Satellite positioning antenna

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of satellite positioning, and discloses a satellite positioning antenna, comprising: a passive antenna panel, an antenna receiving circuit board, and a plurality of connectors. The passive antenna panel is provided with a plurality of coupling feed units, a GNSS first frequency radiation unit, and a GNSS second frequency radiation unit. The antenna receiving circuit board comprises a feed network and a receiving circuit. The feed network comprises a plurality of feed points arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of coupling feed units, and a plurality of couplers. A GNSS feed network comprises the plurality of feed points, and a first coupler, a second coupler, and a third coupler among the plurality of couplers. An L-band feed network comprises the plurality of feed points, and the first coupler, the second coupler, and a fourth coupler among a plurality of couplers. The receiving circuit comprises a GNSS receiving circuit coupled to the third coupler, an L-band receiving circuit coupled to the fourth coupler, and a combiner-amplifier circuit separately coupled to the GNSS receiving circuit and the L-band receiving circuit. In the present application, a set of antennas is used to achieve reception of both right-hand circularly polarized GNSS signals and left-hand circularly polarized L-band satellite-based signals.

Description

Satellite positioning antenna

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411522036.6, filed in China on October 29, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This application relates to the field of satellite positioning technology, and in particular to a satellite positioning antenna and a positioning receiving device. Background Technology

[0004] Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers require antennas and cellular and Wi-Fi / Bluetooth communication capabilities for data communication. With technological advancements, GNSS equipment is evolving towards greater functionality, portability, and miniaturization. The integration of multi-functional antennas is becoming increasingly important, yet also challenging, as the mutual coupling after integration affects GNSS antenna performance. General requirements for such integrated antennas include: 1) high omnidirectional gain to ensure comprehensive satellite signal coverage; 2) low axial ratio to improve circular polarization gain and reduce multipath interference; 3) stable phase center to meet the centimeter / millimeter accuracy requirements of dual-frequency GNSS positioning; 4) high communication efficiency to meet communication quality requirements in different scenarios; and 5) compact structure suitable for integration into terminal products. On the other hand, satellite-based L-band differential positioning is becoming increasingly widespread. Currently, mainstream receiving antennas integrate right-hand circular GNSS and right-hand circular L-band satellite-based positioning into a single antenna and RF receiving channel. The most direct way to receive right-handed GNSS and left-handed Lband satellite-based signals is to use two independent receiving antennas and receivers to receive GNSS signals and Lband satellite-based signals respectively, but this will lead to an increase in system complexity and cost.

[0005] This section is intended to provide background or context for the embodiments of this application as set forth in the claims. The description herein is not intended to imply that it is prior art that has been disclosed, simply because it is included in this section.

[0006] Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this application is to provide a satellite positioning antenna that can simultaneously receive right-handed GNSS signals and left-handed Lband satellite-based signals.

[0008] This application discloses a satellite positioning antenna, including: a passive antenna plate and an antenna receiving circuit board arranged opposite to each other, and a plurality of connectors, the plurality of connectors being used to connect the passive antenna plate and the antenna receiving circuit board;

[0009] The passive antenna board is provided with multiple coupling feed units, GNSS first frequency radiation units and GNSS second frequency radiation units located around the multiple coupling feed units, the GNSS first frequency radiation units and the GNSS second frequency radiation units are arranged opposite to each other and connected by metal vias;

