Animal behavior detection method and apparatus based on electrical signals, and electronic device

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of circuits. Provided are an animal behavior detection method and apparatus based on electrical signals, and an electronic device, which solve the technical problem of low data accuracy of animal behavior detection results. The method comprises: in response to a change in an original balanced state triggered by a sensing rod, determining a signal detected by the sensing rod to be a signal to be detected; on the basis of the signal to be detected, suppressing a common-mode signal and amplifying a differential-mode signal, and filtering the signal to be detected so as to obtain a target signal to be detected; amplifying said target signal, and converting said target signal into a TTL level signal within a specified voltage value range when said target signal is amplified to a second specified voltage value; and analyzing voltage and frequency characteristics of the TTL level signal and a feedback signal transmitted by the sensing rod, so as to obtain a signal analysis result, and on the basis of the signal analysis result, monitoring whether an animal exhibits an animal water-drinking behavior causing a signal change.

Description

Methods, devices, and electronic equipment for detecting animal behavior based on electrical signals Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of circuit technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, and electronic device for detecting animal behavior based on electrical signals. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, in the field of biomedical research, the detection of laboratory animal behavior is crucial for collecting scientific data. For example, the results of animal behavior testing can be used to detect sucrose preference rates, thereby analyzing depression, and can also be used to test certain drugs. However, the accuracy of animal behavior testing results obtained through existing technologies is relatively low. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an animal behavior detection method, device, and electronic device based on electrical signals to solve the technical problem of low data accuracy in animal behavior detection results.

[0004] In a first aspect, this application provides an animal behavior detection method based on electrical signals, applied to a detection component. The detection component includes a sensing rod, a hysteresis circuit, an amplification circuit, a sensing detection circuit, and an integrated CAN module data acquisition board. The sensing rod is disposed in a container filled with liquid and in contact with the liquid. The container is disposed on a box containing an animal. A conductive device that can contact the animal is disposed inside the box, near the container. The method includes:

[0005] In response to the change in the original balance state triggered by the sensing rod, the signal detected by the sensing rod is determined as the signal to be detected;

[0006] Based on the signal to be detected, the common-mode signal is suppressed and the differential signal is amplified. When the differential signal is amplified to a first specified voltage value, the signal to be detected is filtered by the hysteresis circuit to maintain the current state and eliminate interference signals in the signal to be detected, thereby obtaining the target signal to be detected.

[0007] The target signal to be detected is amplified by the amplification circuit and the hysteresis circuit, and when the target signal to be detected is amplified to a second specified voltage value, the target signal to be detected is converted into a TTL level signal within a specified voltage range; wherein, the second specified voltage value is greater than the first specified voltage.

[0008] The voltage and frequency characteristics of the TTL level signal and the feedback signal transmitted by the sensing rod are analyzed by the sensing detection circuit to obtain the signal analysis results. Based on the signal analysis results, it is detected whether the animal's drinking behavior causes signal changes.

[0009] When the animal's drinking behavior is detected, causing a signal change, the sensing detection circuit converts the signal change information into a high-level output signal, and performs signal processing and data parsing on the high-level output signal to obtain the data parsing result.

[0010] Based on the data analysis results, it is determined whether the signal to be detected in the current instance is caused by valid animal drinking behavior. If it is caused by valid animal drinking behavior, the number of times the animal drinks is accumulated and the drinking duration of the current animal drinking behavior is determined. Based on the number of times the animal drinks and the drinking duration, the detection result of the animal drinking behavior is obtained.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the sensing rod is disposed within the container and placed in the water at any of the following locations:

[0012] The container plug, the bottom of the container, and the side portion of the container.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the sensing rod contains a resistor. After the capacitors at both ends charge and filter the resistor, the sensing rod remains in the original balance state between the circuit output and the feedback signal. In this original balance state, it is determined that the animal has not engaged in drinking behavior.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the front end of the sensing rod is provided with an interference source shielding and detection circuit. The interference source shielding and detection circuit is used to identify and respond to signal leakage caused by external environmental interference sources. When the interference signal is detected, it is transmitted through the sensing rod to the differential balance circuit inside the sensing plate for processing and elimination of common-mode interference of the interference signal.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the differential balance circuit and the signal amplification, filtering, and processing functions are all integrated through the sensing circuit communication board in the detection component.

[0016] The conductive device and the sensing rod are respectively connected to the IO port of the sensing circuit communication board so that when the animal drinks water and touches the conductive device, the animal's body intervenes to form a signal closed loop with the sensing rod.

[0017] The communication board of the sensing circuit has a reserved TTL output signal, which is used to connect with external devices.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the step of amplifying the target signal to be detected by the amplification circuit includes:

[0019] The target signal to be detected after interference cancellation is amplified by the amplification circuit to obtain the amplified target signal to be detected, and the amplified target signal to be detected is fed back to the sensing detection circuit to maintain the signal amplitude below a preset level.

[0020] In one possible implementation, the step of amplifying the target signal to be detected through the amplification circuit and the hysteresis circuit includes:

[0021] The target signal to be detected is filtered and amplified by the amplification circuit and the hysteresis circuit.

