Procedure enhancement in ambient internet of things
The enhancements in AIoT systems address inefficiencies in inventory and command services, Q-selection, and data transmission by introducing dynamic adjustments and coordinated operations, resulting in improved network efficiency and reduced collisions.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZTE CORP
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-08
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-15
AI Technical Summary
Existing wireless communication technologies in ambient Internet of Things (AIoT) systems face inefficiencies in inventory and command services, Q-selection schemes, device-to-reader (D2R) and reader-to-device (R2D) transmission segments, and lack of coordination among multiple readers, leading to suboptimal network performance.
Enhancements include introducing indications for subsequent service data in paging messages, improved Q-selection algorithms using dynamic Q-value adjustments, efficient data segmentation and recombination mechanisms, and coordinated operations between user equipment and network devices to optimize AIoT network efficiency.
These enhancements improve AIoT network efficiency by reducing waiting times, minimizing collisions, and optimizing data transmission, thereby enhancing overall system performance and resource utilization.
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Figure CN2024130848_15052026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
PROCEDURE ENHANCEMENT IN AMBIENT INTERNET OF THINGSTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] This patent document is directed generally to wireless communications.BACKGROUND
[0002] Mobile telecommunication technologies are moving the world toward an increasingly connected and networked society. In comparison with the existing wireless networks, next-generation systems and wireless communication techniques will need to support a much wider range of use-case characteristics and provide a more complex and sophisticated range of access requirements and flexibilities.
[0003] Long-Term Evolution (LTE) is a standard for wireless communication for mobile devices and data terminals developed by 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) . LTE Advanced (LTE-A) is a wireless communication standard that enhances the LTE standard. The 5th generation of wireless system, known as 5G, advances the LTE and LTE-A wireless standards and is committed to supporting higher data rates, large number of connections, ultra-low latency, high reliability, and other emerging business needs.SUMMARY
[0004] This patent document discloses enhancements for procedures in ambient internet of things (AIoT) . The disclosed methods enhance inventory and command services, Q-selection schemes in paging, acknowledgement (ACK) / negative acknowledgement (NACK) for device-to-reader (D2R) and reader-to-device (R2D) transmission segments, user equipment (UE) reader performing AIoT operations over an AIoT air interface and a Uu interface, and multiple-reader coordination. The disclosed methods, among other benefits, improve AIoT network efficiency.
[0005] A first example wireless communication method includes receiving, by a wireless device, an indication for a subsequent service data in an ambient internet of things (AIoT) network. The method further includes receiving, by the wireless device, a data based on the indication for the subsequent service data.
[0006] A second example wireless communication method includes receiving, by a wireless device, a downlink (DL) message including a signaled initial Q value in an ambient internet of things (AIoT) network, where a real initial Q value is a function of the signaled initial Q value. The method further includes determining, by the wireless device and based on the real initial Q value, a Q value for an AIoT operation.
[0007] A third example wireless communication method includes transmitting, by a wireless device, a signaling including an assistance information, where the assistance information assists with a data segmentation or recombination.
[0008] A fourth example wireless communication method includes performing, by a wireless device in a connected mode over a Uu interface, an ambient internet of things (AIoT) service over an AIoT air interface. The method further includes transmitting, by the wireless device and based on the AIoT service, an AIoT service response over the Uu interface.
[0009] A fifth example wireless communication method includes receiving, by a wireless device and over a Uu interface, a dedicated message including a time point when the wireless device in an idle or inactive state can start an ambient internet of things (AIoT) service over an AIoT air interface. The method further includes performing, by the wireless device and at the time point, the AIoT service.
[0010] A sixth example wireless communication method includes receiving, by a wireless device, an uplink (UL) message including an identifier (ID) of a user equipment (UE) reader in an ambient internet of things (AIoT) network, where the UE reader has transmitted a previous downlink (DL) message. The method further includes determining, by the wireless device, whether its ID matches the ID of the UE reader.
[0011] A seventh example wireless communication method includes transmitting, by a network device, an indication for a subsequent service data in an ambient internet of things (AIoT) network. The method further includes transmitting, by the network device, a data based on the indication for the subsequent service data.
[0012] An eighth example wireless communication method includes transmitting, by a network device, a downlink (DL) message including a signaled initial Q value in an ambient internet of things (AIoT) network, where a real initial Q value is a function of the signaled initial Q value, and where a Q value of a wireless device for an AIoT operation is determined based on the real initial Q value.
[0013] A ninth example wireless communication method includes receiving, by a network device, a signaling including an assistance information, where the assistance information assists with a data segmentation or recombination.
[0014] A tenth example wireless communication method includes receiving, by a network device and over a Uu interface, an ambient internet of things (AIoT) service response, where the AIoT service response is based on an AIoT service performed by a wireless device over an AIoT air interface.
[0015] An eleventh example wireless communication method includes transmitting, by a network device and over a Uu interface, a dedicated message including a time point when a wireless device in an idle or inactive state can start an ambient internet of things (AIoT) service over an AIoT air interface.
[0016] A twelfth example wireless communication method includes receiving, by a network device, an uplink (UL) message including an identifier (ID) of a user equipment (UE) reader in an ambient internet of things (AIoT) network, where the UE reader has transmitted a previous downlink (DL) message.
[0017] Note that where the patent document discloses a method of transmitting an information by a first device to a second device, it will be understood that a method of receiving the information by the second device from the first device is also disclosed. Similarly, where a method of receiving a message by a first device from a second device is disclosed, it will be understood that the message is transmitted by the second device to the first device.
[0018] In yet another example embodiment, a device that is configured or operable to perform the above-described methods is disclosed. The device includes at least one processor configured to cause the device to implement the above-described methods.
[0019] In yet another example embodiment, the above-described methods are embodied in the form of processor-executable code and stored in a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The code included in the computer-readable storage medium, when executed by at least one processor, causes the at least one processor to cause a device to implement the methods described in this patent document.
[0020] The above methods, device, and code, their implementations, and other aspects are described in greater detail in the drawings, the descriptions, and the claims.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] FIG. 1 illustrates an example ambient internet of things (AIoT) system.
[0022] FIG. 2 illustrates an example inventory service procedure.
[0023] FIG. 3 illustrates an example command service procedure.
[0024] FIG. 4 illustrates an example inventory and command services procedure.
[0025] FIG. 5 illustrates an example enhanced inventory and command services procedure.
[0026] FIG. 6 illustrates example data segmentation and transmission.
[0027] FIG. 7 is an example flowchart for receiving subsequent service data.
[0028] FIG. 8 is an example flowchart for determining a Q value.
[0029] FIG. 9 is an example flowchart for transmitting assistance information.
[0030] FIG. 10 is an example flowchart for transmitting an AIoT service response.
[0031] FIG. 11 is an example flowchart for performing an AIoT service.
[0032] FIG. 12 is an example flowchart for receiving a user equipment (UE) reader identifier (ID) .
[0033] FIG. 13 is an example flowchart for transmitting subsequent service data.
[0034] FIG. 14 is an example flowchart for transmitting a signaled initial Q value.
[0035] FIG. 15 is an example flowchart for receiving assistance information.
[0036] FIG. 16 is an example flowchart for receiving an AIoT service response.
[0037] FIG. 17 is an example flowchart for transmitting a dedicated message.
[0038] FIG. 18 is an example flowchart for receiving an uplink (UL) message.
[0039] FIG. 19 illustrates an example block diagram of a hardware platform that may be a part of a network device or a wireless device.
[0040] FIG. 20 illustrates example wireless communication including a Base Station (BS) and User Equipment (UE) based on some implementations of the disclosed technology.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0041] The example headings for the various sections below are used to facilitate the understanding of the disclosed subject matter and do not limit the scope of the claimed subject matter in any way. Accordingly, one or more features of one example section can be combined with one or more features of another example section. Furthermore, 5G terminology is used for the sake of clarity of explanation, but the techniques disclosed in the present document are not limited to 5G technology only and may be used in wireless systems that implemented other protocols.
[0042] I. Introduction
[0043] The present patent document discloses methods that enhance inventory and command services, Q-selection schemes in paging, acknowledgement (ACK) / negative acknowledgement (NACK) for device-to-reader (D2R) and reader-to-device (R2D) transmission segments, user equipment (UE) reader performing AIoT operations over an AIoT air interface and a Uu interface, and multiple-reader coordination. The disclosed methods, among other benefits, improve AIoT network efficiency.
