Antenna and wireless device

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of antennas. Disclosed are an antenna and a wireless device. The antenna comprises a substrate, a plurality of radiating elements, a transmission unit and a feed point, wherein the plurality of radiating elements are used for transmitting or receiving radio-frequency signals; the transmission unit is electrically connected to the feed point and the plurality of radiating elements, respectively; and the plurality of radiating elements, the transmission unit and the feed point are integrally formed on the same side of the substrate. Compared with an antenna in which a feed point and a plurality of radiating elements are electrically connected by means of bonding pads and a coaxial cable, the present application can significantly simplify the manufacturing process of an antenna, and therefore the production efficiency of the antenna can be improved and the production cost of the antenna can be reduced.

Description

Antennas and wireless devices

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202422641622.4, filed on October 30, 2024, entitled "Antenna and Wireless Device", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of communication equipment, and more particularly to an antenna and a wireless device. Background Technology

[0003] Currently, most routers on the market support dual-band operation, meaning both 2.4GHz and 5GHz frequency bands. For routers that support dual-band operation, the antenna can be either a dual-band single-feed antenna or a dual-band dual-feed antenna. Among these, the dual-band single-feed antenna is more widely used due to its advantages such as lower design complexity.

[0004] A dual-band single-feed antenna includes a substrate, multiple radiating elements, multiple pads, a coaxial cable, and a feed point. The multiple radiating elements, multiple pads, the coaxial cable, and the feed point are all arranged on the same side of the substrate. The coaxial cable is electrically connected to the multiple radiating elements and the feed point through multiple pads.

[0005] However, for the above structure, during the antenna manufacturing process, multiple pads need to be soldered to multiple radiating elements and feed points respectively, and then the coaxial cable needs to be connected to multiple pads. The manufacturing process of dual-band single-feed antenna is relatively complex, resulting in high manufacturing costs. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides an antenna and a wireless device that can simplify the antenna manufacturing process, thereby reducing the overall cost of the antenna and the wireless device. The corresponding technical solution is as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, this application provides an antenna, which includes a substrate, a plurality of radiating elements, a transmitting element, and a feed point. The plurality of radiating elements are used to transmit or receive radio frequency signals, and the transmitting element is electrically connected to the feed point and the plurality of radiating elements, respectively. The plurality of radiating elements, the transmitting element, and the feed point are integrally formed on the same side of the substrate.

[0008] The radiating element is the core component of an antenna, also known as an antenna element, used to transmit or receive electromagnetic waves, thereby enabling wireless signal transmission. Specifically, when an alternating current flows through the radiating element, according to the principle of electromagnetic induction, a changing electric and magnetic field is generated around the antenna element, thus forming electromagnetic waves. Furthermore, the radiating element can control the directionality of the transmitted or received electromagnetic waves. By designing the shape, size, and arrangement of the elements, the electromagnetic waves emitted by the antenna can be made omnidirectional or directional, and the antenna can receive electromagnetic waves in any direction. An antenna consists of multiple radiating elements, typically two or three.

[0009] The transmission unit is a component in an antenna used to electrically connect the radiating unit and the external circuitry. At the transmitting end of a wireless device (router), the electrical signal emitted by the chip passes through the external circuitry (including radio frequency circuitry and matching circuitry) and enters the transmission unit. From there, it enters the radiating unit, emitting electromagnetic waves. Correspondingly, at the receiving end, the radiating unit receives the electromagnetic waves and generates a current based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. This current passes through the transmission unit into the external circuitry and ultimately enters the chip as an electrical signal. Further, the transmission unit can be a coaxial cable or a microstrip line. In this application, the transmission unit is a microstrip line, and the transmission unit and the radiating unit are integrally molded components. Both the transmission unit and the radiating unit are typically made of metallic materials and possess good conductivity and electromagnetic wave radiation capabilities. Common materials for the transmission unit and radiating unit include aluminum and copper.

[0010] The feed point is a component in an antenna used to connect the transmission unit and the external circuitry. Through the feed point, electrical energy can be transferred from the external circuitry to the transmission unit, and then to the radiating unit, enabling the transmission of electromagnetic waves. Types of feed points include center feed points and coplanar waveguide feed points.

[0011] The substrate is a component in an antenna used to connect the feed point, radiating element, and transmission element, and to provide support for these components. In an antenna, the substrate can also be called a base plate. The substrate material is typically a high dielectric constant dielectric material, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), epoxy resin, hydrocarbon resin, or PPO (Polyphenylene Oxide), which possesses good electrical properties and mechanical stability. Furthermore, the substrate can be processed from a base material with a Dk value between 2.8 and 4.8 (e.g., 3.0), and the substrate has a plate-like structure. The feed point, radiating element, and transmission element can be located on the same side of the substrate. The transmission element, radiating element, and feed point can be integrally formed on the same side of the substrate using a printing process.

