Pest control composition and method for controlling plant disease or plant pest

Abstract

This pest control composition contains a component (1) and a component (2), wherein: the component (1) is an isoxazoline-based or metadiamide-based compound; and the component (2) is a phenylpyrazole-based compound, a compound acting as a mitochondrial electron transfer system complex III inhibitor, a compound acting as a glutamic-acid-activated chlorine ion channel allosteric modulator, a compound acting as a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor competitive modulator, a compound acting as a chord organ TRPV channel modulator, a compound acting as an acetyl CoA carboxylase inhibitor, a pyrethroid-based compound, benzpyrimoxan, fluhexafon, tyclopyrazoflor, indazapyroxamet, tiapyrachlor, flupyroxystrobin, or cybenzoxasulfyl.

Description

Pest control composition and method for controlling plant diseases or phytopathogenic pests

[0007]

[0001] The present invention relates to a pest control composition and a method for controlling plant diseases or phytopathogenic pests. This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2024-193485 filed in Japan on November 5, 2024, and incorporates its content herein by reference.

[0002] Conventionally, in the fields of agriculture and horticulture, compositions suitable for controlling pests such as insects, pathogens, and weeds have been commonly used to control pests. Furthermore, for the purpose of simultaneously controlling various pests, etc., mixed compositions containing a plurality of active ingredients have been used. Also, for reasons such as reducing the work burden on users, there are cases where a drug (mixture) containing two or more active ingredients is treated, or several drugs are mixed by tank mixing in a farm field, etc., and drugs with multiple components are treated simultaneously.

[0003] On the other hand, due to the use of drugs over many years, resistant pests that have acquired resistance to drugs have emerged, and the situations where it has become difficult to control pests with conventional drugs have been increasing. For this reason, new pest control agents have been constantly required. Also, for the purpose of reducing the risk of occurrence of resistant pests, the use of mixtures combining active ingredients having different actions has been carried out (for example, refer to Patent Documents 1 to 3).

[0004] International Publication No. 2015 / 055752, International Publication No. 2015 / 055757, International Publication No. 2022 / 018745[[ID=​​​​​​​The present invention includes the following embodiments: [1] A pest control composition comprising a pest control active ingredient (1) and a pest control active ingredient (2), wherein the pest control active ingredient (1) is one or more selected from the group consisting of isoxazoline and metadiamide compounds that act as GABA-gated chloride ion channel allosteric modulators, and the pest control active ingredient (2) is a phenylpyrazole compound, a compound that acts as a mitochondrial electron transport chain complex III inhibitor, a glutamate-gated chloride ion channel allosteric modulator, and A pest control composition comprising one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of compounds that act as, compounds that act as, competitive modulators of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, compounds that act as TRPV channel modulators for chordal organs, compounds that act as acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitors, pyrethroid compounds that act as sodium channel modulators, benzpyrimoxane, fluhexafone, ticlopyrazoflor, indazapyroxamato, thiapyrachlor, flupyroxystrobin, and cibenzoxasulfyl. [2] The pest control composition according to [1], wherein the pest control active ingredient (1) is one or more selected from the group consisting of proflanilide, cyprofuranilide, piperflanilide, fluxamethamide, and isocycloceram, and the pest control active ingredient (2) is one or more selected from the group consisting of nicoflurprole, benzpyrimoxane, fluhexafone, flomethoquin, lepimectin, flupyradiflon, pyriflurquinazone, ticlopyrazoflor, fenmezoditiaz, indazapyroxamato, thiapyrachlor, flupyroxystrobin, spidoxamato, cibenzoxasulfyl, pyriprole, epsilonmonfluorothrin, meparfluthrin, and dimefluthrin. [3] The pest control composition according to [1] or [2], wherein the pest control active ingredient (1) is one or more selected from the group consisting of brofuranilide, cyprofuranilide, and piperfuranilide. [4] The pest control composition according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the pest control active ingredient (1) is brofuranilide or cyprofuranilide.[5] The pest control composition according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the active pest control component (1) is brofuranilide. [6] The pest control composition according to [1] or [2], wherein the active pest control component (1) is one or more selected from the group consisting of isocycloceram and fluxamethamide. [7] The pest control composition according to any one of [1], [2] or [6], wherein the active pest control component (1) is isocycloceram. [8] The pest control composition according to any one of [1] to [7], wherein the pest is at least one insect selected from the group consisting of harmful arthropods, harmful mollusks and harmful nematodes. [9] The pest control composition according to [5], wherein the pest is at least one insect selected from the group consisting of harmful arthropods, harmful mollusks and harmful nematodes.

[10] The pest control composition according to [7], wherein the pest is at least one insect selected from the group consisting of harmful arthropods, harmful mollusks, and harmful nematodes.

[11] The pest control composition according to [8], wherein the pest is at least one insect selected from harmful arthropods.

[12] The pest control composition according to [8] or [9], wherein the pest is at least one insect selected from the group consisting of thrips, flies, true bugs, lepidoptera, cockroaches, and mites.

[13] The pest control composition according to any one of [8] to

[10] , wherein the pest is at least one insect selected from the group consisting of thripidae, leafminers, cucumbers, true bugs, whiteflies, mealybugs, noctuidae, diamondback moths, cockroaches, and spider mites.

[14] A pest control composition according to any one of [8] to

[11] , wherein the pest is at least one insect selected from the group consisting of the western flower thrips, tomato leafminer, Aedes aegypti, peach aphid, cotton aphid, bed bug, tobacco whitefly, beet armyworm, armyworm, tobacco budworm, diamondback moth, German cockroach, and two-spotted spider mite.

[15] A method for controlling plant diseases, plant pests, or sanitary pests, comprising applying the pest control composition according to any one of [1] to

[12] to plants, seeds, soil, facilities, or living spaces.A method for controlling plant diseases, plant pests, or sanitary pests, comprising applying the pest control composition described in

[16] [5] to plants, seeds, soil, facilities, or living spaces.

[0008]

[17] A pest control composition comprising a pest control active ingredient (1) and a pest control active ingredient (2), wherein the pest control active ingredient (1) is one or more selected from the group consisting of profuranilide, cyprofranilide, piperfuranilide, fluxamethamide, and isocycloceram, and the pest control active ingredient (2) is nicoflurprole, benzpyrimoxane, fluhexafone, flomethoquin, lepimectin, flupyradiflon, pyriflurquinazone, ticlopyrazoflor, fenmezoditiaz, and indazapyroxane A pest control composition comprising one or more selected from the group consisting of mato, thiapyrachlor, flupyroxystrobin, spidoxamato, cibenzoxasulfyl, pyriprole, epsilonmonfluorothrin, meparfluthrin, and dimefluthrin, wherein the pest is at least one insect selected from the group consisting of tomato leafminer, Aedes aegypti mosquito, peach aphid, cotton aphid, bed bug, tobacco whitefly, beet armyworm, armyworm, tobacco budworm, diamondback moth, German cockroach, and two-spotted spider mite.

[0009]

[18] A pest control composition comprising a pest control active ingredient (1) and a pest control active ingredient (2), wherein the pest control active ingredient (1) is brofuranilide, the pest control active ingredient (2) is flupyradiflon, and the pest is at least one insect selected from the group consisting of thrips, flies, true bugs, lepidoptera, cockroaches and mites.

[19] A pest control composition comprising a pest control active ingredient (1) and a pest control active ingredient (2), wherein the pest control active ingredient (1) is brofuranilide, the pest control active ingredient (2) is flupyradiflon, and the pest is at least one insect selected from the group consisting of the families Thripsidae, Leafminers, Culicidae, Pentatomidae, Whiteflies, Mealybugs, Noctuidae, Diamondback moths, Blattodea and Mites.

[20] A pest control composition comprising a pest control active ingredient (1) and a pest control active ingredient (2), wherein the pest control active ingredient (1) is brofuranilide, the pest control active ingredient (2) is flupyradiflon, and the pest is at least one insect selected from the group consisting of the western flower thrips, tomato leafminer, Aedes aegypti, peach aphid, cotton aphid, bed bug, tobacco whitefly, beet armyworm, armyworm, tobacco budworm, diamondback moth, German cockroach, and two-spotted spider mite.

[21] A pest control composition comprising a pest control active ingredient (1) and a pest control active ingredient (2), wherein the pest control active ingredient (1) is brofuranilide, the pest control active ingredient (2) is flupyradiflon, and the pest is at least one insect selected from the group consisting of the western flower thrips, the peach aphid, the cotton aphid, and the beet armyworm.

[0010]

[22] A pest control composition comprising a pest control active ingredient (1) and a pest control active ingredient (2), wherein the pest control active ingredient (1) is brofuranilide, the pest control active ingredient (2) is pyrifluquinazone, and the pest is at least one insect selected from the group consisting of flies, crickets, cockroaches and mites.

[23] A pest control composition comprising a pest control active ingredient (1) and a pest control active ingredient (2), wherein the pest control active ingredient (1) is brofuranilide, the pest control active ingredient (2) is pyrifluquinazone, and the pest is at least one insect selected from the group consisting of leafminers, cucumbers, crickets, whiteflies, mealybugs, cockroaches and spider mites.

[24] A pest control composition comprising a pest control active ingredient (1) and a pest control active ingredient (2), wherein the pest control active ingredient (1) is brofuranilide, the pest control active ingredient (2) is pyrifluquinazon, and the pest is at least one insect selected from the group consisting of tomato leafminer, Aedes aegypti, peach aphid, cotton aphid, bed bug, tobacco whitefly, German cockroach, and two-spotted spider mite.

[25] A pest control composition comprising a pest control active ingredient (1) and a pest control active ingredient (2), wherein the pest control active ingredient (1) is brofuranilide, the pest control active ingredient (2) is pyrifluquinazone, and the pest is at least one insect selected from the group consisting of the green peach aphid, the cotton aphid, and the beet armyworm.

[0011] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a pest control composition that exhibits useful control effects, and a method for controlling plant diseases or plant pests.

[0012] The present invention will be described below based on preferred embodiments.

[0013] <Pest Control Composition> The present invention is a pest control composition comprising a pest control active ingredient (1) and a pest control active ingredient (2). Through the inventors' studies, it was found that a novel combination of pest control active ingredient (1) and pest control active ingredient (2) produces an unexpectedly useful pest control effect. The following describes each component.

[0014] <<Active ingredient for controlling harmful organisms (1)>> Active ingredient for controlling harmful organisms (1) is one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of isoxazoline and metadiamide compounds. Hereafter, "active ingredient for controlling harmful organisms (1)" may be referred to as "ingredient (1)".

[0015] Component (1) is an active ingredient belonging to group 30 (GABA-acting chloride ion channel allosteric modulator) in IRAC.

[0016] Examples of metadiamide compounds include one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of broflanilide, cyproflanilide, and piperflanilide. Among these, broflanilide or cyproflanilide are preferred as the metadiamide compound, with broflanilide being more preferred.

[0017] Examples of isoxazoline compounds include one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of afoxolaner, fluralaner, fluxametamide, isocycloceram, lotilaner, sarolaner, and isoflualanum. Among these, isocycloceram or fluxametamide are preferred, with isocycloceram being more preferred.

[0018] ≪Pest Control Active Ingredient (2)≫ The pest control active ingredient (2) is one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of phenylpyrazole compounds, compounds that act as mitochondrial electron transport chain complex III inhibitors, compounds that act as glutamatergic chloride ion channel allosteric modulators, compounds that act as nicotinic acetylcholine receptor competitive modulators, compounds that act as chord organ TRPV channel modulators, compounds that act as acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitors, pyrethroid compounds that act as sodium channel modulators, benzpyrimoxane, fluhexafone, ticlopyrazoflor, indazapyroxamato, thiapyrachlor, flupyroxystrobin, and cibenzoxasulfil. Hereafter, "Pest Control Active Ingredient (2)" may be referred to as "Ingredient (2)".

[0019] Examples of phenylpyrazole compounds include one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of ethiprole, fipronil, acetoprole, pyrafluprole, pyriprole, and nicofluprole. Among these, nicofluprole or pyriprole are preferred as phenylpyrazole compounds, with nicofluprole being more preferred.

[0020] One example of a compound that acts on the energy metabolism of mitochondrial electron transport chain complex III-Qi sites is flometoquin.

[0021] Compounds exhibiting glutamatergic chloride ion channel allosteric modulator activity include one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of abamectin, emamectin benzoate, lepimectin, and milbemectin. Among these, lepimectin is preferred as the compound exhibiting glutamatergic chloride ion channel allosteric modulator activity.

[0022] Neonicotinoid compounds that act as competitive modulators of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors include acetamiprid, clothianidin, dinotefuran, imidacloprid, nitenpyram, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam, nicotine, and nicotine sulfate. One or more compounds selected from the group consisting of sulfate, anabasine, sulfoxaflor, flupyradifurone, triflumezopyrim, dichloromezotiaz, cycloxapride, and flupyrimin are mentioned. Among these, neonicotinoid compounds are preferably flupyradifurone or fenmezodithiaz, with flupyradifurone being more preferred.

[0023] Compounds that act on the chord-tone organ TRPV channels include one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of pyrimetrozine, pyrifluquinazon, ticlopyrazoflor, and afidopyropen. Among these, the compound that acts as a chord-tone organ TRPV channel modulator is preferably pyrifluquinazon or ticlopyrazoflor, with pyrifluquinazon being more preferred.

[0024] Compounds exhibiting activity as acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitors include one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of spirodiclofen, spiromesifen, spirotetramat, spiropidion, and spidoxamat. Among these, the compound exhibiting activity as an acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitor is preferably spiromesifen or spidoxamat, with spidoxamat being more preferred.

[0025] In one embodiment of the present invention, component (1) is preferably a metadiamide compound. In this case, the metadiamide compound is preferably brofuranilide or cyprofuranilide, and more preferably brofuranilide.

[0026] A preferred embodiment of the present invention is a pest control composition in which component (1) is one or more selected from the group consisting of proflanilide, cyprofuranilide, piperflanilide, fluxamethamide, and isocycloceram, and component (2) is one or more selected from the group consisting of nicoflurprole, benzpyrimoxane, fluhexaphon, flomethoquin, lepimectin, flupyradiflon, pyriflurquinazone, ticlopyrazoflor, fenmezoditiaz, indazapyroxamato, thiapyrachlor, flupyroxystrobin, spidoxamato, cibenzoxasulfyl, pyriprole, epsilonmonfluorothrin, meparfluthrin, and dimefluthrin.

[0027] A preferred embodiment of the present invention is a pest control composition in which component (1) is a metadiamide compound and component (2) is one or more selected from the group consisting of nicoflurol, benzpyrimoxane, fluhexaphon, flomethoquin, lepimectin, flupyradiflon, pyriflurquinazone, ticlopyrazoflor, indazapyroxamato, thiapyrachlor, flupyroxystrobin, cibenzoxasulfyl, pyriprole, epsilonmonfluorothrin, meparfluthrin, and dimefluthrin. A further preferred embodiment is a pest control composition in which component (1) is a metadiamide compound and component (2) is one or more selected from the group consisting of nicoflurol, benzpyrimoxane, fluhexaphon, flomethoquin, lepimectin, flupyradiflon, pyriflurquinazone, and ticlopyrazoflor.

[0028] A preferred embodiment of the present invention is a pest control composition in which component (1) is brofuranilide and component (2) is one or more selected from the group consisting of benzpyrimoxane, fluhexaphon, ticlopyrazoflor, indazapyroxamato, thiapyrachlor, flupyroxystrobin, cibenzoxasulfyl, pyriprole, epsilonmonfluorothrin, meparfluthrin, and dimefluthrin. A preferred embodiment of the present invention is a pest control composition in which component (1) is brofuranilide and component (2) is one or more selected from the group consisting of nicoflurprole, benzpyrimoxane, fluhexaphon, flumethoquin, lepimectin, flupyradiflon, pyrifluquinazone, and ticlopyrazoflor. A preferred embodiment of the present invention is a pest control composition in which component (1) is broflanilide and component (2) is one or more selected from the group consisting of lepimectin, flupyradiflon, and pyrifluquinazone.

[0029] A preferred embodiment of the present invention is a pest control composition in which component (1) is cyprofuranilide and component (2) is one or more selected from the group consisting of nicoflurol, benzpyrimoxane, fluhexaphon, flumethoquin, lepimectin, flupyradiflon, pyrifuraquinazone, ticlopyrazoflorpyriprole, epsilonmonfluorothrin, meparfluthrin, and dimefluthrin. A further preferred embodiment is a pest control composition in which component (1) is cyprofuranilide and component (2) is one or more selected from the group consisting of nicoflurol, benzpyrimoxane, fluhexaphon, flumethoquin, flupyradiflon, and pyrifuraquinazone.

[0030] An isoxazoline compound may be selected as component (1). In this case, isocycloceram or fluxamethamide is preferred as the isoxazoline compound, with isocycloceram being more preferred.

[0031] A preferred embodiment of the present invention is a pest control composition in which component (1) is an isoxazoline compound and component (2) is one or more selected from the group consisting of nicoflurprole, benzpyrimoxane, fluhexafone, flumethoquin, lepimectin, indazapyroxamato, thiapyrachlor, flupyroxystrobin, cibenzoxasulfyl, pyriprole, epsilonmonfluorothrin, meparfluthrin, and dimefluthrin. A further preferred embodiment is a pest control composition in which component (1) is an isoxazoline compound and component (2) is one or more selected from the group consisting of nicoflurprole, benzpyrimoxane, fluhexafone, and flumethoquin.

[0032] A preferred embodiment of the present invention is a pest control composition in which component (1) is isocycloceram and component (2) is one or more selected from the group consisting of nicoflurprole, benzpyrimoxane, fluhexafone, flumethoquin, lepimectin, indazapyroxamato, thiapyrachlor, flupyroxystrobin, cibenzoxasulfyl, pyriprole, epsilonmonfluorothrin, meparfluthrin, and dimefluthrin. A further preferred embodiment is a pest control composition in which component (1) is isocycloceram and component (2) is one or more selected from the group consisting of nicoflurprole, benzpyrimoxane, flumethoquin, and lepimectin.

[0033] A preferred embodiment of the present invention is a pest control composition in which component (1) is fluxamethamide and component (2) is one or more selected from the group consisting of nicoflurol, benzpyrimoxane, fluhexaphon, flumethoquin, lepimectin, indazapyroxamato, thiapyrachlor, flupyroxystrobin, cibenzoxasulfyl, pyriprole, epsilonmonfluorothrin, meparfluthrin, and dimefluthrin. More preferably, component (1) is fluxamethamide and component (2) is one or more selected from the group consisting of nicoflurol, benzpyrimoxane, fluhexaphon, and lepimectin.

[0034] The content of components (1) and (2) in the pest control composition of this embodiment is not particularly limited, as long as the effect is achieved.

[0035] In one embodiment of the present invention, the concentration of component (1) relative to the total amount of the pest control composition is, for example, 0.1 ppm to 5000 ppm, 0.2 ppm to 1000 ppm, or 0.3 ppm to 2000 ppm.

