Leakage protection integrated board and PCB layout structure thereof, and air conditioner

Abstract

The present application discloses a leakage protection integrated board and a printed circuit board (PCB) layout structure thereof, and an air conditioner. The leakage protection integrated board comprises a PCB; the PCB is arranged in a device layout region; the device layout region is provided with a first varistor, a silicon-controlled module, a trip driving module, a test module, and an indication module; the first varistor is arranged on a first side edge of the PCB; the silicon-controlled module and the trip driving module are arranged opposite to each other; the test module is arranged between the silicon-controlled module and the trip driving module and is close to the first varistor; the indication module is arranged between the silicon-controlled module and the trip driving module; a detection power supply is connected to the PCB from the first side of the PCB, and a pin of the first varistor is bent towards the first side by a set angle.

Description

Integrated leakage current protection board and its PCB layout structure, air conditioner

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application is based on and claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202422660688.8, filed on October 31, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This application relates to the field of leakage current protection, and in particular to an integrated leakage current protection board and its PCB layout structure, and an air conditioner. Background Technology

[0004] Currently, in order to improve the safety of household appliances, some household appliances are equipped with leakage protection devices at the power supply end, so that the household appliances have leakage protection functions to prevent damage to the household appliances caused by leakage of current in the current-carrying wires, and to prevent electric shock injuries to people caused by leakage.

[0005] In related technologies, residual current devices (RCDs) typically incorporate a tripping mechanism. When a leakage fault is detected, the tripping drive module activates the mechanism to quickly trip, cutting off power to household appliances and preventing serious malfunctions. During the tripping operation, to prevent the large current generated by the leakage from flowing into the household appliances, the RCD also includes a varistor. This varistor clamps the input voltage of the appliances when a leakage occurs, preventing damage. However, due to the large size of the varistor and the large current flowing through it during a leakage, it is usually not mounted on the circuit board of the RCD, which has limited installation space. This results in a large RCD, making it inconvenient to install on household appliances. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide an integrated leakage current protection board and its PCB layout structure, as well as an air conditioner, which aims to achieve leakage current protection function while optimizing the device layout of the leakage current protection device and reducing the size of the leakage current protection device.

[0007] The technical solution of this application embodiment is implemented as follows:

[0008] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a PCB (Printed Circuit Board) layout structure for an integrated leakage protection board, including a printed circuit board, wherein the printed circuit board is provided with a device layout area, and a first varistor, a silicon controlled rectifier module, a tripping drive module, a test module and an indicator module are provided on the device layout area;

[0009] The first varistor is disposed on the first side edge of the printed circuit board, the thyristor module and the tripping drive module are disposed opposite to each other, the test module is disposed between the thyristor module and the tripping drive module and close to the first varistor, and the indicator module is disposed between the thyristor module and the tripping drive module;

[0010] The detection power supply is connected to the printed circuit board from the first side of the printed circuit board, and the pin of the first varistor is bent at a set angle toward the first side.

[0011] In some implementations, the first varistor is disposed on the back side of the printed circuit board.

[0012] In some implementations, the pins of the first varistor are bent 90 degrees toward the first side.

[0013] In some implementations, the detection power supply includes a current-carrying line and a shielding line covering the current-carrying line, with a leakage current detection line leading out from the shielding line. The current-carrying line and the leakage current detection line are connected to the printed circuit board from the back side of the printed circuit board.

[0014] In some implementations, at least one protective resistor is also provided on the device layout area, the at least one protective resistor being located close to the thyristor drive module, for automatically detecting the connectivity between the shielding lines.

[0015] In some embodiments, the thyristor module includes a thyristor drive module and a thyristor unit, wherein the thyristor drive module is disposed on a first side of the thyristor unit.

[0016] In some implementations, a second varistor is further disposed on the device layout area, the second varistor being connected to the tripping drive module, and the second varistor being disposed on the back side of the printed circuit board.

[0017] In some implementations, the indicator module is disposed on a second side edge of the printed circuit board, the second side being the opposite side of the first side.

[0018] In some implementations, a trip reset button is also provided on the device layout area. The trip reset button is located between the SCR module and the trip drive module and close to the indicator module. The trip reset button is plugged into the printed circuit board.

