Dual-energy water heating apparatus and control system therefor

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of water heating apparatuses. Disclosed are a dual-energy water heating apparatus and a control system therefor, which are used for solving the problems of low heat exchange efficiency, excessively complex control and low intelligence of existing dual-energy water heating apparatuses combining gas heating and heat pump heating. The dual-energy water heating apparatus in the present invention is provided with a separate gas heating system and a separate heat pump heating system, and is also provided with two independent heat exchange systems. The two heating systems do not interfere with each other and can perform individual heating or combined heating, thereby simplifying the operation control of the dual heating systems. Moreover, using two sets of heat exchange systems to perform respective heat exchange can not only ensure the long-term operation of the heat exchange systems, but also improve the heat exchange efficiency of different heat exchange systems in different heating systems. The control method for the dual-energy water heating apparatus in the present invention can automatically control the dual-energy water heating apparatus to operate in an optimal heating mode in response to different user requirements and external environmental conditions.

Description

Dual-energy hot water device and its control system Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of hot water device technology, specifically, it relates to a dual-energy hot water device and its control system. Background Technology

[0002] Hot water systems are common household appliances in people's daily lives. In the traditional field of hot water systems, electric and gas hot water systems are the most widely used. However, with the continuous progress of society and the continuous development of science and technology, more and more new energy hot water systems have been created. Among them, solar hot water systems and air source hot water systems are the most efficient. Both types of hot water systems use the energy of nature itself to generate heat, which is not only energy-saving and environmentally friendly, but also more in line with China's concept of sustainable development.

[0003] In recent years, due to the inherent drawbacks of single-energy water heating devices, dual-energy water heating devices that combine two different energy sources have emerged. Examples include a dual-energy water heater combining wind and solar energy disclosed in patent application number "CN200920253664.3", and a dual-energy water heater combining solar and air energy disclosed in patent application number "CN201721591231.X".

[0004] Dual-energy water heaters combining gas-fired water heaters and air-source heat pump water heaters (i.e., heat pump water heaters) have also emerged. However, these types of water heaters generally share a single heat exchange system. Their working principle is as follows: water is circulated to the heat exchange system through a water tank, and the circulating water exchanges heat with the heating energy of the dual-energy heating system in the heat exchange system, such as the dual-energy water heater disclosed in patent application number "CN202011414397.0". While this architecture simplifies the overall structure and reduces the size of the device, sharing a single heat exchange system for two heating systems can easily lead to overload and low heat exchange efficiency, and makes the control and switching of the heating systems more complex. On the other hand, current research on dual-energy water heaters focuses more on the combined operation of two water heater systems using different energy sources, while relatively integrated one-piece water heater products are few. This is because dual-energy water heater systems involve many local components, and considering various constraints, integrating and reasonably assembling these local components into a single integrated device is quite difficult.

[0005] In addition, the control systems of dual-energy water heating devices that combine gas water heaters and heat pump water heaters often suffer from complexity and lack of intelligence in their control methods. They cannot automatically select the optimal heating mode according to the user's actual needs, resulting in a poor user experience and making it difficult to fully utilize the advantages of dual-energy water heating devices. Summary of the Invention

[0006] One of the objectives of this invention is to provide a dual-energy hot water device to solve the problems of low overall heat exchange efficiency and overly complex heating control in existing dual-energy hot water devices that combine gas and heat pump heating.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A dual-energy hot water device includes a gas heating system, a heat pump heating system, a water tank, and a control system. The water tank is equipped with a cold water inlet and a hot water outlet. Its distinguishing feature is that...

[0009] The gas heating system includes a burner unit and a gas heating heat exchange tube. The burner unit is installed above the water tank, and the gas heating heat exchange tube is installed inside the water tank. One end of the gas heating heat exchange tube is connected to the burner unit, and the other end of the gas heating heat exchange tube is connected to a flue gas exhaust pipe.

[0010] The heat pump heating system includes a compressor, a heat pump heat exchanger, and an evaporator. The compressor, heat pump heat exchanger, and evaporator are sequentially connected in a loop and integrated on the outside of the water tank.

[0011] The water tank is also equipped with a heat pump heating circulation outlet and a heat pump heating circulation return outlet, which are respectively connected to the heat exchange circulation interface on the heat pump heating heat exchanger; temperature sensors for obtaining the actual water temperature at the upper and lower parts of the water tank are respectively installed in the upper and lower parts of the water tank.

[0012] As a further preferred embodiment of this technical solution, the gas heating heat exchange tube includes a vertically arranged main heat exchange tube, a secondary circulation heat exchange tube, and a flue gas condensing tube. A flue gas diversion chamber is provided above the water tank, and a flue gas condensing chamber is provided below the water tank. The upper end of the main heat exchange tube is connected to the combustion unit, and the lower end of the main heat exchange tube extends to the bottom of the water tank and communicates with the lower end of the secondary circulation heat exchange tube. The upper end of the secondary circulation heat exchange tube is connected to the flue gas diversion chamber. The two ends of the flue gas condensing tube are respectively connected to the flue gas diversion chamber and the flue gas condensing chamber. The lower end of the flue gas condensing chamber is connected to the flue gas emission pipe.

[0013] As a further preferred embodiment of this technical solution, the medium outlet end of the compressor is connected to the heat pump heating heat exchanger and the evaporator through a four-way valve; a circulation pump is installed on the connecting pipe between the heat pump heating heat exchanger and the heat pump heating circulation outlet, and an expansion valve is installed on the connecting pipe between the heat pump heating heat exchanger and the evaporator.

[0014] As a further preferred embodiment of this technical solution, an outer cylinder is also fitted around the water tank, and an installation top cover is connected to the upper end of the outer cylinder. The installation top cover covers the combustion unit, and the air supply pipe of the combustion unit passes through the installation top cover. The installation top cover is also provided with heat dissipation holes for heat dissipation of the combustion unit. A closed base is connected to the bottom of the outer cylinder.

[0015] As a further preferred embodiment of this technical solution, the compressor, heat pump heat exchanger, and evaporator are fixedly attached to the outer wall of the outer cylinder by a mounting bracket, and the side of the mounting bracket connected to the outer cylinder is open; multiple horizontal partitions are arranged vertically and vertically inside the mounting bracket, and the multiple horizontal partitions form multiple installation spaces in the mounting bracket, and the compressor, heat pump heat exchanger, and evaporator are respectively installed in a separate installation space.

[0016] As a further preferred embodiment of this technical solution, the horizontal partition includes a first partition, a second partition, and a third partition installed sequentially from top to bottom. The first partition and the mounting bracket form a first mounting space for accommodating the air supply pipe end of the combustion unit. The position of the first mounting space corresponds to the mounting top cover, and a combustion air inlet is provided on the mounting bracket corresponding to the area of ​​the first mounting space. The first partition, the second partition, and the mounting bracket form a second mounting space for accommodating the evaporator, and a heat pump air inlet is provided on the mounting bracket corresponding to the area of ​​the second mounting space. The second partition, the third partition, and the mounting bracket form a third mounting space for accommodating the heat pump heating heat exchanger. The third partition and the mounting bracket form a fourth mounting space for installing the compressor.

[0017] As a further preferred embodiment of this technical solution, the lower end face of the closed base is flush with the lower end face of the mounting bracket, and at least two parallel and spaced load-bearing limiting beams are fixedly installed at the bottom of the closed base and the mounting bracket.