[0044] This patent document discloses enhancements for procedures in Ambient Internet of Things (AIoT) .
[0045] Recently, the study for necessary and feasible solutions to Ambient IoT is being performed in 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) radio access network (RAN) RAN1 / RAN2 / RAN3 / Service and System Aspects (SA) SA2 / SA3, including decisions on which functions, procedures, etc. are needed and not needed, and ensuring at least the required functionalities in Section 6.2 of TR 38.848. The study mainly focuses on the following Deployment Scenarios and the Topologies with the corresponding characteristics, referenced to the tables in Clause 4.2.2 of TR 38.848:
[0046] Deployment scenario 1 with Topology 1:
[0047] - Base station (BS) and coexistence characteristics: Micro-cell, co-site.
[0048] Deployment scenario 2 with Topology 2 and user equipment (UE) as intermediate node, under network control:
[0049] - Base station and coexistence characteristics: Macro-cell, co-site
[0050] - The location of intermediate node is indoors
[0051] FIG. 1 shows characteristics for Topology 2 that is cited from TR 38.848.
[0052] Topology 2: BS intermediate node Ambient IoT device.
[0053] In Topology 2, the Ambient IoT device communicates bidirectionally with an intermediate node between the device and base station. In this topology, the intermediate node can be a relay, Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) node, UE, repeater, etc., which is capable of Ambient IoT. The intermediate node transfers Ambient IoT data and / or signaling between BS and the Ambient IoT device.
[0054] II. Embodiment 1
[0055] Embodiment 1 describes inventory + command services from core network (CN) / Application Function (AF) .
[0056] The main service types supported by AIoT system include inventory only, command only, and inventory + command services.
[0057] Generally, upon receiving the service request from CN / AF (Core Network / Application Function) , the reader will transmit an initial trigger message (also called as paging message) in the AIoT air interface to trigger the targeted devices to give response.
[0058] FIG. 2 is an example for the procedure in AIoT air interface for inventory only service.
[0059] FIG. 3 is an example for the procedure in AIoT air interface for command only service.
[0060] FIG. 4 is an example for the procedure in AIoT air interface for inventory + command services.
[0061] It can be seen that for inventory + command services:
[0062] - The point where it differs from inventory only service in terms of AIoT air interface procedure is that: for paging triggered by inventory only, the device doesn’ t need to receive further data, so it might be able to stop monitoring for a while or even release the Random identifier (ID) during the current paging round after successfully completing Msg3 transmission. However, for inventory + command service, after a device completes Msg3 transmission, it still needs to wait to receive downlink (DL) command data. Therefore, in order that the device can know that it needs to wait for command data, an indication can be introduced to indicate “having subsequent service data” in the paging message (if the reader can know that the command service is for all the devices in the device list) or in subsequent DL message after the Msg3. It’s easy to see that such indication can also be applied to command only service case to facilitate the devices to wait for a while for receiving the subsequent service data.
[0063] - The point where it differs from command only service in terms of AIoT air interface procedure is that: for command only service request, generally the reader receives the command data first before triggering paging. Therefore, after the device completes MSG3 transmission, it can assume that the DL data can be sent to it soon. However, for inventory + command service, it can be assumed that the core network may need to first obtain the inventory results before sending command data to the device. Thus, when the reader triggers paging, it has only received the inventory request, e.g., without command data. So after the reader receives the inventory response, it needs to firstly send the inventory response to the CN and then can get the DL command data. It is easy to see that the duration the device may need to wait for command data might be different in these two cases (e.g., longer for the inventory + command service request case) . Therefore, in order that the device can distinguish these two cases, another indication can be introduced to indicate “having subsequent service data after a certain time period” , along with a time length for the waiting time in the paging message (if the reader can know that there will be command data for all the devices in the device list via the service request from CN / AF) or in subsequent DL message after the Msg3.
[0064] In summary, for the paging triggered by command only service request or inventory +command service request from CN / AF, in order that the device can know that it needs to wait for command service data after successfully completing Msg3 transmission, it’s suggested to introduce indication about having subsequent data in the paging message or in the subsequent DL message after the Msg3. For inventory + command service case, the device may need to wait more time. In order to let device know of this, another indication about having subsequent data after a certain time period or additional indication about expected waiting time can be introduced in the paging message or in the subsequent DL message after the Msg3.
[0065] FIG. 5 shows such enhancements.
[0066] - In order that the reader can know that there will be command data for all the devices in the device list via the service request from CN / AF, an indication about having subsequent data after a certain time period, possibly along with an expected waiting time, can be introduced in the message sent from CN / AF to the reader.
[0067] III. Embodiment 2
[0068] Embodiment 2 describes enhancements for Q-selection scheme in paging.
[0069] In Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) , Q-selection algorithm is generally used for anti-collision along with slotted aloha scheme which can distribute the devices among time domain resources. This solution is also suitable for systems where strict time synchronization cannot be achieved. In such systems, the network has control on the time point when the devices can initiate access, rather than relying entirely on the devices’a utonomous determination.
[0070] Shortly to say, in AIoT system, as the device has no strict time synchronization, the device cannot maintain a reliable timer which is reliable to at the slot lengths for AIoT air interface. So within slotted aloha scheme, after a device determines that it needs to perform random access and also (randomly) selects an access resource, the device still cannot know the exact slot-level start point for starting the access. Moreover, due to the lack of strict time synchronization, different devices may have different perceptions of slot boundaries and / or slot lengths, which can easily lead to partial or complete conflicts in the starting positions chosen by different devices. Therefore, relying solely on the device's autonomous choice on the time occasion for accessing is not feasible and the network trigger is needed.
[0071] The main steps of a Q-algorithm can be as below:
[0072] 1) For an AIoT operation targeting a certain scale of devices, the reader can firstly send a paging message which generally provides device ID list and / or the radio resources (which can be represented by multiple access occasions in time domain) for random access / device to reader (D2R) transmission, and then send multiple DL trigger messages afterwards. Moreover, an initial Q value can be broadcast in the paging message to all the devices, which can be marked as Init_Q. This Init_Q can be matched with the total number of access occasions in time domain, e.g., Init_Q equals to the total number of access occasions. In the case that Init_Q equals to the total number of access occasions, the total number of access occasions can be token as an implicit Init_Q. On the other hand, the explicit Init_Q value can also be used to indicate the total number of access occasions.
[0073] 2) For a certain device, it generates a random number between [0, (Init_Q-1) ] as its response time slot and loads this random slot number into a slot counter in its side, which can be marked as Qd. This Qd will be further reduced when receiving kind of trigger till it equals to 0.
[0074] 3) The device with the Qd equal to 0 can trigger random access. So the Qd can be seen as a length of delay before the device can be allowed to really trigger random access. It may be possible that several devices have the Qd equal to 0 at a certain moment, then all of them can trigger random access at the same time. This collision can be further addressed by other contention resolution methods, e.g., during the random access procedure.
[0075] 4) The reader can send another DL message to trigger the devices to decrease the slot counter. Each time a device receives this DL message, its slot counter is generally reduced by 1. By this way, for each time, zero, one or multiple devices can reduce their slot counters to 0 and have opportunity to access the reader.
[0076] 5) Furthermore, if the reader detects some collision in which multiple devices are responding at the same time, it can broadcast a new Init_Q value, which can be marked as Init_Qnew. Upon receiving this Init_Q-new, all devices will regenerate the random slot number for the slot counter, which can be marked as Qd-new. Generally in this case, a larger new Q value can be considered so that the device can re-generate Qd-new in a larger value range. On the contrary, it’s also possible that at some point the reader doesn’ t detect any response from devices. That means some time slots / time domain resources are unnecessary idle, the reader can also provide an Init_Qnew, e.g., with a smaller value, to trigger the devices to regenerate a Qd-new for slot counter that are more tightly distributed.
[0077] In such Q-algorithm, the device does not need to be aware of the exact time position but only needs to decrease a counter according to the triggers from the reader. When the counter is reduced to zero, no matter what the current time it is, the device can trigger access. This way is very suitable for AIoT devices that cannot have strict time synchronization with the reader.