[0019] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an integrated leakage current protection board, which adopts the PCB layout structure described in the first aspect.

[0020] Thirdly, this application provides an air conditioner including multiple current-carrying wires, at least one leakage detection wire, and a leakage protection integrated board as described in the second aspect, wherein the multiple current-carrying wires and at least one leakage detection wire are connected to the leakage protection integrated board.

[0021] This application provides a PCB layout structure for an integrated leakage current protection board, including a printed circuit board (PCB). The PCB has a component layout area, on which a first varistor, a thyristor module, a tripping drive module, a test module, and an indicator module are disposed. The first varistor is located at the first edge of the PCB. The thyristor module and the tripping drive module are positioned opposite each other. The test module is positioned between the thyristor module and the tripping drive module and close to the first varistor. The indicator module is positioned between the thyristor module and the tripping drive module. A detection power supply is connected to the PCB from the first side, and the pins of the first varistor are bent at a set angle towards the first side. This embodiment of the integrated leakage current protection board integrates a first varistor for absorbing leakage current from the detection power supply. The first varistor is located at the edge of the PCB and bent outwards, thus not occupying component layout space on the PCB. The thyristor module and the tripping drive module, which connect shielding layers of different current-carrying lines, are positioned opposite each other, which is beneficial for PCB routing design. The PCB layout structure of this embodiment of the integrated leakage current protection board is reasonably designed, effectively reducing the size of the leakage current protection device. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the leakage current protection device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the PCB layout structure of an integrated leakage protection board according to an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the PCB layout structure of an integrated leakage protection board according to another embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0026] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0027] In the description of this application, references are made to "some embodiments," which describe a subset of all possible embodiments. However, it is understood that "some embodiments" may be the same subset or different subsets of all possible embodiments and may be combined with each other without conflict.

[0028] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0029] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0030] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0031] This application provides a PCB layout structure for an integrated leakage current protection board, wherein the integrated leakage current protection board is a leakage current protection device used to identify leakage current faults in the connected detection power supply and to execute corresponding protection measures when leakage current occurs. The PCB layout structure provided in this application aims to achieve leakage current protection function while optimizing the component layout of the leakage current protection device and reducing the size of the leakage current protection device.

[0032] This application provides a circuit structure for a leakage current protection device to realize the aforementioned integrated leakage current protection board. Specifically, the circuit structure of the leakage current protection device is shown in Figure 1. The input terminal of the leakage current protection device is connected to multiple current-carrying lines (including live wire L and neutral wire N) and corresponding leakage current detection lines. The leakage current detection lines are led out by shielded wires covering the current-carrying lines, and the shielded wires are interconnected. The leakage current protection device includes a thyristor module 100, a tripping drive module 200, a test module 300, an indicator module 400, a first varistor ZR1, a second varistor ZR2, and a tripping mechanism. The power output from the current-carrying lines (i.e., the detection power supply) supplies power to the load through the leakage current protection device.

[0033] Here, the thyristor module 100 includes a thyristor drive module 101 and a thyristor unit SCR. The thyristor drive module 101 includes a second resistor R2, a fourth resistor R4, a Zener diode ZD1, a first capacitor C1, and a second capacitor C2. The thyristor drive module 101 is connected to the drive terminal of the thyristor unit SCR. The thyristor module 100 is connected to the leakage detection line corresponding to the neutral line N. The trip drive module 200 includes a sixth resistor R6, a first diode D1, and a second diode D2. The trip drive module 200 is connected to the leakage detection line corresponding to the live line L. The trip mechanism includes a coil KM. The contacts of the coil KM are set on the live line L and the neutral line N. When the coil KM is energized, it triggers the trip action of the trip mechanism, the contacts of the coil KM open, and the power output from the current-carrying line no longer supplies power to the load.

[0034] It should be noted that the tripping action is a protective measure performed by the leakage current protection device when leakage occurs.

[0035] Here, the first end of coil KM is connected to the neutral wire N, and the second end of coil KM is connected to the cathode of the second diode D2. The anode of the second diode D2 is connected to the live wire L via the first diode D1. If leakage occurs in the live wire L, during the positive half-cycle of the power supply output by the current-carrying line, the leakage current flows into the trip drive module 200 through the leakage detection line. The live wire L, the shield wire, the leakage detection line, the sixth resistor R6, the second diode D2, the coil KM, and the neutral wire N form a power-on circuit, which in turn turns on the silicon controlled rectifier (SCR). Therefore, after coil KM is energized, it triggers the trip action. When the leakage protection device detects leakage in the live wire L, it triggers the power-off protection measures.