[0018] Another objective of this invention is to provide a control system based on the above-mentioned dual-energy hot water device. This control system can automatically optimize the dual-energy heating method and operation mode according to user needs and environmental conditions, so as to achieve the effects of meeting user needs, reducing energy consumption, and reducing carbon emissions.

[0019] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0020] A dual-energy hot water device control system for controlling the aforementioned dual-energy hot water device, characterized in that it comprises:

[0021] The control panel is used to receive the user's input of the desired water temperature Ts and the selection of the operating mode, wherein the operating modes include at least comfort mode, economy mode and low carbon mode; the temperature acquisition module is used to acquire the actual temperature Tu at the top of the water tank, the actual temperature Td at the bottom of the water tank, the gas heating hysteresis temperature Ta and the heat pump heating hysteresis temperature Tb respectively.

[0022] The controller, connected to the control panel, temperature acquisition module, gas heating system, and heat pump heating system respectively, is configured as follows:

[0023] When a user selects the comfort mode to meet a large demand for hot water, the controller continuously acquires temperature data transmitted by the temperature acquisition module. When Td ≤ Ts - Tb, the controller activates the heat pump heating system to heat the water tank until Td ≥ Ts. At this point, the controller shuts down the heat pump heating system and continues to acquire the temperature data. When Tu ≤ Ts - Ta, the controller activates the gas heating system to heat the water tank until Tu ≥ Ts. At this point, the controller shuts down the gas heating system and continues to acquire the temperature data.

[0024] As a further preferred embodiment of this technical solution, it also includes an economic parameter acquisition module, which is connected to the controller and is used to acquire the current electricity price C1, natural gas price C2 and current ambient temperature T1, and query the performance information of the heat pump heating system and the thermal efficiency η of the gas heating system.

[0025] The controller is also configured to select an economy mode when the user aims for the lowest energy cost while meeting basic hot water needs. The controller has a built-in target COP for the heat pump heating system. 热目 Calculation formula: COP 热目 = α × η × C1 / C2; where α is a dimensionless parameter representing the calorific value of each cubic meter of natural gas combustion and the electricity consumed by the heat pump heating system to generate the equivalent calorific value; the controller acquires various parameters to calculate the target COP of the heat pump heating system. 热 目 And query the COP in the performance information of the heat pump heating system. 热目 The corresponding target ambient temperature T2;

[0026] When the economic mode is activated (T1>T2), the controller activates the heat pump heating system to heat the water tank until T1≤T2-β. Then, the controller shuts down the heat pump heating system and activates the gas heating system to heat the water tank until T1>T2, repeating this process. Here, β is the ambient temperature adjustment parameter. When the economic mode is activated (T1≤T2), the controller activates the gas heating system to heat the water tank until T1≥T2+β. Then, the controller shuts down the gas heating system and activates the heat pump heating system to heat the water tank until T1≤T2, repeating this process.

[0027] As a further preferred embodiment of this technical solution, an economic parameter acquisition module is also included, which is connected to the controller and is used to acquire the electricity carbon emission factor P1, the natural gas carbon emission factor P2 and the current ambient temperature T1, and to query the performance information of the heat pump heating system and the thermal efficiency η of the gas heating system.

[0028] The controller is also configured to select a low-carbon mode when the user aims for minimal carbon emissions while meeting basic hot water needs. The controller has a built-in target COP for the heat pump heating system. 热目 Calculation formula: COP 热目 = α × η × P1 / P2; where α is a dimensionless parameter representing the calorific value of each cubic meter of natural gas combustion and the electricity consumed by the heat pump heating system to generate the equivalent calorific value; the controller acquires various parameters to calculate the target COP of the heat pump heating system. 热目 And query the COP in the performance information of the heat pump heating system. 热目 The corresponding target ambient temperature T2;

[0029] When the low-carbon mode is activated (T1>T2), the controller activates the heat pump heating system to heat the water tank until T1≤T2-β. Then, the controller shuts down the heat pump heating system and activates the gas heating system to heat the water tank until T1>T2, repeating this process. Here, β is the ambient temperature adjustment parameter. When the low-carbon mode is activated (T1≤T2), the controller activates the gas heating system to heat the water tank until T1≥T2+β. Then, the controller shuts down the gas heating system and activates the heat pump heating system to heat the water tank until T1≤T2, repeating this process.

[0030] As a further preferred embodiment of this technical solution, a fault detection module is also included. The fault detection module is configured to continuously detect whether there is a fault in the heat pump heating system or the gas heating system during the process of heating the water tank by the heat pump heating system or the gas heating system. If so, a shutdown command is sent to the controller to shut down the heat pump heating system or the gas heating system, and an alarm is issued to the user.

[0031] As a further preferred embodiment of this technical solution, the controller has a built-in gas heating system start-up temperature Tc and a gas heating system stop-down temperature Te. When T1>T2 and Tu≤Tc, the controller controls the gas heating system to start heating the water tank until Tu≥Te; wherein 30℃≤Tc≤55℃, 35℃≤Te≤60℃, and Te>Tc.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0033] 1. The dual-energy hot water device of this invention is equipped with a separate gas heating system and a heat pump heating system, and has two independent heat exchange systems based on the different heating principles of the two heating systems. The gas heating system has high instantaneous heating capacity and fast temperature rise, so the gas heating heat exchange tube is directly installed in the water tank to ensure maximum heat exchange efficiency and can be used for rapid heating and reheating. On the other hand, the heat pump heating system is external. The water in the water tank can circulate through the heat pump heating circulation outlet to achieve heat pump heat exchange. Since the heat pump heating system has strong heat exchange continuity and low heating cost, it can be used for heat preservation energy consumption or hot water circulation. The two heating systems do not interfere with each other and can achieve individual heating or combined heating. The operation and control of the dual heating system is simpler. Moreover, the use of two heat exchange systems for heat exchange not only ensures the long-term operation of the heat exchange systems, but also improves the heat exchange efficiency of different heat exchange systems in different heating systems.

[0034] 2. The gas heating system in this invention adopts an upward combustion method. The hot flue gas generated by the combustion unit first flows from the top of the water tank to the bottom of the water tank through the main heat exchange pipe, realizing the first heat exchange. Then, it flows from the bottom of the water tank to the top of the water tank through the secondary circulation heat exchange pipe and enters the flue gas diversion chamber, realizing the second heat exchange. At this time, the flue gas with residual heat flows from the top of the water tank to the bottom of the water tank through the flue gas condenser pipe and enters the flue gas condenser chamber, realizing the second heat exchange. Finally, the flue gas that has completed heat exchange is discharged through the flue gas exhaust pipe. This gas heating system can realize three heat exchanges between combustion heat and water storage, so that the heat exchange between the two can be fully exchanged, improving heat exchange efficiency while reducing heat loss and reducing resource waste.

[0035] 3. The heat pump heating system of this invention integrates the compressor, heat pump heat exchanger, and evaporator through a mounting frame. Multiple partitions within the mounting frame create multi-layered installation spaces for the individual assembly of each component. This not only achieves integration and standardization of all components within the mounting frame, improving the structural integration of the heat pump heating system and facilitating the standardization and productization of the overall dual-energy hot water device, but also enables modular assembly within different installation spaces, improving assembly efficiency and facilitating systematic management and maintenance of each modular component. Furthermore, the heat pump heating system is externally mounted to the water tank, resulting in higher overall integration and a more aesthetically pleasing appearance.