[0036] In one aspect of the present invention, the concentration of component (1) relative to the total amount of the pest control composition is, for example, 0.005 ppm or more, 0.010 ppm or more, 0.050 ppm or more, 0.100 ppm or more, 0.150 ppm or more, 0.180 ppm or more, 0.200 ppm or more, 0.300 ppm or more, 0.350 ppm or more, 0.360 ppm or more, 0.400 ppm or more, 0.420 ppm or more, 0.500 ppm or more, 0.540 ppm or more, 0.550 ppm or more, 0.600 ppm or more, 0.700 ppm or more, 0.800 ppm The above values ​​are 0.900 ppm or higher, 1.000 ppm or higher, 1.200 ppm or higher, 1.400 ppm or higher, 1.430 ppm or higher, 1.500 ppm or higher, 1.600 ppm or higher, 1.700 ppm or higher, 1.800 ppm or higher, 1.900 ppm or higher, 2.000 ppm or higher, 2.500 ppm or higher, 3.000 ppm or higher, 3.500 ppm or higher, 3.800 ppm or higher, 3.900 ppm or higher, 4.000 ppm or higher, 4.500 ppm or higher, 4.590 ppm or higher, 5.000 ppm or higher, and 5.100 ppm or higher.

[0037] In one aspect of the present invention, the concentration of component (1) relative to the total amount of the pest control composition is, for example, 20 ppm or less, 10 ppm or less, 9.50 ppm or less, 9.00 ppm or less, 8.50 ppm or less, 8.00 ppm or less, 7.50 ppm or less, 6.00 ppm or less, 5.80 ppm or less, 5.50 ppm or less, 5.40 ppm or less, 5.30 ppm or less, 5.20 ppm or less, 5.00 ppm or less, and 4.50 ppm or less. Examples include 4.00 ppm or less, 3.50 ppm or less, 3.00 ppm or less, 2.50 ppm or less, 2.00 ppm or less, 1.50 ppm or less, 1.30 ppm or less, 1.20 ppm or less, 1.10 ppm or less, 1.00 ppm or less, 0.80 ppm or less, 0.50 ppm or less, 0.25 ppm or less, 0.20 ppm or less, 0.15 ppm or less, 0.10 ppm or less, 0.05 ppm or less, and 0.03 ppm or less.

[0038] In one aspect of the present invention, the above upper and lower limits of the concentration of component (1) relative to the total amount of the pest control composition can be arbitrarily combined. Examples of combinations include, for example, 0.300 ppm to 3.00 ppm, 0.300 ppm to 2.5 ppm, 1.200 ppm to 9.00 ppm, 1.200 ppm to 5.50 ppm, 0.150 ppm to 1.20 ppm, 4.500 ppm to 7.50 ppm, 0.005 ppm to 0.05 ppm, 0.500 ppm to 2.50 ppm, 0.050 ppm to 0.80 ppm, 3.500 ppm to 5.80 ppm, and 1.500 ppm to 5.50 ppm.

[0039] In one aspect of the present invention, the concentration of component (2) relative to the total amount of the pest control composition is, for example, 0.0001 ppm to 15000 ppm, 0.0002 ppm to 3000 ppm, or 0.0003 ppm to 500 ppm.

[0040] In one aspect of the present invention, the concentration of component (2) relative to the total amount of the pest control composition is, for example, 0.00035 ppm or more, 0.00038 ppm or more, 0.001 ppm or more, 0.0015 ppm or more, 0.002 ppm or more, 0.005 ppm or more, 0.008 ppm or more, 0.01 ppm or more, 0.02 ppm or more, 0.03 ppm or more, 0.05 ppm or more, 0.06 ppm or more, 0.08 ppm or more, 0.1 ppm or more, 0.15 ppm or more, 0.18 ppm or more, 0.2 ppm or more, 0.23 ppm or more, 0.25 ppm or more, 0.28 ppm or more, 0.3 ppm m or more, 0.31 ppm or more, 0.32 ppm or more, 0.33 ppm or more, 0.34 ppm or more, 0.5 ppm or more, 1.0 ppm or more, 1.5 ppm or more, 2.0 ppm or more, 2.3 ppm or more, 2.5 ppm or more, 3.0 ppm or more, 3.5 ppm or more, 3.8 ppm or more, 3.96 ppm or more, 4.0 ppm or more, 4.5 ppm or more, 4.8 ppm or more, 5.00 ppm or more, 6.0 ppm or more, 7.0 ppm or more, 8.0 ppm or more, 9.0 ppm or more, 10.0 ppm or more, 100 ppm or more, 500 ppm or more, 800 ppm or more, and 1000 ppm or more.

[0041] In one aspect of the present invention, the concentration of component (2) relative to the total amount of the pest control composition is, for example, 1000.00 ppm or less, 500.00 ppm or less, 80.00 ppm or less, 60.00 ppm or less, 55.00 ppm or less, 50.00 ppm or less, 45.00 ppm or less, 42.00 ppm or less, 40.00 ppm or less, 35.00 ppm or less, 30.00 ppm or less, 25.00 ppm or less, 22.00 ppm or less, 20.00 ppm The values ​​are less than or equal to 15.00 ppm, less than or equal to 14.00 ppm, less than or equal to 13.00 ppm, less than or equal to 12.50 ppm, less than or equal to 12.00 ppm, less than or equal to 11.00 ppm, less than or equal to 10.50 ppm, less than or equal to 10.00 ppm, less than or equal to 8.00 ppm, less than or equal to 7.50 ppm, less than or equal to 7.00 ppm, less than or equal to 6.50 ppm, less than or equal to 6.00 ppm, less than or equal to 5.50 ppm, less than or equal to 5.00 ppm, less than or equal to 4.50 ppm, less than or equal to 4.00 ppm, and less than or equal to 3.96 ppm.

[0042] In one aspect of the present invention, the above upper and lower limits of the concentration of component (2) relative to the total amount of the pest control composition can be arbitrarily combined. Examples of combinations include, for example, 0.2 ppm to 4.50 ppm, 0.00035 ppm to 1000.00 ppm, 0.05 ppm to 12.00 ppm, 0.01 ppm to 55.00 ppm, 0.25 ppm to 22.00 ppm, 2.0 ppm to 1000.00 ppm, 0.2 ppm to 6.00 ppm, 0.3 ppm to 15.00 ppm, and 0.03 ppm to 45. The ranges are 00 ppm or less, 4.0 ppm to 25.00 ppm, 2.00 ppm to 45.00 ppm, 3.50 ppm to 15.00 ppm, 0.10 ppm to 500.00 ppm, 0.001 ppm to 7.00 ppm, 8.0 ppm to 80.0 ppm, 0.005 ppm to 10.00 ppm, 2.0 ppm to 7.00 ppm, and 0.1 ppm to 1000.00 ppm.

[0043] In one embodiment of the present invention, when component (1) is broflanilide and component (2) is pyrifluquinazon, the concentration of component (1) relative to the total amount of the pest control composition is preferably 0.3 ppm or more and 2.5 ppm or less, and the concentration of component (2) is preferably 0.00030 ppm or more and 0.00800 ppm or less. Alternatively, the concentration of component (1) relative to the total amount of the pest control composition is preferably 0.010 ppm or more and 0.050 ppm or less, and the concentration of component (2) is preferably 350 ppm or more and 650 ppm or less. Alternatively, the concentration of component (1) relative to the total amount of the pest control composition is preferably 0.50 ppm or more and 2.50 ppm or less, and the concentration of component (2) is preferably 0.0010 ppm or more and 0.0080 ppm or less. Furthermore, the concentration of component (1) relative to the total amount of the pest control composition is preferably 4.50 ppm or more and 5.00 ppm or less, and the concentration of component (2) is preferably 0.005 ppm or more and 0.010 ppm or less.

[0044] In one embodiment of the present invention, when component (1) is brofuranilide and component (2) is flupyradiflon, the concentration of component (1) relative to the total amount of the pest control composition is preferably 0.50 ppm or more and 1.50 ppm or less, and the concentration of component (2) is preferably 1.00 ppm or more and 3.00 ppm or less. Alternatively, the concentration of component (1) relative to the total amount of the pest control composition is preferably 0.005 ppm or more and 0.020 ppm or less, and the concentration of component (2) is preferably 5.00 ppm or more and 30.00 ppm or less. Alternatively, the concentration of component (1) relative to the total amount of the pest control composition is preferably 0.20 ppm or more and 2.50 ppm or less, and the concentration of component (2) is preferably 2.00 ppm or more and 7.00 ppm or less. Furthermore, the concentration of component (1) relative to the total amount of the pest control composition is preferably 0.050 ppm or more and 0.70 ppm or less, and the concentration of component (2) is preferably 5.0 ppm or more and 100.00 ppm or less. Furthermore, the concentration of component (1) relative to the total amount of the pest control composition is preferably 3.50 ppm or more and 4.50 ppm or less, and the concentration of component (2) is preferably 5.0 ppm or more and 10.00 ppm or less. Furthermore, the concentration of component (1) relative to the total amount of the pest control composition is preferably 1.00 ppm or more and 3.00 ppm or less, and the concentration of component (2) is preferably 4.00 ppm or more and 6.00 ppm or less.

[0045] In one aspect of the present invention, when component (1) is cyflanilide and component (2) is flupyradifurone, the concentration of component (1) relative to the total amount of the pest control composition is preferably 1.00 ppm or more and 10.00 ppm or less, and the concentration of component (2) is preferably 0.10 ppm or more and 7.00 ppm or less.

[0046] In one aspect of the present invention, when component (1) is cyflanilide and component (2) is pyriprole, the concentration of component (1) relative to the total amount of the pest control composition is preferably 1.00 ppm or more and 10.00 ppm or less, and the concentration of component (2) is preferably 0.10 ppm or more and 7.00 ppm or less.

[0047] In one aspect of the present invention, when component (1) is piperflanilide and component (2) is flupyradifurone, the concentration of component (1) relative to the total amount of the pest control composition is preferably 0.30 ppm or more and 5.00 ppm or less, and the concentration of component (2) is preferably 0.30 ppm or more and 7.00 ppm or less.

[0048] As component (1), it is also possible to use two or more components in combination. As component (2), it is also possible to use two or more components in combination.

[0049] Further, the mixing ratio of component (1) and component (2) is not particularly limited as long as the effects are exhibited. In one aspect of the present invention, the mixing ratio of component (1) and component (2) is preferably component (1): component (2) of 5000:1 to 1:5000, more preferably 1000:1 to 1:1000, still more preferably 500:1 to 1:500, even more preferably 100:1 to 1:100, and most optimally 50:1 to 1:50.

[0050] In one embodiment of the present invention, the mixing ratio of component (1) and component (2), [component (1) / component (2)], is, for example, 0.06 to 2.5, 300.0 to 1000.0, 0.00030 to 0.0020, 0.10 to 0.70, 1.4 to 2.0, 2.0 to 7.0, 0.1 to 1.2, 0.1 to 0.4, 5.0 to 14.0, 0.0 2 to 0.06, 0.3 to 1.2, 1.5 to 4.7, 0.30 to 0.42, 0.1 to 0.6, 0.001 to 0.004, 1000.0 to 4000 .0 or less, 5.0 or more and 9.0 or less, 1.00 or more and 2.25 or less, 0.20 or more and 0.60 or less, 1.50 or more and 2.00 or less, 0.005 or more and 0.20 or less, 0.3 or more and 0.90 or less, 0.0 5 to 0.20, 0.02 to 0.12, 1.0 to 2.5, 8.0 to 10.0, 0.02 to 0.09, 0.04 to 0.09, 0.01 to 0.08 Lower, 0.4 to 1.2, 0.004 to 0.008, 0.02 to 0.40, 0.00002 to 0.00008, 0.0001 to 0.0008, 0.0001 and below The ranges are: above 0.0040 or less, 0.003 to 0.004, 0.025 to 0.075, 0.2 to 0.4, 0.003 to 0.009, 0.1 to 0.9, 200 to 900, 0.001 to 0.02, 0.4 to 1.0, 650 to 700, 0.2 to 0.6, 0.0004 to 0.00300, and 0.05 to 1.4.

[0051] In one embodiment of the present invention, when component (1) is broflanilide and component (2) is nicoflurprole, the mixing ratio of component (1) and component (2), [component (1) / component (2)], is preferably 0.02 or more and 0.15 or less, more preferably 0.03 or more and 0.09 or less, and even more preferably 0.03 or more and 0.05 or less.

[0052] In one embodiment of the present invention, when component (1) is brofuranilide and component (2) is benzpyrimoxane, the mixing ratio of component (1) and component (2), [component (1) / component (2)], is preferably 0.1 to 0.2, and more preferably 0.13 to 0.17.

[0053] In one embodiment of the present invention, when component (1) is broflanilide and component (2) is fluhexafone, the mixing ratio of component (1) and component (2), [component (1) / component (2)], is preferably 0.0001 to 0.002, and more preferably 0.00015 to 0.0015.

[0054] In one embodiment of the present invention, when component (1) is broflanilide and component (2) is flumethkin, the mixing ratio of component (1) and component (2), [component (1) / component (2)], is preferably 0.002 or more and 0.2 or less, more preferably 0.003 or more and 0.13 or less, and even more preferably 0.003 or more and 0.10 or less.

[0055] In one embodiment of the present invention, when component (1) is broflanilide and component (2) is lepimectin, the mixing ratio of component (1) and component (2), [component (1) / component (2)], is preferably 0.2 or more and 3 or less, more preferably 0.3 or more and 2.2 or less, and even more preferably 0.3 or more and 2.7 or less.

[0056] In one embodiment of the present invention, when component (1) is brofuranilide and component (2) is flupyradiflon, the mixing ratio of component (1) and component (2), [component (1) / component (2)], is preferably 0.0005 or more and 1.5 or less, more preferably 0.0007 or more and 1.3 or less, and even more preferably 0.0007 or more and 0.8 or less.

[0057] In one embodiment of the present invention, when component (1) is broflanilide and component (2) is pyrifluquinazone, the mixing ratio of component (1) and component (2), [component (1) / component (2)], is preferably 0.00003 or more and 2000 or less, more preferably 0.00004 or more and 1500 or less, and even more preferably 0.00004 or more and 900 or less.

[0058] In one embodiment of the present invention, when component (1) is brofuranilide and component (2) is ticlopyrazoflor, the mixing ratio of component (1) and component (2), [component (1) / component (2)], is preferably 1 to 3, more preferably 1.4 to 2, and even more preferably 1.7 to 2.

[0059] In one embodiment of the present invention, when component (1) is broflanilide and component (2) is cibenzoxasulfyl, the mixing ratio of component (1) and component (2), [component (1) / component (2)], is preferably 0.04 or more and 9 or less, more preferably 0.06 or more and 6 or less, and even more preferably 2.5 or more and 6 or less.

[0060] In one embodiment of the present invention, when component (1) is brofuranilide and component (2) is indazapiroxameth, the mixing ratio of component (1) and component (2), [component (1) / component (2)], is preferably 2.5 or more and 18 or less, more preferably 4 or more and 12 or less, and even more preferably 4 or more and 6 or less.

[0061] In one embodiment of the present invention, when component (1) is broflanilide and component (2) is thiapirachlor, the mixing ratio of component (1) and component (2), [component (1) / component (2)], is preferably 0.12 or more and 1.5 or less, more preferably 0.2 or more and 1.2 or less, and even more preferably 0.2 or more and 1.0 or less.

[0062] In one embodiment of the present invention, when component (1) is broflanilide and component (2) is spidoxamato, the mixing ratio of component (1) and component (2), [component (1) / component (2)], is preferably 0.12 or more and 0.5 or less, more preferably 0.2 or more and 0.35 or less, and even more preferably 0.2 or more and 0.30 or less.

[0063] In one embodiment of the present invention, when component (1) is broflanilide and component (2) is flupyroxystrobin, the mixing ratio of component (1) and component (2), [component (1) / component (2)], is preferably 0.015 or more and 0.09 or less, more preferably 0.02 or more and 0.06 or less, and even more preferably 0.04 or more and 0.06 or less.

[0064] In this invention, harmful organisms include at least one insect selected from the group consisting of harmful arthropods, harmful mollusks, and harmful nematodes. Specific examples of harmful organisms are shown below.

[0065] Examples of harmful arthropods include the plant disease pests listed below, which belong to the order Coleoptera of the class Insecta.

[0066] Pests belonging to Acalymma sp. include, for example, Acalymma vittatum; pests belonging to Acanthoscelides sp. include, for example, Acanthoscelides obtectus; and pests belonging to Adoretus sp., Aeolus sp., and Aethina sp. include, for example, Aethina tumida.

[0067] Pests belonging to the group Agelastica spp. include, for example, Agelastica alni, while pests belonging to the group Agrilus spp. include, for example, Agrilus anxius, Agrilus bilineatus, Agrilus coxalis, and Agrilus planipennis.

[0068] Pests belonging to Agriotes spp. include, for example, Agriotes fuscicollis, Agriotes linneatus, and Agriotes mancus, while pests belonging to Alphatobius spp. include, for example, Alphatobius diaperinus.

[0069] Pests belonging to the Amphimallon sp. include, for example, Amphimallon sollitialis, while pests belonging to the Anchastus sp. and Anobium sp. include, for example, Anobium punctatum.

[0070] Pests belonging to the Anomala spp. include, for example, Anomala albopilosa, Anomala cuprea, and Anomala rufocuprea, while pests belonging to the Anophora spp. include, for example, Anophora glabripennis and Anophora malasiaca.

[0071] Pests belonging to the group Antoniomus sp. include, for example, Antoniomus grandis and Antoniomus rubi; pests belonging to the group Anthrenus sp. include, for example, Anthrenus verbasci; and pests belonging to the groups Apion sp., Apogonia sp., and Aracanthus sp. include, for example, Aracanthus mourei.

[0072] Pests belonging to Araecerus spp. include, for example, Araecerus coffeae; pests belonging to Aromia spp. include, for example, Aromia bungii (red-necked longhorn beetle); pests belonging to Atomaria spp. include, for example, Atomaria linearis; and pests belonging to Attageneus spp. and Aulacophora spp. include, for example, Aulacophora femoralis.

[0073] Pests belonging to Baris spp. include, for example, Baris caerulescens, and pests belonging to Brassicogethes spp. include, for example, Brassicogethes aeneus. Pests belonging to Bruchidius spp. include, for example, Bruchidius obtectus, and pests belonging to Bruchus spp. include, for example, Bruchus pisorum and Bruchus rufimanus.

[0074] Pests belonging to Callosobruchus spp. include, for example, Callosobruchus chinensis; pests belonging to Cassida spp. and Cerotoma spp. include, for example, Cerotoma trifurcata; and pests belonging to Ceutorrhynchus spp. include, for example, Ceutorrhynchus assimilis, Ceutorrhynchus quadridens, and Ceutorrhynchus rapae.

[0075] Pests belonging to the Chaetocnema spp. include, for example, Chaetocnema concinna, Chaetocnema confinis, Chaetocnema denticulata, Chaetocnema ectypa, and Chaetocnema pulicalia. Pests belonging to the Cleonus spp. include, for example, Cleonus mendicus, and pests belonging to the Clivina spp. include, for example, Clivina impresifrons.