[0010] The antenna includes a feed network and a receiving circuit. The feed network includes multiple feed points corresponding to the multiple coupled feed units, and multiple couplers. The GNSS feed network includes the multiple feed points and a first coupler, a second coupler, and a third coupler among the multiple couplers. The Lband feed network includes the multiple feed points and a first coupler, a second coupler, and a fourth coupler among the multiple couplers. The receiving circuit includes a GNSS receiving circuit coupled to the third coupler, an Lband receiving circuit coupled to the fourth coupler, and a combining amplifier circuit. The combining amplifier circuit is coupled to both the GNSS receiving circuit and the Lband receiving circuit.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the power supply network includes four coupled power supply units, four power supply points corresponding one-to-one with the four coupled power supply units, and four couplers; wherein the first power supply point and the second power supply point are coupled to the output terminal and the coupling terminal of the second coupler, respectively; the third power supply point and the fourth power supply point are coupled to the output terminal and the coupling terminal of the first coupler, respectively; the input terminal and the isolation terminal of the first coupler are coupled to the coupling terminal of the fourth coupler and the output terminal of the third coupler, respectively; the input terminal and the isolation terminal of the second coupler are coupled to the output terminal of the fourth coupler and the coupling terminal of the third coupler, respectively; the isolation terminal of the third coupler and the isolation terminal of the fourth coupler are connected to a grounding resistor, respectively; the input terminal of the third coupler is coupled to the GNSS receiving circuit; and the input terminal of the fourth coupler is coupled to the Lband receiving circuit.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the passive antenna board is a double-layer PCB board and includes a top plate and a bottom plate arranged opposite to each other. The plurality of coupled feed units are multiple independent coupled feed units located on the bottom plate. The GNSS first frequency radiating unit is an annular structure with the same center as the plurality of fan-shaped coupled feed units and surrounding the plurality of fan-shaped coupled feed units. The GNSS second frequency radiating unit is a circular structure located on the top plate. The circumference of the circular structure of the GNSS second frequency radiating unit is located between the outer circumference and the inner circumference of the annular structure of the GNSS first frequency radiating unit.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the top plate is further provided with coupling connection points located within the GNSS second frequency radiation unit and corresponding one-to-one with the plurality of coupling feed units. The coupling connection points are connected to the coupling feed units through metal vias.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the coupling connection point and the power supply point are respectively set one-to-one and connected by the connector.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the GNSS receiving circuit includes a first filter, a first low-noise amplifier, and a second filter connected in sequence.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the Lband receiving circuit includes a third filter, a second low-noise amplifier, and a fourth filter connected in sequence.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the combining amplifier circuit includes a third low-noise amplifier and an output connector connected in sequence, the third low-noise amplifier being coupled to the second filter and the fourth filter, respectively.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, it further includes a 4G antenna and a WiFi antenna located at the edges of the passive antenna plate, respectively.

[0019] This application also discloses a positioning receiving device that uses a satellite positioning antenna as described above.

[0020] The main differences and effects of the implementation method of this application compared with the prior art are as follows:

[0021] 1) Existing GNSS antenna technologies generally employ low-loss dielectric materials, which suffer from complex processing and high costs. This technical solution utilizes high-frequency printed circuit board (PCB) technology to create an air dielectric antenna, offering advantages such as high antenna efficiency, light weight, mature and simple PCB manufacturing processes, and low cost.

[0022] 2) Existing GNSS antenna technologies can only receive right-hand circular L-band satellite signals and cannot receive left-hand circular L-band satellite signals. This technology simultaneously receives both right-hand circular GNSS signals and left-hand circular L-band satellite signals, and the two frequency band signals are combined and output to the GNSS receiver through the same RF port, avoiding the problem of separate antennas and receivers required in split-type receiving systems.

[0023] The specification of this application contains numerous technical features distributed across various technical solutions. Listing all possible combinations of these technical features (i.e., technical solutions) would make the specification excessively lengthy. To avoid this problem, the various technical features disclosed in the above-described invention, the various technical features disclosed in the following embodiments and examples, and the various technical features disclosed in the accompanying drawings can be freely combined to form various new technical solutions (all of which should be considered as described in this specification), unless such a combination of technical features is technically infeasible. For example, one example discloses feature A+B+C, and another example discloses feature A+B+D+E. Features C and D are equivalent technical means that serve the same function, and technically only one needs to be used; they cannot be used simultaneously. Feature E can technically be combined with feature C. Therefore, the solution A+B+C+D should not be considered as described because it is technically infeasible, while the solution A+B+C+E should be considered as described. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a satellite positioning antenna according to one embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the top plate of a passive antenna plate according to one embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the base plate of a passive antenna board according to one embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Figure 4 is a circuit block diagram of an antenna receiving circuit board according to one embodiment of the present application.

[0028] The labels in each of the attached figures are as follows:

[0029] 101: Passive antenna board;

[0030] 102: Antenna receiving circuit board;

[0031] 103: Connector;

[0032] 201: Top plate of the passive antenna board;

[0033] 202: Base plate of passive antenna board;

[0034] 2011: GNSS high-frequency radiating element;

[0035] 2021: Coupled power supply unit;

[0036] 2022: GNSS low-frequency radiating element;

[0037] 301: Power supply network;

[0038] 302: Receiver circuit;

[0039] 3011-3014: First to fourth couplers;

[0040] 30111, 30121, 30131, 30141: Input terminals of the first to fourth couplers;

[0041] 30112, 30122, 30132, 30142: Isolation terminals of the first to fourth couplers;

