Method for discharging an LCO 2 emitter storage tank into an LCO 2 storage tank on board a ship, and corresponding system and ship

Abstract

The invention relates to a method (300) for discharging an LCO2 emitter storage tank (4) into an LCO2 storage tank (6) on board a ship (100), wherein the method (300) comprises the steps of: discharging (302) liquid LCO2 (LB) from the LCO2 emitter storage tank (4) into the LCO2 storage tank (6) on board the ship (100), wherein during the discharging (302) a partial flow of liquid LCO2 (LB*) is diverted; evaporating (304) the diverted partial flow of liquid LCO2 (LB*), in particular by means of a heat exchanger (14), such that a partial flow of vaporous LCO2 (VB*) is produced; removing (306) vaporous LCO2 (VA) from the LCO2 storage tank (6) on board the ship (100); condensing (308) the removed vaporous LCO2 (VA) against the diverted partial flow of LCO2 (LB*) from the LCO2 emitter storage tank (4), in particular by means of the heat exchanger (14), such that a flow of liquid LCO2 (LA) is produced, wherein the evaporated diverted partial flow (VB*) is conducted back into the LCO2 emitter storage tank (4).

Description

[0001] Bremen, April 7, 2025

[0002] Our reference: TA 3024-02WO KGG / CHA / jga

[0003] Publisher / owner: TGE Marine Gas Engineering GmbH

[0004] Official file number: Subsequent registration

[0005] TGE Marine Gas Engineering GmbH, Mildred-Scheel-Straße 1, 53175 Bonn

[0006] Method for unloading an LCO2 emitter storage tank into an LCO2 storage tank on board a ship, as well as the system and ship concerned.

[0007] The invention relates to a method for unloading an LCO2 emitter storage tank into an LCO2 storage tank on board a ship, wherein the method comprises the step: unloading liquid LCO2 from the LCO2 emitter storage tank into the LCO2 storage tank on board the ship.

[0008] Such methods for unloading an LCO2 emitter storage tank into an LCO2 storage tank on board a ship are known in the art. They are used in the context of so-called CO2 capture and storage. According to such concepts, CO2 is liquefied at the source, e.g., industrial plants, and transported from there to emitter storage tanks, which could be located in appropriate terminals on land. Using appropriately equipped ships, i.e., ships that have at least one or more LCO2 storage tanks, the liquefied CO2 can be transported economically to an interim or final storage site.

[0009] A vessel specializing in LC02 transport typically calls at several LCO2 emitter storage tanks and transfers the LCO2 from each emitter storage tank to at least one LCO2 storage tank on board the vessel. The LCO2 in the LCO2-

[0010] The emitter storage tanks can originate from various production processes, e.g., from cement production or from other sources.

[0011] Combustion processes, where the specifications of LCO2 can differ significantly. When transporting LCO2 in the at least one LCO2 storage tank on board the ship, it must be ensured that the pressure inside the storage tank remains within defined pressure limits. To ensure this also during the unloading of the LCO2 emitter storage tank and thus the loading of the LCO2 storage tank on board the ship, the use of so-called vapor recirculation is known, in which vaporous LCO2, which forms in the LCO2 storage tank on board the ship during loading, is returned to shore. This vaporous LCO2 is required to keep the pressure in the LCO2 emitter storage tanks on shore constant during the loading of the LCO2 storage tank on board the ship.

[0012] However, a disadvantage of this approach is that the prior art of vapor recirculation would result in the mixing of the LCO2 contained in the LCO2 storage tank on board the ship with the LCO2 contained in the emitter's storage tank. In other words, LCO2 from different emitters could be mixed in their respective emitter storage tanks, a phenomenon also known as cross-contamination.

[0013] This is an undesirable condition, as unpredictable reactions and interactions between different components of the respective LCO2 compositions are possible. It was therefore the object of the present invention to at least partially overcome the disadvantages known from the prior art. In particular, a method for unloading an LCO2 emitter storage tank into an LCO2 storage tank on board a ship was to be provided, in which the mixing of different LCO2 specifications, the so-called cross-contamination, is effectively avoided.