[0076] Pests belonging to Colaspis spp. include, for example, Colaspis brunnea, while pests belonging to Conoderus spp. and Cosmopolites spp. include, for example, Cosmopolites sordidus. Pests belonging to Costellytra spp. include, for example, Costellytra zealandica, and pests belonging to Cryptolestes spp. include, for example, Cryptolestes ferrugineus and Cryptolestes pusillus.

[0077] Pests belonging to Cryptorhynchus spp. include, for example, Cryptorhynchus lapathi and Cryptorhynchus mangiferae, while pests belonging to Ctenicera spp. and Curculio spp. include, for example, Curculio caryae, Curculio caryatrypes, Curculio obtususus, and Curculio sayi. Pests belonging to Cylas spp. include, for example, Cylas formicarius, and Cylindrocopturus spp. Examples of pests belonging to this group include Cylindrocopturus adpersus and Cylindrocopturus furnissi.

[0078] Pests belonging to the Dendroctonus sp. include, for example, Dendroctonus ponderosae, and pests belonging to the Dermestes sp. include, for example, Dermestes maculates. Diabrotica sp. Examples of pests belonging to Diabrotica balteata, Diabrotica barberi, Diabrotica speciosa, Diabrotica speciosa), Diabrotica Diabrotica virgifera_zeae, etc. Dichocrocis spp. , Dicladispa spp. Pests belonging to this group include, for example, Dicladispa armigera, and Dicladispa armigera, while pests belonging to Diloboderus spp. include, for example, Diloboderus abderus.

[0079] Pests belonging to Echinocnemus sp. include, for example, Echinocnemus squameus, while pests belonging to Epicaerus sp. and Epilachna sp. include, for example, Epilachna borealis, Epilachna varivestis, and Epilachna vigintioctopunctata. Pests belonging to Epitrix sp. include, for example, Epitrix cucumeris, Epitrix fuscula, Epitrix hirtipennis, Epitrix subcrinitata, and Epitrix tuberis.

[0080] Pests belonging to Epuraea spp. include, for example, Epuraea domina; pests belonging to Euscepes spp. include, for example, Euscepes postfasciatus; and pests belonging to Eutinobothrus spp. include, for example, Eutinobothrus brasiliensis.

[0081] Pests belonging to the Faustinus spp. and Gametis spp. groups include, for example, Gametis jucunda.

[0082] Pests belonging to the Gibbium spp. include, for example, Gibbium psylloides, while pests belonging to the Gnathocerus spp. include, for example, Gnathocerus connutus.

[0083] Pests belonging to the Hellula spp. group include, for example, Hellula undalis, and pests belonging to the Heptophylla spp. group include, for example, Heptophylla picea. Pests belonging to the Heteronychus spp. group include, for example, Heteronychus arator. Pests belonging to the Heteronyx spp., Holotricia spp., and Hylamorpha spp. groups include, for example, Hylamorpha elegans. Pests belonging to the Hylotropes spp. group include, for example, Hylotropes bajulus.

[0084] Pests belonging to the group Hypera spp. include, for example, Hypera postica; pests belonging to the group Hypomeces spp. include, for example, Hypomeces squamosus; and pests belonging to the group Hypothenemus spp. include, for example, Hypothenemus hampei and Hypothenemus obscurus.

[0085] Pests belonging to Laccoptera sp. include, for example, Laccoptera quadrimaculata, and pests belonging to Lachnosterna sp. include, for example, Lachnosterna consanguinea. Pests belonging to Lasioderma sp. include, for example, Lasioderma serricorne, and Lasioderma serricorne, and pests belonging to Latheticus sp. include, for example, Latheticus oryzae. Lema sp., Leptinotarsa ​​sp. Pests belonging to this group include, for example, Leptinotarsa ​​decemlineata, while pests belonging to Leucoptera spp. include, for example, Leucoptera coffeella.

[0086] Pests belonging to Limonius spp. include, for example, Limonius ectypus, and pests belonging to Lissaorhoptrus spp. include, for example, Lissaorhoptrus oryzophyllus. Pests belonging to Listronotus spp., Lixus spp., Luperodes spp., and Luperomorpha spp. include, for example, Luperomorpha xanthodera, and pests belonging to Lyctus spp. include, for example, Lyctus brunneus and Lyctus brunneus.

[0087] Pests belonging to Medithia spp. include, for example, Medithia nigrobilineata, and pests belonging to Megacyllene spp. include, for example, Megacyllene robiniae. Pests belonging to Megascelis spp. and Melanotus spp. include, for example, Melanotus fortnumi, Melanotus legatus, Melanotus longulus oregonensis, Melanotus okinawensis, Melanotus tamsuyensis, etc. Meligethes spp. Pests belonging to this group include, for example, Meligethes aeneus; pests belonging to Melolontha spp. include, for example, Melolontha melolontha; pests belonging to Migdolus spp. include, for example, Migdolus fryanus, Migdolus fryanus; pests belonging to Monochamus spp. include, for example, Monochamus alternatus; and pests belonging to Myocrous spp. include, for example, Myocrous denticollis.

[0088] Pests belonging to the Naupactus spp. include, for example, Naupactus xanthographus, while pests belonging to the Necrobia spp., Neogalerucella spp., and Niptus spp. include, for example, Niptus hololeucus.

[0089] Pests belonging to Oryctes sp. include, for example, Oryctes rhinoceros, and pests belonging to Oryzaephilus sp. include, for example, Oryzaephilus surinamensis. Pests belonging to Oryzaphagus sp. include, for example, Oryzaphagus oryzae, and Otiorhynchus sp. Pests belonging to this group include, for example, Otiorhynchus cribricollis, Otiorhynchus ligustici, Otiorhynchus ovatus, Otiorhynchus rugosostriarus, and Otiorhynchus sulcatus.

[0090] Pests belonging to the Oulema spp. group include, for example, Oulema melanopus and Oulema oryzae, while pests belonging to the Oxycetonia spp. group include, for example, Oxycetonia jucunda.

[0091] Pests belonging to Paederus spp. include, for example, Paederus fuscipes, and pests belonging to Phaedon spp. include, for example, Phaedon brassicae and Phaedon cochleariae. Pests belonging to Phyllophaga spp. include, for example, Phyllophaga crinita and Phyllophaga helleri, and Phyllotreta spp. Examples of pests belonging to this group include Phyllotreta armoraciae, Phyllotreta cruciferae, Phyllotreta pusilla, Phyllotreta ramosa, and Phyllotreta striolata.

[0092] Pests belonging to Popillia spp. include, for example, Popillia japonica, while pests belonging to Premnotrypes spp. and Prostephanus spp. include, for example, Prostephanus truncatus. Pests belonging to Psacothea spp. include, for example, Psacothea hilaris, while pests belonging to Psylliodes spp. include, for example, Psylliodes affinis, Psylliodes angusticollis, Psylliodes chrysocephala, and Psylliodes punctulata. Pests belonging to the genus Ptinus sp. and pubes sp. include, for example, pubes cens.

[0093] Pests belonging to Rhabdoscelus spp. include, for example, Rhabdoscelus linearis, and pests belonging to Rhizobius spp. include, for example, Rhizobius ventralis. Pests belonging to Rhizopertha spp. include, for example, Rhizopertha dominanta, and pests belonging to Rhizotrogus spp. include, for example, Rhizotrogus majalis. Pests belonging to Rhynchites spp. include, for example, Rhynchites heros, and Rhynchophorus spp. Pests belonging to this group include, for example, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus and Rhynchophorus palmarum.

[0094] Pests belonging to Scepticus spp. include, for example, Scepticus griseus and Scepticus uniformis, and pests belonging to Scolytus spp. include, for example, Scolytus multistriatus. Pests belonging to Sinoxylon spp. include, for example, Sinoxylon performans, and Sitophilus spp. Pests belonging to this group include, for example, Sitophilus granarius, Sitophilus granarius, Sitophilus linearis, Sitophilus oryzae, and Sitophilus zeamais.

[0095] Pests belonging to Sphenophorus spp. include, for example, Sphenophorus callosus, Sphenophorus levis, Sphenophorus venatus, and Sphenophorus venatus vestitus, while pests belonging to Stegobium spp. include, for example, Stegobium paniceum. Pests belonging to Stenoplophus lecontei and Sternechus spp. include, for example, Sternechus paludatus and Sternechus subsignatus.

[0096] Pests belonging to Symphyletes spp. and Tanymecus spp. include, for example, Tanymecus dilaticollis, Tanymecus indicus, and Tanymecus palliatus. Pests belonging to Tenebrio spp. include, for example, Tenebrio molitor. Pests belonging to Tenebrioides spp. include, for example, Tenebrioides mauretanicus. Pests belonging to Tomarus spp. include, for example, Tomarus gibbosus.

[0097] Pests belonging to the Tomicus piniperda and Tribolium spp. groups include, for example, Tribolium audax, Tribolium castaneum, and Tribolium confusum. Pests belonging to the Trogoderma spp. group include, for example, Trogoderma granarium.

[0098] Pests belonging to the genus Tychius spp. and Xylotrechus spp. include, for example, Xylotrechus pyrrhoderus. Pests belonging to the genus Zabrotes spp. include, for example, Zabrotes subfasciatus. Pests belonging to the genus Zabrus spp. include, for example, Zabrus tenebrioides.

[0099] The following are examples of plant disease pests or sanitary pests belonging to the order Dermestida of the class Insecta. Pests belonging to Anisolabis spp. include Anisolabis maritime, for example. Pests belonging to Forficula spp. include Forficula auricularia, for example, and pests belonging to Labidura spp. include Labidura riparia, for example.

[0100] The following are examples of plant disease pests or sanitary pests belonging to the order Diptera (flies) of the class Insecta. Pests belonging to Aedes spp. include, for example, Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, Aedes sticticus, and Aedes vexans. Pests belonging to Agromyza spp. include, for example, Agromyza frontella, Agromyza oryzae, and Agromyza parvicornis.

[0101] Pests belonging to Anastrepha spp. and Anopheles spp. include, for example, Anopheles albimanus, Anopheles arabienis, Anopheles coluzzii, Anopheles darlingi, Anopheles farauti, Anopheles funestus, Anopheles gambiae, Anopheles minimus, Anopheles quadrimaculatus, Anopheles sinensis, Anopheles stephensi, and Anopheles sundaicus. Pests belonging to the Asphondylia sp. include, for example, Asphondylia yushimai.

[0102] Pests belonging to the Bacterocera spp. genus include, for example, Bacterocera cucurbitae, Bacterocera dorsalis, Bacterocera latifrons, Bacterocera oleae, and Bacterocera trioni.

[0103] Pests belonging to the Bibio spp. group include, for example, Bibio hortulanus, while pests belonging to the Bradysia spp. group include, for example, Bradysia diffformis and Bradysia odoriphaga.

[0104] Pests belonging to Calliphora spp. include, for example, Calliphora erythrocephala and Calliphora vicina, while pests belonging to Ceratitis spp. include, for example, Ceratitis capitata. Pests belonging to Chloronomus spp. include, for example, Chloronomus plumosus and Chloronomus yoshimatsui, while pests belonging to Chlorops spp. include, for example, Chlorops oryzae.

[0105] Pests belonging to Chromatomyia spp. include, for example, Chromatomyia horticola, while pests belonging to Chrysomya spp., Chrysops spp., and Chrysozona spp. include, for example, Chrysozona pluvialis. Pests belonging to Clogmia spp. include, for example, Clogmia albipunctata, while Cochliomyia spp. and Contarinia spp. Pests belonging to this group include, for example, Contarnia johnsoni, Contarnia nasturti, Contarnia pyrivora, Contarnia schulzi, Contarnia sorghicola, and Contarnia tritici.

[0106] Pests belonging to Cordy spp. include Cordy lobia anthropophaga, and pests belonging to Cricotopus spp. include Cricotopus sylvestris. Pests belonging to Culex spp. include Culex pipiens, Culex pipiens f. molestus, Culex pipiens pallens, Culex pipiens pipiens, Culex quinquefasciatus, Culex tritaeniorhynchus, and Culex vishnui.

[0107] Pests belonging to Culicoides spp., Culieseta spp., Cuterebra spp., and Dacus spp. include, for example, Dacus oleae; pests belonging to Dasineura spp. include, for example, Dasineura brassicae; and pests belonging to Delia spp. include, for example, Delia antiqua, Delia coarctata, Delia florilega, Delia platura, and Delia radicum.

[0108] Pests belonging to the group Dermatobia spp. include, for example, Dermatobia hominis, and pests belonging to the group Diopsis spp. include, for example, Diopsis macrophthalma. Pests belonging to the group Drosophila spp. include, for example, Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila suzukii.

[0109] Pests belonging to Drosphila melanogaster, Echinocenemus spp., and Euleia spp. include, for example, Euleia heracrei; pests belonging to Fania spp., Gasterophilus spp., and Glossina spp. include, for example, Glossina morsitans and Glossina palpalis; and pests belonging to Glyptotendipes spp. include, for example, Glyptotendipes tokunagai.

[0110] Pests belonging to Haematobia spp. include, for example, Haematobia irritans, while pests belonging to Haematopota spp., Hippobosca spp., and Hydrellia spp. include, for example, Hydrellia griseola, Hydrellia philippina, and Hydrellia sasakii. Pests belonging to Hylemya spp. and Hypoderma spp. include, for example, Hypoderma bovis and Hypoderma lineatum.

[0111] Pests belonging to Leptoconops spp. include, for example, Leptoconops nipponensis, and pests belonging to Liriomyza spp. include, for example, Liriomyza brassicae, Liriomyza bryoniae, Liriomyza chinensis, Liriomyza huidobrensis, Liriomyza sativa, Liriomyza sativae, and Liriomyza trifoli. Pests belonging to Lucilia spp. include, for example, Lucilia cuprina.

[0112] Pests belonging to Lutzomyia spp., Mansonia spp., and Mayetiola spp. include, for example, Mayetiola destroyer, and pests belonging to Megaselia spp. include, for example, Megaselia spiracularis. Pests belonging to Melophagus spp. include, for example, Melophagus ovinus, and pests belonging to Musca spp. include, for example, Musca domestica and Musca domestica vicina. Pests belonging to Muscina spp. include, for example, Muscina stabulans.

[0113] Pests belonging to the Oestrus sp. include, for example, Oestrus ovis, and pests belonging to the Orseolia sp. include, for example, Orseolia oryzae. Pests belonging to the Oscinella sp. include, for example, Oscinella frit.

[0114] Pests belonging to the genus Paralaterbornella sp. include, for example, Paralaterbornella subcincta, while pests belonging to the genus Paratanytarsus sp. and Pegomya sp. include, for example, Pegomya beta, Pegomya culicularia, Pegomya hyoscyami, and Pegomya rubivora.

[0115] Pests belonging to the genus Pegomia_or_Pegomia spp., Plebotomus spp., Phorbia spp., Phormia spp., and Piophila spp. include, for example, Piophila casei, and pests belonging to the genus Platyparea spp. include, for example, Platyparea poeciloptera. Pests belonging to the genus Prodiplosis spp. and Prosimulium spp. include, for example, Prosimulium yezoensis. Pests belonging to the genus Psila spp. include, for example, Psila rosae.

[0116] Pests belonging to the Rhacochlaena spp. include, for example, Rhacochlaena japonica, while pests belonging to the Rhagoletis spp. include, for example, Rhagoletis cingulata, Rhagoletis completeta, Rhagoletis fausta, Rhagoletis indifferens, Rhagoletis mendax, and Rhagoletis pomonella.

[0117] Pests belonging to the Sarcophaga spp. and Simulium spp. include, for example, Simulium damnosum, Simulium japonicum, Simulium meridionale, and Simulium ornatum. Pests belonging to the Sitodiplosis spp. include, for example, Sitodiplosis mosellana, and pests belonging to the Stomoxys spp. include, for example, Stomoxys calcitrans.

[0118] Pests belonging to the Tabanus spp. include, for example, Tabanus trigonus, and pests belonging to the Telmatoscopus spp. include, for example, Telmatoscopus abipunctatus.

[0119] Pests belonging to Tetanops spp. include, for example, Tetanops myopaeformis; pests belonging to Tipula spp. include, for example, Tipula aino, Tipula oleracea, Tipula paludosa, Tipula simplex; and pests belonging to Toxotrypana spp. include, for example, Toxotrypana curvicauda.

[0120] Examples of pests belonging to the order Hemiptera (true bugs) of the class Insecta include the following plant disease pests or sanitary pests:

[0121] Pests belonging to Abgrallaspis spp. include, for example, Abgrallaspis cyanophylli, and pests belonging to Acanthocoris spp. include, for example, Acanthocoris sordidus. Pests belonging to Acizzia spp. include, for example, Acizzia acaciaebaileyanae, Acizzia dodonaeae, and Acizzia uncatoides, and pests belonging to Acrida spp. include, for example, Acrida turrita.

[0122] Pests belonging to Acrogonia spp. and Acryrthosiphon spp. include, for example, Acryrthosiphon pisum, while pests belonging to Acryrthosiphon spp. and Adelges spp. include, for example, Adelges piceae and Adelges tsugae. Pests belonging to Adelphocoris spp. include, for example, Adelphocoris lineolatus and Adelphocoris triannularus.

[0123] Pests belonging to Aelia spp., Aeneolamia spp., and Aeschynteles spp. include, for example, Aeschynteles maculatus, and pests belonging to Agonoscena spp. and Aguriahana spp. include, for example, Aguriahana quercus. Pests belonging to Aleurocanthus spp. include, for example, Aleurocanthus camelliae and Aleurocanthus spiniferus, and Aleurobus spp. Pests belonging to this group include, for example, Aleurobus barodensis and Aleurobus taonabae.

[0124] Pests belonging to the genus Aleurothrixus sp. include, for example, Aleurothrixus fluccosus, while pests belonging to the genus Aleyrodes sp. include, for example, Aleyrodes proletella.

[0125] Pests belonging to Allocaridara sp. include, for example, Allocaridara malayensis, and pests belonging to Alnetoidia sp. include, for example, Alnetoidia alneti. Pests belonging to Amrasca sp. include, for example, Amrasca biguttula biguttula and Amrasca devastans, and pests belonging to Anacanthocoris sp. include, for example, Anacanthocoris striicornis.

[0126] Pests belonging to Anasa spp. include Anasa tristis, and pests belonging to Andaspis spp. include Andaspis kashicola. Pests belonging to Anomomeura spp. include Anomomeura mori, and pests belonging to Antestiopsis spp. and Anuraphis spp. include Anuraphis cardui.

[0127] Pests belonging to Aonidilla sp. include, for example, Aonidilla aurantii, Aonidilla citrina, and Aonidilla inornata, while pests belonging to Aphanostigma sp. include, for example, Aphanostigma piri. Pests belonging to Apheliona sp. include, for example, Apheliona ferruginea, and pests belonging to Aphidonuguis sp. include, for example, Aphidonuguis mali.

[0128] Aphis spp. Examples of pests belonging to Aphis citricola, Aphis craccivora, Aphis fabae, Aphis farinose_yanagicola, Aphis forbesi, Aphis glycines, Aphis gossypii, Aphis hederae, Aphis illinoisensis, Aphis middletoni, Aphis nasturtii, Aphis nerii, Aphis pomi, Aphis spiraecola, Aphis viburniphila, etc.

