeycomb contactor (1), i.e. either one (1) first adsorbent material (lb) of amine-based adsorbent materials, or two (2) adsorbent materials namely the first adsorbent material (lb) and the additional adsorbent material (1c) each being amine-based adsorbent materials, is deployed. In the first embodiment of the adsorption apparatus, the contactor (1) comprises of two sectors for allowing air to pass therethrough, i.e. a process sector (2) and a reactivation sector (3). Notably, the air-paths defined, are a process inlet air-path (8), a process outlet air-path (9), a reactivation inlet air-path (13), and a reactivation outlet-air path (18). The following definition of air-paths should be referred:

[0099] Air flowing in the process inlet air-path (8) can be termed as ‘process inlet air’;

[0100] Air flowing in the process outlet air-path (9) can be termed as ‘process outlet air’,

[0101] A combination of the ‘process inlet air’ and the ‘process outlet air’ is termed as ‘process air’.

[0102] Air flowing in the reactivation inlet air-path (13) can be termed as ‘reactivation inlet air’ Fluid flowing in the reactivation inlet air-path (13) can be termed as ‘reactivation inlet fluid’

[0103] Fluid flowing in the reactivation outlet air-path (18) can be termed as ‘reactivation outlet fluid’

[0104] A combination of the ‘reactivation inlet fluid’ including “reactivation inlet air” and the ‘reactivation outlet air’ is termed as ‘reactivation fluid’.

[0105] A first fan (7) is deployed to generate a flow of the process air, wherein the process inlet air (for example, flue gases from industrial waste) is received through the process inlet air-path (8), passed through the process sector (2) of the contactor (1), and then the process outlet air is vent (for example, to external environment) through the process outlet air-path (9). In some embodiments, the process inlet air is preconditioned before being introduced to the process inlet air-path (8). While the process air is passed through the process sector (2) of the contactor (1), carbon dioxide in the process air is captured therein, and thus the carbon dioxide concentration of the process outlet air is very less than the carbon dioxide concentration in the process inlet air. Further, a second fan (21) is installed to generate reactivation air. Particularly, the second fan (21) operates to receive reactivation inlet air within the reactivation inlet air-path (13). Further, a steam generator (15) (optional / selective) adds steam to the reactivation inlet air in the reactivation inlet air-path (13), through a valve (16). Thus, the second fan (21) also causes reactivation inlet fluid (i.e. a mixture of the reactivation inlet air and steam) to be received through the reactivation inlet airpath (13), passed through the reactivation sector (3) of the contactor (1), and then the reactivation outlet fluid is vent (for example, to external environment) through the reactivation outlet air-path (18). Additionally, a vacuum pump (19) (optional / selective) is fluidly connected to the reactivation outlet air-path via a valve (16a), to release pressure in the reactivation outlet air-path (18) thereof. It may be noted that a heating unit (12) is additionally installed (optionally / selectively) within the reactivation inlet air-path (13) to heat the reactivation inlet air, before passing the reactivation air through the reactivation sector (3) of the contactor (1). A placement / location of the fans in the figures is exemplary in nature, and does not limit the scope of the present disclosure.

[0106] In operation of the first embodiment of the adsorption apparatus, the first fan (7) is operated to generate the flow of process air. Particularly, process inlet air (for example, flue gases from industrial waste) is received through the process inlet air-path (8), to be further passed through the process sector (2) of the contactor (1), and to be later vent the process outlet air through the process outlet air-path (9) (for example, to external environment). While passing the process air through the process sector (2) of the contactor (1), carbon dioxide within the process air is captured therein. Therefore, the process outlet air vent through the process outlet air-path (9) has relatively low carbon dioxide concentrations, as compared to the process inlet air entering through the process inlet air-path (8). Furthermore, the second fan (21) is operated to cause receiving of reactivation air within the reactivation air-path (13). Concurrent to such airflow, the steam generator unit (15) supplies steam to the reactivation air. A mixture of reactivation air and steam is thus available in the reactivation inlet air-path (13), and is termed as ‘reactivation inlet fluid’. It may be noted that in addition to above, the second fan (21) also causes the reactivation inlet fluid in the reactivation inlet air-path (13), to be passed through the reactivation sector (3) of the contactor (1), and further vent the reactivation outlet fluid in the reactivation outlet air-path (18). It may be noted that passing the reactivation fluid through the reactivation sector (3) of the contactor (1), causes release of the carbon dioxide from the reactivation sector (3) of the contactor (1). Therefore, the contactor (1) is regenerated, to be reused again. In particular, the wheel drive (5) continuously rotates the contactor (1), for enabling various portions / sectors of the contactor (1) to be used and reused.

[0107] Figure 3b can be referred to for details of the second embodiment of the adsorption apparatus, in accordance with the concepts of the present disclosure. The second embodiment of the adsorption apparatus is essentially a wheel-type carbon capture apparatus. In accordance with the concepts of the present disclosure, the adsorption apparatus comprises the afore-defined formed honeycomb contactor (1) of the present invention; a wheel drive (5) for continuously rotating / driving the contactor (1); a housing provided with internal baffles and air seals proximate to the wheel face to create plenums or sectors and prevent air from leaking between adjacent sectors defined in the contactor (1) while creating air paths for air to pass through the formed honeycomb contactor (1); and one or more fans (7, 21) to create airflows through the air paths (8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 18) so defined by the housing. Particularly, in the second embodiment of the adsorption apparatus, the same comprises any of the first preferred embodiment or the second preferred embodiment of the formed honeycomb contactor (1), i.e. either one (1) first adsorbent material (lb) of amine-based adsorbent materials, or two (2) adsorbent materials namely the first adsorbent material (lb) and the additional adsorbent material (1c) each being amine-based adsorbent materials, is deployed. In the second embodiment of the adsorption apparatus, the formed honeycomb contactor (1) comprises of three sectors for allowing air to pass therethrough, i.e. a process sector (2), two purge sector (4) namely a first purge sector (4) and a second purge sector (4a), and a reactivation sector (3). Notably, the air-paths defined, are a process inlet air-path (8), a process outlet air-path (9), a reactivation inlet air-path (17), and a reactivation outlet-air path (18), and a heat-recovery loop air-path (36) is provided. The following definition of air-paths should be referred:

[0108] Air flowing in the process inlet air-path (8) can be termed as ‘process inlet air’; Air flowing in the process outlet air-path (9) can be termed as ‘process outlet air’,

[0109] A combination of the ‘process inlet air’ and the ‘process outlet air’ is termed as ‘process air’.