[0012] The technical solution disclosed in this application, compared with the related technology, firstly processes and forms a substrate, then solders pads to multiple radiating elements and feed points on the circuit layer of the substrate, and finally solders the coaxial cable to multiple pads. Multiple radiating elements, transmission elements and feed points are integrally formed on the same side of the substrate through printing process, which greatly simplifies the antenna processing process, thereby improving antenna production efficiency and reducing costs.

[0013] Meanwhile, multiple radiating elements, transmission elements, and feed points are integrally formed on the same side of the substrate through printing technology. During the antenna manufacturing process, there is no need to solder the pads and coaxial lines one by one. In different antennas, the connection positions of the radiating elements and transmission elements will not differ due to the offset soldering of the pads. This can improve the consistency of the positions of the components in the antenna, thereby improving the yield rate of the antenna.

[0014] In some possible implementations, the antenna includes multiple radiating elements, namely a first radiating element, a second radiating element, and a third radiating element, all of which are dipole radiating elements and are arranged at intervals.

[0015] The technical solution disclosed in this application configures multiple radiating elements as dipole radiating elements, which gives the antenna good directivity and a wide radiation angle in the vertical direction. The antenna can radiate bidirectionally, meaning that the radiation intensity at both ends of the antenna is equal or similar. In this application, the first, second, and third radiating elements are arranged at intervals, which can reduce mutual coupling between radiating elements and thus improve the radiation efficiency of the radiating elements. At the same time, by adjusting the spacing between adjacent radiating elements, the electromagnetic waves radiated by adjacent radiating elements can be made to interfere and enhance, thereby improving the performance of the antenna.

[0016] Specifically, the three radiation units are a first radiation unit, a second radiation unit, and a third radiation unit, all of which are dipole radiation units. The first radiation unit includes an adjacent first arm and a second arm, the second radiation unit includes an adjacent third arm and a fourth arm, and the third radiation unit includes an adjacent fifth arm and a sixth arm.

[0017] Furthermore, in this application, the transmission unit includes a first transmission line, a second transmission line, and a third transmission line, all of which are microstrip lines. The first transmission line is connected to the first arm and the antenna feed point, respectively, to achieve an electrical connection between the feed point and the first arm. The second transmission line is connected to the second arm and the third arm, respectively, to achieve an electrical connection between the second arm and the third arm. The third transmission line is connected to the fourth arm and the fifth arm, respectively, to achieve an electrical connection between the fourth arm and the fifth arm. The sixth arm of the third radiating unit can be grounded via a coaxial line. Specifically, the sixth arm can be grounded via the outer line of the coaxial line, while the inner line of the coaxial line is used for electrical connection between the external circuit and the feed point. It can be understood that there is no electrical connection between the first arm and the second arm, between the third arm and the fourth arm, and between the fifth arm and the sixth arm. Current is transmitted between the first arm and the second arm, between the third arm and the fourth arm, and between the fifth arm and the sixth arm through the principle of electromagnetic induction, that is, by using spatial radiation electromagnetic waves.

[0018] In some possible implementations, the second arm of the first radiating unit, the third and fourth arms of the second radiating unit, and the fifth arm of the third radiating unit each include two arms. Specifically, the second arm includes a first arm and a second arm, the third arm includes a third arm and a fourth arm, the fourth arm includes a fifth arm and a sixth arm, and the fifth arm includes a seventh arm and an eighth arm.

[0019] Optionally, the first and second arms may be distributed at intervals on both sides of the first transmission line, the third and fourth arms may be distributed at intervals on both sides of the first transmission line, the fifth and sixth arms may be distributed at intervals on both sides of the first transmission line, and the seventh and eighth arms may be distributed at intervals on both sides of the first transmission line.

[0020] The technical solution disclosed in this application includes two arms in each of the second, third, fourth, and fifth arms, with the two arms belonging to the same arm spaced apart on both sides of the first transmission line. This is equivalent to having clearance space in the middle of each of the second, third, fourth, and fifth arms for mounting the first transmission line. Compared to related technologies that use coaxial cables to connect multiple radiating elements, this clearance space allows the first transmission line to be placed in the same plane as the multiple radiating elements, rather than being suspended above them. This reduces the overall thickness of the antenna and facilitates miniaturization of the antenna and wireless devices.