[0129] Pests belonging to Aphrastasia spp. include, for example, Aphrastasia pectinatae, while pests belonging to Aphrophora spp. include, for example, Aphrophora costalis, Aphrophora flavipes, and Aphrophora intermedia.

[0130] Pests belonging to Apollygus spp. include, for example, Apollygus lucorum and Apollygus spinolai, and pests belonging to Arboridia spp. include, for example, Arboridia apicalis. Pests belonging to Arytainilla spp., Aspidilla spp., and Aspiodius spp. include, for example, Aspiodius destroyer, Aspiodius hederae, and Aspiodius nerii, and Atanus spp. and Aulacorthum spp. Pests belonging to this group include, for example, Aulacorthum solani.

[0131] Pests belonging to Bactericera spp. include, for example, Bactericera cockerelli, and pests belonging to Balculutha spp. include, for example, Balculutha saltuella. Pests belonging to Bemisia spp. include, for example, Bemisia argentifolii and Bemisia tabaci, and pests belonging to Blastopsylla spp. include, for example, Blastopsylla occidentalis.

[0132] Pests belonging to Blissus spp. include, for example, Blissus leucopterus, and pests belonging to Boisea spp. and Boreioglycaspis spp. include, for example, Boreioglycaspis melaleucae. Pests belonging to Bothrogonia spp. include, for example, Bothrogonia japonica, and pests belonging to Brachycaudus spp. include, for example, Brachycaudus helichrysi.

[0133] Pests belonging to Brachycolus spp. and Brevennia spp. include, for example, Brevennia rehi, while pests belonging to Brevicorynne spp. include, for example, Brevicorynne brassicae.

[0134] Pests belonging to the Cacopsilla spp. include, for example, Cacopsilla chinensis, Cacopsilla pyricola, and Cacopsilla pyrisuga, while pests belonging to the Calligypona spp. include, for example, Calligypona marginata.

[0135] Pests belonging to Calocoris spp. and Calophya spp. include, for example, Calophya nigridorsalis, and pests belonging to Campylomma spp. include, for example, Campylomma livida. Pests belonging to Capulinia spp. and Carneocephala spp. include, for example, Carneocephala fulgida, and pests belonging to Carpocoris spp. include, for example, Carpocoris purpureipennis.

[0136] Pests belonging to Cavelierius spp. include, for example, Cavelierius saccharivorus, and pests belonging to Cenarytaina spp. and Ceratovacuna spp. include, for example, Ceratovacuna lanigera. Pests belonging to Cercopidae spp. and Ceroplastes spp. include, for example, Ceroplastes ceriferus and Ceroplastes rubens, and pests belonging to Chaetosiphon spp. include, for example, Chaetosiphon fragaefolii.

[0137] Pests belonging to Chionaspis spp. include Chionaspis tegalensis, pests belonging to Chlorita spp. include Chlorita onukii, pests belonging to Chondracris spp. include Chondracris rose, pests belonging to Chromaphis spp. include Chlorita juglandicola, and pests belonging to Chrysomphalus spp. include Chrysomphalus aonidum and Chrysomphalus ficus.

[0138] Pests belonging to Ccadella spp. include, for example, Ccadella viridis, and pests belonging to Ccadulina spp. include, for example, Ccadulina mbila. Pests belonging to Cimex spp. include, for example, Cimex adjunctus, Cimex hemapterus, Cimex lectularius, Cimex pilosellus, and pests belonging to Cletus spp. include, for example, Cletus punctiger, Cletus trigonus, and so on.

[0139] Pests belonging to Clovia spp. include, for example, Clovia punctata, and pests belonging to Coccomytilus spp. include, for example, Coccomytilus halli. Pests belonging to Coccus spp. include, for example, Coccus discrepans, Coccus hesperidum, Coccus pseudomagnoliarum, Coccus viridis, and Coccus longulus. Pests belonging to Cofana spp. include, for example, Cofana spectra.

[0140] Pests belonging to Collaria spp. and Comstockaspis spp. include, for example, Comstockaspis perniciosa, and pests belonging to Corythucha spp. include, for example, Corythucha ciliata and Corythucha marmorata. Pests belonging to Creontiades spp. include, for example, Creontiades dilutus and Creontiades pallidifer, and pests belonging to Crisicoccus spp. include, for example, Crisicoccus matsumotoi and Crisicoccus pini.

[0141] Pests belonging to the Cryptomyzus spp. include, for example, Cryptomyzus ribis, while pests belonging to the Cryptoneossa spp. and Cyrtopeltis spp. include, for example, Cyrtopeltis tennuis.

[0142] Pests belonging to Daktulosphaira spp. include, for example, Daktulosphaira vitifoliae, and pests belonging to Dalbulus spp. include, for example, Dalbulus maidis. Pests belonging to Dasynus spp. include, for example, Dasynus piperis, and pests belonging to Dialeurodes spp. include, for example, Dialeurodes chittendeni and Dialeurodes citri.

[0143] Pests belonging to Diaphorina spp. include, for example, Diaphorina citri; pests belonging to Diaspidiotus spp. include, for example, Diaspidiotus perniciosus; and pests belonging to Diaspis spp. and Dichelops spp. include, for example, Dichelops furcatus and Dichelops melacanthus.

[0144] Pests belonging to the genus Diconocoris spp. include, for example, Diconocoris hewetti, while pests belonging to the genus Diuraphis spp. and Dolycoris spp. include, for example, Dolycoris baccarum. Pests belonging to the genus Doralis spp. and Dosicha spp. include, for example, Dosicha corpulenta, while pests belonging to the genus Duplaspidiotus spp. include, for example, Duplaspidiotus claviger.

[0145] Pests belonging to Dysaphis spp. include, for example, Dysaphis apiifolia, Dysaphis plantaginea, and Dysaphis tulipae. Pests belonging to Dysdercus spp. include, for example, Dysdercus cingulatus and Dysdercus poecilius. Pests belonging to Dysmicoccus spp. include, for example, Dysmicoccus brevipes and Dysmicoccus wistariae.

[0146] Pests belonging to the genus Dysmicocous spp. and Ectometopterus spp. include, for example, Ectometopterus micantulus, while pests belonging to the genus Edwardsiana spp. include, for example, Edwardsiana flavescens and Edwardsiana rosae.

[0147] Pests belonging to the group Empoasca spp. include, for example, Empoasca abietis, Empoasca abrupta, Empoasca fabae, Empoasca maligna, Empoasca nipponica, Empoasca onukii, Empoasca sakaii, Empoasca solana, and Empoasca stevensi. Pests belonging to the group Epiacanthus spp. include, for example, Epiacanthus stramineus.

[0148] Pests belonging to Ericerus sp. include, for example, Ericerus pela, and pests belonging to Eriosoma sp. include, for example, Eriosoma americanum, Eriosoma lanigerum, and Eriosoma pyricola. Pests belonging to Erythroneura sp., Eucalyptolyma sp., and Euceraphis sp. include, for example, Euceraphis punctipennis, and Euphyllum sp. and Eurydema sp. Pests belonging to this group include, for example, Eurydema pulchrum and Eurydema rugosum.

[0149] Pests belonging to Eurygaster spp. and Euscelis spp. include, for example, Euscelis bilobatus, while pests belonging to Euschistus spp. include, for example, Euschistus heros, Euschistus servus, Euschistus tristigmus, and Euschistus variolarius.

[0150] Pests belonging to the Eysarcoris sp. include, for example, Eysarcoris aeneus, Eysarcoris annamita, Eysarcoris guttiger, Eysarcoris lewisi, Eysarcoris parvus, and Eysarcoris ventralis.

[0151] Pests belonging to the genus Ferrisia sp. and Fioriniia sp. include, for example, Fioriniia theae, while pests belonging to the genus Furcaspis sp. include, for example, Furcaspis oceanica.

[0152] Pests belonging to the genus Galeatus sp. include, for example, Galeatus spinifrons, and pests belonging to the genus Geisha sp. include, for example, Geisha distinctissima. Pests belonging to the genus Geococcus sp. include, for example, Geococcus coffee, and pests belonging to the genus Geoica sp. include, for example, Geoica lucifuga. Pests belonging to the genus Glaucias sp. include, for example, Glaucias subpunctatus, as well as Glycaspis sp. and Graphosoma sp. Pests belonging to this group include, for example, Graphosoma rubrolineatum, while pests belonging to Graphopsaltria sp. include, for example, Graphopsaltria nigrofuscata.

[0153] Pests belonging to Halticiellus sp. include, for example, Halticiellus insularis, and pests belonging to Halticus sp. include, for example, Halticus insularis. Pests belonging to Halyomorpha sp. include, for example, Halyomorpha halys, and pests belonging to Heliopeltis sp. and Heterocordylus sp. include, for example, Heterocordylus flavipes.

[0154] Pests belonging to Heteropsylla spp. include, for example, Heteropsylla cubana and Heteropsylla spinulosa, and pests belonging to Homalodisca spp. include, for example, Homalodisca coagulata. Pests belonging to Homalogonia spp. include, for example, Homalogonia obtusa, and pests belonging to Horcias spp. include, for example, Horcias nobilellus. Hyalopterus spp. Examples of pests belonging to this group include Hyalopterus arundinis and Hyalopterus pruni.

[0155] Pests belonging to the Icerya spp. genus include Icerya purchasei and Icerya seychellarum, while pests belonging to the Idiocerus spp., Idioscopus spp., and Javasella spp. genus include Javasella pellucida.

[0156] Pests belonging to the genus Lagynotomus spp. include, for example, Lagynotomus elongatus, and pests belonging to the genus Laodelphax spp. include, for example, Laodelphax striatellus. Pests belonging to the genus Lecanium spp. include, for example, Lecanium corni and Lecanium persicae, and pests belonging to the genus Lepholeucaspis spp. include, for example, Lepholeucaspis japonica.

[0157] Pests belonging to Lepidosaphes spp. include, for example, Lepidosaphes beckii and Lepidosaphes ulmi, while pests belonging to Leptocorisa spp. include, for example, Leptocorisa acuta, Leptocorisa chinensis, Leptocorisa oratorius and Leptocorisa varicornis. Leptoglossus spp. Pests belonging to this group include, for example, Leptoglossus australis, Leptoglossus occidentalis, and Leptoglossus phyllopus, while pests belonging to Liorhyssus spp. include, for example, Liorhyssus hyalinus.

[0158] Pests belonging to the groups Lipaphis erysimi and Lopholeucaspis spp. include, for example, Lopholeucaspis japonica, and pests belonging to the group Lycorma spp. include, for example, Lycorma delicatula. Pests belonging to the group Lygocoris spp. include, for example, Lygocoris pabulinus, and pests belonging to the group Lygus spp. include, for example, Lygus disponsi, Lygus elisus, Lygus hesperus, Lygus lineararis, and Lygus saundersi.

[0159] Pests belonging to the group Macropes spp. include, for example, Macropes excavatus and Macropes obnubilus, and pests belonging to the group Macrosiphoniella spp. include, for example, Macrosiphoniella samborni. Pests belonging to the group Macrosiphum spp. include, for example, Macrosiphum euphorbiae, Macrosiphum lili, and Macrosiphum rosae, and pests belonging to the group Macrosteles spp. include, for example, Macrosteles fascifrons and Macrosteles striifrons.

[0160] Pests belonging to the Mahanarva spp. include, for example, Mahanarva fimbriolata and Mahanarva posticata, while pests belonging to the Megacopta spp. include, for example, Megacopta cribraria and Megacopta punctatissimum. Pests belonging to the Megoura spp. include, for example, Megoura crassicauda, ​​and pests belonging to the Melanaphis spp. include, for example, Melanaphis sacchari and Melanaphis siphonella.

[0161] Pests belonging to Mesohomotoma spp. include, for example, Mesohomotoma camphorae; pests belonging to Metasalis spp. include, for example, Metasalis populi; pests belonging to Mectalfa spp. include, for example, Mectalfa pruiinosa; pests belonging to Mectalfilla spp. and Metopolophium spp. include, for example, Metopolophium dirhodum; and pests belonging to Miridae spp. and Molipteryx spp. include, for example, Molipteryx fulginosa.

[0162] Pests belonging to Monalonion spp. include, for example, Monalonion atratum; pests belonging to Monellia spp. include, for example, Monellia costalis; and pests belonging to Monelliopsis spp. include, for example, Monelliopsis pecanis. Pests belonging to Myzus spp. include, for example, Myzus ascalonicus, Myzus cerasi, Myzus ligustri, Myzus malisuctus, Myzus mumecola, Myzus nicotiana, Myzus ornatus, and Myzus persicae.

[0163] Pests belonging to Nasonovia spp. include, for example, Nasonovia ribisnigri; pests belonging to Neomaskellia spp. and Neotoxoptera spp. include, for example, Neotoxoptera formosana; and pests belonging to Nephotettix spp. include, for example, Nephotettix cincticeps, Nephotettix nigropictus, and Nephotettix virescens.

[0164] Pests belonging to Nettigoniclla spp. include, for example, Nettigoniclla spectra; pests belonging to Nezara spp. include, for example, Nezara antennata and Nezara viridula; pests belonging to Nilaparvata spp. include, for example, Nilaparvata lugens; pests belonging to Nippolachnus spp. include, for example, Nippolachnus piri; and pests belonging to Numata spp. include, for example, Numata muiri.

[0165] Pests belonging to Nysius spp. and Oebalus spp. include, for example, Oebalus pugnax, and pests belonging to Oncometopia spp. and Orientus spp. include, for example, Orientus ishidai. Pests belonging to Orthezia spp. include, for example, Orthezia praclonga, and pests belonging to Orthotylus spp. include, for example, Orthotylus flavosparsus. Pests belonging to Ovatus spp. include, for example, Ovatus malicolens, and Oxya spp. Pests belonging to this group include, for example, Oxya chinensis.

[0166] Pests belonging to the group Pachybrachius spp. include, for example, Pachybrachius luridus; pests belonging to the groups Pachypsylla spp. and Parabemisia spp. include, for example, Parabemisia myricae; and pests belonging to the group Paratrioza spp. include, for example, Paratrioza cockerelli.

[0167] Pests belonging to the group Parlatoreopsis sp. include, for example, Parlatoreopsis pyri, and pests belonging to the group Parlatoria sp. include, for example, Parlatoria camelliae, Parlatoria theae, and Parlatoria ziziphi. Pests belonging to the group Paromius sp. include, for example, Paromius exguus, and pests belonging to the group Pealius sp. include, for example, Pealius euryae.

[0168] Pests belonging to Pemphigus spp. include, for example, Pemphigus bursarius and Pemphigus populivenae; pests belonging to Pentomidae spp. and Peregrinus spp. include, for example, Peregrinus maidis; and pests belonging to Perkinsiella spp. include, for example, Perkinsiella saccharicida. Phenacoccus spp. Pests belonging to this group include, for example, Phenacoccus madeirensis, Phenacoccus pergandei, Phenacoccus solani, and Phenacoccus solenopsis, while pests belonging to Philaenus spp. include, for example, Philaenus spumarius.

[0169] Pests belonging to Phlocomyzus spp. include, for example, Phlocomyzus passerinil; pests belonging to Phorodon spp. include, for example, Phorodon humuli; and pests belonging to Phylloxera spp. include, for example, Phylloxera devastatrix, Phylloxera notabilis, and Phylloxera russelae.

[0170] Pests belonging to Piesma spp. include, for example, Piesma quadrata; pests belonging to Piezodorus spp. include, for example, Piezodorus guildinii and Piezodorus hybneri; pests belonging to Pinnaspis spp. include, for example, Pinnaspis aspidistrae; pests belonging to Planococcus spp. include, for example, Planococcus citri, Planococcus kraunhiae and Planococcus lilacinus; and Plautia spp. Pests belonging to this group include, for example, Plautia crossota stali.

[0171] Pests belonging to Prosopidopsylla sp. include, for example, Prosopidopsylla flava, pests belonging to Protopulvinaria sp. include, for example, Protopulvinaria pyriformis, pests belonging to Psallus sp. and Pseudacysta sp. include, for example, Pseudacysta persea, pests belonging to Pseudaonidia sp. include, for example, Pseudaonidia duplex and Pseudaonidia paeoniae, and Pseudaulacaspis sp. Pests belonging to this group include, for example, Pseudaulacaspis pentagona and Pseudaulacaspis prunicola.

[0172] Pests belonging to Pseudococcus spp. include, for example, Pseudococcus calceolariae, Pseudococcus citriculus, Pseudococcus commstocki, Pseudococcus longispinus, Pseudococcus maritimus, and Pseudococcus viburni. Pests belonging to Pseudococcus commstocki and Psuedatomoscelis spp. include, for example, Psuedatomoscelis seriatus, and Psylla spp. Pests belonging to this group include, for example, Psylla abieti, Psylla alni, Psylla buxi, Psylla jamatonica, Psylla mali, Psylla malivorella, Psylla pyri, Psylla pyrisuga, and Psylla tobirae.

[0173] Pests belonging to Psyllopsis spp., Pteromalus spp., and Pulvinaria spp. include, for example, Pulvinaria aurantii, Pulvinaria citricola, and Pulvinaria kuwacola, while pests belonging to Pyrilla spp. and Quadraspidiotus spp. include, for example, Quadraspidiotus juglansregiae, Quadraspidiotus ostreaeformis, and Quadraspidiotus pernicious.

[0174] Pests belonging to Quesada sp. include, for example, Quesada gigas, while pests belonging to Rastrococcus sp. and Recilia sp. include, for example, Recilia dorsalis.

[0175] Pests belonging to Rhizoecus spp. include, for example, Rhizoecus kondonis, and pests belonging to Rhodnius spp. include, for example, Rhodnius prolioxus. Pests belonging to Rhopalosiphum spp. include, for example, Rhopalosiphum maidis, Rhopalosiphum oxyacanthae, Rhopalosiphum nymphaeae, Rhopalosiphum padi, and Rhopalosiphum rufiabdominalis.

[0176] Pests belonging to the Rhopalus spp. group include, for example, Rhopalus msculatus, while pests belonging to the Riptortus spp. group include, for example, Riptortus clavatus.

[0177] Pests belonging to Saccharicoccus spp. include, for example, Saccharicoccus saccharii, and pests belonging to Sahlbergella spp. include, for example, Sahlbergella singularis. Pests belonging to Saissetia spp. include, for example, Saissetia coffee, Saissetia miranda, Saissetia negregta, and Saissetia oleae, and pests belonging to Sappaphis spp. include, for example, Sappaphis piri.

[0178] Pests belonging to the group Scaphoideus spp. include, for example, Scaphoideus titanus, and pests belonging to the group Scaptocoris spp. include, for example, Scaptocoris castanea. Pests belonging to the group Schizaphis spp. include, for example, Schizaphis graminum and Schizaphis piricola, and pests belonging to the group Scotinophara spp. include, for example, Scotinophara coarctata.