[0110] Air flowing in the heat-recovery loop air-path (36) can be termed as ‘purge heat-recovery air’

[0111] Air flowing in the reactivation inlet air-path (13) can be termed as ‘reactivation inlet air’

[0112] Fluid flowing in the reactivation inlet air-path (13) can be termed as ‘reactivation inlet fluid’

[0113] Fluid flowing in the reactivation outlet air-path (18) can be termed as ‘reactivation outlet fluid’

[0114] A combination of the ‘reactivation inlet fluid’ including “reactivation inlet air” and the ‘reactivation outlet air’ is termed as ‘reactivation fluid’.

[0115] A first fan (7) is deployed to generate a flow of the process air, wherein the process inlet air (for example, flue gases from industrial waste) is received through the process inlet air-path (8), passed through the process sector (2) of the contactor (1), and then the process outlet air is vent (for example, to external environment) through the process outlet air-path (9). In some embodiments, the process inlet air is preconditioned before being introduced to the process inlet air-path (8). While the process air is passed through the process sector (2) of the contactor (1), carbon dioxide in the process air is captured therein, and thus the carbon dioxide concentration of the process outlet air is very less than the carbon dioxide concentration in the process inlet air. Further, a third fan (37) is installed to generate ‘purge heat-recovery air’ through the heat-recovery loop air-path (36), which recirculates air from each of the first purge sector (4) and the second purge sector (4a). Further, a second fan (21) is installed to generate reactivation air. Therefore, the second fan (21) causes the reactivation inlet air in the reactivation inlet air-path (13), to be passed through the reactivation sector (3), to be outlet as the reactivation outlet air-path (18). Additionally, a steam generator (15) (optional / selective) adds steam to the reactivation inlet air in the reactivation inlet air-path (13), through a valve (16). Thus, the second fan (21) also causes reactivation inlet fluid (i.e. a mixture of the reactivation inlet air and steam) to be received through the reactivation inlet air-path (13), passed through the reactivation sector (3) of the contactor (1), and then the reactivation outlet fluid is vent (for example, to external environment) through the reactivation outlet air-path (18). Additionally, a vacuum pump (19) (optional / selective) is fluidly connected to the reactivation outlet air-path via a valve (16a), to release pressure in the reactivation outlet air- path (18) thereof. It may be noted that a heating unit (12) is additionally installed (optionally / selectively) within the reactivation inlet air-path (13) to heat the reactivation inlet air, before passing the reactivation air through the reactivation sector (3) of the contactor (1). A placement / location of the fans in the figures is exemplary in nature, and does not limit the scope of the present disclosure.

[0116] In operation of the second embodiment of the adsorption apparatus, the first fan (7) is operated to generate the flow of process air. Particularly, process inlet air passes (for example, flue gases from industrial waste) is received through the process inlet air-path (9), to be further passed through the process sector (2) of the contactor (1), and to be later vent the process outlet air through the process outlet air-path (9) (for example, to external environment). While passing the process air through the process sector (2) of the contactor (1), carbon dioxide within the process air is captured therein. Therefore, the process outlet air vent through the process outlet air-path (9) has relatively low carbon dioxide concentrations, as compared to the process inlet air entering through the process inlet air-path (8). Furthermore, the third fan (21) is operated to cause the flow of ‘purge heatrecovery fluid’ through the heat-recovery loop air-path (36), which recirculates purge heatrecovery fluid’ from each of the first purge sector (4) and the second purge sector (4a). A mixture of reactivation air and steam is thus available in the reactivation inlet air-path (13), and is termed as ‘reactivation inlet fluid’. It may be noted that in addition to above, the second fan (21) also causes the reactivation inlet fluid in the reactivation inlet air-path (13), to be passed through the reactivation sector (3) of the contactor (1), and further vent the reactivation outlet fluid in the reactivation outlet air-path (18). It may be noted that passing the reactivation fluid through the reactivation sector (3) of the contactor (1), causes release of the carbon dioxide from the reactivation sector (3) of the contactor (1). Therefore, the contactor (1) is regenerated, to be reused again. In particular, the wheel drive (5) continuously rotates the contactor (1), for enabling various portions / sectors of the contactor (1) to be used and reused.

[0117] Figure 3c can be referred to for details of the third embodiment of the adsorption apparatus, in accordance with the concepts of the present disclosure. The third embodiment of the adsorption apparatus is a wheel-type carbon capture apparatus. In accordance with the concepts of the present disclosure, the adsorption apparatus comprises the afore-defined formed honeycomb contactor (1) of the present invention; a wheel drive (5) for continuously rotating / driving the contactor (1); a housing provided with internal baffles and air seals proximate to the wheel face to create plenums or sectors and prevent air from leaking between adjacent sectors defined in the contactor (1) while creating air paths for air to pass through the contactor (1); and one or more fans (7, 21) to create airflows through the air paths (8, 9, 13, 18) so defined by the housing. Particularly, in the third embodiment of the adsorption apparatus, the same comprises the third preferred embodiment of the formed honeycomb contactor (1), i.e. one (1) first adsorbent material (lb) of amine-based adsorbent materials is deployed. A structure, arrangement, and connection of the third embodiment of the adsorption apparatus is same as that of the first embodiment of the adsorption apparatus, and is not repeated herein for the sake of brevity. An operation of the third embodiment of the adsorption apparatus is also same as that of the first embodiment of the adsorption apparatus, and is not repeated herein for the sake of brevity. Thereby, the third embodiment of the adsorption apparatus is capable of efficiently adsorbing carbon dioxide from the dry and / or wet gas stream.

[0118] Additionally, the third embodiment of the adsorption apparatus deploys a water harvesting unit deployed at a colling coil (32a) thereof, for extracting water from the moisture in the reactivation outlet air in the reactivation outlet air-path (18). Particularly, the colling coil (32a) causes condensation of the moisture in the reactivation outlet air, to collect water in the collection tray, and further store water in the water storage tank (33).

[0119] Figure 3d can be referred to for details of the fourth embodiment of the adsorption apparatus, in accordance with the concepts of the present disclosure. The fourth embodiment of the adsorption apparatus is a wheel-type carbon capture apparatus. In accordance with the concepts of the present disclosure, the adsorption apparatus comprises the afore-defined formed honeycomb contactor (1) of the present invention; a wheel drive (5) for continuously rotating / driving the contactor (1); a housing provided with internal baffles and air seals proximate to the wheel face to create plenums or sectors and prevent air from leaking between adjacent sectors defined in the contactor (1), while creating air paths for air to pass through the contactor (1); and one or more fans (7, 21) to create airflows through the air paths (8, 9, 13, 18) so defined by the housing. Particularly, in the fourth embodiment of the adsorption apparatus, the same comprises the fourth preferred embodiment of the formed honeycomb contactor (1), i.e. two (2) adsorbents namely a first adsorbent material (lb) of physisorbent adsorbent material for capturing carbon dioxide from the wet gas stream, and an additional adsorbent material (1c) of physisorbent adsorbent material for adsorption of moisture from the wet gas stream, is deployed. A structure, arrangement, and connection of the fourth embodiment of the adsorption apparatus is same as that of the first embodiment of the adsorption apparatus, and is not repeated herein for the sake of brevity. An operation of the fourth embodiment of the adsorption apparatus is also same as that of the first embodiment of the adsorption apparatus, and is not repeated herein for the sake of brevity. Thereby, the fourth embodiment of the adsorption apparatus is capable of efficiently adsorbing carbon dioxide from the dry and / or wet gas stream, and is also capable of adsorbing moisture from the wet gas stream. Additionally, the fourth embodiment of the adsorption apparatus deploys a water harvesting unit deployed at a colling coil (32a) thereof, for extracting water from the moisture in the reactivation outlet air in the reactivation outlet air-path (18). Particularly, the colling coil (32a) causes condensation of the moisture in the reactivation outlet air, to collect water in the collection tray, and further store water in the water storage tank (33).