[0078] There may be thoughts that the device can reduce the slot counter by itself, e.g., no need for DL trigger from the reader. As it’s unclear how long a device will wait before each time reducing the slot counter by itself, a possible case is that even if the generated Qd by different devices are different at first, after reducing the Qd with different waiting time for several times, the resulting Qd might become the same, leading to conflicts between these two devices.
[0079] Furthermore, as the device cannot know the current conflict situation, it cannot decide based on the conflict situation whether to wait for a shorter or longer time length. As a result, the effectiveness of conflict avoidance is difficult to predict. On the contrary, as described in the above steps of Q-algorithm, the reader can determine when to trigger a reduction on slot counters and whether to adjust the Q value based on various conflict situations in the system.
[0080] In order to increase the scheduling flexibility and also efficiency of Q-algorithm, the following enhancements for the DL trigger message can be considered:
[0081] 1) In order to reduce the signaling overhead for delivering the Init_Q, instead of directly providing the real Init_Q (R_Init_Q) , it’s possible to design R_Init_Q as a function of the signaled initial Q value (e.g., signaled Init_Q, S_Init_Q) in the DL message (s) , that is, R_Init_Q = f (S_Init_Q) . There is an intention to achieve a larger R_Init_Q value with a smaller S_Init_Q value. The alternatives shown in Table 1 can be considered with trade-off among signaling overhead, the maximum value that Init_Q can represent and the granularity of Init_Q changes:
[0082] Table 1: Q value determination
[0083] It can be seen that by using linear function, it can achieve a real Init_Q with uniform granularity. And the maximum value is directly related to the coefficient. The larger the coefficient, the greater the maximum value of the R_Init_Q, and the coarser the granularity.
[0084] By using an exponential function, it can achieve a quite large R_Init_Q value by using a relatively small S_Init_Q. Furthermore, it can be seen that, when S_Init_Q is small, R_Init_Q has a finer granularity, but when S_Init_Q is large, the granularity of R_Init_Q becomes very coarse.
[0085] The Power Function seems can achieve a bit better trade-off between the maximum value and the granularity of R_Init_Q.
[0086] It’s also possible to use combination of different functions. For example, a piecewise function can be considered. When the value of S_Init_Q is small, an exponential function or linear function can be used to obtain R_Init_Q, meanwhile, when the value of S_Init_Q is large, a linear function or power function can be used to obtain R_Init_Q.
[0087] 2) With the achieved R_Init_Q, the device will (re) generate a random number Qd between [0, (R_Init_Q -1) ] as the value of its slot counter. A possible scenario is that a device may randomly generate a very large Qd. And before its Qd is reduced to 0, the reader might reconfigure the R_Init_Q, causing the device to need to regenerate Qd. This could result in the device not having an opportunity to initiate the access for a long period of time. Therefore, an indication can be introduced in the DL trigger message to indicate that, the devices that have not initiated access for a long time can directly reset Qd to 0 and initiate an access. This indication can be referred to as “Qd reset indication” or “immediate access indication” .
[0088] - Some conditions can also be provided along with this “Qd reset indication” , e.g., after receiving the trigger n times and still not initiating access.
[0089] 3) In the DL trigger message, the reader can further configure a step value, e.g., ΔQd. Upon receiving this step value, the device can subtract ΔQd or i *ΔQd from the Qd value each time, instead of always subtracting 1. The coefficient i can be pre-defined or configured along with ΔQd. It should be noted that when the step value is greater than 1, the rate of adjustment of Qd increases, potentially allowing the device to access the network more quickly. However, this may also lead to increased conflicts among devices.
[0090] 4) If the reader reconfigures the R_Init_Q in the DL trigger message, the reader can also indicate that only part of the devices need to regenerate its Qd.
[0091] - For example, the reader can configure an “m” value, and only those devices that have received more than “m” DL trigger messages and still have not had an opportunity to access the network need to regenerate the Qd value.
[0092] - In another example, the reader can configure a “p” value, and only those devices with Qd value greater than “p” need to regenerate the Qd value, or vice versa, only those devices with Qd value less than “p” need to regenerate the Qd value.
[0093] 5) The reader can additionally provide the device ID list (which is used to indicate the target devices that are required to access the network) in the DL trigger messages. If some devices previously have not received the initial paging message due to some reasons, e.g., low power storage or not yet moving into the current network, these devices can determine whether they need to perform the access by matching the device ID list in the DL trigger messages.
[0094] 6) As mentioned in above procedure for Q-algorithm, it’s possible for the reader to adjust the initial Q value, e.g., to provide a new Init_Q value in a DL trigger message, according the current conflict situation. The reader can additionally provide an indication to indicate that, after receiving Init_Qnew and calculating a new R_Init_Q, the device can regenerate a random number in a new style of random number generation range, e.g., not the previous one [0, (Init_Qnew-1) ] . The reason is that, as it’s highly possible for the reader to provide such Init_Qnew in late stage of a paging round and the number of available access occasions may be not so large, if the device still regenerate Qd-new in the previous range of [0, (Init_Qnew-1) ] , the resulting Qd-new would be too large and even cause the device not having an opportunity to access the network before the current paging round ends.
[0095] - A possible new style of random number generation range can be {a, Max_Qnew} , here Max_Qnew can be configured by the reader in the DL message, or it can be {a, [ (Init_Qnew) –(j *ΔQd) ] } , here “j” is the total number of DL trigger messages received previously and “ΔQd” is the step value by which Qd is reduced each time triggered by DL trigger message. Here “a” generally can be “0” , or some other pre-defined values, or configured by the reader.
[0096] IV. Embodiment 3
[0097] Embodiment 3 describes ACK / NACK for device to reader (D2R) transmission segments.
[0098] In the Msg3 transmission, the device may need to include its device ID (e.g., an Evolved Packet Core (EPC) -like permanent device ID) and maybe some further service data (e.g., service data stored on sensors connected to the device) in Msg3, so it is possible that the resulting data to be transmitted is larger than the grant provided by the reader to the device for Msg3 transmission and the device needs to segment the data. Currently, 3GPP agrees to consider a very simple segmentation mechanism, for example, where each segmentation contains a flag indicating whether it is the last segmentation. In existing discussions in 3GPP, an example of segmentation method and transmitting segments are shown in FIG. 6.
[0099] 1) The reader sends an initial grant with length equals to X bits to the device in a DL reader to device (R2D) message, e.g., Msg2;
[0100] 2) The device sends the first segment containing the device ID but this segment failed to be received by reader;
[0101] 3) The reader sends another DL R2D message including a NACK indication and also grant with length of X bits to the device;
[0102] 4) The device re-sends the first segment containing the device ID and this segment is received by the reader;
[0103] 5) The reader sends another DL R2D message including a ACK indication and also grant with length of Y bits to the device;
[0104] 6) The device sends the second segment containing part of the service data and this segment is received by the reader;
[0105] 7) The reader sends another DL R2D message including a ACK indication and also grant with length of Z bits to the device;
[0106] 8) The device sends the third segment containing the remaining service data and also a “last segment” indication and this segment is received by the reader. Please note not fully using the grant can also be considered an implicit “last segment” indication;
[0107] 9) The reader sends another DL R2D message including only an ACK indication to the device.
[0108] In the above scheme, the reader can only acknowledge or negatively acknowledge segments one by one, and the device can only send another segment after receiving a response to the previous one. In some scenarios, e.g., the grant is enough but the device may have not enough power to transmit a large segment that fills all the grant, the device may need to divide the large segment into two smaller segments and send them sequentially with a short interval, where the interval is the time for the device to recharge. In this case, the device does not need to wait for further grant from the reader, so allowing the device to transmit multiple segments consecutively might be more efficient.
[0109] Moreover, with the above scheme, the device should send all segments of one data before sending segments of other data, otherwise, the reader will be unable to distinguish and assemble segments belonging to the same data. For scenarios where there are multiple data to be transmitted, this method is not very efficient.
[0110] To improve the transmission efficiency of segments, the device can provide additional assistance information via the UL D2R message (s) to the reader:
[0111] The device can provide the following information in the segment (s) sent to the reader:
[0112] - The index of the current segment, for example, an index information element (IE) of 2 bits for indicating at most 4 segments;
[0113] - Whether the current segment belongs to a new data or a previous data.