[0021] Optionally, the first and second arms can be symmetrically distributed on both sides of the first transmission line, the third and fourth arms can be symmetrically distributed on both sides of the first transmission line, the fifth and sixth arms can be symmetrically distributed on both sides of the first transmission line, and the seventh and eighth arms can be symmetrically distributed on both sides of the first transmission line. This allows the antenna to have good directivity and also makes the antenna wiring neater.

[0022] In some possible implementations, the second transmission line includes a first sub-transmission line and a second sub-transmission line. The first sub-transmission line is electrically connected to the first arm and the third arm, respectively. The second sub-transmission line is electrically connected to the second arm and the fourth arm, respectively. The third transmission line includes a third sub-transmission line and a fourth sub-transmission line. The third sub-transmission line is electrically connected to the fifth arm and the seventh arm, respectively. The fourth sub-transmission line is electrically connected to the sixth arm and the eighth arm, respectively.

[0023] Specifically, the first and second sub-transmission lines can be spaced apart on both sides of the first transmission line, with the first sub-transmission line located on the side of the first arm closest to the first transmission line, and the second sub-transmission line located on the side of the second arm closest to the first transmission line. That is, the first and second sub-transmission lines are closer to the first transmission line than their respective arms. Similarly, the third and fourth sub-transmission lines can also be closer to the first transmission line than their respective arms. This allows for cleaner antenna wiring while ensuring good antenna gain.

[0024] In some possible implementations, the distance between the first arm and the second arm is located within a first interval, the distance between the second arm and the third arm, and the distance between the fourth arm and the fifth arm are all located within a second interval, and the distance between the third arm and the fourth arm, and the distance between the fifth arm and the sixth arm are all located within a third interval.

[0025] The first interval is [2.2mm, 3.8mm], the second interval is [0.6mm, 2.8mm], and the third interval is [0.2mm, 2.0mm].

[0026] For example, the distance between the first arm and the second arm is 3.4 mm, the distance between the second arm and the third arm, the distance between the fourth arm and the fifth arm are all 2.1 mm, and the distance between the third arm and the fourth arm, the distance between the fifth arm and the sixth arm are all 1.4 mm.

[0027] By adopting the technical solution shown in this application, the impedance can be improved and the radiation efficiency of the radiation element can be enhanced by reasonably setting the distance between multiple radiation elements and the distance between the two arms in each radiation element. This can also make the electromagnetic waves radiated by adjacent radiation elements have a superposition enhancement effect in the far field, thereby improving the performance of the antenna.

[0028] In some possible implementations, the antenna has multiple radiating elements including a first radiating element, a second radiating element, and a third radiating element, wherein the first radiating element and the third radiating element are dual-frequency radiating elements, and the second radiating element is a single-frequency radiating element.

[0029] The first radiating unit and the third radiating unit operate at the same frequency band, while the second radiating unit operates at either of the two frequency bands.

[0030] Specifically, the two operating frequency bands of the first radiating unit and the third radiating unit can both be 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz, and the operating frequency of the single-frequency radiating unit can be 5 GHz. Of course, the two operating frequency bands of the first radiating unit and the third radiating unit can also be 2.4 GHz and 5.2 GHz, or 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz.

[0031] Optionally, the first radiating element and the third radiating element can be distributed on both sides of the second radiating element. In this way, the two dual-frequency radiating elements can be symmetrically arranged about the single-frequency radiating element, thereby giving the antenna good directivity and gain.

[0032] In some possible implementations, the top surfaces of the plurality of radiating elements, the transmission elements, and the feed point are located in the same plane.

[0033] The top surface is the wall surface that faces away from the substrate.

[0034] Using the technical solution shown in this application, the plurality of radiating elements, the transmission element, and the feed point are integrally formed on the same side of the substrate, and the plurality of radiating elements, the transmission element, and the feed point are located in the same plane away from the wall of the substrate, so that the antenna is relatively flat as a whole, and thus the antenna is more suitable for arrangement in a narrow space, which can improve the flexibility of antenna arrangement.

[0035] Secondly, this application provides a wireless device, which may be a router, and the wireless device includes the antenna described in the first aspect and its possible implementations.

[0036] The beneficial effects of the wireless device provided in the second aspect of this application are as described in the beneficial effects of the antenna provided in the first aspect of this application, and will not be repeated here.

[0037] The technical solution disclosed in this application integrates multiple radiating elements, transmission elements, and feed points in the antenna onto the same side of the substrate using a printing process, which greatly simplifies the antenna manufacturing process, thereby improving antenna production efficiency and reducing costs.