[0022] Secondly, an animal behavior detection device based on electrical signals is provided, applied to a detection component. The detection component includes a sensing rod, a hysteresis circuit, an amplification circuit, a sensing detection circuit, and an integrated CAN module data acquisition board. The sensing rod is disposed in a container filled with liquid and in contact with the liquid. The container is disposed on a box containing an animal. A conductive device that can contact the animal is disposed inside the box, near the container. The conductive device is connected to the sensing plate (GND). The device includes:

[0023] The determination module is used to determine the signal detected by the sensor rod as the signal to be detected in response to the change in the original balance state triggered by the sensor rod.

[0024] The processing module is used to suppress the common-mode signal and amplify the differential signal based on the signal to be detected. When the differential signal is amplified to a first specified voltage value, the hysteresis circuit is used to filter the signal to be detected to maintain the current state and eliminate interference signals in the signal to be detected, so as to obtain the target signal to be detected.

[0025] The conversion module is used to amplify the target signal to be detected through the amplification circuit and the hysteresis circuit, and convert the target signal to be detected into a TTL level signal within a specified voltage range when the target signal to be detected is amplified to a second specified voltage value; wherein the second specified voltage value is greater than the first specified voltage value;

[0026] The detection module is used to analyze the voltage and frequency characteristics of the TTL level signal and the feedback signal transmitted by the sensing rod through the sensing detection circuit, obtain the signal analysis results, and detect whether the animal has drinking behavior that causes signal changes based on the signal analysis results;

[0027] The parsing module is used to convert the signal change information into a high-level output signal through the sensing detection circuit when the animal's drinking behavior is detected, and to perform signal processing and data parsing on the high-level output signal to obtain the data parsing result;

[0028] The calculation module is used to determine whether the signal to be detected in the current instance is caused by valid animal drinking behavior based on the data parsing results. If it is caused by valid animal drinking behavior, the module accumulates the number of times the animal drinks and determines the drinking duration of the current animal drinking behavior. Based on the number of drinking times and the drinking duration, the module obtains the detection result of the animal drinking behavior and uploads the detection result through the integrated CAN module data acquisition board.

[0029] Thirdly, this application also provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program that can run on the processor, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the method described in the first aspect above.

[0030] Fourthly, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions that, when invoked and executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the method described in the first aspect above.

[0031] This application brings the following beneficial effects:

[0032] This application provides a method, device, and electronic device for detecting animal behavior based on electrical signals. The method is applied to a detection component comprising a sensor rod, a hysteresis circuit, an amplification circuit, a sensing detection circuit, and an integrated CAN module data acquisition board. The sensor rod is placed in a container filled with liquid and in contact with the liquid. The container is placed on a box containing an animal. A conductive device that can contact the animal is located on the side of the box near the container. This method responds to changes in the original equilibrium state triggered by the sensor rod, determining the signal detected by the sensor rod as the signal to be detected. Based on the signal to be detected, common-mode signals are suppressed and differential signal is amplified. When the differential signal is amplified to a first specified voltage value, the hysteresis circuit filters the signal to be detected to maintain the current state and eliminate interference signals, obtaining the target signal to be detected. The amplification circuit and hysteresis circuit amplify the target signal to be detected, and... When the target signal to be detected is amplified to a second specified voltage value, it is converted into a TTL level signal within a specified voltage range. The second specified voltage value is greater than the first specified voltage value. The voltage and frequency characteristics of the TTL level signal and the feedback signal transmitted by the sensing rod are analyzed by the sensing detection circuit to obtain the signal analysis results. Based on the signal analysis results, it is detected whether the animal's drinking behavior causes the signal change. When the animal's drinking behavior causes the signal change, the sensing detection circuit converts the signal change information into a high-level output signal. The high-level output signal is then processed and analyzed to obtain the data analysis results. Based on the data analysis results, it is determined whether the current target signal is caused by valid animal drinking behavior. If it is caused by valid animal drinking behavior, the number of times the animal drinks is accumulated, and the drinking duration of the current animal drinking behavior is determined. Based on the number of drinking times and the drinking duration, the detection result of the animal drinking behavior is obtained. This solution improves the sensitivity and accuracy of detecting animal drinking behavior through a co-designed specialized water bottle and sensor rod, enabling precise detection of drinking behavior in laboratory animals. Furthermore, the sensing circuitry allows for the accurate identification and processing of weak signals. Moreover, the design minimizes the impact on animal behavior and physiological state, achieving non-invasive detection. This solution achieves high-sensitivity, low-interference, and non-invasive detection of laboratory animal drinking behavior, improving the accuracy of animal behavior detection data, interference control, and invasiveness to animals, thus solving the technical problem of low data accuracy in animal behavior detection results.