[0114] The device can provide such additional control information in the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer Protocol Data Unit (PDU) or MAC layer header of the UL D2R message (s) .
[0115] To handle the failed transmission of a segment and improve the transmission efficiency, the reader can provide additional assistance information via the DL R2D message (s) , including:
[0116] The reader can provide at least one of the following scheduling related information to the device:
[0117] - The device is required to transmit a segment for a new data;
[0118] - The device is required to transmit a segment for the previous data;
[0119] - The device is required to transmit a new segment.
[0120] The reader can provide at least one of the following control related information to the device:
[0121] - Whether the last segment has been transmitted successfully or not;
[0122] - The device is required to re-transmit the last segment;
[0123] - The device is required to re-transmit all the segments.
[0124] The reader can provide the following control related information to the device:
[0125] - Whether the segment (s) with certain index (s) has been transmitted successfully or not;
[0126] - The index of the failed segment;
[0127] - The index of the successfully transmitted segment;
[0128] - The device is required to re-transmit segment (s) with certain index (s) .
[0129] The reader can provide such additional control information in the MAC layer PDU or MAC layer header of the DL R2D message (s) .
[0130] V. Embodiment 4
[0131] Embodiment 4 describes ACK / NACK for device to reader (D2R) transmission segments-2.
[0132] The following signaling patterns can be considered for scheduling transmission or retransmission of the segments of device to reader (D2R) transmission (message / data) :
[0133] Alt4-1: Two downlink scheduling messages pattern
[0134] It can include the following scheduling messages:
[0135] Downlink message-1 (e.g., it can be Msg2 or scheduled by Msg2 or NACK and Grant) , it can indicate one or more of following:
[0136] - Initial transmission of Msg3
[0137] - Retransmission of Msg3
[0138] - Retransmission of the whole uplink data
[0139] Downlink message-2 (e.g., it can be Msg2 or scheduled by Msg2 or scheduled by Downlink scheduling message-1 or ACK and Grant) , it can indicate one or more of following:
[0140] - Initial transmission of the remaining segment (s) of Msg3
[0141] - Initial transmission of the remaining segment (s) of uplink data
[0142] - Transmission of a new segment of uplink data
[0143] Alt4-2: Three downlink scheduling messages pattern
[0144] It can include the following scheduling messages:
[0145] Downlink message-1 (e.g., it can be Msg2 or scheduled by Msg2) , it can indicate one or more of following:
[0146] - Initial transmission of Msg3
[0147] - Retransmission of Msg3
[0148] - Retransmission of the whole uplink data
[0149] Downlink message-2 (e.g., it can be Msg2 or scheduled by Msg2 or scheduled by Downlink scheduling message-1 or ACK and Grant) , it can indicate one or more of following:
[0150] - Initial transmission of the remaining segment (s) of Msg3
[0151] - Initial transmission of the remaining segment (s) of uplink data
[0152] - Transmission of a new segment of uplink data
[0153] Downlink message-3 (e.g., it can be Msg2 or scheduled by Msg2 or scheduled by Downlink scheduling message-2 or NACK and Grant) , it can indicate one or more of following:
[0154] - Retransmission of last segment (s)
[0155] - Retransmission of previous segment (s)
[0156] - Retransmission of the most recent previous segment (s)
[0157] Alt4-3: Three downlink scheduling messages pattern
[0158] It can include the following scheduling messages:
[0159] Downlink message-1 (e.g., it can be Msg2 or scheduled by Msg2) , it can indicate one or more of following:
[0160] - Initial transmission of Msg3
[0161] - Retransmission of Msg3
[0162] Downlink message-2 (e.g., it can be Msg2 or scheduled by Msg2 or scheduled by Downlink scheduling message-1 or NACK and Grant) , it can indicate one or more of following:
[0163] - Initial transmission of the whole uplink data after Msg3
[0164] - Retransmission of the whole uplink data after Msg3
[0165] - Retransmission of the whole uplink data
[0166] Downlink message-3 (e.g., it can be Msg2 or scheduled by Msg2 or scheduled by Downlink scheduling message-2 or ACK and Grant) , it can indicate one or more of following:
[0167] - Initial transmission of the remaining segment (s) of Msg3
[0168] - Initial transmission of the remaining segment (s) of the uplink data after Msg3
[0169] - Transmission of a new segment of uplink data
[0170] Alt4-4: Four downlink scheduling messages pattern
[0171] It can include the following scheduling messages:
[0172] Downlink message-1 (e.g., it can be Msg2 or scheduled by Msg2) , it can indicate one or more of following:
[0173] - Initial transmission of Msg3
[0174] - Retransmission of Msg3
[0175] Downlink message-2 (e.g., it can be Msg2 or scheduled by Msg2 or scheduled by Downlink scheduling message-1) , it can indicate one or more of following:
[0176] - Initial transmission of the whole uplink data after Msg3
[0177] - Retransmission of the whole uplink data after Msg3
[0178] - Retransmission of the whole uplink data
[0179] Downlink message-3 (e.g., it can be Msg2 or scheduled by Msg2 or scheduled by Downlink scheduling message-2 or ACK and Grant) , it can indicate one or more of following:
[0180] - Initial transmission of the remaining segment (s) of Msg3
[0181] - Initial transmission of the remaining segment (s) of the uplink data after Msg3
[0182] - Transmission of a new segment of uplink data
[0183] Downlink message-4 (e.g., it can be Msg2 or scheduled by Msg2 or scheduled by Downlink scheduling message-3 or NACK and Grant) , it can indicate one or more of following:
[0184] - Retransmission of last segment (s)
[0185] - Retransmission of previous segment (s)
[0186] - Retransmission of the most recent previous segment (s)
[0187] Alt4-5: Two downlink scheduling messages pattern for DL service data (e.g., command data) -Option1
[0188] It can include the following scheduling messages:
[0189] Downlink message-1 (e.g., it can be Msg2 or scheduled by Msg2 or scheduled by other DL message) , it can indicate one or more of following:
[0190] - Initial transmission of DL service data (e.g., Msg4 or command data)
[0191] - Retransmission of DL service data (e.g., Msg4 or command data)
[0192] Downlink message-2 (e.g., it can be Msg2 or scheduled by Msg2 or scheduled by Downlink message-1 or scheduled by other DL message or NACK and Grant) , it can indicate one or more of following:
[0193] - Initial transmission of the remaining segment (s) of DL service data (e.g., Msg4 or command data)
[0194] - Transmission of a new segment of DL service data
[0195] Alt4-6: Three downlink scheduling messages pattern for DL service data (e.g., command data) -Option2
[0196] It can include the following scheduling messages:
[0197] Downlink message-1 (e.g., it can be Msg2 or scheduled by Msg2 or scheduled by other DL message) , it can indicate one or more of following:
[0198] - Initial transmission of DL service data (e.g., Msg4 or command data)
[0199] - Retransmission of DL service data (e.g., Msg4 or command data)
[0200] Downlink message-2 (e.g., it can be Msg2 or scheduled by Msg2 or scheduled by Downlink message-1 or scheduled by other DL message or ACK and Grant) , it can indicate one or more of following:
[0201] - Initial transmission of the remaining segment (s) of DL service data (e.g., Msg4 or command data)
[0202] - Transmission of a new segment of DL service data
[0203] Downlink message-3 (e.g., NACK and Grant) , it can indicate one or more of following:
[0204] - Retransmission of last segment (s)
[0205] - Retransmission of previous segment (s)
[0206] - Retransmission of the most recent previous segment (s)
[0207] VI. Embodiment 5
[0208] Embodiment 5 describes UE reader performing AIoT operations in topology (TP2) .
[0209] In TP2, a normal UE can act as a reader after being authorized and selected by network. So the UE reader should have the capability to operate over legacy Uu interface and on AIoT air interface. However, considering that for either legacy Uu interface or AIoT air interface, there will be both uplink and downlink transmission for a certain service operation (for legacy Uu interface, DL: BS->UE, UL: UE->BS; for AIoT air interface: DL: UE->device, UL: device->UE) , and also considering limited UE capability and transmission power, generally UE reader may not be able to perform full operations (UL and DL) simultaneously on both legacy Uu interface and AIoT air interface.