[0036] 4. The dual-energy hot water device of this invention is equipped with a load-bearing limiting beam at the bottom, which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the closed base and the mounting frame. The load-bearing limiting beam has a linear load-bearing surface, which has a stronger load-bearing capacity than the point load of the traditional support base, making it safer and more reliable for large equipment such as dual-energy hot water devices. Secondly, at least two load-bearing limiting beams are provided, and multiple load-bearing limiting beams are arranged parallel to each other and spaced apart. When the whole machine needs to be moved, the space between the load-bearing limiting beams can be used as the insertion space for forklift forks, thereby using forklift machinery to move the whole machine. Compared with the traditional hoisting and moving method, it is faster and safer, and less likely to damage the equipment.

[0037] 5. The dual-energy hot water device control system of this invention can respond to different user needs and external environmental conditions, automatically controlling the dual-energy hot water device to operate in the most suitable heating mode; and in different operating modes, it dynamically adjusts the usage ratio of gas and heat pump to ensure that while meeting user needs, it maximizes the overall energy efficiency of the system; in general, the dual-energy hot water device control system of this invention not only effectively reduces total energy consumption, but also significantly reduces user operating costs, avoids unnecessary energy waste, thereby achieving a more economical and environmentally friendly hot water supply, and improving energy utilization efficiency while reducing environmental burden. Attached Figure Description

[0038] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0039] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the dual-energy hot water device in this invention;

[0040] Figure 2 is a frontal projection view of Figure 1;

[0041] Figure 3 is a partial internal structure diagram of the dual-energy hot water device of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the gas heating system in this invention;

[0043] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the heat pump heating system in this invention;

[0044] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the dual-energy hot water device in this invention when providing heating;

[0045] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the dual-energy hot water device in this invention during defrosting.

[0046] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the control system of the dual-energy hot water device in this invention;

[0047] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the control method of the dual-energy hot water device control system in comfort mode in this invention;

[0048] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the control method of the dual-energy hot water device control system in the economic mode of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the control method of the dual-energy hot water device control system in low-carbon mode in this invention.

[0050] Figure 12 is a heat pump performance curve of a dual-energy hot water device provided in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Among them, 1-water tank, 2-cold water inlet, 3-hot water outlet, 4-combustion unit, 5-gas heating heat exchange tube, 501-main heat exchange tube, 502-secondary circulation heat exchange tube, 503-flue gas condenser tube, 6-flue gas exhaust pipe, 7-compressor, 8-heat pump heating heat exchanger, 9-evaporator, 10-heat pump heating circulation outlet, 11-heat pump heating circulation return outlet, 12-flue gas distribution chamber, 13-flue gas condenser chamber, 14-four-way valve. 15-Circulation pump, 16-Expansion valve, 17-Outer cylinder, 18-Mounting top cover, 19-Enclosed base, 20-Mounting bracket, 21-Horizontal partition, 2101-First partition, 2102-Second partition, 2103-Third partition, 22-Combustion air inlet, 23-Heat pump air inlet, 24-Load-bearing limiting beam, 25-Electronic anode, 26-Magnesium rod, 27-Pressure relief port, 28-Drain port, 29-Clean port, 30-Temperature sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] As shown in Figures 1 to 5, the dual-energy hot water device includes a gas heating system, a heat pump heating system, a water tank 1, and a control system. In this embodiment, the water tank 1 is cylindrical. The water tank 1 is provided with a cold water inlet 2 and a hot water outlet 3. The cold water inlet 2 is connected to the tap water supply pipe, and the hot water outlet 3 is connected to the hot water usage point.

[0055] The gas heating system includes a burner unit 4 and a gas heating heat exchange tube 5. The burner unit 4 is installed above the water tank 1, and the gas heating heat exchange tube 5 is installed inside the water tank 1. One end of the gas heating heat exchange tube 5 is connected to the burner unit 4, and one end of the gas heating heat exchange tube 5 is connected to a flue gas exhaust pipe 6.

[0056] The heat pump heating system includes a compressor 7, a heat pump heat exchanger 8, and an evaporator 9. The compressor 7, the heat pump heat exchanger 8, and the evaporator 9 are sequentially connected and integrated on the outside of the water tank 1. The water tank 1 is also provided with a heat pump heating circulation outlet 10 and a heat pump heating circulation return outlet 11. The heat pump heating circulation outlet 10 and the heat pump heating circulation return outlet 11 are respectively connected to the heat exchange circulation interface on the heat pump heat exchanger 8.

[0057] Temperature sensors 30 for acquiring the actual water temperature at the upper and lower parts of the water tank 1 are respectively installed in the upper and lower parts of the water tank 1. The temperature sensor 30 for measuring the water temperature at the upper part of the water tank 1 is an embedded temperature probe, which is installed on the upper end face of the water tank 1; the temperature sensor 30 for measuring the water temperature at the lower part of the water tank 1 is installed on the side wall of the water tank 1 and close to the cold water inlet 2.

[0058] The dual-energy hot water device in this embodiment is equipped with a separate gas heating system and a heat pump heating system, and the two heating systems are equipped with two independent heat exchange systems according to their different heating principles. Among them, since the gas heating system has high instantaneous heating capacity and rapid temperature rise, the gas heating heat exchange tube 5 is directly installed in the water tank 1 to ensure maximum heat exchange efficiency and can be used for rapid heating and reheating. The heat pump heating system is externally installed. The water in the water tank 1 can circulate through the heat pump heating circulation outlet 10 and the heat pump heating heat exchanger 8 to achieve heat pump heat exchange. Since the heat pump heating system has strong heat exchange continuity and low heating cost, it can be used for heat preservation energy consumption or hot water circulation. The two heating systems do not interfere with each other and can achieve individual heating or combined heating. It also facilitates the control system to control the operation of the two heating systems. In addition, using two heat exchange systems for heat exchange not only ensures the long-term operation of the heat exchange systems, but also improves the heat exchange efficiency of different heat exchange systems in different heating systems. At the same time, in case of emergency, such as the failure of one heating system, the other heating system can still operate independently without being affected.

[0059] Furthermore, those skilled in the art should understand that the combustion unit 4 in this embodiment includes a burner, a combustion chamber, a gas pipeline, an air supply pipeline, etc. More specifically, the burner is installed at the upper end of the gas heating heat exchange tube 5 for ignition and combustion of the gas. The combustion chamber extends into the gas heating heat exchange tube 5 and is connected to the burner to facilitate the spread of heat generated by combustion. The gas pipeline is connected to the burner to provide the gas required for combustion. The air supply pipeline is also connected to the burner to provide the oxygen required for combustion. It should be noted that since the combustion unit 4 is not the focus of this technical solution, and those skilled in the art can easily select and assemble the combustion unit 4 reasonably based on existing technology, its specific structure and working principle will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0060] Furthermore, regarding the gas heating system, the gas heating heat exchange tube 5 in this embodiment includes a vertically arranged main heat exchange tube 501, a secondary circulation heat exchange tube 502, and a flue gas condensing tube 503. A flue gas diversion chamber 12 is arranged above the water tank 1, and a flue gas condensing chamber 13 is arranged below the water tank 3. The upper end of the main heat exchange tube 501 is connected to the combustion unit 4, and the lower end of the main heat exchange tube 501 extends to the bottom of the water tank 1 and communicates with the lower end of the secondary circulation heat exchange tube 502. The upper end of the secondary circulation heat exchange tube 502 is connected to the flue gas diversion chamber 12. The two ends of the flue gas condensing tube 503 are respectively connected to the flue gas diversion chamber 12 and the flue gas condensing chamber 13. The lower end of the flue gas condensing chamber 13 is connected to the flue gas emission pipe 6.