[0120] Figure 3e can be referred to for details of the fifth embodiment of the adsorption apparatus, in accordance with the concepts of the present disclosure. The fifth embodiment of the adsorption apparatus is essentially a wheel-type carbon capture apparatus. In accordance with the concepts of the present disclosure, the adsorption apparatus comprises the afore-defined formed honeycomb contactor (1) of the present invention; a wheel drive (5) for continuously rotating / driving the contactor (1); a housing provided with internal baffles and air seals proximate to the wheel face to create plenums or sectors and prevent air from leaking between adjacent sectors defined in the contactor (1) while creating air paths for air to pass through the formed honeycomb contactor (1); and one or more fans (7, 21) to create airflows through the air paths (8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 18) so defined by the housing. Particularly, in the fifth embodiment of the adsorption apparatus, the same comprises the fourth preferred embodiment of the formed honeycomb contactor (1), i.e. two (2) adsorbent materials namely the first adsorbent material (lb) and the additional adsorbent material (1c) each being physisorbent adsorbent materials, are deployed. In the second embodiment of the adsorption apparatus, the formed honeycomb contactor (1) comprises of three sectors for allowing air to pass therethrough, i.e. a process sector (2), a purge sector (4), and a reactivation sector (3). Notably, the air-paths defined, are a process inlet air-path (8), a process outlet air-path (9), a purge inlet air-path (10), a purge outlet air-path (11), a reactivation inlet air-path (13), and a reactivation outlet-air path (18). The following definition of air-paths should be referred:

[0121] Air flowing in the process inlet air-path (8) can be termed as ‘process inlet air’;

[0122] Air flowing in the process outlet air-path (9) can be termed as ‘process outlet air’,

[0123] A combination of the ‘process inlet air’ and the ‘process outlet air’ is termed as ‘process air’.

[0124] Air flowing in the purge inlet air-path (10) can be termed as ‘purge inlet air’

[0125] Air flowing in the purge outlet air-path (11) can be termed as ‘purge outlet air’

[0126] A combination of the ‘purge inlet air’ and the ‘purge outlet air’ is termed as ‘purge air’.

[0127] Air flowing in the reactivation inlet air-path (13) can be termed as ‘reactivation inlet air’ Fluid flowing in the reactivation inlet air-path (13) can be termed as ‘reactivation inlet fluid’

[0128] Fluid flowing in the reactivation outlet air-path (18) can be termed as ‘reactivation outlet fluid’

[0129] A combination of the ‘reactivation inlet fluid’ including “reactivation inlet air” and the ‘reactivation outlet air’ is termed as ‘reactivation fluid’.

[0130] A first fan (7) is deployed to generate a flow of the process air, wherein the process inlet air (for example, flue gases from industrial waste) is received through the process inlet air-path (8), passed through the process sector (2) of the contactor (1), and then the process outlet air is vent (for example, to external environment) through the process outlet air-path (9). In some embodiments, the process inlet air is preconditioned before being introduced to the process inlet air-path (8). While the process air is passed through the process sector (2) of the contactor (1), carbon dioxide in the process air is captured therein, and thus the carbon dioxide concentration of the process outlet air is very less than the carbon dioxide concentration in the process inlet air. Further, a second fan (21) is installed to generate both purge air and reactivation air. It may be noted that the purge inlet air-path (10) is fluidly connected to the process inlet air-path (8) to transfer portion of process inlet air as the purge inlet air in the purge inlet air-path (10), while the purge outlet airpath (11) is fluidly connected to the reactivation inlet air-path (13) to transfer the purge outlet air to the reactivation inlet air. Therefore, the second fan (21) causes to receive the portion of the process inlet air from the process inlet air-path (8) to the purge inlet air in the purge inlet air-path (10), pass the purge air through the purge sector (4), and then transfer the purge outlet air in the purge outlet air-path (11) to the reactivation inlet air in the reactivation inlet air-path (13). Additionally, a steam generator (15) (optional / selective) adds steam to the reactivation inlet air in the reactivation inlet air-path (13), through a valve (16). Thus, the second fan (21) also causes reactivation inlet fluid (i.e. a mixture of the reactivation inlet air and steam) to be received through the reactivation inlet air-path (13), passed through the reactivation sector (3) of the contactor (1), and then the reactivation outlet fluid is vent (for example, to external environment) through the reactivation outlet air-path (18). Additionally, a vacuum pump (19) (optional / selective) is fluidly connected to the reactivation outlet air-path via a valve (16a), to release pressure in the reactivation outlet air-path (18) thereof. It may be noted that a heating unit (12) is additionally installed (optionally / selectively) within the reactivation inlet air-path (13) to heat the reactivation inlet air, before passing the reactivation air through the reactivation sector (3) of the contactor (1). A placement / location of the fans in the figures is exemplary in nature, and does not limit the scope of the present disclosure. In operation of the second embodiment of the adsorption apparatus, the first fan (7) is operated to generate the flow of process air. Particularly, process inlet air passes (for example, flue gases from industrial waste) is received through the process inlet air-path (9), to be further passed through the process sector (2) of the contactor (1), and to be later vent the process outlet air through the process outlet air-path (9) (for example, to external environment). While passing the process air through the process sector (2) of the contactor (1), carbon dioxide within the process air is captured therein. Therefore, the process outlet air vent through the process outlet air-path (9) has relatively low carbon dioxide concentrations, as compared to the process inlet air entering through the process inlet air-path (8). Furthermore, the second fan (21) is operated to cause extraction of a portion of the process inlet air from the process inlet air-path (8) to the purge inlet air in the purge inlet airpath (11), and to further cause the purge air to pass through the purge sector (4) of the contactor (1), and additionally to further cause supply of the purge outlet air in the purge outlet air-path (11) to the reactivation inlet air in the reactivation inlet air-path (13). Concurrent to such airflow, the steam generator unit (15) supplies steam to the reactivation air. A mixture of reactivation air and steam is thus available in the reactivation inlet air-path (13), and is termed as ‘reactivation inlet fluid’. It may be noted that in addition to above, the second fan (21) also causes the reactivation inlet fluid in the reactivation inlet air-path (13), to be passed through the reactivation sector (3) of the contactor (1), and further vent the reactivation outlet fluid in the reactivation outlet air-path (18). It may be noted that passing the reactivation fluid through the reactivation sector (3) of the contactor (1), causes release of the carbon dioxide from the reactivation sector (3) of the contactor (1). Therefore, the contactor (1) is regenerated, to be reused again. In particular, the wheel drive (5) continuously rotates the contactor (1), for enabling various portions / sectors of the contactor (1) to be used and reused.