[0179] Pests belonging to the groups Scotinophora lurida and Selenaspidus spp. include, for example, Selenaspidus articulatus, and pests belonging to the group Semiaphis spp. include, for example, Semiaphis heracrei. Pests belonging to the group Sipha spp. include, for example, Sipha flava, and pests belonging to the group Siphoninus spp. include, for example, Siphoninus phillyreae.

[0180] Pests belonging to Sitobion sp. include, for example, Sitobion akebiae, Sitobion avenae, and Sitobion ibarae. Pests belonging to Sogata sp. and Sogatella sp. include, for example, Sogatella furcifera and Sogatella panicola. Pests belonging to Sogatodes sp. and Sorhoanus sp. include, for example, Sorhoanus tritici. Pests belonging to Speusotettix sp. include, for example, Speusotettix subfusculus. Stariodes sp. Pests belonging to this group include, for example, Stariodes iwasakii, while pests belonging to Stenocranus sp. include, for example, Stenocranus pacificus.

[0181] Pests belonging to Stenodema spp. include, for example, Stenodema calcarata, Stenodema calcaratum, and Stenodema sibiricum, while pests belonging to Stenotus spp. include, for example, Stenotus binotatus and Stenotus rubrovittatus. Pests belonging to Stephanitis spp. include, for example, Stephanitis fascicarina, Stephanitis nashi, Stephanitis pyrioides, and Stephanitis sashi, while Stictocephala spp. Pests belonging to this group include, for example, Stictocephala festina.

[0182] Pests belonging to Tagosodes spp. include, for example, Tagosodes orizicolus; pests belonging to Taylorilygus spp. include, for example, Taylorilygus pallidulus; pests belonging to Tenalaphara spp. include, for example, Tenalaphara malayensis; and pests belonging to Tetragonocephala spp. and Tetraneura spp. include, for example, Tetraneura nigriabdominalis.

[0183] Pests belonging to the genus *Thaia* include, for example, *Thaia* subrufa, while pests belonging to the genus *Tibraca* and *Tinocallis* include, for example, *Tinocallis caryaefoliae*. Pests belonging to the genus *Togo* include, for example, *Togo hemapterus*, while pests belonging to the genus *Tomaspis* and *Toxoptera* include, for example, *Toxoptera aurantii*, *Toxoptera citricida*, and *Toxoptera citricidus*.

[0184] Pests belonging to Trialeurodes spp. include, for example, Trialeurodes vaporariorum, and pests belonging to Triatoma spp. include, for example, Triatoma dimidiata, Triatoma infantans, and Triatoma rubrofasciata. Pests belonging to Trigonotylus spp. include, for example, Trigonotylus coelestialium, and Trioza spp. Pests belonging to this group include, for example, Trioza camphorae, Trioza diospyri, Trioza erytreae, and Trioza quercicola. Pests belonging to Tuberocephalus spp. include, for example, Tuberocephalus momonis.

[0185] Pests belonging to the Typhyllocyba spp. and Uhlerites spp. include, for example, Uhlerites devile and Uhlerites latius, while pests belonging to the Unaspis spp. include, for example, Unaspis citri, Unaspis euonymi and Unaspis yanonensis.

[0186] Pests belonging to Uroeucon sp. include, for example, Uroeucon formosanaum; pests belonging to Viteus sp. include, for example, Viteus vitifolii; and pests belonging to Zygina sp. and Zyginella sp. include, for example, Zyginella citri.

[0187] Examples of pests belonging to the order Hymenoptera of the class Insecta include the following plant disease pests or sanitary pests: Pests belonging to Acromyrmex spp. and Anoplorepis spp. include Anoplorepis gracilipes, and pests belonging to Apethymus spp. include Apethymus kuri. Pests belonging to Agertos spp. include Agertos spp. include Agertos spp., and pests belonging to Athalia spp. include Athalia japonica and Athalia rosae. Pests belonging to Atta spp. include Atta capiguara.

[0188] Pests belonging to the Camponotus spp. include, for example, Camponotus japonicus and Camponotus obscuripes.

[0189] Pests belonging to the genus Diprion sp. include, for example, Diprion similis, while pests belonging to the genus Dolichovespula sp. and Dryocosmus sp. include, for example, Dryocosmus kuriphilus.

[0190] Pests belonging to the Eciton sp. include, for example, Eciton burchelli and Eciton schmitti.

[0191] Pests belonging to the genus Formica sp. include, for example, Formica japonica.

[0192] Pests belonging to the genus Hoplocampa sp. include, for example, Hoplocampa cookiei and Hoplocampa testudinea.

[0193] Pests belonging to the genus Lasius sp. and Linepitthema sp. include, for example, Linepitthema humile and Linepitthema _humile.

[0194] Pests belonging to the genus Monomorium spp. include, for example, Monomorium pharaonis, while pests belonging to the genus Myrmecia spp. and Neodiprion spp. include, for example, Neodiprion sertifer.

[0195] Pests belonging to the genus Ochetellus sp. include, for example, Ochetellus glaver.

[0196] Pests belonging to the genus Paraponera sp. include, for example, Paraponera clavata, while pests belonging to the genus Paravespula sp. and Pheidole sp. include, for example, Pheidole megacephala and Pheidole noda.

[0197] Pests belonging to Plagiolepis spp. and Pogonomyrmex spp. include, for example, Pogonomyrmex occidentalis, pests belonging to Polistes spp. include, for example, Polistes jokahamae, and pests belonging to Pristomyrmex spp. include, for example, Pristomyrmex punctutus.

[0198] Pests belonging to the Sirex sp. genus include Sirex noctilio, while pests belonging to the Solenopsis sp. genus include Solenopsis geminata and Solenopsis invicta.

[0199] Pests belonging to Tapinoma spp. and Technomyrmex spp. include, for example, Technomyrmex albipes, and pests belonging to Urocerus spp. include, for example, Urocerus gigas. Pests belonging to Vespa spp. include, for example, Vespa analis, Vespa crabro, Vespa mandarina, Vespa simillima, and Vespa velutina. Pests belonging to Wasmania spp. include, for example, Wasmania auropenctata, and Xeris spp. is another example.

[0200] Examples of pests belonging to the order Blattodea in the class Insecta include the following plant disease pests or sanitary pests. Pests belonging to Blatta spp. include, for example, Blatta orientalis, and pests belonging to Blattella spp. include, for example, Blattella germanica.

[0201] Pests belonging to the genus Coptotermes spp. include, for example, Coptotermes formosanaus and Coptotermes guangzhouensis; pests belonging to the genus Cornitermes spp. include, for example, Cornitermes cumulans; and pests belonging to the genus Cryptotermes spp. include, for example, Cryptotermes domesticus.

[0202] Pests belonging to the Glyptotermes spp. include, for example, Glyptotermes fuscus, Glyptotermes nakajimai, and Glyptotermes satsumensis.

[0203] Pests belonging to the genus Hodotermopsis sp. include, for example, Hodotermopsis sjostedti. Pests belonging to the genus Incisitermes sp. include, for example, Incisitermes minor. Pests belonging to the genus Kalotermes sp. and Microtermes sp. include, for example, Microtermes obesi.

[0204] Pests belonging to the group Nasutitermes spp. include, for example, Nasutitermes takasagoensis, and pests belonging to the group Neotermes spp. include, for example, Neotermes koshunensis.

[0205] Pests belonging to the genus Odontotermes spp. include, for example, Odontotermes formosanaus. Pests belonging to the genus Pericapritermes spp. include, for example, Pericapritermes nitobei, and pests belonging to the genus Periplaneta spp. include, for example, Periplaneta Americana, Periplaneta Americana, Periplaneta australasiae, Periplaneta brunnea, Periplaneta fuliginosa, and Periplaneta japonica.

[0206] Pests belonging to the Reticulitermes spp. include, for example, Reticulitermes amamianus, Reticulitermes flavipes, Reticulitermes hesperus, Reticulitermes kanmonensis, Reticulitermes miyatakei, and Reticulitermes speratus.

[0207] Pests belonging to the genus Sinocapritermes sp. include, for example, Sinocapritermes mushae.

[0208] Examples of plant pests belonging to the order Lepidoptera of the class Insecta include the following: Pests belonging to Acanthoplusia spp. include Acanthoplusia agnata, and pests belonging to Acherontia spp. include Acherontia lachesis. Pests belonging to Achroia spp. include Achroia grisella, and pests belonging to Acreris spp. include Acreris comaria.

[0209] Pests belonging to Acosmeryx spp. include, for example, Acosmeryx castanea, and pests belonging to Acrolepiopsis spp. include, for example, Acrolepiopsis sapporensis and Acrolepiopsis suzukiella. Pests belonging to Acronicta spp. include, for example, Acronicta major, and pests belonging to Adoxophyes spp. include, for example, Adoxophyes honmai, Adoxophyes orana, and Adoxophyes orana fasciata.

[0210] Pests belonging to Adris spp. include Adris tyrannus, for example, and pests belonging to Aedia spp. include Aedia leucomelas and Aedia leucomelas. Pests belonging to Agrius spp. include Agrius convolvuli, for example, and pests belonging to Agrotis spp. include Agrotis ipsilon and Agrotis segetum.

[0211] Pests belonging to Alabama spp. include, for example, Alabama argillacea, and pests belonging to Amyelois spp. include, for example, Amyelois transitella. Pests belonging to Anarsia spp. include, for example, Anarsia lineatella, and pests belonging to Angelona spp. include, for example, Angelona prunaria. Pests belonging to Anomis spp. include, for example, Anomis mesogona, and pests belonging to Anticarsia spp. include, for example, Anticarsia gemmatalis and Anticarsia gemmatalis.

[0212] Pests belonging to Archips spp. include, for example, Archips breviplicanus, Archips fuscocupreanus, and Archips xylosteanus, while pests belonging to Argyrestiah spp. include, for example, Argyrestiah conjugella. Pests belonging to Argyroploce spp. and Ascotis spp. include, for example, Ascotis selenaria, while pests belonging to Autographa spp. include, for example, Autographa nigrisigna.

[0213] Pests belonging to Bactra spp. include, for example, Bactra furfurana, and pests belonging to Bambalina spp. include, for example, Bambalina sp. Pests belonging to Barathra spp. include, for example, Barathra brassicae, and pests belonging to Bedellia spp. include, for example, Bedellia somnulentella.

[0214] Pests belonging to Biston spp. include, for example, Biston robotum, and pests belonging to Blastodacna spp. include, for example, Blastodacna atra. Pests belonging to Borbo spp. include, for example, Borbo cinnara, and pests belonging to Brachmia spp. include, for example, Brachmia triannulella. Pests belonging to Bucculatrix spp. include, for example, Bucculatrix pyricorella and Bucculatrix thurbenella, and Bupalus spp. Pests belonging to this group include, for example, Bupalus piniaris, while pests belonging to Busscola spp., Cacoecia spp., and Cadra spp. include, for example, Cadra cautella.

[0215] Pests belonging to Calliteara spp. include, for example, Calliteara pseudobitis, and pests belonging to Caloptilia spp. include, for example, Caloptilia soyella, Caloptilia theivora, Caloptilia theivora, Caloptilia zachrysa, and Caloptilia zachrysa. Pests belonging to Calyptra spp. include, for example, Calyptra gruesa, and pests belonging to Capua spp. include, for example, Capua reticulana.

[0216] Pests belonging to Carpocapsa spp. include, for example, Carpocapsa pomonella, and pests belonging to Carposina spp. include, for example, Carposina niponensis and Carposina sasakii. Pests belonging to Cephonodes hylas, Chaphalocerus spp. and Cheimatobia spp. include, for example, Cheimatobia brumata, and pests belonging to Chilo spp. include, for example, Chilo plejadelus, Chilo polychrysus and Chilo supressalis.

[0217] Pests belonging to Choreutis pariana and Choristoneura spp. include, for example, Choristoneura magnanima, and pests belonging to Chrysodeixis spp. include, for example, Chrysodeixis chalcites and Chrysodeixis includens. Pests belonging to Citripestis spp. include, for example, Citripestis sagittiferella, and pests belonging to Clostera spp. include, for example, Clostera anachoreta and Clostera anastomosis.

[0218] Pests belonging to the Clysia spp. include, for example, Clysia ambiguella, and pests belonging to the Cnaphalocrocis spp. include, for example, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis. Pests belonging to the Cnephasia spp. include, for example, Cnephasia cinereipalpana, and pests belonging to the Colias spp. include, for example, Colias erate_poliographus.

[0219] Pests belonging to Conogetes spp. include, for example, Conogetes punctiferalis, while pests belonging to Conoporpha spp., Conotrachelus spp., Copitarsia spp., and Cossus spp. include, for example, Cossus insularis and Cossus jezoensis. Pests belonging to Ctenoplusia spp. include, for example, Ctenoplusia agnata, and pests belonging to Cuphodes spp. include, for example, Cuphodes diospyrosella.

[0220] Pests belonging to the Cydia spp. include, for example, Cydia kurokoi, Cydia nigrica, and Cydia pomonella, while pests belonging to the Cystidia spp. include, for example, Cystidia couaggaria.

[0221] Examples of pests belonging to Dalaca spp. include Dalaca noctuides, and examples of pests belonging to Dendrolimus spp. include Dendrolimus spectabilis. Examples of pests belonging to Diaphania spp. include Diaphania indica, and examples of pests belonging to Diatraea spp. include Diatraea saccharalis. Examples of pests belonging to Dioryctria spp. include Dioryctria zimmermani.

[0222] Pests belonging to Diparopsis spp., Earias spp., and Ecdytolopha spp. include, for example, Ecdytolopha aurantrum, and pests belonging to Ectomyelois spp. include, for example, Ectomyelois pyrivorella. Pests belonging to Elasmopalpus spp. include, for example, Elasmopalpus lignosellus, and pests belonging to Eldana spp. include, for example, Eldana saccharina.

[0223] Pests belonging to Emmelina spp. include, for example, Emmelina jezonica, and pests belonging to Endoclyta spp. include, for example, Endoclyta excreacens and Endoclyta sinensis. Pests belonging to Endopiza viteana and Ephestia spp. include, for example, Ephestia elutella and Ephestia kuehniella, and pests belonging to Epinotia spp. include, for example, Epinotia aporema. Epiphyas spp. Pests belonging to this group include, for example, Epiphyas postvittana, while pests belonging to Eranis sp. and Erschoviella sp. include, for example, Erschoviella musculana.

[0224] Pests belonging to Etielella sp. include, for example, Etielella zincenella, and pests belonging to Eucoenogenes sp. include, for example, Eucoenogenes aestuosa. Pests belonging to Eudocima sp. and Euhyponomeutoides sp. include, for example, Euhyponomeutoides trachydeltus, and pests belonging to Eulia sp. and Eumeta sp. include, for example, Eumeta japonica and Eumeta minuscule.

[0225] Pests belonging to Eupoecillia spp., Eupoecillia ambiguella, and Eupractis spp. include, for example, Eupractis chrysorrhoea, Eupractis piperita, Eupractis pseudoconspersa, Eupractis similes, Eupractis subflava, and Eupractis taiwana. Pests belonging to Euxoa spp. and Euzophera spp. include, for example, Euzophera batangensis, and also Feltia spp. and Galleria spp. Pests belonging to this group include, for example, Galleria mellonella.

[0226] Pests belonging to the Glyphodes spp. include, for example, Glyphodes pyloalis, while pests belonging to the Gracilaria spp. and Grapholita spp. include, for example, Grapholita dimorpha, Grapholita inopinata, Grapholita molesta, and Grapholita prunivora.

[0227] Pests belonging to Hedylepta spp. and Helicystogramma spp. include, for example, Helicystogramma triannulella, and pests belonging to Helicoverpa spp. include, for example, Helicoverpa armigera, Helicoverpa assulta, Helicoverpa zea, and Helicoverpa zea. Pests belonging to Heliothys spp. include, for example, Heliothys maritime and Heliothys virescens, and pests belonging to Hellulla spp. include, for example, Hellulla undalis.

[0228] Pests belonging to Herpetogramma spp. include, for example, Herpetogramma luctuosale, and pests belonging to Hofmannophila spp. include, for example, Hofmannophila pseudospretella. Pests belonging to Homocosoma spp. and Homona spp. include, for example, Homona magnanima, and pests belonging to Hoshimoa spp. include, for example, Hoshimoa adumbratana. Hyboma spp. Pests belonging to this group include, for example, Hyboma adactum, while pests belonging to Hydraecia spp. include, for example, Hydraecia immanis.

[0229] Pests belonging to Hymenia spp. include, for example, Hymenia recurvalis; pests belonging to Hyphantria spp. include, for example, Hyphantria cunea; and pests belonging to Hyponomeuta spp. include, for example, Hyponomeuta padella.

[0230] Pests belonging to Illiberis spp. include, for example, Illiberis pruni, while pests belonging to Kakivoria spp. include, for example, Kakivoria flavofasciata.

[0231] Pests belonging to Lampides spp. include, for example, Lampides boeticus, while pests belonging to Laphygma spp. and Laspeyresia spp. include, for example, Laspeyresia molesta. Pests belonging to Leguminivora spp. include, for example, Leguminivora gycinivorella, while pests belonging to Lemyra spp. include, for example, Lemyra imparilis. Pests belonging to Leucinodes spp. include, for example, Leucinodes orbonalis, and Leucoptera spp. Pests belonging to this group include, for example, Leucoptera coffeella.

[0232] Pests belonging to Lithocolletis spp. include, for example, Lithocolletis blancardella, and pests belonging to Lithophane spp. include, for example, Lithophane antennata. Pests belonging to Lobesia spp. include, for example, Lobesia botrana, and pests belonging to Lotoia spp. include, for example, Lotoia sinica. Pests belonging to Loxagrotis spp. include, for example, Loxagrotis albicosta, and pests belonging to Lymantria spp. include, for example, Lymantria dispar. Lyonetia spp. Pests belonging to this group include, for example, Lyonetia clerkella, Lyonetia prunifolia, and Lyonetia prunifolia_malinella.

[0233] Pests belonging to Malacosoma spp. include, for example, Malacosoma neustria and Malacosoma neustria testacea, and pests belonging to Mamestra spp. include, for example, Mamestra brassicae. Pests belonging to Manduca spp. include, for example, Manduca quinquemaculata and Manduca sexta, and pests belonging to Marasmia spp. include, for example, Marasmia exigua and Marasmia patnalis.

[0234] Pests belonging to Maruca spp. include, for example, Maruca testularis, and pests belonging to Matsumuraeses spp. include, for example, Matsumuraeses azukivora, Matsumuraeses falcana, and Matsumuraeses phaseoli. Pests belonging to Melantis spp. include, for example, Melantis leda, and pests belonging to Mocis spp. and Monema spp. include, for example, Monema flavescens. Monopis spp. Pests belonging to this group include, for example, Monopis obviella, while pests belonging to Mythimna sp. include, for example, Mythimna separata.

[0235] Pests belonging to Naranga spp. include, for example, Naranga aenescens; pests belonging to Narosoideus spp. include, for example, Narosoideus flavidorsalis; pests belonging to Nemapogon spp. include, for example, Nemapogon cloacellus and Nemapogon granellus; pests belonging to Nippoptilia spp. include, for example, Nippoptilia regulus and Nippoptilia vitis; pests belonging to Nokona spp. include, for example, Nokona feralis; and Notarcha spp. Examples of pests belonging to this group include Notarcha derogate, while examples of pests belonging to Nymphula sp. include Nymphula depunctalis.