[0033] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0035] Figure 1 is a flowchart illustrating the animal behavior detection method based on electrical signals provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 2 is an example diagram of the structure of an animal drinking tank in the animal behavior detection method based on electrical signals provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0037] Figure 3 is another example of the structure of the animal drinking tank in the animal behavior detection method based on electrical signals provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0038] Figure 4 shows an example of multiple animal drinking tanks in the animal behavior detection method based on electrical signals provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0039] Figure 5 is an example of a special water bottle in the animal behavior detection method based on electrical signals provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0040] Figure 6 is another example of a special water bottle in the animal behavior detection method based on electrical signals provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0041] Figure 7 is another flowchart illustrating the animal behavior detection method based on electrical signals provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 8 shows another example of the sensor rod placement position in the animal behavior detection method based on electrical signals provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0043] Figure 9 shows an example of a water bottle limiting component in the animal behavior detection method based on electrical signals provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0044] Figure 10 shows an example of the placement of the aluminum plate or aluminum mesh in the animal behavior detection method based on electrical signals provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0045] Figure 11 is a partial example of a hysteresis circuit in the animal behavior detection method based on electrical signals provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0046] Figure 12 is a cut-out example of the differential amplifier circuit in the animal behavior detection method based on electrical signals provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0047] Figure 13 shows an example of a sensor rod (placed in a water bottle) in the animal behavior detection method based on electrical signals provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0048] Figure 14 shows an example of a sensing detection circuit in the animal behavior detection method based on electrical signals provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0049] Figure 15 is an example of the drinking frequency and drinking duration data in the animal behavior detection method based on electrical signals provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0050] Figure 16 is an example diagram of the induction circuit communication board in the animal behavior detection method based on electrical signals provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0051] Figure 17 is another example diagram of the induction circuit communication board in the animal behavior detection method based on electrical signals provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0052] Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of an animal behavior detection device based on electrical signals provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 19 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0054] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0055] The terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, used in the embodiments of this application, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the steps or units listed, but may optionally include other steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0056] Currently, the accuracy of animal behavior detection results obtained through existing technologies is relatively low. Therefore, this application provides an animal behavior detection method, apparatus, and electronic device based on electrical signals, which solves the technical problem of low accuracy in animal behavior detection results.

[0057] The embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0058] Figure 1 is a flowchart illustrating an animal behavior detection method based on electrical signals according to an embodiment of this application. The method is applied to a detection component, which includes a sensor rod, a hysteresis circuit, an amplification circuit, a sensing detection circuit, and an integrated CAN module data acquisition board. The sensor rod is placed in a container filled with liquid and is in contact with the liquid. The container is placed on a box containing an animal. A conductive device that can contact the animal is located on the side of the box near the container. As shown in Figure 1, the method includes:

[0059] Step S110: In response to the change in the original balance state triggered by the sensing rod, the signal detected by the sensing rod is determined as the signal to be detected.

[0060] In one possible implementation, the sensing rod consists of a 1MΩ resistor, a 47uF electrolytic capacitor, and a 0.1nF ordinary capacitor. Typically, the resistance of a mouse is considered to be 50kΩ. Therefore, the current passing through the mouse's body when it drinks water is very weak. Depending on individual differences, the current of the entire circuit will be controlled between 1uA and 15uA.

[0061] For example, the contents shown in Figures 2 and 3 are one compartment of the water tank of the animal shown in Figure 4 (such as a mouse, which will be used as an example below). As shown in Figure 2, it includes: a central control motherboard, i.e. an integrated circuit communication motherboard, which integrates 10 small sensor boards, so a single board can control ten water bottles; a conductive device (such as an aluminum plate or aluminum mesh) that comes into direct contact with the mouse's paws, embedded inside the tank (as shown on the steps on both sides of Figure 2, close to the water bottle openings, and can also be removed at any time); one compartment of the water tank; a sensor rod; a water bottle; and a water bottle clip.

[0062] Regarding Figure 3, it should be noted that when the mouse drinks water, it stands on the mesh. Each time its tongue touches the surface of the water bottle, the signal is transmitted back to the communication board via the sensor rod. After amplification, processing by the hysteresis circuit, and recording, the signal is sent to the central CAN module and then reported to the software to obtain real-time monitoring data. The white area represents the cutout, which corresponds to the drawer location; the drawer is the upper black section.

[0063] As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the container filled with liquid can be a specialized water bottle, such as a drinking container designed for laboratory animals. It is connected to a sensor rod, forming the core of the signal closed-loop circuit. The sensor rod can be embedded in the stopper of the specialized water bottle, and it is used to sense the subtle effects on the signal caused by the laboratory animal drinking water.

[0064] In one possible implementation, the sensor rod can be positioned anywhere within the container above the water surface, but must remain submerged if the top cap is inserted. For example, the sensor rod can be positioned within the container and submerged in water in any of the following locations: the container stopper, the bottom of the container, or the side of the container. The sensor rod can be moved downwards, i.e., placed at the bottom or side of the bottle, as indicated by the arrow in Figure 8. In the water bottle, as shown in Figure 9, this component serves as a bottle retainer, measuring 104*35*30mm. The purpose is to effectively clear air from the glass tube after the mouse drinks, allowing water to flow smoothly to the spout.