[0131] Figure 3f can be referred to for details of the sixth embodiment of the adsorption apparatus, in accordance with the concepts of the present disclosure. The sixth embodiment of the adsorption apparatus is a wheel-type carbon capture apparatus. In accordance with the concepts of the present disclosure, the adsorption apparatus comprises the afore-defined formed honeycomb contactor (1) of the present invention; a wheel drive (5) for continuously rotating / driving the contactor (1); a housing provided with internal baffles and air seals proximate to the wheel face to create plenums or sectors and prevent air from leaking between adjacent sectors defined in the contactor (1), while creating air paths for air to pass through the contactor (1); and one or more fans (7, 21) to create airflows through the air paths (8, 9, 13, 18) so defined by the housing. Particularly, in the sixth embodiment of the adsorption apparatus, the same comprises the fourth preferred embodiment of the formed honeycomb contactor (1), i.e. two (2) adsorbents namely a first adsorbent material (lb) of physisorbent adsorbent material for capturing carbon dioxide from the wet gas stream, and an additional adsorbent material (1c) of physisorbent adsorbent material for adsorption of moisture from the wet gas stream, is deployed. A structure, arrangement, and connection of the sixth embodiment of the adsorption apparatus is same as that of the second embodiment of the adsorption apparatus, and is not repeated herein for the sake of brevity. An operation of the sixth embodiment of the adsorption apparatus is also same as that of the second embodiment of the adsorption apparatus, and is not repeated herein for the sake of brevity. Thereby, the sixth embodiment of the adsorption apparatus is capable of efficiently adsorbing carbon dioxide from the dry and / or wet gas stream, and is also capable of adsorbing moisture from the wet gas stream.

[0132] Figure 4a shows an adsorption system with a seventh embodiment of the adsorption apparatus of the present invention. The adsorption system is a two-wheel system, deploying the seventh embodiment of the adsorption apparatus same as the fifth embodiment of the adsorption apparatus of the present invention. Particularly, in this embodiment, the seventh embodiment of the adsorption apparatus comprises the fourth preferred embodiment of the formed honeycomb contactor (1), i.e. two (2) adsorbent materials namely the first adsorbent material (lb) and the additional adsorbent material (1c) each being physisorbent adsorbent materials, are deployed, for capturing carbon dioxide form the gas stream. The seventh embodiment of the adsorption apparatus includes a wheel defining a process sector (2), a reactivation sector (3), and a purge sector (4). Upstream of the seventh embodiment of the adsorption apparatus, there is deployed a desiccant apparatus with a desiccant wheel (la), wherein the desiccant wheel (la) carries a formed honeycomb matrix, the formed honeycomb matrix comprising a porous substrate (la) and a desiccant material formulated onto and within the porous substrate (la), the desiccant material being capable of substantially adsorbing moisture from the wet gas stream. The desiccant wheel defines a process sector (2a) and a reactivation sector (3a). Accordingly, the desiccant wheel of the desiccant apparatus adsorbing moisture from the wet gas stream, while the adsorption apparatus predominantly captures carbon dioxide from the wet gas stream.

[0133] Figure 4b shows an adsorption system with a eight embodiment of the adsorption apparatus of the present invention. This adsorption system is same as that of the previous embodiment of the adsorption system with a seventh embodiment of the adsorption apparatus of the present invention. This adsorption system additionally deploys a water harvesting unit deployed at a colling coil (32a) thereof, for extracting water from the moisture in the reactivation outlet air in the reactivation outlet air-path (18). Particularly, the colling coil (32a) causes condensation of the moisture in the reactivation outlet air, to collect water in the collection tray, and further store water in the water storage tank (33). In the embodiments of adsorption system with dual-wheel apparatuses, as shown in figure 4b, there is used a combination a desiccant apparatus for adsorption of moisture from the wet gas stream, and an adsorption apparatus for capturing carbon dioxide from the wet gas stream, along with a water harvesting unit deployed with the desiccant apparatus. The water harvesting unit comprises a water collection tray positioned beneath a cooling coil (32b) for collecting water condensed from the moisture condensed in the cooling coil (32b) of the desiccant apparatus, and a water storage tank for collecting and storing the water thereof. Since, a combination of the desiccant apparatus and the adsorption apparatus are used herein, it results multiple advantages, i.e. (i) achieving enhanced carbon dioxide capture as moisture from the wet gas stream is firstly adsorbed, followed by capturing of the carbon dioxide from the wet gas stream, thereby moisture does not hamper capturing of the carbon dioxide; (ii) harvesting of water along with capturing of the carbon dioxide from the gas stream; and (iii) energy optimization by implementing water harvesting from the reactivation outlet air of the carbon-capture adsorption apparatus, which results in a net very reduced kWh per ton of carbon dioxide removed per year as the kWh for water removal is not applied to carbon dioxide removal but applied to and taken as a credit towards water harvested.