[0036] Here, the SCR unit is located between the second end of the coil KM and the anode of the first diode D1. If leakage occurs in the neutral line N, during the negative half-cycle of the power supply output by the current-carrying line, the leakage current flows into the SCR module 100 through the leakage detection line. After the leakage current flows into the SCR drive module 101, the SCR unit is triggered to turn on. The neutral line N, the coil KM, the SCR unit, the first diode D1, and the live wire L form a power-on circuit. The coil KM triggers a trip action. When the leakage protection device detects leakage in the live wire L, it triggers a power-off protection measure. The leakage current flows back to the live wire L through the trip drive module 200 to prevent the leakage current from damaging the load.

[0037] Here, the test module 300 is set between the live wire L and the corresponding leakage detection line, including the test button SB1 and the third resistor R3. When the test button SB1 is pressed, a leakage fault can be simulated to detect the integrity of the shielding wire and the detection line of the leakage protection device. The indicator module 400 is set between the anode of the first diode D1 and the second end of the coil KM, including the first resistor R1 and the light-emitting diode LED, which is used to issue a fault warning when leakage occurs.

[0038] Here, due to the time delay between the detection of power leakage and the completion of the tripping action by the leakage current protection device, the first varistor ZR1 and the second varistor ZR2 are used to clamp the voltage, ensuring that the leakage current will not damage the load downstream of the leakage current protection device during the tripping action. Specifically, the first varistor ZR1 is used to clamp the voltage between the current-carrying lines, and the second varistor ZR2 is used to clamp the voltage across the clamping coil KM.

[0039] It should be noted that the first varistor ZR1 and the second varistor ZR2 need to absorb a large amount of electrical energy at the moment of leakage, therefore their volume is larger than that of other components in the leakage current protection device. In related technologies, considering the impact of the size of the first varistor ZR1 on the structural design of the leakage current protection device, the first varistor ZR1 is usually not directly mounted on the printed circuit board to avoid occupying too much layout area and increasing the difficulty of layout design. However, if the first varistor ZR1 is set separately or connected to the printed circuit board using a specific fixing structure, the volume of the leakage current protection device will increase, which is not conducive to the installation of the leakage current protection device.

[0040] The PCB layout structure of the leakage current protection integrated board according to this application embodiment is shown in Figure 2. The leakage current protection integrated board includes a printed circuit board 500. The printed circuit board 500 has a component layout area, on which a first varistor ZR1, a thyristor module 100, a tripping drive module 200, a test module 300, and an indicator module 400 are arranged. The first varistor ZR1 is located on the first edge of the printed circuit board 500. The thyristor module 100 and the tripping drive module 200 are arranged opposite to each other. The test module 300 is located between the thyristor module 100 and the tripping drive module 200 and close to the first varistor ZR1. The indicator module 400 is located between the thyristor module 100 and the tripping drive module 200. The detection power supply is connected to the printed circuit board 500 from the first side, and the pins of the first varistor ZR1 are bent at a set angle towards the first side. Here, the front (top) and back (bottom) of the printed circuit board 500 are both provided with device layout areas. The thyristor module 100, trip drive module 200, test module 300 and indicator module 400 are provided in the front device layout area of ​​the printed circuit board 500, and the first varistor ZR1 is provided in the back device layout area of ​​the printed circuit board 500.

[0041] Here, the detection power supply includes current-carrying lines and shielding lines covering the current-carrying lines. Leakage detection lines are led out from the shielding lines and are connected to the printed circuit board 500 from the back side. The current-carrying lines include a live wire (L) and a neutral wire (N). The leakage detection lines are led out from the shielding lines covering the live wire (L) and the neutral wire (N), respectively.