[0065] For the conductive device, an aluminum plate or other conductive mesh-like object can be used instead. The aluminum plate is embedded in the housing, and a sensor rod needs to be built into the bottle stopper (or installed at the bottom of the bottle). The aluminum plate and the sensor rod are connected to the I / O ports of the communication board to form a circuit. When a mouse steps on the aluminum plate to drink, it forms a circuit with the sensor rod in the bottle stopper, thus detecting the number of times and duration of drinking. The collected data is then aggregated via the CAN bus and sent to the software for real-time observation.

[0066] For example, as shown in Figure 10, the aluminum plate is installed inside the water tank of the mouse, and the sensor rod is installed on the water bottle stopper or the bottom of the water bottle. The purpose is to form a complete loop with the aluminum plate, that is, the circuit device adopts a closed-loop signal detection mechanism so as to receive valid signals using the CAN bus and summarize them to the software.

[0067] In one optional implementation, the sensing rod is equipped with a resistor with a resistance of 1MΩ. After the resistor is charged and filtered by the capacitors at both ends (47uf electrolytic capacitor and 0.1nf ordinary capacitor), the sensing rod maintains the original balance between the circuit output and the feedback signal. In the original balance state, it is determined that the animal has not drunk water.

[0068] In practical applications, after the resistor is charged and filtered by connecting an electrolytic capacitor of 47uF and a regular capacitor of 0.1nF in parallel at both ends, the induction rod remains in the original balanced state between the circuit output and the feedback signal.

[0069] When there are no external influences, the circuit output and feedback signal remain balanced, and the system determines that the animal has not drunk water; this is a signal equilibrium state. For example, the front-end sensing rod contains a 1MΩ surface-mount resistor. After the capacitors at both ends charge it, it maintains a stable state (the original equilibrium state). When the mouse triggers the signal, this equilibrium state is broken, and the back-end circuit detects, amplifies, and processes the signal. The signal detecting the mouse drinking action is very small, only 1 microamp, and is easily interfered with; therefore, a differential signal is added to optimize the signal.

[0070] In practical applications, as shown in Figure 7, when an animal steps on the aluminum plate to drink water, it triggers the sensor detection circuit, disrupting the original balance and sending signals to the downstream circuit for detection. Specifically, when a mouse drinks, its body enters the closed-loop circuit, and its resistive and capacitive characteristics alter the signal balance, triggering the detection mechanism and causing the mouse's behavior to intervene and the signal to change. Specifically, when the mouse drinks inside the enclosure, it steps on the aluminum plate. Each time the mouse drinks, its tongue touches the water surface of the bottle's spout. The signal travels through the water in the bottle to the sensor in the bottle stopper. At this point, the sensor and the aluminum plate form a complete loop. The sensor then transmits the signal back to the communication board. After signal processing, the collected data is sent to the CAN bus, and the data is summarized and observed in real-time on the software.

[0071] As an alternative implementation, the signal detected by the induction rod is designed to be a weak signal. By designing the signal in the embodiments of this application to be a weak signal, the impact on the animal is reduced, while being susceptible to environmental electromagnetic interference.

[0072] Step S120: Based on the signal to be detected, the common-mode signal is suppressed and the differential signal is amplified. When the differential signal is amplified to the first specified voltage value (1V), the signal to be detected is filtered by the hysteresis circuit to maintain the current state and eliminate the interference signal in the signal to be detected, so as to obtain the target signal to be detected.

[0073] For the signal to be detected, for example, when a mouse drinks water, its tongue contacts the water bottle's surface, and its paws contact the external metal mesh, forming a loop that generates a valid signal, which is the duration of a single drinking session.

[0074] It should be noted that the signal detected by the induction rod includes external interference signals (such as a human hand touching the bottle). During the detection process, common-mode signals are first suppressed, as shown in Figure 7, and then the differential diaphragm signal is amplified; that is, the differential balancing circuit begins to operate. After common-mode suppression at the front end, the differential diaphragm signal is amplified step by step throughout the circuit process, reaching approximately 1 volt (the first specified voltage value). When the differential diaphragm signal reaches 1V (the first specified voltage value), the signal is filtered by the hysteresis circuit, i.e., the circuit switches to the hysteresis circuit to filter and eliminate interference signals. It should be noted that when the differential diaphragm signal is amplified (with the mouse resistance set to 50kΩ), the voltage signal amplitude is 1V. Furthermore, during the filtering process of the signal, low-frequency and high-frequency signals are removed. The low-frequency signal is the weak signal generated when the experimenter touches the water bottle, and the high-frequency signal is the sniffing behavior signal of the mouse when it touches the water bottle but does not drink.

[0075] The hysteresis circuit, as shown in Figure 11, increases system stability and raises the trigger threshold for interference signals, ensuring signal validity. Specifically, the filtering function of the hysteresis comparator circuit aims to maintain a state, such as when an animal (e.g., a mouse) is drinking water. If this state is disrupted, the hysteresis circuit is designed to maintain the state immediately after the disruption. Simultaneously, the hysteresis circuit further enhances the anti-interference capability.

[0076] In one possible implementation, the front end of the sensing rod is provided with an interference source shielding and detection circuit. The interference source shielding and detection circuit is used to identify and respond to signal leakage caused by external environmental interference sources. When an interference signal is detected, it is transmitted through the sensing rod to the differential balance circuit inside the sensing plate for processing and elimination of common-mode interference of the interference signal.