[0134] Figure 5a shows a seventh embodiment of the carbon-capture apparatus, which is a single module type carbon-capture apparatus. In the seventh embodiment, the carbon-capture apparatus comprises a module (23) that can be used alternatively as adsorber unit and disrober unit, in an adsorption stage and a desorption stage, respectively. The module can be based on any of the four preferred embodiments of the formed honeycomb contactor (1). Particularly, in the adsorption stage of the carbon-capture apparatus, the module (23) can be used as adsorber for capturing carbon dioxide from an airflow passing therethrough. Whereas, in the desorption stage of the carbon-capture apparatus, the module (23) can be used as desorber for releasing carbon dioxide from a fluid passing therethrough. For such purposes, a blower fan (7) is fluidly connected to the module (23), by each of an adsorption line (24) and a desorption line (25). The blower fan (7) is further fluidly connected to each of a supply of flue gases, and a supply of ambient air, to selectively supply flue gases to the module (23) through the adsorption line (24) at the stage of adsorption, while supply ambient air to the module (23) through the desorption line (25) at the stage of desorption. Such selective supply of flue gases or ambient air can be controlled by one or more valves (not shown). Additionally, a heating unit (12) is installed within the desorption line (25) to heat the reactivation inlet air (ambient air) passing through the desorption line (25). Additionally, a steam generation unit (15) is fluidly connected to the desorption line (25), to add steam to the reactivation inlet air. In operation, the one or more valves are initially manipulated, to operate the carbon-capture apparatus in adsorption stage. In the adsorption stage, the blower fan (7) supplies flue gases to the module (23) through the adsorption line (24). Particularly, a portion of flue gases are received as process inlet air, passed through the module (23), and then vent as process outlet air to external environment through process outlet air-path. In such operations, the carbon dioxide is captured within the module (23), and thus carbon dioxide concentration of the process outlet air is very less than the carbon dioxide concentration of the process inlet air. Thus, the process air is purified. Now, the module (23) is required to be regenerated to be used again. For such purposes, the one or more valves are initially manipulated, to operate the carbon-capture apparatus in desorption stage. In the desorption stage, the blower fan (7) supplies ambient air to the module (23) through the desorption line (25). This ambient air can also be termed as reactivation inlet air. The process inlet air is then heated by the heating unit (12). Further, the steam generator unit (15) adds steam to the reactivation inlet air. A mixture of the ‘reactivation inlet air’ and ‘steam’ is termed as ‘reactivation inlet fluid’. Thus, the ‘reactivation inlet fluid’ is passed through the module (23) to reactivate the module (23), and ‘reactivation outlet fluid’ is thus vent. This causes the carbon dioxide to be removed from the module (23). i.e. the carbon dioxide concentration of the ‘reactivation outlet fluid’ is greater than the ‘reactivation inlet fluid’ . Particularly, by doing do, the module (23) is reactivated to be reused again.

[0135] Figure 5b shows an eighth embodiment of the carbon-capture apparatus, which is a double module type carbon-capture apparatus. In the eighth embodiment, the carbon-capture apparatus comprises a first module (23) and a second module (23a), both of these can be used alternatively as adsorber unit and disrober unit. Both modules (23 and 23a) can be based on any of the four preferred embodiments of the formed honeycomb contactor (1). Particularly, in a first cycle, the first module (23) is used as adsorber unit while the second module (23a) is used as disrober unit, whereas, in a second cycle, the first module (23) is used as disrober unit while the second module (23a) is used as adsorber unit. One or more valves (not shown) can be deployed for adjusting the carbon-capture apparatus between the first cycle of operation and the second cycle of operation. For such purposes, a blower fan (7) is fluidly connected to each of the first module (23) and the second module (23a), by an adsorption line (24), to supply flue gases to either of the first module (23) and the second module (23a) to be used as the adsorption unit. Additionally, a second blower (21) is fluidly connected to each of the first module (23) and the second module (23a), by a desorption line (30), to supply ambient air to either of the first module (23) and the second module (23a) to be used as the desorption unit. Additionally, a heating unit (12) is installed within the desorption line (30) to heat the reactivation inlet air (ambient air) passing through the desorption line (30). Additionally, a steam generation unit (15) is fluidly connected to the desorption line (30) via a valve (16), to add steam to the reactivation inlet air. Moreover, a vacuum pump (19) is also fluidly connected to the module (23), for removal of reactivation fluid therefrom.

[0136] In operation, the one or more valves are initially manipulated, to operate the carbon-capture apparatus in the first cycle. In the first cycle, the first module (23) is used as adsorber unit, while the second module (23a) is used as disrober unit. Particularly, the first module (23) is expected to be free from any carbon dioxide captured therein, while the first module (23) is loaded with carbon dioxide captured therein in the previous cycle. In such situations, the first blower fan (7) supplies flue gases to the first module (23) via the adsorption line (24). Particularly, a portion of the flue gases is received as process inlet air through the process inlet air-path (8), passed through the first module (23), and thus the process outlet air is vent through the process outlet air-path (27). In such operations, the carbon dioxide is captured within the module (23), and thus a carbon dioxide concentration of the process outlet air is very less than the carbon dioxide concentration of the process inlet air. Thus, the process air is purified. Concurrently, the second blower fan (21) supplies ambient air as regeneration air to the second module (23a) through the desorption line (30), for its regeneration. Notably, the regeneration air is heated by the heating unit (12), and is also supplied with steam by the steam generator unit (15). A mixture of the heated regeneration air and the steam is termed as ‘regeneration fluid’. Further, the regeneration inlet fluid is fed through the regeneration inlet air-path (17a), to be passed through the second module (23a), and later vent by the vacuum pump (19) as the regeneration outlet fluid through the regeneration outlet air-path (29a). This causes the second module (23a) to be regenerated, i.e. the carbon dioxide concentration in the regeneration outlet fluid is greater than the carbon dioxide concentration in the regeneration inlet fluid. Furthermore, in the second cycle, the first module (23) is used as disrober unit, while the second module (23a) is used as adsorber unit, and the process is repeated. The operation so the second cycle is not repeated herein for the sake of brevity.

[0137] Advantages of the present invention relates to any of the aforementioned adsorption apparatus / adsorption systems deploying the adsorption wheel incorporating special adsorbent materials.

[0138] One advantage of the present invention can be clearly understood from the table below, which shows a comparison of output (both in terms of energy as well as performance) between a conventional granular-type adsorption apparatus deploying adsorption wheel incorporating benchmark material, with respect to the adsorption apparatus deploying adsorption wheel incorporating special adsorption material of the present invention: Test data based on CO2 Adsorption Apparatus of present invention

[0139] Note: All other parameters RH, regeneration temperature, inlet CO2 concentration are same for both tests

[0140] The above table clearly brings about the advantage of the present invention, particularly with industry needs in the context of improved carbon dioxide capture from the dry and / or wet gas stream. As is shown in tabulation above, while keeping the inlet condition same, the conventional adsorption apparatus deploying the conventional contactor of granular-type adsorption material achieved a cycle time of 330 minutes, whereas the adsorption apparatus deploying the formed honeycomb contactor (1) with adsorption material of the present invention achieved a cycle time of 51 minutes, to output substantially same carbon dioxide removal from the dry and / or wet gas stream. Thus, the cycle time achieved by the adsorption apparatus deploying the formed honeycomb contactor (1) with adsorption material of the present invention, is 6 times lower (i.e .within a range of 4-20 times lower), the cycle time achieved by conventional adsorption apparatus deploying the conventional contactor of granular-type adsorption material. Similarly, the amount of the granular-type adsorption material in the conventional contactor of the conventional adsorption apparatus is 45 Ibs / cuft, whereas the amount of the special adsorption material in the formed honeycomb contactor (1) of the adsorption apparatus of the present invention is 11 Ibs / cuft. Thus, the amount of adsorption material in the formed honeycomb contactor (1) of the adsorption apparatus of the present invention, is 4 times lower (i.e .within a range of 4-20 times lower), the amount of granular-type adsorption material in the conventional contactor of conventional adsorption apparatus. Therefore, the cycle time is reduced, while using lesser adsorption material, in the present invention, to achieve same level of carbon dioxide therefrom. LIST OF COMPONENTS