[0061] The gas heating system 1 in this embodiment adopts an upward combustion method, and its working principle is as follows: The hot flue gas generated by the combustion of the combustion unit 101 first flows from the top of the water tank 1 to the bottom of the water tank 1 through the main heat exchange pipe 501 to achieve the first heat exchange. Then, it flows from the bottom of the water tank 1 back to the top of the water tank 3 through the secondary circulation heat exchange pipe 502 and enters the flue gas diversion chamber 12 to achieve the second circulation heat exchange. At this time, the flue gas with residual heat flows from the top of the water tank 1 to the bottom of the water tank 1 through the flue gas condenser pipe 503 and enters the flue gas condenser chamber 13 to achieve the second heat exchange. Finally, the flue gas that has completed the heat exchange is discharged through the flue gas exhaust pipe 6. This gas heating system can achieve three heat exchanges between the combustion heat and the stored water, so that the heat exchange between the two can be fully achieved, improving the heat exchange efficiency while reducing heat loss and reducing resource waste.

[0062] In addition, to ensure efficient and uniform heat exchange between the gas heating heat exchange tube 5 and the cold water in the water tank 1, the main heat exchange tube 501 is installed along the axial direction of the water tank 1. Multiple secondary circulation heat exchange tubes 502 and flue gas condenser tubes 503 are provided, and these multiple tubes are evenly installed around the main heat exchange tube. In this embodiment, four secondary circulation heat exchange tubes 1022 and eight flue gas condenser tubes 1023 are provided. Furthermore, to accommodate the gradual decrease in heat contained in the combustion flue gas during the three heat exchange processes, the diameters of the main heat exchange tube 501, secondary circulation heat exchange tube 502, and flue gas condenser tube 503 are also arranged in descending order. On the other hand, to ensure that the flue gas after heat exchange and the condensate generated in the flue gas condenser tube 1023 can be discharged more quickly, the lower end of the flue gas condensation chamber 9 is shaped like a funnel.

[0063] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the main heat exchange tube 501, the secondary circulation heat exchange tube 502, and the flue gas condenser tube 503 are all straight tubes. However, in more embodiments, while meeting the water storage capacity of the water tank 1 and the combustion efficiency of the combustion unit 4, spiral tubes, S-tubes, etc., can also be used to increase their heat exchange area.

[0064] Furthermore, regarding the heat pump heating system, in this embodiment, the medium outlet end of the compressor 7 is connected to the heat pump heating heat exchanger 8 and the evaporator 9 via a four-way valve 14; a circulation pump 15 is installed on the connecting pipe between the heat pump heating heat exchanger 8 and the heat pump heating circulation outlet 10, and an expansion valve 16 is installed on the connecting pipe between the heat pump heating heat exchanger 8 and the evaporator 9.

[0065] It should be clarified that the heat pump heating system circulates a working fluid medium, which is liquid at room temperature. The heat pump heating system achieves both heating and defrosting states through the four-way valve 14.

[0066] More specifically, the heat pump heat exchanger 8 in this embodiment is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, which includes an inner tube and an outer tube. The two ends of the inner tube are connected to the heat pump heating circulation outlet 10 and the heat pump heating circulation return outlet 11 on the water tank 1 through pipes. The circulating water to be heated flows in the inner tube. The two ends of the outer tube are connected to the compressor 7 and the evaporator 9 through pipes. The working medium for heat exchange flows in the outer tube. It should be noted that the flow direction in the inner tube and the outer tube is opposite.

[0067] The working principle of the heat pump heating system 1 in this embodiment is as follows: Referring to Figure 5, when the heat pump heating system is in heating mode and is started, the liquid working fluid can exchange heat with the outside air when passing through the evaporator 9. The function of the evaporator 9 is that when the outside air flows over the outer surface of the evaporator 9, the heat contained in the air is absorbed by the evaporator 9, and then the absorbed heat is transferred to the liquid working fluid flowing through the evaporator 9. After absorbing heat, the liquid working fluid will turn into a gaseous state and then be drawn into the compressor 7. The compressor 7 can compress the low-pressure working fluid gas into a high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid gas and send it into the heat pump heating heat exchanger 8. At this time, under the driving action of the circulating pump 15, the water in the water tank 1 will also be circulated. The working fluid circulates between the tank 1 and the heat pump heat exchanger 8, allowing them to exchange heat in the heat pump heat exchanger 8 to provide hot water. After heat exchange, the working fluid gas dissipates heat and transforms back into a liquid working fluid. It then flows back into the evaporator 9 after being throttled and cooled by the expansion valve 16. This cycle repeats, continuously "pumping" heat from the outside air into the water in the tank 1, gradually raising the water temperature. Referring to Figure 6, the heat pump heating system is in defrost mode. In this mode, the functions of the evaporator 9 and the heat pump heat exchanger 8 are reversed. The high-temperature, high-pressure working fluid gas compressed by the compressor 7 flows directly to the evaporator 9, thus defrosting the evaporator 9.

[0068] Furthermore, to ensure the normal and safe operation of the dual-energy hot water device in this embodiment, an electronic anode 25 and a magnesium rod 26 are installed inside the water tank 1. These two components work together to eliminate limescale and protect the inner tank. The water tank 1 is equipped with a pressure relief port 27, a drain port 28, and a cleaning port 29. A pressure relief valve is installed at the pressure relief port 27, which automatically opens to relieve pressure when the internal pressure of the water tank 1 becomes abnormal. This valve is located in the upper part of the side wall of the water tank 1. A drain valve is installed at the drain port 28, which can be manually opened to drain residual water from the water tank 1 when needed. This valve is located in the lower part of the side wall of the water tank 1. A sealing cap is installed at the cleaning port 29, which can be manually opened to facilitate cleaning of the inside of the water tank 1 when needed. This cap is located in the lower part of the side wall of the water tank 1.

[0069] Example 2

[0070] This embodiment is a further supplement to Embodiment 1. In this embodiment, the water tank 1 is also fitted with an outer cylinder 17. An insulation layer is filled between the outer cylinder 17 and the water tank 1 to improve the insulation capacity of the water tank 1. In addition, to enhance the aesthetics of the device, a mounting top cover 18 is connected to the upper end of the outer cylinder 17. The mounting top cover 18 covers the combustion unit 4, and the air supply pipe of the combustion unit 4 passes through the mounting top cover 18. The mounting top cover 18 is also provided with heat dissipation holes for the combustion unit 4 to dissipate heat. The bottom of the outer cylinder 17 is connected to a closed base 19. Multiple positioning connecting pieces for positioning and installation are provided on the upper end face of the closed base 19. These are mainly used to position the relative installation positions of the water tank 1 and the outer cylinder 17 to ensure that they are in a coaxial position, which facilitates the uniform filling of the insulation layer later.