[0042] 30113, 30123, 30133, 30143: Output terminals of the first to fourth couplers;

[0043] 30114, 30124, 30134, 30144: Coupler terminals of the first to fourth couplers;

[0044] 3021: First filter;

[0045] 3023: Second filter;

[0046] 3024: Third filter;

[0047] 3026: Fourth filter;

[0048] 3022: First low-noise amplifier;

[0049] 3025: Second low-noise amplifier;

[0050] 3027: Third low-noise amplifier;

[0051] 3028: Output connector. Detailed Implementation

[0052] In the following description, many technical details are presented to help the reader better understand this application. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the technical solutions claimed in this application can be implemented even without these technical details and various variations and modifications based on the following embodiments.

[0053] Explanation of some concepts:

[0054] A 3dB bridge coupler is a device used in the electronics or communications fields. Its function is to split an input signal into two equal-amplitude output signals with a 90° phase difference between the two signals.

[0055] GNSS is a system that uses satellites for global positioning, navigation, and timing. It can provide accurate location information for any point on the Earth's surface, including longitude, latitude, and altitude, as well as precise velocity and time information. In GNSS, right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) refers to the electromagnetic wave polarization of a signal. During propagation, the electric field vector of a right-hand circular polarized signal rotates in a spiral shape, following the right-hand rule.

[0056] Lband refers to the radio spectrum with frequencies ranging from 1 GHz to 2 GHz. In Lband, left-hand circular polarization (LHCP) means that the electric field vector rotates along the propagation direction according to the left-hand rule during electromagnetic wave propagation.

[0057] A filter is an electronic or signal processing device or system that selectively allows signals of a specific frequency range to pass through while suppressing signals of other frequencies.

[0058] A low-noise amplifier (LNA) is an electronic amplifier that amplifies weak signals while minimizing noise.

[0059] A connector is a device used to physically and electrically connect two electronic components, devices, or systems. The main function of a connector is to provide a reliable channel for electrical signals or data transmission, and to facilitate mating and unmating operations.

[0060] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0061] One embodiment of this application discloses a satellite positioning antenna, the structure of which is shown in FIG1. ​​The satellite positioning antenna includes a passive antenna board 101, an antenna receiving circuit board 102, and a plurality of connectors 103. The passive antenna board 101 and the antenna receiving circuit board 102 are arranged opposite to each other, and the plurality of connectors 103 are used to connect the passive antenna board 101 and the antenna receiving circuit board 102.

[0062] The passive antenna board 101 is provided with multiple coupled feed units, GNSS first frequency radiating units located around the multiple coupled feed units, and GNSS second frequency radiating units arranged opposite to the GNSS first frequency radiating units. The multiple coupled feed units, GNSS first frequency radiating units, and GNSS second frequency radiating units together constitute the GNSS / Lband compatible antenna section. In one embodiment, the GNSS first frequency radiating unit can be a GNSS low-frequency radiating unit, and the GNSS second frequency radiating unit can be a GNSS high-frequency radiating unit. The GNSS / Lband compatible antenna section includes both GNSS high-frequency and GNSS low-frequency radiating units, thereby realizing the antenna function covering both the GNSS high-frequency and low-frequency bands. The GNSS high-frequency radiating units and the GNSS low-frequency radiating units are connected by metal vias. In one embodiment, the passive antenna board 101 is a double-layer PCB board and includes a top plate and a bottom plate arranged opposite to each other. Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of the top plate 201 of the passive antenna board 101, and Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of the bottom plate 202 of the passive antenna board 101. It should be noted that the top plate 201 of the passive antenna plate 101 faces the antenna receiving circuit board 102, while the bottom plate 202 of the passive antenna plate 101 faces away from the antenna receiving circuit board 102.

[0063] In one embodiment, the passive antenna board 101 can be a circular structure.

[0064] In one embodiment, the antenna receiving circuit board 102 can be a circular structure. In one embodiment, the size of the antenna receiving circuit board 102 can be larger than that of the passive antenna board 101. It should be understood that in other embodiments of this application, the size of the antenna receiving circuit board 102 can be equal to the size of the passive antenna board 101, and this application is not limited thereto.