[0014] The method solves the problem described above by diverting a partial stream of the liquefied LCO2 during unloading and by the following steps: evaporating the diverted partial stream of liquid LCO2, in particular by means of a heat exchanger, so that a partial stream of vaporous LCO2 is produced; extracting vaporous LCO2 from the LCO2 storage tank on board the ship; condensing the extracted vaporous LCO2 against the diverted partial stream of LCO2 from the LCO2 emitter storage tank, in particular by means of the heat exchanger, so that a stream of liquid LCO2 is produced; and returning the evaporated diverted partial stream to the LCO2 emitter storage tank.

[0015] The invention utilizes the knowledge that mixing of LCO2 from different emitters can be effectively avoided by vaporizing a portion of the charging current from the emitter to the ship, while vaporous LCO2 from the LCO2 storage tank on board the ship is condensed against the portion from the LCO2 emitter storage tank. The vaporized diverted portion is returned to the LCO2 emitter storage tank. In this way, it is prevented that LCO2 from the storage tank on board the ship can enter the LCO2 emitter storage tank. Furthermore, the method according to the invention makes it possible to control the pressure in the LCO2 emitter storage tank, which is preferably located on land, without the use of shore-based evaporators and heat for evaporation.The pressure in the LCO2 storage tanks on board the ship is controlled without the need for a high-performance recondensation system, which would require significant investment and energy to handle the displaced volume during this process. This approach is preferable because the overall costs of LCO2 disposal should be kept low, and the ships used for LCO2 transport should also be as simple and energy-efficient as possible.

[0016] The evaporation of the diverted partial stream of liquid LCO2 preferably occurs completely or at least partially. Similarly, the condensation of the extracted vaporous LCO2 against the diverted partial stream of LCO2 from the LCO2 emitter storage tank preferably occurs completely or at least partially.

[0017] According to one embodiment, the LCO2 emitter storage tank is located on land. According to another embodiment, the LCO2 emitter storage tank can also be located on a ship or a floating platform. Furthermore, it would be conceivable in principle for such an LCO2 emitter storage tank to be implemented as a mobile solution, e.g., in the form of a mobile trailer, or the like.

[0018] According to one embodiment, the flow of liquid LCO2 is directed into the LCO2 storage tank on board the ship. In other words, the condensed LCO2 is returned to the ship's cargo tank. This ensures that the internal pressure of the tank remains within the desired range.

[0019] According to one embodiment, the evaporation of the diverted partial stream of liquid LCO2 and the condensation of the extracted vaporous LCO2 against the diverted partial stream of LCO2 from the LCO2 emitter storage tank occur simultaneously. This means that both the evaporation and the condensation of the respective streams take place at the same time.

[0020] According to one embodiment, the diversion of the partial stream of liquid LCO2 and / or the evaporation of the diverted partial stream of liquid LCO2 and / or the condensation of the extracted vaporous LCO2 against the diverted partial stream of LCO2 from the LCO2 emitter storage tank are carried out on board the ship. By performing these process steps on board the ship, the technical complexity of the LCO2 emitter storage tank system can be reduced, as this system does not necessarily require shore-based evaporators for unloading the LCO2 emitter storage tank. Instead, the necessary functionalities can be consolidated on board the ship.

[0021] According to one embodiment, the onshore LCO2 emitter storage tank does not have an onshore evaporator that is provided solely for the purpose of discharge.

[0022] According to one embodiment, after unloading the LCO2 emitter storage tank located on land into the LCO2 storage tank on board the ship, the ship unloads at least one further LCO2 emitter storage tank into the LCO2 storage tank on board the ship. In other words, the ship is preferably used to unload several LCO2 emitter storage tanks sequentially, thus ensuring the avoidance of cross-contamination.

[0023] According to one embodiment, the evaporated diverted partial stream is compressed before being returned to the LCO2 emitter storage tank. This increases the vapor pressure and reduces the pressure of the liquid CO2 in an upstream heat exchanger and a downstream partial stream line. As a result, the evaporation pressure in the heat exchanger is also reduced. This leads to a lower condensate temperature, which prevents additional heating of the cargo in the LCO2 storage tank on board the ship. At the same time, the overall system becomes less dependent on the available pump pressure in the LCO2 emitter storage tank, as the pump no longer needs to compensate for the pressure loss in the shore-based return line.