[0141] 1 - Contactor / Module

[0142] 2 - Process Sector

[0143] 3 - Reactivation Sector

[0144] 4 - Purge Sector 7 - Heating Unit

[0145] 7, 21 - Blower fans

[0146] 9, 10, 11, 12, 15 - Air paths

[0147] 12 - Heating Unit

[0148] 15 - Steam generator Unit 23, 23a - Module

Claims

We claim:

1. A formed honeycomb contactor for capturing / removing / separating at least carbon dioxide from a dry and / or wet gas stream, the formed honeycomb contactor comprising:• a porous substrate; and• a first adsorbent material formulated onto and within the porous substrate, the first adsorbent material being adapted to capture at least carbon dioxide from the dry and / or wet gas stream,■ wherein the first adsorbent material at least comprises an amine,■ wherein the adsorbent loading of the first adsorbent material relative to the formed honeycomb contactor, is in a range of 30%-90%,■ wherein a cycle time of the formed honeycomb contactor is 4-20 times lower than granular-packed bed contactor,■ wherein an amount of first adsorbent material used per ton of carbon dioxide captured in the formed honeycomb contactor is at least 4-20 times, lower than the an amount of first adsorbent material used per ton of carbon dioxide captured in the granular-packed bed contactor.

2. The formed honeycomb contactor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the amine is either of a liquid amine, a solid amine, or a combination thereof.

3. The formed honeycomb contactor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the amine is a primary amine, a secondary amine, a tertiary amine, and / or a combinations thereof.

4. The formed honeycomb contactor as claimed in claim 3, wherein the primary amine can be selected from the group consisting of Ethylenediamine (EDA), Putrescine (1,4- diaminobutane) , 3 -Aminopropyltri ethoxy silane (APTES), m-Phenylenediamine p- Phenylenediamine , 1,6-Hexamethylenediamine , 1,3 -Diaminopropane ,Monoethylamine, 2-amino-2-methylpropanol, Diglycolamine, Ethylenediamine, Methylamine, 1,2-Diaminopropane, 3 -Aminopropylamine, Monoethanol amine (MEA), n-Propylamine, n-Butylamine, Isobutylamine, tert-Butylamine, Benzylamine,Cyclohexylamine, , 2-Aminoethanol (ethanolamine), 2- Amino- 1 -propanol, 2-Amino-2- ethyl- 1 ,3 -propanediol, the secondary amine can be selected from the group consisting of Diethanolamine (DEA), Diisopropanolamine (DIPA), Piperazine, Aziridine, Morpholine, Diisopropylamine Isopropanolamine, Dipropanolamine (DPA), Methylethanolamine, Morpholine, Pyrrolidine, Piperidine, Diethylamine (DEA2), Dimethylamine (DMA), Piperidine, and the tertiary amine can be selected from the group consisting of Triethanolamine (TEA), Triisopropanolamine (TIPA), N,N-Dimethylethylenediamine , Triethylamine , N,N- Dimethylaniline , methyldiethanolamine, Trimethylamine (TMA), N- Methyldiisopropanolamine (MDIPA), N,N-Dimethylcyclohexylamine (DMCHA), N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA), 1,4-Diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO / TEDA), the combination of primary amine and secondary amine includes N- methylethylenediamine (MEDA), N-isopropylethylenediamine (i-Pr-EDA), tetraethylenepentamine, Diethylenetriamine, Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA), Aminoethyl ethanolamine (AEEA), 3-(Methylamino)propylamine, 2- (Methylamino)ethylamine (MAEA), the combination of primary amine, secondary amine, and tertiary amine, includes Polyethyleneimine.

5. The formed honeycomb contactor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the amine can be selected from the group consisting of a linear or branched amine.

6. The formed honeycomb contactor as claimed in claim 1, comprises an additional adsorbent material formulated onto and within the porous substrate, the additional adsorbent material being adapted to capture moisture and / or carbon dioxide from the dry and / or wet gas stream.

7. The formed honeycomb contactor as claimed in claim 6, wherein the additional adsorbent material is a carrier for the first adsorbent material, within the porous substrate.

8. The formed honeycomb contactor as claimed in claims 1 and 6, a weight ratio between either of the first adsorbent material, or the combination of the first adsorbent material and the additional adsorbent material, to the porous substrate, is 8: 1.

9. The formed honeycomb contactor as claimed in claim 3, wherein the additional adsorbent material comprises an amine.

10. The formed honeycomb contactor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the porous substrate is selected from the group consisting of glass fibers, ceramic fibres, natural fibers, synthetic fibers, biosoluble fibers, pulp and combination thereof, and optionally strengthened with 2 to 8% by weight of a rigidifying agent selected from the group consisting of silica sol, alumina sol, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, and acrylate.

11. The formed honeycomb contactor as claimed in claim 1, defines a plurality of the honeycomb flutes, having a cross-section which is polygonal, square, triangular, circular, sinusoidal, rectangular, hexagonal, straight, zig-zag, skewed, or herringbone.

12. The formed honeycomb contactor as claimed in claim 1, is any of a rolled single facer honeycomb matrix structure or a stacked single facer honeycomb matrix structure.

13. The formed honeycomb contactor as claimed in claim 1, is any of a rotor shape, a block shape, and / or a triangular shape.

14. An adsorbent apparatus, comprising an adsorbent module carrying the formed honeycomb contactor as claimed in claim 1.

15. An adsorbent apparatus, comprising:- an adsorbent wheel carrying the formed honeycomb contactor as claimed in claim- a housing with baffles and air seals proximal to a face of the adsorbent wheel, to createat least a regeneration sector and a process sector, for passing dry and / or wet gas stream therethrough; and- a wheel drive capable of rotating the adsorbent wheel.

16. The adsorbent apparatus as claimed in claim 15, wherein the adsorbent wheel is regenerated at a temperature of less than 120°C, less than 100°C, less than 80°C, less than 70°C, less than 60°C.

17. The adsorbent apparatus as claimed in claim 15, wherein adsorption capacity of the adsorbent wheel, at a 425 ppm carbon dioxide, is up to 1 to 3 mmol / g, and at a 1,20,000 ppm carbon dioxide, is up to 6 to 10 mmol / g.