[0210] A more reasonable assumption could be that at any given time, the UE reader can operate on only one of the interfaces, e.g., either legacy Uu interface or AIoT air interface:
[0211] Connected mode
[0212] If a UE reader is currently in connected mode over legacy Uu interface, when the UE reader is triggered (e.g., based on kind of network control or configuration) to perform AIoT operation, it’s feasible for the UE reader to keep in connected mode and start the AIoT operations over AIoT air interface. After finishing part or all the AIoT operations or upon the start of active period of Discontinuous Reception (DRX) cycle, the UE reader can include the collected / stored AIoT service responses in the transmission over legacy Uu interface and send them to CN / AF) . The following alternatives can be considered:
[0213] The network (e.g., base station) can indicate UE reader to only perform the AIoT operations within the inactive period of connected mode DRX cycle. The UE reader should stop AIoT operations when the inactive period ends regardless of whether all devices have been operated on or not. Furthermore:
[0214] The UE and network can re-negotiate suitable connected mode DRX cycle to adapt to the AIoT operations.
[0215] The network can adjust the connected mode DRX cycle parameters implicitly or explicitly while providing resources for AIoT operations to the UE reader, including but not limited to: extending the length of the inactive period, increasing the proportion of inactive period within the entire DRX cycle etc.
[0216] The way for the network to adjust the connected mode DRX cycle parameters also can be that to indicate another set of connected mode DRX cycle parameters which have already been provided previously via system information (SI) messages.
[0217] In some scenarios, e.g., if the current data transmission is delay-tolerant, UE reader can request to stop the current data transmission in legacy Uu interface. After confirmed by the network, UE can stop the data transmission and / or some of other connected mode tasks, e.g., neighbor cell measurements and start to perform AIoT operations. Furthermore:
[0218] When network confirms the UE request for performing AIoT operations, network can also indicates operating time period / gap for AIoT operations to the UE reader.
[0219] After finishing part or all the AIoT operations or at the end of the operating time period indicated by the network, the UE reader can back to active (e.g., by triggering a connected mode random access procedure) and continue the data transmission over legacy Uu interface (can include the collected / stored AIoT service responses in the transmission and send them to CN / AF) .
[0220] During AIoT operations, UE reader still needs to monitor the DL channel with a certain periodicity or monitoring pattern (e.g., to achieve a kind of sparse monitoring) in case the network needs to notify the UE of some information or re-configure the UE. Such periodicity or monitoring pattern can be configured by the network.
[0221] Idle or inactive state
[0222] If a UE reader is currently in idle or inactive state over legacy Uu interface and previously has been configured to perform AIoT operations, UE reader can start the AIoT operation over AIoT air interface at certain time point. Furthermore:
[0223] The UE reader can be provided with AIoT resources, and / or the validity area / validity duration of AIoT resources, and / or the time point when it can start the AIoT operations, and / or the conditions for starting AIoT operations, and / or the time period during which it can perform AIoT operations via dedicated message, e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) re-configuration message, RRC release message. It’s also possible to just use dedicated message to indicate which common configurations in System Information Block (SIB) can be used / activated for this UE reader.
[0224] Considering that the AIoT operations may take a relatively long time, during AIoT operations, UE reader still needs to monitor the DL channel for monitoring paging on the legacy Uu interface and even perform some measurements. Network can configure sparse cycle for paging monitoring and or cell measurement / re-selection to the UE reader accordingly.
[0225] According to the configuration (resources, start time point / time period etc. ) for performing AIoT operations, the network can also be aware of when the UE reader performs AIoT operations. The base station / CN can also pend / delay (e.g., by applying the configured sparse cycle for paging monitoring) the paging to the UE reader.
[0226] Based on the capability of UE reader (e.g., for storing the received AIoT service responses) , the UE reader can choose a suitable time point (e.g., after finishing part or all the service operations) to initiate connection establishment procedure or small data transmission (SDT) procedure over legacy Uu interface and send the stored AIoT service responses to CN / AF.
[0227] VII. Embodiment 6
[0228] Embodiment 6 describes multiple readers coordination.
[0229] 3GPP has already agreed that two readers separated by a certain distance can perform AIoT operations simultaneously. In some scenarios, when a device located near the boundary of two readers receives a paging message from one of the reader, e.g., reader-A, it will send UL D2R message (e.g., Msg1 for random access) to reader-A. Due to higher demodulation capabilities of readers, it is possible that another reader, e.g., reader-B also can receive this Msg1 or subsequent UL D2R messages.
[0230] The possible enhancements for above scenario can be one of the following:
[0231] The device can include an identifier of the reader (e.g., reader-A) in the UL D2R messages and the reader-Ais the one from which the device receives the previous DL R2D messages.
[0232] If the reader-B receives the Msg1, e.g., the UL D2R message containing a random value, but identifies the reader identifier included in Msg1 does not match its own reader identifier, reader-B can choose to discard this received UL D2R message, Msg1.
[0233] If the reader-B receives the Msg3, e.g., the UL D2R message containing device ID information, but identifies the reader identifier included in Msg3 does not match its own reader identifier, reader-B can choose to discard the received Msg3. The reader-B also can choose to still report the received device's information to the core network. If reader-B decides to report, in the reporting message, reader-B can associate its own reader identifier with the device's information. The information of reader-Acan be deleted or retained separately.
[0234] FIG. 7 is an example flowchart for receiving subsequent service data. Operation 702 includes receiving, by a wireless device, an indication for a subsequent service data in an ambient internet of things (AIoT) network. Operation 704 includes receiving, by the wireless device, a data based on the indication for the subsequent service data. In some embodiments, the method can be implemented according to Embodiment 1. In some embodiments, performing further steps of the method can be based on a better system performance than a legacy protocol.
[0235] In some embodiments, the data is an inventory service data or a command service data.
[0236] In some embodiments, the indication further includes a time information indicating a waiting time before the data is received.
[0237] In some embodiments, the indication is included in at least one of the following: a paging message in a case where the subsequent service data is for all devices in a device list; or a downlink (DL) message after a Msg3 in a case where the subsequent service data is for a specific device.
[0238] FIG. 8 is an example flowchart for determining a Q value. Operation 802 includes receiving, by a wireless device, a downlink (DL) message including a signaled initial Q value in an ambient internet of things (AIoT) network, where a real initial Q value is a function of the signaled initial Q value. Operation 804 includes determining, by the wireless device and based on the real initial Q value, a Q value for an AIoT operation. In some embodiments, the method can be implemented according to Embodiment 2. In some embodiments, performing further steps of the method can be based on a better system performance than a legacy protocol.
[0239] In some embodiments, the function is at least one of the following: a linear function; an exponential function; a power function; a piecewise function; or a combination of different functions.
[0240] In some embodiments, the real initial Q value corresponds to at least one of the following: a maximum value of a value range used to determine or generate a Q value; a total number of random access resource sets; a total number of random access occasions; a total number of resource sets for a device-to-reader (D2R) transmission; a total number of occasions for a D2R transmission; a total number of resource sets for a reader-to-device (R2D) transmission; a total number of occasions for a R2D transmission; a total number of resource sets for both a D2R and a R2D transmissions; or a total number of occasions for both a D2R and a R2D transmissions.
[0241] In some embodiments, the Q value is between {a, b} , where a is smaller than b, where a or b is between 0 (inclusive) and the real initial Q value minus 1 (inclusive) , and where a or b is a predetermined value or configured in the DL message.
[0242] In some embodiments, b is equal to the real initial Q value minus a step value multiplied by j, where j is a predetermined value or configured in the DL message, and where j is a positive integer or a total number of triggers received previously.
[0243] In some embodiments, the DL message further includes an indication that if after a predetermined time duration or after a predetermined number of triggers a device has not initiated an AIoT operation, the device can directly reset its Q value to 0 and initiate an AIoT operation.
[0244] In some embodiments, the DL message further includes a step value, where a device can subtract the step value, a fraction of the step value, or a multiple of the step value from its Q value.
[0245] In some embodiments, at least one of the following applies: the DL message further includes an “m” value, where only a device that has received more than “m” triggers but still has not initiated an AIoT operation needs to regenerate its Q value; the DL message further includes a “p” value, where only a device that has a Q value greater than “p” needs to regenerate its Q value; the DL message further includes an “r” value, where only a device that has a Q value smaller than “r” needs to regenerate its Q value; the DL message further includes an indication that only a portion of devices need to regenerate their Q values; or the DL message further includes an indication that only a device that meets a condition needs to regenerate its Q value, where the condition is predetermined or configured in the DL message.