[0024] In a further aspect, the invention relates to a system for unloading an LCO2 emitter storage tank into an LCO2 storage tank, comprising: a tank line that fluidly connects the LCO2 emitter storage tank to the ship's LCO2 storage tank, wherein the tank line is configured to transfer LCO2 from the LCO2 emitter storage tank to the LCO2 storage tank; a partial flow circuit with a partial flow line fluidly connected to the tank line, which branches off a partial flow of LCO2 from the tank line; a heat exchanger fluidly connected to the partial flow line; and a partial flow line that fluidly connects the heat exchanger to the LCO2 emitter storage tank; and a circuit line that connects the ship's LCO2 storage tank to the ship's heat exchanger, so that vaporous LCO2 is supplied to the heat exchanger, wherein the heat exchanger is configured toto condense the vaporous LCO2 extracted via the recirculation line against the diverted partial flow of LCO2 from the LCO2 emitter storage tank.

[0025] The system utilizes the same advantages and preferred embodiments as the method according to the invention, and vice versa. To avoid repetition, reference is made to the above statements, and their content is incorporated herein.

[0026] In summary, the system according to the invention ensures that no LCO2 is transferred from the ship's LCO2 storage tank to the emitter's LCO2 storage tank. Cross-contamination of LCO2 from different emitters and potentially from different production processes is thus avoided.

[0027] According to one embodiment, the recirculation line is part of the gas circuit which connects the LCO2 storage tank on board the ship to the heat exchanger, wherein the gas circuit further comprises a recirculation line which connects the heat exchanger to the storage tank.

[0028] Preferably, a compressor is arranged between the storage tank and the heat exchanger to increase the pressure of the extracted LCO2 vapor before it enters the heat exchanger. According to one embodiment, the heat exchanger, the partial flow line, and the gas circuit are located on board the ship. In another embodiment, the LCO2 emitter storage tank is part of a land-based system. Alternatively, the LCO2 emitter storage tank could also be part of a mobile solution on land, for example, a trailer or another vessel from which LCO2 is to be unloaded. Preferably, a compressor is arranged between the LCO2 emitter storage tank and the heat exchanger. The compressor increases the pressure of the vapor after the heat exchanger in the partial flow line, which connects the heat exchanger to the LCO2 emitter storage tank.This reduces the pressure of the liquid CO2 in the heat exchanger and the upstream partial flow line. This, in turn, reduces the evaporation pressure within the heat exchanger itself. This results in a lower condensate temperature, preventing additional heating of the cargo in the LCO2 storage tank on board the ship. Simultaneously, this makes the overall system less dependent on the available pressure of a pump in the LCO2 emitter storage tank, as the pump would no longer need to compensate for the pressure loss in the corresponding partial flow line that connects the heat exchanger to the LCO2 emitter storage tank.

[0029] In another aspect, the invention relates to a ship for unloading an LCO2 emitter storage tank, comprising an LCO2 storage tank, a tank line configured to fluidly connect an LCO2 emitter storage tank to the ship's LCO2 storage tank, the tank line being configured to transfer LCO2 from the LCO2 emitter storage tank to the LCO2 storage tank, a partial flow line fluidly connected to the tank line, which diverts a partial flow of LCO2 from the tank line, a heat exchanger fluidly connected to the partial flow line, a partial flow line configured to fluidly connect the heat exchanger to a shore-side return line, and a recirculation line connecting the ship's LCO2 storage tank to the heat exchanger so that vaporous LCO2 is supplied to the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger being configured toto condense the vaporous LCO2 extracted via the recirculation line against the diverted partial flow of LCO2 from the LCO2 emitter storage tank.

[0030] The ship also benefits from the same advantages and preferred embodiments as the inventive method and system, and vice versa. To avoid repetition, reference is made to the preceding explanations, and their content is incorporated herein. Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the appended claims and the following description, in which exemplary embodiments are explained in detail with reference to schematic drawings.