[0065] Referring to Figures 2 and 3, the top plate 201 of the passive antenna board 101 includes a GNSS high-frequency radiating element 2011, which has a circular structure. The bottom plate 202 of the passive antenna board 101 includes multiple coupled feed elements 2021 and GNSS low-frequency radiating elements 2022, with the GNSS low-frequency radiating elements 2022 surrounding the multiple coupled feed elements 2021. The GNSS high-frequency radiating elements 2011 and GNSS low-frequency radiating elements 2022 are arranged opposite to each other and connected by metal vias. The multiple coupled feed elements 2021 are multiple independent sector-shaped coupled feed elements located within the same circular structure on the bottom plate 202, and the GNSS low-frequency radiating elements 2022 are annular structures with the same center as the multiple sector-shaped coupled feed elements 2021 and surrounding the multiple sector-shaped coupled feed elements 2021. In one embodiment, the circumference of the circular structure of the GNSS high-frequency radiating unit 2011 is located between the outer and inner circumferences of the annular structure of the GNSS low-frequency radiating unit 2022. The circular structure of the GNSS high-frequency radiating unit and the annular structure of the GNSS low-frequency radiating unit are connected through multiple metal vias (not shown in the figure). It should be noted that the circular structure of the GNSS high-frequency radiating unit 2011 is not limited to being located between the outer and inner circumferences of the annular structure of the GNSS low-frequency radiating unit 2022. This application is not limited to this. For example, the circular structure of the GNSS high-frequency radiating unit 2011 can also be configured to coincide with the outer circumference of the annular structure of the GNSS low-frequency radiating unit 2022, or surround the annular structure of the GNSS low-frequency radiating unit 2022, etc.

[0066] In one embodiment, the satellite positioning antenna further includes a 4G antenna and a WiFi antenna located at the edges of the passive antenna plate 101, respectively. Referring to Figure 2, the top plate 201 of the passive antenna plate 101 includes a 4G antenna 2012 and a WiFi antenna 2013. The passive antenna plate integrates communication antenna functions such as 4G and BT-WiFi, and is isolated from the central GNSS / Lband compatible antenna section by a grounded metal post, which can simultaneously ensure the omnidirectional low axial ratio characteristics of the GNSS / Lband circularly polarized antenna.

[0067] In one embodiment, the GNSS / Lband compatible antenna section includes four coupled feed units 2021, for example, four sector coupled feed units. Figure 4 shows a circuit block diagram of the antenna receiving circuit board 102 in one embodiment. The antenna receiving circuit board 102 includes a feed network 301 and a receiving circuit 302. The feed network 301 includes four feed points corresponding to the four coupled feed units, and four couplers. For example, the feed network 301 includes a first feed point P1, a second feed point P2, a third feed point P3, a fourth feed point P4, a first coupler 3011, a second coupler 3012, a third coupler 3013, and a fourth coupler 3014. Specifically, the first feed point P1 and the second feed point P2 are coupled to the output terminal 30123 and the coupling terminal 30214 of the second coupler 3012, respectively; the third feed point P3 and the fourth feed point P4 are coupled to the output terminal 30113 and the coupling terminal 30114 of the first coupler 3011, respectively; the input terminal 30111 and the isolation terminal 30112 of the first coupler 3011 are coupled to the coupling terminal 30144 of the fourth coupler 3014 and the output terminal 30133 of the third coupler 3013, respectively; and the input terminal of the second coupler 3012... 30121 and isolation terminal 30122 are coupled to the output terminal 30143 of the fourth coupler 3014 and the coupling terminal 30134 of the third coupler 3013, respectively. The isolation terminals 30132 of the third coupler 3013 and 30142 of the fourth coupler 3014 are connected to a grounding resistor (e.g., a 50-ohm grounding resistor). The input terminal 30131 of the third coupler 3013 is coupled to the GNSS right-hand rotary receiver circuit, and the input terminal 30141 of the fourth coupler 3014 is coupled to the L-band left-hand rotary receiver circuit.

[0068] In one embodiment, the coupler can be a 3dB bridge coupler, a passive microwave device primarily used for power distribution and combining. Its operating principle is based on the fundamental concept of a directional coupler, which is a four-port network including an input port, an output port, a coupling port, and an isolation port. When a signal is input from the input port, a portion of the power is directly output from the output port, while another portion is coupled to the coupling port and output, without being output from the isolation port. If the coupling port and the output port are in the same direction, it is called a co-directional directional coupler. An important technical indicator of a 3dB bridge coupler is the coupling degree, defined as the logarithm of the ratio of input power to coupling port power. For a 3dB bridge coupler, a coupling degree of 3dB means that the input power and the coupling port power are equal, i.e., -3dB.