[0236] Pests belonging to Odonestis spp. include, for example, Odonestis pruni japonensis, while pests belonging to Oiketicus spp. and Olethreutes spp. include, for example, Olethreutes mori. Pests belonging to Omphisa spp., Operaphora spp. and Orgyia spp. include, for example, Orgyia thyellina, while pests belonging to Oria spp., Orthaga spp. and Orthosia spp. include, for example, Orthosia angustipennis and Orthosia carnipennis. Pests belonging to the Ostrinia spp. include, for example, Ostrinia furnacalis, Ostrinia nubilalis, Ostrinia scapularis, and Ostrinia zaguliaevi.

[0237] Pests belonging to the group Palpifer spp. include, for example, Palpifer sexnotata, and pests belonging to the group Pandemis spp. include, for example, Pandemis dumetana and Pandemis heparana. Pests belonging to the group Panolis spp. include, for example, Panolis flammea, and pests belonging to the group Papilio spp. include, for example, Papilio helenus, Papilio machaon hippocrates and Papilio xuthus.

[0238] Pests belonging to Parathrene spp. include, for example, Parathrene regalis, and pests belonging to Parapediasia spp. include, for example, Parapediasia teterrellus. Pests belonging to Parasa spp. include, for example, Parasa consocia and Parasa lepida, and pests belonging to Parnara spp. include, for example, Parnara guttata. Pests belonging to Pectinophora spp. include, for example, Pectinophora gossypiella, and also Perileucoptera spp. and Phalera spp. Pests belonging to this group include, for example, Phalera flavecens.

[0239] Pests belonging to Phalerodonta spp. include, for example, Phalerodonta manleyi, and pests belonging to Phalonidia spp. include, for example, Phalonidia mesotypa. Pests belonging to Phyrixolepia spp. include, for example, Phyrixolepia sericea, and pests belonging to Phtheochroides spp. include, for example, Phtheochroides clandestina. Phthorimaca spp., Phthorimaea spp. Pests belonging to this group include, for example, Phthorimaea operculella, while pests belonging to Phyllocnistis sp. include, for example, Phyllocnistis citrella and Phyllocnistis toparcha.

[0240] Pests belonging to the Phyllonorecter spp. include, for example, Phyllonorecter blancardella, Phyllonorecter crataegella, and Phyllonorecter ringonialla. Pests belonging to the Pieris spp. include, for example, Pieris brassicae and Pieris rapae crucivora. Pests belonging to the Platynota spp. include, for example, Platynota stultana, and pests belonging to the Platyptilia spp. include, for example, Platyptilia ignifera.

[0241] Pests belonging to Pleuroptya spp. include, for example, Pleuroptya ruralis, and pests belonging to Plodia spp. include, for example, Plodia interpunctella. Pests belonging to Plusia spp. include, for example, Plusia festucae, and pests belonging to Plutella spp. include, for example, Plutella xylostella. Pests belonging to Podesia spp. include, for example, Podesia syringae, and also Prays spp., Prodenia spp., and Protoparce spp. Pests belonging to Pseudaletia spp. include, for example, Pseudaletia separata and Pseudaletia unipuneta. Pests belonging to Pseudoplusia spp. include, for example, Pseudoplusia includes, and pests belonging to Pyrausta spp. include, for example, Pyrausta nubilalis.

[0242] Pests belonging to the genus Rachiplusia spp. include, for example, Rachiplusia nu, while pests belonging to the genus Rupela spp. include, for example, Rupela albina.

[0243] Pests belonging to Schoenovius spp. include, for example, Schoenovius bipuncifer, and pests belonging to Scirpophaga spp. include, for example, Scirpophaga incertulas and Scirpophaga innotata. Pests belonging to Scopeodes contracus and Scotia spp. include, for example, Scotia segetum, and pests belonging to Sesamia spp. include, for example, Sesamia inferens.

[0244] Pests belonging to the families Sparganothis spp. and Spilonota spp. include, for example, Spilonota lechriaspis and Spilonota ocellana, while pests belonging to the family Spilosoma spp. include, for example, Spilosoma imparilis. Spodoptera spp. Examples of pests belonging to this group include Spodoptera cosmioides, Spodoptera depravata, Spodoptera eradiana, Spodoptera eridania, Spodoptera expenta, Spodoptera exigua, Spodoptera frugiparda, Spodoptera littoralis, Spodoptera litura, Spodoptera mauritia, and Spodoptera praefica.

[0245] Pests belonging to Splerina spp. include, for example, Splerina staurota, and pests belonging to Stathmopoda spp. include, for example, Stathmopoda masinissa. Pests belonging to Stauropus spp. include, for example, Stauropus fagi_persimilis, and pests belonging to Stenomama spp. and Stomopteryx spp. include, for example, Stomopteryx subsecivella. Synanthedon spp. Pests belonging to this group include, for example, Synanthedon hector and Synanthedon tenuis.

[0246] Pests belonging to Tecia spp. include, for example, Tecia solanivora, and pests belonging to Telchin spp. include, for example, Telchin licus. Pests belonging to Tetramoera spp. include, for example, Tetramoera schistaceana, and pests belonging to Thaumetopoca spp. and Thermesisa spp. include, for example, Thermesisa gemmatalis.

[0247] Pests belonging to Tinea spp. include, for example, Tinea cloacella, Tinea pellionella, and Tinea translucens, while pests belonging to Tineola spp. include, for example, Tineola bisselliella. Pests belonging to Tortrix spp. and Trianea spp. include, for example, Trianea intermedia, while pests belonging to Trichophaga spp. include, for example, Trichophaga tapetzella.

[0248] Pests belonging to Trichoplusia spp. include, for example, Trichoplusia ni, and pests belonging to Tryporyza spp. include, for example, Tryporyza incertulas. Pests belonging to Tuta spp. include, for example, Tuta absoluta, and pests belonging to Viminia spp. include, for example, Viminia rumicis.

[0249] Pests belonging to the Virachola spp. and Xestia spp. include, for example, Xestia c-nigrum, and pests belonging to the Xyrosaris spp. include, for example, Xyrosaris licheneuta. Pests belonging to the Yponomeuta spp. include, for example, Yponomeuta marinellus.

[0250] Examples of plant pests belonging to the order Orthoptera of the class Insecta include the following plant disease pests: Pests belonging to Acheta spp. include Acheta domestica and Acheta domesticus, and pests belonging to Anabrus spp. include Anabrus simplex, pests belonging to Anacridium spp. include Anabrus melanorhodon, and pests belonging to Austracris spp. include Austracris guttulosa.

[0251] Pests belonging to Calliptamus spp. include, for example, Calliptamus italicus; pests belonging to Camnula spp. include, for example, Camnula pellucida; and pests belonging to Chorticetes spp. include, for example, Chorticetes terminifera.

[0252] Pests belonging to Dichlorous spp. and Dociostaurus spp. include, for example, Dociostaurus maroccanus; pests belonging to Gastrimargus spp. include, for example, Gastrimargus musicalus; and pests belonging to Gryllotalpa spp. include, for example, Gryllotalpa grilllotalpa and Gryllotalpa orientalis.

[0253] Pests belonging to Hieroglyphus spp. and Locusta spp. include, for example, Locusta migratoria, and Locusta migratoria, while pests belonging to Locustana spp. include, for example, Locustana pardalina.

[0254] Pests belonging to the Melanoplus spp. include, for example, Melanoplus bivittatus, Melanoplus devastator, Melanoplus differentialis, Melanoplus femurrubrum, and Melanoplus sanguinipes.

[0255] Pests belonging to Nomadacris spp. include, for example, Nomadacris septemfasciata. Pests belonging to Oxya spp. include, for example, Oxya japonica and Oxya yezoensis. Pests belonging to Paratlanticus spp. include, for example, Paratlanticus usssuriensis, and pests belonging to Patanga spp. include, for example, Patanga succincta.

[0256] Pests belonging to the Schistocerca spp. include, for example, Schistocerca gregaria, while pests belonging to the Teleogryllus spp. include, for example, Teleogryllus emma.

[0257] Pests belonging to the order Psocoptera of the class Insecta include, for example, the following plant disease pests or sanitary pests: Pests belonging to Bovicola spp. include, for example, Bovicola bovis, Bovicola breviceps, and Bovicola ovis. Pests belonging to Cummingsia spp. and Damalnia spp. include, for example, Damalnia forficula.

[0258] Pests belonging to the Felicola spp. group include, for example, Felicola subrostratus, while pests belonging to the Haematopinus spp. group include, for example, Haematopinus eurysternus and Haematopinus suis.

[0259] Pests belonging to Lepinotus spp. and Linognathus spp. include, for example, Linognathus ovillus, Linognathus ovillus, and Linognathus vituli, while pests belonging to Liposcelis spp. include, for example, Liposcelis bostrychophylla, Liposcelis cordens, Liposcelis entomophila, and Liposcelis pearmani.

[0260] Pests belonging to Menacanthus spp. include, for example, Menacanthus stramineus, and pests belonging to Menopon spp. include, for example, Menopon gallinae. Pests belonging to Pediculus spp. include, for example, Pediculus humanus capitis, and pests belonging to Phthyrus spp. include, for example, Phthyrus pubis. Pests belonging to Phylloxera spp. include, for example, Phthyrus vastatrix, and pests belonging to Pthyrus spp. include, for example, Phthyrus pubis.

[0261] Pests belonging to Solenopotes spp. include, for example, Solenopotes capillatus, and pests belonging to Trichodectes spp. include, for example, Trichodectes canis. Pests belonging to Trinoton spp. and Trogium spp. include, for example, Trogium pulsatorium and Werneckiella spp.

[0262] Examples of pests belonging to the order Fleas (or Chiroptera) of the class Insecta include the following sanitary pests: Pests belonging to Ceratophyllus spp. and Ctenocephalides spp. include, for example, Ctenocephalides canis and Ctenocephalides felis. Pests belonging to Echidnophaga spp. include, for example, Echidnophaga gallinacea, and pests belonging to Nosopsillus spp. include, for example, Nosopsillus fasciatus.

[0263] Pests belonging to the group Pulex spp. include, for example, Pulex irritans; pests belonging to the group Tunga spp. include, for example, Tunga penetrans; and pests belonging to the group Xenopsylla spp. include, for example, Xenopsylla cheopis.

[0264] Examples of plant pests belonging to the order Thysanoptera of the class Insecta include the following: Pests belonging to Aeolothrips spp. include Aeolothrips fasciatus and Aeolothrips kurosawai, while pests belonging to Anaphothrips spp. include Anaphothrips obscurus.

[0265] Pests belonging to the genus Baliothrips spp. include, for example, Baliothrips biformis; pests belonging to the genus Chaetanaphotohrips spp. include, for example, Chaetanaphotohrips leeuweni and Chaetanaphotohrips orchidii; and pests belonging to the genus Chirothrips spp. include, for example, Chirothrips manicatus.

[0266] Pests belonging to the Dendrothrips spp. include, for example, Dendrothrips minowai, and pests belonging to the Drepanothrips spp. include, for example, Drepanothrips reuteri.

[0267] Pests belonging to Echinothrips spp. include, for example, Echinothrips americanus, and pests belonging to Enneothrips spp. include, for example, Enneothrips flavens.

[0268] Pests belonging to Frankliniella spp. include, for example, Frankliniella fusca, Frankliniella intonsa, Frankliniella lilibora, Frankliniella occidentalis, Frankliniella schultzei, Frankliniella tenuicornis, Frankliniella tritici, Frankliniella vaccini, and Frankliniella williamsi, while pests belonging to Fulmekiola spp. include, for example, Fulmekiola serrata.

[0269] Pests belonging to Haplothrips spp. include, for example, Haplothrips aculeatus, Haplothrips chinensis, Haplothrips kurdjumov, and Haplothrips niger, while pests belonging to Heliothrips spp. include, for example, Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis.

[0270] Pests belonging to the Hercinothrips spp. group include, for example, Hercinothrips femoralis, while pests belonging to the Hydatothrips spp. group include, for example, Hydatothrips abdominalis.

[0271] Pests belonging to Kakothrips spp. and Leeuwenia spp. include, for example, Leeuwenia pasanii; pests belonging to Liothrips spp. include, for example, Liothrips floridensis, Liothrips vaneeckei, and Liothrips wasabiae; and pests belonging to Litotetotothrips spp. include, for example, Litotetotothrips pasaniae.

[0272] Pests belonging to the genus Megalothrips spp. include, for example, Megalothrips distalis; pests belonging to the genus Microcephalothrips spp. include, for example, Microcephalothrips abdominalis; and pests belonging to the genus Mycterothrips spp. include, for example, Mycterothrips glycines.

[0273] Pests belonging to the group Ponticulothrips spp. include, for example, Ponticulothrips diospyrosi; pests belonging to the group Pseudodendrothrips spp. include, for example, Pseudodendrothrips mori; and pests belonging to the group Rhipipphorothrips spp. include, for example, Rhipipphorothrips cruentatus.

[0274] Pests belonging to the group Scritothrips spp. include, for example, Scritothrips dorsalis and Scritothrips perseae; pests belonging to the group Scopaeothrips spp. include, for example, Scopaeothrips unicolor; pests belonging to the group Selenothrips spp. include, for example, Selenothrips rubrocinctus; and pests belonging to the group Stenchaetothrips spp. include, for example, Stenchaetothrips biformis.

[0275] Pests belonging to the genus Taeniothrips spp. include, for example, Taeniothrips cardamomi, while pests belonging to the genus Thrips spp. include, for example, Thrips alliorum, Thrips coloratus, Thrips flavus, Thrips hawaiiensis, Thrips nigropilosus, Thrips palmi, Thrips setosus, Thrips simplex, and Thrips tabaci.

[0276] Pests belonging to the genus Xylaprootrips spp. include, for example, Xylaprootrips subterraneus.

[0277] Pests belonging to the order Silverfish of the class Insecta include, for example, the following sanitary pests: Pests belonging to Ctenolepisma spp. include Ctenolepisma villosa, for example, pests belonging to Lepisma spp. include Lepisma saccharina, for example, pests belonging to Lepismodes spp. include Lepismodes inquilinus, and pests belonging to Thermobia spp. include Thermobia domestica.

[0278] Pests belonging to the order Collembola of the class Insecta include, for example, the following plant disease pests or sanitary pests: Pests belonging to Bourletiella spp. include, for example, Bourletiella hortensis; pests belonging to Onychiurus spp. include, for example, Onychiurus armatus, Onychiurus folsomi, Onychiurus sibiricus; and pests belonging to Sminthurus spp. include, for example, Sminthurus viridis.

[0279] Examples of pests belonging to the order Acari (acari) of the class Arachnida include the following plant disease pests or sanitary pests: Pests belonging to Acaphylla spp. include Acaphylla theavagrans, Pests belonging to Acarus spp. include Acarus siro, Pests belonging to Aceria spp. include Aceria diospyri, Aceria japonica, Aceria kuko, Aceria paradianthi, Aceria sheldoni, Aceria tosichella, Aceria tulipae, etc.

[0280] Pests belonging to Aculops spp. include, for example, Aculops lycopersici and Aculops pelekassi; pests belonging to Aculus spp. include, for example, Aculus fockeui and Aculus schlechtendali; and pests belonging to Aleuglyphus spp. include, for example, Aleuglyphus ovatus.

[0281] Pests belonging to the group Amblyoma sp. include, for example, Amblyoma mericanum and Amblyoma maculatum; pests belonging to the group Amphitetranychus sp. include, for example, Amphitetranychus viennenensis; and pests belonging to the group Argas sp. include, for example, Argas persicus.

[0282] Pests belonging to Boophilus spp. include, for example, Boophilus microplus; pests belonging to Brevipalpus spp. include, for example, Brevipalpus lewisi, Brevipalpus obovatus, Brevipalpus phoenicis, Brevipalpus russulus; and pests belonging to Bryobia spp. include, for example, Bryobia eharai, Bryobia graminum, Bryobia praetiosa, Bryobia rubrioculus.

[0283] Pests belonging to the genus Calacarus spp. include, for example, Calacarus carinatus; pests belonging to the genus Calepitrimerus spp. include, for example, Calepitrimerus vitis; and pests belonging to the genus Caloglyphus spp. include, for example, Caloglyphus berlesei.

[0284] Pests belonging to Centruroides spp. and Cheiracanthium spp. include, for example, Cheiracanthium japonicum; pests belonging to Chelacaropsis spp. include, for example, Chelacaropsis moorei; and pests belonging to Cheyletiella spp. include, for example, Cheyletiella blakei and Cheyletiella yasguri.

[0285] Pests belonging to Cheyletus spp. include, for example, Cheyletus eruditus and Cheyletus malaccensis, while pests belonging to Chorioptes spp. and Colomerus spp. include, for example, Colomerus vitis.

[0286] Pests belonging to Demodex spp. include, for example, Demodex canis and Demodex cati, while pests belonging to Dermacenter spp. include, for example, Dermacenter andersoni, Dermacenter occidentalis, Dermacenter reticulatus, Dermacenter taiwanensis and Dermacenter variabilis.

[0287] Pests belonging to the group Demanyssus spp. include, for example, Demanyssus gallinae; pests belonging to the group Dermatophagoides spp. include, for example, Dermatophagoides farina, Dermatophagoides farinae, and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus; and pests belonging to the group Dolicotetranychus spp. include, for example, Dolicotetranychus florodanaus.

[0288] Pests belonging to the genus Eoteranychus sp. include, for example, Eoteranychus shii, Eoteranychus suginamensis, Eoteranychus boreus, Eoteranychus geniculatus, Eoteranychus hicoriae, Eoteranychus kankitus, Eoteranychus pruni, Eoteranychus sexmanaculatus, Eoteranychus smichi, and Eoteranychus uncatus.

[0289] Pests belonging to Epitrimerus spp. include, for example, Epitrimerus pyri; pests belonging to Eriophyes spp. include, for example, Eriophyes chibaensis and Eriophyes pyri; and pests belonging to Eutetranychus spp. include, for example, Eutetranychus banksi.

[0290] Pests belonging to the Glycyphagus spp. include, for example, Glycyphagus domesticus, while pests belonging to the Haemaphysalis spp. include, for example, Haemaphysalis campanulata, Haemaphysalis flava, Haemaphysalis campanulata, Haemaphysalis japonica, Haemaphysalis longicornis, and Haemaphysalis megaspinosa. Examples of pests include Halotydeus destroyer and Halotydeus, while pests belonging to Hemitarsonemus sp. include Hemitarsonemus latus.

[0291] Pests belonging to Hyaloma spp. and Ixodes spp. include, for example, Ixodes holocyclus, Ixodes nipponensis, Ixodes ovatus, Ixodes pacificus, Ixodes persulcatus, Ixodes ricinus, and Ixodes scapularis. Pests belonging to Knemidocoptes spp. include, for example, Knemidocoptes mutans.