[0038] Meanwhile, multiple radiating elements, transmission elements, and feed points are integrally formed on the same side of the substrate through printing technology. During the antenna manufacturing process, there is no need to solder the pads and coaxial lines one by one. In different antennas, the connection positions of the radiating elements and transmission elements will not differ due to the offset soldering of the pads. This can improve the consistency of the positions of the components in the antenna, thereby improving the yield rate of the antenna. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first support arm provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 5 is a dipole azimuth plan view of an antenna provided in the 2.4 GHz band according to an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 6 is a plan view of the dipole elevation angle of an antenna provided in the 2.4GHz band according to an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 7 is a dipole azimuth plan view of an antenna in the 5GHz band provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 8 is a plan view of the dipole elevation angle of an antenna in the 5GHz band according to an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna in related technologies.

[0048] Legend: 1. Substrate; 2. Radiation unit; 21. First radiation unit; 22. Second radiation unit; 23. Third radiation unit; 211. First arm; 212. Second arm; 221. Third arm; 222. Fourth arm; 231. Fifth arm; 232. Sixth arm; 2121. First branch arm; 2122. Second branch arm; 2211. Third branch arm; 2212. Fourth branch arm; 2221. Fifth branch arm; 2222. Sixth branch arm; 2311. Seventh branch arm; 2312. Eighth branch arm; 2111. Ninth branch arm; 2112. Tenth branch arm; 2113. First connecting part; 21111. First branch; 21112. Second branch; 21121. Third branch; 21122. Fourth branch; 2321, Eleventh arm; 2322, Twelfth arm; 2323, Second connecting part; 3, Transmission unit; 31, First transmission line; 32, Second transmission line; 33, Third transmission line; 321, First sub-transmission line; 322, Second sub-transmission line; 331, Third sub-transmission line; 332, Fourth sub-transmission line; 4, Feeding point; 5, Coaxial cable. Detailed Implementation

[0049] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0050] While the description of this application is presented in conjunction with some embodiments, this does not mean that the features of this application are limited to this embodiment. On the contrary, the purpose of describing the application in conjunction with embodiments is to cover other options or modifications that may be derived based on the claims of this application. To provide a thorough understanding of this application, many specific details will be included in the following description. This application may also be implemented without using these details. Furthermore, to avoid confusion or obscuring the focus of this application, some specific details will be omitted in the description. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other.

[0051] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "first," "second," "third," and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first," "second," "third," and "fourth" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0052] In the embodiments of this application, "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0053] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. The directional terms mentioned in the embodiments of this application, such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer," are only for reference to the directions in the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are for better and clearer explanation and understanding of the embodiments of this application, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application. "Multiple" refers to at least two.

[0054] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" as described in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0055] Currently, dual-band single-fed antennas are widely used in home routers. Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of a dual-band single-fed antenna structure shown in related technologies. Referring to Figure 9, the dual-band single-fed antenna includes a substrate, three radiating elements, multiple pads, two coaxial lines, and a feed point. The three radiating elements, two coaxial lines, and feed point are all arranged on the same side of the substrate. The multiple radiating elements are all dipole radiating elements, and the two arms of each radiating element are soldered to two different pads. The inner and outer lines of the coaxial lines are soldered to different pads. The fabrication process of this antenna is relatively complex, resulting in high manufacturing costs.

[0056] This application relates to an antenna, which can be a WiFi (Wireless Fidelity) antenna for a home router. This antenna can be a dual-band single-feed antenna, meaning it includes two operating frequency bands and a feed point. The two operating frequency bands can be a first frequency band and a second frequency band; the first frequency band can be a 5GHz band, and the second frequency band can be a 2.4GHz band.

[0057] As shown in Figure 1, the antenna includes a substrate 1, multiple radiating elements 2, a transmission element 3, and a feed point 4. The multiple radiating elements 2 are used to transmit or receive radio frequency signals. The transmission element 3 is electrically connected to the feed point 4 and the multiple radiating elements 2 respectively. The multiple radiating elements 2, the transmission element 3, and the feed point 4 are integrally formed on the same side of the substrate 1.

[0058] The substrate 1 is used to physically connect multiple radiating elements 2, transmitting elements 3, and feed points 4, and provides support for these elements. The multiple radiating elements 2 can have different operating frequency bands, thus enabling the antenna to operate in both the first and second frequency bands mentioned above. The multiple radiating elements 2, transmitting elements 3, and feed points 4 can be integrally formed on the same side of the substrate 1 using a printing process.

[0059] Using the technical solution shown in this application, multiple radiating elements 2, transmitting elements 3, and feeding points 4 can be integrally formed on the same side of the substrate 1 through a printing process. Compared with related technologies, this eliminates the need for two processes: soldering the pads and radiating elements together, and soldering the coaxial cable and the pads together. This greatly simplifies the antenna manufacturing process, thereby improving antenna production efficiency and reducing costs.