[0069] In one embodiment, the top plate 201 of the passive antenna board 101 is further provided with coupling connection points located within the GNSS high-frequency radiating unit 2011, corresponding one-to-one with multiple coupling feed units 2021 on the bottom plate 202 of the passive antenna board 101. For example, the bottom plate 202 of the passive antenna board 101 includes four coupling feed units 2021, and the top plate 201 of the passive antenna board 101 is provided with four coupling connection points D1, D2, D3, and D4, which correspond one-to-one with the coupling feed units 2021, and are connected to the coupling feed units 2021 through metal vias. In one embodiment, the coupling connection points D1, D2, D3, and D4 correspond one-to-one with the feed points P1, P2, P3, and P4 and are connected through connectors.

[0070] In this embodiment, the passive antenna board adopts an air dielectric antenna scheme implemented by high-frequency PCB technology, and is connected to the receiving circuit board for power supply through metal pillars (i.e. connectors). The air between the antenna board and the PCB circuit board serves as the antenna medium, which has the advantages of high antenna efficiency and light weight.

[0071] In one embodiment, the GNSS right-hand rotary receiver circuit includes a first filter 3021, a first low-noise amplifier 3022, and a second filter 3023 connected in sequence.

[0072] In one embodiment, the Lband left-hand receiving circuit includes a third filter 3024, a second low-noise amplifier 3025, and a fourth filter 3026 connected in sequence.

[0073] In one embodiment, the combining amplifier circuit includes a third low-noise amplifier 3027 and an output connector 3028 connected in sequence, with the third low-noise amplifier 3027 coupled to a second filter 3023 and a fourth filter 3026, respectively.

[0074] With the above bridge coupler connection method, when power is supplied at the output terminal 30133 of the third coupler 3013, the signals at the feeding points P1, P2, P3, and P4 satisfy equal amplitude and a phase decrease of 90° sequentially, thus realizing the GNSS right-hand circular polarization feed network function. That is, through multiple couplers, the phase of the feed signal increases sequentially along the direction of multiple feeding points (e.g., counterclockwise), thereby forming a GNSS right-hand circular polarization feed network. The GNSS right-hand circular polarization feed signal then passes through the GNSS right-hand receiving circuit for filtering and amplification. When power is supplied at the input terminal 30141 of the fourth coupler 3014, the signals at the feeding points P1, P2, P3, and P4 satisfy equal amplitude and a phase increase of 90° sequentially, thus realizing the L-band left-hand circular polarization feed network function. That is, through multiple couplers, the phase of the feed signal increases sequentially along the direction of multiple feeding points (e.g., clockwise), thereby forming an L-band left-hand circular polarization feed network. The L-band left-hand circularly polarized antenna is then filtered and amplified by the L-band left-hand receiving circuit. Both signals are then combined and output from the same RF port after passing through their respective filtering and amplification circuits. This technical solution reuses the same passive antenna feed points P1, P2, P3, and P4, along with the corresponding feed bridge first coupler 3011 and second coupler 3012, in the feed network for both right-hand and left-hand circularly polarized antennas. This simplifies the antenna and feed network structure and solves the problem of integrating the functions of right-hand and left-hand circularly polarized antennas.

[0075] This application uses the same antenna radiation structure and constructs both a right-hand circular GNSS antenna feed network and a left-hand circular Lband antenna feed network simultaneously through a bridge coupler, which simplifies the antenna structure design and avoids the coupling isolation problem of left-hand and right-hand circularly polarized antennas.

[0076] In summary, this application provides an integrated antenna technology solution that integrates right-handed GNSS full-band, left-handed L-band satellite-based, cellular 4G communication, and WiFi / Bluetooth communication functions. This solution simultaneously receives right-handed GNSS full-band and left-handed L-band satellite-based signals, enabling GNSS satellite-based differential positioning. Furthermore, this solution utilizes a high-frequency PCB board to implement the antenna function, resulting in advantages such as light weight, low cost, and reliable structure.

[0077] It should be noted that in this patent application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element. In this patent application, if it refers to performing an action according to an element, it means performing the action at least according to that element, including two cases: performing the action only according to that element, and performing the action according to that element and other elements. Expressions such as "multiple," "repeatedly," and "various" include two, two times, two kinds, and more than two, more than two times, and more than two kinds.