[0077] For interference source shielding and detection, the inductive metal rod device incorporates interference shielding and detection circuitry to identify and eliminate interference signals. The differential balanced circuit is designed to eliminate common-mode interference and improve signal immunity. An example differential amplifier circuit is shown in Figure 12.

[0078] The induction rod integrates interference source shielding and detection circuitry, enabling it to accurately identify and respond to signal leakage that may be caused by external environmental interference sources (such as 50Hz AC power, WiFi, mobile phones, etc.). Once an interference signal is detected, the differential balancing circuit inside the induction rod activates, as shown in Figure 13, effectively processing and eliminating these common-mode interferences. This processing method not only enhances the circuit's anti-interference capability but also significantly improves the common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR), thereby ensuring signal purity and reliability. The signal, after interference cancellation, is amplified by a carefully designed amplification circuit and then fed back to the main detection circuit (induction detection circuit module). This step not only maximizes the signal sensing efficiency but also effectively reduces interference to experimental animals by maintaining the signal amplitude at an extremely low level, ensuring the non-invasiveness of the detection process. This design ensures both the accuracy of the detection data and the welfare of the experimental animals, demonstrating the dual advantages of this invention in terms of technological innovation and ethical considerations.

[0079] Step S130: The target signal to be detected is amplified by an amplification circuit and a hysteresis circuit, and when the target signal to be detected is amplified to a second specified voltage value (2.27~3V), the target signal to be detected is converted into a TTL level signal within the specified voltage range (TTL output signal is 5V).

[0080] Specifically, the second specified voltage value is greater than the first specified voltage value, the maximum value within the specified voltage range is greater than the second specified voltage value, and the minimum value within the specified voltage range is less than the first specified voltage value. It should be noted that this specified output voltage value should be controlled at 5V; otherwise, the detection will be invalid.

[0081] As shown in Figure 7, the target signal to be detected is amplified by an amplifier circuit and a hysteresis circuit. At this time, the voltage amplitude is amplified to between 2.27V and 3V. When the target signal to be detected is amplified to between 2.27V and 5V and close to 5V, the target signal to be detected is converted into a TTL level signal (5V) within the specified voltage range. Finally, the output is converted into a TTL level signal of zero to five volts (specified voltage range) for external output.

[0082] As an example, the process of amplifying the target signal to be detected by the above-mentioned amplification circuit can specifically include the following steps: Based on the target signal to be detected after interference cancellation (less than 1V, the actual test amplitude is 0.6 to 0.8V, depending on external environmental factors), the target signal to be detected is amplified by the amplification circuit. At this time, the voltage amplitude reaches about 1V, and the amplified target signal to be detected is obtained. The amplified target signal to be detected is then fed back to the sensing detection circuit to maintain the signal amplitude below a preset level.

[0083] For the induction detection circuit, as exemplified in Figure 14, the module of the induction detection circuit undertakes the dual responsibility of outputting a preset signal to the induction rod and simultaneously receiving its feedback signal, realizing signal interaction. This process is the core link in achieving accurate detection. Regarding Figure 14, it should be noted that the signal transmitted to the induction board is suppressed by R4 (27kΩ), R11 (100kΩ), and R6 (2kΩ) before flowing to the A1 amplification unit. Finally, the signal is determined to be 2.27–3V between R7 and GND, and further stabilized at 5V by U2.

[0084] In one possible implementation, the process of amplifying the target signal to be detected using the amplification circuit and hysteresis circuit may specifically include the following steps: filtering and amplifying the target signal to be detected using the amplification circuit and hysteresis circuit, where the amplified voltage amplitude is between 2.27V and 3V, which is considered a valid signal, i.e., amplified to a valid signal of 2.27V to 3V. For example, regarding signal amplification and feedback, the interference-cancelled signal is amplified and fed back to the main detection circuit for further filtering and amplification.

[0085] Step S140: The voltage and frequency characteristics of the TTL level signal and the feedback signal transmitted by the sensing rod are analyzed by the sensing detection circuit to obtain the signal analysis results. Based on the signal analysis results, it is detected whether the animal's drinking behavior causes the signal change.

[0086] By precisely analyzing the voltage and frequency characteristics of the output TTL high and low level signals and the feedback signal, signal changes caused by animal drinking behavior can be detected. It should be noted that the sensing detection circuit module (sensing detection circuit) has a high-speed real-time comparison function, realizing real-time detection and comparison. It can accurately analyze key characteristics such as voltage and frequency of the output and feedback signals, thereby detecting and capturing subtle changes in the drinking behavior of experimental animals.

[0087] Step S150: When an animal drinking behavior is detected that causes a signal change, the signal change information is converted into a high-level output signal through the sensing detection circuit, and the high-level output signal is processed and analyzed to obtain the data analysis result.