[0060] In addition, multiple radiating elements 2, transmission elements 3 and feed points 4 are integrally formed on the same side of the substrate 1 through a printing process. Since the above-mentioned welding process is eliminated, the connection position of the radiating element 2 and the transmission element 3 will not differ due to the misalignment of the soldering for different antennas. This can improve the consistency of the position of each component in the antenna, thereby improving the yield of the antenna.

[0061] In some possible embodiments, the plurality of radiating elements 2 include a first radiating element 21, a second radiating element 22, and a third radiating element 23 arranged at intervals, wherein the first radiating element 21, the second radiating element 22, and the third radiating element 23 are all dipole radiating elements. The first radiating element 21 includes a first arm 211 and a second arm 212, the second radiating element 22 includes a third arm 221 and a fourth arm 222, and the third radiating element 23 includes a fifth arm 231 and a sixth arm 232.

[0062] As shown in Figure 1, the substrate 1 is an elongated rectangular thin plate structure. The first radiating unit 21, the second radiating unit 22, and the third radiating unit 23 are located on the same side of the substrate 1 and are spaced apart along the length of the substrate 1. Within the first radiating unit 21, the first arm 211 and the second arm 212 are spaced apart along the length of the substrate 1. Within the second radiating unit 22, the third arm 221 and the fourth arm 222 are spaced apart along the length of the substrate 1. Within the third radiating unit 23, the fifth arm 231 and the sixth arm 232 are spaced apart along the length of the substrate 1.

[0063] Optionally, the dimensions of the first radiating element 21, the second radiating element 22, and the third radiating element 23 in the width direction of the substrate 1 can be equal, and all can be smaller than the width of the substrate 1. In this way, the edges of the first radiating element 21, the second radiating element 22, and the third radiating element 23 can be prevented from extending beyond the substrate 1, thereby improving the overall strength of the antenna.

[0064] Optionally, the first radiating element 21, the second radiating element 22, and the third radiating element 23 can be arranged centered in the width direction of the substrate 1. This can improve the symmetry of the antenna.

[0065] In some examples, transmission unit 3 includes a first transmission line 31, a second transmission line 32, and a third transmission line 33.

[0066] As shown in Figure 2, the transmission unit 3 includes a first transmission line 31, a second transmission line 32, and a third transmission line 33. The first transmission line 31 is used to electrically connect the first radiation unit 21 and the feed point 4, the second transmission line 32 is used to electrically connect the first radiation unit 21 and the second radiation unit 22, and the third transmission line 33 is used to electrically connect the second radiation unit 22 and the third radiation unit 23.

[0067] Specifically, the two ends of the first transmission line 31 are connected to the first arm 211 and the feed point 4, respectively, to achieve an electrical connection between the first arm 211 and the feed point 4. The two ends of the second transmission line 32 are connected to the second arm 212 and the third arm 221, respectively, to achieve an electrical connection between the second arm 212 and the third arm 221. The two ends of the third transmission line 33 are connected to the fourth arm 222 and the fifth arm 231, respectively, to achieve an electrical connection between the fourth arm 222 and the fifth arm 231. The sixth arm 232 is used for grounding.

[0068] Furthermore, referring to Figure 2, the antenna also includes a coaxial line 5. One end of the inner line of the coaxial line 5 is electrically connected to the feed point 4 via a solder pad, and the other end is electrically connected to the external circuit. One end of the outer line of the coaxial line 5 is electrically connected to the sixth arm 232 via a solder pad, and the other end is grounded.

[0069] The external circuit includes a radio frequency (RF) circuit and a matching circuit. The input terminal of the RF circuit is electrically connected to the chip in the router, the output terminal of the RF circuit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the matching circuit, and the output terminal of the matching circuit is electrically connected to the inner line of the coaxial cable 5.

[0070] In implementation, the electrical signal emitted by the chip passes sequentially through the radio frequency circuit and the matching circuit, enters the antenna through the inner line of coaxial line 5 via feed point 4, and then enters the first arm 211 via the first transmission line 31. Within the first arm 211, the alternating current emits electromagnetic waves outward according to the principle of electromagnetic induction. These electromagnetic waves are received by the external antenna and also by the second arm 212; that is, the first arm 211 forms an alternating current within the second arm 212 through spatial radiation. Within the second arm 212, this alternating current enters the third arm 221 via the second transmission line 32. Within the third arm 221, the alternating current emits electromagnetic waves outward according to the principle of electromagnetic induction. These electromagnetic waves are received by the external antenna and also by the fourth arm 222; that is, the third arm 221 forms an alternating current within the fourth arm 222 through spatial radiation. Within the fourth arm 222, this alternating current enters the fifth arm 231 via the third transmission line 33. Within the fifth arm 231, the alternating current emits electromagnetic waves outward according to the principle of electromagnetic induction. These electromagnetic waves are received by the external antenna and also by the sixth arm 232. In other words, the fifth arm 231 generates an alternating current within the sixth arm 232 through spatial radiation. Within the sixth arm 232, the alternating current flows to the ground through the outer line of the coaxial line 5, forming a complete circuit.