[0078] The term “coupled to” and its derivatives may be used in this document. “Coupled” can mean two or more elements in direct physical or electrical contact. However, “coupled” can also mean two or more elements in indirect contact with each other, but still cooperating or interacting with each other, and can mean one or more other elements coupled or connected between elements referred to as being coupled to each other.

[0079] This specification includes combinations of various embodiments described herein. Individual references to embodiments (e.g., “one embodiment”, “some embodiments”, or “optional embodiments”) do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment; however, these embodiments are not mutually exclusive unless indicated to be mutually exclusive or are readily apparent to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that the word “or” is used in a non-exclusive sense throughout this specification unless the context explicitly indicates or requires it.

[0080] All references to this specification are considered to be incorporated integrally into the disclosure of this application so that they can serve as the basis for modifications if necessary. Furthermore, it should be understood that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of this specification and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this specification. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of one or more embodiments of this specification should be included within the scope of protection of one or more embodiments of this specification.

Claims

1. A satellite positioning antenna, comprising: A passive antenna board and an antenna receiving circuit board are arranged opposite to each other, and a plurality of connectors are used to connect the passive antenna board and the antenna receiving circuit board. The passive antenna board is provided with multiple coupling feed units, GNSS first frequency radiation units and GNSS second frequency radiation units located around the multiple coupling feed units, and the GNSS first frequency radiation units and the GNSS second frequency radiation units are arranged opposite to each other and connected by metal vias. The antenna includes a feed network and a receiving circuit. The feed network includes multiple feed points corresponding to the multiple coupled feed units, and multiple couplers. The GNSS feed network includes the multiple feed points and a first coupler, a second coupler, and a third coupler among the multiple couplers. The Lband feed network includes the multiple feed points and a first coupler, a second coupler, and a fourth coupler among the multiple couplers. The receiving circuit includes a GNSS receiving circuit coupled to the third coupler, an Lband receiving circuit coupled to the fourth coupler, and a combining amplifier circuit. The combining amplifier circuit is coupled to both the GNSS receiving circuit and the Lband receiving circuit.

2. The satellite positioning antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The power supply network includes four coupled power supply units, four power supply points corresponding to the four coupled power supply units, and four couplers. The first and second power supply points are coupled to the output and coupling ends of the second coupler, respectively; the third and fourth power supply points are coupled to the output and coupling ends of the first coupler, respectively; the input and isolation ends of the first coupler are coupled to the coupling ends of the fourth coupler and the output end of the third coupler, respectively; the input and isolation ends of the second coupler are coupled to the output and coupling ends of the fourth and third couplers, respectively; the isolation ends of the third and fourth couplers are connected to grounding resistors, respectively; the input end of the third coupler is coupled to the GNSS receiving circuit; and the input end of the fourth coupler is coupled to the Lband receiving circuit.

3. The satellite positioning antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The passive antenna board is a double-layer PCB board, including a top plate and a bottom plate arranged opposite to each other. The plurality of coupled feed units are multiple independent coupled feed units located on the bottom plate. The GNSS first frequency radiating unit is an annular structure with the same center as the plurality of fan-shaped coupled feed units and surrounding the plurality of fan-shaped coupled feed units. The GNSS second frequency radiating unit is a circular structure located on the top plate. The circumference of the circular structure of the GNSS second frequency radiating unit is located between the outer circumference and the inner circumference of the annular structure of the GNSS first frequency radiating unit.

4. The satellite positioning antenna according to claim 3, wherein, The top plate is also provided with coupling connection points located within the GNSS second frequency radiation unit, which correspond one-to-one with the plurality of coupling feed units. The coupling connection points are connected to the coupling feed units through metal vias.

5. The satellite positioning antenna according to claim 4, wherein, The coupling connection points are set one-to-one with the power supply points and connected by the connectors.

6. The satellite positioning antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The GNSS receiving circuit includes a first filter, a first low-noise amplifier, and a second filter connected in sequence.

7. The satellite positioning antenna according to claim 6, wherein, The Lband receiving circuit includes a third filter, a second low-noise amplifier, and a fourth filter connected in sequence.

8. The satellite positioning antenna according to claim 7, wherein, The combining amplifier circuit includes a third low-noise amplifier and an output connector connected in sequence, wherein the third low-noise amplifier is coupled to the second filter and the fourth filter respectively.

9. The satellite positioning antenna according to claim 1, wherein, Also includes: The 4G antenna and WiFi antenna are located at the edge of the passive antenna board, respectively.

10. A positioning receiving device, employing a satellite positioning antenna as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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