[0088] For a high-level output signal, for example, a high-level output signal between 2.27V and 3V represents valid drinking data. It should be noted that the signal processing module identifies signal changes, converts them into a high-level output, and provides a trigger signal to the processor to determine the animal's drinking behavior. Specifically, when a signal change caused by the animal's drinking behavior is detected, the sensing detection circuit module can quickly identify these changes and convert them into a TTL high-level output signal (high-level output signal). The sensing detection circuit module provides a clear trigger signal for subsequent signal processing and data analysis; that is, signal processing and data analysis are performed based on this high-level output signal.

[0089] Step S160: Based on the data analysis results, determine whether the signal to be detected in this instance is caused by effective animal drinking behavior. If it is caused by effective animal drinking behavior (only when the signal reaches 2.27-3V upon touch is it effective), then accumulate the number of times the animal drinks, and determine the drinking duration of the animal drinking behavior in this instance. Based on the number of drinking instances and the drinking duration, obtain the detection result of the animal drinking behavior.

[0090] In practical applications, the data analysis results can be used to determine whether the signal is caused by a valid animal drinking behavior. If so, the number of times the animal drinks is accumulated, and the duration of the drinking behavior is determined, thereby improving the accuracy of animal drinking behavior detection. The data on the number of drinking times and the duration of drinking are shown in Figure 15.

[0091] In one optional implementation, the detection component corresponding to the animal behavior detection method provided in this application embodiment can be attached to an existing sugar water tank for use in conjunction with it, and the number of times the mouse drinks water and the duration of drinking water are detected by electrical signals.

[0092] The co-designed specialized water bottle and sensor rod enhance the sensitivity and accuracy of detecting animal drinking behavior, enabling precise detection of this behavior in laboratory animals. Furthermore, the sensing circuitry allows for the accurate identification and processing of weak signals. Moreover, the design minimizes the impact on animal behavior and physiological state, achieving non-invasive detection. This solution achieves high-sensitivity, low-interference, and non-invasive detection of laboratory animal drinking behavior, improving detection accuracy, interference control, and minimizing disruption to the animals.

[0093] The steps described above will be explained in detail below.

[0094] In some embodiments, the differential balance circuit and the signal amplification, filtering and processing functions are all integrated through the sensing circuit communication board (sensing board) in the detection component; the conductive device (aluminum mesh) and the sensing rod are respectively connected to the IO port of the sensing circuit communication board so that when the animal drinks water and touches the conductive device, the animal's body intervenes and forms a signal closed loop with the sensing rod; the sensing circuit communication board has a reserved TTL output signal with an amplitude of 5V for use with external devices.

[0095] As an optional implementation, the induction circuit communication baseboard can reserve a TTL output signal to facilitate its connection with other devices in the future. For example, it can be used to stimulate photogenetic control of the amount and frequency of water drinking in mice.

[0096] For example, the components shown in Figures 16 and 17 are inductive circuit communication boards, which are packaged in a control box. This multifunctional circuit communication baseboard integrates key functions, improving system stability and anti-interference capabilities. Specifically, as the central nervous system of the entire circuit device, the circuit communication baseboard highly integrates multiple key functions such as signal processing, amplification, filtering, and differential balance circuitry, providing a solid hardware foundation for accurate signal capture and processing. Regarding Figure 16, it should be noted that 10 inductive boards detect signals from ten water bottles. The amplified signals from the inductive boards are transmitted to the main board for further processing, then received and stored by the microcontroller (at the two 40-pin pins on the right), processed, and calculated before flowing through the CAN module (lower right corner) to the software. In the figure, the microcontroller and CAN are not connected.

[0097] Through the differential balancing circuit, the baseboard can efficiently identify and eliminate common-mode interference, significantly improve the common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR), and optimize anti-interference performance, thus ensuring signal stability and reliability even in complex electromagnetic environments.

[0098] In this embodiment, the robustness of the system is further improved by introducing a hysteresis comparison circuit mechanism. This mechanism effectively avoids false triggering by setting a reasonable trigger threshold, enhancing system stability and ensuring that the system only responds to signals with practical significance, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the detection results.

[0099] Figure 18 provides a schematic diagram of an animal behavior detection device based on electrical signals. This device can be applied to a detection component, which includes a sensing rod, a hysteresis circuit, an amplification circuit, a sensing detection circuit, and an integrated CAN module data acquisition board. The sensing rod is placed in a container filled with liquid and in contact with the liquid. The container is placed on a box containing an animal. A conductive device (aluminum mesh) that can contact the animal is located inside the box, near the container. The conductive device (aluminum mesh) is connected to the sensing board at GND. As shown in Figure 18, the animal behavior detection device 1800 based on electrical signals includes:

[0100] The determination module 1801 is used to determine the signal detected by the sensing rod as the signal to be detected in response to the change in the original balance state triggered by the sensing rod.

[0101] The processing module 1802 is used to suppress the common-mode signal and amplify the differential signal based on the signal to be detected. When the differential signal is amplified to a first specified voltage value (1V), the signal to be detected is filtered by the hysteresis circuit to maintain the current state and eliminate interference signals in the signal to be detected, so as to obtain the target signal to be detected.