[0246] In some embodiments, the DL message further includes a device identifier (ID) list indicating target devices that are required to initiate AIoT operations, where a device determines whether to initiate an AIoT operation if its device ID is contained in the device ID list and if the device has not received an initial paging message.
[0247] FIG. 9 is an example flowchart for transmitting assistance information. Operation 902 includes transmitting, by a wireless device, a signaling including an assistance information, where the assistance information assists with a data segmentation or recombination. In some embodiments, the method can be implemented according to Embodiment 3. In some embodiments, performing further steps of the method can be based on a better system performance than a legacy protocol.
[0248] In some embodiments, the assistance information includes at least one of the following: an index of a current data segment; or whether a current data segment belongs to a new data or a previous data.
[0249] In some embodiments, the assistance information is included in a medium access control (MAC) layer protocol data unit (PDU) or a MAC layer header.
[0250] In some embodiments, the assistance information includes at least one of the following scheduling related information: a device is required to transmit a data segment for a new data; or a device is required to transmit a data segment for a previous data.
[0251] In some embodiments, the assistance information includes at least one of the following control related information: whether a last data segment has been transmitted successfully or not; whether a data segment with a specific index has been transmitted successfully or not; an index of a failed data segment; an index of a successfully transmitted data segment; a device is required to re-transmit a last data segment; a device is required to re-transmit a data segment with a specific index; or a device is required to re-transmit all data segments.
[0252] FIG. 10 is an example flowchart for transmitting an AIoT service response. Operation 1002 includes performing, by a wireless device in a connected mode over a Uu interface, an ambient internet of things (AIoT) service over an AIoT air interface. Operation 1004 includes transmitting, by the wireless device and based on the AIoT service, an AIoT service response over the Uu interface. In some embodiments, the method can be implemented according to Embodiment 5. In some embodiments, performing further steps of the method can be based on a better system performance than a legacy protocol.
[0253] In some embodiments, transmitting the AIoT service response is after the wireless device finishes a part or all of the AIoT service or upon a start of an active period of a discontinuous reception (DRX) cycle.
[0254] In some embodiments, the method further includes receiving, by the wireless device, an indication to only perform the AIoT service within an inactive period of a discontinuous reception (DRX) cycle, where the wireless device is required to stop the AIoT service when the inactive period ends regardless of whether all devices have been operated on or not.
[0255] In some embodiments, a network device adjusts a connected mode discontinuous reception (DRX) cycle parameter implicitly or explicitly while providing a resource for the AIoT service, where adjusting the parameter includes at least one of the following: extending a length of an inactive period; increasing a proportion of an inactive period within a DRX cycle; or indicating to use another connected mode DRX cycle parameter that has already been provided via a system information (SI) message.
[0256] In some embodiments, the method further includes transmitting, by the wireless device, a request to stop a current data transmission or a connected mode task; and receiving, by the wireless device, a confirmation to stop the current data transmission or the connected mode task and an indication for an operating time period for the AIoT service.
[0257] In some embodiments, the method further includes triggering, by the wireless device and after finishing a part or all of the AIoT service, a connected mode random access procedure to continue the current data transmission or the connected mode task over the Uu interface.
[0258] In some embodiments, the method further includes monitoring, by the wireless device and with a periodicity or pattern, a downlink (DL) channel, where the periodicity or pattern is configured by a network device.
[0259] In some embodiments, for a UE reader performing AIoT operations in the connected state, the AIoT resources are typically valid within the current cell, and the validity duration can be the duration for the AIoT operation, or the legacy RRC connection duration, or until resource reconfiguration. Such validity area and validity duration are also applicable when a connected mode UE reader is “temporarily” out-of-connection, e.g., Radio Link Failure (RLF) . That is, even if the UE reader is “temporarily” out-of-connection, as long as the AIoT resource is in the validity duration, the UE reader still can use it if it needs to perform the AIoT operation. But if the UE reader finally re-establishes another new cell, the AIoT resources allocated by the source cell should be released in both the UE reader and the source cell.
[0260] FIG. 11 is an example flowchart for performing an AIoT service. Operation 1102 includes receiving, by a wireless device and over a Uu interface, a dedicated message including a time point when the wireless device in an idle or inactive state can start an ambient internet of things (AIoT) service over an AIoT air interface. Operation 1104 includes performing, by the wireless device and at the time point, the AIoT service. In some embodiments, the method can be implemented according to Embodiment 5. In some embodiments, performing further steps of the method can be based on a better system performance than a legacy protocol.
[0261] In some embodiments, the dedicated message further includes at least one of the following: an AIoT resource; a validity area of the AIoT resource; a validity duration of the AIoT resource; a condition for starting the AIoT service; a time period during which the wireless device can perform the AIoT service; or a common configuration in a system information block (SIB) that can be used or activated for the wireless device.
[0262] In some embodiments, the dedicated message is a radio resource control (RRC) message, a medium access control (MAC) protocol data unit (PDU) , a physical layer signaling, a RRC re-configuration message, or a RRC release message.
[0263] In some embodiments, the method further includes performing, by the wireless device and over the Uu interface, a paging monitoring, a cell measurement, or a cell re-selection, where the page monitoring, the cell measurement, or the cell re-selection overlaps at least partially with performing the AIoT service, and where a cycle for the page monitoring, the cell measurement, or the cell re-selection is configured by a network device.
[0264] In some embodiments, the method further includes initiating, by the wireless device and at a suitable time point, a connection establishment procedure or a small data transmission (SDT) procedure to transmit an AIoT service response over the Uu interface.
[0265] In some embodiments, the suitable time point is determined based on at least one of the following: a capability of the wireless device for storing the AIoT service response; or after finishing a part or all of the AIoT service.
[0266] In some embodiments, for a UE reader in idle / inactive modes, the valid area for the AIoT resources is the last cell. That is, the AIoT resources are only valid when the UE reader is in the last cell where the UE reader was allocated AIoT resources before its connection is released. A cross-cell AIoT resource validity area can also be supported and require coordination on the AIoT resource allocation and usage among cells.
[0267] In some embodiments, for a UE reader in idle / inactive modes, a straightforward option for setting validity time of AIoT resources is that the base station can additionally provide a validity duration and / or an epoch time for the AIoT resource when allocating it to the UE reader. The base station and the UE reader need to keep a consistent understanding of this validity period and start time. The length of the validity duration can be adapted to the scale of targeted devices needing to perform AIoT operations.
[0268] FIG. 12 is an example flowchart for receiving a user equipment (UE) reader identifier (ID) . Operation 1202 includes receiving, by a wireless device, an uplink (UL) message including an identifier (ID) of a user equipment (UE) reader in an ambient internet of things (AIoT) network, where the UE reader has transmitted a previous downlink (DL) message. Operation 1204 includes determining, by the wireless device, whether its ID matches the ID of the UE reader. In some embodiments, the method can be implemented according to Embodiment 6. In some embodiments, performing further steps of the method can be based on a better system performance than a legacy protocol.
[0269] In some embodiments, the wireless device determines that its ID does not match the ID of the UE reader, where at least one of the following applies: the wireless device discards the UL message; or the wireless device reports, to a core network (CN) or an application function (AF) , a device information associated with the UL message, where the wireless device associates its ID with the device information, and where the ID of the UE reader is deleted or retained separately.
[0270] In some embodiments, the UL message includes at least one of a Msg1 or a Msg3.
[0271] FIG. 13 is an example flowchart for transmitting subsequent service data. Operation 1302 includes transmitting, by a network device, an indication for a subsequent service data in an ambient internet of things (AIoT) network. Operation 1304 includes transmitting, by the network device, a data based on the indication for the subsequent service data. In some embodiments, the method can be implemented according to Embodiment 1. In some embodiments, performing further steps of the method can be based on a better system performance than a legacy protocol.