[0071] In some examples, the second arm 212, the third arm 221, the fourth arm 222, and the fifth arm 231 described above each include two arms. As shown in Figure 2, the second arm 212 includes a first arm 2121 and a second arm 2122, the third arm 221 includes a third arm 2211 and a fourth arm 2212, the fourth arm 222 includes a fifth arm 2221 and a sixth arm 2222, and the fifth arm 231 includes a seventh arm 2311 and an eighth arm 2312.

[0072] Optionally, the first arm 2121 and the second arm 2122 are distributed at intervals on both sides of the first transmission line 31, the third arm 2211 and the fourth arm 2212 are distributed at intervals on both sides of the first transmission line 31, the fifth arm 2221 and the sixth arm 2222 are distributed at intervals on both sides of the first transmission line 31, and the seventh arm 2311 and the eighth arm 2312 are distributed at intervals on both sides of the first transmission line 31.

[0073] Using the technical solution shown in this application, the second arm 212, the third arm 221, the fourth arm 222, and the fifth arm 231 each include two arms, and the two arms belonging to the same arm are spaced apart on both sides of the first transmission line 31. This is equivalent to providing clearance space for installing the first transmission line 31 in the middle of the second arm 212, the third arm 221, the fourth arm 222, and the fifth arm 231. Referring to Figure 9, compared with the related technology that connects multiple radiating elements by setting coaxial lines, the clearance space allows the first transmission line 31 to be placed on top of multiple radiating elements 2 without being suspended above them. Instead, the first transmission line 31 and multiple radiating elements 2 are located in the same plane, thereby reducing the overall thickness of the antenna and facilitating the miniaturization design of the antenna and wireless equipment.

[0074] Optionally, the first arm 2121 and the second arm 2122 may be symmetrically distributed on both sides of the first transmission line 31, the third arm 2211 and the fourth arm 2212 may be symmetrically distributed on both sides of the first transmission line 31, the fifth arm 2221 and the sixth arm 2222 may be symmetrically distributed on both sides of the first transmission line 31, and the seventh arm 2311 and the eighth arm 2312 may be symmetrically distributed on both sides of the first transmission line 31.

[0075] This allows the antenna to have good directivity and also makes the antenna wiring neater.

[0076] In some examples, both the second transmission line 32 and the third transmission line 33 include two sub-transmission lines, each of which is used to connect to two adjacent arms located on the same side of the first transmission line 31.

[0077] As shown in Figure 2, the second transmission line 32 includes a first sub-transmission line 321 and a second sub-transmission line 322. The first sub-transmission line 321 is electrically connected to the first arm 2121 and the third arm 2211, respectively. The second sub-transmission line 322 is electrically connected to the second arm 2122 and the fourth arm 2212, respectively. The third transmission line 33 includes a third sub-transmission line 331 and a fourth sub-transmission line 332. The third sub-transmission line 331 is electrically connected to the fifth arm 2221 and the seventh arm 2311, respectively. The fourth sub-transmission line 332 is electrically connected to the sixth arm 2222 and the eighth arm 2312, respectively.

[0078] In one example, the first arm 211, the first transmission line 31, and the feed point 4 are integrally formed on the same side of the substrate 1. The first branch arm 2121, the second branch arm 2122, the third branch arm 2211, the fourth branch arm 2212, the first sub-transmission line 321, and the second sub-transmission line 322 are integrally formed on the same side of the substrate 1. The fifth branch arm 2221, the sixth branch arm 2222, the seventh branch arm 2311, the eighth branch arm 2312, the third sub-transmission line 331, and the fourth sub-transmission line 332 are integrally formed on the same side of the substrate 1. The sixth arm 232 is integrally formed on the same side of the substrate 1.

[0079] Further, referring to Figure 2, the first arm 211 includes a ninth arm 2111, a tenth arm 2112, and a first connecting portion 2113. The two ends of the first connecting portion 2113 are connected to the ninth arm 2111 and the tenth arm 2112, respectively, and the middle portion of the first connecting portion 2113 is connected to one end of the first transmission line 31. The ninth arm 2111, the tenth arm 2112, the first connecting portion 2113, the first transmission line 31, and the feed point 4 are integrally formed on the same side of the substrate 1. This simplifies the antenna manufacturing process, thereby improving production efficiency and reducing the antenna manufacturing cost.