18. A formed honeycomb contactor for capturing / removing / separating carbon dioxide from a dry / or wet gas stream, comprising:• a porous substrate, and• a first adsorbent material formulated onto and within the porous substrate, wherein the first adsorbent material is capable of capturing carbon dioxide from the dry and / or wet gas stream,■ wherein the first adsorbent material is a physisorbent,■ wherein the first adsorbent material is selected from the group consisting of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs), Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs), Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework (ZIFs), an inorganic material, and / or combinations thereof,■ wherein the first adsorbent material is porous,■ wherein the first adsorbent material is micropore having a pore size less than 15 Angstrom,■ wherein the first adsorbent material is regenerated at a temperature <120 degC,■ wherein the first adsorbent material has a surface area in the range of 500 m2 / g to 10000m2 / g,■ wherein the adsorbent loading of the first adsorbent material relative to the formed honeycomb contactor, is greater than 85%,■ wherein a cycle time of the formed honeycomb contactor is 4-20 times lower than granular-packed bed contactor,■ wherein an amount of first adsorbent material used per ton of carbon dioxide captured in the formed honeycomb contactor is at least 4-20 times, lower than the amount of first adsorbent material used per ton of carbon dioxide captured in the granular-packed bed contactor.

19. The formed honeycomb contactor as claimed in claim 18, comprises an additional adsorbent material formulated onto and within the porous substrate, the additional adsorbent material being a physisorbent adapted to pre-capture moisture from the wet gas stream.

20. The formed honeycomb contactor as claimed in claim 19, wherein a combination of the first adsorbent material and the additional adsorbent material is in form of a mixture or chemically bonded.

21. The formed honeycomb contactor as claimed in claim 18, a weight ratio between the first adsorbent material and the porous substrate, is 8: 1.

22. The formed honeycomb contactor as claimed in claim 19, wherein the first adsorbent material and the additional adsorbent material is selected from any of MOF, COF, ZIF, inorganic material, and / or a combination thereof.

23. The formed honeycomb contactor as claimed in claim 22, wherein the MOF is selected from the group consisting of, ZnMOF-74 , CuBTC , Cu-TDPAT, Cu-MOF-74,UiO-66- NH2, Ni-CUK-1, Mg-CUK-1, Co-CUK-1, Mg-dobpdc series, UTSA-300, Mg-MOF-74- NH2, CAU-1, CALF-20, Zn-MOF-74-NTL, NOTT-101, Mg2(dhfbdc)2(dabco), mmen- Mn2(dobpdc), MFM-601, MOF-505-NTL, CAU-10H, CAU-23, CAU-30, MIL- 16O(A1), aluminum fumarate, aluminum terephthalate, UiO-66, UiO-66-NFL, UiO-67,MOF-801, MOF-802, MOF-841, PCN-222, MIL-lOO(Fe), MIL-lOl(Fe), MIL-53(Fe), MIL-lOl(Cr), MIL-lOO(Cr), MIL-53(Cr), HKUST-1, Cu-BDC, , MIL-125(Ti), NH2- MIL-125(Ti), Ni-CPO-27, , MOF-8O8, NU-1000, NU-1200, MOF-802, C02CI2BTDD, Cr-soc-MOF-1, MOF-573, MOF-805, MOF-8O6, MOF-812, MIL-53(A1), Co-MOF-74, Mg-MOF-74, NOTT-400, MIL- 121 , CAU-3, MFM-300, Al-NDC, Ga-soc-MOF, IRMOF-1, IRMOF-3, MOF-177, MOF-205, MOF-210, PCN-124, MIL-68(In), MOF- DRIF2, Cu-TDPAT, Zn-TDPAT, UiO-68, MIL-88, PCN-333, NU-1400, MOF-525, SIFSLX , TIFSIX, Cu-BTTri, MIL-125(Ti), NFk-MIL-125(Ti), MOF-573, MOF-525, Bio-MOF-11, Tb-mesoMOF, Cu-TCPP, Zr-NDC, BUT- 17, FJI-HMOF , Al-MOF-235 , Al-MIL-69, Al-PMOF, MIL-47(V) , MIL-68(Ga), Fe-soc-MOF , Cu-MOF-505 , Cu- TZP, Cu-TPT, Cu-CPF-5, RE-fcu-MOFs, Ce-UiO-66, Ce-UiO-67, Yb-MOFs (Yb-MOF- 76) , Mg-MOF-235, Zn-MOF-235, Bio-MOF-lOO , UTSA-16 (Cu-TATB) , UTSA-60, DUT-67(Zr) , DUT-4(A1) , [Ni2(dobdc)] , Zn-Triazolate PCPs, MOF-DRIF1, MOROF- 1, MOF-841 (Sc) , CAU-21, CAU-36, ZrTUD-1 , InOF-1 , Ni-MOF-202 , Zn-MOF-74 , KMF-1 , CAU-26, FIR-53, UiO-611, UiO-67, UiO-68 , Ni8(OH)4(BDC)6(DUT-8(Ni)), TL-MIL-88B-NH2, CAU-13 , SBMOF-1 , SBMOF-2, MFU-4 , MFU-41 , FMOF-1 , FMOF-2 , CAU-13, IR-MOF-8, DMOF(Zn), CAU-21, CAU-26 , CAU-36 , MIP-200 (Al) , Al-PF-1 , ICR-2, ICR-7, PCN-777 (Zr) , BUT-66 (Zr) , PCN-608 (Zr) , DUT-52 (Zr) , MIP-202(Zr) , IFP-1 , IFP-8, MAF-X27-Fe , MAF-X8-C0, DMOF-1 , NKMOF- 1-Ni , CPL-2 , CPL-4 (Ni(pyz)(NO3)2) , InOF-1 , FIR-53, MOF-199 , MFM-300(In) , MZL-68(In)-BDC-NO2, Ti-CAT-5 , Ti-HTA-1 , CAU-22-Ln , MOF-76-Ln , PCP-Ln, MIL-96(A1) , MIL- 140 A (Zr) , Cu-BDC-BPY, Cu-BPyDC , Cu-QPTC , Zn-TBAPy , Z JU-28 , POST-66 , CAU-24 , ALF-1, MOF-5, UiO-66-(OH)2, UiO-66-(COOH)2, UiO- 66-Br, UiO-66-(CF3)2, MOF-303, UiO-67-NH2, UiO-67-(OH)2, MOF-8OI-SO4, MOF- 8O2-NH2, MOF-802-(OH)2, NU-1100, NU-1101, NU-1103, MIL-12O(A1), MIL-122(A1), MIL-53-NH2(Al), MIL-53-(OH)2(Al), CAU-IO-COOH, CAU-IO-OH, CAU-12, CAU- 15, Al-TCPP-MOF, CALF-15, MIL-53-NH2(Fe), MIL-68(Fe), MIL-127(Fe), PCN- 250(Fe), Fe-BDC-NO2MOFs, Fe-BTC-NIL, Fe-BPDC, Cu-BTC-NFL, Cu-TATB , Cu- TPA, Cu-PMOF, Cu-HHTP , Cu-CP-MOFs , Zn-MOF-74-NH2 , Mg-dobpdc, Ni-dobpdc, Co-CUK-1, Co-MOF-253, JLU-Liu-10, JLU-Liu-20, AZMOF-1, AZMOF-2, FJI-MOF- 8, FJI-MOF-11, F JU-90, CPM-200-In, MIP-2OO-NH2, NENU-500, NENU-511, UiO-66- SO3H, UiO-67-SO3H, PCN-224, PCN-225, Mg2(dobpdc), , the COF is selected from the group consisting of TpPa-NFL, LZU-1,CPT-COF, Cz-COF, TpPa-l-NBL, TpBD-COF, TAPB-PDA-COF, TpPa-1, TpPa-2, COF-1, COF-5, COF-6, COF-8, TpBD, COF-LZU1, Tp-Azo, COF-300, TpTt, COF-42, COF-43, N-COF, TpNDI, COF-JLU6, TpBpy, COF-320, PyVg-COF, Tp-DANT-COF, COF-366, Tp-DMTP-COF, COF-PI, Tp-Eth, COF- OMe, COF-F, Tp-Ph, COF-BPDA, COF-TpPa-NH2, COF-TBD: COF-102, COF-103, COF-108, COF-202, COF-203, COF-432, COF-505, TpPa-NO2,COF-DRIFl COF-506, COF-507, COF-508, COF-909, COF-910, COF-912, COF-919, COF-920, CTF-1, CTF- 2, CTF-3, CTF-4, TAPT-COF, HT-COF, COF-F3, FCTF-1, PcPBBA, FCTF-2 , FCOF-1, FCOF-2, Porphyrin COF-366-Fe , Porphyrin-COF-367, COF-Porph-v2, Pc-COF, DhaTph COF, TpDha COF, COF-OH, TpPa(OH)-COF, TpBD-(NO2), (ICOF-1), ICOF-2, ICOF-3, Sulfated COFs, COF-150, COF-170, COF-1, COF-180, COF-200, COF-300, COF-300-MeNH2, COF-DHTA , COF-DAAQ ,COF-DRIF2, Azo-COF-1, Azo-COF-2, TFB-DHzD COF , COF-TpBD-(OH)2, COF-SDU1 , EB-COF-1, COF-TpDb , Py-COF, PyTTA-COF, DPP-COF-1, HNU-25, HNU-30, 3D-Py-COF, 3D-CuPc-COF, 3D- Salphen COF, TpPa-F4, COF-TTI, COF-TFPB, AA-COFs, COF-480, COF-482, TPB- DMTP-COF, COF-432, JUC-353, , the ZIF is selected from the group consisting of ZIF- 13, ZIF-65, ZIF-12, ZIF-11 (Zn), ZIF -76a, ZIF-302a, ZIF-82a , ZIF-79, ZIF-300a, ZIF- 68a, ZIF-7, ZIF-8, ZIF-67, ZIF-71, ZIF-90, ZIF-93, ZIF-94, ZIF-95, ZIF-100, ZIF-300, ZIF-301, ZIF-302, ZIF-L, ZIF-4, ZIF-20, ZIF-25, ZIF-68, ZIF-69, ZIF-78, ZIF-81, ZIF- 82, ZIF-204, ZIF-1, ZIF-2, ZIF-3, ZIF-6, ZIF-10, ZIF-11, ZIF-12, ZIF-71a, ZIF-201, ZIF-202, ZIF-203, ZIF-13, ZIF-15, ZIF-16, ZIF-17, ZIF-18, ZIF-19, ZIF-21, ZIF-22, ZIF-23, ZIF-24, ZIF-26, ZIF-27, ZIF-28, ZIF-29, ZIF-70, ZIF-DRIF1, ZIF-72, ZIF-73, ZIF-74, ZIF-76, ZIF-77 , ZIF-79 , ZIF-80 , ZIF-202a, ZIF-8-NH2 , ZIF-8-SO3H , ZIF-8- COOH , ZIF-8-OH , ZIF-67-NH2, ZIF-L-NH2 , ZIF-30, ZIF-31, ZIF-32, ZIF-33, ZIF-34, ZIF-35, ZIF-36, ZIF-37, ZIF-38, ZIF-39, ZIF -40, ZIF-41, ZIF-42, ZIF-DRIF2, ZIF-43, ZIF -44, ZIF -45, ZIF-46, ZIF-47, ZIF-48, ZIF-49, ZIF-50, ZIF-51, ZIF-52, ZIF-53, ZIF- 54, ZIF-55, ZIF-56, ZIF-57, ZIF-58, ZIF-59, ZIF-60, ZIF-61, ZIF-62, ZIF-63, ZIF-64, ZIF-65, ZIF-66,, the inorganic material is selected from the group consisting of transition metal complexes, cyanometallates, and / or combinations thereof.