[0272] FIG. 14 is an example flowchart for transmitting a signaled initial Q value. Operation 1402 includes transmitting, by a network device, a downlink (DL) message including a signaled initial Q value in an ambient internet of things (AIoT) network, where a real initial Q value is a function of the signaled initial Q value, and where a Q value of a wireless device for an AIoT operation is determined based on the real initial Q value. In some embodiments, the method can be implemented according to Embodiment 2. In some embodiments, performing further steps of the method can be based on a better system performance than a legacy protocol.
[0273] FIG. 15 is an example flowchart for receiving assistance information. Operation 1502 includes receiving, by a network device, a signaling including an assistance information, where the assistance information assists with a data segmentation or recombination. In some embodiments, the method can be implemented according to Embodiment 3. In some embodiments, performing further steps of the method can be based on a better system performance than a legacy protocol.
[0274] FIG. 16 is an example flowchart for receiving an AIoT service response. Operation 1602 includes receiving, by a network device and over a Uu interface, an ambient internet of things (AIoT) service response, where the AIoT service response is based on an AIoT service performed by a wireless device over an AIoT air interface. In some embodiments, the method can be implemented according to Embodiment 5. In some embodiments, performing further steps of the method can be based on a better system performance than a legacy protocol.
[0275] FIG. 17 is an example flowchart for transmitting a dedicated message. Operation 1702 includes transmitting, by a network device and over a Uu interface, a dedicated message including a time point when a wireless device in an idle or inactive state can start an ambient internet of things (AIoT) service over an AIoT air interface. In some embodiments, the method can be implemented according to Embodiment 5. In some embodiments, performing further steps of the method can be based on a better system performance than a legacy protocol.
[0276] FIG. 18 is an example flowchart for receiving an uplink (UL) message. Operation 1802 includes receiving, by a network device, an uplink (UL) message including an identifier (ID) of a user equipment (UE) reader in an ambient internet of things (AIoT) network, where the UE reader has transmitted a previous downlink (DL) message. In some embodiments, the method can be implemented according to Embodiment 6. In some embodiments, performing further steps of the method can be based on a better system performance than a legacy protocol.
[0277] All the above embodiments that can be implemented by a wireless device can also be implemented by a network device.
[0278] FIG. 19 shows an example block diagram of a hardware platform 1900 that may be a part of a network device (e.g., a base station (BS) , a transmission and reception point (TRP) , a core network (CN) node, or an application function (AF) ) or a wireless device (e.g., a user equipment (UE) , a UE reader, or an AIoT device) . The hardware platform 1900 includes at least one processor 1910 and a memory 1905 having instructions stored thereupon. The instructions upon execution by the at least one processor 1910 configure the hardware platform 1900 to perform the operations described in FIGS. 1-18 and in the various embodiments described in this patent document. The transmitter 1915 transmits or sends information or data to another device. For example, a network device transmitter can send a message to a user equipment. The receiver 1920 receives information or data transmitted or sent by another device. For example, a user equipment can receive a message from a network device. For example, a UE, a wireless device, or a network device, as described in the present document, may be implemented using the hardware platform 1900.
[0279] The implementations as discussed above will apply to a wireless communication. FIG. 20 shows an example of a wireless communication system (e.g., a 5G or NR cellular network) that includes a base station 2020 and one or more user equipment (UE) 2011, 2012, and 2013. In some embodiments, the UE access the BS (e.g., the network) using a communication link to the network (sometimes called uplink direction, as depicted by dashed arrows 2031, 2032, 2033) , which then enables subsequent communication (e.g., shown in the direction from the network to the UE, sometimes called downlink direction, shown by arrows 2041, 2042, 2043) from the BS to the UE. In some embodiments, the BS sends information to the UE (sometimes called downlink direction, as depicted by arrows 2041, 2042, 2043) , which then enables subsequent communication (e.g., shown in the direction from the UE to the BS, sometimes called uplink direction, shown by dashed arrows 2031, 2032, 2033) from the UE to the BS. The UE may be, for example, a smartphone, a tablet, a mobile computer, a machine to machine (M2M) device, a UE reader, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, and so on. The UE described in the present document may be communicatively coupled to the base station 2020 depicted in FIG. 20.
[0280] It will be appreciated by one of skill in the art that the present patent document discloses methods that, among other benefits, improve AIoT network efficiency. This patent document discloses methods that enhance inventory and command services, Q-selection schemes in paging, acknowledgement (ACK) / negative acknowledgement (NACK) for device-to-reader (D2R) and reader-to-device (R2D) transmission segments, user equipment (UE) reader performing AIoT operations over an AIoT air interface and a Uu interface, and multiple-reader coordination.
[0281] Some of the embodiments described herein are described in the general context of methods or processes, which may be implemented in one embodiment by a computer program product, embodied in a computer-readable medium, including computer-executable instructions, such as program code, executed by computers in networked environments. A computer-readable medium may include removable and non-removable storage devices including, but not limited to, Read Only Memory (ROM) , Random Access Memory (RAM) , compact discs (CDs) , digital versatile discs (DVD) , etc. Therefore, the computer-readable media can include a non-transitory storage media. Generally, program modules may include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. Computer-or processor-executable instructions, associated data structures, and program modules represent examples of program code for executing steps of the methods disclosed herein. The particular sequence of such executable instructions or associated data structures represents examples of corresponding acts for implementing the functions described in such steps or processes.
[0282] Some of the disclosed embodiments can be implemented as devices or modules using hardware circuits, software, or combinations thereof. For example, a hardware circuit implementation can include discrete analog and / or digital components that are, for example, integrated as part of a printed circuit board. Alternatively, or additionally, the disclosed components or modules can be implemented as an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) and / or as a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) device. Some implementations may additionally or alternatively include a digital signal processor (DSP) that is a specialized microprocessor with an architecture optimized for the operational needs of digital signal processing associated with the disclosed functionalities of this application. Similarly, the various components or sub-components within each module may be implemented in software, hardware, or firmware. The connectivity between the modules and / or components within the modules may be provided using any one of the connectivity methods and media that is known in the art, including, but not limited to, communications over the Internet, wired, or wireless networks using the appropriate protocols.
[0283] While this document contains many specifics, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of an invention that is claimed or of what may be claimed, but rather as descriptions of features specific to particular embodiments. Certain features that are described in this document in the context of separate embodiments can also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment can also be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in any suitable sub-combination. Moreover, although features may be described above as acting in certain combinations and even initially claimed as such, one or more features from a claimed combination can in some cases be excised from the combination, and the claimed combination may be directed to a sub-combination or a variation of a sub-combination. Similarly, while operations are depicted in the drawings in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results.
[0284] Only a few implementations and examples are described, and other implementations, enhancements and variations can be made based on what is described and illustrated in this patent document.