[0102] The conversion module 1803 is used to amplify the target signal to be detected through the amplification circuit and the hysteresis circuit, and convert the target signal to be detected into a TTL level signal (TTL level signal is 5V) within a specified voltage range when the target signal to be detected is amplified to a second specified voltage value (2.27V~3V); wherein the second specified voltage value is greater than the first specified voltage value;

[0103] The detection module 1804 is used to analyze the voltage and frequency characteristics of the TTL level signal and the feedback signal transmitted by the sensing rod through the sensing detection circuit, obtain the signal analysis results, and detect whether the animal has drinking behavior that causes signal changes based on the signal analysis results;

[0104] The parsing module 1805 is used to convert the signal change information into a high-level output signal through the sensing detection circuit when the animal's drinking behavior is detected, and to perform signal processing and data parsing on the high-level output signal to obtain the data parsing result;

[0105] The calculation module 1806 is used to determine whether the signal to be detected in the current instance is caused by valid animal drinking behavior based on the data parsing results. If it is caused by valid animal drinking behavior, the module accumulates the number of times the animal drinks and determines the drinking duration of the current instance. Based on the number of drinking instances and the drinking duration, the module obtains the detection result of the animal drinking behavior and uploads the detection result through the integrated CAN module data acquisition board. It should be noted that the integrated CAN module data acquisition board is used because CAN transmission is accurate and can simultaneously receive data from 5000+ processing units.

[0106] The animal behavior detection device based on electrical signals provided in this application has the same technical features as the animal behavior detection method based on electrical signals provided in the above embodiments, so it can also solve the same technical problems and achieve the same technical effects.

[0107] An electronic device provided in this application embodiment, as shown in FIG19, includes a processor 1902 and a memory 1901. The memory stores a computer program that can run on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method provided in the above embodiment.

[0108] Referring to Figure 19, the electronic device also includes a bus 1903 and a communication interface 1904. The processor 1902, the communication interface 1904, and the memory 1901 are connected via the bus 1903. The processor 1902 is used to execute executable modules, such as computer programs, stored in the memory 1901.

[0109] The memory 1901 may include high-speed random access memory (RAM) or non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device. Communication between this system network element and at least one other network element is achieved through at least one communication interface 1904 (which can be wired or wireless), such as the Internet, wide area network, local area network, metropolitan area network, etc.

[0110] Bus 1903 can be an ISA bus, PCI bus, or EISA bus, etc. The bus can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, only a single bidirectional arrow is used in Figure 19, but this does not indicate that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0111] The memory 1901 is used to store programs. After receiving an execution instruction, the processor 1902 executes the program. The method executed by the apparatus defined by the process disclosed in any of the preceding embodiments of this application can be applied to the processor 1902 or implemented by the processor 1902.

[0112] The processor 1902 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In implementation, each step of the above method can be completed by the integrated logic circuitry in the hardware of the processor 1902 or by instructions in software form. The processor 1902 may be a general-purpose processor, including a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Network Processor (NP), etc.; it may also be a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components. It can implement or execute the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of this application. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the methods disclosed in the embodiments of this application can be directly manifested as execution by a hardware decoding processor, or execution by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software module can reside in a mature storage medium in the field, such as random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, or registers. This storage medium is located in memory 1901. Processor 1902 reads the information in memory 1901 and, in conjunction with its hardware, completes the steps of the above method.

[0113] Corresponding to the above-described animal behavior detection method based on electrical signals, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions. When the computer-executable instructions are invoked and executed by a processor, the computer-executable instructions cause the processor to perform the steps of the above-described animal behavior detection method based on electrical signals.