[0042] Understandably, the first varistor ZR1 is used to clamp the voltage between current-carrying lines when leakage occurs. Since the detection power supply is connected to the printed circuit board 500 from the first side, the first varistor ZR1 is placed at the edge of the first side of the printed circuit board 500, close to the connection point of the current-carrying line. The pins of the first varistor ZR1 are bent at a set angle towards the first side so that the body of the first varistor ZR1 is placed outside the device layout area of ​​the printed circuit board 500. This allows the first varistor ZR1 to be directly mounted on the printed circuit board 500 without occupying an excessively large device layout area of ​​the printed circuit board 500.

[0043] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG3, the pins of the first varistor ZR1 are bent 90 degrees toward the first side.

[0044] Understandably, since the SCR module 100 is connected to the leakage detection line corresponding to the neutral line N, and the trip drive module 200 is connected to the leakage detection line corresponding to the live line L, the relative layout positions between the SCR module 100 and the trip drive module 200 can be determined based on the connection points of each leakage detection line of the detection power supply on the printed circuit board 500. The SCR module 100 is positioned closer to the connection point of the leakage detection line corresponding to the neutral line N, and the trip drive module 200 is positioned closer to the connection point of the leakage detection line corresponding to the live line L. The SCR module 100 and the trip drive module 200 are relatively separate in the device layout area to reduce the routing design difficulty of the integrated leakage protection board.

[0045] It is understandable that the test module 300 is placed between the thyristor module 100 and the trip drive module 200 and close to the first varistor ZR1, so that the test module 300 is close to the connection point of the live wire L and the corresponding leakage detection wire on the printed circuit board 500.

[0046] Here, the third resistor R3 of the test module 300 is positioned close to the trip drive module 200, and the printed circuit board 500 is provided with mounting holes for mounting the test button 301. The test button 301 is fixed on the printed circuit board 500 through the mounting holes.

[0047] Here, since the leakage detection line corresponding to the neutral line N is connected to the thyristor drive module 101, and the leakage detection line corresponding to the neutral line N is specifically connected to the second resistor R2, in the PCB layout structure of this application embodiment, the thyristor drive module 101 is set on the first side of the thyristor unit SCR, close to the access point of the leakage detection line corresponding to the neutral line N.

[0048] For example, a trip reset button 600 is also provided on the device layout area. The trip reset button 600 is located between the thyristor module 100 and the trip drive module 200 and close to the indicator module 400. The trip reset button 600 is plugged into the printed circuit board 500.

[0049] Here, the indicator module 400 is disposed on the second side edge of the printed circuit board 500, wherein the second side is the opposite side of the first side; the printed circuit board 500 is provided with mounting holes for mounting the reset trip button 600, and the reset trip button 600 is fixed between the test button and the indicator module 400 through the mounting holes.

[0050] It should be noted that a tripping mechanism (not shown in the figure) is also provided on the back of the printed circuit board 500. The reset tripping button 600 is positioned opposite the tripping mechanism at a distance from the printed circuit board 500. Pressing the reset tripping button 600 resets the tripping mechanism that has completed the tripping action, and the power output of the current-carrying line is reconnected to the load.

[0051] For example, a second varistor ZR2 is also provided on the device layout area of ​​the printed circuit board 500. The second varistor ZR2 is connected to the tripping drive module 200 and is provided on the back side of the printed circuit board 500.

[0052] It is understandable that, since the second varistor ZR2 is located across the second diode D2, the second varistor ZR2 is positioned opposite the printed circuit board 500 and the tripping drive module 200. Because the first varistor ZR1 and the second varistor ZR2 may experience arcing during the absorption of electrical energy when leakage occurs, the first varistor ZR1 and the second varistor ZR2 are located on the back component layout area of ​​the printed circuit board 500 to isolate them from the components located on the front component layout area of ​​the printed circuit board 500.

[0053] It is understood that the PCB layout structure of the integrated leakage protection board in this application embodiment places the components of the leakage protection device on the same printed circuit board. The PCB layout structure is reasonably designed and effectively reduces the size of the leakage protection device.

[0054] It should be noted that the PCB layout structure of the integrated leakage protection board in this application embodiment aims to provide an arrangement of the modules and devices of the leakage protection device. The specific structure and composition of each module are not limited to the circuit structure shown in Figure 1. Adjusting the connection method of the devices or making equivalent substitutions for the devices on the circuit structure shown in Figure 1 can achieve the function and effect of the leakage protection device in this application embodiment. This also applies to the PCB layout structure of the integrated leakage protection board in this application embodiment.