[0292] Pests belonging to the group Landoglyphus spp. include, for example, Landoglyphus konoi; pests belonging to the group Latrodectus spp. include, for example, Latrodectus hasselti; and pests belonging to the group Leptotrombidium spp. include, for example, Leptotrombidium akamushi, Leptotrombidium pallidum, and Leptotrombidium scutellare.

[0293] Pests belonging to the genus Listrophorus spp. include Listrophorus gibbus, while pests belonging to the genus Loxosceles spp. and Neutrombicula spp. include Neutrombicula autumnalis.

[0294] Pests belonging to the genus *Notoedes* include, for example, *Notoedes* cati, *Notoedes* muris, *Nuphersa* sp., and *Oligonychus* sp. Examples of pests that belong to the ilicis, Oligonychus indicus, Oligonychus karamatus, Oligonychus mangiferus, Oligonychus orthius, Oligonychus perditus,Oligonychus pratensis,Oligonychus punicae,Oligonychus pustulosus,Oligonychus These include shinkajii, Oligonychus ununguis, Oligonychus yothersi, Ornithodoros hermsi, Ornithodoros turicata, Ornithonyssus bacoti, Ornithonyssus sylviarum, etc.

[0295] Pests belonging to Otodectes cynotis and Panonychus sp. include, for example, Panonychus citri, Panonychus mori, and Panonychus ulmi; pests belonging to Pentamerismus sp. include, for example, Pentamerismus oregonensis; pests belonging to Penthaleus sp. include, for example, Penthaleus erythrocephalus and Penthaleus major; and pests belonging to Petrobia sp. include, for example, Petrobia latens.

[0296] Pests belonging to Phyllocoptruta spp. include, for example, Phyllocoptruta citri and Phyllocoptruta oleivora; pests belonging to Phytonemus spp. include, for example, Phytonemus pallidus; pests belonging to Platytetranychus spp. include, for example, Platytetranychus multidigituli; pests belonging to Polyphagotarsonemus spp. include, for example, Polyphagotarsonemus latus; and Psoroptes spp. Pests belonging to this group include, for example, Psoroptes equi and Psoroptes ovis, while pests belonging to Pyemotes sp. include, for example, Pyemotes ventricosus.

[0297] Pests belonging to Rhipicephalus spp. include, for example, Rhipicephalus annulatas, Rhipicephalus appendiculatas, Rhipicephalus decorativeatas, Rhipicephalus microplus, and Rhipicephalus sanguineus, while pests belonging to Rhizoglyphus spp. include, for example, Rhizoglyphus robini.

[0298] Pests belonging to the group Sarcoptes spp. include, for example, Sarcoptes scabiei; pests belonging to the group Schizotetranychus spp. include, for example, Schizotetranychus celerius, Schizotetranychus recki, Schizotetranychus schizopus; and pests belonging to the group Scorpio spp. include, for example, Scorpio maurus.

[0299] Pests belonging to Shevtchenkella spp. include, for example, Shevtchenkella sp., pests belonging to Steneotarsonemau spp. include, for example, Steneotarsonemau pallidus, and pests belonging to Suidasia spp. include, for example, Suidasia nesbitti.

[0300] Pests belonging to Tarsonemus sp. include, for example, Tarsonemus bilobatus and Tarsonemus waitei, while pests belonging to Tenuipalpus sp. include, for example, Tenuipalpus zhizhilashviriae, and Tetranychus sp. For example, pests belonging to phaselus, Tetranychus truncatus, Tetranychus urticae, Tetranychus viennensis, and the like.

[0301] Pests belonging to Tuckerella spp. include Tuckerella pavoniformis, pests belonging to Tyrophagus spp. include Tyrophagus putrescentiae and Tyrophagus similis, and pests belonging to Varroa spp. include Varroa jacobsoni.

[0302] Examples of pests belonging to the class Chilopoda include the following sanitary pests: Pests belonging to Bothropolis spp. include Bothropolis rugosus, pests belonging to Geophilus spp. and Scolopendra spp. include Scolopendra subsp.ipes, and pests belonging to Scutigera spp. and Thereuonema spp. include Thereuonema hilgendorfi.

[0303] Examples of pests belonging to the class Dipsyde include the following plant disease pests or sanitary pests: Pests belonging to Blaniulus spp. include Blaniulus guttulatus, pests belonging to Nedyopus spp. include Nedyopus tambanus, and pests belonging to Oxidus spp. include Oxidus gracilis.

[0304] Pests belonging to the order Isopoda of the class Malacostraca include, for example, the following: Pests belonging to Armadillidium spp. include, for example, Armadillidium vulgare; pests belonging to Oniscus spp. include, for example, Oniscus asellus; pests belonging to Porcellio spp. include, for example, Porcellio scaber; and pests belonging to Armadillidium spp. include, for example, Armadillidium vulgare.

[0305] Examples of pests belonging to the class Scolopendris include the following plant disease pests or sanitary pests. Pests belonging to the class Scutigerella spp. include, for example, Scutigerella immaculata.

[0306] Examples of harmful mollusks include the following gastropods: Pests belonging to Achatina spp. include Achatina fulica, Pests belonging to Acusta spp. include Acusta despecta sieboldiana, Pests belonging to Arion spp. include Arion aterrufus, and Pests belonging to Austropeple spp. include Austropeple olula.

[0307] Pests belonging to Biomphalaria spp., Bulinus spp., and Deroceras spp. include, for example, Deroceras laeve; pests belonging to Euhadra spp. include, for example, Euhadra peliomphala; and pests belonging to Galba spp. and Limax spp. include, for example, Limax flavus, Limax marginatus, and Limax Valentiana.

[0308] Pests belonging to the Lymnaea spp. and Megimatium spp. groups include, for example, Megimatium bilineatum, while pests belonging to the Oncomelania spp. and Pomacea spp. groups include, for example, Pomacea canaliculata and Succinea spp.

[0309] Examples of pests belonging to the harmful nematodes include the following plant disease pests or sanitary pests: Pests belonging to Aglenchus spp. include Aglenchus agricola, pests belonging to Anguina spp. include Anguina tritici, and pests belonging to Aphelenchoides spp. include Aphelenchoides arachidis, Aphelenchoides besseyi, and Aphelenchoides fragariae.

[0310] Pests belonging to Belonolaimus spp. include, for example, Belonolaimus gracilis, Belonolaimus longicaudatus, and Belonolaimus nortoni, while pests belonging to Bursaphalenchus spp. include, for example, Bursaphalenchus cocophyllus, Bursaphalenchus eremus, and Bursaphalenchus xylophilus.

[0311] Pests belonging to Cacopaurus spp. include, for example, Cacopaurus pestis, and pests belonging to Criconemella spp. include, for example, Criconemella curvata, Criconemella onoensis, Criconemella ornata, Criconemella rusium, and Criconemella xenoplax. Pests belonging to Criconemodes spp. include, for example, Criconemodes ferniae, Criconemodes onoense, and Criconemodes ornatum.

[0312] Pests belonging to the genus Ditylenchus sp. include, for example, Ditylenchus dipsaci, while pests belonging to the genus Dolichodorus sp. and Globodera sp. include, for example, Globodera pallida, Globodera pallida, Globodera rostochiensis, Globodera rostochiensis, Globodera rostochiensis, etc.

[0313] Pests belonging to Helicotylenchus spp. include, for example, Helicotylenchus dihystera, while pests belonging to Hemicriconemoides spp., Hemicycliophora spp., and Heterode spp. include, for example, Heterode raglycines, and pests belonging to Heterodera spp. include, for example, Heterodera avenae, Heterodera glycines, and Heterodera schachtii.

[0314] Pests belonging to the groups Hirschmaniella spp., Hoplolamus spp., and Longidorus spp. include, for example, Longidorus africanus, while pests belonging to the group Meloidogyne spp. include, for example, Meloidogyne chitwoodi, Meloidogyne chitwoodi, Meloidogyne enterolobii, Meloidogyne fallax, Meloidogyne hapla, Meloidogyne incognita, and Meloidogyne javanica.

[0315] Pests belonging to Meloinema spp., Nacobbus spp., Neotylenchus spp., and Nothotylenchus spp. include, for example, Nothotylenchus acris, and Paralongidorus spp., Paraphelenchus spp., Paratrichodorus minor, Paratylenchus spp., Prathylenchus coffeae, Prathylenchus penetrans, and Prathylenchus vulnus.

[0316] Pests belonging to the genus Pratylenchus sp. include, for example, Pratylenchus brachyurus, Pratylenchus coffeee, Pratylenchus negregtus, and Pratylenchus penetrans, while pests belonging to the genus Pseudohalenchus sp., Psilenchus sp., Punctodera sp., Quinisulcius sp., and Radopholus sp. include, for example, Radopholus citrophilus and Radopholus similis.

[0317] Pests belonging to the Rotylenchulus sp. include, for example, Rotylenchulus reniformis, while pests belonging to the Rotylenchus sp., Scutellonema sp., Subanguina sp., and Trichodorus sp. include, for example, Trichodorus obtusus and Trichodorus primitivus.

[0318] Pests belonging to Tylenchorhynchus sp. include, for example, Tylenchorhynchus annulatus; pests belonging to Tylenchulus sp. include, for example, Tylenchulus semipenetrans; and pests belonging to Xiphienema sp. include, for example, Xiphienema index.

[0319] While plant disease and sanitary pests have been given as examples of suitable pests, the pests may also be fungi that cause plant diseases. Furthermore, plant diseases caused by fungi may be controlled by controlling plant disease and sanitary pests.

[0320] In one embodiment of the present invention, the harmful organism is preferably at least one insect selected from the group consisting of harmful arthropods, harmful mollusks, and harmful nematodes, and more preferably at least one insect selected from harmful arthropods.

[0321] If the harmful organism is at least one insect selected from harmful arthropods, it is more preferable that it is at least one insect selected from the group consisting of thrips, flies, true bugs, butterflies, cockroaches, and mites.

[0322] In one embodiment of the present invention, it is more preferable that the pest is at least one insect selected from the group consisting of the families Thripsidae, Leafminers, Culicidae, Pentatomidae, Whiteflies, Mealybugs, Noctuidae, Diamondback moths, Blattodea, and Spider mites.

[0323] In one aspect of the present invention, it is particularly preferable that the pest is at least one insect selected from the group consisting of the western flower thrips, tomato leafminer, Aedes aegypti, peach aphid, cotton aphid, bed bug, tobacco whitefly, beet armyworm, armyworm, tobacco budworm, diamondback moth, German cockroach, and two-spotted spider mite.

[0324] In one embodiment of the present invention, when the pest control composition comprises component (1) brofuranilide and component (2) flumethkin, the pests that can exhibit a sufficient control effect are preferably at least one insect selected from harmful arthropods, more preferably at least one insect selected from the group consisting of the families Leafminers, Culicidae, Pentatomidae, Whiteflies, Mealybugs, Noctuidae, Blattidae and Spider Mites, and particularly preferably at least one insect selected from the group consisting of Tomato Leafminer, Aedes aegypti, Peach Aphid, Cotton Aphid, Bed Bug, Tobacco Whitefly, Beet Armyworm, Armyworm, Tobacco Budworm, German Cockroach and Two-spotted Spider Mite.

[0325] In one aspect of the present invention, when the pest control composition comprises component (1) brofuranilide and component (2) lepimectin, the pests that can exert a sufficient control effect are preferably at least one insect selected from harmful arthropods, more preferably at least one insect selected from the group consisting of thrips, flies, true bugs, lepidoptera, cockroaches and acari, even more preferably at least one insect selected from the group consisting of thripidae, leafminers, cucumbers, true bugs, whiteflies, mealybugs, cockroaches and spider mites, and particularly preferably at least one insect selected from the group consisting of the western flower thrips, tomato leafminer, Aedes aegypti, peach aphid, cotton aphid, bed bug, tobacco whitefly, German cockroach and two-spotted spider mite.

[0326] In one aspect of the present invention, when component (1) is a pest control composition comprising brofuranilide and component (2) is a compound other than flumethoquin, lepimectin, flupyradiflon, and pyrifluquinazone, the pest that can exert a sufficient control effect is preferably at least one insect selected from harmful arthropods, and more preferably at least one insect selected from the group consisting of thrips, flies, true bugs, lepidoptera, cockroaches, and mites, such as thrips, lepidoptera, and mites. It is more preferably at least one pest selected from the group consisting of the families Lithophoridae, Culicidae, Pentatomidae, Whiteflyidae, Mealybugidae, Noctuidae, Diamondback moths, Blattidae and Spider Mites, and it is particularly preferably at least one pest selected from the group consisting of the southern flower thrips, tomato leafminer, Aedes aegypti, peach aphid, cotton aphid, bed bug, tobacco whitefly, beet armyworm, armyworm, tobacco budworm, diamondback moth, German cockroach and two-spotted spider mite. In one embodiment of the present invention, when the pest control composition comprises component (1) brofuranilide and component (2) flupyradiflon, the pests that can exhibit a sufficient control effect are preferably at least one insect selected from harmful arthropods, and more preferably at least one insect selected from the group consisting of thrips, flies, true bugs, lepidoptera, cockroaches and mites, and include the families Thripidae, Lepidoptera, Cucinidae, Pentatomidae, Whiteflies, Mealybugs, Noctuidae, Diamondback moths, Cockroaches and Spider mites. It is more preferably at least one pest selected from the group consisting of the following, and it is particularly preferably at least one pest selected from the group consisting of the western flower thrips, tomato leafminer, Aedes aegypti, peach aphid, cotton aphid, bed bug, tobacco whitefly, beet armyworm, cutworm, tobacco budworm, diamondback moth, German cockroach and two-spotted spider mite, and it is most preferably at least one pest selected from the group consisting of the western flower thrips, peach aphid, cotton aphid and beet armyworm.In one embodiment of the present invention, when the pest control composition comprises component (1) brofuranilide and component (2) pyrifluquinazon, the pests that can exert a sufficient control effect are preferably at least one insect selected from harmful arthropods, more preferably at least one insect selected from the group consisting of flies, true bugs, cockroaches and mites, even more preferably at least one insect selected from the group consisting of leafminers, cucumbers, true bugs, whiteflies, mealybugs, cockroaches and spider mites, particularly preferably at least one insect selected from the group consisting of tomato leafminer, Aedes aegypti, peach aphid, cotton aphid, bed bug, tobacco whitefly, German cockroach and two-spotted spider mite, and most preferably at least one insect selected from the group consisting of peach aphid, cotton aphid and beet armyworm.

[0327] The formulation of the pest control composition of this embodiment is not particularly limited, but examples include powders, granules, wettable powders, water-soluble powders, oils, flowables, liquids, emulsions, capsules, etc. Other components can be added to the pest control composition for various purposes. Other components are not particularly limited as long as they are substances used in pesticides, but examples include carriers, surfactants, binders, disintegrants, stabilizers, pH adjusters, antibacterial agents, antifungal agents, thickeners, defoaming agents, antifreeze agents, colorants, fillers, preservatives, etc.

[0328] Examples of carriers include solid carriers, liquid carriers, and gaseous carriers. Examples of solid carriers include mineral powders, synthetic resin powders, powders derived from plants and animals, and inorganic salts. Examples of liquid carriers include water, protic organic solvents, and aprotic organic solvents. Examples of gaseous carriers include air, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide.

[0329] Examples of surfactants include nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, and amphoteric surfactants. Examples of stabilizers include antioxidants and ultraviolet absorbers. Examples of pH adjusters include inorganic acids, organic acids, inorganic bases, and organic bases. Examples of colorants include inorganic pigments, organic pigments, and dyes.

[0330] <Methods for controlling plant diseases, plant pests, or sanitary pests> As a method for controlling plant diseases, plant pests, or sanitary pests (in this specification, this may be simply referred to as "methods for controlling plant pests"), the above-mentioned pest control composition can be applied to plants, seeds, soil, facilities, or living spaces.

[0331] In one embodiment of the present invention, methods of applying the pest control composition include, for example, foliar spraying on individual plants, treatment of seedling trays, spraying on soil surfaces, soil mixing after spraying on soil surfaces, injection into soil, mixing into seedling growing medium, seedling bed treatment, soil mixing after injection into soil, soil drenching, soil mixing after soil drenching, spraying on plant seeds, coating on plant seeds, immersion or powder coating on plant seeds, spraying on buildings, equipment or articles, coating on buildings, equipment or articles, immersion on building materials, fumigation in facilities or living spaces, direct spraying on insects, mixing into bait, or dropping into water in water tanks or septic tanks. The pest control composition of the present invention is generally effective in any application method used by those skilled in the art.

[0332] Methods for controlling plant diseases or plant pests include any of the following methods (A) to (C).

[0333] (A) A method for applying a pest control composition containing the above components (1) and (2).

[0334] (B) A method of implementation in which a composition containing component (1) and a composition containing component (2) are applied simultaneously.

[0335] (C) A method of implementation in which one of the above-mentioned compositions containing component (1) and (2) is applied, and then the other composition is applied. That is, of the above-mentioned compositions containing component (1) and (2), the method of implementation may be to apply the composition containing component (1) first, and then the composition containing component (2), or of the above-mentioned compositions containing component (1) and (2), the method of implementation may be to apply the composition containing component (2) first, and then the composition containing component (1).

[0336] The time (period) between applying one of the compositions containing component (1) or (2) above and applying the other composition is not particularly limited as long as it is effective in controlling plant diseases or plant pests. For example, it may be 1 minute to 2 weeks after applying one of the compositions, preferably 5 minutes to 1 week after applying one of the compositions, and more preferably 10 minutes to 3 days after applying one of the compositions. Furthermore, the order in which to apply the pest control composition is not particularly limited as long as it is effective in controlling plant diseases or plant pests, but can be appropriately selected and determined depending on the target plant pests, plants, and other environmental factors related to application.

[0337] The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples. Note that the concentrations of component (1) and component (2) in ppm refer to mg / L.

[0338] Sample Preparation and Test Method (1): Sample Preparation and Test Method for Evaluation of Green Peach Aphids under Indoor Conditions A 1% agar solution was prepared and poured into a glass tube bottle with a diameter of 40 mm and a depth of 60 mm, filling it to about 80%, and allowed to solidify at room temperature. Then, a small amount of 1% agar was added as an adhesive, and a cabbage leaf with a diameter of 35 mm was placed upside down on top. Approximately 7 adult green peach aphids were released, the glass tube was placed upside down on a grid, and left in a constant temperature room at 25°C. After 24 hours, the adults were removed and the first instar larvae were counted.

[0339] For drug preparation, a DMSO solution was prepared by diluting the active ingredient to a concentration of 25,000 ppm, and then adjusting the concentration using 0.01% aqueous solutions of Gramin® S, Polyace® A520G, and Newcol® 710. 0.5 ml of the test agent was sprayed onto the counted glass tube vials using an airbrush, and after air drying, the vials were left in a constant temperature room at 25°C. After a predetermined date, the number of live and dead insects attached to the leaves and on the grid was counted, and the mortality rate (%) ((number of dead insects / number of test insects) * 100) was calculated.