[0031] Specifically, we show:

[0032] Fig. 1: an embodiment of a system according to the invention for

[0033] Unloading an LCO2 emitter storage tank into an LCO2 storage tank on board a ship in a schematic representation;

[0034] Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of a method according to the invention for unloading an LCO2 emitter storage tank in a representation as a block diagram.

[0035] Figure 1 shows a system 2 for discharging an LCO2 emitter storage tank 4 into an LCO2 storage tank 6. The LCO2 emitter storage tank 4 is part of a land-based facility 200. In addition to the LCO2 emitter storage tank 4, the land-based facility 200 has a land-based facility discharge line 26, which is fluid-conducting and connected to the LCO2 emitter storage tank 4. A land-based facility return line 24 is also connected to the LCO2 emitter storage tank 4, which serves to return a partial flow of liquid LCO2 LB*.

[0036] System 2 further comprises a ship 100. The ship 100 has a tank line 8 that can be fluid-conducted to the shore-based discharge line 26. The LCO2 emitter storage tank 4 is fluid-conducted to the LCO2 storage tank 6 of the ship 100 via lines 8 and 26. Although the figures show only one exemplary LCO2 emitter storage tank 4 and one LCO2 storage tank 6 on board the ship 100, several of the respective tanks 4 and 6 may be present. LCO2 LB can be transferred from the LCO2 emitter storage tank 4 to the LCO2 storage tank 6 via lines 8 and 26. System 2 further comprises a partial flow circuit 20, with a partial flow line 10a fluidly connected to the tank line 8, which branches off a partial flow of LCO2 LB* from the tank line 8.The partial circuit 20 further comprises a heat exchanger 14 fluidly connected to the partial circuit line 10a and a partial circuit line 10b which fluidly connects the heat exchanger 14 to the LCO2 emitter storage tank 4 via the shore power system return line 24. The partial circuit line 10b is part of the ship 100 and the shore power system return line 24 is part of the shore power system 200. System 2 also comprises a circuit line 16 which connects the LCO2 storage tank 6 of the ship 100 to the heat exchanger 14, so that vaporous LCO2 VA can be supplied to the heat exchanger 14. The heat exchanger 14 is configured to condense vaporous LCO2 VA extracted via the circuit line 16a against the diverted partial flow of LCO2 LB* from the LCO2 emitter storage tank 4. The circuit line 16a is part of a gas circuit 22. The gas circuit 22 connects the LCO2 storage tank 6 on board the ship 100 to the heat exchanger 14.The gas circuit 22 also includes a circuit line 16c. The circuit line 16c connects the heat exchanger 14 to the storage tank 6. A compressor 18 is arranged between the storage tank 6 and the heat exchanger 14. The heat exchanger 14, the partial flow lines 10a and 10b, and the gas circuit 22 are located on board the ship 100. The LCO2 emitter storage tank 4 is part of a shore-based system 200. Alternatively, the LCO2 emitter storage tank 4 can also be part of another ship or a mobile facility on land, e.g., a gas trailer (not shown).

[0037] A compressor 25 is located in the section of the partial flow line 24, which connects the heat exchanger 14 to the LCO2 emitter storage tank 4. The compressor 25 increases the pressure of the vapor in line 24 after the heat exchanger 14. This reduces the pressure of the liquid CO2 in the heat exchanger 14 and the upstream partial flow line 10a. Consequently, the evaporation pressure in the heat exchanger 14 is also reduced. This results in a lower condensate temperature, which prevents additional heating of the charge in the LCO2 storage tank 6. At the same time, the overall system becomes less dependent on the available pressure of any pumps in the LCO2 emitter storage tank 4, as these pumps (not shown) do not have to compensate for the pressure loss in the return line 24.

[0038] System 2 effectively prevents LCO2 VA, which originates, for example, from emitter A, from being transferred to the LCO2 emitter storage tank 4, which is filled, for example, with LCO2 LB from emitter B, thus avoiding cross-contamination. At the same time, vaporous LCO2 VB*, generated from a partial LCO2 stream LB* from emitter B, is supplied to the LCO2 emitter storage tank 4 for pressure support.