[0071] Furthermore, the compressor 7, heat pump heat exchanger 8, and evaporator 9 are fixedly attached to the outer wall of the outer cylinder 17 via the mounting bracket 20. In this embodiment, the mounting bracket 20 has a rectangular frame structure, with its upper and lower end faces flush with the upper end face of the mounting top cover 18 and the lower end face of the closed base 19, respectively. In addition, the side connected to the outer cylinder 17 is open, and the mounting bracket 20 is cylindrical to fit the water tank 1. The side connected to the water tank 1 is set to an arc shape to fit the shape of the water tank 1. Multiple horizontal partitions 21 are arranged vertically and vertically inside the mounting bracket 20. The multiple horizontal partitions 21 form multiple installation spaces in the mounting bracket 20. The compressor 7, heat pump heat exchanger 8, and evaporator 9 are respectively installed in a separate installation space.

[0072] More specifically, the horizontal partition 21 includes a first partition 2101, a second partition 2102, and a third partition 2103 installed sequentially from top to bottom. The first partition 2101 and the mounting bracket 20 form a first mounting space for accommodating the air supply pipe end of the combustion unit 4. The position of the first mounting space corresponds to the mounting top cover 18. In addition, the heat dissipation holes provided on the mounting top cover 18 are also covered by the first mounting space. A combustion air inlet 22 is opened on the mounting bracket corresponding to the area of ​​the first mounting space. The combustion air inlet 22 is located on the side plate of the mounting bracket 20.

[0073] The first partition 2101, the second partition 2102, and the mounting bracket 20 form a second mounting space for accommodating the evaporator 9. A heat pump air inlet 23 is provided on the mounting bracket 20 corresponding to the area of ​​the second mounting space. The evaporator plate of the evaporator 9 is vertically mounted on the back plate of the mounting bracket 20. A fan mounting port is provided on the back plate of the mounting bracket 20 corresponding to the position of the evaporator plate 9. The fan mounting port is used to install the evaporator fan. Outside air enters the second mounting space through the heat pump air inlet 23, and undergoes heat exchange after contacting the evaporator plate. Then, it is discharged from the second mounting space through the evaporator fan.

[0074] The second partition 2102, the third partition 2103 and the mounting bracket 20 form a third mounting space for accommodating the heat pump heating heat exchanger 8, and the heat pump heating heat exchanger 8 is fixedly mounted on the third partition 2103 by the heat exchanger base.

[0075] The third partition 2103 and the mounting bracket 20 form a fourth mounting space for mounting the compressor 7, and the compressor 7 is fixedly mounted on the base plate of the mounting bracket 20 by a compressor base.

[0076] In this embodiment, the compressor 7, heat pump heat exchanger 8, and evaporator 9 are integrated and assembled using a mounting frame. Multiple partitions 21 are also installed within the mounting frame 20 to form multi-layered installation spaces for the individual assembly of each component. This not only achieves integration and unification of all components within the mounting frame, improving the structural integration of the heat pump heating system and facilitating the standardization and productization of the overall dual-energy hot water device, but also enables modular assembly within different installation spaces, improving assembly efficiency and facilitating systematic management and maintenance of each modular component. Furthermore, the heat pump heating system is externally mounted to the water tank 1, resulting in higher integration and a more aesthetically pleasing appearance for the entire device.

[0077] Furthermore, at least two load-bearing limiting beams 24 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the closed base 19 and the mounting bracket 20, which are parallel to each other and spaced apart. In this embodiment, there are two load-bearing limiting beams 24.

[0078] The load-bearing limiting beam 24 has a linear load-bearing surface, which has a stronger load-bearing capacity than the point load-bearing of traditional support bases, making it safer and more reliable for large equipment such as dual-energy hot water devices. Secondly, the two load-bearing limiting beams 24 are parallel to each other and spaced apart. When the whole machine needs to be moved, the space between the two load-bearing limiting beams 24 can be used as the insertion space for forklift forks, so that the whole machine can be moved by forklift machinery. Compared with the traditional hoisting and moving method, it is faster and safer, and less likely to damage the equipment.

[0079] Example 3

[0080] As shown in Figure 8, this embodiment also provides a dual-energy hot water device control system for controlling the above-mentioned dual-energy hot water device, including:

[0081] The control panel is used to receive user input of desired water temperature Ts and operating mode selection, wherein the operating modes include at least comfort mode, economy mode and low carbon mode.

[0082] The temperature acquisition module is used to acquire the actual temperature Tu at the top of the water tank, the actual temperature Td at the bottom of the water tank, the hysteresis temperature Ta of the gas heating system, and the hysteresis temperature Tb of the heat pump heating system, respectively.

[0083] The controller, connected to both the control panel and the temperature acquisition module, is configured as follows:

[0084] As shown in Figure 9, when a user selects the comfort mode to meet a large demand for hot water, the controller continuously acquires temperature data transmitted by the temperature acquisition module. When Td ≤ Ts - Tb, the controller activates the heat pump heating system to heat the water tank until Td ≥ Ts. At this point, the controller shuts down the heat pump heating system and continues to acquire the temperature data. When Tu ≤ Ts - Ta, the controller activates the gas heating system to heat the water tank until Tu ≥ Ts. At this point, the controller shuts down the gas heating system and continues to acquire the temperature data.

[0085] In this embodiment, the heat pump heating system is activated when the temperature at the bottom of the water tank drops. At this point, although the temperature at the bottom of the tank decreases, there is still a relatively sufficient amount of hot water stored in the tank. The heat pump heating system will intervene at this time, slowly heating the water in the entire tank to achieve efficient energy utilization, ensuring that energy savings are maximized while meeting the instantaneous demand for large amounts of hot water. The gas heating system is activated when the temperature at the top of the water tank drops, at which point the hot water in the tank is about to be depleted. The gas heating system will then quickly intervene. The gas heating system features rapid heating; it will immediately heat the water at the top of the tank to ensure that users still have a sufficient supply of hot water even when the demand is high.

[0086] In this mode, the invention prioritizes meeting the user's large hot water demand while fully considering the heating characteristics of both heat pump and gas heating systems, as well as the temperature variation characteristics of the water in the tank. Specifically, although heat pump heating systems have high energy efficiency, their power is relatively low, thus limiting their ability to quickly replenish heat and meet the user's instantaneous demand for large amounts of hot water in a short time. Therefore, heat pump heating systems are mainly used as the primary heating method in non-water or low-water usage states, maintaining a stable water temperature in the tank through slow heating over a longer period, thereby achieving energy-saving effects.

[0087] On the other hand, gas heating systems are characterized by rapid heating, quickly raising the water temperature when users require large amounts of hot water. However, the heating characteristics of gas heating systems mean they cannot effectively heat the entire tank, easily leading to significant stratification of hot and cold water within the tank. When users use hot water, the water temperature changes rapidly, and the gas heating system operates for an extended period, continuously emitting carbon dioxide (CO2), making it relatively less environmentally friendly. Nevertheless, gas heating systems can provide a sufficient supply of hot water when users experience sudden surges in demand, compensating for the shortcomings of heat pump heating systems.