[0080] Further, referring to Figure 2, the sixth arm 232 includes an eleventh arm 2321, a twelfth arm 2322, and a second connecting portion 2323. The two ends of the second connecting portion 2323 are connected to the eleventh arm 2321 and the twelfth arm 2322, respectively. The second connecting portion 2323 has a clearance space for accommodating the feed point 4. This allows for a more compact antenna wiring, which is beneficial for the miniaturization design of the antenna.

[0081] In some examples, the distance between the first arm 211 and the second arm 212 is located in the first interval, the distance between the second arm 212 and the third arm 221, the distance between the fourth arm 222 and the fifth arm 231 are all located in the second interval, and the distance between the third arm 221 and the fourth arm 222, the distance between the fifth arm 231 and the sixth arm 232 are all located in the third interval.

[0082] The first interval is [2.2mm, 3.8mm], the second interval is [0.6mm, 2.8mm], and the third interval is [0.2mm, 2.0mm].

[0083] For example, referring to Figure 3, the distance between the first arm 211 and the second arm 212 is 3.4 mm, the distance between the second arm 212 and the third arm 221, the distance between the fourth arm 222 and the fifth arm 231 are all 2.1 mm, and the distance between the third arm 221 and the fourth arm 222, the distance between the fifth arm 231 and the sixth arm 232 are all 1.4 mm.

[0084] By adopting the technical solution shown in this application, the impedance can be improved and the radiation efficiency of the radiation element can be enhanced by reasonably setting the distance between multiple radiation elements and the distance between the two arms in each radiation element. This can also make the electromagnetic waves radiated by adjacent radiation elements have a superposition enhancement effect in the far field, thereby improving the performance of the antenna.

[0085] In some possible embodiments, the first radiating element 21 and the third radiating element 23 are dual-frequency radiating elements, and the two operating frequency bands of the first radiating element 21 and the third radiating element 23 are the same. The second radiating element 22 is a single-frequency radiating element, and the operating frequency band of the second radiating element 22 is any one of the two operating frequency bands of the first radiating element 21.

[0086] For example, the two operating frequency bands of the first radiating unit 21 and the third radiating unit 23 can both be 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz, and the operating frequency of the second radiating unit 22 can be 5 GHz. The first radiating unit 21 is a dipole radiating unit, including a first arm 211 and a second arm 212. The specific structure of the first arm 211 will be described below, and the structure of the second arm 212 can be referred to the specific structure of the first arm 211.

[0087] Specifically, referring to Figure 4, the first arm 211 includes a ninth arm 2111, a tenth arm 2112, and a first connecting portion 2113. The ninth arm 2111 includes a first branch 21111 and a second branch 21112, and the tenth arm 2112 includes a third branch 21121 and a fourth branch 21122. The first branch 21111 and the third branch 21121 are used to transmit or receive radio frequency signals in the 2.4 GHz band, and the second branch 21112 and the fourth branch 21122 are used to transmit or receive radio frequency signals in the 5 GHz band. The length of the first branch 21111 is greater than the length of the second branch 21112, and the length of the third branch 21121 is greater than the length of the fourth branch 21122.

[0088] Optionally, the first branch 21111 and the third branch 21121 can be symmetrical about the neutral plane of the antenna, and the second branch 21112 and the fourth branch 21122 can also be symmetrical about the neutral plane of the antenna. The neutral plane of the antenna is a plane perpendicular to the substrate 1 and equidistant from both ends in the width direction of the substrate 1. This allows the antenna to have good directivity.

[0089] The structure of the third radiating unit 23 can be referred to the description of the first radiating unit 21 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0090] Referring to simulation data, for the antenna shown in Figure 1, Figure 5 (where Phi represents the angle in the horizontal plane) shows the antenna's radiation pattern related to azimuth angle in the 2.4 GHz band, i.e., the dipole azimuth plane diagram in the 2.4 GHz band. Figure 6 shows the antenna's radiation pattern related to elevation angle in the 2.4 GHz band, i.e., the dipole elevation plane diagram in the 2.4 GHz band. Referring to Figures 5 and 6, it can be seen that the antenna has good gain in the 2.4 GHz band. Correspondingly, for the antenna shown in Figure 1, Figure 7 shows the antenna's radiation pattern related to azimuth angle in the 5 GHz band, i.e., the dipole azimuth plane diagram in the 5 GHz band. Figure 8 shows the antenna's radiation pattern related to elevation angle in the 5 GHz band, i.e., the dipole elevation plane diagram in the 5 GHz band. Referring to Figures 7 and 8, it can be seen that the antenna has good gain in the 5 GHz band.