[0039] Figure 2 shows, with reference to Figure 1, a method 300 according to the invention for unloading the LCO2 emitter storage tank 4 into the LCO2 storage tank 6 on board the ship 100.Method 300 comprises the following steps: 302 unloading liquid LCO2 LB from the LCO2 emitter storage tank 4 into the LCO2 storage tank 6 on board the ship 100, wherein during unloading 302 a partial stream of liquid LCO2 LB* is diverted, 304 evaporating the diverted partial stream of liquid LCO2 LB*, in particular by means of the heat exchanger 14, so that a partial stream of vaporous LCO2 VB* is produced, 306 extracting vaporous LCO2 VA from the LCO2 storage tank 6 on board the ship 100, 308 condensing the extracted vaporous LCO2 VA against the diverted partial stream of LCO2 LB* from the LCO2 emitter storage tank 4, in particular by means of the heat exchanger 14, so that a stream of liquid LCO2 LA is produced, wherein the evaporated The diverted partial stream VB* is routed back to the LCO2 emitter storage tank 4. The stream of liquid LCO2 LA is routed to the LCO2 storage tank 6 on board the ship 100.

[0040] Reference sign

[0041] 2 LCO2 discharge system

[0042] 4 LCO2 emitter storage tanks

[0043] 6 LCO2 storage tanks on board the ship

[0044] 8 Tank line

[0045] 10a, b Partial power line

[0046] 14 heat exchangers

[0047] 16a-c circuit

[0048] 18 Compressor

[0049] 20 partial circuit

[0050] 22 Gas cycle

[0051] 24 Land-based recirculation line

[0052] 25 Compressor

[0053] 26 Land-based facility discharge line

[0054] 100 LCO2 storage ships

[0055] 200 land facility

[0056] 300 methods for unloading an LCO2 emitter storage tank

[0057] 302 Unloading liquid LCO2 from the LCO2 emitter storage tank

[0058] 304 Evaporation of the diverted partial stream of liquid LCO2

[0059] 306 Extraction of vaporous LCO2 from the LCO2 storage tank on board the

[0060] ship

[0061] 308 Condensation of the extracted vaporous LCO2 against the diverted

[0062] Partial stream of LCO2 from the LCO2 emitter storage tank

[0063] LB liquid LCO2 B

[0064] LB* Partial stream of liquid LCO2 B

[0065] LA liquid LCO2 A

[0066] VA vaporous LCO2 A

[0067] VB* vaporous LCO2 B

Claims

Claims 1. Method (300) for unloading an LCO2 emitter storage tank (4) into an LCO2 storage tank (6) on board a ship (100), wherein the method (300) comprises the steps: Unloading (302) of liquid LCO2 (LB) from the LCO2 emitter storage tank (4) into the LCO2 storage tank (6) on board the ship (100), whereby a partial stream of liquid LCO2 (LB*) is diverted during unloading (302), Evaporation (304) of the diverted partial stream of liquid LCO2 (LB*), in particular by means of a heat exchanger (14), so that a partial stream of vaporous LCO2 (VB*) is produced, Extraction (306) of vaporous LCO2 (VA) from the LCO2 storage tank (6) on board the ship (100), Condensation (308) of the extracted vaporous LCO2 (VA) against the diverted partial stream of LCO2 (LB*) from the LCO2 emitter storage tank (4), in particular by means of the heat exchanger (14), so that a stream of liquid LCO2 (LA) is produced, wherein the evaporated diverted partial stream (VB*) is returned to the LCO2 emitter storage tank (4).

2. Method (300) according to claim 1, wherein the LCO2 emitter storage tank (4) is arranged on land or on another ship.

3. Method (300) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the stream of liquid LCO2 (LA) is fed into the LCO2 storage tank (6) on board the ship (100).

4. Method (300) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the evaporation (304) of the diverted partial stream of liquid LCO2 (LB*) and the condensation (308) of the extracted vaporous LCO2 (VA) against the diverted partial stream of LCO2 (LB*) from the LCO2 emitter storage tank (4) are carried out simultaneously.