[0088] This mode cleverly combines the advantages of heat pump heating systems and gas heating systems, achieving a balance between energy efficiency and performance. Under normal circumstances, the heat pump heating system operates in the normal heating mode, maintaining the basic water temperature in the tank. When users require a large amount of hot water, the gas heating system quickly intervenes to provide rapid heat replenishment, thus meeting the needs of high-demand hot water usage scenarios. It is worth noting that in this mode, the control processes of the heat pump heating system and the gas heating system are independent of each other; that is, the on / off operation of one does not directly affect the on / off operation of the other. This design ensures that both systems can operate flexibly and efficiently, leveraging their respective advantages while avoiding interference between systems, achieving a stable and reliable hot water supply.

[0089] In some preferred embodiments, a fault detection mechanism is also provided to ensure the normal operation of the dual-energy hot water device. Specifically, during the process of heating the water tank by the heat pump heating system or the gas heating system, the system continuously monitors for faults in the heat pump heating system or the gas heating system. If a fault is detected, the heat pump heating system or the gas heating system is shut down, and an alarm is issued to the user. In other preferred embodiments, a corresponding fault detection or elimination mechanism can be set up before the dual-energy hot water device is powered on and enters the working state to ensure that the system is in a normal working state at startup. Such fault detection and elimination mechanisms are conventional technologies in the art, and this invention does not further limit them. Obviously, in a dual-energy system, if any heating system fails, in addition to shutting down the corresponding failed system and issuing an alarm, the system will automatically switch to the other normally operating heating system to ensure the continuity and stability of the hot water supply. This design not only improves the reliability of the system but also avoids the interruption of hot water supply due to a single system failure, providing users with a safer and more stable user experience.

[0090] It should be noted that the comfort mode described in this embodiment constitutes the underlying control logic of the present invention, serving as the basic operating framework of the system. Based on this, the control logic for subsequent different operating modes (such as economy mode and low-carbon mode) supplements and expands upon the underlying control logic. These supplementary logics are adjusted according to specific user needs and external conditions (such as electricity prices, gas prices, ambient temperature, etc.) to achieve more optimized energy management and cost control.

[0091] Therefore, the system always operates based on the comfort mode control logic. When users need to meet a large amount of instantaneous hot water demand, the system will operate according to the comfort mode control logic. In other situations (such as non-water use or low water use), the system will select the appropriate control strategy according to the current mode setting, thereby providing the best hot water supply solution in different usage scenarios. Through this hierarchical control logic, this invention ensures the organic unity of flexibility, efficiency, and user experience.

[0092] Example 4

[0093] This embodiment is based on the above embodiment 3. As shown in Figure 10, this embodiment provides a dual-energy hot water device control method under an economic mode that aims to minimize energy costs while meeting basic hot water needs. In this case, the dual-energy hot water device control system further includes:

[0094] An economic parameter acquisition module, connected to the controller, is used to acquire the current electricity price C1, natural gas price C2, and current ambient temperature T1, and to query the performance information of the heat pump heating system and the thermal efficiency η of the gas heating system. The performance information of the heat pump heating system consists of basic parameters fixed at the time of manufacture of the dual-energy water heater, typically presented as a COP curve. Similarly, the thermal efficiency η of the gas heating system is also a fixed parameter included with the dual-energy water heater at the time of manufacture.

[0095] The controller is also configured to select an economy mode when the user aims for the lowest energy cost while meeting basic hot water needs. The controller has a built-in target COP for the heat pump heating system. 热目 Calculation formula: COP 热目 = α × η × C1 / C2; where α is a dimensionless parameter representing the calorific value of each cubic meter of natural gas combustion and the electricity consumed by the heat pump heating system to generate the equivalent calorific value; the controller acquires various parameters to calculate the target COP of the heat pump heating system. 热 目 And query the COP in the performance information of the heat pump heating system. 热目 The corresponding target ambient temperature T2.

[0096] The thought process behind proposing this calculation formula in this embodiment is explained below:

[0097] The core objective of this model is to select the most suitable heating system based on current electricity and gas prices and operating conditions to minimize energy costs. To achieve this, it is necessary to find the critical condition under which the costs are equal when using only a heat pump heating system versus only a gas heating system. Specifically, by calculating the COP (Coefficient of Performance) of the heat pump heating system, we can determine under what conditions the operating costs of the two heating systems are the same, i.e., C1 / COP. 热目 =C2 / (α×η); After mathematical transformation, the target COP of the above heat pump heating system is obtained. 热目 The calculation formula is as follows. Those skilled in the art will know that the calorific value of natural gas per cubic meter is generally between 8000 and 8500 kcal, and 1 kcal equals 4.1868 kJ. Therefore, the calorific value of natural gas per cubic meter is between 33494.4 kJ and 35587.8 kJ. The calorific value of 1 kilowatt-hour (kWh) of electricity is 850 kilocalories, equivalent to 3.6 × 10^3 kJ. Therefore, the heat energy produced by burning 1 cubic meter of natural gas is equivalent to the heat energy produced by 9.3 to 9.88 kilowatt-hours of electricity. Therefore, α can be taken between 9.3 and 9.88, and preferably, the intermediate value of 9.6.

[0098] When the economic mode is activated (T1 > T2), the controller activates the heat pump heating system to heat the water tank until T1 ≤ T2 - β. Then, the controller shuts down the heat pump heating system and activates the gas heating system to heat the water tank until T1 > T2, repeating this process. Here, β is the ambient temperature regulation parameter. It should be understood that setting a certain temperature hysteresis between the heat pump heating system and the gas heating system in the subsequent time period avoids frequent switching of the dual-system heat sources due to changes in ambient temperature, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the entire dual-energy water heating device. β defaults to 2; if the temperature at the installation location of the dual-energy water heating device changes rapidly, the β value can be appropriately increased.

[0099] When the economic mode is activated, T1 ≤ T2, and the actual COP value of the heat pump heating system during operation is lower than the COP. 热目 At this point, the cost of using a heat pump heating system is higher than that of using a gas heating system. Therefore, the gas heating system should be used to heat the water tank first, until T1≥T2+β. Then, turn off the gas heating system and start the heat pump heating system to heat the water tank until T1≤T2. Repeat this process.

[0100] The following is a practical example to further illustrate this point.

[0101] In a certain area, commercial electricity costs 0.86 yuan / kW·h, and commercial gas costs 3.23 yuan / m³. 3 The gas engine has a thermal efficiency of 105%, and α is taken as 9.6. The COP can be calculated as follows: 热目 =9.6 * 105% * 0.86 / 3.23 ≈ 2.7. Referring to the heat pump performance curve shown in Figure 12, the corresponding target ambient temperature is approximately 4℃. This means that when the ambient temperature is above 4℃, the actual COP value of the heat pump heating system will usually be higher than 2.7. Therefore, in this case, the heat pump heating system should be used first to heat the water tank to achieve higher energy efficiency and cost savings. Conversely, when the ambient temperature is below 4℃, the actual COP value of the heat pump heating system may be lower than 2.7. In this case, the gas heating system should be switched to. The gas heating system can provide a more stable and efficient heating effect in this situation, ensuring that the user's hot water needs are met promptly.

[0102] It should be understood that the above control logic applies to heating control in non-water or low-water-use states. When the system is in these states, based on the ambient temperature and the actual COP value of the heat pump heating system, the system will automatically switch between the heat pump heating system and the gas heating system to maximize energy efficiency. However, when the user requires a large instantaneous supply of hot water, the system should automatically switch to the conventional control method provided in Example 1. In this case, the gas heating system will be activated first to ensure that the user's hot water demand is met promptly, while the heat pump heating system continues as an auxiliary heating method to ensure a continuous and sufficient supply of hot water.