24. The formed honeycomb contactor as claimed in claim 18, wherein the porous substrate is selected from the group consisting of glass fibers, ceramic fibres, natural fibers, synthetic fibers, biosoluble fibers, pulp and combination thereof, and optionally strengthened with 2 to 8% by weight of a rigidifying agent selected from the group consisting of silica sol, alumina sol, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, and acrylate.

25. The formed honeycomb contactor as claimed in claim 18, defines a plurality of thehoneycomb flutes, having a cross-section which is polygonal, square, triangular, circular, sinusoidal, rectangular, hexagonal, straight, zig-zag, skewed, or herringbone.

26. The formed honeycomb contactor as claimed in claim 18, is a rolled single facer honeycomb matrix structure or a stacked single facer honeycomb matrix structure.

27. The formed honeycomb contactor as claimed in claim 18, is any of a rotor shape, a block shape, and / or a triangular shape.

28. An adsorbent apparatus, comprising an adsorbent module carrying the formed honeycomb contactor as claimed in any of claim 18 or claim 19.

29. An adsorbent apparatus, comprising:- an adsorbent wheel carrying the formed honeycomb contactor as claimed in claim 28;- a housing with baffles and air seals proximal to a face of the adsorbent wheel, to create at least a regeneration sector and a process sector, for passing the dry and / or wet gas stream therethrough; and- a wheel drive capable of rotating the adsorbent wheel.

30. The adsorbent apparatus as claimed in claim 29, wherein the adsorbent wheel is regenerated at a temperature of less than 120°C, less than 100°C than 80°C, less than 70°C, less than 60°C, or less than 50°C.

31. An adsorbent system, comprising: a desiccant apparatus with a desiccant wheel, wherein the desiccant wheel carries a formed honeycomb matrix, the formed honeycomb matrix comprising a porous substrate and a desiccant material formulated onto and within the porous substrate, the desiccant material being capable of substantially adsorbing moisture from the wet gas stream; and- the adsorbent apparatus as claimed in claim 29, wherein the formed honeycomb contactorof the adsorbent apparatus substantially captures carbon dioxide from the gas stream.

32. The adsorbent apparatus as claimed in claim 31, wherein the desiccant apparatus deploys a water-collection tray and a water collection tank, for collecting water from the moisture captured by the desiccant apparatus in wet and / or dry gas stream.

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