5. Method (300) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the branching off of the partial stream of liquid LCO2 (LB*) and / or the evaporation (304) of the branched partial stream of liquid LCO2 (LB*) and / or the condensation (308) of the extracted vaporous LCO2 (VA) against the diverted partial stream of LCO2 (LB*) from the LCO2 emitter storage tank (4) on board the ship (100).

6. Method (300) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the onshore LCO2 emitter storage tank (4) does not have an onshore evaporator.

7. Method (300) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the ship (100) after unloading the LCO2 emitter storage tank (4) into the LCO2 storage tank (6) on board the ship (100) unloads at least one further LCO2 emitter storage tank into the LCO2 storage tank (6) on board the ship (100).

8. Method (300) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the evaporated diverted partial stream (VB*) is compressed before being returned to the LCO2 emitter storage tank (4).

9. System (2) for unloading an LCO2 emitter storage tank (4) into an LCO2 storage tank (6) comprising: a tank line (8, 26) that fluidly connects the LCO2 emitter storage tank (4) to the LCO2 storage tank (6) of the ship (100), wherein the tank line (8, 26) is configured to transfer LCO2 (LB) from the LCO2 emitter storage tank (4) to the LCO2 storage tank (6), a partial flow circuit (20) with a partial flow line (10a) fluidly connected to the tank line (8), which branches off a partial flow of LCO2 (LB*) from the tank line (8), a heat exchanger (14) fluidly connected to the partial flow line (10a), and a partial flow line (10b, 24) which connects the heat exchanger (14) to the LCO2 emitter storage tank (4) is fluidly connected to a circulating line (16a) which connects the LCO2 storage tank (6) of the ship (100) to the heat exchanger (14), so that vaporous LCO2 (VA) is supplied to the heat exchanger (14),wherein the heat exchanger (14) is configured to condense vaporous LCO2 (VA) extracted via the circulation line (16a) against the diverted partial flow of LCO2 (LB*) from the LCO2 emitter storage tank (4).

10. System (2) according to claim 9, wherein the circulating line (16a) is part of a gas circuit (22) which connects the LCO2 storage tank (6) on board the ship (100) to the heat exchanger (14), wherein the gas circuit (22) further comprises a circulating line (16c) which connects the heat exchanger (14) to the storage tank (6).

11. System (2) according to one of claims 9 or 10, wherein a compressor (18) is arranged between the storage tank (6) and the heat exchanger (14).

12. System (2) according to one of claims 9 to 11, wherein a compressor (25) is arranged between the LCO2 emitter storage tank (4) and the heat exchanger (14).

13. System (2) according to one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the heat exchanger (14) and / or the partial flow line (10a, 10b) and / or the gas circuit (22) are arranged on board the ship (100).

14. System (2) according to any one of claims 9 to 13, wherein the LCO2 emitter storage tank (4) is part of a land facility (200) or another ship.

15. Ship (100) for unloading an LCO2 emitter storage tank (4), comprising: an LCO2 storage tank (6), a tank line (8) configured to fluidly connect an LCO2 emitter storage tank (4) to the LCO2 storage tank (6) of the ship (100), wherein the tank line (8) is configured to transfer LCO2 (LB) from the LCO2 emitter storage tank (4) to the LCO2 storage tank (6); a partial flow line (10a) fluidly connected to the tank line (8), which branches off a partial flow of LCO2 (LB*) from the tank line (8), a heat exchanger (14) fluidly connected to the partial flow line (10a) and a partial flow line (10b) which is configured to fluidly connect the heat exchanger (14) to a shore system return line (24), a recirculation line (16a) which connects the LCO2 storage tank (6) of the ship (100) to the heat exchanger (14) so ​​that vaporous LCO2 (VA) is supplied to the heat exchanger (14), wherein the heat exchanger (14) is configured to condense vaporous LCO2 (VA) extracted via the circulating line (16a) against the diverted partial flow of LCO2 (LB*) from the LCO2 emitter storage tank (4).

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