[0103] Example 5

[0104] This embodiment is based on the above embodiment 3. As shown in Figure 11, this embodiment provides a control method for a dual-energy hot water device in a low-carbon mode with the goal of minimizing carbon emissions and meeting basic hot water needs. In this case, the dual-energy hot water device control system further includes:

[0105] An economic parameter acquisition module, connected to the controller, is used to acquire the electricity carbon emission factor P1, the natural gas carbon emission factor P2, and the current ambient temperature T1, and to query the performance information of the heat pump heating system and the thermal efficiency η of the gas heating system. The electricity carbon emission factor P1 depends on the local power source and can generally be automatically acquired via network connection or manually input. The natural gas carbon emission factor P2 represents the carbon emission rate at 1m... 3 Based on current technology, the CO2 emissions from natural gas combustion are estimated to be 1.9 kg / m³. 3 Those skilled in the art can make manual corrections based on this.

[0106] The controller is also configured to select a low-carbon mode when the user aims for minimal carbon emissions while meeting basic hot water needs. The controller has a built-in target COP for the heat pump heating system. 热目 Calculation formula: COP 热目 = α × η × P1 / P2; where α is a dimensionless parameter representing the calorific value of each cubic meter of natural gas combustion and the electricity consumed by the heat pump heating system to generate the equivalent calorific value; the controller acquires various parameters to calculate the target COP of the heat pump heating system. 热目 And query the COP in the performance information of the heat pump heating system. 热目 The corresponding target ambient temperature T2.

[0107] The thought process behind proposing this calculation formula in this embodiment is explained below:

[0108] The core objective of this model is to select the most suitable heating system based on local electricity carbon emission factors and operating conditions to minimize carbon emissions. To this end, it is necessary to find the critical condition where carbon emissions are equal when using only a heat pump heating system versus only a gas heating system. Specifically, P1 / COP 热目 =P2 / (α×η); After mathematical transformation, the target COP of the above heat pump heating system is obtained. 热目 The calculation formula.

[0109] When the low-carbon mode is activated, T1 > T2, and the actual COP value of the heat pump heating system during operation is higher than the stated COP. 热目 At this point, the carbon emissions from using a heat pump heating system are lower than those from using a gas heating system. Therefore, the heat pump heating system should be used to heat the water tank until T1 ≤ T2 - β. Then, the heat pump heating system should be turned off and the gas heating system should be started to heat the water tank until T1 > T2. This process should be repeated. Here, β is the ambient temperature adjustment parameter.

[0110] When the low-carbon mode is activated, T1 ≤ T2, and the actual COP value of the heat pump heating system during operation is lower than the COP. 热目 At this point, the carbon emissions from using a heat pump heating system are higher than those from using a gas heating system. Therefore, the gas heating system should be used to heat the water tank first, until T1≥T2+β. Then, the gas heating system should be turned off and the heat pump heating system should be started to heat the water tank, until T1≤T2. This process should be repeated.

[0111] The following is a practical example to further illustrate this point.

[0112] In a certain region, the carbon emission factor for electricity is 0.45 kg CO2 / kWh, and the carbon emission factor for natural gas is 1.9 kg CO2 / m³. 3 The gas engine has a thermal efficiency of 105%, and α is taken as 9.6. The COP can be calculated as follows: 热目 =9.6 * 105% * 0.45 / 1.9 ≈ 2.4. Referring to the heat pump performance curve shown in Figure 12, the corresponding target ambient temperature is approximately 2℃. This means that when the ambient temperature is above 2℃, the actual COP value of the heat pump heating system will usually be higher than 2.4. Therefore, in this case, the heat pump heating system should be used first to heat the water tank to achieve higher energy efficiency and reduce carbon emissions. Conversely, when the ambient temperature is below 2℃, the actual COP value of the heat pump heating system may be lower than 2.4. In this case, the gas heating system should be switched to, as it provides a more stable and efficient heating effect, ensuring that the user's hot water needs are met promptly.

[0113] It should be understood that the above control logic applies to heating control in non-water or low-water-use states. When the system is in these states, based on the ambient temperature and the actual COP value of the heat pump heating system, the system will automatically switch between the heat pump heating system and the gas heating system to achieve the lowest possible carbon emissions. However, when the user requires a large instantaneous supply of hot water, the system should automatically switch to the conventional control method provided in Example 1. In this case, the gas heating system will be activated first to ensure that the user's hot water demand is met promptly, while the heat pump heating system continues as an auxiliary heating method to ensure a continuous and sufficient supply of hot water.

[0114] Example 6

[0115] This embodiment is based on the above-described embodiments 4 or 5. Considering that in the economic or low-carbon modes, when the ambient temperature is low, the decrease in water temperature in the tank may exceed the heating capacity of the heat pump system. In this case, the water temperature in the tank will inevitably continue to decrease, even falling far below the user's desired water temperature. This means that even when using a gas heating system, the water temperature will rise slowly or fluctuate significantly, affecting the user experience and potentially damaging the dual-energy water heater. Therefore, a forced pre-start / stop mechanism for the gas heating system is needed. Specifically, this includes:

[0116] The controller has a built-in gas heating system start-up temperature Tc and a gas heating system stop-down temperature Te. When T1>T2 and Tu≤Tc, the controller controls the gas heating system to start heating the water tank until Tu≥Te; where 30℃≤Tc≤55℃, 35℃≤Te≤60℃, and Te>Tc.

[0117] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-energy hot water device, comprising a gas heating system, a heat pump heating system, and a water tank (1), wherein the water tank (1) is provided with a cold water inlet (2) and a hot water outlet (3), characterized in that, The gas heating system includes a burner unit (4) and a gas heating heat exchange tube (5). The burner unit (4) is installed above the water tank (1). The gas heating heat exchange tube (5) is installed inside the water tank (1). One end of the gas heating heat exchange tube (5) is connected to the burner unit (4). One end of the gas heating heat exchange tube (5) is connected to a flue gas exhaust pipe (6). The heat pump heating system includes a compressor (7), a heat pump heating heat exchanger (8), and an evaporator (9). The compressor (7), the heat pump heating heat exchanger (8), and the evaporator (9) are sequentially connected and integrated on the outside of the water tank (1). The water tank (1) is provided with a heat pump heating circulation outlet (10) and a heat pump heating circulation return outlet (11), which are respectively connected to the heat exchange circulation interface on the heat pump heating heat exchanger (8); temperature sensors (30) for obtaining the actual water temperature of the upper and lower parts of the water tank (1) are respectively provided in the upper and lower parts of the water tank (1).

2. The dual-energy hot water device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas heating heat exchange tube (5) includes a vertically arranged main heat exchange tube (501), a secondary circulation heat exchange tube (502), and a flue gas condenser tube (503). A flue gas diversion chamber (12) is arranged above the water tank (1), and a flue gas condenser chamber (13) is arranged below the water tank (3). The upper end of the main heat exchange tube (501) is connected to the combustion unit (4), and the lower end of the main heat exchange tube (501) extends to the bottom of the water tank (1) and communicates with the lower end of the secondary circulation heat exchange tube (502). The upper end of the secondary circulation heat exchange tube (502) is connected to the flue gas diversion chamber (12). The two ends of the flue gas condenser tube (503) are respectively connected to the flue gas diversion chamber (12) and the flue gas condenser chamber (13). The lower end of the flue gas condenser chamber (13) is connected to the flue gas discharge pipe (6).