[0340] Sample Preparation and Test Method (2): Sample Preparation and Test Method for Evaluation of Spodoptera litura under Indoor Conditions The active ingredient was dissolved in acetone, and then diluted with four times the volume of Gramin® S 0.02% aqueous solution to prepare the required concentration. Cabbage leaf pieces cut into 7 cm squares were immersed in the chemical for 30 seconds and air-dried. After air-drying, they were placed in 9 cm polyethylene cups lined with filter paper, and second-instar larvae of Spodoptera litura were released. The samples were left in a 25°C high-temperature room, and after a predetermined date, the number of live and dead insects was counted, and the mortality rate % ((number of dead insects / number of test insects) * 100) was calculated.

[0341] Sample Preparation and Test Method (3): Sample Preparation and Test Method for Evaluating Cotton Aphids under Indoor Conditions A 1% agar solution was prepared and poured into a glass tube bottle with a diameter of 40 mm and a depth of 60 mm, filling it to about 80%, and allowed to solidify at room temperature. Then, a small amount of 1% agar was added as an adhesive, and a cucumber leaf with a diameter of 35 mm was placed upside down on top. Approximately 7 adult cotton aphids were released, the glass tube was placed upside down on a grid, and left in a constant temperature room at 25°C. After 24 hours, the adults were removed and the first instar larvae were counted.

[0342] For drug preparation, a DMSO solution was prepared by diluting the active ingredient to a concentration of 25,000 ppm, and then adjusting the concentration using 0.01% aqueous solutions of Gramin® S, Polyace® A520G, and Newcol® 710. 0.5 ml of the test agent was sprayed onto the counted glass tube vials using an airbrush, and after air drying, the vials were left in a constant temperature room at 25°C. After a predetermined date, the number of live and dead insects attached to the leaves and on the grid was counted, and the mortality rate (%) ((number of dead insects / number of test insects) * 100) was calculated.

[0343] Sample Preparation and Test Method (4): Sample Preparation and Test Method for Evaluation of Western Flower Thrips under Indoor Conditions The active ingredient was dissolved in acetone, and then diluted with four times the volume of Gramin® S 0.02% aqueous solution to prepare the required concentration. Cucumber leaf pieces cut into 4 cm squares were immersed in the chemical for 30 seconds and air-dried. After air-drying, they were placed in 6 cm polyethylene cups with 2% agar on the bottom, and Western Flower Thrips adults were released into them. The samples were left in a 25°C high-temperature room, and after a predetermined date, the number of live and dead insects was counted, and the mortality rate % ((number of dead insects / number of test insects) * 100) was calculated.

[0344] Sample Preparation and Test Method (5): Sample Preparation and Test Method for Evaluation of Green Peach Aphids under Greenhouse Conditions Approximately 300 green peach aphids were released into cabbage plants planted in pots, and the larvae and adults were counted after 24 hours. For the preparation of the pesticide, a DMSO solution was prepared by diluting the active ingredient to a concentration of 25,000 ppm, and the required concentration was prepared using 0.01% aqueous solutions of Gramin® S, Polyace® A520G, and Newcol® 710. 2.5 ml of the test agent was sprayed onto the counted pots using an airbrush, and after air drying, the pots were left in a glass greenhouse. After a predetermined date, the number of live aphids infesting the plants was counted, and the observed value % (1 - ((number of individuals after a predetermined number of days in the treated area / number of individuals before the start of the test in the treated area) * (number of individuals before the start of the test in the untreated area / number of individuals after a predetermined number of days in the untreated area)) * 100) was calculated.

[0345] Sample Preparation and Test Method (6): Sample Preparation and Test Method for Evaluating Cotton Aphids under Greenhouse Conditions Approximately 100 cotton aphids were released into cucumber plants planted in pots, and the larvae and adults were counted after 24 hours. For the preparation of the pesticide, a DMSO solution was prepared by diluting the active ingredient to a concentration of 25,000 ppm, and then adjusting the concentration to the required level using 0.01% aqueous solutions of Gramin® S, Polyace® A520G, and Newcol® 710. The counted pots were sprayed with 2.5 ml of the test agent using an airbrush, air-dried, and then left in a glass greenhouse. After a predetermined date, the number of live aphids infesting the plants was counted, and the observed value % (1 - ((number of individuals after the predetermined number of days in the treated area / number of individuals before the start of the test in the treated area) * (number of individuals before the start of the test in the untreated area / number of individuals after the predetermined number of days in the untreated area)) * 100) was calculated.

[0346] <Example 1> A pest control composition containing one of the following as component (1): profuranilide, cyprofranilide, piperfuranilide, isocycloceram, or fluxamethamide, and one of the following as component (2): nicoflurprole, benzpyrimoxane, fluhexafone, flumethoquin, lepimectin, flupyradiflon, pyrifluquinazone, ticlopyrazoflor, cibenzoxasulfyl, thiapyrachlor, spidoxamato, indazapyroxamato, or flupyroxystrobin was prepared according to sample preparation and test method (1). The pest control composition was applied to first instar larvae of the green peach aphid, a pest belonging to the family Aphididae, order Hemiptera, by spraying cabbage, leaf discs, or insect bodies. The results after 3 days and 6 days after treatment are shown in Tables 1 to 13.

[0347] Tables 1-13 show the insect mortality rate at each specified concentration, and the predicted value for each concentration combination can be calculated using the Colby formula below: E = X + Y - XY / 100 X: Observed value (insect mortality rate) of agent A at concentration x Y: Observed value (insect mortality rate) of agent B at concentration y E: Expected insect mortality rate when agent A and agent B are mixed together. If the obtained result is greater than the predicted value, it is analyzed as a synergistic effect; if the predicted value is greater than the observed value, it is analyzed as an antagonistic effect; and if the observed value and the predicted value are the same, it is analyzed as an additive effect.

[0348]

[0349]

[0350]

[0351]

[0352] The results in Tables 1 to 4 show that in efficacy tests against peach aphids under indoor conditions, the mortality rate of compositions combining broflanilide as component (1) and one of the following as component (2): benzpyrimoxane, lepimectin, nicoflurprole, pyrifluquinazone, fluhexafone, flomethoquin, flupyradiflon, ticlopyrazoflor, cibenzoxasulfyl, thiapyrachlor, spidoxamato, indazapyroxamato, or flupyroxystrobin exceeded the predicted value E obtained from Colby's formula when each compound was used alone, indicating a synergistic effect.

[0353]

[0354]

[0355]

[0356] The results in Tables 5 to 7 show that in efficacy tests against the peach aphid under indoor conditions, the mortality rate of compositions combining cyprofuranilide as component (1) and one of the following as component (2): flomethoquin, flupyradiflon, nicoflurprole, benzpyrimoxane, fluhexaphon, pyrifluquinazone, lepimectin, or thiapyrachlor exceeded the predicted value E obtained from the Colby formula when each compound was used alone, indicating a synergistic effect.

[0357]

[0358]

[0359] The results in Tables 8 and 9 show that in efficacy tests against the peach aphid under indoor conditions, the mortality rate of compositions combining piperfuranilide as component (1) and one of the following as component (2): cyclaniliprole, ticlopyrazoflor, nicoflurprole, flupyradiflon, frometoquin, benzpyrimoxane, lepimectin, or indazapyroxamato exceeded the predicted value E obtained from Colby's formula when each compound was used alone, indicating a synergistic effect.

[0360]

[0361]

[0362] The results in Tables 10 to 11 show that in efficacy tests against the peach aphid under indoor conditions, the mortality rates of compositions combining isocycloceram as component (1) and one of the following components (2): fromhmetoquin, nicoflurprole, or benzpyrimoxane, exceeded the predicted value E obtained from the Colby formula when each compound was used individually, indicating a synergistic effect.

[0363]

[0364]

[0365] The results in Tables 12 to 13 show that in efficacy tests against peach aphids under indoor conditions, the mortality rate of the composition combining fluxamethamide as component (1) and nicoflurprole, benzpyrimoxane, and fluhexaphon as component (2) exceeded the predicted value E obtained from the Colby formula when each compound was used individually, indicating a synergistic effect.

[0366] <Example 2> A pest control composition containing broflanilide as component (1) and one of nicoflurprole, pyriflurquinazone, flupyraziflon, fluhexafone, flomethoquin, metaflumizone, lepimectin, or cibenzoxasulfil as component (2) was prepared according to sample preparation and test method (2). The pest control composition was applied to second instar larvae of the beet armyworm, a pest belonging to the family Noctuidae in the order Lepidoptera, by soaking them in cabbage. The results after 6 days of treatment are shown in Tables 14A and 14B.

[0367] Tables 14A and 14B show the insect mortality rates at each specified concentration, and the predicted values ​​for each concentration combination can be calculated using the following Colby formula: E = X + Y - XY / 100 X: Observed value (insect mortality rate) of agent A at concentration x Y: Observed value (insect mortality rate) of agent B at concentration y E: Expected insect mortality rate when agent A and agent B are mixed. If the obtained result is greater than the predicted value, it is analyzed as a synergistic effect; if the predicted value is greater than the observed value, it is analyzed as an antagonistic effect; and if the observed value and the predicted value are the same, it is analyzed as an additive effect.

[0368]

[0369]

[0370] The results from Tables 14A and 14B show that in efficacy tests against the beet armyworm under indoor conditions, the insect mortality rate of compositions combining broflanilide as component (1) and one of the following as component (2): nicoflurprole, pyrifluquinazone, flupyradiflon, fluhexafone, flomethoquin, metaflumizone, lepimectin, or cibenzoxasulfil exceeded the predicted value E obtained from the Colby formula when each compound was used alone, indicating a synergistic effect.

[0371] <Example 3> A pest control composition containing broflanilide as component (1) and one of flupyradiflon or pyrifluquinazone as component (2) was prepared according to sample preparation and test method (3). The pest control composition was applied to first instar larvae of the cotton aphid, a pest belonging to the family Aphididae in the order Hemiptera, by spraying with cucumber, leaf discs, and the insects themselves. The results after 3 days and 6 days after treatment are shown in Table 15.

[0372] Table 15 lists the insect mortality rates at each specified concentration, and the predicted values ​​for each concentration combination can be calculated using the Colby formula below: E = X + Y - XY / 100 X: Observed value (insect mortality rate) of agent A at concentration x Y: Observed value (insect mortality rate) of agent B at concentration y E: Expected insect mortality rate when agent A and agent B are mixed together. If the obtained result is greater than the predicted value, it is analyzed as a synergistic effect; if the predicted value is greater than the observed value, it is analyzed as an antagonistic effect; and if the observed value and the predicted value are the same, it is analyzed as an additive effect.

[0373]

[0374] As shown in the results in Table 15, in efficacy tests against cotton aphids under indoor conditions, the mortality rate of compositions combining broflanilide as component (1) and one of either flupyradiflon or pyrifluquinazone as component (2) exceeded the predicted value E obtained from the Colby formula when each compound was used alone, indicating a synergistic effect.

[0375] <Example 4> A pest control composition containing brofuranilide as component (1) and flupyradiflon as component (2) was prepared according to sample preparation and test method (4). The pest control composition was used on adult southern flower thrips, a pest belonging to the order Thripidae, family Thripidae, by cucumber bait soaking. The results after 4 days of treatment are shown in Table 16.

[0376] Table 16 shows the insect mortality rate at each specified concentration, and the predicted value for each concentration combination can be calculated using the Colby formula below: E = X + Y - XY / 100 X: Observed value (insect mortality rate) of agent A at concentration x Y: Observed value (insect mortality rate) of agent B at concentration y E: Expected insect mortality rate when agent A and agent B are mixed together. If the obtained result is greater than the predicted value, it is analyzed as a synergistic effect; if the predicted value is greater than the observed value, it is analyzed as an antagonistic effect; and if the observed value and the predicted value are the same, it is analyzed as an additive effect.

[0377]

[0378] As shown in Table 16, in efficacy tests against the Western flower thrips under indoor conditions, the mortality rate of the composition combining brofuranilide as component (1) and flupyradiflon as component (2) exceeded the predicted value E obtained from the Colby formula when each compound was used individually, indicating a synergistic effect.

[0379] <Example 5> A pest control composition containing brofranilide as component (1) and one of flupyradiflon or pyrifluquinazone as component (2) was prepared according to sample preparation and test method (5). The pest control composition was used by spraying it on pots of cabbage infested with the peach aphid, a pest belonging to the family Aphididae in the order Hemiptera. The results after 1 day and 3 days after treatment are shown in Table 17.

[0380] Table 17 lists the insect mortality rate at each specified concentration, and the predicted value for each concentration combination can be calculated using the Colby formula below: E = X + Y - XY / 100 X: Observed value of agent A at concentration x Y: Observed value of agent B at concentration y E: Expected observed value when agent A and agent B are mixed together. If the obtained result is greater than the predicted value, it is analyzed as a synergistic effect; if the predicted value is greater than the observed value, it is analyzed as an antagonistic effect; and if the observed value and the predicted value are the same, it is analyzed as an additive effect.

[0381]

[0382] As shown in Table 17, in efficacy tests against peach aphids under greenhouse conditions, the observed values ​​of compositions combining brofuranilide as component (1) and one of either flupyradiflon or pyrifluquinazone as component (2) exceeded the predicted values ​​E obtained from the Colby equation when each compound was used individually, indicating a synergistic effect. Furthermore, in all mixed treatment groups, the difference between the observed value and the predicted value E was greater after 1 day of treatment than after 3 days of treatment, demonstrating a high immediate effect.

[0383] <Example 6> A pest control composition containing brofuranilide as component (1) and flupyradiflon as component (2) was prepared according to sample preparation and test method (6). The pest control composition was used by spraying it on cucumber pots infested with cotton aphids, which are pests belonging to the order Hemiptera, family Aphididae. The results after 3 days, 7 days, and 10 days of treatment are shown in Table 18.

[0384] Table 18 shows the insect mortality rate at each specified concentration, and the predicted value for each concentration combination can be calculated using the Colby formula below: E = X + Y - XY / 100 X: Observed value of agent A at concentration x Y: Observed value of agent B at concentration y E: Expected observed value when agent A and agent B are mixed together. If the obtained result is greater than the predicted value, it is analyzed as a synergistic effect; if the predicted value is greater than the observed value, it is analyzed as an antagonistic effect; and if the observed value and the predicted value are the same, it is analyzed as an additive effect.

[0385]

[0386] As shown in Table 18, in efficacy tests against cotton aphids under greenhouse conditions, the observed values ​​of the composition combining brofuranilide as component (1) and flupyradiflon as component (2) exceeded the predicted values ​​E obtained from the Colby equation when each compound was used individually, indicating a synergistic effect. Furthermore, in the mixed treatment group, the difference between the observed value and the predicted value E was greater at 3 days after treatment than at 7 days and 10 days after treatment, demonstrating a high immediate effect.

[0387] <Comparative Example 1> A pest control composition was prepared containing broflanilide as component (1) and one of metaflumizone or cyclaniliprole as component (2). The pest control composition was applied to first-instar larvae of the peach aphid, a pest belonging to the order Hemiptera, family Aphididae, by spraying cabbage, leaf discs, and the insects themselves. The results after 3 days and 6 days of treatment are shown in Table 19. Table 19 shows the mortality rate at each predetermined concentration, and the predicted values ​​for each concentration combination can be calculated using the Colby formula below.

[0388]

[0389] As shown in Table 19, the insect mortality rate of compositions combining broflanilide as component (1) and one of either metaflumizone or cyclaniliprole as component (2) was lower than the predicted value E obtained from the Colby formula when each compound was used individually, indicating no synergistic effect.

[0390] The pest control composition of the present invention, and the method for controlling plant diseases or plant pests using the composition, exhibit useful control effects through a novel combination, and therefore have value as agricultural chemicals.

Claims

1. A pest control composition comprising a pest control active ingredient (1) and a pest control active ingredient (2), wherein the pest control active ingredient (1) is one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of isoxazoline and metadiamide compounds that act as GABA-gated chloride ion channel allosteric modulators. The pest control composition wherein the pest control active ingredient (2) is one or more selected from the group consisting of phenylpyrazole compounds, compounds acting as mitochondrial electron transport chain complex III inhibitors, compounds acting as glutamate-gated chloride ion channel allosteric modulators, compounds acting as nicotinic acetylcholine receptor competitive modulators, compounds acting as chord organ TRPV channel modulators, compounds acting as acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitors, pyrethroid compounds acting as sodium channel modulators, benzpyrimoxane, fluhexafone, ticlopyrazoflor, indazapyroxamato, thiapyrachlor, flupyroxystrobin, and cibenzoxasulfyl.

2. The pest control composition according to claim 1, wherein the pest control active ingredient (1) is one or more selected from the group consisting of profuranilide, cyprofranilide, piperfranilide, fluxamethamide, and isocycloceram, and the pest control active ingredient (2) is one or more selected from the group consisting of nicoflurprole, benzpyrimoxane, fluhexafone, flomethoquin, lepimectin, flupyradiflon, pyriflurquinazone, ticlopyrazoflor, fenmezoditiaz, indazapyroxamato, thiapyrachlor, flupyroxystrobin, spidoxamato, cibenzoxasulfyl, pyriprole, epsilonmonfluorothrin, meparfluthrin, and dimefluthrin.

3. The pest control composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pest control active ingredient (1) is one or more selected from the group consisting of profuranilide, cyprofuranilide, and piperfuranilide.

4. The pest control composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pest control active ingredient (1) is profuranilide or cyprofuranilide.

5. The pest control composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pest control active ingredient (1) is brofuranilide.

6. The pest control composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pest control active ingredient (1) is one or more selected from the group consisting of isocycloceram and fluxamethamide.

7. The pest control composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pest control active ingredient (1) is isocycloceram.

8. The pest control composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pest is at least one insect selected from the group consisting of harmful arthropods, harmful mollusks, and harmful nematodes.

9. The pest control composition according to claim 5, wherein the pest is at least one insect selected from the group consisting of harmful arthropods, harmful mollusks, and harmful nematodes.

10. The pest control composition according to claim 7, wherein the pest is at least one insect selected from the group consisting of harmful arthropods, harmful mollusks, and harmful nematodes.

11. The pest control composition according to claim 8, wherein the pest is at least one insect selected from harmful arthropods.

12. The pest control composition according to claim 8, wherein the pest is at least one insect selected from the group consisting of thrips, flies, true bugs, butterflies, cockroaches and mites.

13. The pest control composition according to claim 8, wherein the pest is at least one insect selected from the group consisting of the families Thripsidae, Leafminers, Culicidae, Pentatomidae, Whiteflies, Mealybugs, Noctuidae, Diamondback moths, Blattodea and Mites.

14. The pest control composition according to claim 8, wherein the pest is at least one insect selected from the group consisting of the western flower thrips, tomato leafminer, Aedes aegypti, peach aphid, cotton aphid, bed bug, tobacco whitefly, beet armyworm, armyworm, tobacco budworm, diamondback moth, German cockroach, and two-spotted spider mite.

15. A method for controlling plant diseases, plant pests, or sanitary pests, comprising applying the pest control composition described in claim 1 or 2 to plants, seeds, soil, facilities, or living spaces.

16. A method for controlling plant diseases, plant pests, or sanitary pests, comprising applying the pest control composition described in claim 5 to plants, seeds, soil, facilities, or living spaces.

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