[0091] In some possible examples, the top surfaces of multiple radiating units 2, transmission units 3 and feed points 4 are located in the same plane, and the top surface is the wall surface away from the substrate 1.

[0092] Using the technical solution shown in this application, multiple radiating elements 2, transmission elements 3 and feed points 4 are integrally formed on the same side of the substrate 1, and the multiple radiating elements 2, transmission elements 3 and feed points 4 are located in the same plane away from the wall of the substrate 1, so that the antenna is relatively flat as a whole, and thus the antenna is more suitable for arrangement in a narrow space, which can improve the flexibility of antenna arrangement.

[0093] This application also provides a wireless device, which may be a router, and the router includes the antenna described above. The router may include multiple antennas, for example, two, three, or more of the antennas described above.

[0094] The above description is merely one embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that, The antenna includes a substrate (1), multiple radiating elements (2), a transmission element (3), and a feed point (4); The plurality of radiating units (2) are used to transmit or receive radio frequency signals; The transmission unit (3) is electrically connected to the feed point (4) and the plurality of radiation units (2), respectively; The plurality of radiating units (2), the transmission unit (3) and the feed point (4) are integrally formed on the same side of the substrate (1).

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of radiation units (2) include a first radiation unit (21), a second radiation unit (22) and a third radiation unit (23) distributed at intervals, wherein the first radiation unit (21), the second radiation unit (22) and the third radiation unit (23) are all dipole radiation units.

3. The antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transmission unit (3) includes a first transmission line (31), a second transmission line (32) and a third transmission line (33). The first transmission line (31) is electrically connected to the first arm (211) of the first radiation unit (21) and the feed point (4), respectively. The second transmission line (32) is electrically connected to the second arm (212) of the first radiation unit (21) and the third arm (221) of the second radiation unit (22), respectively. The third transmission line (33) is electrically connected to the fourth arm (222) of the second radiation unit (22) and the fifth arm (231) of the third radiation unit (23), respectively. The sixth arm (232) of the third radiation unit (23) is used for grounding.

4. The antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second arm (212) includes a first arm (2121) and a second arm (2122), which are spaced apart on both sides of the first transmission line (31); The third arm (221) includes a third branch arm (2211) and a fourth branch arm (2212), which are spaced apart on both sides of the first transmission line (31); The fourth arm (222) includes a fifth arm (2221) and a sixth arm (2222), which are spaced apart on both sides of the first transmission line (31); The fifth arm (231) includes a seventh arm (2311) and an eighth arm (2312), which are spaced apart on both sides of the first transmission line (31).

5. The antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second transmission line (32) includes a first sub-transmission line (321) and a second sub-transmission line (322). The first sub-transmission line (321) is electrically connected to the first arm (2121) and the third arm (2211) respectively. The second sub-transmission line (322) is electrically connected to the second arm (2122) and the fourth arm (2212) respectively. The third transmission line (33) includes a third sub-transmission line (331) and a fourth sub-transmission line (332). The third sub-transmission line (331) is electrically connected to the fifth arm (2221) and the seventh arm (2311) respectively, and the fourth sub-transmission line (332) is electrically connected to the sixth arm (2222) and the eighth arm (2312) respectively.

6. The antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The distance between the first arm (211) and the second arm (212) lies within a first interval, which is [2.2mm, 3.8mm]. The distance between the second arm (212) and the third arm (221), and the distance between the fourth arm (222) and the fifth arm (231) are both within the second interval, which is [0.6mm, 2.8mm]. The distance between the third arm (221) and the fourth arm (222), and the distance between the fifth arm (231) and the sixth arm (232) are both within a third interval, which is [0.2mm, 2.0mm].

7. The antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first radiation unit (21) and the third radiation unit (23) are dual-frequency radiation units, and the two operating frequency bands of the first radiation unit (21) and the third radiation unit (23) are the same; The second radiation unit (22) is a single-frequency radiation unit, and the operating frequency band of the second radiation unit (22) is either of the two operating frequency bands.

8. The antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first radiation unit (21) and the third radiation unit (23) are distributed on both sides of the second radiation unit (22).

9. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The top surfaces of the plurality of radiating units (2), the transmission unit (3) and the feed point (4) are located in the same plane, and the top surface is a wall surface away from the substrate (1).

10. A router, characterized in that, The router includes an antenna as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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