3. The dual-energy hot water device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The medium outlet end of the compressor (7) is connected to the heat pump heating heat exchanger (8) and the evaporator (9) through a four-way valve (14); a circulation pump (15) is provided on the connecting pipe between the heat pump heating heat exchanger (8) and the heat pump heating circulation outlet (10); and an expansion valve (16) is provided on the connecting pipe between the heat pump heating heat exchanger (8) and the evaporator (9).

4. The dual-energy hot water device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water tank (1) is also fitted with an outer cylinder (17), and the upper end of the outer cylinder (17) is connected to an installation top cover (18). The installation top cover (18) covers the combustion unit (4), and the air supply pipe of the combustion unit (4) passes through the installation top cover (18). The installation top cover (18) is also provided with heat dissipation holes for heat dissipation of the combustion unit (4). The bottom of the outer cylinder (17) is connected to a closed base (19).

5. The dual-energy hot water device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The compressor (7), heat pump heat exchanger (8), and evaporator (9) are fixedly attached to the outer wall of the outer cylinder (17) by a mounting bracket (20). The side of the mounting bracket (20) connected to the outer cylinder (17) is open. Multiple horizontal partitions (21) are arranged vertically and vertically inside the mounting bracket (20). The multiple horizontal partitions (21) form multiple installation spaces in the mounting bracket (20). The compressor (7), heat pump heat exchanger (8), and evaporator (9) are respectively installed in a separate installation space.

6. The dual-energy hot water device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The horizontal partition (21) includes a first partition (2101), a second partition (2102), and a third partition (2103) installed sequentially from top to bottom. The first partition (2101) and the mounting bracket (20) form a first mounting space for accommodating the air supply duct end of the combustion unit (4). The position of the first mounting space corresponds to the mounting top cover (18), and a combustion air inlet (22) is provided on the mounting bracket (20) corresponding to the area of ​​the first mounting space. The second partition (2102) and the mounting bracket (20) form a second mounting space for accommodating the evaporator (9), and a heat pump air inlet (23) is provided on the mounting bracket (20) corresponding to the area of ​​the second mounting space; the second partition (2102), the third partition (2103) and the mounting bracket (20) form a third mounting space for accommodating the heat pump heating heat exchanger (8); the third partition (2103) and the mounting bracket (20) form a fourth mounting space for mounting the compressor (7).

7. The dual-energy hot water device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The lower end face of the closed base (19) is flush with the lower end face of the mounting frame (20), and at least two load-bearing limiting beams (24) are fixedly installed at the bottom of the closed base (19) and the mounting frame (20) and are parallel to each other and spaced apart.

8. A control system for controlling a dual-energy hot water device as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, include: The control panel is used to receive user input of desired water temperature Ts and operating mode selection, wherein the operating modes include at least comfort mode, economy mode and low carbon mode. The temperature acquisition module is used to acquire the actual temperature Tu at the top of the water tank, the actual temperature Td at the bottom of the water tank, the hysteresis temperature Ta of the gas heating system, and the hysteresis temperature Tb of the heat pump heating system, respectively. The controller, connected to the control panel, temperature acquisition module, gas heating system, and heat pump heating system respectively, is configured as follows: When a user selects the comfort mode to meet a large demand for hot water, the controller continuously acquires temperature data transmitted by the temperature acquisition module. When Td ≤ Ts - Tb, the controller activates the heat pump heating system to heat the water tank until Td ≥ Ts. At this point, the controller shuts down the heat pump heating system and continues to acquire the temperature data. When Tu ≤ Ts - Ta, the controller activates the gas heating system to heat the water tank until Tu ≥ Ts. At this point, the controller shuts down the gas heating system and continues to acquire the temperature data.

9. The dual-energy hot water device control system as described in claim 8, characterized in that, include: It also includes an economic parameter acquisition module, which is connected to the controller, and is used to acquire the current electricity price C1, natural gas price C2 and current ambient temperature T1, and query the performance information of the heat pump heating system and the thermal efficiency η of the gas heating system. The controller is also configured to select an economy mode when the user aims for the lowest energy cost while meeting basic hot water needs. The controller has a built-in target COP for the heat pump heating system. 热目 Calculation formula: COP 热目 = α × η × C1 / C2; where α is a dimensionless parameter representing the calorific value of each cubic meter of natural gas combustion and the electricity consumed by the heat pump heating system to generate the equivalent calorific value; the controller acquires various parameters to calculate the target COP of the heat pump heating system. 热 目 And query the COP in the performance information of the heat pump heating system. 热目 The corresponding target ambient temperature T2; When the economic mode is activated (T1>T2), the controller activates the heat pump heating system to heat the water tank until T1≤T2-β. Then, the controller shuts down the heat pump heating system and activates the gas heating system to heat the water tank until T1>T2, repeating this process. Here, β is the ambient temperature adjustment parameter. When the economic mode is activated (T1≤T2), the controller activates the gas heating system to heat the water tank until T1≥T2+β. Then, the controller shuts down the gas heating system and activates the heat pump heating system to heat the water tank until T1≤T2, repeating this process.

10. The dual-energy hot water device control system as described in claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes an economic parameter acquisition module, which is connected to the controller and is used to acquire the electricity carbon emission factor P1, the natural gas carbon emission factor P2 and the current ambient temperature T1, and query the performance information of the heat pump heating system and the thermal efficiency η of the gas heating system. The controller is also configured to select a low-carbon mode when the user aims for minimal carbon emissions while meeting basic hot water needs. The controller has a built-in target COP for the heat pump heating system. 热目 Calculation formula: COP 热目 = α × η × P1 / P2; where α is a dimensionless parameter representing the calorific value of each cubic meter of natural gas combustion and the electricity consumed by the heat pump heating system to generate the equivalent calorific value; the controller acquires various parameters to calculate the target COP of the heat pump heating system. 热目 And query the COP in the performance information of the heat pump heating system. 热目 The corresponding target ambient temperature T2; When the low-carbon mode is activated (T1>T2), the controller activates the heat pump heating system to heat the water tank until T1≤T2-β. Then, the controller shuts down the heat pump heating system and activates the gas heating system to heat the water tank until T1>T2, repeating this process. Here, β is the ambient temperature adjustment parameter. When the low-carbon mode is activated (T1≤T2), the controller activates the gas heating system to heat the water tank until T1≥T2+β. Then, the controller shuts down the gas heating system and activates the heat pump heating system to heat the water tank until T1≤T2, repeating this process.

11. The dual-energy hot water device control system as described in claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a fault detection module, which is configured to continuously detect whether there is a fault in the heat pump heating system or the gas heating system during the process of heating the water tank. If so, it sends a shutdown command to the controller to shut down the heat pump heating system or the gas heating system and alerts the user.

12. The dual-energy hot water device control system as described in claim 9 or 10, wherein the controller has a built-in gas heating system start-up temperature Tc and a gas heating system stop-down temperature Te. When T1>T2 and Tu≤Tc, the controller controls the gas heating system to start heating the water tank until Tu≥Te; wherein 30℃≤Tc≤55℃, 35℃≤Te≤60℃, and Te>Tc.

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