Claims
1.A method of wireless communication, comprising:receiving, by a wireless device, an indication for a subsequent service data in an ambient internet of things (AIoT) network; andreceiving, by the wireless device, a data based on the indication for the subsequent service data.2.The method of claim 1, wherein the data is an inventory service data or a command service data.3.The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the indication further comprises a time information indicating a waiting time before the data is received.4.The method of any of claims 1-3, wherein the indication is comprised in at least one of the following:a paging message in a case where the subsequent service data is for all devices in a device list; ora downlink (DL) message after a Msg3 in a case where the subsequent service data is for a specific device.5.A method of wireless communication, comprising:receiving, by a wireless device, a downlink (DL) message comprising a signaled initial Q value in an ambient internet of things (AIoT) network, wherein a real initial Q value is a function of the signaled initial Q value; anddetermining, by the wireless device and based on the real initial Q value, a Q value for an AIoT operation.6.The method of claim 5, wherein the function is at least one of the following:a linear function;an exponential function;a power function;a piecewise function; ora combination of different functions.7.The method of claim 5 or 6, wherein the real initial Q value corresponds to at least one of the following:a maximum value of a value range used to determine or generate a Q value;a total number of random access resource sets;a total number of random access occasions;a total number of resource sets for a device-to-reader (D2R) transmission;a total number of occasions for a D2R transmission;a total number of resource sets for a reader-to-device (R2D) transmission;a total number of occasions for a R2D transmission;a total number of resource sets for both a D2R and a R2D transmissions; ora total number of occasions for both a D2R and a R2D transmissions.8.The method of any of claims 5-7, wherein the Q value is between {a, b} , wherein a is smaller than b, wherein a or b is between 0 (inclusive) and the real initial Q value minus 1 (inclusive) , and wherein a or b is a predetermined value or configured in the DL message.9.The method of claim 8, wherein b is equal to the real initial Q value minus a step value multiplied by j, wherein j is a predetermined value or configured in the DL message, and wherein j is a positive integer or a total number of triggers received previously.10.The method of any of claims 5-9, wherein the DL message further comprises an indication that if after a predetermined time duration or after a predetermined number of triggers a device has not initiated an AIoT operation, the device can directly reset its Q value to 0 and initiate an AIoT operation.11.The method of any of claims 5-10, wherein the DL message further comprises a step value, and wherein a device can subtract the step value, a fraction of the step value, or a multiple of the step value from its Q value.12.The method of any of claims 5-11, wherein at least one of the following applies:the DL message further comprises an “m” value, and wherein only a device that has received more than “m” triggers but still has not initiated an AIoT operation needs to regenerate its Q value;the DL message further comprises a “p” value, and wherein only a device that has a Q value greater than “p” needs to regenerate its Q value;the DL message further comprises an “r” value, and wherein only a device that has a Q value smaller than “r” needs to regenerate its Q value;the DL message further comprises an indication that only a portion of devices need to regenerate their Q values; orthe DL message further comprises an indication that only a device that meets a condition needs to regenerate its Q value, wherein the condition is predetermined or configured in the DL message.13.The method of any of claims 5-12, wherein the DL message further comprises a device identifier (ID) list indicating target devices that are required to initiate AIoT operations, and wherein a device determines whether to initiate an AIoT operation if its device ID is contained in the device ID list and if the device has not received an initial paging message.14.A method of wireless communication, comprising:transmitting, by a wireless device, a signaling comprising an assistance information, wherein the assistance information assists with a data segmentation or recombination.15.The method of claim 14, wherein the assistance information comprises at least one of the following:an index of a current data segment; orwhether a current data segment belongs to a new data or a previous data.16.The method of claim 14 or 15, wherein the assistance information is comprised in a medium access control (MAC) layer protocol data unit (PDU) or a MAC layer header.17.The method of any of claims 14-16, wherein the assistance information comprises at least one of the following scheduling related information:a device is required to transmit a data segment for a new data; ora device is required to transmit a data segment for a previous data.18.The method of any of claims 14-17, wherein the assistance information comprises at least one of the following control related information:whether a last data segment has been transmitted successfully or not;whether a data segment with a specific index has been transmitted successfully or not;an index of a failed data segment;an index of a successfully transmitted data segment;a device is required to re-transmit a last data segment;a device is required to re-transmit a data segment with a specific index; ora device is required to re-transmit all data segments.19.A method of wireless communication, comprising:performing, by a wireless device in a connected mode over a Uu interface, an ambient internet of things (AIoT) service over an AIoT air interface; andtransmitting, by the wireless device and based on the AIoT service, an AIoT service response over the Uu interface.20.The method of claim 19, wherein transmitting the AIoT service response is after the wireless device finishes a part or all of the AIoT service or upon a start of an active period of a discontinuous reception (DRX) cycle.21.The method of claim 19 or 20, further comprising receiving, by the wireless device, an indication to only perform the AIoT service within an inactive period of a discontinuous reception (DRX) cycle, and wherein the wireless device is required to stop the AIoT service when the inactive period ends regardless of whether all devices have been operated on or not.22.The method of any of claims 19-21, wherein a network device adjusts a connected mode discontinuous reception (DRX) cycle parameter implicitly or explicitly while providing a resource for the AIoT service, and wherein adjusting the parameter comprises at least one of the following:extending a length of an inactive period;increasing a proportion of an inactive period within a DRX cycle; orindicating to use another connected mode DRX cycle parameter that has already been provided via a system information (SI) message.23.The method of any of claims 19-22, further comprising:transmitting, by the wireless device, a request to stop a current data transmission or a connected mode task; andreceiving, by the wireless device, a confirmation to stop the current data transmission or the connected mode task and an indication for an operating time period for the AIoT service.24.The method of claim 23, further comprising triggering, by the wireless device and after finishing a part or all of the AIoT service, a connected mode random access procedure to continue the current data transmission or the connected mode task over the Uu interface.25.The method of any of claims 19-24, further comprising monitoring, by the wireless device and with a periodicity or pattern, a downlink (DL) channel, wherein the periodicity or pattern is configured by a network device.26.A method of wireless communication, comprising:receiving, by a wireless device and over a Uu interface, a dedicated message comprising a time point when the wireless device in an idle or inactive state can start an ambient internet of things (AIoT) service over an AIoT air interface; andperforming, by the wireless device and at the time point, the AIoT service.27.The method of claim 26, wherein the dedicated message further comprises at least one of the following:an AIoT resource;a validity area of the AIoT resource;a validity duration of the AIoT resource;a condition for starting the AIoT service;a time period during which the wireless device can perform the AIoT service; ora common configuration in a system information block (SIB) that can be used or activated for the wireless device.28.The method of claim 26 or 27, wherein the dedicated message is a radio resource control (RRC) message, a medium access control (MAC) protocol data unit (PDU) , a physical layer signaling, a RRC re-configuration message, or a RRC release message.29.The method of any of claims 26-28, further comprising performing, by the wireless device and over the Uu interface, a paging monitoring, a cell measurement, or a cell re-selection, wherein the page monitoring, the cell measurement, or the cell re-selection overlaps at least partially with performing the AIoT service, and wherein a cycle for the page monitoring, the cell measurement, or the cell re-selection is configured by a network device.30.The method of any of claims 26-29, further comprising initiating, by the wireless device and at a suitable time point, a connection establishment procedure or a small data transmission (SDT) procedure to transmit an AIoT service response over the Uu interface.31.The method of claim 30, wherein the suitable time point is determined based on at least one of the following:a capability of the wireless device for storing the AIoT service response; orafter finishing a part or all of the AIoT service.32.A method of wireless communication, comprising:receiving, by a wireless device, an uplink (UL) message comprising an identifier (ID) of a user equipment (UE) reader in an ambient internet of things (AIoT) network, wherein the UE reader has transmitted a previous downlink (DL) message; anddetermining, by the wireless device, whether its ID matches the ID of the UE reader.33.The method of claim 32, wherein the wireless device determines that its ID does not match the ID of the UE reader, and wherein at least one of the following applies:the wireless device discards the UL message; orthe wireless device reports, to a core network (CN) or an application function (AF) , a device information associated with the UL message, wherein the wireless device associates its ID with the device information, and wherein the ID of the UE reader is deleted or retained separately.34.The method of claim 32 or 33, wherein the UL message comprises at least one of a Msg1 or a Msg3.35.A method of wireless communication, comprising:transmitting, by a network device, an indication for a subsequent service data in an ambient internet of things (AIoT) network; andtransmitting, by the network device, a data based on the indication for the subsequent service data.36.A method of wireless communication, comprising:transmitting, by a network device, a downlink (DL) message comprising a signaled initial Q value in an ambient internet of things (AIoT) network, wherein a real initial Q value is a function of the signaled initial Q value, and wherein a Q value of a wireless device for an AIoT operation is determined based on the real initial Q value.37.A method of wireless communication, comprising:receiving, by a network device, a signaling comprising an assistance information, wherein the assistance information assists with a data segmentation or recombination.38.A method of wireless communication, comprising:receiving, by a network device and over a Uu interface, an ambient internet of things (AIoT) service response, wherein the AIoT service response is based on an AIoT service performed by a wireless device over an AIoT air interface.39.A method of wireless communication, comprising:transmitting, by a network device and over a Uu interface, a dedicated message comprising a time point when a wireless device in an idle or inactive state can start an ambient internet of things (AIoT) service over an AIoT air interface.40.A method of wireless communication, comprising:receiving, by a network device, an uplink (UL) message comprising an identifier (ID) of a user equipment (UE) reader in an ambient internet of things (AIoT) network, wherein the UE reader has transmitted a previous downlink (DL) message.41.An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising at least one processor, wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the apparatus to implement a method recited in any one or more of claims 1 to 40.42.A computer readable program storage medium having code stored thereon, the code, when executed by at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to cause an apparatus to implement a method recited in any one or more of claims 1 to 40.