[0114] The animal behavior detection device based on electrical signals provided in this application embodiment can be specific hardware on a device or software or firmware installed on the device. The implementation principle and technical effects of the device provided in this application embodiment are the same as those in the foregoing method embodiments. For the sake of brevity, any parts not mentioned in the device embodiment can be referred to the corresponding content in the foregoing method embodiments. Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can all be referred to the corresponding processes in the above method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0115] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can be implemented in other ways. The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. Furthermore, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Additionally, the displayed or discussed mutual couplings, direct couplings, or communication connections may be through some communication interfaces; indirect couplings or communication connections between devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0116] For example, the flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of apparatus, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of this application. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the blocks may occur in a different order than those marked in the drawings. For example, two consecutive blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in a block diagram and / or flowchart, and combinations of blocks in block diagrams and / or flowcharts, can be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or action, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0117] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0118] In addition, the functional units in the embodiments provided in this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0119] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the animal behavior detection method based on electrical signals described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0120] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0121] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are merely specific implementations of this application, used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and not to limit them. The protection scope of this application is not limited thereto. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that any person skilled in the art can still modify or easily conceive of changes to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features, within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application; and these modifications, changes, or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application. All should be covered within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for detecting animal behavior based on electrical signals, characterized in that, The method is applied to a detection component, which includes a sensing rod, a hysteresis circuit, an amplification circuit, a sensing detection circuit, and an integrated CAN module data acquisition board. The sensing rod is disposed in and in contact with a container filled with liquid. The container is disposed on a box containing an animal. A conductive device that can contact the animal is disposed on the side of the box's interior near the container. In response to the change in the original balance state triggered by the sensing rod, the signal detected by the sensing rod is determined as the signal to be detected; Based on the signal to be detected, the common-mode signal is suppressed and the differential signal is amplified. When the differential signal is amplified to a first specified voltage value, the signal to be detected is filtered by the hysteresis circuit to maintain the current state and eliminate interference signals in the signal to be detected, thereby obtaining the target signal to be detected. The target signal to be detected is amplified by the amplification circuit and the hysteresis circuit, and when the target signal to be detected is amplified to a second specified voltage value, the target signal to be detected is converted into a TTL level signal within a specified voltage range; wherein, the second specified voltage value is greater than the first specified voltage value; The voltage and frequency characteristics of the TTL level signal and the feedback signal transmitted by the sensing rod are analyzed by the sensing detection circuit to obtain the signal analysis results. Based on the signal analysis results, it is detected whether the animal's drinking behavior causes signal changes. When the animal's drinking behavior is detected, causing a signal change, the sensing detection circuit converts the signal change information into a high-level output signal, and performs signal processing and data parsing on the high-level output signal to obtain the data parsing result. Based on the data analysis results, it is determined whether the signal to be detected in the current instance is caused by valid animal drinking behavior. If it is caused by valid animal drinking behavior, the number of times the animal drinks is accumulated and the drinking duration of the current animal drinking behavior is determined. Based on the number of times the animal drinks and the drinking duration, the detection result of the animal drinking behavior is obtained.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensing rod is disposed inside the container and placed in the water at any of the following positions: The container plug, the bottom of the container, and the side portion of the container.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensing rod contains a resistor. After the capacitors at both ends charge and filter the resistor, the sensing rod maintains the original balance between the circuit output and the feedback signal. In the original balance state, it is determined that the animal has not drunk water.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front end of the sensing rod is provided with an interference source shielding and detection circuit. The interference source shielding and detection circuit is used to identify and respond to signal leakage caused by external environmental interference sources. When the interference signal is detected, it is transmitted through the sensing rod to the differential balance circuit inside the sensing plate for processing and elimination of the common-mode interference of the interference signal.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The differential balance circuit, signal amplification, filtering, and processing functions are all integrated through the sensing circuit communication board in the detection component. The conductive device and the sensing rod are respectively connected to the IO port of the sensing circuit communication board so that when the animal drinks water and touches the conductive device, the animal's body intervenes to form a signal closed loop with the sensing rod. The communication board of the sensing circuit has a reserved TTL output signal, which is used to connect with external devices.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of amplifying the target signal to be detected using the amplification circuit includes: The target signal to be detected after interference cancellation is amplified by the amplification circuit to obtain the amplified target signal to be detected, and the amplified target signal to be detected is fed back to the sensing detection circuit to maintain the signal amplitude below a preset level.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of amplifying the target signal to be detected through the amplification circuit and the hysteresis circuit includes: The target signal to be detected is filtered and amplified by the amplification circuit and the hysteresis circuit.

8. An animal behavior detection device based on electrical signals, characterized in that, This is applied to a detection component, which includes a sensing rod, a hysteresis circuit, an amplification circuit, a sensing detection circuit, and an integrated CAN module data acquisition board. The sensing rod is disposed in and in contact with a container filled with liquid. The container is disposed on a box containing an animal. A conductive device, which can contact the animal, is disposed inside the box near the container and is connected to the sensing plate's GND. The device includes: The determination module is used to determine the signal detected by the sensor rod as the signal to be detected in response to the change in the original balance state triggered by the sensor rod. The processing module is used to suppress the common-mode signal and amplify the differential signal based on the signal to be detected. When the differential signal is amplified to a first specified voltage value, the hysteresis circuit is used to filter the signal to be detected to maintain the current state and eliminate interference signals in the signal to be detected, so as to obtain the target signal to be detected. The conversion module is used to amplify the target signal to be detected through the amplification circuit and the hysteresis circuit, and convert the target signal to be detected into a TTL level signal within a specified voltage range when the target signal to be detected is amplified to a second specified voltage value; wherein the second specified voltage value is greater than the first specified voltage value, and the maximum value in the specified voltage range is greater than the second specified voltage value; The detection module is used to analyze the voltage and frequency characteristics of the TTL level signal and the feedback signal transmitted by the sensing rod through the sensing detection circuit, obtain the signal analysis results, and detect whether the animal has drinking behavior that causes signal changes based on the signal analysis results; The parsing module is used to convert the signal change information into a high-level output signal through the sensing detection circuit when the animal's drinking behavior is detected, and to perform signal processing and data parsing on the high-level output signal to obtain the data parsing result; The calculation module is used to determine whether the signal to be detected in the current instance is caused by valid animal drinking behavior based on the data parsing results. If it is caused by valid animal drinking behavior, the module accumulates the number of times the animal drinks and determines the drinking duration of the current animal drinking behavior. Based on the number of drinking times and the drinking duration, the module obtains the detection result of the animal drinking behavior and uploads the detection result through the integrated CAN module data acquisition board.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions that, when invoked and executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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