[0055] For example, at least one protective resistor is also provided on the device layout area, and the at least one protective resistor is located close to the thyristor drive module 101 for automatically detecting the connectivity between the shielding lines.

[0056] Specifically, a fifth resistor R5 is also provided on the device layout area of ​​the printed circuit board 500. The first end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the live wire L, and the second end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the second resistor R2. The fifth resistor R5 is located close to the thyristor drive module 101. When the shielding wires are disconnected, the fifth resistor R5 serves as a power-on circuit between the live wire L and the thyristor module 100 to trigger the tripping mechanism.

[0057] This application embodiment also provides a leakage current protection integrated board, which adopts the aforementioned PCB layout structure.

[0058] This application also provides an electronic device, which includes multiple current-carrying lines, at least one leakage current detection line, and the aforementioned integrated leakage current protection board, wherein the multiple current-carrying lines and at least one leakage current detection line are connected to the integrated leakage current protection board.

[0059] In some embodiments, the electronic device is an air conditioner.

[0060] Here, the multiple current-carrying wires may include a live wire L and a neutral wire N, and at least one leakage current detection wire may include a first leakage current detection wire led out from the shield wire covering the live wire L and a second leakage current detection wire led out from the shield wire covering the neutral wire N.

[0061] In some embodiments, the leakage protection integrated board can be installed on the plug side of the air conditioner, and the input power of the air conditioner supplies power to the load of the air conditioner through the leakage protection integrated board.

[0062] It should be noted that terms such as "first" and "second" are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0063] Furthermore, the technical solutions described in the embodiments of this application can be combined arbitrarily without conflict.

[0064] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A PCB layout structure for an integrated leakage current protection board, comprising a printed circuit board, wherein the printed circuit board is provided with a device layout area, and a first varistor, a silicon controlled rectifier module, a tripping drive module, a test module and an indicator module are provided on the device layout area; The first varistor is disposed on the first side edge of the printed circuit board, the thyristor module and the tripping drive module are disposed opposite to each other, the test module is disposed between the thyristor module and the tripping drive module and close to the first varistor, and the indicator module is disposed between the thyristor module and the tripping drive module; in, The detection power supply is connected to the printed circuit board from the first side of the printed circuit board, and the pin of the first varistor is bent at a set angle toward the first side.

2. The PCB layout structure according to claim 1, wherein, The first varistor is disposed on the back side of the printed circuit board.

3. The PCB layout structure according to claim 1, wherein, The pins of the first varistor are bent 90 degrees toward the first side.

4. The PCB layout structure according to claim 1, wherein, The detection power supply includes a current-carrying line and a shielding line covering the current-carrying line. A leakage current detection line is led out from the shielding line. The current-carrying line and the leakage current detection line are connected to the printed circuit board from the back of the printed circuit board.

5. The PCB layout structure according to claim 4, wherein, The thyristor module includes a thyristor drive module and a thyristor unit, wherein the thyristor drive module is disposed on the first side of the thyristor unit.

6. The PCB layout structure according to claim 5, wherein, At least one protective resistor is also provided on the device layout area, and the at least one protective resistor is located close to the thyristor drive module for automatically detecting the connectivity between each of the shielding lines.

7. The PCB layout structure according to claim 4, wherein, A second varistor is also provided on the device layout area. The second varistor is connected to the tripping drive module and is located on the back side of the printed circuit board.

8. The PCB layout structure according to claim 4, wherein, The indicator module is disposed on the second side edge of the printed circuit board, the second side being the opposite side of the first side.

9. The PCB layout structure according to claim 8, wherein, A trip reset button is also provided on the device layout area. The trip reset button is located between the SCR module and the trip drive module and close to the indicator module. The trip reset button is plugged into the printed circuit board.

10. A leakage current protection integrated board, wherein the leakage current protection integrated board adopts the PCB layout structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. An air conditioner, comprising a plurality of current-carrying wires, at least one leakage current detection wire, and a leakage current protection integrated board as described in claim 10, wherein the plurality of current-carrying wires and at least one leakage current detection wire are connected to the leakage current protection integrated board.

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